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Journal articles on the topic 'Mining geophysics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Gochioco, Lawrence M., and Milovan Urosevic. "An introduction—Mining geophysics." Leading Edge 22, no. 6 (June 2003): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1587677.

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2

Dębski, Wojciech. "Geophysics in geology and mining." Acta Geophysica 60, no. 2 (February 9, 2012): 384–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11600-012-0014-z.

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3

Irvine, Richard. "Mining geophysics: A Canadian story." Preview 2019, no. 200 (May 4, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14432471.2019.1621291.

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4

Mutton, Andrew J. "The application of geophysics during evaluation of the Century zinc deposit." GEOPHYSICS 65, no. 6 (November 2000): 1946–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444878.

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During the period 1990 to 1995, experimental programs using high‐resolution geophysics at several Australian operating mines and advanced evaluation projects were undertaken. The primary aim of those programs was to investigate the application of geophysical technology to improving the precision and economics of the ore evaluation and extraction processes. Geophysical methods used for this purpose include: 1) borehole geophysical logging to characterize ore and rock properties more accurately for improved correlations between drill holes, quantification of resource quality, and geotechnical information. 2) imaging techniques between drill holes to map structure directly or to locate geotechnical problems ahead of mining. 3) high‐resolution surface methods to map ore contacts and variations in ore quality, or for geotechnical requirements. In particular, the use of geophysics during evaluation of the Century zinc deposit in northern Australia demonstrated the potential value of these methods to the problems of defining the lateral and vertical extent of ore, quantitative density determination, prediction of structure between drill holes, and geotechnical characterization of the deposit. An analysis of the potential benefit of using a combination of borehole geophysical logging and imaging suggested that a more precise structural evaluation of the deposit could be achieved at a cost of several million dollars less than the conventional evaluation approach based on analysis from diamond drill‐hole logging and interpolation alone. The use of geophysics for the Century evaluation also provided substance to the possibility of using systematic geophysical logging of blast holes as an integral part of the ore extraction process. Preliminary tests indicate that ore boundaries can be determined to a resolution of several centimeters, and ore grade can be estimated directly to a usable accuracy. Applying this approach routinely to production blast holes would yield potential benefits of millions of dollars annually through improved timeliness and accuracy of ore boundary and quality data, decreased dilution, and improved mill performance. Although the indications of substantial benefits resulting from the appropriate and timely use of geophysics at Rio Tinto’s mining operations are positive, some challenges remain. These relate largely to the appropriate integration of the technology with the mining process, and acceptance by the mine operators of the economic value of such work. Until the benefits are demonstrated clearly over time, the use of geophysics as a routine component of evaluation and mining is likely to remain at a low level.
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5

Asten, Michael. "Special Section on mining geophysics—Introduction." GEOPHYSICS 65, no. 6 (November 2000): 1851–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444868.

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The Exploration 97 Conference held in Toronto in 1997 was a decennial event which provided a forum for review of advances in geophysics applied to mineral exploration and resource evaluation. This Special Section of Geophysics publishes a set of 16 papers, originally presented at that conference, which demonstrate recent advances in mineral exploration and mine geophysics.
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6

Gotovsuren, Uguumur, Amartuvshin Sodnomdorj, Khuukhnee Batdorj, Dashnvam Nergui, and Lawrence M. Gochioco. "Robust mining geophysics exploration in Mongolia." Leading Edge 31, no. 3 (March 2012): 304–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3694897.

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7

Legault, Jean, and Brendan Howe. "Introduction to this special section: Mining geophysics." Leading Edge 40, no. 2 (February 2021): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle40020088.1.

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Much has happened to the mineral exploration geophysics industry since TLE's last special section dedicated to mining geophysics was published in 2008. We are pleased to showcase the work of many talented mining geophysicists to the TLE readership in this issue's special section.
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8

Kuchin, Yan, and Jānis Grundspeņķis. "Machine Learning Methods for Identifying Composition of Uranium Deposits in Kazakhstan." Applied Computer Systems 22, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acss-2017-0014.

