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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mining safety'
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Atkinson, Glenn. "Automated mining machine safety investigation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/MQ37301.pdf.
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Jonsson, Hanna. "Safety Education for Future Mining." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75563.
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The work environment in mines have changed during the last decades. Compared to when birds were used to examine the air quality in coal mines, today’s mines strive for a zero-entry production. Which means that the persons who works at the mining company are stationed over ground - instead of under it. With digitalization and automation, companies like Boliden aim to increase a safer work environment. However, zero-entry mines are still in the future, and until future notice, existing risks and hazards need to be managed. This master thesis at Luleå University of Technology in collaboration with the Crusher and Ore Handling System (G55) department at Boliden Aitik. This master thesis aims to improve work conditions and contribute to a safer work environment by increasing awareness and knowledge regarding risks and routines at the G55 department. To accomplish this, I have during this master thesis developed an educational tool as a supplement to the current safety educations provided by SSG. This master thesis focus on providing workers with information with safety educations and motivates by lack of knowledge as a cause of accidents. Through visits, interviews and observations have been conducted to map current and future state at the G55 department and within Boliden as a company. In total ten interviews have been performed as well as several feedback occasions. Trough feedback, adjustments have been done which are beneficial in the iterative working process due its ability to go back and adjust. The current state mapping has been compared to theories in which a theoretical framework has been used as a foundation when– analyzing the current state and developing the material. Included topics in the literature gather are “Health and Safety” and “Understand and Develop training material”. These have been the foundation when discussing improvement areas and when taking decisions when I developed the education material. Since the education material is a supplement to already existing safety educations provided by SSG, training methods have been investigated. The resulting education material delivered to the G55 department resulted in a lecture based presentation material in the software PowerPoint, as well as a pamphlet with summarized information from the lecture material. The lecture training method was chosen due to its advantage of containing personal contact between new workers and existing staff. This makes the introduction material complement current safety education which are performed as a data-based training method and misses personal contact. Delivered material contains information that is consider important for new workers to know before starting their employment. Further recommendations when implementing this material are to translate it to English to reach non-Swedish-speaking persons entering the department as well as keep developing the material. The discussion question if additional educations are the most efficient way to manage and correct risks depending on the classifications of existing risks. But concludes that it is an easily tool for short-term control. According to me, the mapping of the organization should be used to eliminate or separate current risks and hazards for a sustainable solution long-term. Today, I believe that an education supplement is necessary. And hopefully, the G55 department will keep develop their organization, eliminate current risks and long-term achieve a zero-accident vision.Arbetsmiljön i gruvor har förändrats under de senaste årtiondena. Jämfört med när fåglar användes för att undersöka luftkvalitén i kolgruvorna, strävar dagens gruvor efter en noll-entrégruva (zero-entry). Det innebär att de personer som arbetar på gruvföretaget är stationerade över marken - istället för under den. Med digitalisering och automation hoppas företag som Boliden att skapa en säkrare arbetsmiljö. Noll-entrégruvor är dock fortfarande en bit bort och tillsvidare måste existerande risker hanteras. Det här examensarbetet är utfört vid Luleå tekniska universitet och gjort i samarbete med avdelningen Kross och infrakt (G55) i Aitikgruvan. Examensarbetet syftar till att förbättra arbetsförhållandena och bidra till en säkrare arbetsmiljö genom att öka medvetenheten och kunskapen kring risker och rutiner vid G55-avdelningen. Dessutom syftar det till att utveckla ett pedagogiskt verktyg som ett tillägg till SSG:s nuvarande säkerhetsutbildning som ska användas vid introduktion av nya arbetare på området. Examensarbetet fokuserar på att ge arbetstagare information med säkerhetsutbildning och motiverar genom bristande kunskap som orsak till olyckor. Under besök hos avdelningen har intervjuer och observationer genomförts för att kartlägga nuvarande och framtida tillstånd vid G55 och inom Boliden som företag. Totalt har tio intervjuer gjorts samt några feedbacktillfällen. Tack vare feedback, har justeringar gjorts som en del i den iterativa arbetsprocessen som tillåter att gå tillbaka och justera. Den nuvarande kartläggningen har jämförts med teorier där en teoretisk referensram har använts som grund vid analys av kartläggning och utveckling av materialet. Inkluderade ämnen i litteraturen är "Hälsa och säkerhet" och "Förstå och utveckla utbildningsmaterial". Dessa har varit grunden när jag diskuterat förbättringsområden och fattat beslut under utvecklandet av utbildningsmaterial. Eftersom utbildningsmaterialet kompletterar redan befintliga säkerhetsutbildningar från SSG har utbildningsmetoder undersökts. Det resulterande utbildningsmaterialet som levererades till G55 har resulterat i ett föreläsningsbaserat presentationsmaterial i PowerPoint, liksom en broschyr med sammanfattande information från föreläsningsmaterialet. Föreläsning som utbildningsmetoden valdes på grund av dess förmån att tillåta personlig kontakt mellan nya arbetstagare och befintlig personal. Detta gör att introduktionsmaterialet kompletterar nuvarande säkerhetsutbildning som utförs som en databaserad träningsmetod och saknar just personlig kontakt. Levererat material innehåller information som är viktig för nya medarbetare att veta innan de börjar sin anställning. Ytterligare rekommendationer vid implementering av detta material är att översätta det till engelska för att nå icke-svensktalande personer på avdelningen samt fortsätta att utveckla materialet. Avslutningsvis, diskuteras huruvida ytterligare utbildningar är det effektivaste sättet att hantera och korrigera risker. Slutsatsen är att det är ett verktyg för kortsiktig kontroll. På lång sikt, borde kartläggningen, enligt mig, användas för att eliminera eller skilja nuvarande risker och faror för at få hållbar lösning. Idag tror jag att ett utbildningstillägg är nödvändigt. Och förhoppningsvis kommer G55-avdelningen att fortsätta utveckla sin organisation, eliminera nuvarande risker och på lång sikt uppnå en olycksfallsvision.
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Güngör, Alper. "Occupational health and safety management tool." Ankara : METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604694/index.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Middle East Technical University, 2004.Keywords: Accident Report Form, Accident Database, Occupational Diseases and Mine Accidents, Accident Reporting System, Health and Safety Management Tool.
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Katalagarianakis, Georgios. "Risk assessment and accident prevention in mining." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299320.
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Codrington, Caroline Anne. "A study of safety representation in mining and construction." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/18790.
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Zheng, Zijian. "Application of Data Mining Techniques in Transportation Safety Study." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28877.
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Most of current studies are based on Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), which require several assumptions. Those assumptions limit GLMs with the nature of data, and jeopardize models? performance when handling data with complex and nonlinear patterns, high missing values, and large number of input variables with various data types. Data mining models are famous for strong capability of extracting valuable information and detecting complex patterns from large noisy data. However, they are not popular in transportation safety research, because they are criticized to be unable to provide interpretable and practical outputs. In this study, data mining models are tested in transportation safety research to prove their feasibility to be served as alternative models in safety study. Influential variable importance, contributor variable marginal effect analysis, and model predicting accuracy are further conducted to identify complex and nonlinear patterns in study dataset, and to respond to the criticism that data mining models do not provide practical outputs. Due to the high fatality rate, two types of crashes are selected as research areas: 1) predicting crashes at Highway Rail Grade Crossings (HRGCs); and 2) commercial truck involved crash injury severity. In the HRGC crash likelihood study, three data mining models, Decision Tree (DT), Gradient Boosting (GB), and Neural Network (NN), are tested, and demonstrated to be solid in Highway Rail Grade Crossing (HRGC) crash likelihood study. In the commercial truck involved crash injury severity study, the GB model identifies 11 out of 25 studied variables to be responsible for more than 80% of injury severity level forecasting, and their nonlinear impact on the severity level. Several factors such as trucking company attributes (e.g., company size), safety inspection values, trucking company commerce status (e.g., interstate or intrastate), and registration condition are found to be significantly associated with crash injury severity. Even though most of the identified contributing factors are significant for all four levels of crash severity, their relative importance and marginal effect are all different. Findings in this study can be helpful for transportation agencies to reduce injury severity level, and develop efficient strategies to improve safety.Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute (UGPTI)
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Cano, Yakelin, Grimaldo Quispe, Heyul Chavez, Nestor Mamani-Macedo, Carlos Raymundo-Ibañez, and Francisco Dominguez. "Occupational Health and Safety Management Model for Mining Contracts." Springer, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656173.
