Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Miocardite'
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Domingues, Pedro Miguel Justo. "Uma perspectiva geral sobre miocardites." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/928.
Full textMyocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium with a wide spectrum of presentations ranging from the subtle to the most complex. It is diagnosed by established histological, immunological and immunochemical criteria. It is described as “an inflammatory infiltrate of the myocardium with necrosis and/or degeneration of the adjacent myocites”. It usually manifests in apparently healthy people and may result in rapidly progressive heart failure (sometimes fatal) and arrhythmia. Its incidence is hard to estimate due to its wide variety of presentations. Myocarditis affects mainly males in younger age groups. The Myocarditis is caused by a variety of infectious organisms, autoimmune disorders and exogenous agents and also have some genetic predisposition and environmental. The lesions occur by direct cytotoxic effect of the causative agent, secondary immune response caused by the infectious agent, cytokine expression in the myocardium and aberrant induction of apoptosis. To make the diagnosis there are several invasive and noninvasive studies. Some are still underdeveloped and lack of validation. However, the gold standard for diagnosis of myocarditis is endomyocardial biopsy, despite some risks. The guidelines for the treatment of myocarditis include diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor antagonists and beta blockers. Some studies are still checking the possibility of using antiviral and immunosuppressive therapies. Patients should be advised on lifestyle changes, including reducing sodium intake, fluid restriction and avoidance of the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Patients with fulminant disease have a better prognosis. The persistence of the causative agent and the resulting chronic inflammation worsens the prognosis. Further investigations should be based on trying to find noninvasive diagnostic methods with higher sensitivity and specificity in order to improve the diagnosis avoiding the risks of some existing methods.
Maria, Gama Albuquerque Leão de Menezes Thaysa. "Doença celíaca em pacientes pediátricos com cardiomiopatia dilatada e miocardite." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2011. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/9501.
Full textA percepção da doença celíaca vem mudando nos últimos anos. É descrita uma forma silenciosa, na qual o diagnóstico é realizado mais tardiamente, pois se apresenta com sintomas gastrointestinais discretos e ainda uma forma que se manifesta através de doenças extraintestinais. Estudos mostram uma associação entre doença celíaca e miocardite ou cardiomiopatia dilatada. Mecanismos autoimunes e inflamatórios são descritos, explicando a interação entre o coração e o intestino, através da alteração da permeabilidade intestinal. O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a prevalência de doença celíaca em crianças e adolescentes com miocardite/cardiomiopatia dilatada. A amostra consistiu de 56 crianças acompanhadas no Serviço de Cardiologia do Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira, IMIP, as quais foram submetidas à realização de sorologias antitransglutaminase e antiendomísio. Foi observada uma prevalência de 1,8% (1/56) de doença celíaca, confirmada por biópsia, em pacientes com miocardite/cardiomiopatia dilatada. O quadro clínico da doença celíaca é silencioso nos pacientes com cardiomiopatia dilatada ou miocardite. A prevalência em torno de 1,8% nos pacientes com miocardite ou cardiomiopatia dilatada enfatiza a importância da pesquisa de doença celíaca nesses pacientes para um diagnóstico e tratamento precoce, evitando piora clínica dos pacientes do ponto de vista cardiológico. São necessários mais estudos em crianças para esclarecer a associação
Menezes, Thaysa Maria Gama Albuquerque Leão de. "Doença celíaca em pacientes pediátricos com cardiomiopatia dilatada e miocardite." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2011. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/13397.
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CAPES
A percepção da doença celíaca vem mudando nos últimos anos. É descrita uma forma silenciosa, na qual o diagnóstico é realizado mais tardiamente, pois se apresenta com sintomas gastrointestinais discretos e ainda uma forma que se manifesta através de doenças extraintestinais. Estudos mostram uma associação entre doença celíaca e miocardite ou cardiomiopatia dilatada. Mecanismos autoimunes e inflamatórios são descritos, explicando a interação entre o coração e o intestino, através da alteração da permeabilidade intestinal. O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a prevalência de doença celíaca em crianças e adolescentes com miocardite/cardiomiopatia dilatada. A amostra consistiu de 56 crianças acompanhadas no Serviço de Cardiologia do Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira, IMIP, as quais foram submetidas à realização de sorologias antitransglutaminase e antiendomísio. Foi observada uma prevalência de 1,8% (1/56) de doença celíaca, confirmada por biópsia, em pacientes com miocardite/cardiomiopatia dilatada. O quadro clínico da doença celíaca é silencioso nos pacientes com cardiomiopatia dilatada ou miocardite. A prevalência em torno de 1,8% nos pacientes com miocardite ou cardiomiopatia dilatada enfatiza a importância da pesquisa de doença celíaca nesses pacientes para um diagnóstico e tratamento precoce, evitando piora clínica dos pacientes do ponto de vista cardiológico. São necessários mais estudos em crianças para esclarecer a associação.
Souza, Alda Izabel de. "Estudo clínico da infecção natural por T. cruzi em cães residentes em uma área rural de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101268.
Full textBanca: Raimundo Souza Lopes
Banca: Denise Saretta Schwartz
Banca: Mirela Tinucci Costa
Banca: Mary Marcondes
Resumo: O trabalho teve como objetivo descrever as características clínicas da infecção natural pelo T. cruzi em cães residentes em uma área rural do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Foram utilizados métodos sorológicos convencionais e não convencionais em 75 cães residentes na área e avaliação cardiovascular e da bioquímica sérica em quatro animais confirmadamente chagásicos. Foram usados os testes de reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), ELISA com antígenos da forma epimastigota do T. cruzi (EAE ELISA) e ELISA com antígeno excretado e secretado da forma tripomastigota do T. cruzi (TESA-ELISA), que detectaram anticorpos em 45,33% (n=34), 24,0% (n=18) e 12,0% (n=09) dos cães, respectivamente. A real prevalência da infecção foi confirmada como 10,7% (n=08) pela técnica de immunoblotting com antígeno secretado e excretado da forma tripomastigota do T. cruzi (TESA-blot). O teste com melhor índice de concordância (Kappa; 0,93), sensibilidade (100%) e especificidade (98,5%) foi o TESA-ELISA, que quando associado à RIFI igualou-se aos dados obtidos com o TESA-blot (10,7%). Três dos quatro animais chagásicos apresentaram aumento da silhueta cardíaca direta, aumento da duração de onda P e do complexo QRS. Um cão apresentou bloqueio de ramo direto e outro, bloqueio atrioventricular de primeiro grau e parada sinusal. Notou-se, também, espessamento de parede livre de ventrículo esquerdo em diástole, redução da fração de encurtamento e inversão dos picos de velocidade das onda E e A, indicando disfunção sistólica e diastólica...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This study was conduted to describe the clinical characteristics of the natural infection caused by the T. cruzi in dogs residing in a rural area of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Conventional and nonconventional diagnosis methods were used in 75 dogs living in this area for screening T. cruzi infection. Cardiovascular and biochemical serum were also performed in four confirmed positive dogs. The following tests were used: indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with T .cruzi. epimastigote antigens (EAE ELISA) and enzymelinked immunosorbent assay with T.cruzi excreted-secreted trypomastigote antigens (TESA-ELISA) with detected antibodies in 45,33% (n=34), 24,0% (n=18) and 12,0% (n=09) of the dogs, respectively. The real prevalence of the infection was confirmed as 10,7% (n=08) by immunoblotting test with T. cruzi excreted-secreted antigens (TESAblot). The test with the best concordance index (Kappa; 0,93), sensibility (100%) and specifity (98,5%) was the TESA-ELISA, which, when associated with IFAT had the same as results those obtained with the TESA-blot (10,7%). Three out of the four chagasic animals showed enlarged cardiac silhouette on x-ray and an increase of the P-wave duration and QRS complex in electrocardiogram. Two dogs presented conduction disturbances, right bundle block in one dog and the first-degree atrioventricular block and sinus arrest in another...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Doutor
Finkel, Sophia Akcelrud. "Validação do escore prognóstico de Cardiomiopatia Dilatada e Miocardite na infância e adolescência." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2010. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/5617.
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Instituto Estadual de Diabetes e Endocrinologia Luiz Capriglione. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Fundamento: A insuficiência cardíaca infantil é uma doença grave que apresenta alta taxa de morbidade e mortalidade e alto custo de internação. Entre as causas principais estão a cardiomiopatia dilatada e a miocardite. O transplante cardíaco é a terapia indicada para os casos refratários à terapêutica adequada. Existem fatores limitantes, como a falta de doadores compatíveis, rejeição e problemas relacionados à imunossupressão. Um escore prognóstico para cardiomiopatia dilatada e miocardite seria útil na indicação para transplante cardíaco. Objetivos: Validar o escore prognóstico proposto por Azevedo et al aplicado em crianças e adolescentes portadores de cardiomiopatia dilatada e miocardite. Métodos: Série histórica pediátrica de 54 casos de portadores de cardiomiopatia dilatada ou miocardite de ambos os sexos, diagnosticados entre 1990 e 2007. As variáveis estudadas foram: sexo, idade, diagnóstico clínico de cardiomiopatia dilatada ou miocardite, tipo de desfecho (sobrevivência ou óbito) e as variáveis que compõem o escore: classe funcional na apresentação (NYHA), índice cardiotorácico máximo durante a evolução, fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo, presença de insuficiência mitral moderada/grave e de arritmia ventricular. Foi construída uma curva ROC a partir da soma dos valores de escore e confrontada com a curva ROC do trabalho original através do teste de comparação de curvas ROC. Resultados: as populações foram consideradas semelhantes quanto à idade, gênero e gravidade da doença. A área sob a curva do trabalho original foi de 0,881±0,028 e a da validação foi de 0,871±0,049. As áreas das duas curvas ROC são praticamente idênticas (p=0,77). Conclusão: Este estudo validou o escore proposto. A validação do escore permite predizer a evolução da criança e do adolescente portador de cardiomiopatia dilatada e de miocardite. O Escore poderá ser útil na indicação de transplante cardíaco neste grupo de pacientes.
Background: Pediatric heart failure is a serious illness that leads to high morbidity and mortality rates, besides of carrying a high treatment cost. Among the major etiology, dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis are highlight. Heart transplantation is the therapy for refractory heart failure. There are limiting factors, such as the lack of compatible donors, rejection and immunosuppression. A prognostic score would be useful in this indication. Objectives: To validate the score proposed by Azevedo et al applied in children and adolescents diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis. Methods: This is a cohort covering 54 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy or myocarditis, both genders, diagnosed between 1990 and 2007. The studied variables were gender, age, and myocarditis or dilated cardiomyopathy clinical diagnosis, outcome (survival or death), and the score variables: functional class (NYHA criteria) at presentation, maximum cardiothoracic index, left ventricular ejection fraction, mitral regurgitation grade III/IV and ventricular arrhythmia. A ROC curve was built based on score values sums and compared with original ROC trough ROC comparison test. Results: The cohort was considered similar in age, gender, and illness severity. Both ROC curve areas are practically identical (p=0.77). Conclusion: This study validated the proposed score. The score validation allows predicting child and adolescent with dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis outcome. This score may be useful to indicate cardiac transplantation for this patients group.
Souza, Alda Izabel de [UNESP]. "Estudo clínico da infecção natural por T. cruzi em cães residentes em uma área rural de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101268.
Full textFundação Manoel de Barros
O trabalho teve como objetivo descrever as características clínicas da infecção natural pelo T. cruzi em cães residentes em uma área rural do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Foram utilizados métodos sorológicos convencionais e não convencionais em 75 cães residentes na área e avaliação cardiovascular e da bioquímica sérica em quatro animais confirmadamente chagásicos. Foram usados os testes de reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), ELISA com antígenos da forma epimastigota do T. cruzi (EAE ELISA) e ELISA com antígeno excretado e secretado da forma tripomastigota do T. cruzi (TESA-ELISA), que detectaram anticorpos em 45,33% (n=34), 24,0% (n=18) e 12,0% (n=09) dos cães, respectivamente. A real prevalência da infecção foi confirmada como 10,7% (n=08) pela técnica de immunoblotting com antígeno secretado e excretado da forma tripomastigota do T. cruzi (TESA-blot). O teste com melhor índice de concordância (Kappa; 0,93), sensibilidade (100%) e especificidade (98,5%) foi o TESA-ELISA, que quando associado à RIFI igualou-se aos dados obtidos com o TESA-blot (10,7%). Três dos quatro animais chagásicos apresentaram aumento da silhueta cardíaca direta, aumento da duração de onda P e do complexo QRS. Um cão apresentou bloqueio de ramo direto e outro, bloqueio atrioventricular de primeiro grau e parada sinusal. Notou-se, também, espessamento de parede livre de ventrículo esquerdo em diástole, redução da fração de encurtamento e inversão dos picos de velocidade das onda E e A, indicando disfunção sistólica e diastólica...
