Academic literature on the topic 'Minute trial'
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Journal articles on the topic "Minute trial"
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Kean, David J., Corey A. Peacock, Gabriel J. Sanders, John McDaniel, Lisa A. C. Colvin, and Ellen L. Glickman. "The Effects of Cold and Lower Body Negative Pressure on Cardiovascular Homeostasis." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/728145.
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Purpose. The purpose of this study is to determine how cold exposure and lower body negative pressure effected cardiovascular variables.Methods. Eleven males (20.3 years ± 2.7) underwent two 20-minute exposures to LBNP. During the 2 trials, the subjects were exposed to cold air (10°C) (COLD) and to ambient temperature (23°C) (AMB). The trials consisted of a 100-minute pre-LBNP period followed by a 20-minute exposure to LBNP and then a 15-minute recovery period. Cardiovascular variables were recorded every 30 minutes using bioimpedance.Results. When LBNP was applied during the AMB trials, stroke volume immediately decreased. During the COLD trial, there was a five-minute delay before the decrease in stroke volume. Heart rate increased immediately after LBNP initiation during the AMB trials but there was a delay in the increase during the COLD trials. That same pattern was followed with mean arterial blood pressures. Cerebral oxygenation was significantly lower throughout the COLD trial as compared to the AMB trials. Six subjects reported symptoms of syncope or presyncope during the AMB trials but there were no reports of symptoms during the COLD trials.Conclusion. From analysis of this data, cold improved the subject’s tolerance to LBNP.
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Peel, Claire, and Diane Ballard. "Reproducibility of the 6-Minute-Walk Test in Older Women." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 9, no. 2 (April 2001): 184–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.9.2.184.
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The primary purpose of this study was to determine the reproducibility of the 6-min-walk test (6MWT) in older women. A secondary purpose was to document heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) in response to the 6MWT. Twenty-eight women with an average age of 80.0 years (±5.2) participated. They performed 2 trials of the 6MWT on 3 separate days, for a total of 6 trials. Heart rate, BP, RPE, and the total distance walked were recorded for each trial. The results indicated a significant increase from Trial 1 to Trial 2, with no differences between Trials 2–6, F(5, 131) = 7.02, p = .000. HR and BP were consistent across the 6 trials, and RPE was higher for the second trial on the second day of testing, F(5, 131) = 2.72, p = .023. The intraclass correlation coefficient for distance walked was .94. After the initial trial, performance on the 6MWT appears to be stable in older women.
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Brooks, Dina, Aileen M. Davis, and Gary Naglie. "The Feasibility of Six-Minute and Two-Minute Walk Tests in In-patient Geriatric Rehabilitation." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 26, no. 2 (2007): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cja.26.2.009.
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ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the feasibility of the 6-minute and 2-minute walk tests in frail older persons.Design: Pre/post–design with measures at admission and discharge to in-patient geriatric rehabilitation.Participants: Fifty-two subjects (35 women, 17 men; age 80 ± 8 years).Results: Only 1 of the first 8 subjects could complete a single trial of the 6-minute walk test at admission. The 2-minute walk test was feasible in this population, with 50 (out of 52) subjects able to complete at least one trial at admission. There was an increase in distance walked when three trials of the 2-minute walk were performed, at both admission and discharge (p < 0.0001).Conclusion: The 2-minute walk test is a feasible measure of functional capacity and was better tolerated than the 6-minute walk test in older persons in geriatric rehabilitation. Consideration needs to be given to the potential of a training effect or the need for repeated measures to obtain a best estimate for the 2-minute walk test.
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Shukla, Vivek Vishwanath, Anal Jitendrakumar Chaudhari, Somashekhar Marutirao Nimbalkar, Ajay Gajanan Phatak, Dipen Vasudev Patel, and Archana Somashekhar Nimbalkar. "Skin-to-Skin Care by Mother vs. Father for Preterm Neonatal Pain: A Randomized Control Trial (ENVIRON Trial)." International Journal of Pediatrics 2021 (January 4, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8886887.
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Objective. To compare skin-to-skin care (SSC) given by mother and father for preterm neonatal pain control by premature infant pain profile (PIPP) score. Methods. 64 stable preterm (28-36 weeks gestational age) neonates born at a level-3 neonatal intensive care unit were included in the trial. Random allocation with the help of a computer-generated sequence was done. In group A, SSC was given by the mother 15 minutes before the first heel-stick, and subsequently, SSC was given by the father before the second heel-stick. In group B, the sequence of SSC provider was reversed. Blinded PIPP score assessment at 0, 1, and 5 minutes of heel-stick were done by two independent assessors using video recording. Results. The mean (SD) birth weight was 1665.18 (339.35) grams, and mean (SD) gestational age was 34.28 (2.24) weeks. The PIPP score at 0, 1, and 5 minutes had no statistical or clinically significant differences between both groups (PIPP score mean (SD) at 0 minute = 3.20 (1.11) vs. 3.01 (1.29), p value = 0.38; 1 minute = 8.59 (4.27) vs. 8.26 (4.08), p value = 0.66; 5 minutes = 3.79 (1.40) vs. 3.93 (1.99), p value = 0.65 in SSC by mother and father group, respectively). Furthermore, there was no statistical difference between the groups for any components of the PIPP score (all p values > 0.05). The PIPP score at 5 minutes almost attained the 0-minute level in both the groups. Conclusion. Father is as effective as the mother for providing skin-to-skin care for preterm neonatal pain control. This trial is registered with CTRI/2018/01/016783.
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Harris, Daniel P., Arvind Balasubramaniam, M. Safwan Badr, and Jason H. Mateika. "Long-term facilitation of ventilation and genioglossus muscle activity is evident in the presence of elevated levels of carbon dioxide in awake humans." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 291, no. 4 (October 2006): R1111—R1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00896.2005.
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We hypothesized that long-term facilitation (LTF) of minute ventilation and peak genioglossus muscle activity manifests itself in awake healthy humans when carbon dioxide is sustained at elevated levels. Eleven subjects completed two trials. During trial 1, baseline carbon dioxide levels were maintained during and after exposure to eight 4-min episodes of hypoxia. During trial 2, carbon dioxide was sustained 5 mmHg above baseline levels during exposure to episodic hypoxia. Seven subjects were exposed to sustained elevated levels of carbon dioxide in the absence of episodic hypoxia, which served as a control experiment. Minute ventilation was measured during trial 1, trial 2, and the control experiment. Peak genioglossus muscle activity was measured during trial 2. Minute ventilation during the recovery period of trial 1 was similar to baseline (9.3 ± 0.5 vs. 9.2 ± 0.7 l/min). Likewise, minute ventilation remained unchanged during the control experiment (beginning vs. end of control experiment, 14.4 ± 1.7 vs. 14.7 ± 1.4 l/min). In contrast, minute ventilation and peak genioglossus muscle activity during the recovery period of trial 2 was greater than baseline (minute ventilation: 28.4 ± 1.7 vs. 19.6 ± 1.0 l/min, P < 0.001; peak genioglossus activity: 1.6 ± 0.3 vs. 1.0 fraction of baseline, P < 0.001). We conclude that exposure to episodic hypoxia is necessary to induce LTF of minute ventilation and peak genioglossus muscle activity and that LTF is only evident in awake humans in the presence of sustained elevated levels of carbon dioxide.