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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.The importance of an occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) in a mining contract allows the establishment of guidelines to prevent and mitigate accidents that may occur in mines and in exploration areas. Such guidelines are integrated to ensure compliance with regulations with respect to the mining activity (DS 024-2016-EM). For developing a model, the literature was initially reviewed (scientific articles and research studies were used as the background), development techniques were established, and an OHSMS was proposed, with prior evaluation from the contractor. Subsequently, this study presents the general requirements, planning, implementation, verification, and the corresponding review by the appropriate authority. Finally, the model is established, supported by tables that will report the current state of the company and the implementation process. This study concludes with the execution of OHSMS in case of mining contracts.
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Redelinghuys, Paul. "Developing a zero harm safety culture framework for the mining industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95610.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.Safety culture is a multi-layered dynamic concept, meaning that it is not only the aspects pertaining to compliance with compulsory legislation, but also many other non-compulsory safety management and leadership initiatives, which enhance the companies’ safety performance. Most of the available literature focuses on a safety climate, which is an aggregate measure of employee attitude and opinion regarding safety. This paper presents the zero harm safety culture, a common contextual framework, taking readers beyond the traditional safety climate metrics and presenting a variety of assessment and analytical tools for each level of the framework. Techniques used to transform the safety culture toward a state of zero harm are explored in this research report. Finally, 26-components exist in a zero harm safety framework, to illustrate the development and application of a zero harm safety culture in the mining industry. It is also worth mentioning that the most important element of clearly perceived leadership has been found to be neglected in the past and resulted in persistence of incidents leading to fatalities. This important factor, which requires constant leadership interaction, is what makes or breaks the zero harm safety culture framework. Hence, it is crucial that organisations appoint leaders in positions influencing direction of the safety culture, and that these individuals are committed to the drive towards zero harm. This would assist leaders in the mining industry, especially small mines where resources are scarce, to apply the zero harm framework in such a way that the drive towards a zero harm safety culture becomes a reality. When considering implementing the zero harm safety framework in any mining company, irrespective of its size, a successful safety culture can be accomplished realistically within three to five. This paper also provides a series of recommendations to help implement this framework.
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Caster, Ola. "Mining the WHO Drug Safety Database Using Lasso Logistic Regression." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Mathematics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-120981.
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Jadoon, Khan Gul. "Standards of safety in the underground coal mining industry of Pakistan." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260747.
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Motswadire, Doctor. "A valuation of leadership traits for sustainable safety improvements in mining." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/59888.
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South Africa has the trilemma of stagnating economic growth, growing economic inequality and persistent socio-economic exclusion (Corrigan, 2016). The interplay between these factors underlines the importance of pragmatism when setting, monitoring and evaluating small business policy in this dynamic. The primary research objective of this study was to evaluate the South African small business policy to assess shortcomings and areas for improvement. Based on the research process followed, data collected and analysed, the null hypotheses H20, H30, H40, H60, H70, H80 were accepted and the alternate hypotheses H1A, H5A were partially accepted. This study is significant as it proves that the small business policy does not address the needs and expectations of start-up and established business owners. Regardless, small businesses tend to start and operate with or without policies in place but currently do so sub optimally thereby not reducing unemployment or generating economic growth. Finally, this study confirms the importance and value of policies that can effectively assist with contributing to business venture survival, growth, success and longevity. Government should continue to actively cultivate entrepreneurship especially among vulnerable groups. With the correct interventions in place, the opportunities for poverty alleviation, social justice and inclusive economic development can be realised.Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
vn2017
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
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Tusing, Donald S. "Modular track panels for improved safety in the mining transportation industry." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2853.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 158 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 141).
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Widger, Ian Roy. "Improvements of high pressure water sprays used for coal dust extraction in mine safety." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386033.
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Veldman, Kirmar Adriaan. "A focussed approach towards safety in support of coal mining operations in the South African coal mining industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/978.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African Mining industry has had a poor safety performance over the past couple of years, which led to a lot of questions being asked about how effective mining operations are managed. Numerous concerns and opinions have been raised on the reasons why no improvement is seen in organisations’ safety trends. The general concern in the mining industry is that safety and operations are managed as separate entities and not as an integrated unit. Besides the perception of operational issues that are managed more diligently than safety issues, the associated competency levels of line personnel are also questioned. Safety management systems in mining organisations are also under the spotlight in respect of quality, effective application and a positive contribution in preventing accidents and incidents. A more intensified focus on safety is required by the respective mining houses. The main contributing factors that lead to accidents and incidents need to be determined. The possible reasons for the unsatisfactory safety results can be divided into controllable and uncontrollable elements when seen from a safety perspective. The controllable elements are all possible reasons for why a safety management system is not working. There might also be different contributors to poor safety performance but these are definitely underlying to the main reasons identified. The influence of human behaviour on accidents as well as the considered organisation safety system is essential in safety management. Human behaviour is a function of the characteristics of both the person and the environment. Individuals bring elements to the organisational setting, including abilities, personal beliefs, expectations and past experiences. The environment provided by an organisation has a number of features: jobs, relationships between people, work that needs to be done, rewards available to individuals, and so on. Behaviour results from the interaction of individual and organisational characteristics. The behaviour of humans and the understanding thereof will be a science in its own right. To prevent incidents, one should know their causes. As Louis Pasteur put it, over 100 years ago: “All things are hidden obscure and debatable if the cause of the phenomena be unknown, but everything is clear if the cause be known.”
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse mynboubedryf presteer die afgelope aantal jaar swak wat betref veiligheidsbestuur en ʼn hele aantal vrae word gevra oor hoe effektief mynbouoperasies bestuur word. Verskeie besorgdhede en opinies is gelug oor die moontlike redes waarom daar geen verbetering in ondernemings se veiligheidsindekse ervaar word nie. Die algemene bekommernis in die mynboubedryf is dat veiligheid en operasionele verantwoordelikhede afsonderlik bestuur word en nie as ʼn geïntegreerde eenheid nie. Afgesien van die persepsie dat operasionele uitdagings meer doelgerig bestuur word as veiligheid, word die gepaardgaande bevoegdheidsvlakke van lynpersoneel ook bevraagteken. Veiligheidsbestuurstelsels in mynbouondernemings is ook onder verdenking wat betref gehalte, effektiewe toepassing en ’n positiewe bydrae ten opsigte van ondersteuning en voorkoming van insidente en ongelukke. ʼn Meer intense fokus op veiligheid word benodig by die onderskeie mynhuise. Die belangrikste bydraende faktore wat tot ongelukke en insidente lei, moet bepaal word. Die moontlike redes vir onbevredigende veiligheidsresultate kan verdeel word in beheerbare en onbeheerbare elemente wanneer gesien vanuit ʼn veiligheidsperspektief. Die beheerbare elemente is moontlike redes waarom ʼn veiligheidbestuurstelsel nie werk nie. Daar kan moontlik ook ander bydraende faktore wees tot ʼn swak veiligheidsprestasie maar dit is definitief onderliggend tot die hoofredes soos geïdentifiseer. Die invloed van menslike gedrag op ongelukke sowel as die inaggenome veiligheidstelsel van die organisasie is essensieel by veiligheidsbestuur. Menslike gedrag is ʼn funksie van die eienskappe van beide die persoon en die omgewing. Individue bring sekere elemente na die organisatoriese opset wat vermoëns, persoonlike oortuigings, verwagtings en ondervinding insluit. Die omgewing geskep deur organisasies behels ʼn aantal elemente: werksomskrywing, verhoudings tussen mense, werk wat gedoen moet word, vergoeding van individue, ens. Gedrag is die resultaat van die interaksie tussen individue en die kenmerke van die organisasie. Die gedrag van mense en begrip daarvan sal ʼn wetenskap in eie reg bly. Om insidente te verhoed, moet die oorsake bekend wees. Soos Louis Pasteur dit meer as 100 jaar gelede gestel het: “All things are hidden obscure and debatable if the cause of the phenomena be unknown, but everything is clear if the cause be known.”