This study was conduted to describe the clinical characteristics of the natural infection caused by the T. cruzi in dogs residing in a rural area of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Conventional and nonconventional diagnosis methods were used in 75 dogs living in this area for screening T. cruzi infection. Cardiovascular and biochemical serum were also performed in four confirmed positive dogs. The following tests were used: indirect immunofluorescence test (IFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with T .cruzi. epimastigote antigens (EAE ELISA) and enzymelinked immunosorbent assay with T.cruzi excreted-secreted trypomastigote antigens (TESA-ELISA) with detected antibodies in 45,33% (n=34), 24,0% (n=18) and 12,0% (n=09) of the dogs, respectively. The real prevalence of the infection was confirmed as 10,7% (n=08) by immunoblotting test with T. cruzi excreted-secreted antigens (TESAblot). The test with the best concordance index (Kappa; 0,93), sensibility (100%) and specifity (98,5%) was the TESA-ELISA, which, when associated with IFAT had the same as results those obtained with the TESA-blot (10,7%). Three out of the four chagasic animals showed enlarged cardiac silhouette on x-ray and an increase of the P-wave duration and QRS complex in electrocardiogram. Two dogs presented conduction disturbances, right bundle block in one dog and the first-degree atrioventricular block and sinus arrest in another...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Lima, Ricardo Santana de. "Terapia celular em camundongos com cardiopatia chagásica crônica: mecanismos envolvidos na miocardite chagásica Crônica experimental." Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, 2010. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/7156.
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Universidade Federal da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil
A cardiomiopatia chagásica crõnica é uma das principais causas de insuficiência cardiaca nos palses latino-americanos. Cerca de 30% dos indivlduos intectados pelo Trypanosoma cruzi desenvolvem essa forma grave e sintomática da doença, caracterizada pela presença de uma resposta inflamatória intensa seguida de fibrose no coração. Foi demonstrado previamente que o transplante de céluias da medula óssea (BMC) melhora a inflamação e a fibrose em corações de camundongos chagásicos crônicos. Neste trabalho nós investigamos alteraçôes da expressão gênica no coração de camundongos chagásicos crônicos submetidos ou não à terapia BMC. Camundongos C57Bl/6 cronicamente infectados com T. cruzi (6 meses) foram transplantados com céluias mononucleares da medula Óssea (BMC) ou solução salina intravenosamente (I.v.) e sacrificados após 2 meses. RNA foi extraido de coraçôes de animais controles normais e chagásicos. Análise de microarranjos de DNA foi realizada utilizando uma matriz de 27.400 cDNAs. imunofluorescéncia e análises morfométricas foram realizadas em secções dos corações. Foram encontradas aiterações significativas na expressão de -12% dos genes amostrados. Genes com expressão aumentada nos corações chagásicos foram associados com as respostas imune-inflamatória (quimiocinas, moléculas de adesão, catepsinas e molécuias de MHC) e fibrose (componentes da matriz extracelular, lisli oxidase e Timp1). Quando corações chagásicos de animais tratados com BMC foram comparados Com o de animais normais, cerca de 90% das alterações gênicas não foram encontradas. Muitos dos genes Com expressão moduiada pelo tratamento Com BMC foram relacionados à infiamação e fibrose. Imunofluorescência e análise morfométrica confirmaram os efeilos moduiadores da terapia com BMC no padrão de resposta inflamatória e na expressão de moléculas de adesão. Nossos resultados demonstram um importante efeito imunomodulador do BMC e indicam fatores potencialmente relevantes envolvidos na patogénese da doença, que pOdem constituir novos alvos terapéuticos para esta doença. Para investigar a contribuição natural das células da medula óssea nas lesões no coração e músculo esquelético durante a infecção aguda pelo T. cruzi, camundongos qUiméricos foram gerados através do transplante de céiulas da medula óssea GFp. em camundongos receptores do tipo selvagem letaimente irradiados que foram infectados com T. cruzi um més após o transplante. A migração de céluias derivadas da medula óssea para o coração e músculo esquelético foi vista durante e após a fase aguda da infecção, uma vez que o infiltrado inflamatório era composto por células GFp.. Cardiomiócitos e células endoteliais GFp. Foram encontrados nas secções de coração de camundongos qUiméricos infectados. Além disso, um grande número de fibras GFp. foi observado no músculo esquelético de camundongos qUiméricos em diferentes momentos após a infecção por T. cruzi. Nossos resuitados reforçam o papel das células derivadas da medula óssea na regeneração tecidual em lesões provocadas pela infecção por T. cruzi.
Chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy is a leading cause of heart failure in Latin American countries. About 30% of Trypanosoma cmz/-lnfected individuals develop this severe symptomatic form of the disease, characterized by intense inflammatory response followed by fibrosis in the heart. We have previously shown that bone marrow cell (BMC) transplantation improves inflammation and fibrosis in hearts of mice with chronic Chagas’ disease. Here we investigated alterations of gene expression in the hearts of chronic chagasic mice submitted or not to BMC therapy. [METHODS] C57BI/6 mice chronically infected with T. cruzi (6 months) were transplanted with bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMC) or saline solution intravenously (i.v.) and sacrificed 2 months later. RNA was extracted from the hearts of normal controls and chagasic mice. DNA microarray analysis was performed using an array of 27,400 mouse cDNAs. Immunofluorescence and morphometric analyses were performed in heart sections. [RESULTS] We found significant alterations in expression of -12% of the sampled genes. Extensive upregulations in chagasic hearts were associated with immune-inflammatory responses (chemokines, adhesion molecules, cathepsins and MHC molecules) and fibrosis (extracellular matrix components, lysyl oxidase and Timp1). When BMC-treated chagasic hearts were compared to normal mice, about 90% of the alterations were not found. Many of the genes with expression modulated by BMC were related to inflammation and fibrosis. Immunofluorescence and morphometric analyses confirmed the modulatory effects of BMC therapy in the pattern of inflammatory response and expression of adhesion molecules. Our results demonstrate an important immunomodulatory effect of BMC and indicate potentially relevant factors involved in the pathogenesis of the disease which may provide new therapeutic targets. To investigate the natural contribution of bone marrow cells on lesions in the heart and striated muscle during acute T. cruzi infection, chimeric mice were generated by transplanting GFP"" bone marrow cells into lethally irradiated wild-type recipient mice and infected with T. cruzi one month after transplantation. Migration of bone marrow-derived cells to the heart and striated muscle was seen during and after the acute phase of infection, since the inflammatory infiltrate was composed by GPP"" cells. GFP"" cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells were found in the heart sections of chimeric chagasic mice. In addition, a large number of GFP^ myofibers were seen in the striated muscle of chimeric mice at difl'erent time points after infection. [CONCLUSION] Our results reinforce the role of bone marrow-derived cells in tissue regeneration in lesions caused by T. cruzi infection.
Rymer, Rafaela Viegas. "Estudo da participação do sistema de cininas na patogenia da miocardite murina decorrente da infecção experimental pelo Trypanosoma cruzi." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2008. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/13495.
Full textFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Uma das principais patologias relacionadas à Doença de Chagas é a cardiopatia chagásica, sendo uma das principais causas de morte durante a fase aguda da infecção. A cardiopatia aguda difere da crônica, devido ao processo inflamatório intenso e a presença de ninhos de parasitas, diferente do processo fibrótico e praticamente ausência de parasitas, observando durante a fase crônica. As cininas são um grupo de proteínas vasoativas que apresentam uma relação estreita com a infectividade do Trypasonoma cruzi. Diversos autores descrevem a capacidade do T. cruzi em ativar o sistema de cininas e infectar células, sendo sua infectividade, potencializada, pela inibição da degradação dessas moléculas. Cininas podem induzir resistência à infecção pelo T. cruzi através da ativação de células dendríticas, pela via de sinalização dependente de B2R. Recentemente, foi demonstrado que camundongos tratados com captopril durante o curso da infecção desenvolvem menos fibrose e necrose do tecido cardíaco e redução da inflamação Assim, nós decidimos investigar o papel do sistema de cininas na formação da cardiopatia chagásica, durante a fase da infecção experimental pelo T. cruzi. Nossos resultados demonstram que o sistema de cininas não é capaz de modular a curva de parasitemia, nem a celularidade de órgãos linfóides primários e secundários durante a fase aguda da infecção experimental, com a exceção de HOE-140, que foi capaz de inibir o aumento da celularidade descrito para linfonodos subcutâneos durante a fase aguda. Por outro lado, as cininas são capazes de modular a expressão de moléculas de matriz extracelular no coração. Nós observamos que a potencialização do sistema de cininas aumenta o infiltrado inflamatório na fase aguda, e que o bloqueio do B2R parece agravar essa situação, enquanto que o processo de formação da fibrose é inversamente proporcional ao aporte celular. Nossos dados sugerem que a via de cininas participa da formação da cardiopatia, durante a fase aguda da infecção e que possivelmente existe um mecanismo compensatório agindo através de B1R, para assumir parte da atividade vasoativa de B2R
One of the major pathologies related to Chaga`s Disease is the cardiomyopathy, being one of the main cause of death during the acute phase of the infection. The acute cardiomyopathy differs from the chronic, due to the intense inflammatory process and the presence of parasite’s nests, opposed to the fibrotic and almost absence of parasite’s observed during the chronic phase. Kinins are a group of vasoactive proteins that have a tight relationship with Trypanosoma cruzi’s infection. Authors described the T. cruzi’s capacity to activate the kinin system and infect cells, and that its infectivity is potentiated by the inhibition of kinin’s degradation. Kinins may induce acquired resistance to T. cruzi infection through the activation of dendritic cells via B2R/kinin signaling pathway. A recent work demonstrated that mice treated with captopril during the course of infection, present less fibrosis and necrosis of the cardiac tissue and reduction of inflammation. Thus, we decided to investigate the role of the kinin system on the formation of the chagasic cardiomyopathy. Our results demonstrate that the kinin system can’t modulate the parasitemy curve nor the cellularity of primary and secondary lymphoid organs during the acute phase of the experimental infection, with the exception of HOE-140, who down modulated the increased cellularity described in subcutaneous lymph nodes during the acute phase. On the other hand, kinins can modulate the expression of extracellular matrix molecules on the heart. We observed that the potentiation of the kinin system increases the inflammatory infiltrate during the acute phase, and the blockage of the B2R seems to aggravate it, while the fibrosis process is inversely proportional to the inflammation. Our data suggests that the kinin system participates in the formation of the cardiopathy, during the acute phase of the infection, and there might be compensatory mechanism acting through the B1R to assume some of B2R’s vasoactive activity during B2R blockage
Portella, Renata Siqueira. "Presença de células dendríticas ativadas e das células T CD4+CD25hi na miocardite aguda e crônica da doença de chagas, em camundongos de linhagens resistente e susceptível." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2013. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/7300.
Full textMade available in DSpace on 2014-02-07T18:23:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renata Siqueira Portella.. Presença de células....pdf: 2025004 bytes, checksum: a85d3195f20f2a79bd6ff1b32049c260 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina. Salvador, BA, Brasil
A doença de Chagas é caracterizada por apresentar duas fases com curso clínico bastante variável. Na fase aguda ocorre uma intensa miocardite, sendo o parasita facilmente detectado no sangue periférico e nos tecidos. A fase crônica cardíaca é caracterizada por uma cardiopatia, com intensa destruição das fibras cardíacas, presença de áreas de fibrose e escassos parasitas. Os mecanismos envolvidos na patogenia dessa miocardite ainda não são muito claros. Acredita-se que as células reguladoras e as células dendríticas estejam envolvidas nesse processo. Para compreender os mecanismos envolvidos, na resposta inflamatória à infecção pelo T. cruzi, resolvemos investigar a participação das células dendríticas, das células reguladoras e o perfil dos linfócitos T CD4+ e CD8+, utilizando duas linhagens de camundongos isogênicos, que apresentam diferentes graus de susceptibilidade a infecção. Em nossos resultados constatamos que os camundongos DBA/1 apresentaram maior sobrevida à fase aguda (90%), mesmo tratando os camundongos A (70%) com benzonidazol por três dias consecutivos, com o intuito de diminuir a carga parasitária prevenindo a alta mortalidade. A resistência dos DBA/1 e a susceptibilidade dos A, a infecção pelo T. cruzi, estaria relacionada ao perfil da resposta inflamatória e regulatória desenvolvida no decorrer da doença. Observamos que os camundongos DBA/1 possuem mais células dendríticas ativadas no baço e coração e mais células T CD4+CD25hi do que os camundongos da linhagem A. Essa diferença do perfil de resposta pode estar provocando uma maior expansão e diferenciação dos linfócitos T CD4+ pelas células dendríticas, levando ao controle da carga parasitaria.