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Abstract The paper explores geophysical methods of wells survey, as well as their role in the development of Kazakhstan’s uranium deposit mining efforts. An analysis of the existing methods for solving the problem of interpreting geophysical data using machine learning in petroleum geophysics is made. The requirements and possible applications of machine learning methods in regard to uranium deposits of Kazakhstan are formulated in the paper.
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9

Goodway, Bill. "Introduction to this special section: Mining geophysics." Leading Edge 31, no. 3 (March 2012): 288–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3694894.

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10

El Abidi El Alaoui, Meryeme, Latifa Ouadif, Lahcen Bahi, and Ahmed Manar. "Contribution of applied geophysics in mining prospecting." E3S Web of Conferences 150 (2020): 03016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015003016.

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The Eastern High Atlas (Morocco) contains a variety of rocks with different magnetic susceptibility, among these rocks are those which constitute the Proterozoic and Paleozoic basement of the plain of Tamlelt which is the study area. This work is devoted to the analysis and interpretation of the main magnetic anomalies using the Oisis Montaj program, and the correlation using ArcGis software, from the main « magnetic facies» detected, to the main geological formations affecting the geological basement, highlighted in the plain of Tamlelt. The map of the residual magnetic field shows elongated magnetic anomalies in the direction E-W and NE-SW. the reduction to the pole shows at the level of the plain of Tamlelt a large anomaly elongated in the direction E-W then in the direction NW-SE. The transformation of Tilt Angle allowed to delimit the anomalies of low or high amplitude that limit the shallow structures. The quantitative interpretation of the main magnetic anomalies highlighted in the study area has made it possible to characterize the deep structure of the magnetic bodies, which could contain sulphide clusters, according to the geological and mining context of the studied area.
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11

Gochioco, Lawrence M., and Rick Miller. "Introduction to this special section—Mining Geophysics." Leading Edge 27, no. 1 (January 2008): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2831678.

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12

Gochioco, Lawrence M. "The diverse challenges in a mining geophysics career." Leading Edge 18, no. 3 (March 1999): 350–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1438291.

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13

Gochioco, Lawrence M. "An introduction to this special section: Mining Geophysics." Leading Edge 19, no. 7 (July 2000): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1438702.

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14

Hatherly, P. J. "Coal Mining And The Need For Innovative Geophysics." Exploration Geophysics 18, no. 1-2 (March 1, 1987): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg987083.

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15

Rose, Arthur W. "Application of geophysics in the tin mining industry." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 48, no. 3 (August 1993): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(93)90020-m.

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16

Jian-po, Liu, Li Yuan-hui, and Xu Shi-da. "Relationship between microseismic activities and mining parameters during deep mining process." Journal of Applied Geophysics 159 (December 2018): 814–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2018.10.018.

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17

Vallée, Marc A., Richard S. Smith, and Pierre Keating. "Metalliferous mining geophysics — State of the art after a decade in the new millennium." GEOPHYSICS 76, no. 4 (July 2011): W31—W50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3587224.

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Mining exploration was very active during the first decade of the twenty-first century because there were numerous advances in the science and technology that geophysicists were using for mineral exploration. Development came from different sources: instrumentation improvements, new numerical algorithms, and cross-fertilization with the seismic industry. In gravity, gradiometry kept its promise and is on the cusp of becoming a key technology for mining exploration. In potential-field methods in general, numerous techniques have been developed for automatic interpretation, and 3D inversion schemes came into frequent use. These inversions will have even greater use when geologic constraints can be applied easily. In airborne electromagnetic (EM) methods, the development of time-domain helicopter EM systems changed the industry. In parallel, improvements in EM modeling and interpretation occurred; in particular, the strengths and weaknesses of the various algorithms became better understood. Simpler imaging schemes came into standard use, whereas layered inversion seldom is used in the mining industry today. Improvements in ground EM methods were associated with the development of SQUID technology and distributed-acquisition systems; the latter also impacted ground induced-polarization (IP) methods. Developments in borehole geophysics for mining and exploration were numerous. Borehole logging to measure physical properties received significant interest. Perhaps one reason for that interest was the desire to develop links between geophysical and geologic results, which also is a topic of great importance to mining geologists and geophysicists.
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18

de Beer, Johan. "Early mining and mineral exploration geophysics in southern Africa." Leading Edge 30, no. 11 (November 2011): 1254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.3663397.