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Prinsloo, Hayley. "Organisational culture, safety climate, supervisory accountability and engagement as drivers of safety behaviour in a platinum mining organisation." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79643.
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The mining industry plays a significant role in the South African economy. In 2019, the sector contributed R360.9 billion (8.1%) to the total gross domestic product (Minerals Council South Africa, 2020). With almost half a million employees reporting to work in the South African mining industry each day, a relentless commitment to safety and health compliance is required to manage the inherent risks and hazards associated with the sector.
Previous research has shown that frontline supervisors have a direct impact on the safety behaviour of individuals and that their leadership significantly influences team safety performance. The objectives of this study sought to contribute to the body of research on organisational culture, frontline supervisory engagement and accountability as levers for enhancing organisational performance and creating sustainable competitive advantage through resilient safety behaviour.
Quantitative, confirmatory research methods were used to gain insights into the effect of organisational culture and safety climate on safety behaviour, while examining the influencing effects of frontline supervisory engagement and accountability on safety behaviour in the process division of a single platinum mining organisation in South Africa. A total of 104 survey based responses from frontline supervisors were analysed using factor analysis and multiple regression tactics.
The key findings indicate that the tendency of a supervisor to hold herself and her team accountable is positively correlated to good safety behaviour, and is the strongest predictor of safety behaviour when considering safety climate and supervisory engagement and supervisory accountability. Furthermore, safety climate was found to be a significant contributor to safety behaviour. All three organisational culture factors – organisational practices, supervisory support and work attributes – were found to be strong predictors of safety climate, with only work attributes contributing to predicting supervisory accountability. These results indicate a significant influence between organisational culture, safety climate, supervisory accountability and safety behaviour. Supervisory engagement, although found to be positively correlated, was not a statistically significant predictor of safety behaviour. The findings from this research add to the literature on safety behaviour, frontline supervisory behaviours and organisational culture.Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
pt2021
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
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Ren, Ting Xiang. "A knowledge based system for the assessment of the spontaneous combustion of coal." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334987.
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Jiang, Lu. "Advanced imaging and data mining technologies for medical and food safety applications." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9862.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.Thesis research directed by: Fischell Dept. of Bioengineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Worlikar, Poonam. "An Interactive Digital Manual For Safety Around Conveyor Belts In Surface Mining." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33074.
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Belt conveyor accidents are mainly attributed to negligence of safety procedures during maintenance work. Entanglement, falling from heights, & collapse of structure or loose materials are the main cause of accidents. While performing maintenance tasks such as cleaning, installation and repair, belt alignment and so on (Lucas et. al. 2007). Current industry safety programs provide general guidelines for safety training, but do not require any specific training program structure (Shultz, 2002 and Shultz, 2003). For example MSHA (Mine Safety and Health Administration) only requires 24 hours of training. Typically this training is broken down into four hours of training before the employee starts work, the remaining 20 hours has to be performed within the first sixty days of work (Goldbeck, 2003). The information collected through site visits showed that in addition to completing MSHA safety training requirements companies try to reinforce safety issues through daily and weekly safety meetings on job sites. Due to lack of a required safety training structure, every company is independent in terms of their training format that they follow to train their new and experienced work force. As a result, safety engineers depend heavily on in-house safety programs (e.g. audio-video presentations) to deliver the required training hours specified by MSHA for miners.
Based on a review of current training methods this research identifies four problems; existing training methods to educate miners about dangers involved in conveyor belt environments are mainly passive, safety related information in scattered in various media such as images, videos, paper manuals, etc., access to information in current format is difficult, and updating information is difficult.
This research addressed these identified problems by devising a new approach of learning to augment existing methods of training and evaluate the potential of this concept as a safety-training tool. Research has shown that individuals have their own learning style in which they can increase their retention and stimulate their cognitive learning. The proposed work addresses issues relative to passive vs. active learning and classroom-based vs. self-paced training by developing and implementing an interactive multimedia-based safety-training tool called the Digital Safety Manual (DSM). After the DSM was developed it was put through a series of usability evaluation and subjective analysis to measure the potential of the concept. The evaluation and subjective analysis involved both the novice and expert users.
The results that were yield after the evaluations and subjective analysis shows that the DSM has more learning advantages than the typical training methods and it can be used as a supplementary training method to complement the current approaches of training.
Master of Science
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Mabika, Bernard. "Improving Workers' Safety and Health in the Zimbabwean Mining and Quarrying Industry." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5499.
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Lack of effective occupational safety and health (OSH) strategies is a reason that
workplace accidents in the mining and quarrying industry remain high, making the
industry one of the riskiest operations worldwide. The purpose of this multiple case study
was to explore successful strategies mining and quarrying leaders in Zimbabwe used to
improve OSH. The key research question addressed successful strategies leaders in the
mining and quarrying industry use to improve employee occupational safety and health in
Zimbabwe. Six successful business leaders from 3 mining and quarrying mines in
Zimbabwe demonstrated an exception to unsafe practices, particularly through their
exceptional OSH improvement records. The conceptual framework of the study was
Deming's plan-do-study-act cycle theory. Data were gathered through review of
company documents, and in-depth interviews with 6 mining and quarrying leaders in
Zimbabwe who had successfully improved OSH strategies in the workplace. Transcribed
interview data were classified, coded, and analyzed. Themes that emerged included
organizational culture, compliance with rules and regulations, and accident prevention.
The results of the study indicate that successful OSH leaders designed the workplace,
trained and developed employees, and empowered and equipped employees with the
relevant skills and knowledge. The findings support positive social change by providing
mining and quarrying leaders with knowledge and skills to improve OSH strategies in the
workplace, thereby promoting a safe workplace and zero accident tolerance in the
workforce and the community.
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Holmer, Matthew S. "Structural analysis and design of seals for coal mine safety." Thesis, Mississippi State University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10100352.
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This research shows that worst-case methane-air detonation loading on coal mine seals could be more severe than the design loads required by federal regulations, and therefore mine seals should be designed with sufficient ductility beyond the elastic regime. For this study, reinforced concrete mine seals were designed according to traditional protective structural design methods to meet the federal regulation requirements, and then the response to worst-case loads was analyzed in a single-degree- of-freedom model. Coal mine seals designed to resist the regulation loads elastically experienced support rotations up to 4.27 deg when analyzed with the worst-case loads. The analysis showed that coal mine seals designed to satisfy the federal regulations can survive worst-case methane-air detonations if they have sufficient ductility, but will undergo permanent, inelastic deformation.
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Gray, Michael David Thomas Robert Evans. "Data mining medication administration incident data to identify opportunities for improving patient safety." Auburn, Ala., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1998.
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Hamersma, H. A. (Herman Adendorff). "Longitudinal vehicle dynamics control for improved vehicle safety." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40829.
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An autonomous vehicle is a vehicle that is capable of navigating and driving with no human intervention whatsoever through the utilization of various sensors and positioning systems. The possible applications of autonomous vehicles are widespread, ranging from the aerospace industry to the mining and military sectors where the exposure of human operators to the operating conditions is hazardous to their health and safety. Automobile accidents have become the leading cause of death in certain segments of the world population. Removing the human driver from the decision-making process through automation may result in significantly safer highways. Although full autonomy may be the ultimate goal, there is huge scope for systems that aid the driver in decision making or systems that take over from the driver under conditions where the human driver fails.