Chagas’diseasse, due to Trypanosoma cruzi infection is characterized by the development of two phases with a variable clinical course. During the acute phase there occurs a severe myocarditis with the parasite being easily detected in peripheral blood and tissues. The chronic cardiac phase is characterized as a chronic cardiopathy, when severe destruction of cardiac myocells and fibrosis are present and parasites are rare. The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this myocarditis are somewhat obscure. It is believed that regulatory and dendritic cells play a role in this process. In an attempt to clarify the mechanisms involved in the inflammatory response to infection with T. cruzi we decided to investigate the participation of dendritic and regulatory cells and of TCD4 and TCD8 lymphocytes, using two strains of isogenic mice , which exhibit different degrees of susceptibility to infection. Our results have shown that the DBA/1 mice presented a higher survival (90%) in the acute phase than the A mice (70%), even when these were treated with Benznidazole for three consecutive days, with the objective of to reduce the parasitemia and the high mortality. Resistance of DBA/1 mice and susceptibility of A mice could be related to the evolution of the inflammatory and regulatory responses, during the infection. It was seen that DBA/1 mice disclosed a higher number of activated dendritic cells in the spleen and heart and a higher number of T CD4+CD25hi than the mice of A strain. This differences of the response could be influencing in the TCD4 differentiation and on the control of parasitic load
Lima, Mayra de Castro Ferreira. "Avaliação eletrocardiográfica na ehrlichiose monocítica canina aguda." Botucatu, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154398.
Full textResumo: A ehrlichiose monocítica canina (EMC) é uma enfermidade causada pela bactéria Ehrlichia canis, mundialmente difundida, principalmente em regiões de clima quente devido à maciça presença de seu vetor, o carrapato Rhipicephalus sanguineus. A miocardite infeciosa em cães é comprovada por estudos histopatológicos na ehrlichiose monocítica canina em fase crônica. Estudos anteriores demonstraram arritmias associadas a miocardite em cães com EMC na fase crônica, porém os estudos relacionados às afecções cardíacas na EMC durante a fase agudas são escassos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as alterações cardíacas elétricas e a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca no dominio do tempo e da frequência em cães com ehrlichiose monocítica aguda. Foram avaliados 22 animais divididos em dois grupos: grupo controle (GC) composto por 10 cães saudáveis e grupo doente (GD), composto por 12 cães infectados naturalmente por ehrlichiose, apresentando sinais clínicos e hematológicos da doença na fase aguda. Foi realizado eletrocardiograma convencional, eletrocardiograma ambulatorial Holter, aferição da pressão arterial sistêmica, hemograma e análises bioquimicas (uréia, creatinina, ALT, FA e GGT). Os resultados encontrados no GD demonstraram predomínio da atividade do sistema nervoso autônomo simpático sobre o parassimpático com aumento da frequência cardíaca média e diminuição dos índices de variabilidade da frequência cardíaca no domínio do tempo e da frequência. Quanto ao ritmo cardíac... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is a disease caused by the bacteria Ehrlichia canis, which is widespread worldwide, especially in hot climates due to the massive presence of its vector, the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The infectious myocarditis in dogs is confirmed by histopathological studies on canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in the chronic phase. Previous studies have demonstrated arrhythmias associated with myocarditis in dogs with chronic phase EMC, but studies related to heart conditions in acute phase EMC are scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate cardiac changes and heart rate variability in time and frequency domain. Twenty-two animals were divided into two groups: a control group (CG) composed of 10 healthy dogs and a sick group (DG), composed of twelve dogs naturally infected by ehrlichiosis, presenting clinical and haematological signs of the disease in the acute phase. A conventional electrocardiogram, Holter ambulatory electrocardiogram, blood pressure measurement, blood count and biochemical analyzes (urea, creatinine, ALP, ALT, and GGT) were performed. In GD, the predominance of sympathetic autonomic nervous system activity on the parasympathetic was observed, with an increase in mean heart rate and a decrease in heart rate variability indexes in time and frequency domain. As to heart rate, 58.33% of the animals presented predominant sinus tachycardia. No significant clinical repercussion arrhythmias were observed during the monitoring of the animals... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
VARRENTI, MARISA. "PROGNOSTIC PERFORMANCE OF CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDITIS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/392357.
Full textBACKGROUND: Identifying reliable markers associated with events after acute myocarditis (AM) is clinically relevant to planning a future follow-up. We aimed to clarify the prognostic performance of previously described cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) markers including septal late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), versus evidence of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)<50% on baseline CMRI, vs. complicated clinical presentation (CCP) of AM (defined as the presence of sustained ventricular arrhythmias [SVT] or LVEF <50% on the first echocardiogram of fulminant presentation). METHODS: We assessed 248 AM patients with onset of cardiac symptoms <30 days before admission, increased troponin, and CMRI consistent with myocarditis (median time from admission to CMRI of 6 days). The patients were retrospectively collected between February 2006 and April 2019 from 6 hospitals with a median follow-up of 1708 days (first to third quartile [Q1-Q3], 1000-2751). We assessed the prognostic performance of septal LGE vs. LVEF<50% on CMRI vs. CCP. RESULTS: The study population had a median age of 34 years (Q1-Q3: 23-41) with a male prevalence of 87.1% and a median LVEF of 61% (Q1-Q3, 55-66%) on baseline CMRI. Thirteen patients (5.2%) experienced at least one major cardiac event (including cardiac death, heart transplantation (N=1), aborted cardiac death (N=3), SVT (N=5), or heart failure hospitalization (N=5). Among these 13 patients, 10 (76.9%) had septal LGE, 8 (61.5%) had LVEF<50%, on CMRI, and 12 (92.3%) had a CCP. The best performance for these prognostic markers was the negative predictive value (NPV) ranging between 0.98 and 0.99 for CCP, while predictive value was low, ranging between 0.14 and 0.25 for LVEF<50%. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that the rate of major cardiac events after an AM is relatively low, and septal LGE, LVEF<50% on CMRI, and CCP are significantly associated with events. The most relevant finding is the high NPV of these markers to identify patients without events after an AM. This observation can help clinicians to monitor the patients after an AM, in fact, patients without these markers had an uneventful follow-up.
Teixeira, Priscila Camillo. "Análise proteômica no miocárdio de pacientes com cardiomiopatia chagásica crônica: alterações no metabolismo energético cardíaco." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5146/tde-10032010-115045/.
Full textThe pathogenesis of Chagas disease cardiomyopathy (CCC) is still controversial. CCC is characterized by an intense cardiac inflammatory infiltrate; infiltrating T lymphocytes produce inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. Patients afflicted by CCC display a worse prognosis when compared to patients afflicted by non-inflammatory cardiomyopathies such as idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (IC), suggesting that inflammatory mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease. In addition, previous evidence from our group suggested the presence of energy metabolism changes in CCC. In the present work, we compared the protein expression profile of the myocardium of patients with CCC, IDC, IC, and noncardiomyopathic subjects, with focus on energetic metabolism-related proteins. We used bidimensional electrophoresis to analyze the protein expression profile in the myocardium of patients afflicted by CCC, and proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. The majority of spots were identified as structural proteins or metabolism proteins, especially of energy metabolism. We were also able to identify apoptosis-, immune system- and stress response-related proteins. Using fluorescent labeling, we analyzed the differential expression profile in the myocardium of CCC, IDC and IC patients, from a total of 683 spots and 230 distinct proteins identified. We observed that the protein expression profile of CCC patients is the most distinct when compared to non-cardiomyopathic subjects. On the other hand, the protein expression profile of IC patients is similar, at some extent, to the expression profile of non-cardiomyopathic patients. We also found altered expression of proteins related to apoptosis (e.g. cathepsin D and Akt2), oxidative stress (e.g. catalase), endoplasmic reticulum stress (e.g. disulfilte isomerase protein), cardiac remodeling (e.g. gelsolin) among CCC, IDC and IC patients when compared to noncardiomyopathic patients. Most of these proteins, if not all, play fundamental roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. We also showed that the myocardium of patients afflicted by CCC display altered expression of several mitochondrial proteins associated to energy metabolism in the glycolysis, Krebs cycle, betaoxidation, oxidative phosphorylation, and creatine kinase complex when compared to non-cardiomyopathic subjects. Although some of these changes were shared with IDC samples, and, to a lesser extent, with CI samples, Western blot analysis demonstrated that CCC samples showed the most extreme reduction in protein expression of the creatine kinase system, including its enzymatic activity. We also observed with Western blot analysis that proteins from the ATP synthase complex (subunits alpha and beta) showed decreased expression in myocardium of CCC patients when compared to non-cardiomyopathic subjects and when compared to IC patients. We also observed an increase in the protein expression of stress proteins, including those involved in the oxidative stress response, those associated to apoptosis, and immune system proteins in CCC myocardium, along with increased expression of the immunoproteasome subunit and proteins associated to protein degradation. Taken together, our results suggest that diminished expression of proteins fundamental for ATP generation, increased expression of apoptosisassociated proteins and immune system proteins in the myocardium of CCC patients when compared to IC and IDC patients may be associated to CCC progression. The analysis of the protein expression profile has identified groups of proteins whose expression pattern is able to discriminate the myocardium samples by etiology. This may help to find novel peripheral biomarkers of CCC and other cardiomyopathies, as well as in the understanding of mechanisms of disease progression and structural/molecular alterations of the inflamed myocardium.
Lluís, Padierna Meritxell. "Estudi de la regeneració miocàrdica en la miocardiopatia alcohòlica i la seva relació amb el dany funcional i estructural miocàrdic, activació d’apoptosi i activitat miostatina." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/51661.
Full textChronic effect of alcohol on the myocardium may induce increase of apoptosis as well as inhibition of myocyte proliferation through increased myostatin activity. We hypothesize that this imbalance would induce a clear loss of total myocyte volume and progressive cardiac dysfunction. We evaluated myocyte proliferation response in the heart of chronic alcoholic donors with telomerase activity (TERT) compared to Ki-67 nuclear expression, the activity of myocyte miostatin and myocardial apoptosis. Heart samples were prospectively obtained from organ donors on life support. We included donors with 1) High lifetime alcohol consumption, 2)Longstanding hypertension , 3) Other causes of CMP (valve, coronary or idiopathic) and 4) Previously healthy donors . Groups 2 and 3 were subdivided according to the presence of CMP. Evaluation comprised parameters of ethanol consumption, left ventricular (LV) function by chest X ray and 2-D echocardiography and histology and immunohistochemical studies. Conclusions: Toxic myocardial effects of alcohol produce myocyte loss through apoptosis, but also inhibit myocyte proliferation through an up-regulation in myostatin expression. The final result is a net loss in ventricular myocyte mass, and progressive ventricular dysfunction. Inhibition of the myocardial myostatin activity as well as reduction in myocyte apoptosis could be future useful approaches in alcoholic CMP. Heart Ki-67 proliferation activity increases in organ donors with CMP, independently of its origin. Alcoholics presented non-significant lower myocyte proliferation capacity compared to the other groups of CMP. TERT activity was not a useful marker of proliferation in this model. Ki-67 is a better procedure to evaluate proliferation than TERT expression in alcohol–induced heart damage.
Magalhães, Aline Oliveira Coelho. "Alterações histopatológicas em miocárdio de cães com parvovirose." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2008. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/12951.
Full textParvovirose é uma enfermidade viral caracterizada por gastroenterite hemorrágica aguda, cujo agente etiológico é parvovírus canino (PVC), vírus estável no ambiente, capaz de suportar variações de pH e temperaturas altas, resistente a vários desinfetantes comuns, podendo sobreviver por muitos meses em áreas contaminadas. Há duas formas clínicas comuns da doença: a miocárdica e a gastroentérica. No Brasil a doença eclodiu subitamente na população canina no ano de 1978. Objetiva-se com este trabalho analisar microscopicamente o miocárdio de cães com teste de detecção de antígenos parvovírus nas fezes. Das 100 amostras do miocárdio ventricular esquerdo, enviadas ao Laboratório de Histopatologia da Universidade de Uberaba, foram observadas as seguintes alterações: miocardite 38%, hemorragia 43%, degeneração hialina 21% hiperemia 79%. Ao realizar o teste Qui-Quadrado com nível de significância de 0,05, concluiu-se que existe associação (p = 0,02) entre animais infectados com o vírus da parvovirose e as alterações histopatológicas observadas no miocárdio ventricular esquerdo.
Mestre em Ciências Veterinárias
Torreão, Jorge Andion. "Avaliação da inflamação miocárdica na doença de Chagas por ressonância magnética cardiovascular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-20052015-120918/.