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19

Hatherly, Peter. "Overview on the application of geophysics in coal mining." International Journal of Coal Geology 114 (July 2013): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2013.02.006.

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20

Witherly, Ken. "Exploration 07—A decennial review of mining geophysics 1997–2007." Leading Edge 27, no. 1 (January 2008): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2831677.

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21

Smith, Richard. "Electromagnetic Induction Methods in Mining Geophysics from 2008 to 2012." Surveys in Geophysics 35, no. 1 (April 9, 2013): 123–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-013-9227-1.

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22

Voznesenskii, A. S., H. Rueter, M. Will, E. Raekers, W. Klokmann, U. Müllers, and U. Neidereichholtz. "Accuracy of seismoacoustic methods of experimental geomechanics and mining geophysics." Journal of Mining Science 31, no. 6 (November 1995): 471–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02052558.

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23

Tichauer, Ricardo, Antonio Carlos Martins, Ranyere Sousa Silva, and Giorgio De Tomi. "The role of geophysics in enhancing mine planning decision-making in small-scale mining." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 7 (July 2020): 200384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200384.

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Small-scale mining usually operates under high geological uncertainty conditions. This turns mine planning into a complex and sometimes inaccurate task, resulting in low productivity and substantial variability in the quantity and quality of the mineral products. This research demonstrates how the application of a novel methodology that relies on traditional and low-cost geophysical methods can contribute to mine planning in small-scale mining. A combination of resistivity and induced polarization methods is applied to enhance mine planning decision-making in three small-scale mining operations. This approach allows for the acquisition of new data regarding local geological settings, supporting geological modelling and enhancing decision-making processes for mine planning in a timely and low-cost fashion. The results indicate time savings of up to 77% and cost reductions of up to 94% as compared with conventional methods, contributing to more effective mine planning and, ultimately, improving sustainability in small-scale mining.
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24

Nabighian, Misac N., and Michael W. Asten. "Metalliferous mining geophysics—State of the art in the last decade of the 20th century and the beginning of the new millennium." GEOPHYSICS 67, no. 3 (May 2002): 964–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1484538.

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The downturn in mining activity experienced during the 1990s did not preclude significant new developments in various areas of mining geophysics. The methodology for acquiring and compiling data has kept pace with the latest technological developments, from Global Positioning System navigation to raster displays and parallel computing. Wavelet transforms, principal component analysis, and fractals have begun to find successful applications in both processing and interpretation of geophysical data. Methods of quantitatively interpreting/inverting anomalies in terms of 2‐D and 3‐D models of causative bodies are becoming common. For the first time it is possible to make airborne gravity gradient measurements suitable for use in mineral exploration. Lower transmitter frequencies for airborne time‐domain electromagnetic (EM) systems have enabled surveys in areas where conductive cover previously screened basement conductors. The use of approximation algorithms has allowed the transformation of either time‐domain or frequency‐domain data into conductivity‐depth images (CDIs) which expedite interpretation. Full‐waveform recording and the use of multiple receivers are becoming common for ground EM techniques. In radiometrics it is now common practice to record 256 channels of spectral data which, by using statistical methods, has led to a dramatic reduction of noise in aerial gamma‐ray surveys. Finally, advances in 3‐D oil‐field seismic reflection methods have been introduced into the search for mineral deposits, thereby providing new tools for studying the environment of orebody emplacement as well as detailed geometrical information of value for both exploration and mine‐planning applications. Thus, at the beginning of the 21st century, we find the geophysical techniques used by the mining industry to be at the forefront of the latest technological developments.
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25

Jarzyna, Jadwiga, Bogdan Mihai Niculescu, Michal Malinowski, and Zenon Pilecki. "Editorial for special issue “advances in engineering, environmental and mining geophysics”." Acta Geophysica 69, no. 2 (February 27, 2021): 609–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11600-021-00560-2.