The aim of the longitudinal control system to be implemented on the Land Rover test vehicle in this study is to improve the vehicle’s safety by controlling the vehicle’s longitudinal behaviour. A common problem with sports-utility-vehicles is the low rollover threshold, due to a high centre of gravity. Rather than modifying the vehicle to increase the rollover threshold, the aim of the control system presented here is to prevent the vehicle from exceeding speeds that would cause the vehicle to reach its rollover threshold.
In order to develop a control system that autonomously controls the longitudinal degree of freedom, a model of the test vehicle (a 1997 Land Rover Defender 110 Wagon) was developed in MSC.ADAMS/View and validated experimentally. The model accurately captures the response of the test vehicle to supply forces as generated by the engine and demand forces applied through drag, braking and engine braking. Furthermore, the model has been validated experimentally to provide reliable simulation results for lateral and vertical dynamics.
The control system was developed by generating a reference speed that the vehicle must track. This reference speed was formulated by taking into account the vehicle’s limits due to lateral acceleration, combined lateral and longitudinal acceleration and the vehicle’s performance capabilities. The control system generates the desired throttle pedal position, hydraulic pressure in the brake lines, clutch position and gear selection as output. The MSC.ADAMS\View model of the test vehicle was used to evaluate the performance of the control system on various racetracks of which the GPS coordinates were available. The simulation results indicate that the control system performs as expected.
Finally, the control system was implemented on the test vehicle and the performance was evaluated by conducting field tests in the form of a severe double lane change manoeuvre. The results of the field tests indicated that the control system limited the acceleration vector of the vehicle’s centre of gravity to prescribed limits, as predicted by the simulation results.Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering
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Salap, Seda. "Development Of A Gis-based Monitoring And Management System For Underground Mining Safety." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609815/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Mine safety is of paramount concern to the mining industry. The generation of a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) which can administrate relevant spatial data and metadata of underground mining safety efficiently is a very vital issue in this sense. In an effort to achieve a balance of safety and productivity, GIS can contribute to the creation of a safe working environment in underground (U/G) mining. Such a system should serve to a continuous risk analysis and be designed for applications in case of emergency. Concept for safety should require three fundamental components, namely (i) constructive safety(ii) surveillance and maintenance
and (iii) emergency. The implementation has to be carried out in a Web-Based Geographic Information System. The process comprises first the safety concept as the application domain model and then a conceptual model was generated in terms of Entity- Relationship Diagrams. After the implementation of the logical model a user interface was developed and GIS was tested. Finally, one should deal with the question if it is possible to extend the method of resolution used to a national GIS infrastructure.
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Carr, T. L. "A study of innovation and the management of safety in the mining industry." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292252.
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Chakraborti, Shibani. "The Influence of Safety and Health Representatives in the Western Australian Mining Industries." Thesis, Curtin University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/70665.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research was to identify what influence and support Safety and Health Representatives had in the Western Australian mining industries to facilitate the achievement of a high standard of workplace safety. A hermeneutic phenomenological approach was used to conduct this qualitative research. Results identified that management support was the most important factor for the work of Safety and Health Representatives to be effective. Findings will be used to improve OSH legislation.
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Martin, Andrew. "The harmonisation of Australian mining work health and safety laws achievements to date." Thesis, Martin, Andrew (2012) The harmonisation of Australian mining work health and safety laws achievements to date. Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2012. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/41675/.
Full textAbstract:
In the 1970’s Lord Robens chaired a United Kingdom committee which produced a highly influential report titled Safety and Health at Work. This report simultaneously recognised the increasing importance of safety and health at work, in response to changing community attitudes and expectations, while also aiming to reduce the administrative cost burden posed by the same. Into the 1980’s each Australian state and territory enacted work health and safety legislation which aimed to put these ‘Robens’ principles’ into practice. However, this was largely done in isolation and so almost as soon as the ink was dry, attempts to make this this resulting legislation more similar and less disparate by harmonising the legislation began across the Australian Commonwealth. Aimed at both mine and general work health and safety, these attempts have largely been unsuccessful with respect to mine work health and safety. This is the case even though uniform or identical legislation has not been attempted, rather just harmonised legislation.
Notwithstanding the potential economic benefit to Australia, given the long history of attempted harmonisation of Australian mine work health and safety legislation, achieved this result is clearly a major challenge. This paper will attempt to explain why this is so, while also analysing in some detail the current state of Australian mine work health and safety legislation nationally. This will be done by theoretical analysis of the respective state legislation as well as by practical case study, where fictional scenarios of potential mine health and safety legislative issues will be analysed. This will allow the current state of national harmonisation to be accurately determined.
The author of this paper is an appointed Inspector of Mines and professionally qualified electrical engineer with the Western Australian Department of Mines and Petroleum. Notwithstanding, only publically available information has been accessed for this paper and any opinions expressed herein are solely that of the author in a personal capacity.
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Київ, Вікторія Олегівна. "Environmental Impact Assessment when Building Materials Open Mining." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/49659.
Full textAbstract:
Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 21.01.2020 р. №008/од "Про перевірку кваліфікаційних робіт на академічний плагіат у 2019-2020 навчальному році". Керівник проекту: доцент, к. геол.-мін. н. Дудар Тамара Вікторівна.Object of research – Horodenkivske deposit of brick raw materials in Ivano-Frankivsk region, as a threat to the ecology of society, mining industry. Aim оf work – assessment of technogenic loads and the analysis of ecological safety. Mehods of research: estimation by type and amount of expected waste, emissions (discharges), water, air, soil and subsoil pollution, noise, vibration, light, heat and radiation pollution, as well as radiation resulting from preparatory and construction work and planned activities.
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Київ, Вікторія Олегівна. "Environmental Impact Assessment when Building Materials Open Mining." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/43484.
Full textAbstract:
Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 21.01.2020 р. №008/од "Про перевірку кваліфікаційних робіт на академічний плагіат у 2019-2020 навчальному році". Керівник проекту: доцент, к. геол.-мін. н. Дудар Тамара Вікторівна.Object of research – Horodenkivske deposit of brick raw materials in Ivano-Frankivsk region, as a threat to the ecology of society, mining industry. Aim оf work – assessment of technogenic loads and the analysis of ecological safety. Mehods of research: estimation by type and amount of expected waste, emissions (discharges), water, air, soil and subsoil pollution, noise, vibration, light, heat and radiation pollution, as well as radiation resulting from preparatory and construction work and planned activities.
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Naidoo, Kumendrie. "Considerations for stope gully stability in gold and platinum mines in South Africa." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2001. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11302005-123445/.
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Alberto, Zeka. "The impact of the Namibian 1992 Labour Act on health and safety regulation in the Namibian industry." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/62550.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation attempts to bring clarity and certainty in respect of the regulation of the health
and safety aspect within the Namibian mining Industry. At the moment, there is lack of legal
clarity in Namibia as to which set of laws or regulations applies to the mining industry in so far
as health and safety of employees within the extractive industry is concerned therefore making
it difficult for the industry to comply or comprehend its legal obligations. The absence of legal
clarity culminated into uncertainty over which state functionaries are entrusted with the
responsibility to regulate the health and safety aspect of mining in Namibia.
It is observed that the uncertainty which prevails in the Namibian mining industry as to which
laws or regulations are applicable in respect of health and safety of employees at work is
attributed to and aggravated by the misconception of the Ministry of Mines and Energy which
fails comprehend its role due to lack of proper legal advice and thereby assuming status quo.
This research has found that Ordinance 20 of 1968 and its regulations were repealed to the
extent that it dealt with health and safety of employees on mines and consequently the
regulations of 1968 do not find application in Namibia since 1 November 1992.