Full textBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Chagas\' heart disease (CHD) is a major public health problem in South America, and the pathogenesis of this disease is not yet fully understood, but inflammation and myocardial fibrosis seem to play a central role in the process of chronic and progressive myocardial damage. Previous descriptions from our group demonstrated the ability of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) accurately identify myocardial fibrosis in patients with CHD. CMR shown to be effective for assessing myocardial edema, a marker of inflammation, and is highly sensitive for the detection of thrombi, especially in the left ventricle in other pathologies such as myocarditis and myocardial infarct. The assessment of myocardial edema by CMR in patients with CHD has not been evaluated. We believe to be of potential diagnostic and prognostic value to investigate the presence of myocardial edema and fibrosis in patients in the three clinical forms of this disease. METHODS: Fifty-four patients with Chagas\' disease were analyzed: 16 patients with the indeterminate phase (IF), 17 patients with the cardiac form without left ventricular systolic dysfunction (CFWO), and 21 patients with the cardiac form with left ventricular systolic dysfunctional form (CFSD). All patients underwent 1.5-T cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) using the myocardial delayed enhancement sequence (MDE), T2-weighted sequence and the T1 weighted global enhancement after contrast sequence, to identify fibrosis, edema and hyperemia, respectively. RESULTS: Myocardial fibrosis was found in 39 subjects, 72.2% of the entire sample. Myocardial fibrosis was detected in 2 patients (12.5%) with the indeterminate form, representing an average mass of fibrosis of 0.85 ± 2.47 g. Patients with the CFWO almost entirely, 16 patients (94.1%) showed fibrosis, representing an average mass of fibrosis of 13.0 ± 10.8 g. All patients with the CFSD had myocardial fibrosis (21 patients) additionally had greater average mass of fibrosis 11.9 ± 25g. The myocardial edema was found in 40 subjects, 74.0% of the entire sample. The extent of myocardial edema was determined by the number of segments affected. We identified three patients (18.8%) from the indeterminate form with myocardial edema, an average of 0.31 ± 0.87. The CFWO presented a high presence of edema in 16 individuals (94.1%) distributed in an average of 3.24 ± 2.3 segments. All patients with the CFSD presented myocardial edema, an average of 3.67 ± 1.82 segments. (p < 0.001). There was significant correlation between the amount of myocardial fibrosis and myocardial edema with the severity of the clinical forms ( p < 0.001 ), functional class ( p < 0.001 ), LV ejection fraction ( p < 0.001 ) and left ventricular diastolic volume ( p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Myocardial fibrosis and inflammation were detected by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with Chagas\' disease in all stages of chronic disease, including those patients without heart disease or cardiomyopathy without ventricular dysfunction. The amount of fibrosis and myocardial edema correlates with the severity of the clinical, functional class, LV ejection fraction and LV dilation
Caldentey, Adrover Guillem R. "Paper del sistema GAS6-TAM en el remodelat ventricular post infart agut de miocardi." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663844.
Full textDuring the acute phase of an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), necrotic myocytes are progressively replaced by fibrotic tissue by an active and complex process involving multiple cell types. Inflammation is highly variable across individuals and an excessive response can have catastrophic consequences. The GAS6-TAM system (ligand-receptor) play an important role in inflammation regulation and efferocytosis after cardiac injury. In the present work, plasmatic GAS6 and AXL (TAM receptor) levels were measured in the acute phase and at 6 months after STEMI in 227 patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention and are compared with a control group. A progressive increase in plasma AXL levels were found after STEMI suggesting that GAS6–TAM activation is triggered at the moment of the acute event and remains activated during the healing period. Patients who presented heart failure and cardiac remodeling had higher AXL values. Plasma AXL levels also correlated with the extracellular volume (ECV) measured by T1 mapping in the remote myocardium. It is reasonable to speculate whether the GAS6–TAM system, and particularly AXL, may be involved in myocardial repair processes at long-term. This contribution may be independent of other biomarkers as natriuretic peptides or troponin, more related to the necrotic extension. These results suggest that early monitoring of plasma AXL levels after STEMI could be useful as a prognostic marker to identify those patients in whom a more aggressive renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system suppression and beta-blocker titration could be necessary. On the other hand, lower GAS6 (ligand) levels were detected in the acute phase after STEMI compared to a control group, probably reflecting a higher risk for cardiovascular events. These levels increased after 6 months being comparable to the control group. Low plasma GAS6 levels could be used as a cardiovascular risk marker and could help to identify those patients in whom a more aggressive statin treatment deserve consideration.
Medina, Tiago da Silva. "Participação do eixo Th17/IL-27 no controle da infecção experimental com Trypanosoma cruzi." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17147/tde-02052014-160055/.
Full textIL-27 is a heterodimeric cytokine produced by macrophages and dendritic cells known to induce IL-10-producing Tr1 cells and to regulate Th1, Th2, and Th17 lymphocytes, depending on the underlying disease. Because the infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi normally induces myocarditis mirrored by an outstanding migration of Th1 cells to the heart tissue, we analyzed the regulatory role of IL-27 in this inflammatory condition. We firstly verified that IL-27 was promptly induced by in vitro T. cruzi-infected spleen cells. To generate a robust myocarditis coordinated by Th1 lymphocytes, we polarized lymphocytes to a Th1 pattern by infecting mice in the absence of Th17-related molecules (IL-17R-/-, IL-23-/-, and IL-6-/- mice). As expected, an impressive cardiac inflammation and damage was observed in the absence of Th17-related molecules, leading IL-17R-/-, IL-23-/-, and IL-6-/- mice to the premature death, precisely and notably by inducing an exuberant Th1 migration to the heart tissue via CXCL9 and CXCL10 chemokines. To explore the mechanisms by which IL-27 controls T. cruzi-induced myocarditis, we found a striking recruitment of IL-27-producing macrophages to the heart tissue mediated by increased levels of CCL3 and CCL4 chemokines in the absence of Th17-associated molecules. To gain further insights into the receptors required to IL-27 production, we observed that bone marrow-derived macrophages from TLR4-/-, TLR9-/-, and NLRP3-/- mice completely abolished IL-27 production after in vitro T. cruzi infection, while TLR2 was dispensable. We also verified that IL-27-producing macrophages supressed Th1 lymphocytes by inducing IL-10-producing Tr1 cells after T. cruzi infection. We next assessed whether IL-27 was correlated to cardiac protection during Chagas Disease. We observed augmented serum levels of IL-27 in either patients with indeterminate (asymptomatic) form or mild cardiac form, whereas patients with moderate or severe cardiomyopathy were poor producers of IL-27. Here, we described a novel regulatory mechanism developed by IL-27-producing macrophages in the control of T. cruzi-induced myocarditis. IL-27-producing macrophages can suppress inflammatory processes caused by Th1 lymphocytes, the bona fide culprits of Chagas Disease.
Grizzo, Andréia [UNESP]. "Cardiomiopatia dilatada em pediatria: proposta de protocolo para diagnóstico e tratamento." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151591.
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INTRODUÇÃO: Cardiomiopatia é uma alteração do miocárdio em que o músculo do coração é estruturalmente e/ou funcionalmente anormal, na ausência de doença de artérias coronárias, hipertensão arterial, doenças valvares e cardiopatias congênitas. A Cardiomiopatia dilatada é o tipo mais frequente na faixa etária pediátrica, caracterizando-se por apresentar dilatação do ventrículo esquerdo com disfunção sistólica na ausência de condições de carga anormais, com incidência de aproximadamente 0,57 casos/100.000 habitantes ao ano e maior prevalência no sexo masculino. Apresenta curso progressivo, elevado custo de tratamento e é a principal causa de transplante cardíaco em pediatria. Em cinco anos de acompanhamento, aproximadamente 2,5% evoluem com morte súbita e 29% tem indicação de transplante cardíaco. A etiologia ao diagnóstico é pouco conhecida, permanecendo a causa idiopática como a mais frequente, incluindo entre elas causas genéticas e familiares não identificadas, seguida das miocardites. O diagnóstico é baseado em sintomas de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC) ou alterações em exames de imagem na ausência de sinais de ICC. O exame complementar mais importante é o ecocardiograma com doppler colorido que permite a avaliação da dilatação do VE, fração de ejeção do VE (FEVE) <55% e/ou hipocinesia de VE. O tratamento na fase aguda da doença deve ser baseado na classificação hemodinâmica, sendo utilizados inibidores da enzima de conversão da angiotensina (IECA), betabloqueadores, diuréticos e drogas inotrópicas positivas, principalmente nos casos de descompensação clínica mais grave. OBJETIVO: Padronizar um protocolo para o diagnóstico e tratamento da cardiomiopatia dilatada na faixa etária pediátrica de acordo com nossa realidade institucional, baseado nas melhores evidências disponíveis na literatura. METODOLOGIA:Estudo de revisão da literatura realizado nas principais fontes: Pubmed, Embase, LILACS, Cochrane e Uptodate; priorizando os publicados nos últimos 10 anos. RESULTADO:Há poucos estudos sobre o diagnóstico e tratamento de cardiomiopatia dilatada em pediatria com bom nível de evidência. Um algoritmo para o diagnóstico e tratamento baseado nas melhores evidências disponíveis na literatura e nas condições existentes em nosso serviço foi construído e será disponibilizado junto aos médicos responsáveis pelo atendimento aos pacientes pediátricos com diagnóstico de cardiomiopatia dilatada. CONCLUSÃO: A utilização de protocolo poderá proporcionar a otimização dos recursos hospitalares utilizados para o diagnóstico e o tratamento de cardiomiopatia dilatada com aumento do diagnóstico precoce e instituição do tratamento mais adequado.
INTRODUTION: Cardiomyopathy is a myocardial disorder in which the heart muscle is structurally and/or functionally abnormal, in the absence of coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension, valvular heart disease and congenital heart disease. Dilated Cardiomyopathy is the most common type in the pediatric age group, characterized by a dilation of the left ventricle with systolic dysfunction in the absence of abnormal loading conditions, with an incidence of approximately 0.57 cases/100,000 inhabitants per year and higher prevalence in the male gender. It is a progressive disease, with a high cost of treatment and is the major cause of heart transplantation in pediatrics. In five years of following up, nearly 2.5% evolve with sudden death and 29% have an indication for heart transplantation. The etiology to diagnosis is little known, and the idiopathic cause remains the most frequent one, including among them unidentified genetic and familial causes, followed by myocarditis. The diagnosis is based on symptoms of congestive heart failure (HF), or changes in imaging tests, in the absence of signs of HF. The most important complementary exam is the color Doppler echocardiography, which allows an assessment of the LV dilation, Left Ventricular ejection fraction (LVFE) < 55% and/or LV hypokinesis. Treatment in the acute phase of the disease should be based on hemodynamic classification, using angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics and positive inotropic drugs, especially in cases of more severe clinical decompensation. OBJECTIVE: To standardize a protocol for dilated cardiomyopathy diagnosis and treatment in the pediatric age group according to our institutional reality based on the best evidence available in the literature. METHODOLOGY:A revision of the literature performed in the main sources: Pubmed, Embase, LILACS, Cochrane and Uptodate; prioritizing those published in the last 10 years. RESULT:There are a few studies on dilated cardiomyopathy diagnosis and treatment in pediatrics with good level of evidence. An algorithm for diagnosis and treatment based on the best evidence available in the literature and in the conditions existing in our service was built and will be make available to physicians in charge of the care of pediatric patients diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy. CONCLUSION: The use of protocol may provide the optimization of hospital resources used for the diagnosis and treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy with increased early diagnosis and the institution of the most appropriate treatment.
PERUZZI, MARIANGELA. "Terapia cellulare e ingegneria tissutale nelle patologie ischemiche del miocardio: creazione di un miocardio artificiale per la rigenerazione cardiaca." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1000.
Full textCell therapy for regeneration, has received extensive attention and the accumulated evidence from both pre-clinical and clinical studies suggests that it has the potential to restore heart function. However, the results from first clinical trials are mixed, with benefits ranging from absent to transient and, at most, marginal. These studies indicate that adult stem cells, whether muscular or bone marrow-derived, fail to generate new cardiomyocytes, capable to improve cardiac function. Emerging evidence suggests that several subpopulations of resident cardiac stem cells (CSCs) have the ability to differentiate into cardiac myocytes, vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. CSCs represent a logical source to exploit in cardiac regeneration therapy bacause, unlike other adult stem cells, they are likely to be intrinsecally programmed to generate cardiac tissue in vitro and to increase cardiac tissue viability in vivo. In addition, autologous CSCs can be employed avoiding ethical and immunological problems associated with the use of embryonic stem cells. Recently, a group of our network has successfully isolated CPCs/CSCs from small biopsies of human myocardium and expanded them ex vivo trough several generations without loosing differentiation potential into cardiomyocytes and vascular cells, bringing autologous transplantation of cardiac stem cells closer to clinical translation. However cell therapy in general suffers limitatations related to variable cell retention, survival and significant cell death or apoptosis, early after implantation in the diseased myocardium. Furthermore, cell transplantation may not always be suitable for catastrophic events like large myocardial damage. For this reason, hybrid therapies that incorporate tissue engineering are being developed as potentially new therapeutic approaches for repair of myocardial tissue. Tissue engineering (TE) involves seeding a biodegradable scaffold with cells that grow into morphologically recognizable tissue both in vitro and in vivo. Recent advances in cell culture and TE have facilitated the development of suitable cell-engineered biodegradable grafts. The optimal biomaterials and cell types, however, have not been identified. Our hypothesis is that autologous cardiac stem cells could represent the most efficient and reliable cell type to be used for an hybrid therapy (tissue engineering/stem cells) to restore myocardial function in ischemic myocardial desease. TE joints the physical replacement of the diseased structure with new cardiac tissue built from a biodegradable scaffold, with the regenerating activity of the optimal cell types. A bioengineered tissue graft (biocomplex) would be the ideal treatment to repair cardiac ischemic diseases. The possibility to compare the biological activity of the CSCs with other adult SCs, should definitely individuate and characterize the advantages and disadvantages of the best clinical applicable biocomplex. Moreover, the creation of the appropriate animal model and the realization of diagnostic protocols aimed to monitor the in vivo cell fate, will be used as pre-clinical background for large animals and phase I-II clinical studies.