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26

Tsaklidis, George M., Eleftheria E. Papadimitriou, and Nikolaos Limnios. "Statistical tools for earthquake and mining seismology." Acta Geophysica 59, no. 4 (May 1, 2011): 657–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11600-011-0022-4.

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27

El-Qady, Gad, Andreas Junge, and Toivo Korja. "Electromagnetic studies for mining, geothermal and hydrocarbons." Journal of Applied Geophysics 68, no. 4 (August 2009): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2008.05.004.

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28

Kurgansky, V. ""GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCHES OF MINING HOLES" – 50 YEARS AT TARAS SHEVCHENKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF KYIV." Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geology, no. 1 (84) (2019): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.84.13.

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Development of carotage (retrospective years 1969-2019) at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv is described. Basic achievements are shown in educational and scientific directions. Carbonate rocks methodology study problems, petrophysical models which allowed building physically well-founded dependences of "core-core", "core-geophysics", "geophysics- geophysics" type are described. Petrophysical simulation, theory of probability and mathematical statistics methods allowed the author to work out a complex system of data processing and interpretation in welllogging. Current status and tendency in dataware drilling process of the deep oil and gas wells are examined. Absolutely new ideology of operative getting of the reliable directional survey data without special logging services (telesystem in the process of drilling, autonomous inclinometer and other) is proposed.
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29

Hunt, John P. "APPLIED GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS AND THE FUTURE OF US METAL MINING." Leading Edge 5, no. 2 (February 1986): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1439227.

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30

Arutyunov, V. V. "Analysis of the demand for the results of scientific activity in the main areas of Earth Sciences." Scientific and Technical Libraries, no. 2 (February 20, 2020): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2020-2-91-104.

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The paper analyzes the importance of geological knowledge for solving a wide range of practical problems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results of the research of scientists and specialists in 2012–2018 in Geology, Geophysics, Geography, Mining, Geodesy and cartography on the basis of RSCI databases (Russian science citation index). The analysis was carried out taking into account a number of scientometric indicators: the publication activity of researchers – the annual number of their publications, as well as the citation of these publications and the demand for the results of their work. Features of publication activity are revealed: high values of its indicators for Geology and Geophysics and minimum values – for Geodesy and cartography; thus the number of publications on Geography and Mining approximately coincide. For Geology, there is stability in the number of publications since 2015, while in other analyzed industries there is a decline in the number of publications since 2017. Citation rates for all years under review are continuously decreasing. At the same time, in the field of Geophysics, citation rates are 3–4 times higher than similar indicators for Geography, and 7–9 times – indicators for Mining. The most popular are the results of research in Geophysics, the least – in the field of Geodesy and cartography. At the same time, if the annual demand for the results of studies in Geophysics exceeds similar indicators for Geography by 15–20%, for Geodesy and cartography – about 1.5 times. Low demand for all areas of research in 2018. The reason is obviously the same as for the small citation indicators this year: the delayed "response" of the scientific community to the publications of the current year.
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31

Turner, G., R. J. Yelf, and P. J. Hatherly. "Coal mining applications of ground radar." Exploration Geophysics 20, no. 2 (1989): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg989165.

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Coal due to its low conductivity and high electromagnetic contrast with surrounding rocks is an attractive medium for study by ground radar. Results of trials in Australian coal mines show that ground radar can be a useful tool for horizon control, locating old underground workings and mapping geological structure both from the surface and within mine roadways.
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32

Marcak, Henryk. "Cycles in mining seismicity." Journal of Seismology 17, no. 3 (April 19, 2013): 961–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10950-013-9365-4.