This paper further reveals or identifies the Health and Safety Regulations on the Health and
Safety of Employees at Work made under Labour Act 6 of 1992 as the applicable law in this
regard notwithstanding the fact that the assignment of the administration of functions under
the Health and Safety regulations, is vague and contributes to the uncertainty instead of
ameliorating the situation.
The ordinance continues to be implemented by the ministry as if it is still applicable and very
little is actually implemented under the 2007 Labour Act. Therefore, one can clearly say that in
the absence of a new regulatory regime which introduces substantial change, there is nothing to
measure against unless the Labour Act Regulations are properly assigned with post assignment
directives.Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Public Law
LLM
Unrestricted
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Hickman, Jeffrey Scott. "A Comparison of Feedforward versus Feedback Interventions for Safety Self-Management in Mining Operations." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31931.
Full textAbstract:
This quasi-experimental field study examined the efficacy of a safety self-management intervention to increase safety-related work practices in mining operations. A total of 15 male miners participated in the study while engaging in their normal work practices at the Virginia Tech Quarry, located in Blacksburg, Virginia. The study had two groups, Feedforward (n=8)--participants self-recorded their intentions to engage in specific percentages of safety-related work behaviors before starting their shift for the day, and Feedback (n=7)--participants self-recorded their percentages of safety-related work behaviors after their shift for the day.
After a seven-week Baseline, miners participated in a safety training presentation. Immediately following this training, participants from each group were instructed to complete one self-monitoring form each day on their self-intentions (Feedforward) or actual (Feedback) safety performance for four weeks. Participants were paid $1.00 for each completed self-monitoring form. All completed forms were entered into a raffle for a cash prize of $50.00 at the end of the Intervention phase. During Withdrawal (four weeks) miners did not complete any self-monitoring forms.
Trained research assistants made a total of 10, 905 obtrusive behavioral observations on three target behaviors (ear plugs, dust mask, and safety glasses) and five non-target behaviors (gloves, hard hat, boots, knee position during lifts, body position during lifts) across phases. Results showed the safety self-management intervention significantly increased safety performance across both target and non-target behaviors during the Intervention phase.Master of Science
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Renfrew, Alexander. "Mechanisation and the miner : work, safety and labour relations in the Scottish coal industry, c. 1890-1939." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1997. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21369.
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The aim of this research is to fill the gap in the current historiography of the labour process and industrial relations on the impact of new technology on the work process. Invariably, when considering mechanisation in the coal industry, the existing literature usually glosses over the topic referring to the numbers of machines in use and the percentage of output produced. Little in-depth research has been undertaken into the way these new processes changed the work of the miner, the effect on safety undergroundand the effects that these innovations had on labour relations in the industry. The thesis probes the way mechanisation affected the work of the miner. Consideration is given to deskilling, loss of control at the point of production, intensification of the work process and employment. The findings show that although some mineworkers increased their skills the vast majority experienced a downgrading in skill. Employers used new technology to erode the control miners had in the mines. Mechanisation led to an intensification of work effort. Mechanisation proved a doubled-edged sword for employment opportunities. Employment increased in the earlier period, but the move to mechanical conveying in the inter-war years had the opposite effect on job opportunities. Regarding mine safety the evidence indicates that mechanisation led to an increase in the risk of death and injury for Scottish mineworkers. New technology also impacted on industrial relations. Mines, which were highly mechanised generally witnessed a high degree of industrial unrest. It is not suggested that mechanisation was a direct cause of conflict but it has been demonstrated that it did produce potential grievances which may have been translated into industrial conflict.
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Jebb, Sarah E. "Reducing workplace safety incidents : bridging the gap between safety culture theory and practice." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/81626/1/Sarah_Jebb_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis explored safety culture in a large Australasian construction and mining organisation, with a view to understanding how theory and practice can be integrated to improve safety culture and related outcomes within the industry. The research comprised three studies that investigated the relationship between safety culture, safety motivation, leadership and safety behaviour, and examined differences in perceptions of safety culture across the organisation. Research methodologies and samples included a modified Delphi method with safety leaders (n=41), a quantitative survey with a cross-section of the organisation (n=2,957), and group interviews with frontline supervisors and workers (n=29).
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Christenson, Kenneth A. "Implementation of a behavior based safety system for the Optical Systems Division at Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company Menomonie, Wisconsin." Online version, 2000. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2000/2000christensonk.pdf.
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Bishop, Richard. "Applications of Close-Range Terrestrial 3D Photogrammetry to Improve Safety in Underground Stone Mines." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/98920.
Full textAbstract:
The underground limestone mining industry is a small, but growing segment of the U.S. crushed stone industry. However, its fatality rate has been amongst the highest of the mining sector in recent years due to ground control issues related to ground collapses. It is therefore important to improve the engineering design, monitoring and visualization of ground control by utilizing new technologies that can help an underground limestone company maintain a safe and productive operation.
Photogrammetry and laser scanning are remote sensing technologies that are useful tools for collecting three-dimensional spatial data with high levels of precision for many types of mining applications. Due to the reality of budget constraints for many underground stone mining operations, this research concentrates on photogrammetry as a more accessible technology for the average operation. Despite the challenging lighting conditions and size of underground limestone mines that has previous hindered photogrammetric surveys in these environments, over 13,000 photographic images were taken over a 3-year period in active mines to compile these models. This research summarizes that work and highlights the many applications of terrestrial close-range photogrammetry, including practical methodologies for implementing the techniques in working operations to better visualize hazards and pragmatic approaches for geotechnical analysis, improved engineering design and monitoring.M.S.
The underground limestone mining industry is a small, but growing segment of the U.S. crushed stone industry. However, its fatality rate has been amongst the highest of the mining sector in recent years due to ground control issues related to ground collapses. It is therefore important to improve the engineering design, monitoring and visualization of ground control by utilizing new technologies that can help maintain safe and productive underground stone operations. Photogrammetry and laser scanning are remote sensing technologies that are useful tools for collecting three-dimensional spatial data with high levels of precision for many different mining applications. Due to the reality of budget constraints for many mining operations, this research concentrates on photogrammetry as a more accessible technology for the average operation, despite the challenging lighting conditions and expansive size of underground limestone mines that has previous hindered photogrammetric surveys in these environments. This research focuses on the applications of photogrammetry in underground stone mines and practical methodologies for implementing the techniques in working operations to better visualize hazards for improved engineering design and infrastructure management.
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Cook, Patrick Michael. "A study of safety management in the coal mining industry of South Africa with particular reference to explosions." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250656.
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Mikkelsen, Hans Tore. "Framework Factors with Critical Influence on Safety, Health and Environment in the Mining Industry." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for geologi og bergteknikk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-17664.
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Ham, Bruce W. "The role of the health surveillance program in the Queensland coal mining industry." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36768/1/36768_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The Queensland Coal Industry Employees Health Scheme was implemented in 1993 to provide health surveillance for all Queensland coal industry workers. Tt1e government,
mining employers and mining unions agreed that the scheme should operate for seven years. At the expiry of the scheme, an assessment of the contribution of health
surveillance to meet coal industry needs would be an essential part of determining a future health surveillance program. This research project has analysed the data made
available between 1993 and 1998. All current coal industry employees have had at least one health assessment. The project examined how the centralised nature of the Health
Scheme benefits industry by identi~)jng key health issues and exploring their dimensions on a scale not possible by corporate based health surveillance programs.
There is a body of evidence that indicates that health awareness - on the scale of the individual, the work group and the industry is not a part of the mining industry culture. There is also growing evidence that there is a need for this culture to change and that some change is in progress. One element of this changing culture is a growth in the interest by the individual and the community in information on health status and benchmarks that are reasonably attainable. This interest opens the way for health education which contains personal, community and occupational elements. An important element
of such education is the data on mine site health status. This project examined the role of health surveillance in the coal mining industry as a tool for generating the necessary information to promote an interest in health awareness. The Health Scheme Database provides the material for the bulk of the analysis of this project. After a preliminary scan of the data set, more detailed analysis was undertaken on key health and related safety issues that include respiratory disorders, hearing loss and
high blood pressure. The data set facilitates control for confounding factors such as age and smoking status. Mines can be benchmarked to identify those mines with effective
health management and those with particular challenges.