Vázquez, Oliva Gabriel. "El síndrome coronario agudo: tendencias en la magnitud del problema, en el manejo hospitalario y en la aparición de complicaciones en un estudio de base poblacional, y mejoras en las estrategias de prevención individual." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670170.
Full textLes taxes d'incidència d'IAM son molt elevades en majors de 74 anys, amb tendència a la reducció en els últims anys en homes i son sempre superiors en homes que en dones. Les taxes de mortalitat en majors de 74 anys son molt elevades. El 66-88% dels casos mortals es donen en aquesta última franja d’edat. La letalitat poblacional a 28 dies arriba al 65% per sobre dels 85 anys. El 70% dels IAM mortals son extrahospitalaris. L’albúmina plasmàtica s’associa independentment i de forma inversa al risc de patir un esdeveniment coronari, en canvi ni la vitamina D ni els valors d’ApoB, ApoA1 o el seu quocient s’associen independentment al risc de patir un esdeveniment coronari. La predicció de risc coronari segons la funció REGICOR es veu millorada amb l’albúmina plasmàtica i reclassifica correctament a la població, especialment, als pacients de risc moderat.
Baron, Monique Andrade. "Análise das metaloproteinases de matriz e seus inibidores no tecido cardíaco de pacientes com cardiomiopatia chagásica crônica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5146/tde-23092015-112921/.
Full textChronic Chagas Cardiomyopathy (CCC) is an inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy characterized by cardiac remodeling, a myocarditis rich in T cells and macrophages, hypertrophy and fibrosis. This affects 30% of patients infected with Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). Patients with CCC have a poorer prognosis and survival when compared with cardiomyopathy patients with non-inflammatory etiology, such as idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC). In cardiac remodeling process, there is a restructuring of the extracellular matrix (ECM), largely mediated by proteins such as proteolytic enzymes, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their specific inhibitors (TIMPs). The alteration and/or activity of some these particular enzymes is associated with cardiovascular disease. Taking this into account, the hypothesis of this study is that the expression profile and activity of MMPs and their TIMPs inhibitors in the CCC will be different from those found in IDC. The gene expression was evaluated by qRT-PCR, the MMP protein expression: -1, -2, -3, -8, -9, -12-13 and EMMPRIN by \"Western blotting\" and the following TIMP inhibitors: -1 , -2, -3, -4 and RECK and MMP-2 and -9 activity by zymography, in myocardial samples (left ventricle) of CCC and IDC patients and organ donors (Control) obtained upon transplantation. Although some of these changes in the expression of MMPs, TIMPs and RECK were shared with the IDC, we observed that patients with CCC have increased MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity and exclusive increase in MMP-9 protein. Through the ratio of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity with protein expression of TIMPs and RECK inhibitors, we found that the increase in MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity and the decrease in TIMP: -1, -2, -3, and -4 and TIMP -1, -2 and -3, respectively, in myocardial samples of CCC patients causes an imbalance in their activation and inhibition, contributing to the myocardium remodeling. The fraction of interstitial collagen as stained by Picrosirius Red, indicates increase in collagen in patients with CCC and IDC, indicating that the increase of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity is modulating the synthesis and conformation of collagen organization, contribute to fibrosis in patients with CCC. Aiming to verify whether these MMPs and their inhibitors would be under post-transcriptional regulation, we performed in silico analysis and it was identified 8 microRNAs (miR): miR-21, miR-29-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-155-5p , miR-188-5p, miR-214-3p, miR-491-5p and miR885-5p, but no correlation was found with the MMPs and their inhibitors, suggesting that these proteins are not under post-transcriptional regulation by miRs analyzed. Together our results suggest that differential expression of MMPs and their TIMPs inhibitors studied contribute to fibrosis, myocardial remodeling and cardiac dysfunction observed in patients with CCC. Thus, this work may help in elucidating the development of mechanisms of the pathogenesis of Chagas disease
Silva, Isaac Azevedo. "Avaliação dos efeitos da anestesia peridural torácica sobre as alterações miocárdicas associadas à morte encefálica: estudo experimental." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5156/tde-08082013-154929/.
Full textBACKGROUND: Currently, the main limitation to cardiac transplantation, worldwide, is the shortage of donors whose number is always smaller than the number of patients with terminal heart disease, and this gap is even greater because about 25 % of donated hearts are not used due to severe dysfunction of unknown cause. Brain-death associated catecholaminergic storm may be implicated in this dysfunction. Thus, therapeutic interventions aiming to reduce the sympathetic stimulation result, ultimately, in an increase in the number of organs for transplantation. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the hypothesis that thoracic epidural anesthesia is capable of blocking the sympathetic discharge inherent to brain death, by acute intracranial hypertension, minimizing hemodynamic changes, and reducing the inflammatory response improving, therefore, the graft outcome. METHODS: Male Wistar rats (250 - 350 g) anesthetized (5 % isoflurane) and continuously monitored to record mean arterial pressure, underwent insertion of a catheter into the epidural space, at the thoracic level. Brain death was induced by acute intracranial hypertension by inflating an intracranially inserted Fogarty catheter. The animals (n = 28) were divided into 4 groups: saline group - infusion of 20 uL of saline through the epidural catheter before induction of brain death; pre-bup group - infusion of 20 uL of bupivacaine through epidural catheter before induction of brain death; bup-20 group - infusion of 20 uL of bupivacaine through epidural catheter 20 min after induction of brain death; bup-60 group - infusion of 20 uL of bupivacaine through epidural catheter 60 min after induction of brain death. After 6 h the animals were exsanguinated. Serum and cardiac tissue concentrations of cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alfa, were performed by ELISA. The endothelial adhesion molecules, vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, proteins involved in apoptosis, Bcl-2 and caspase-3, and ?-actin were evaluated in myocardial tissue by immunohistochemistry. Longitudinal sections of the heart were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and evaluated for the presence of edema, vascular congestion and leukocyte infiltration. White blood cell counts were obtained prior to induction of brain death, 3 and 6 h thereafter. RESULTS: Clinical signs of brain death, fixed dilated pupils and absence of corneal reflex, were observed immediately after catheter insuflation. The sudden increase in mean arterial pressure was observed in all animals except in those receiving bupivacaine prior to brain death induction (pre-bup) (p<0.05). There was a marked and progressive leukopenia in all groups. Cytokine levels, IL-1beta and TNF-alfa, in serum and cardiac tissue, showed no significant differences among groups. Adhesion molecules, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, the proteins, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and ?-actin, and the histological analysis of the myocardium showed no significant differences among groups. CONCLUSIONS: The thoracic epidural anesthesia was effective to block the hypertensive peak associated with brain death. However, this blockage does not correlate to changes in the levels of cytokines, expression of adhesion molecules and expression of apoptosis-linked proteins, and alfa-actin. Furthermore, no changes in histological analysis and white blood cell counts were observed. The autonomic storm does not seem to be responsible for the activation of the inflammatory response and, ultimately, for the myocardial dysfunction associated with brain death
Bastos, Avelino 1952. "Isquemia miocardica e cardiopatia chagasica." [s.n.], 1994. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310536.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: O objetivo do trabalho é analisar a ocorrência de isquemia miocárdica na cardiopatia chagásica crbnica. Cinquenta e dois pacientes portadores da forma cronica da doença de Chagas, submetidos ao teste de esforço, que apresentaram testes sugestivos de isquemia miocárdica, foram comparados com 21 pacientes chagásicos que apresentaram resultados normais. Foram analisados 24 paràmetros, que poderiam influenciar no resultado...Observação: O resumo, na integra, podera ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: The present study analyzed the frequency of myocardial ischemia in individuaIs with chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy. Fifty-two patients with chronic Chagas' disease who had exercise test results indicative of myocardial ischemia were compared with 21 patients having Chagas' disease but whose test results were normal. Twenty -four parameters which could influence the results "'lere analyzed...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Doutorado
Doutor em Medicina
Grizzo, Andréia. "Cardiomiopatia dilatada em pediatria proposta de protocolo para diagnóstico e tratamento /." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151591.
Full textResumo: INTRODUÇÃO: Cardiomiopatia é uma alteração do miocárdio em que o músculo do coração é estruturalmente e/ou funcionalmente anormal, na ausência de doença de artérias coronárias, hipertensão arterial, doenças valvares e cardiopatias congênitas. A Cardiomiopatia dilatada é o tipo mais frequente na faixa etária pediátrica, caracterizando-se por apresentar dilatação do ventrículo esquerdo com disfunção sistólica na ausência de condições de carga anormais, com incidência de aproximadamente 0,57 casos/100.000 habitantes ao ano e maior prevalência no sexo masculino. Apresenta curso progressivo, elevado custo de tratamento e é a principal causa de transplante cardíaco em pediatria. Em cinco anos de acompanhamento, aproximadamente 2,5% evoluem com morte súbita e 29% tem indicação de transplante cardíaco. A etiologia ao diagnóstico é pouco conhecida, permanecendo a causa idiopática como a mais frequente, incluindo entre elas causas genéticas e familiares não identificadas, seguida das miocardites. O diagnóstico é baseado em sintomas de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC) ou alterações em exames de imagem na ausência de sinais de ICC. O exame complementar mais importante é o ecocardiograma com doppler colorido que permite a avaliação da dilatação do VE, fração de ejeção do VE (FEVE) <55% e/ou hipocinesia de VE. O tratamento na fase aguda da doença deve ser baseado na classificação hemodinâmica, sendo utilizados inibidores da enzima de conversão da angiotensina (IECA), betabloqueadore... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: INTRODUTION: Cardiomyopathy is a myocardial disorder in which the heart muscle is structurally and/or functionally abnormal, in the absence of coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension, valvular heart disease and congenital heart disease. Dilated Cardiomyopathy is the most common type in the pediatric age group, characterized by a dilation of the left ventricle with systolic dysfunction in the absence of abnormal loading conditions, with an incidence of approximately 0.57 cases/100,000 inhabitants per year and higher prevalence in the male gender. It is a progressive disease, with a high cost of treatment and is the major cause of heart transplantation in pediatrics. In five years of following up, nearly 2.5% evolve with sudden death and 29% have an indication for heart transplantation. The etiology to diagnosis is little known, and the idiopathic cause remains the most frequent one, including among them unidentified genetic and familial causes, followed by myocarditis. The diagnosis is based on symptoms of congestive heart failure (HF), or changes in imaging tests, in the absence of signs of HF. The most important complementary exam is the color Doppler echocardiography, which allows an assessment of the LV dilation, Left Ventricular ejection fraction (LVFE) < 55% and/or LV hypokinesis. Treatment in the acute phase of the disease should be based on hemodynamic classification, using angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta-blockers, diuretics and positive ino... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Linsalata, Mariateresa. "Il ruolo della risonanza magnetica nello studio delle miocarditi." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7971/.
Full textParra, Morales Víctor Manuel. "Estudio del mecanismo del precondicionamiento del miocardio inducido por ejercicio en el perro. Participación del canal de potasio mitocondrial sensible a ATP, Ión calcio y NADPH oxidasa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401759.
Full textANTECEDENTES. Recientemente demostramos que el ejercicio físico induce precondicionamiento precoz y tardío sobre el tamaño del infarto del miocardio en el perro, y que el precoz está mediado por activación de NADPH oxidasa y por canales de potasio mitocondriales sensibles a ATP (mitoKATP). HIPÓTESIS Y OBJETIVO. En una primera etapa estudiamos si estos canales mitoKATP participan también del precondicionamiento tardío por ejercicio. Posteriormente abordamos nuestro objetivo principal, si el aumento del ingreso de Ca2+ a la célula durante el ejercicio inicia precondicionamiento precoz y tardío sobre el tamaño del infarto en el perro, independiente de sus efectos hemodinámicos, basado en que la administración intracoronaria de Ca2+ induce precondicionamiento, y que el ejercicio aumenta la entrada de Ca2+ a la célula. Paralelamente estudiamos si este aumento del ingreso de Ca2+ es también responsable de la activación de NADPH oxidasa durante el precondicionamiento precoz. METODOLOGÍA. Un total de 202 perros fueron instrumentados quirúrgicamente y entrenados a correr en una cinta ‘sin fin’, para luego asignarlos aleatoriamente a alguno de los tres protocolos experimentales: 1) efecto del bloqueo del canal mitoKATP con 5 hidroxidecanoato (5HD) en el precondicionamiento tardío por ejercicio; 2) efecto del bloqueo del canal de Ca2+ tipo-L del sarcolema con una dosis baja de verapamilo en el precondicionamiento precoz y tardío por ejercicio; 3) efecto de verapamilo en la activación de NADPH oxidasa en el precondicionamiento precoz por ejercicio. RESULTADOS. El ejercicio indujo protección precoz y tardía sobre el tamaño del infarto (reducción de 76% y 52-56%, precoz y tardía respectivamente, P<0.05 vs control), la protección tardía fue abolida por la administración de 5HD, y tanto la protección precoz como tardía fueron abolidas por la administración de una dosis baja y única de verapamilo previo al ejercicio precondicionante. Esta dosis de verapamilo no modificó el efecto del ejercicio en las variables metabólicas ni hemodinámicas. Además, verapamilo bloqueó la activación de NADPH oxidasa durante el precondicionamiento precoz. El ejercicio no indujo isquemia miocárdica, no hubo diferencias hemodinámicas entre los grupos de estudio durante los períodos de isquemia y reperfusión, y los efectos fueron independientes del flujo colateral a la región isquémica. CONCLUSIONES. El precondicionamiento tardío es mediado por los canales mitoKATP, el precondicionamiento precoz y tardío es iniciado, al menos en parte, por el aumento del ingreso de Ca2+ a la célula durante el ejercicio, y la protección precoz es mediada a su vez por la activación de NADPH oxidasa.