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Tobe, Sheldon W., Lisa Dubrofsky, Daniel I. Nasser, Raveenie Rajasingham, and Martin G. Myers. "Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Automated Office Blood Pressure Readings After Zero or Five Minutes of Rest." Hypertension 78, no. 2 (August 2021): 353–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17319.
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The purpose of the Zero to Five study was to compare automated office blood pressure (AOBP) readings obtained after either 0 or 5 minutes of antecedent rest in relation to the awake ambulatory blood pressure. AOBP is recommended in different jurisdictions following either a 0- or 5-minute rest. This was a prospective, randomized, 2 arm, trial with blinded outcomes, recruiting adult patients referred for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Participants had an AOBP measurement performed according to clinical practice guidelines with an OMRON HEM-907XL set to measure after 0 or 5 minutes of rest. The primary outcome was the difference between the mean AOBP and mean awake ABPM in the 0-minute wait group versus that in the 5-minute wait group. The study enrolled 618 participants, mean age 57.1 years, 52% women. For the 0-minute rest group, the mean AOBP was 141.2/83.1 (17.1/12.1 mm Hg) and the awake ABPM was 141.3/83.8 (16.1/10.2 mm Hg), with difference −0.02/0.52 (17.4/11.4 mm Hg). For the 5-minute rest group, the mean AOBP was 138.2/81.7 (16.9/12.4 mm Hg) and the awake ABPM was 143.4/83.6 (17.3/10.3 mm Hg), with difference −5.16/−0.8 (18.6/11.6 mm Hg). The difference of differences in systolic blood pressure (AOBP-awake ABPM) for the 0 versus the 5-minute wait group was 5.1 mm Hg (95% CI, 2.3–8.0, P =0.005) with the 0-minute AOBP measurement closest to the awake ABPM. The Zero to Five study demonstrated that a wait time of 0 minute before an AOBP measurement was closer to the daytime ABPM result than a 5-minute wait before the AOBP. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT03732924.
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Pothier, D. D., C. E. J. Hall, S. Gillett, and P. Nankivell. "Timing of co-phenylcaine administration before rigid nasendoscopy: a randomized, controlled trial." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 121, no. 3 (August 15, 2006): 228–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215106002441.
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Rigid nasendoscopy is a commonly used method of examining the nasal cavity and postnasal space. Co-phenylcaine is useful for its vasoconstrictive and anaesthetic properties, but the length of time allowed for it to take effect is variable. We performed a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial to determine whether it was better to allow one or 10 minutes for co-phenylcaine to take effect. Fifty patients were randomized into two groups, 25 in each. Patients in the 10 minute group experienced less discomfort (p=0.02) and less pain (p=0.018) than those in the one minute group. Ease of examination was also greater in the 10 minute group, as was the quality of the image obtained (p<0.001).
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Hutapea, Dwight M. M., Albert M. Hutapea, Kimberley M. M. Hutapea, and Alfa Christina. "The Frequent Interruptions with Light-intensity Calisthenics Reduced Postprandial Hyperglycemia during Prolonged Sitting." Abstract Proceedings International Scholars Conference 7, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 666–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35974/isc.v7i1.1999.
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Introduction: Individuals with high levels of sedentary time may have significantly increased relative risk of diabetes, cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and all-cause mortality, respectively. This study examined the acute effects of interrupting prolonged sitting with light-intensity calisthenics on postprandial hyperglycemia in healthy adults.
Methods: There were thirty normoglycemic university students that participated in this research with anthropometric characteristics: age (21.4 ± 1.2 years), body weight (57.2 ± 8.1 kg), height (163.3 ± 7.5 cm), BMI (20.7 ± 2.4), blood pressure (77.3 ± 11.4 mmHg), and heart rate (78.5 ± 13.1 per minute). Each participant consumed standard 75-grams glucose. The treatment was divided into two trials. First, the control trial, the participants were instructed to sit for five straight hours. The profile of changes in blood glucose was taken at an interval of 30 minutes from minutes 0, 30, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 300. Second, the experimental trial was the same with the control trial except that the participants did a light-intensity calisthenics for 3 minutes then sit for 27 minutes, repeating this activity at the 30-minute intervals. Data were analyzed using paired T-test.
Results: The baseline data between trials were not significantly different. The values of blood glucose of each time point were recorded and analyzed statistically. The results are expressed as the blood glucose value in mg/dl ± SD of control trial vs. experimental trial, and the p value of its statistical analysis. At 0 minute (baseline): 91.6 ± 9.89 vs. 89.6 ± 14.50, p = 0.43; at 30 minutes 174.9 ± 43.86 vs. 169.3 ± 44.86, p = 0.49; at 60 minutes: 149.9 ± 26.11 vs. 164.1 ± 50.06, p = 0.12; at 90 minutes: 137.1 ± 21.13 vs. 133.6 ± 33.62, p = 0.60, at 120 minutes: 121.1 ± 25.49 vs. 114.4 ± 32.29, p = 0.39, at 180 minutes: 83.9 ± 17.65 vs. 77.7 ± 14.38, p =0.45, at 240 minutes: 80.4 ± 1.98 vs. 82.5 ± 12.07, p = 0.31, at 300 minutes: 82.9 ± 13.16 vs. 83.9 ± 13.09, p = 0.76. There were no significant changes in all the point of blood glucose recordings except at 120 minutes, where the postprandial blood glucose of the experimental trial with light-intensity walking was significantly lower than that of control trial.
Discussion: This study found that interrupting sitting time with short bouts of light-intensity calisthenics reduced postprandial hyperglycemia. This light-intensity activity reduced the postprandial hyperglycemia although not at a significant level statistically except at the 180 minutes time point. Since postprandial hyperglycemia is a cardiovascular risk factor in nondiabetics, reducing postprandial hyperglycemia improves lowers this risk factor.
Conclusion: Given these positive effects observed in healthy participants, it seems prudent to regularly break periods of prolonged sitting with brief bouts of activity. We recommend that periodically breaking periods of prolonged sitting supplementary to participate in longer and more intense bouts of physical activity. Further study is recommended on more frequent light-intensity bouts of activity and shorter period of uninterrupted sitting.
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Nikolla, Dhimitri A., Brandon J. Kramer, and Jestin N. Carlson. "A Cross-Over Trial Comparing Conventional to Compression-Adjusted Ventilations with Metronome-Guided Compressions." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, no. 02 (April 2019): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19000098.