While the study has confirmed the very low prevalence of restrictive airway disease such as pneu"moconiosis, it has demonstrated a need to examine in detail the emergence of
obstructive airway disease such as bronchitis and emphysema which may be a consequence of the increasing use of high dust longwall technology. The power of the Health Database's electronic data management is demonstrated by linking the health data to other data sets such as injury data that is collected by the Department of l\1mes and
Energy. The analysis examines serious strain -sprain injuries and has identified a marked difference between the underground and open cut sectors of the industry. The
analysis also considers productivity and OHS data to examine the extent to which there is correlation between any pairs ofJpese and previously analysed health parameters.
This project has demonstrated that the current structure of the Coal Industry Employees Health Scheme has largely delivered to mines and effective health screening process. At the same time, the centralised nature of data collection and analysis has provided to the mines, the unions and the government substantial statistical cross-sectional data upon
which strategies to more effectively manage health and relates safety issues can be based.
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Strömbom, Sandra. "Strengthening the safety culture by an innovative project : A change project in the mining industry." Thesis, KTH, Medicinteknik och hälsosystem, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-263747.
Full textAbstract:
Strengthening the safety culture with the aim to build safe and healthy workplaces is in focus for many organizations. Safety and health is affected by various factors as for example systematic safety management, management focus, an informed culture, participation, involvement, social processes and empowerment. The studied mining company Boliden have had an extensive safety culture project at one of the units, the concentrator in Garpenberg. The aim of this study was to find out what activities and methods the unit has implemented and which of these that seem to have the greatest influence on improving the safety culture. There are few studies giving managers and organizations more of practical guidance and previous studies of safety culture in the mining industry is also rare. This qualitative study was conducted through analysis of company documents, participative observation and interviews. The result showed employees perception of a strengthened safety culture with changed safety behaviours, ownership in the organization, confidence to give feedback and entrepreneurs on track with safety. The project was also perceived to have led to stress in the organization, with lack of resources partly affected by the time taken to participate. The accident rate has also been decreased, from several accidents with absence per year, to 490 days without accidents with absence. The result also showed that the most influential factors seems to be the safety and health management system that is fully integrated with production and quality, the visualization on whiteboards, the daily steering meetings and the communication coming from them, the management clear safety focus, the unit’s teamwork with behaviours and values and the broad and continuing participation. Improvement suggestions from the interviewees were both more standardization and instructions but also that too detailed instructions are perceived negative, the analyse is that it can hinder creativity. Other suggestions were stepwise implementation and a wish for more time to stabilize the result of the project. A conclusion from the study is that the safety culture project seems to have made a great effect at the unit, strengthening the safety culture. An overall conclusion is that the unit seems to have both a system and a cultural approach, with the somewhat unique and innovative health and safety management system that govern for a systematic and sustainable way of working, with integrated reminders of safety behaviours. This may be the core affecting factor of what seems to have been a very successful project.Att stärka säkerhetskulturen med målet att bygga säkra och hälsosamma arbetsplatser är i fokus för många organisationer. Säkerhet och hälsa påverkas av olika faktorer som till exempel systematisk säkerhetsarbete, fokus hos chefer och ledare, en informerad kultur, delaktighet, involvering, sociala processer och delegerat ansvar. Det studerade gruvbolaget Boliden har haft ett omfattande säkerhetskulturprojekt på en av enheterna, anrikningsverket i Garpenberg. Syftet med denna studie var att ta reda på vilka aktiviteter och metoder som enheten har genomfört och vilka av dessa som verkar ha störst påverkan på en förstärkt säkerhetskultur. Det finns få studier som ger chefer och organisationer mer av en praktisk vägledning och tidigare studier av säkerhetskultur i gruvindustrin är också sällsynta. Denna kvalitativa studie genomfördes med analys av företagsdokument, deltagande observationer och intervjuer. Resultatet visade medarbetarnas upplevelse kring en stärkt säkerhetskultur med förändrade säkerhetsbeteenden, ägarskap i organisationen, trygghet att ge feedback och att entreprenörerna medverkar i säkerhetsarbetet. Projektet uppfattas också ha lett till stress i organisationen, med brist på resurser som delvis påverkas av den tid det tar att vara delaktig. Olycksstatistiken har också minskat, från flera olyckor med frånvaro per år, till 490 dagar utan olyckor med frånvaro. Resultatet visade också att de mest påverkande faktorerna verkar vara arbetsmiljöledningssystemet som är fullt integrerat med produktion och kvalitet, visualiseringen på whiteboards, de dagliga styrmötena och kommunikationen runt dessa, ledningens tydliga säkerhetsfokus, arbetet i grupperna kring beteenden och värderingar samt den breda och löpande delaktigheten. Förbättringsförslag från de intervjuade var både mer standardisering och instruktioner men också att för mycket detaljerade instruktioner upplevs negativt och kan minska den egna kreativiteten. Andra förslag var att gradvis implementera förändringarna och också en önskan om mer tid att stabilisera resultatet av projektet. En slutsats från studien är att säkerhetskulturprojektet verkar ha gjort stor effekt på enheten och stärkt säkerhetskulturen. En övergripande slutsats är att enheten har både ett system- och ett kulturellt angreppssätt, med det något unika och innovativa arbetsmiljöledningssystemet som ger ett systematiskt och hållbart sätt att arbeta med integrerade påminnelser om säkerhetsbeteenden. Detta kan vara det som haft störst bidrag till vad som verkar ha varit ett mycket framgångsrikt projekt.
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Mate, Joseph E. "Mining task analysis: Mechanical and metabolic considerations in a deep Canadian mechanized mine." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27886.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose. The objective of this thesis was to examine work in mines. Specifically, part #1 performed in-situ time/motion analyses of common mining jobs and part #2 analyzed in-situ energy expenditures while working in a mine. Methodology. Part #1- task and sub-task duration and subjective work intensity were investigated for thirty eight subjects from six different mining jobs. These jobs were then organized into 4 groups for statistical analysis based on precedence: Group 1 (Bolting & Screening (attaching steel mesh to walls and ceiling), Group 2 (Conventional Mining (using a hand-held drilling carriage to drills holes in rock walls and ceiling)), Group 3 (Support Services (mechanic, welder, pipe layer)), Group 4 (Production Drill (using a machine mounted drilling unit), Scooptram(TM) (ore transport with no air conditioner), Shotcrete (concrete applied by spraying)). Part #2- In-situ metabolic energy expenditures were estimated through indirect open circuit calorimetry and deep tissue and skin temperatures were measured for those same groups. Results. Part #1- twenty three common mining tasks were identified with differences identified between various group for time and intensity. Part #2- metabolic requirements between groups were similar with one difference identified between groups 3 and 4 (P < 0.05). Deep tissue and skin temperatures did not change significantly through the course of a work day. Conclusion. Part #1- a variety of tasks is performed by each group and there is no uniform work protocol. Part #2- each mining group's metabolic energy expenditure requirements to perform various mining tasks are similar.