Borrisser, Pairó Francesc. "Expressió miocardíaca d'IGF-1 i miostatina en donants hipertensos i amb consum excessiu d'alcohol. Relació amb el desenvolupament de miocardiopatia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668698.
Full textCardiomyopathies are cardiac diseases of various causes, among them hypertensive cardiomyopathy and alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Arterial hypertension is one of the main causes of cardiac failure. Chronic alcohol consumption has negative effects in the body: liver, digestive system, neurological system and cardiac system. The cardiac damage caused by these factors (hypertension and alcohol consumption) is regulated by growth factors such as insuline-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and myostatin. In case of cardiac damage, the heart has some compensatory mechanisms to revert them. In this thesis the effects of arterial hypertension and chronic alcohol consumption on IGF-1 and myostatin cardiac expression. Cardiac tissue from donors was available (healthy, with hypertension, with alcohol consumption and with other causes of cardiomyopathy). Excessive alcohol consumption in patients without cardiac damage decreases IGF-1 expression. Myocardiac expression of IGF-1 and myostatin was studied for each group of donors. Donors affected by cardiomyopathy (hypertensive or alcoholic) presented an increase on myostatin expression. These results open the door to a therapeutic objective with IGF-1 and myostatin to control the cardiac damage caused by hypertension or alcohol consumption.
Monguió, Tortajada Marta. "Immunomodulation by mesenchymal stem cells for myocardial regeneration: cellular mechanisms and extracellular vesicles." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666627.
Full textExacerbated immune responses hamper regeneration of injured tissues and organ transplantation, and lead to allergies and autoimmune disorders causing morbidity and mortality. One of these scenarios is the ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) occurring upon myocardial infarction (MI). IRI triggers an intense inflammatory response that is initially necessary for dead cell clearance and the induction of cardiac repair, but its timely suppression is critical to minimize post-MI tissue damage, cardiac remodelling and ultimately, heart failure. In this context, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising as a therapeutic strategy to counteract such unwanted immune responses, as MSC administration has a beneficial effect for the treatment of immune-related disorders and promote cardiac repair in preclinical models of MI, albeit their short lifespan after in vivo infusion. The aim of this thesis is to decipher the cellular and paracrine mechanisms that would help explain MSCs’ long-lasting immunosuppressive and regenerative effects. The working hypothesis is that these could be mediated by the modulation of the host’s immune cells for the generation of regulatory environments and enduring effect, in addition to the secretion of paracrine factors for a delocalized action that would also foster endogenous repair. With this in mind, we first studied MSC’s influence on monocytes as part of the innate immune response. We confirmed MSCs’ modulation of monocytes towards a wound-healing M2-like polarization, but with the added functionality of an active extracellular adenosinergic enzymatic activity. MSC-conditioned monocytes maintained CD39 and induced CD73 expression, which are responsible of the sequential hydrolysis of ATP/ADP to AMP and to Adenosine, respectively, to shift the pro-inflammatory milieu induced by extracellular ATP to the anti-inflammatory regulation by Adenosine. On the other side, MSCs also modulate the adaptive immune response, as we observed the immunosuppression of allogeneic lymphocyte polyclonal proliferation and inflammatory cytokine release. Regarding the paracrine activity of MSCs, we could identify extracellular vesicles (EVs) as one of the active components of MSC’s immunosuppressive secreted factors. Specifically, we demonstrated the importance of accurate isolation of MSC-EVs to unravel their immunosuppressive functionality, which can be efficiently performed by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). Finally, this knowledge made us design a novel construct composed of MSC-EVs embedded in a biocompatible three-dimensional engineered cardiac scaffold, envisioned for the local treatment of MI to foster cardiac repair. Its in vitro validation reinforced EV secretion as an important mechanism of MSCs to both modulate the immune system and foster endogenous repair, as they could actively recruit pro-regenerative cells. Our findings unravel new mechanisms for the engineering of innovative, targeted and off-the-shelf therapeutic products.
Coelho, Julita Maria Freitas. "Doença periodontal e infarto agudo do miocardio." Programa de pós-graduação em saúde coletiva, 2010. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/10393.
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Dados epidemiológicos, experimentais e clínicos têm sugerido que a doença periodontal, especialmente a periodontite crônica, pode constituir um fator de risco para doenças cardiovasculares isquêmicas. A proposta deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre a doença periodontal e o infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) em indivíduos adultos. Uma revisão de literatura de estudos de caso-controle que estudaram essa associação foi sumarizada em uma meta-análise que demonstrou uma chance em dobro para ocorrência de desfechos cardiovasculares isquêmicos em presença da doença periodontal (OR = 2,52; IC 95%: [2.10 3.00], p< 0, 001). Uma estimativa próxima foi obtida por meio de um estudo de caso-controle com uma amostra de 621 indivíduos com 40 anos ou mais, que avaliou a chance de desenvolver o infarto agudo do miocárdio em portadores de doença periodontal do tipo periodontite. As co-variáveis investigadas foram: idade, sexo, raça/cor auto referida, nível de escolaridade, renda per capita, condição marital, prática de atividade física, hábito de fumar presente e passado, consumo de álcool, índice de massa corporal, nível glicêmico, colesterol total e frações, relação cintura-quadril, hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Os resultados encontrados mostraram que os portadores de doença periodontal tiveram uma chance quase em dobro de desenvolver infarto agudo do miocárdio em relação a indivíduos sem doença periodontal, mesmo após ajustar por hábito de fumar, nível de escolaridade, ocupação, diabetes e nível de HDL-colesterol tanto quando comparada a controles comunitários (ORajustada=1,89; IC 95%: [1,11- 3,28], p=0,018), quanto a controles hospitalares (ORajustada=1,92; IC 95% :[1,14-3,23], p=0,015). Ao se estimar a associação de periodontite crônica e níveis plasmáticos de proteína C-reativa em um sub-amostra (n=359), observou-se uma associação positiva e significante (ORajustada= 2,26; IC 95%: [1.30 - 3.93]), considerando também o efeito da idade, nível de escolaridade, sexo, gênero, hábito de fumar, HDL-colesterol e diabetes. Assim, no grupo estudado a exposição à DP aumentou a chance de ocorrência do IAM, bem com da proteína Creativa, independentemente de outros fatores, o que reafirma que a doença periodontal pode ser um marcardor ou um fator de risco para o aparecimento de alterações cardiovasculares isquêmicas, havendo necessidade de estudos adicionais para confirmação da relação causal entre elas.
Salvador
Felizzola, Luiz Roberto. "Avaliação carotidea em doentes submetidos a revascularização miocardica." [s.n.], 1998. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313849.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo:Uma vez que a doença carotídea é a principal causa isolada de acidente vascular cerebral de origem tromboembólica, o qual é a terceira causa de óbito em países desenvolvidos, acredita-se ser imprescindível o diagnóstico precoce desta doença em nosso meio. Todavia, há a necessidade de manter os conceitos de praticidade e de viabilidade econômica, adequando-se às condições sócio-econômicas desfavoráveis típicas de um país em desenvolvimento. No período de 18 meses foram avaliados 50 doentes, sendo 35 do sexo masculino e 15 do sexo feminino, com idade média de 67,2 anos. Todos apresentavam indicação de revascularização miocárdica, considerados neste estudo coronariopatas graves. Avaliou-se a incidência e grau de estenose carotídea com base no mapeamento duplex. Da mesma forma, foi avaliada a possív~l relação com fatores de risco previamente descritos na literatura: Diabetes melito, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, tabagismo, sintomatologia neurológica focal prévia, doença arterial troncular dos membros inferiores e presença de sopro carotídeo. A incidência de estenose carotídea hemodinamicamente significativa (>50%) foi de 48%, e crítica (>70%) de 32%. Mostraram-se fatores de risco estatisticamente significativos, antecedentes de Diabetes melito, sintomatologia neurológica focal prévia, presença de sopro carotídeo e presença. de alterações arteriais tronculares dos membros inferiores. Concluiu-se que no grupo estudado houve aumento significativo de ' risco para estenose carotídea hemo dinamicamente significativa e crítica, em relação à população geral. Desta forma, justifica-se o rastreamento ultra-sonográfico para doença carotídea, principalmente quando os fatores de risco significativos se fizerem presentes
Abstract: Carotid disease is well known as the main individual cause of stroke and also the third cause of death in the USA, which makes it extremely necessary to develop ways of performing its early diagnosis, although these new methods must be practical and economically viable to be used in countries which are in process of development. During 18 months, 50 patients with coronary disease were evaluated (35 male, 15 female; average age of 67.2 years old). Coronary artery bypass graft was previously indicated to alI of them. Using duplex utrasonography it was evaluated the incidence and degree of stenosis of the carotid arteries. It was also evaluated the probabability associated with risk factors enumerated in the literature, such as diabetes mellitus, arterial systemic hypertension, smoking, previous focal neurologic symptoms, lower extremity arterial disease and cervical bruit. It was found that 48% of the cases presented hemodynamically significative carotid stenosis (>50%) and that 32% of the patients showed critic carotid stenosis (>70%). Diabetes mellitus, previous focal neurologic symptoms, cervical bruit and lower extremity arterial disease were considered statisticaly significant risk factors. It was conc1uded that there was a significative increase in the risk of presênting hemodynamically significative or critic carotid stenosis in the group of patients studied when compared to the rest of the population, what justifies the use of ultrasonographic screening for carotid disease, mainly , when significant risk factors are present
Mestrado
Cirurgia
Mestre em Cirurgia
Pereda, María Gracia, Marianelly López, and Melissa Mariluz. "Dengue complicado y miocarditis: comunicación de un caso." Sociedad Chilena de Infectología, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/552889.
Full textHemorragic dengue fever is a prevalent infection in many countries around the world. Myocarditis is a severe manifestation of dengue virus infection. With prompt intervention and an early diagnosis, the outcome of this condition can be improve. We report a adult patient with complicated dengue, myocarditis, cardiac and respiratory insufficiency with acute renal injury.
Forcadell, Peris María José. "Epidemiologia de l'infart agut de miocardi en la població major de 60 anys de l'àrea de Tarragona: estudi de cohorts de base poblacional." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670308.
Full textEl infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM), es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad entre la población española. La información procedente de datos de base poblacional sobre IAM, es limitada. La presente tesis tiene como objetivo analizar la epidemiología del IAM (incidencia, mortalidad y condiciones crónicas específicas subyacentes). Estudio de cohortes, de base poblacional, que incluye todas las persones mayores de 60 años de 9 Áreas Básicas de Salud del Tarragonés (n=27.204). Se han reclutado todos los casos hospitalizados por IAM con seguimiento durante 3 años. Se han estimado tasas de incidencia, mortalidad e intervalos de confianza (IC) al 95%. Se ha realizado análisis multivariante mediante regresión de Cox, con cálculo de Hazards Ratio y se ha estimado la asociación entre las condiciones basales de los miembros de la cohorte y el riesgo de desarrollar IAM. La incidencia global de IAM ha sido 475/100.000 personas-año (IC 95%:428-527), y ha sido más del doble al sexo masculino (681/100.000) que al femenino (311/100.000) (p<0,001). Por edad, ha sido 277 entre 60-69 años, 632 entre 70-79 años y 690/100.000 personas-año en mayores o igual a 80 años (p<0,001). Las máximas incidencias se han observado en los individuos con historia de enfermedad arterial coronaria (2.839/100.000). La mortalidad a los 30 días ha sido del 15,3%. En el análisis multivariante, las variables estadísticamente significativas asociadas al aumento del riesgo de IAM fueron historia de enfermedad arterial coronaria, edad mayor de 70 años, sexo masculino, enfermedad cardíaca crónica, historia de ictus, fibrilación auricular, diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial. La presente tesis muestra que la incidencia y mortalidad por IAM son elevadas en mayores de 60 años, y aumentan considerablemente con la edad. Considerando los factores de riesgo cardiovascular clásicos, diabetes mellitus y hipertensión arterial son las condiciones más fuertemente asociadas al aumento de riesgo de IAM.