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Introduction:Hyperventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) negatively affects cardiopulmonary physiology. Compression-adjusted ventilations (CAVs) may allow providers to deliver ventilation rates more consistently than conventional ventilations (CVs). This study sought to compare ventilation rates between these two methods during simulated cardiac arrest.Null Hypothesis:That CAV will not result in different rates than CV in simulated CPR with metronome-guided compressions.Methods:Volunteer Basic Life Support (BLS)-trained providers delivered bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilations during simulated CPR with metronome-guided compressions at 100 beats/minute. For the first 4-minute interval, volunteers delivered CV. Volunteers were then instructed on how to perform CAV by delivering one breath, counting 12 compressions, and then delivering a subsequent breath. They then performed CAV for the second 4-minute interval. Ventilation rates were manually recorded. Minute-by-minute ventilation rates were compared between the techniques.Results:A total of 23 volunteers were enrolled with a median age of 36 years old and with a median of 14 years of experience. Median ventilation rates were consistently higher in the CV group versus the CAV group across all 1-minute segments: 13 vs 9, 12 vs 8, 12 vs 8, and 12 vs 8 for minutes one through four, respectively (P <.01, all). Hyperventilation (>10 breaths per minute) occurred 64% of the time intervals with CV versus one percent with CAV (P <.01). The proportion of time which hyperventilation occurred was also consistently higher in the CV group versus the CAV group across all 1-minute segments: 78% vs 4%, 61% vs 0%, 57% vs 0%, and 61% vs 0% for minutes one through four, respectively (P <.01, all).Conclusions:In this simulated model of cardiac arrest, CAV had more accurate ventilation rates and fewer episodes of hyperventilation compared with CV.Nikolla DA, Kramer BJ, Carlson JN. A cross-over trial comparing conventional to compression-adjusted ventilations with metronome-guided compressions. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(2):220–223
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McMurray, Robert G., and Matthew S. Tenan. "Relationship of potassium ions and blood lactate to ventilation during exercise." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 35, no. 5 (October 2010): 691–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h10-063.
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Ventilatory control during exercise is a complex network of neural and humoral signals. One humoral input that has received little recent attention in the exercise literature is potassium ions [K+]. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between [K+] and ventilation during an incremental cycle test and to determine if the relationship between [K+] and ventilation differs when blood lactate [lac–] is manipulated. Eight experienced triathletes (4 of each sex) completed 2 incremental, progressive (5-min stages) cycle tests to volitional fatigue: 1 with normal glycogen stores and 1 with reduced glycogen. Minute ventilation was measured during the final minute of each stage, and blood [lac–] and [K+] were measured at the end of each exercise stage. Minute ventilation and [K+] increased with exercise intensity and were similar between trials (p > 0.5), despite lower [lac–] during the reduced-glycogen trial. The concordance correlations (Rc) between [lac–] and minute ventilation were stronger for both trials (Rc = ~0.88–0.96), but the slopes of the relationships were different than the relationships between [K+] and minute ventilation (Rc = ~0.76–0.89). The slope of the relationship between [lac–] and minute ventilation was not as steep during the reduced-glycogen trial, compared with the normal trial (p = 0.002). Conversely, the slope of the relationships between [K+] and minute ventilation did not change between trials (p = 0.454). The consistent relationship of minute ventilation and blood [K+] during exercise suggests a role for this ion in the control of ventilation during exercise. Conversely, the inconsistent relationship between blood lactate and ventilation brings into question the importance of the relationship between lactate and ventilation during exercise.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Minute trial"
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Bazyler, Caleb D., Michael C. Zourdos, Bong-Sup Park, Lee Sang-Rok, Lynn B. Panton, and Jeong-Su Kim. "The Effects of a Sub-Maximal Warm-up on Endurance Performance in Trained Male Runners during a 30-Minute Time Trial." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3827.
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Hilding, Alexander, and Frank Olkkonen. "Indirekt mätning av laktattröskel." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-4467.
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Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to determine whether 30-minute time trial (30MTT) is an accurate estimator of the lactate threshold (LT) relative to direct measures of LT and whether 30MTT is applicable for untrained individuals. Question formulations: (1) Is 30MTT an accurate method for estimation of the LT in a group with varied VO2-peak? (2) Is there a difference in the accuracy of the 30MTT between a group with low and high VO2-peak? (3) Is the method applicable for untrained individuals? Method A quantitative study was conducted consisting of 10 subjects (age=26±2.15 years, BMI=21.7 ±2.76, VO2-peak=47.45 ±6.34ml·kg-1·min-1) who participated during two testing occasions. The sample consisted of women (n=4) and men (=3) with varied physical ability. During the first occasion the subjects took part in a direct measure of their LT followed by a test to measure their maximal oxygen uptake. Four methods were used to determine the subjects LT from the direct measures; LTD-max-c, LTVisual, LTΔ1 and LT4.0. During the second occasion the subjects performed a 30MTT from where their pace (LTV) and heart rate (LTHR) at LT were calculated. After the tests were concluded the direct measure was compared to the 30MTT. Three participants were excluded from the study due to insufficient data. Results The results showed that 30MTT was an accurate and reliable method for estimation of the LTV for a group with varied VO2-peak. No significant differences were seen between the direct methods for LTV and 30MTT. Strong correlations were seen between the direct methods and 30MTT (r≥0.91). LTHR showed significant differences (p=0.05) between the direct measures and 30MTT. No correlations were seen for LTHR. Because of the limited selection question formulations two and three were left unanswered. Conclusion 30MTT appears to be an accurate method for estimation of the LT. A significant correlation was seen for LTV between the direct methods of LT and 30MTT. No correlation was seen for LTHR since there appears to be a systematic elevation of heart rate. These results show that 30MTT appears to be an accurate method for estimation of LTV but not LTHR for group of individuals with varied VO2-peak. Because of a limited selection some caution should be applied when rendering these results. The limited selection also means that potential differences between 30MTT and the direct measures among individuals with low and high VO2-peak weren’t possible to evaluate.Sammanfattning Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med studien var att undersöka noggrannheten av uppskattning av laktattrösklar i 30-minuters “time trial”-test i förhållande till fastställda laktattrösklar med hjälp av uppmätta blodlaktatnivåer samt om metoden är applicerbar på individer med varierande VO2-peak. Frågeställningar: (1) Är 30MTT en giltig indirekt metod för fastställande av LT för en grupp med varierande VO2-peak? (2) Skiljer sig noggrannheten mellan individer med låg och hög VO2-peak i 30MTT? (3) Är 30MTT-metoden giltig för otränade individer? Metod En kvantitativ studie bestående av 10 försökspersoner (FP)(ålder=26±2.15 år, BMI=21.7 ±2.76, VO2-peak=47.45 ±6.34 ml·kg-1·min-1) deltog vid två testtillfällen. Urvalet bestod av kvinnor (n=4) och män (n=3) med varierad fysisk förmåga. Vid testtillfälle 1 genomfördes mätning av blodlaktatkoncentrationer för en direkt erhållen LT samt mätning av maximalsyreupptagningsförmåga. Fyra metoder tillämpades för identifiering av LT; LTD-max-c, LTVisual, LTΔ1 samt LT4.0. Vid det andra tillfället genomfördes en indirekt mätning av LT genom 30MTT varefter hastighet (LTV) samt puls (LTHF) vid LT kunde beräknas. Efter genomförda test jämfördes direkt mätning med indirekt mätning av LT. Tre FP exkluderades från studien på grund av ej tillräcklig erhållen data. Resultat Resultaten visade att 30MTT var en reliabel metod för en grupp med varierande VO2-peak för beräkning av LTV. Inga signifikanta skillnader sågs mellan samtliga direkta metoder och 30MTT för LTV. Däremot kunde starka korrelationer ses mellan samtliga direkta metoder samt 30MTT (r≥0.91) för hela urvalet. För LTHF sågs signifikanta skillnader (p=0.05) mellan samtliga direkta metoder samt 30MTT. Inga signifikanta samband kunde ses för LTHF för hela urvalet. På grund av det begränsade urvalet lämnas frågeställning två och tre obesvarad. Slutsats 30MTT tycks vara en reliabel metod för uppskattning av LT. Signifikanta samband kunde ses mellan samtliga direkta metoder för LT och 30MTT gällande LTV. För LTHF sågs inga samband, däremot sågs en systematisk förskjutning av hjärtfrekvensen. LTV enligt 30MTT verkar vara en giltig metod för en grupp individer med varierad VO2-peak. På grund av ett begränsat urval bör en viss försiktighet tillämpas i tolkning av dessa resultat. Vidare kunde det på grund av det begränsade urvalet inte göras någon bedömning på eventuella skillnader mellan individer med låg och hög VO2-peak.