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Johnston, Glen Harvey George. "Evaluation of radiation and dust hazards associated with mineral sand processing." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1988. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/35942/1/35942_Johnston_1988.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Possible health hazards have been investigated in a mineral sand processing plant to determine the risks to workers contributed by four principal sources:
(i) External gamma radiation ii) Inhaled radioactivity in airborne dust particles (iii) Inhaled activity from airborne radon and radon daughter isotopes
(iv) Respirable free silica Gamma radiation surveys of the plant working environs using
a portable survey meter indicated possible exposure rates
ranging from 70 nSv h-1 to a maximum of 50 μsv h- 1 (near a large pile of monazite sand). The average exposure rate was 400 nSv h-1 • Assuming 100% worker occupancy time under this average rate, then a possible gamma radiation dose of 1 mSv could be received in one working year (2000 hours exposure). Airborne dust sampling in the dry mill of the process plant comprising samples obtained from a portable personal air sampler, stationary high volume samples and cascade impactor samples indicated an average gross alpha-activity or concentration range of 0.02 to 0.16 Bq m-3 (average = .07 Bq m-3 ), with an average activity median aerodynamic diameter (AMAD) of 3.2μm and an activity ratio of 2.4(± 0.4) activity air concentration value average thorium/uranium
1. The average alpha is about 12% of the
recommended derived air concentration limit.
Airborne radon-222 gas released from mineral sand products as detected using solid state nuclear track detectors (CR- 9 plastic). Gas concentrations in the dry mill were found to range from 30 to 220 Bq m~ (average= 35 ± 15 Bq m-3 ). Compared to an equilibrium equivalent recommended limit of
1500 Bq m-3 (International Commission on Radiological
Protection), the average radon-222 concentration is some 2% of the limit. X-ray diffraction measurements on eleven (11) samples of respirable dust revealed four (4) samples having quartz concentrations exceeding the recommended limits. The average percent quartz content in the plant was determined to (by mass) of airborne dust
be (22 + 7)%, with an average quartz mass concentration of 0.8 ± 0.5 mg m-3 •
This may be compared with a mass concentration limit of
0.93 mg m-3 > which places the average quartz concentration
at 86 % of the limit.
Respirable dust in the plant is the chief source of hazard from both a radiological and non-radiological standpoint. General recommendations for reduction of risk include: (i) Reduction of dust from the working environment (possibly enclosing and ventilating dust
producing machinery); (ii) Wearing of efficient respiratory protection apparatus by workers;
(iii)Reduction of worker occupancy time in dust
affected areas.
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Kochmar, I., V. Karabyn, and K. Stepova. "COPPER IN COAL MINING PRODUCTS OF VIZEYSKA LVIVVOLYN COAL BASIN MINE: ECOLOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS." Thesis, National Technical University “Dnipro Polytechnic”, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/5131.
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Parkin, Raymond John Mining Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "The impact of legislation and other factors on the safety performance of Australian coal mines." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Mining Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43757.
Full textAbstract:
The theme of the thesis is to investigate the current safety paradigm in the Australian coal mining industry and establish if the safety performance is improving. The number of fatalities, serious bodily injuries and high potential injuries is unsatisfactory according to community standards. People are still being killed and there is little evidence of a sustained improvement trend over the last decade. Lost time injuries have reduced dramatically, but are now plateauing and over the last few years along with high potential injuries and other safety indicators are trending upwards. This research has found that hundreds of serious injuries are not being reported which would have a significant effect on safety indicators in the Industry. Fatigue and awareness issues as well as travel times to work are having a major impact on safety at work, which is particularly evident when employees are working 12-hour shifts. The rapid expansion of the mining industry has required the growing use of contractors, hence creating a more inexperienced workforce. Another significant finding is that there is a close association between the level of fatalities recorded and the growing use of contract labour in the industry. This research has demonstrated that the current approach to prosecution is counter productive, as it inhibits thorough safety investigation and creates a defensive rather than a proactive safety culture. This approach has resulted in unwillingness by companies to examine the root causes of accidents and incidents for the fear of being prosecuted. This research has shown there is a lack of trust between mining companies, the unions and the inspectorate. It has been stated that miners lives are at risk because of the shortage of Inspectors in Queensland and that the inspectorate was not meeting its compliance obligations. There is a "disconnect" between what mining companies aspire to achieve at the corporate level with their safety management systems and what is achieved at the coal face. The thesis has demonstrated that safety performance is deteriorating and in order to improve this situation recommendations have been made regarding prosecution, contractors, fatigue, safety and health management systems, hours of work, audits and remuneration for inspectors.
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Alenazi, Mounifah. "Toward Improved Traceability of Safety Requirements and State-Based Design Models." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1623168093414723.
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Douglas, Ian. "The Mining and Resource Contractors Safety Training Association (MARCSTA) and the efficacy of a generic occupational health and safety induction system when used across an industry." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/289.
Full textAbstract:
The Mining and Resource Contractors Safety Training Association (MARCSTA) developed a generic occupational health and safety (OHS) induction program that was first used by the metalliferous mining industry in Western Australia (WA) in 1996. Subsequently the mining industry in Tasmania has adopted the course and it has been on offer in that state since 2000. More than 150 000 trainees have attended the MARCSTA course to date (Gilroy, 2006). An empirical research study analysing data collected from a randomly selected group of 1 600 trainees who attended the course was conducted over a twelve month period. Furthermore historical OHS accident and injury data were analysed for the period prior to and after the introduction of the MARCSTA program.
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Biswas, Debashis. "An Algorithm for Mining Adverse-Event Datasets for Detection of Post Safety Concern of a Drug." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/17.
Full textAbstract:
Signal detection from Adverse Event Reports (AERs) is important for identifying and analysing drug safety concern after a drug has been released into the market. A safety signal is defined as a possible causal relation between an adverse event and a drug. There are a number of safety signal detection algorithms available for detecting drug safety concern. They compare the ratio of observed count to expected count to find instances of disproportionate reportings of an event for a drug or combination of events for a drug. In this thesis, we present an algorithm to mine the AERs to identify drugs which show sudden and large changes in patterns of reporting of adverse events. Unlike other algorithms, the proposed algorithm creates time series for each drug and use it to identify start of a potential safety problem. A novel vectorized timeseries utilizing multiple attributes has been proposed here. First a time series with a small time period was created; then to remove local variations of the number of reports in a time period, a time-window based averaging was done. This method helped to keep a relatively long time-series, but eliminated local variations. The steps in the algorithm include partitioning the counts on attribute values, creating a vector out of the partitioned counts for each time period, use of a sliding time window, normalizing the vectors and computing vector differences to find the changes in reporting over time. Weights have been assigned to attributes to highlight changes in the more significant attributes. The algorithm was tested with Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS) datasets from Food and Drug Administation (FDA). From AERS datasets the proposed algorithm identified five drugs that may have safety concern. After searching literature and the Internet it was found that the five drugs the algorithm identified, two were recalled, one was suspended, one had to undergo label change and the other one has a lawsuit pending against it.