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the main causes of morbimortality in the Spanish population. Population-based data about the epidemiology of AMI is limited. The present thesis aimed to analyzed the epidemiology of AMI (incidence, mortality and specific underlying chronic conditions). We investigated a large population-based cohort that included all individuals older than 60 years assigned to 9 Primary Care Centres in the region of Tarragona (n=27,204). All hospitalised AMI cases occurred among cohort members during 3 years, where included. We estimated incidence rates, mortality and confidence intervals (CI) at 95%. Cox regression models were used to calculate Hazards Ratios and estimated the association between baseline conditions and the risk of developing AMI. The global AMI incidence was 475 per 100,000 person-years (CI 95%:428-527), and it was more than double in men (681 per 100,000) than women (311 per 100,000) (p<0.001). By age groups incidence was 277 in 60-69 years, 632 in 70-79 years and 690 per 100,000 person-year in 80 or more years (p<0.001). Maximum rates appeared among individuals with history of coronary artery disease (2,839 per 100,000). Thirty-day mortality after diagnosis was 15.3%. In the multivariable analysis, history of coronary artery disease, male sex, chronic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, older than 70 years, history of stroke, atrial fibrillation and hypertension emerged as significantly associated with an increased risk of AMI. Our data shows that incidence and mortality of AMI remains considerable among people over 60 years in our setting, being especially high among the oldest people. Considering classical major risk factors, diabetes mellitus and hypertension were the underlying conditions most strongly associated with an increased risk of developing AMI in our study cohort.
Rueda, Sobella Fernando. "Factors determinants del pronòstic de l’infart agut de miocardi amb elevació del segment st. utilitat de nous biomarcadors a l’era de la reperfusió." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670803.
Full textPese a los avances terapéuticos de las últimas décadas, el infarto de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST se asocia a una importante morbimortalidad, especialmente en los casos complicados con fibrilación ventricular o shock cardiogénico. La estratificación pronóstica es determinante para identificar los pacientes de alto riesgo que se pueden beneficiar de tratamientos más agresivos y monitorización más estrecha. Aunque en la práctica clínica actual su uso se limita a la estimación del tamaño del infarto mediante las troponinas cardíacas, los biomarcadores aparecen como una potencial herramienta para mejorar la información que aportan los modelos predictivos disponibles. El objetivo de esta tesis doctoral es estudiar el valor añadido que pueden proporcionar diferentes nuevos biomarcadores respecto los modelos de estimación del riesgo basados en datos clínicos. A partir de una cohorte prospectiva de pacientes con infarto tratados con intervencionismo coronario percutáneo primario, en primer lugar se evalúa la utilidad pronóstica de la determinación seriada de troponinas que se realiza en la actualidad. En segundo, se analiza la fisiopatología y el valor pronóstico de otros biomarcadores que exploran vías alternativas a la necrosis miocárdica: el factor de diferenciación de crecimiento 15 (GDF-15) y el eje Stanniocalcina-2/PAPP-A/IGFBP-4. La última parte del trabajo se centra en los subgrupos de pacientes de más riesgo: los que presentan fibrilación ventricular y shock cardiogénico. En los primeros, se estudia el valor de GDF-15 como predictor precoz de mal pronóstico. En el caso del shock, en cambio, se sigue un abordaje basado en técnicas de proteómica para identificar nuevos biomarcadores y elaborar un modelo multimarcador que mejore la estimación del riesgo. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que actualmente la práctica de determinar el pico de troponinas no aporta información pronóstica adicional a la estratificación basada en la clase Killip y la fracción de eyección. Por el contrario, tanto GDF-15 como Stanniocalcina-2 aparecen como predictores independientes de riesgo con valor incremental respecto las troponinas. Stanniocalcina-2 es un inhibidor de la PAPP-A descubierto recientemente, del que se describe su valor pronóstico al ingreso y se discute el mecanismo de su elevación en el infarto agudo. Por otro lado, GDF-15 muestra un pico de liberación precoz en respuesta a la inflamación y sus niveles circulantes durante las primeras horas son un robusto predictor de eventos adversos durante la fase aguda. Además, los análisis en los pacientes con fibrilación ventricular apuntan que GDF-15 podría tener un valor predictivo especialmente alto en este subgrupo y que, en los casos complicados con coma tras un paro cardíaco recuperado, podría ayudar a predecir de forma precoz el pronóstico neurológico. Finalmente, en el shock cardiogénico, el estudio de péptidos circulantes mediante proteómica ha permitido elaborar un modelo que, combinando los niveles de cuatro proteínas (L-FABP, ALDOB, B2MG i IC1), discrimina los pacientes con alto riesgo de mortalidad y que, al incorporarlo a las escalas clínicas actuales, aumenta su capacidad predictiva. En conclusión, en el infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST, los biomarcadores que exploran vías alternativas a la necrosis miocárdica, como la inflamación y la repercusión sistémica, pueden mejorar la estratificación del riesgo, especialmente cuando se combinan con escalas basadas en datos clínicos. Además, la utilización conjunta de marcadores que representan diferentes vías con relevancia pronóstica mejora el valor predictivo que estos proporcionan de forma individual. No obstante, todavía es necesaria más investigación para establecer puntos de corte consistentes, determinar los modelos multimarcador más apropiados y evaluar su utilidad para guiar decisiones clínicas.
Despite therapeutic advances in recent decades, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially in cases complicated by ventricular fibrillation or cardiogenic shock. From first medical contact, prognostic stratification is crucial to identify high-risk individuals who may benefit from more aggressive treatments and closer monitoring, both in the acute phase and in subsequent years. In this context, biomarkers appear as a potential tool to improve the prognostic information provided by predictive models based on clinical data. However, despite active research conducted in recent years, biomarkers are underused in clinical practice and remain limited to the estimation of the infarct size using cardiac troponins. The aim of this doctoral thesis is to study the incremental value that different new biomarkers may provide over the conventional risk estimation models applied in clinical practice. Using data from a prospective cohort of patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention, we first evaluated the prognostic utility of serial measurements of troponins that is currently performed. Second, we analyzed the pathophysiology and prognostic value of other biomarkers exploring alternative pathways to myocardial necrosis: growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) and the Stanniocalcin-2/PAPP-A/IGFBP-4 axis. The last part of the work focuses on the subgroups of patients at higher risk: those with ventricular fibrillation and cardiogenic shock. In the former, the value of GDF-15 was studied as an early predictor of poor prognosis. In the case of shock, a novel proteomics-based approach is used to identify new biomarkers and to develop a multimarker model that improves risk estimation. The results obtained show that, in the contemporary model of care, the estimation of peak troponin levels from serial determinations does not provide additional prognostic information to that offered by a stratification based on the Killip class and the left ventricular ejection fraction. In contrast, both GDF-15 and Stanniocalcin-2 emerge as independent risk predictors with incremental value over troponins. Stanniocalcin-2 is a recently discovered PAPP-A inhibitor whose prognostic value is described here for the first time and, moreover, the mechanism of its elevation in infarction is discussed. On the other hand, GDF-15 shows an early release peak in response to inflammation and its circulating levels during the first hours of infarction are a strong predictor of adverse events in the acute phase. In addition, analyses carried out in patients with ventricular fibrillation indicate that GDF-15 could have a particularly high predictive value in this subgroup and, in cases complicated with coma after resuscitation from a cardiac arrest, it could be useful to an early neurological prognostication. Finally, the most relevant results are those related to the search for new biomarkers in cardiogenic shock by means of proteomics techniques. The proposed model, which combines the levels of four proteins (L-FABP, ALDOB, B2MG and IC1), discriminates patients at high risk of mortality and, when incorporated into the current clinical scales, increases the predictive capacity and reclassifies one quarter of patients. In conclusion, biomarkers exploring alternative pathways to myocardial necrosis, such as inflammation and systemic involvement, may improve risk stratification in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, especially when added to clinical data. In addition, the combination of markers representing different pathways with prognostic relevance enhances their individual predictive value. However, before translation into everyday practice, more research is still needed to establish consistent cut-off levels, determine the most appropriate multimarker models, and assess its utility for guiding clinical decisions in randomized trials.
Hanna, Sobrinho Miguel Ibraim Abboud 1960. "Ativação do sistema complemento no infarto do miocardio." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/48687.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia
Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivos: (1) determinar o comportamento do Sistema Complemento no Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio, pela análise seqüencial de C5b-9 e C3d; (2) comparar sua ativação com os marcadores séricos enzimáticos (CK Total e CKMB) e com j(Alfa 1 glicoproteína ácida) e (3) estimar o momento em que ocorre a ativação. A investigação foi realizada num grupo de 17 pacientes com Infarto do Miocárdio, sendo 15 homens e 2 mulheres com idade de 37 a 92 anos (Grupo 1) e dois grupos controles; um deles com 17 pacientes submetidos a cateterismo cardíaco, com artériasxle coronárias normais, sendo 8 homens e 9 mulheres com idade de 19 a 64 anos (Grupo 2), outro com 13 pessoas assintomáticas sem história de doença cardiovascular ou de procedimento invasivos, constituído de 8 homens e 5 mulheres, com idade de 26 a 55 anos (Grupo 3). Os pacientes do Grupo 1 foram atendidos no Hospital Universitário Cajúru entre novembro de 1955 e abril de 1996, consecutivamente selecionados, com início dos sintomas em até 6 horas antes de sua admissão. As amostras de sangue neste grupo foram coletadas na admissão 6 e 12 horas após, e na alta. Os pacientes do Grupo 2, foram selecionados consecutivamente, por terem investigação de dor torácica em curso no Serviço de Hemodinâmica do mesmo hospital, e laudo do cateterismo de artérias coronárias normais. Os pacientes do Grupo 3 foram selecionados entre médicos e funcionários do Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná", nos Grupos 2 e 3 apenas uma amostra de sangue foi coletada. Os valores de C3d, elevaramse significativamente em todas as amostras dos pacientes com IAM e C5b-9 aumentou de forma mais significativa, nas duas primeiras amostras. Alfa 1 glicoproteína ácida apresentou aumento discreto nas 4 amostras. Os marcadores CK Total e CK MB alteraram-se na 2a e 3a amostras. A comparação entre os marcadores nos grupos 1 e 3 evidenciaram um aumento significante de: C3d p < 0,0001 em todas as fases; C5b-9 p < 0,0001 nas 4 amostras; Alfa 1 glicoproteína ácida: p < 0,0001, p = 0,029, p < 0,0001 e p = 0,002, não houve diferença significativa na 2a amostra; CK MB não constatou-se significância na 1a amostra: p = 0,257; CK Total, não houve significância na 1a e 4a dosagens com p = 0,057 e p = 0,198. Na comparação entre os grupos 1 e 2 encontramos: C3d p < 0,0001, p = 0,005, p = 0,008 e p = 0,042; C5b-9: p = 0,002, p = 0,003, p = 0,040 e p = 0,033; Alfa 1 glicoproteína ácida, não houve significância na 2a amostra: p < 0,0001, p = 0,193, p < 0,0001 e p < 0,0001; CK MB, não foram significantes as amostras 1 e 4: p = 0,422, p K 0,0001, p < 0,0001 e p = 0,071; CK Total, não houve significância na 4a amostra: p = 0,004, p < 0,0001, p < 0,0001 e p = 0,860. Concluímos que ocorre precocemente ativação do Sistema Complemento no IAM, estimada pelas dosagens de C3d e C5b-9; estas alterações são observadas antes da elevação das enzimas séricas CK MB e CK Total, mas não são específicas, ocorrendo em menor escala também em pacientes submetidos a cateterismo cardíaco.
Sem abstract
Costantini, Marta. "Studio e caratterizzazione delle cicatrici miocardiche in risonanza magnetica." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12213/.
Full textTotaro, Marilina Tamara. "Tecniche di scaffolding innovative per il trattamento dell'infarto miocardico." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21535/.
Full textGran, Ipiña Ferran. "Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la miocarditis aguda en pediatría." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667914.