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Hollins, Jana. "The Relationships of Physiological and Strength Variables to Run Performances." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2552.
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Monitoring progress of athletes is an essential component of the training process. Collegiate distance running coaches often use field tests to assess progress because of a lack of time and resources to do laboratory testing. The purpose of this dissertation was to examine the relationships between physiological and strength variables measured in a laboratory and field testing measures in collegiate distance runners. Collegiate distance runners completed a series of tests in the Sport Science laboratory at East Tennessee State University to obtain physiological and strength parameters, such as V̇ O2max and vertical jump height. The athletes then completed one of two field tests (either a 3 km time trial or a 3 minute all out run test). There were strong correlations between the laboratory measures and the field test performances. These results indicate that strength is an important factor in run performance. Also, a 3 km time trial and a 3 minute all out run test are suitable for athlete monitoring.
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Riley, Cara Joy DMD MS. "A Single-Center, Randomized, Partially Blinded Clinical Trial of Fospropofol Versus Midazolam for Moderate Sedation in Patients Undergoing Oral Surgery of 30-45 Minute Duration." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1320163603.
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Cassidy, Christopher. "A Comparison of Fatigue during Cardiocerebral Resuscitation with Different Compression Rates Among Layperson and Professional Rescuers." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1299.
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Quality chest compressions during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) are vital to maintaining adequate perfusion of oxygenated blood to the organs of the body to sustain life. Over the years, the compression rate recommended in Basic Life Support (BLS)/ Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) protocols for the best possible outcome has risen, and with that increase there are questions regarding rescuer fatigue and the effectiveness of compressions. Layperson and professional rescuers, answering to an emergency, both maintain continuous chest compressions until advanced life support arrives. Depending on the location, this arrival time would most likely be longer than the two minute standard time given to rotate rescuers before fatigue compromises performance. The objective of this research was to investigate the level of rescuer fatigue associated with continuous compressions, varying compression rates, physical fitness, gender, and among layperson versus professional rescuers.
Sixty-one participants performed uninterrupted chest compressions on a manikin for 15 minutes. Before performing compressions, physical fitness was evaluated using a YMCA bench press for an assessment of upper body strength/endurance and a 3-minute step test to evaluate aerobic fitness. Subjects performed two trials at compression rates of greater or equal to 80 and greater or equal to 100 per minute with a 5-minute rest between trials.
Male professional rescuers had a greater strength/endurance, and thus were able to perform compressions for a longer period of time compared to their female counterparts. Compression duration and the YMCA Bench Press test score were significantly correlated (p = .0135). Cardiocerebral Resuscitation providers should maintain an adequate upper body strength, particularly if they may be required to perform continuous chest compressions at high rates for more than a few minutes.
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Bonnevie, Tristan. "Nouveaux outils et optimisation des outils existants pour la réhabilitation respiratoire et la ré-autonomisation des patients atteints d'un handicap ventilatoire. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Six-minute stepper test to set pulmonary rehabilitation intensity in patients with COPD - a retrospective study Can the six-minute stepper test be used to determine the intensity of endurance training in early stage COPD : a multicenter observational study The six-minute stepper test is related to muscle strength but cannot substitute for the one repetition maximum to prescribe strength training in patients with COPD People undertaking pulmonary rehabilitation are willing and able to provide accurate data via a remote pulse oximetry system : a multicentre observational study Mid-term effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on cognitive function in people with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease NIV is not adequate for high intensity endurance in COPD Home-based neuromuscular electrical stimulation as an add-on to pulmonary rehabilitation does not provide further benefits in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : a multicenter randomized trial Lumbar transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation to improve exercise performance in COPD patients Advanced telehealth technology improves in-home pulmonary rehabilitation for people with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : a systematic review Nasal high flow for stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : a systematic review and meta-analysis." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR024.