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McLeod, Ashley. "The contribution of leadership behaviour in creating a safety conscious organisational culture : a case study of Anglo American mining operations." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/973.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the 20th century, many employees in the South African mining industry were involved in occupational accidents which either resulted in personal injury or had fatal consequences. Despite the introduction of numerous industrial safety programmes to prevent fatal incidents and minor injuries, the South African mining industry death toll remains consistently high, at approximately 200 employees per annum. The trend of employee injury and death continues unabated into the new millennium. This safety performance has been met with growing dissatisfaction in the ranks of government, worker unions, employees and business stakeholders. This dissatisfaction is directed at chief executives who are being blamed for the occupational accidents on their mines. There is now growing focus on the leadership of mining companies and how it contributes to shaping an organisational culture for improved safety performance. The researcher examines whether leadership is a key component in creating a safety conscious organisational culture, and uses literature studies and the Anglo American mining company as a practical case study to support the investigation. Anglo American, listed on the Johannesburg and London stock exchanges is the largest mining company in South Africa and also one in which many fatal injuries have occurred; providing an abundance of safety information. The researcher reviews previous literature studies and explains the journey Anglo American undertook to improve its safety performance since listing on the London Stock Exchange in 1999. The concepts of organisational culture, safety culture, leadership and organisational performance, are discussed from a theoretical and practical perspective using literature studies. These are then examined with the ultimate view of understanding their practical impact on organisational safety as espoused in the literature. The literature provides a broad framework on which to assess Anglo American's safety journey from 1999 to the end of 2007. This journey details the safety programmes and efforts employed by Anglo American to eliminate fatalities and injuries and also highlights the impact of the organisation's leadership on the safety performance of the company. It is concluded that the contribution of leadership is pivotal to establishing a safety-conscious organisational culture and that specific behaviours from executives, senior managers, middle managers, supervisors and workers are needed to develop an organisations safety culture for improved safety performance.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gedurende die 20ste eeu was baie werkers in die Suid-Afrikaanse mynbedryf betrokke in beroepsverwante ongelukke wat tot persoonlike beserings of lewensverlies gelei het. Ten spyte van die instelling van veelvuldige beroeps-veiligheidsprogramme om noodlottige insidente en ander minder ernstige beserings te voorkom, bly die dodetal in die Suid-Afrikaanse mynbedryf konstant hoog, teen ongeveer 200 werkers per jaar. Hierdie tendens van dood en beserings onder werkers gaan ongetem voort tot in die nuwe millennium. Hierdie veiligheidsrekord word met toenemende ontevredenheid deur die regering, werkers-vakbonde, werkers en bedryfsinsethouers beskou. Hierdie ontevredenheid word gemik op uitvoerende bestuur, wie blameer word vir beroepsverwante ongelukke in hul myne. Daar word dus toenemend gefokus op die leierskap van mynmaatskappye en hoe dit bydra tot die skepping van 'n organisasiekultuur van verbeterde veiligheidsuitslae. Die navorser ondersoek die vraag of leierskap 'n kern komponent is in die daarstelling van 'n veiligheids-bewuste organisasiekultuur, en maak gebruik van literatuurstudies sowel as Anglo American mynmaatskappy as 'n praktiese gevallestudie om sy ondersoek te ondersteun. Anglo American is die grootste mynmaatskappy in Suid-Afrika en ook die een waar baie noodlottige ongelukke voorgekom het, en dus 'n groot bron van veiligheidsinligting kan voorsien. Die navorser hersien teoretiese literatuurstudies en verduidelik dan die optrede van Anglo American om sy veiligheidsrekords te verbeter sedert sy noteering op die Londonse Effektebeurs in 1999. Die konsep van organisasiekultuur, veiligheidskultuur, leierskap en organisasieprestasie, word bespreek vanuit 'n teoretiese en praktiese perspektief met behulp van literatuurstudies en hierdie word bestudeer met die uiteindelike doel om die praktiese impak daarvan in industrie te verstaan soos uiteengesit in die literatuur. Die literatuur voorsien 'n breë raamwerk waarteen Anglo American se veiligheidstog gemeet kan word vanaf 1999 tot einde 2007. Hierdie tog verskaf detail van hoe Anglo American veiligheidsprogramme gebruik het om noodlottigge ongelukke en beserings uit te skakel en beklemtoon ook die impak van die organisasie se leierskap op die veiligheidsrekord van die maatskappy. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat die bydrae van leierskap kern is tot die daarstelling van 'n veiligheidsbewuste kultuur en dat spesifieke optredes van hoofbestuurders, seniorbestuurders, middelvlakbestuurders, opsieners en werkers nodig is om 'n veiligheidskultuur te bewerkstellig om veiligheid in maatskappye te verbeter.
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Gungor, Alper. "Occupational Health And Safety Management Tool." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12604694/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Labor protection, that is prevention of occupational disease and reducing the frequency of accident, has always been a matter of major concern of mining industry. Management and the government should promote and maintain high safety standards through some measures and tools to reduce frequency of accidents and occupational diseases.
This thesis describes the development of a national occupational health and safety management tool that is composed of educational, statistical and database interfaces for mine safety and health administration.
The detailed analysis of an accident requires knowledge of many parameters such as location, time, type, cost of the accident, victim information, nature of injury, result of the accident etc. that can be obtained from a standard coded accident report form. So, database interface of the management tool is developed with this sense to realize collecting accident data in a nationally used format to produce a common safety reporting system.
Prepared database maintains user-friendly environment on Internet to submit accident information. Dynamic structure and ease of use of the developed database allow administered user to expand it without detailed computer programming knowledge. This was achieved by prepared modules to change or register new data fields within the database.
Created database is also secure since only gives data input access rights to registered users. Database administrator is able to create registered users. Registered users could be safety engineer or manager of a mine who is responsible from the submission of data to the ministry of labor. So, standard and secure accident data collected rapidly through Internet connection.
The other feature of the database is that, it is open to all people to query accidents with many aspects.
Prepared management tool also includes educational interface, content of which can also be enlarged, as the new ideas, information or solutions for accidents are improved. This information is also open to all people since educating workers and managers about accidents and prevention techniques can improve working conditions and increase awareness.
Knowing the fact that submitted accident data is still collected in hard copies in folders, the need for a kind of management tool, which is completed in this study, is obvious. Application of this kind of management tool will be able to prevent the collection of accident data in dusty shelves and share the accident data information with all people who are interested in with this subject.
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Abugessaisa, Imad. "Analytical tools and information-sharing methods supporting road safety organizations." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, GIS - Geografiska informationssystem, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11596.
Full textAbstract:
A prerequisite for improving road safety are reliable and consistent sources of information about traffic and accidents, which will help assess the prevailing situation and give a good indication of their severity. In many countries there is under-reporting of road accidents, deaths and injuries, no collection of data at all, or low quality of information. Potential knowledge is hidden, due to the large accumulation of traffic and accident data. This limits the investigative tasks of road safety experts and thus decreases the utilization of databases. All these factors can have serious effects on the analysis of the road safety situation, as well as on the results of the analyses. This dissertation presents a three-tiered conceptual model to support the sharing of road safety–related information and a set of applications and analysis tools. The overall aim of the research is to build and maintain an information-sharing platform, and to construct mechanisms that can support road safety professionals and researchers in their efforts to prevent road accidents. GLOBESAFE is a platform for information sharing among road safety organizations in different countries developed during this research. Several approaches were used, First, requirement elicitation methods were used to identify the exact requirements of the platform. This helped in developing a conceptual model, a common vocabulary, a set of applications, and various access modes to the system. The implementation of the requirements was based on iterative prototyping. Usability methods were introduced to evaluate the users’ interaction satisfaction with the system and the various tools. Second, a system-thinking approach and a technology acceptance model were used in the study of the Swedish traffic data acquisition system. Finally, visual data mining methods were introduced as a novel approach to discovering hidden knowledge and relationships in road traffic and accident databases. The results from these studies have been reported in several scientific articles.
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Do, Michael D. "Evaluating the Normal Accident Theory in Complex Systems as a Predictive Approach to Mining Haulage Operations Safety." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/268532.
Full textAbstract:
The Normal Accident Theory (NAT) attempts to understand why accidents occur in systems with high-risk technologies. NAT is characterized by two attributes: complexity and coupling. The combination of these attributes results in unplanned and unintended catastrophic consequences. High-risk technology systems that are complex and tightly coupled have a high probability of experiencing system failures. The mining industry has experienced significant incidents involving haulage operations up to and including severe injuries and fatalities. Although the mining industry has dramatically reduced fatalities and lost time accidents over the last three decades or more, accidents still continue to persist. For example, for the years 1998 - 2002, haulage operations in surface mines alone have accounted for over 40% of all accidents in the mining industry. The systems thinking was applied as an approach to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate NAT in mining haulage operations. A measurement index was developed to measure this complexity. The results from the index measurements indicated a high degree of complexity that exists in haulage transfer systems than compared to loading and unloading systems. Additionally, several lines of evidence also point to the applicability of NAT in mining systems. They include strong organizational management or safety system does not guarantee zero accidents, complexity is exhibited in mining systems, and they are interactive and tightly coupled systems. Finally, the complexity of these systems were assessed with results indicating that a large number of accidents occur when there are between 4 or 5 causal factors. These factors indicate the degree of complexity necessary before accidents begin to occur.