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33

Kosecki, Arkadiusz, Bogdan Piwakowski, and Lynda Driad-Lebeau. "High resolution seismic investigation in salt mining context." Acta Geophysica 58, no. 1 (November 25, 2009): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11600-009-0056-z.

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34

Mollehuara-Canales, R., E. Kozlovskaya, J. P. Lunkka, K. Moisio, and D. Pedretti. "Non-invasive geophysical imaging and facies analysis in mining tailings." Journal of Applied Geophysics 192 (September 2021): 104402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2021.104402.

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35

Seigel, Harold O. "Some personal reflections on 40 years of KEGS and of mining geophysics." Leading Edge 13, no. 11 (November 1994): 1117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1436999.

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36

Sheard, S. N., T. J. Ritchie, Karen R. Christopherson, and E. Brand. "Mining, Environmental, Petroleum, and Engineering Industry Applications of Electromagnetic Techniques in Geophysics." Surveys in Geophysics 26, no. 5 (September 2005): 653–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-005-1760-0.

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37

Małkowski, Piotr, Zbigniew Niedbalski, and Wojciech Sojka. "The assessment of the optimal time window for prediction of seismic hazard for longwall coal mining: the case study." Acta Geophysica 69, no. 2 (February 7, 2021): 691–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11600-021-00541-5.

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AbstractThe dynamic nature of rock mass damage during mining activity generates seismic events. This article shows, how the time window for the database influences on the actual status of seismic hazard for the longwall mining area in one of Polish coal mines using Gutenberg–Richter law. A time window of 10–90 days was assumed with similar or shorter prediction times forecast on its basis. Additionally, for each seismic database the hazard prediction accuracy was determined. The analysis shows that the 10- and 20-day base periods are too short for prediction purposes. The higher-energy seismic events sometimes do not occur within such a short period of time, preventing regression analysis and parameter b determination. The best time window for the seismic hazard prognosis in given geological and mining conditions seems to be 30–50 days. The shorter periods cause the underestimation of the seismic hazard prognosis. Low range of tremor energies and the relatively low number of seismic events with high energy cause the low probability of prediction of the seismic mining events (10–40%) of the energy of min. 106 J, even for longer day base periods. The accuracy of hazard prediction, obtained from each seismic database period, was determined, using the developed coefficient of hazard autoregression CN. The analysis of the Gutenberg–Richter distribution should serve as complementary tool of seismic hazard prediction only.
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38

Lambourne, A. N., B. J. Evans, and P. J. Hatherly. "The application of the 3D seismic surveying technique to coal seam imaging: case histories from the Arckaringa and Sydney basins." Exploration Geophysics 20, no. 2 (1989): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg989137.

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Two dimensional seismic surveying is commonly used in the coal mining industry to assist the mining and development of coal deposits by seismically imaging coal seams. A specialised three dimensional seismic surveying technique has recently been performed over coal mining leases in South Australia and New South Wales, to trial its applicability to coal mine planning and extraction operations.The first two case histories of its trial in Australia are presented, and the conclusion drawn that the specialised three dimensional technique developed to date offers the ability to image coal seams in three dimensions and thereby improve mine planning in regions of complex faulting.
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39

Ramalho, E., J. Carvalho, S. Barbosa, and F. A. Monteiro Santos. "Using geophysical methods to characterize an abandoned uranium mining site, Portugal." Journal of Applied Geophysics 67, no. 1 (January 2009): 14–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2008.08.010.

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40

Gendzwill, D. J., and D. Stead. "Rock mass characterization around Saskatchewan potash mine openings using geophysical techniques: a review." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 29, no. 4 (August 1, 1992): 666–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t92-073.