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La réhabilitation respiratoire (RR) est recommandée dans la prise en soin des patients atteints d’un handicap ventilatoire afin d’améliorer leur qualité de vie. Malgré une efficacité clairement établie, très peu de patients en bénéficient et les modalités optimales d’entrainement restent à définir. L’utilisation des outils existants et des nouveaux outils pour optimiser l’accès au programme et ses effets représentent des développements majeurs qui méritent d’être évalués. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous avons cherché à aborder ces deux problématiques (1) en tentant de proposer un modèle de RR délocalisée hors des centres tout en évaluant les freins à ce modèle et (2) en explorant la place de différents adjuvants à la RR afin d’en optimiser les bénéfices. Dans la première partie, nous avons montré, à travers plusieurs études rétrospectives et une contribution originale prospective multicentrique, que le test stepper de six minutes peut être utilisé pour prescrire l’entrainement en endurance, particulièrement pour les patients présentant une forme légère à modérée de bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive (BPCO), mais pas pour prescrire le renforcement musculaire. Par ailleurs, nous avons montré dans une population de 105 patients adressés en RR que l’utilisation d’un dispositif de telemonitoring était faisable, valide et largement accepté. Enfin, nous avons exploré la prévalence des dysfonctions cognitives, autre conséquence systémique de la BPCO qui pourrait compromettre la délocalisation du programme, et avons montré que cette prévalence était très élevée (environ 75% des patients) mais que ces troubles cognitifs pouvaient s’améliorer après la RR et ne semblaient pas influencer l’utilisation d’un dispositif de telemonitoring. Dans la seconde partie, nous avons évalué la place de différents adjuvants à la RR utilisés pour en potentialiser les bénéfices. Dans une étude en cross-over menée chez 21 patients atteints de BPCO, nous avons montré que la ventilation non invasive ne permettait pas d’améliorer la capacité à l’exercice en endurance en raison d’une limitation technologique du ventilateur. A travers une étude contrôlée randomisée multicentrique menée chez 73 patients atteints de BPCO sévère à très sévère, nous avons montré que la stimulation électrique excito-motrice à domicile, réalisée en plus d’un programme de RR, n’apportait pas davantage de bénéfices sur la qualité de vie ou la capacité à l’exercice. Enfin, à travers une étude randomisée en cross-over et en double aveugle menée chez 10 patients, nous n’avons pas pu montrer l’intérêt de la stimulation électrique nerveuse transcutanée pour améliorer leur capacité à l’exercice en endurance. Enfin, dans la dernière partie, nous avons présenté les recherches actuellement menées au sein de notre laboratoire, faisant suite aux contributions originales décrites au cours de cette thèse, ainsi que de nouvelles pistes de recherche afin de poursuivre les thématiques explorées. Ainsi, deux revues de littérature et méta-analyses (l’une d’elle portant sur le haut débit nasal et l’autre sur l’utilisation des technologies de santé avancées pour réaliser la RR respiratoire à domicile) serviront de base pour de futurs travauxPulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is recommended in the management of subjects with ventilatory impairment to improve their quality of life. Although a large body of evidence support its use, only few subjects benefit from it and the optimal training modality has not been determined yet. In this context, the use of new and existing tools to optimize access as well as the effects of the program are major developments that deserve to be studied. As part of this thesis, we sought to explore these two major issues (1) by considering a rehabilitation model relocated outside the PR centres while assessing the obstacles to this model and (2) exploring the effectiveness of different add-on to PR in further optimizing the benefits of the program. In the first part, we have shown, through several retrospective studies and an original prospective multicentre contribution, that the six-minute stepper test can be used to prescribe endurance training, particularly for those patients with a mild to moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but not to prescribe muscle strengthening. Furthermore, we have shown in a cohort of 105 subjects referred for PR that the use of a remote tele monitoring device was feasible, valid and widely accepted. Finally, we explored the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction, another systemic impairment of COPD that could compromise the relocation of the program, and showed that it was a very common condition (around 75% of the subjects) but that it could improve following PR and did not seem to influence the use of a remote tele monitoring device. In the second part, we evaluated the effects of different add-on used to potentiate the benefits of the PR program. In a cross-over study of 21 COPD patients, we showed that non-invasive ventilation did not improve endurance exercise capacity due to technological limitation of the ventilator. Through a multicentre randomized controlled study carried out in 73 patients with severe to very severe COPD, we have shown that neuromuscular electrical stimulation at home, performed in addition to a PR program, did not provide further benefits on quality of life or exercise capacity. Finally, through a randomized cross-over double-blind study carried out in 10 patients, we were unable to show the effectiveness of transcutaneous nerve electrical stimulation in improving their endurance exercise capacity. Finally, in a last part, we highlighted the research currently carried out in our laboratory following the original contributions described during this thesis, as well as new area of research in order to pursue the themes explored. Thus, two systematic reviews and meta-analysis (the first about nasal high flow therapy in subjects with stable COPD and the second about the use of advanced telehealth technologies to deliver PR) will serve as a basis for future research
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Irwin, Zuzana. "Jazyková variace ve vyjadřování minulosti v soudních záznamech z Old Bailey ("The Proceedings of the Old Bailey")." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-347848.
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(in English) This thesis explores relationships among the tenses that express the past in the English language. Among these tenses are: past simple, past continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, past perfect, and past perfect continuous. The research focuses on the variation between the past simple (which also includes past continuous) and the present perfect (which also includes progressive constructions). The researched variation is the use of the past simple in the context of the present perfect in which the Present-Day English (PDE) would use the present perfect, and vice versa. Three decades (1731-1740, 1791-1800, and 1861-1870) were chosen from the eighteenth and the nineteenth centuries. The findings were compared to the PDE situation. The material was collected from an online database called The Proceeding of the Old Bailey, which is believed to be one of the most reliable sources that are representative of the spoken language of the day. It was thought that the variation would be observed best in spontaneous spoken language. The aim was to study spoken language that was influenced by the grammatical prescriptivism of the age only marginally. There was an expectation that the occurrence of the past simple in the context of the present perfect would gradually decrease...
Books on the topic "Minute trial"
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Legg, Rodney. Oscar: The Oscar Wilde trials of 1895 : documented in a 90-minute dramatisation for radio or television. Wincanton, Somerset: Wincanton Press, 1993.
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Surdescu, Ioana. Minuta-- act al deliberării în procesul penal român: Aspecte metodologice. București: All Beck, 2000.
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Vingt minutes pour la mort: Robert Brasillach, le procès expédié. Monaco: Rocher, 2010.
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--Nukhust Vazīr sih daqīqah qabl darʹguz̲asht: Prime Minister passed away three minutes ago. Tihrān: ʻAṭāʼī, 2004.
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Coughlin, John P. Field trials of a portable microseismic processor recorder. Pittsburgh, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1985.
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The Scotia widows: Inside their lawsuit against big daddy coal. New York: Random House, 2008.
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1962-, Owens Greg, ed. The third suspect. Red Deer, Alta: Red Deer College Press, 1995.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Minute trial"
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Mao, Pisith, Takashi Sasaoka, Hideki Shimada, Akihiro Hamanaka, Sugeng Wahyudi, Jiro Oya, and Naung Naung. "Numerical Investigation on Gate-Entry Stability of Trial Panel in Indonesia Longwall Coal Mine." In Proceedings of the 28th International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection - MPES 2019, 499–507. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33954-8_56.
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Vohnsen, Nina Holm. "Mutations." In The Absurdity of Bureaucracy. Manchester University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526101341.003.0004.
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Chapter 2 portrays Active – Back Sooner as ‘it’ starts to disintegrate. It shows how upon arrival in one of the municipal units charged with the implementation of the trial, the original project design is undermined and recreated by the multiple local concerns to which it must adapt or defer. Developing the analytical metaphor ‘vector of concern’ the chapter documents how contradictory decisions were being made from minute to minute, all generated by attempts to make the interventions sensible and purposeful. The chapter concludes that when implementation fails it does so because implementation is in fact a second planning phase characterised by a high degree of instability.
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Sime, Stuart. "45. Norwich Pharmacal and Related Disclosure Orders." In A Practical Approach to Civil Procedure, 500–509. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198858386.003.0045.
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This chapter considers a number of other special forms of disclosure orders, the best known of which is the Norwich Pharmacal order. Norwich Pharmacal orders are primarily used for finding the identity of an unknown potential defendant. They can only be sought against a person who facilitated and got ‘mixed up’ in the wrongdoing. Norwich Pharmacal orders therefore cannot be made against ‘mere witnesses’. Pre-action disclosure orders bring forward the time when disclosure of documents takes place to the period before a claim is issued. Disclosure against non-parties enables the court to order a witness to produce documents in advance of the trial, thus avoiding adjournments when documents are produced at the last minute at trial.
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Sime, Stuart. "45. Norwich Pharmacal and Related Disclosure Orders." In A Practical Approach to Civil Procedure, 501–10. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198838593.003.0045.
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This chapter considers a number of other special forms of disclosure orders, the best known of which is the Norwich Pharmacal order. Norwich Pharmacal orders are primarily used for finding the identity of an unknown potential defendant. They can only be sought against a person who facilitated and got ‘mixed up’ in the wrongdoing. Norwich Pharmacal orders therefore cannot be made against ‘mere witnesses’. Pre-action disclosure orders bring forward the time when disclosure of documents takes place to the period before a claim is issued. Disclosure against non-parties enables the court to order a witness to produce documents in advance of the trial, thus avoiding adjournments when documents are produced at the last minute at trial.
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Sime, Stuart. "45. Norwich Pharmacal and Related Disclosure Orders." In A Practical Approach to Civil Procedure, 504–13. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780192844521.003.0045.
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This chapter considers a number of other special forms of disclosure orders, the best known of which is the Norwich Pharmacal order. Norwich Pharmacal orders are primarily used for finding the identity of an unknown potential defendant. They can only be sought against a person who facilitated and got ‘mixed up’ in the wrongdoing. Norwich Pharmacal orders therefore cannot be made against ‘mere witnesses’. Pre-action disclosure orders bring forward the time when disclosure of documents takes place to the period before a claim is issued. Disclosure against non-parties enables the court to order a witness to produce documents in advance of the trial, thus avoiding adjournments when documents are produced at the last minute at trial.
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"Neuraxial Analgesia Given Early in Labor." In 50 Studies Every Anesthesiologist Should Know, edited by Anita Gupta, Elena N. Gutman, Michael E. Hochman, Anita Gupta, Elena N. Gutman, and Michael E. Hochman, 243–46. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190237691.003.0045.
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This case focuses on pain blockers given during early labor by asking the question: What is the rate of cesarean delivery following neuraxial analgesia compared with systemic opioid analgesia administered in early labor? The results of this randomized trial demonstrated that nulliparous women in spontaneous labor or with spontaneous rupture of the membranes who request analgesia early in labor can receive neuraxial analgesia at that time without adverse consequences. Compared with systemic opioid analgesia, neuraxial analgesia did not increase the risk for cesarean delivery and was associated with a lower rate of neonatal 1-minute Apgar scores below 7.
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Emo, Martin. "Five Seconds of Fame." In The Music Technology Cookbook, 225–30. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197523889.003.0038.
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Smartphones are seemingly everywhere but the variety of ring and alert tones used are often limited to a standard number of preset options. New tones can be purchased from commercial websites but it is possible for anyone to create their own tone. In this project, students create their own custom tones to use on their smartphones. First, they compose short original compositions in a DAW and then upload them to their phones as custom ringtones or alert tones. The DAW Ableton Live Intro is used, which has a free trial available for educational institutions. Three 45-minute lessons are allotted to complete the project, but there is scope for increased depth of musical skills depending on the student’s previous experience with composing. Smartphone technology and operating systems change frequently, so please be prepared to check this module for any technical changes before you begin and adjust the lesson plan accordingly.
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"The Final Minutes." In The Trial of the Edmund Fitzgerald, 42–50. University of Minnesota Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5749/j.ctvthhd37.12.
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"The Minutes of a Trial." In Resistance & Revenge, 87–104. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315128542-6.
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Li, Jie Jack. "Genesis of Statins." In Triumph of the Heart. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195323573.003.0008.
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As evidence grew that high blood cholesterol levels were linked to heart disease, scientists in both academia and industry began to look for drugs to lower cholesterol as early as the 1950s. Before Akira Endo discovered the first statin, mevastatin, in the 1970s, many things, including hormones, vitamins, and resins, were tried to lower cholesterol. Some worked, and some did not. Thyroid hormone was one of the fi st drugs used for that purpose. The cholesterol-lowering properties of dextro-thyroxine were discovered by serendipity. At one point, surgical removal of part of the thyroid gland had been used to relieve angina, the pain brought on by exercise in coronary artery disease. Doctors observed that thyroid removal also raised the blood cholesterol level, which in turn sped up arterial degeneration. By deduction, the doctors reasoned that taking thyroid hormone should then decrease blood cholesterol levels. Initial clinical trials proved this theory, and dextro-thyroxine was used to lower cholesterol beginning in the 1950s, when thyroid extract became a standard treatment for hypercholesterolemic (high cholesterol) patients. Unfortunately, too much thyroid hormone made patients tremble all the time. Later, a large-scale, long-term clinical trial named the “Coronary Drug Project” established the association of dextro-thyroxine with ischemic heart disease as a severe side eff ect in men. As a consequence, thyroid hormone treatment was discontinued. Women, in contrast to men, enjoy natural cardiac protection through the action of the female sex hormones, the estrogens. In 1930, a minute quantity of estrogen was isolated from the ovaries of 80,000 sows. In the 1950s, reports appeared that estrogen could lower blood cholesterol levels even more effectively than nicotinic acid, another anticholesterol drug used at the time. Unfortunately, men on estrogen for too long began to develop feminine traits, including breast enlargement and loss of libido, and other side effects, although they did acquire relative immunity from heart attacks until late in life. Due to the lack of safe and effiicacious drugs, some doctors seemed willing to take their chances with estrogens.
Conference papers on the topic "Minute trial"
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Mcgray, AJ Robert, Kristen Starbuck, Samar Masoumi-Moghaddam, Ariel Francois, Kunle Odunsi, and Emese Zsiros. "Abstract 1623: Minute variation in murine ovarian cancer preclinical models significantly impact immunotherapy results obtained for clinical trial." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-1623.
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Ohkubo, Toshifumi, Nobuyuki Terada, and Yoshikazu Yoshida. "Fluorescence Detection of a Minute Particle Using Resin-Based Optical Total Analysis Systems Having a High Aspect Ratio Light Waveguide Core." In ASME 2014 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2014-6917.
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A precise light waveguide combined total analysis system (TAS)[1] is thought to be one of the most powerful functional elements needed to realize a “ubiquitous healthcare” system. In accordance with this concept, we have proposed a fundamental structure of detecting forward and side scattered light from small particles illuminating laser power through light waveguide formed in a thin resin layer. Based on this concept, we demonstrated its effectiveness of detecting both forward and side scattered light in in-plane direction[2] (Fig.1) by using a trial-manufactured TAS chip. Acquiring further various physiological properties, it is necessary to illuminate them with smaller cross section size of cores of light waveguide, and furthermore, to construct fluorescence detecting systems.
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Schneeberger, Tessa, Rainer Gloeckl, Inga Jarosch, Franziska Drechsel, Andreas Rembert Koczulla, and Klaus Kenn. "The minimal important difference for the 1-minute sit-to-stand test following pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD – a prospective observational trial." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa1431.
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Ohkubo, Toshifumi, Nobuyuki Terada, and Yoshikazu Yoshida. "Illumination and Scattered Light Detection of a Minute Particle Using a Light Source Consisting of Sub-Micrometer Defect Arrays Formed on an Extremely Flat Light Waveguide Core." In ASME 2013 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2013-2846.