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Saskatchewan potash deposits are found in relatively uniform, flat-bedded strata with few irregularities. Potash mines are highly automated and efficient, taking advantage of the uniform strata. However, anomalous geological conditions can lead to severe problems, especially with water inflows. One mine has been lost to flooding, and other mines now have or previously had large inflows of water. Geophysical techniques, especially the method of vertical seismic reflection from the surface, are used to predict anomalous geological conditions. Seismic, electric, and other geophysical methods are also used underground, sometimes in boreholes, to detect conditions around the mine openings such as the thickness of the salt cover over the mine, fractures around the opening, shale beds, the presence of water, and other rock properties. The mines generate seismic activity ranging from magnitude 3.7 earthquakes to tiny micro-earthquakes, and various field monitoring and laboratory testing programs have analyzed these. To avoid hazards discovered by geophysical methods, mine managers have often changed their plan of operation or even deleted large ore reserves. Key words : geophysics, potash mining, seismic, earthquakes.
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41

Dransfield, Mark, Asbjorn Christensen, Marion Rose, Peter Stone, and Peter Diorio. "Falcon Test Results from the Bathurst Mining Camp." Exploration Geophysics 32, no. 3-4 (September 2001): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg01243.

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42

Keating, P. B., F. G. Kiss, J. Katsube, and M. E. Best. "Airborne conductivity mapping of the Bathurst mining camp." Exploration Geophysics 29, no. 1-2 (March 1998): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg998211.

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43

Dias, Kriselle, Charles Hurich, and Sharon Deemer. "Seismic imaging of a near-vertical vein using controlled-source seismic interferometry." Leading Edge 40, no. 2 (February 2021): 150a1–150a7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle40020150a1.1.

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New methodologies for narrow-vein mining are making thin, steeply dipping mineralized veins economically viable mining targets. Drilling is the normal method for delineation and resource evaluation prior to mining. However, for the evaluation of narrow veins, significant drilling of barren rock is required. Controlled-source seismic interferometry has the potential to significantly decrease the costs of target delineation by providing high-resolution seismic images of thin, steeply dipping mineralized veins. We present a case study that employs seismic interferometry in conjunction with a walkaway vertical seismic profiling survey to image a thin (0.5–4 m), steeply dipping barite vein. The footprint of the seismic data acquisition is relatively small and compatible with operations in areas with limited access (e.g., mining camps). The technique requires some care with experimental design and data processing, but it is clearly demonstrated to produce a high-resolution seismic image. Furthermore, we demonstrate that inversion of the depth-migrated image can be used to quantify vein thickness and provide direct information for resource evaluation and reserve estimation.
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44

Acosta, J. A., P. Martínez-Pagán, S. Martínez-Martínez, A. Faz, R. Zornoza, and D. M. Carmona. "Assessment of environmental risk of reclaimed mining ponds using geophysics and geochemical techniques." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 147 (December 2014): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2014.04.005.

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45

Selfe, Gavin. "New Applications of Borehole Geophysical Logging in Mining and Mineral Exploration." Exploration Geophysics 28, no. 1-2 (March 1997): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg997127.

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46

Arrowsmith, S. J., M. A. H. Hedlin, B. Stump, and M. D. Arrowsmith. "Infrasonic Signals from Large Mining Explosions." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 98, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 768–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120060241.

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47

Frías, J. Martínez. "The Hiendelaencina mining district (Guadalajara, Spain)." Mineralium Deposita 27, no. 3 (June 1992): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00202544.

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48

Hernández, A., M. Jébrak, P. Higueras, R. Oyarzun, D. Morata, and J. Munhá. "The Almadén mercury mining district, Spain." Mineralium Deposita 34, no. 5-6 (July 7, 1999): 539–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001260050219.

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49

Węglarczyk, Stanisław, and Stanisław Lasocki. "Studies of short and long memory in mining-induced seismic processes." Acta Geophysica 57, no. 3 (June 25, 2009): 696–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11600-009-0021-x.

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50

Idriss, Hajo, Isam Salih, Hiaty Abdelbagi, Abdelrahman Higazi, and Nagi I. Ali. "Distribution of natural radioactivity around mechanized and non-mechanized mining regions." Acta Geophysica 67, no. 4 (June 1, 2019): 1139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11600-019-00311-4.

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