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A minute optical sensor combined total analysis system (TAS) is thought to be one of the most powerful functional elements needed to realize a “ubiquitous human healthcare” system. In accordance with this concept, we have proposed a fundamental structure of detecting forward and side scattered light from a small cell or particle illuminating laser power through light waveguide formed in a thin resin layer. Based on this concept, we have demonstrated its effectiveness by using a trial-manufactured optical TAS chip, supplying and detecting visible laser power by using multiple optical fibers. Acquiring further various physiological properties created by an internal structure of a particles or cells, it is necessary to illuminate them with a small and arbitrarily-shaped light source placed close vicinity to them.
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Pop, Petru A., Liviu Lazar, and Florin M. Marcu. "Enhancing the Sport Performance and Quality Life of Athletes by Applying of WBV Method." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66098.
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The mechanical vibrations’ therapy is widely used as a non-conservative and safe physical method for patients diagnosed with osteoporosis, postmenopausal women and sportsmen training, also during athletes’ recovery and rehabilitation phase. This paper has the main goal in assessing the benefic effects of whole-body-vibration (WBV) therapy applied to professional sportsmen as a complementary alternative of training that can improve their sport performance and quality life. The experiment applied on a group of ten volunteers’ athletes from our university, with the ages between of 19 to 29 years and appropriate weight and height, which signed a statement on by self-agreement to participate in this study. The WBV trial performed via a proper dynamic vibration installation during of two months, where the subjects were sitting in a bed with upper limbs on their thighs and inferior limbs extended to provide support for the spine in a fixed support. The installation comprised a vibration bed with direct control of vibration signal and an electronic analyzing system for acquisition and interpretation of vibration data, which allowing an automat control of rotation frequency, alarm and safety system, and visualization on-line the measurement process. The electric motor of vibrating bed can generate predictable vibration values on three axes that used two types of tri-axial vibration sensors, one accelerometer fixed on bed and the second that is an implant accelerometer on the anterior face of the thigh of evaluated subject. Each mechanical vibration training session has performed with a frequency of 45 Hz during of 16 minutes, consisted in eight series with 60 seconds, and one-minute breaks in between. The evaluation of data has made by assessing the values of subjects recorded at the initial stage and at final therapy, which supposed to control the objective parameters, as standing long jump, standing high jump and intensity of exercise performed during of physical efforts. The results of vibration trial stressed that the subjects had a significant increase of sport performances after vibration training at each parameter assessing, which means that WBV can be a viable alternative method used of sportsmen to improve their athletic performance and quality life.
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Ohkubo, Toshifumi, Nobuyuki Terada, and Yoshikazu Yoshida. "Lock-In Detection of Directivity of Fluorescence From a Minute Particle Using TAS Chip Incorporated With Radially Arranged Light Waveguides." In ASME 2017 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems collocated with the ASME 2017 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isps2017-5402.
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It has long been thought that an optical sensor, such as a light waveguide implemented total analysis system (TAS), is one of the most functional components that will be needed to realize a “ubiquitous human healthcare system”. A transparent resin-based TAS chip incorporated with a light waveguide [1] is quite preferable in such a cost-effective and disposal use. In line with the technical demand, we have already proposed a specially fabricated structure for an epoxy resin-based monolithic light waveguide capable of illuminating a cell or particle running along a microfluidic channel [2], as well as of obtaining directivity of fluorescence with a radially arranged waveguide structure (as shown in Figure 1) and a sequential light scanning mechanism based on a forced vibrated optical fiber [3]. Utilizing this TAS system, we have successfully detected preliminary results of fluorescence directivity of a 5-μm-diameter polystyrene particle with scanning angle range of 180 degrees, at illuminating light scanning frequency of approximately 1.7 kHz [4]. However, the transmittance of the trial-manufactured light waveguides was slightly lower owing mainly to its smaller cross section size, and, as a result, signal-to-noise ratio of detected fluorescence signal waveform was not as good as we have expected. To improve the S/N ratio, it is necessary to increase illuminating power of a laser source, and, at the same time, to increase multiplication factor of a photo-electron multiplier sensor to beyond its performance limit. Unfortunately, with the capability of the current equipment, it is difficult to drastically improve the S/N ratio. In this paper, we attempted to apply AC detection method to measure extremely weak fluorescence with a high frequency modulated laser source of its wavelength of 488 nm, and with a high speed lock-in-amplifier having both higher reference frequency up to 3MHz and smaller time constant.
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Khan-White, Thomas. ""EFFECT OF MINDFULNESS MEDITATION AND COPING STRATEGIES ON AFFECT AND DEPRESSION SYMPTOMATOLOGY AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS DURING NATIONAL LOCKDOWN - A PROSPECTIVE, NON-RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL "." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact089.
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"This prospective, non-randomised controlled trial aimed to investigate the effects of brief app-based sessions of mindfulness meditation (MM) and utilisation of either problem-focused (PFC) or emotion-focused coping (EFC) styles on positive affect (PA), negative affect (NA) and depression symptomatology during nationwide lockdown due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study enrolled 19 medical students to undergo a 10-minute MM intervention. These same students were also divided into either PFC or EFC groups. Affect was measured using the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS), depression symptomatology was measured using the centre for epidemiological studies-depression (CES-D) scale and the brief COPE survey was used to categorise individuals as either PFC or EFC. Analysis showed no significant between-subject interaction for MM on PA, NA or CES-D score. Analysis of coping styles showed no significant between-subject interactions in relation to PA or NA, though CES-D scores approached significance (p=0.057) and PFC scored significantly lower than EFC at baseline (p=0.02). Significant within-subject effect of time found for PA and NA across both analyses (p<0.05). 61.1% of cohort scored above CES-D cut-off for being considered at risk of depression. These results identify a need for further work into more intensive MM interventions with larger sample sizes as well as study into stressors associated with lockdown to more fully establish whether PFC strategies are the most beneficial. In addition, a clearly high level of psychological distress has been implicated in this study population, which may have implications for student pastoral care during this period."
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Denlinger, Derek. "On the Benefits of High-Pressure Heat Treatment Additively Manufactured CoCr." In HT2021. ASM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ht2021p0030.
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Abstract Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) processes are becoming more viable in place of traditional castings in a variety of industries. To compete, novel material grades are being considered with additive manufacturing (AM). In maximizing performance and manufacturing efficiency through AM, a novel approach to heat treatment and Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) processing needs to be considered. It has been shown that combining key heat treatment processes with (HIP) by utilizing fast cooling rates can benefit static properties as well as improve turn-around time for HIP processing [1,2]. Argon pressures up to 207 MPa with cooling rates above 170°C per minute are now available in production sized HIP systems to design ideal HIP cycles for high pressure heat treatment. Additive manufacturing with high pressure heat treatment is in need of further investigation for establishing new qualification standards. This study investigates designed High-Pressure Heat Treatment cycles to consider mechanical performance on LPBF CoCr. The combined cycles investigate possible alternatives to historically accepted two step HIP then heat treat processing by combining densification with homogenization treatment into one step. Tensile, fatigue, hardness, microstructure and Charpy impact performance are explored to seek optimal properties and with streamlined thermal processing. It was found that all trial conditions exceeded Electron Beam Melted (EBM) AM CoCr expectation, but traditional processing provided a slight advantage in ultimate tensile stress. One of the novel processes explored, “common” was found to provide a slight improvement on yield stress and direct hardness. Published fatigue data is rare for CoCr, however data generated from this study showed a slight advantage to the “common” HPHT process primarily for lower applied stress levels. Microstructures were comparable across all trial processes. It is recommended that each novel processing route be considered as viable alternatives to traditional processing, but that the “common” processing may prove advantageous for both mechanical properties and streamlined manufacturing.
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Adachi, Toshiaki, and Hiroyuki Unishi. "Development of a Self-Propelled Surface Corrosion Inspection System for Medium Pressure Welded Steel Pipe." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64204.
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It is important to perform corrosion inspections on pipelines. The magnetic flux leakage (MFL) pig inspection system is applied to high pressure pipelines, but this system cannot be applied to medium pressure (under 1MPa) gas pipelines. To resolve the above problem, we have developed the Self-propelled Corrosion Inspection System for Unpiggable Gas Pipeline. The self-propelled inspection system can measure the pipe wall thickness with dry coupling ultrasonic sensors. The system consists of front/rear tractor, sensor unit, ultrasonic thickness measurement device, water supply unit, control unit, cable and monitor. In this system, the sensors (ultrasonic type) have particularly unique characteristics. (1) Adopting the ultrasonic pulse method achieves measurement precision superior to the MFL method. (2) The sensor unit is equipped with six tire type (dry coupling type) ultrasonic sensors that can perform wall thickness measurement at a rate of 3m/minute and at 5mm mesh. The following benefits are obtained by adopting the system. (1) Expanding the inspection range: The system can directly inspect corrosion of pipelines at locations where excavation is difficult or where a pipeline passes through a bridge, though the pipelines could not be inspected formerly. (2) Improving measurement performance: The self-propelled system with ultrasonic thickness sensors runs in the pipe and the wall thickness is measured automatically at all the positions of the pipe. This report describes the inspection system development process and the results of trial inspections.
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Kolbuck, Vince. "In Service Weld Xray Method for Thick Fittings on Large Diameter Licquid Filled Pipelines." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0119.
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Background: Enbridge Pipelines (Lakehead) was interested in a method to analyze longitudinal butt and fillet welds on pipeline repair sleeves and stopple tee fittings with the goal of finding weld defects such as inadequate root penetration, weld porosity, slag inclusions and other structural defects. Problem: Traditional pipeline x-ray techniques to not generate enough energy to overcome steel thicknesses up to 3.6 inches (91.4 mm) and the density of crude oil in a 34 inch (863.6 mm) diameter pipe. Attempts using cobalt 60 with up to 60 minute exposures did not produce x-rays with distinguishable features. Technology Comparison: Two methods were considered. One utilized an automated array of ultrasonic probes each specifically targeting regions within the longitudinal butt weld. This method was successfully developed for butt welds, however Enbridge chose to pursue using a high power XRay source called a Linear Accelerator (Linac) to look at butt and fillet welds. Linear Accelerator Technical Description: Derived from work done by the Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI), the Linac unit has demonstrated that it can produce code quality in service inspections for power plant boilers, nuclear plant piping, pre-stressed concrete bridge sections and other applications. Its design has been adapted from the Los Alamos Science Research Center’s work with the atomic bomb program. This is the highest power portable x-ray source in the world with a total power of 6 million volts as compared with the 200,000 equivalent volts produced by a Cobalt 60 radiation source. Field Trial and Results: The test specimen was a 34 inch (863.6 mm) diameter stopple tee which had been removed from the pipeline system and filled with water. Hole type penetrameters were placed directly next to the long seam welds on the stopple tee to verify the image quality, X-Ray images were exposed in 13–15 seconds and consistently produced sensitivities of 2T on 25 & 30, which was well within code requirements for the material. This technology displayed weld defects including lack of root penetration, porosity and slag inclusion that could be interpreted to code standards. Summary: This field trial proved that the Linac could be used in actual conditions. The Linac unit would requires some minor modifications for pipeline application including special mounting brackets and other small adjustments. Public safety is also a concern with this high power source as public evacuation is required within a 250 foot (76.2 m) radius of the source. Enbridge did not undertake a larger program with this technology but demonstrated that it could be used successfully if required.
Reports on the topic "Minute trial"
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Roschelle, Jeremy, Britte Haugan Cheng, Nicola Hodkowski, Julie Neisler, and Lina Haldar. Evaluation of an Online Tutoring Program in Elementary Mathematics. Digital Promise, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/94.
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Many students struggle with mathematics in late elementary school, particularly on the topic of fractions. In a best evidence syntheses of research on increasing achievement in elementary school mathematics, Pelligrini et al. (2018) highlighted tutoring as a way to help students. Online tutoring is attractive because costs may be lower and logistics easier than with face-to-face tutoring. Cignition developed an approach that combines online 1:1 tutoring with a fractions game, called FogStone Isle. The game provides students with additional learning opportunities and provides tutors with information that they can use to plan tutoring sessions. A randomized controlled trial investigated the research question: Do students who participate in online tutoring and a related mathematical game learn more about fractions than students who only have access to the game? Participants were 144 students from four schools, all serving low-income students with low prior mathematics achievement. In the Treatment condition, students received 20-25 minute tutoring sessions twice per week for an average of 18 sessions and also played the FogStone Isle game. In the Control condition, students had access to the game, but did not play it often. Control students did not receive tutoring. Students were randomly assigned to condition after being matched on pre-test scores. The same diagnostic assessment was used as a pre-test and as a post-test. The planned analysis looked for differences in gain scores ( post-test minus pre-test scores) between conditions. We conducted a t-test on the aggregate gain scores, comparing conditions; the results were statistically significant (t = 4.0545, df = 132.66, p-value < .001). To determine an effect size, we treated each site as a study in a meta-analysis. Using gain scores, the effect size was g=+.66. A more sophisticated treatment of the pooled standard deviation resulted in a corrected effect size of g=.46 with a 95% confidence interval of [+.23,+.70]. Students who received online tutoring and played the related Fog Stone Isle game learned more; our research found the approach to be efficacious. The Pelligrini et al. (2018) meta-analysis of elementary math tutoring programs found g = .26 and was based largely on face-to-face tutoring studies. Thus, this study compares favorably to prior research on face-to-face mathematics tutoring with elementary students. Limitations are discussed; in particular, this is an initial study of an intervention under development. Effects could increase or decrease as development continues and the program scales. Although this study was planned long before the current pandemic, results are particularly timely now that many students are at home under shelter-in-place orders due to COVID-19. The approach taken here is feasible for students at home, with tutors supporting them from a distance. It is also feasible in many other situations where equity could be addressed directly by supporting students via online tutors.
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Gu, B., L. Liang, G. M. Brown, P. V. Bonnesen, B. A. Moyer, S. D. Alexandratos, and R. Ober. A field trial of novel bifunctional resins for removing pertechnetate (TcO{sub 4}{sup {minus}}) from contaminated groundwater. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/663554.
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Historic trail maps of the Raton and Springer 30' x 60' minute quadrangles, New Mexico and Colorado. US Geological Survey, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/i1641.
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