Full textIntroduction and objectives: Acute myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardiumdue to a viral infection in majority ofcases. Diagnosis is performed by obtaining anendomyocardial biopsy (BEM), however it is an invasive technique; its use is not very common in pediatrics. The disease usually resolves itself spontaneously, but some patients may die or have severe ventricular dysfunction, which requires a heart transplant. No treatment has demonstrated to improve the prognosis yet. The aim of this study is to check the characteristics of a series of pediatric patients with acute myocarditis, describe their outcome, the criteria of poor prognosis and the usefulness and risks of different diagnostic techniques, such as BEM. We will describe the usefulness of antiviral and immunosuppressive treatment in a selected population of patients. Material and methods: We reviewed all cases of persons under the age of 18 who had been admitted to Vall d'Hebron Hospital with the diagnosis of acute myocarditis between April 2007 and September 2018. We reviewed clinical and demographic characteristics, diagnostic tests as well as the usefulness of the BEM in this population. Immunohistochemical results of BEM were compared with those observed in a patient population with inheritedcardiomyopathy. The effectiveness of medical treatment was studied by comparing the outcome of treated patients with that of a historical cohort of similar characteristics that did not receive any specific treatment. Results:41 patients (25 men, 16 women, median age 25 months) presented 42 episodes of myocarditis. The diagnosis was performed by BEM in 14/42 cases (33.3%), magnetic resonance in 27/42 (64.3%) and through clinical presentation in 1/42 patient (2.4%). With a median follow-up of 47 months (between 7 and 140 months), a complete resolution of the situation with normalization of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDD) occurred in 33/42 cases (78.5%). The most frequently implicated virus was PVB19 (9/42 cases, 21.4%) followed by enterovirus (5/42 cases, 11.9%). Four patients died (9.7%) and 5/41 (12.2%) required a heart transplant. In the univariate analysis, the factors that were associated with a poor outcome (death or transplant) were the need for ECMO at admission (p = 0.041), LVEF less than 35% (p = 0.02) and right ventricular dysfunction (p = 0.02). In the multivariate analysis, only the LVEF had statistical significance (p = 0.007). Regarding the anatomopathological findings, it was observed that no data were specific for acute myocarditis and that 3/5 patients (60%) with genetic cardiomyopathy met the immunohistological criteria of myocarditis. From February 2015 the patients with the most severe illness were treated with immunosuppression or antiviral treatment based on the anatomopathologicalresults and the viral PCR in the BEM. A total of 9 patients were treated and their outcomewas compared with a historical cohort of 11 patients with similar characteristics. Transplant-free survival at one year was 100% in the treated group vs. 63% (p = 0.042). In the long term, 8/9 treated patients were able to fully recover in comparison to 6/11 patients of the other group who received standard treatment (88.9% vs. 54.5%, p = 0.095) Conclusions: LVEF <35% is the only risk factor associated with a higher mortality or a higher risk of transplantation. BEM is a safe and useful diagnostic tool in the pediatric population with acute myocarditis. The specific treatment based on the results of the BEM improves LVEF and the outcome of patients in the short term.
Almeida, Eros Antonio de 1951. "Ponte miocardica : considerações a proposito de 60 casos necropsiados." [s.n.], 1991. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/309746.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Analisou-se 60 casos de pacientes falecidos e que foram necropsiados no Departamento de Anatomia Patológica da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, SP, cujos corações apresentavam ponte miocárdica sobre ramos de artérias coronárias. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: 1. O estudo anátomo-patológico dos corações; 2. 0 estudo geral e anatômico das pontes miocárdicas e dos ramos das artérias coronárias, incluindo: freqüência das pontes em material de necropsia ; a idade, o sexo e a raça dos pacientes; região da artéria coronária e de seus ramos em que as pontes se encontravam; número de pontes por caso estudado, por artéria coronária e por ramos; dimensões das pontes miocárdicas; aterosclerose nos segmentos pré, sob e pós a ponte assim como seu grau de intensidade e aterosclerose nas demais coronárias e ramos sem ponte; 3. 0 estudo morfológico do miocárdio à procura de sinais sugestivas de isquemia. Utilizou-se a seguinte metodologia: 1.Análise das observações clínico-patológicas arquivadas no Departamento de Anatomia Patológica da PUCCAMP, que contêm informações fundamentais a propósito do quadro clínico e da necropsia dos pacientes estudados. 2. Estudo geral do coração pelas técnicas habituais de necropsia. 3.Estudo das pontes miocárdicas realizado através de dissecção anatômica da banda muscular, cortes transversais ou longitudinais dos ramos coronarianos sobre os quais se encontravam as pontes. Observou-se em qual coronária ou ramo coronariano se localizava a ponte miocárdica; o número de ramos coronarianos com ponte e o número de pontes por coronária ou ramo coronariano; as dimensões da banda muscular , classificando-as em pequena, média ou grande espessura e largura; presença de aterosclerose no ramo coronariano com ponte e nos demais ramos, graduando-a em leve(até 50 X de oclusão do lúmen), moderada(50 a 70X) e grave (maior que 70%). 4.Estudo morfológico do miocárdio através da macroscopia e microscopia óptica. Os casos foram divididos em 4 grupos: A,B,C . e D. Constituiu-se o grupo A de casos que apresentavam evidências macro e .microscópicas de infarto recente ou cicatrizado. Constituiu-se o grupo B de casos que não mostravam evidências de lesão isquêmica no miocárdio na área irrigada pelo ramo coronariano com ponte miocárdica. Constituiu-se o grupo C de casos que apresentavam fibrose intersticial só na área irrigada pelo ramo coronariano com ponte. Constituiu-se o grupo D de casos em que havia fibrose entre as fibras miocárdicas na área irrigada pelo ramo coronariano tanto na presença como na ausência de ponte miocárdica. Para cada um dos grupos foram estudados os mesmos itens referidos no estudo geral e das pontes miocárdicas. Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digita
Abstract: We studied sixty patients who underwent necrospy at University Hospital of PUCCAMP, which hearts presented myocardial bridges on the coronary artery branches. The objective of this work were: 1.The anatomic-pathologic study of the hearts. 2.The general and anatomic study of the myocardial bridges, including: bridge frequency, age, sex, race of the patientes; the localization of the bridges in each artery or branch; the number of bridge in each case, coronary and branch'; the myocardial bridge dimensions; the presence and intensity of atherosclerosis before, and after the bridge as well as atherosclerosis in other branches without bridge. 3.The myocardial morphologic study searching sugestive signs of ischemia. The following method was used: 1.The analysis of the clinical pathologic date from the archive of the Department of Pathology of PUCCAMP which contain fundamental informations about the clinical and necroscopic studies; 2.General study of the heart common necroscopy technics; 3.Miocardial bridges study done by anatomic dissection of the muscular band, transversal or longitudinal sections of the coronary branches in wich were found the bridges. It was observed in wich coronary osr coronary branch the myocardial bridge were localizated; the numbe,- of coronary branches with bridge and the number of bridges in each coronary branch; the muscular band dimensions, classifying them in small, midle and big width and depth enlargement; atherosclerosis presence in the coronary branch with the bridge and in the other branches, graduating it in light(50% lumen oc lusion), moderate(50 to 70%) and severe(more than 70%); 4.Myocardial morphologic study by macroscopic and optical microscopy observation. The cases were divided in four groups: A, B, C and D. The group A were constituted by cases that presented macroscopic and microscopy evidences of recente ou scared infarction. In the group B were cases that didn't show any evidency of myocardial ischemic lesion at the irrigation area by the coronary branch with the myocardial bridge. In the group C were cases that presented interstitial fibrosis only at the irrigation area by the coronary branch with the bridge. In the group D were cases with fibrosis between the myocardial fibers in the area irrigated by the coronary branch with or without myocardial bridge. In each group the same it was refered in the general study and the myocardial bridges were studied. 5.Thy statistic analisis was done with the X. test. Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertation
Doutorado
Anatomia Patologica
Doutor em Ciências Médicas
SCANZIANI, ELISABETTA. "Ruolo della valutazione della funzione ventricolare sinistra mediante strain miocardico 2D in pazienti affetti da infarto miocardico acuto arruolati nello STEM-AMI outcome." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/131831.
Full textDávila, Tello Carlos Rodolfo. "Valor pronóstico intrahospitalario del índice leucoglicémico en pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio atendidos en el Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo desde enero 2010 hasta diciembre 2011." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/10803.
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La estratificación de riesgo en los pacientes que sufren un evento de Infarto Agudo de Miocardio es hasta hoy un desafío para el clínico, teniendo en cuenta que los scores representan estudios complejos, y no para todos quienes abordan un paciente con dolor torácico, muy fácil de diagnosticar y estratificar un evento. Teniendo en cuenta que en el país la disponibilidad de un especialista capacitado para leer e interpretar un electrocardiograma, estratificar el riesgo de un evento isquémico, con lo que se dispone actualmente es muy complicado; el objetivo de este estudio es validar un Índice fácil de usar, que pueda ser utilizado en los centro médicos de atención básica, que incluya la totalidad de los pacientes con Infarto Agudo de Miocardio (IMA) y que permita estratificar el riesgo de estos pacientes. Existen estudios que han relacionado la leucocitosis y la glicemia al ingreso del paciente como factor de riesgo para desarrollar un Infarto Agudo de Miocardio de mal pronóstico, sin embargo, no hay buenos resultados por ejemplo en pacientes diabéticos. Se trata de un estudio observacional, retrospectivo y analítico. Incluimos en el estudio a todos los pacientes que habían sufrido Infarto Agudo de Miocardio clasificados en 2 grupos: IMA con elevación del ST y IMA sin elevación del ST, a los que se les valoró recuento leucocitario y glicemia al ingreso, luego, se evaluó la presencia de Falla Cardiaca Aguda, tomando en cuenta el perfil hemodinámico establecido por la clasificación de Killip – Kimball, asimismo, se identificó quienes habían presentado arritmias malignas y angina post Infarto Agudo de Miocardio. También, se revisaron los resultados del informe ecocardiográfico a los 30 días post evento, para observar la fracción de eyección residual, disminuída (< 40%) o preservada (> o = a 40%), en nuestros pacientes. Ambos grupos fueron valorados de manera independiente.
Trabajo académico
Nardella, Michele. "Cardiopatch impiantabili e idrogel iniettabili per il trattamento dell’infarto miocardico." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textMerli, Elisa <1974>. "Applicazioni cliniche dello studio della deformazione miocardica mediante metodiche ultrasonore." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/840/1/Tesi_Merli_Elisa.pdf.
Full textMerli, Elisa <1974>. "Applicazioni cliniche dello studio della deformazione miocardica mediante metodiche ultrasonore." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/840/.
Full textVitali, Francesca <1979>. "Valutazione del danno miocardico nel neonato con encefalopatia ipossico-ischemica." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7518/1/vitali_francesca_tesi.pdf.
Full textBackground. Perinatal asphyxia is commonly associated with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy and cardiovascular dysfunction. Therapeutic hypothermia has become standard treatment for moderate and severe neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy to reduce cerebral morbidity and mortality. The effect on the heart is incompletely explored. Aim. To assess myocardial performance of infants with perinatal asphyxia using traditional and DTI echocardiographycs technique; evaluation of early and long-term myocardial outcome. Study design. Fifteen infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy were enrolled in the study: seven infants with moderate-severe hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy cooled for 72 hours (group1); eight normothermic infants with mild hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (group2). Biomarkers serum concentrations (CPK,TroponinT, PRO-BNP) were measured at 6, 12 , 24 h of life and on the seven day of life. ECG and echocardiographies (traditional and TDI mesaurements) were done in the first 6 h of life, at 36h, on day 7, at 12 month. In the cooled infants were done also on day 4, at 1, 6 and 18 month. Results. All sieric biomarkers were always higher in the group1 than group2. All functional myocardial indices (ventricular output, TAPSE, systolic velocity (Sm), early diastolic velocity (Em), late diastolic velocity (Am)) were lower for both ventricles in the first hours after hypoxic insult in the group1. Moreover we have also found that mitral E/Em ratio and Em/Am ratio were lower in the group 1 on day 7. Conclusion. The DTI technique appears more sensitive than traditional echocardiography to the subtle changes in cardiac performance that occur after perinatal asphyxia. In particular these value were lower for more time that conventional parameters. Moreover, in cooled infants with moderate-severe hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, it may be important examinated myocardial function at least for a few days after rewarming.
Vitali, Francesca <1979>. "Valutazione del danno miocardico nel neonato con encefalopatia ipossico-ischemica." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7518/.
Full textBackground. Perinatal asphyxia is commonly associated with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy and cardiovascular dysfunction. Therapeutic hypothermia has become standard treatment for moderate and severe neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy to reduce cerebral morbidity and mortality. The effect on the heart is incompletely explored. Aim. To assess myocardial performance of infants with perinatal asphyxia using traditional and DTI echocardiographycs technique; evaluation of early and long-term myocardial outcome. Study design. Fifteen infants with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy were enrolled in the study: seven infants with moderate-severe hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy cooled for 72 hours (group1); eight normothermic infants with mild hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (group2). Biomarkers serum concentrations (CPK,TroponinT, PRO-BNP) were measured at 6, 12 , 24 h of life and on the seven day of life. ECG and echocardiographies (traditional and TDI mesaurements) were done in the first 6 h of life, at 36h, on day 7, at 12 month. In the cooled infants were done also on day 4, at 1, 6 and 18 month. Results. All sieric biomarkers were always higher in the group1 than group2. All functional myocardial indices (ventricular output, TAPSE, systolic velocity (Sm), early diastolic velocity (Em), late diastolic velocity (Am)) were lower for both ventricles in the first hours after hypoxic insult in the group1. Moreover we have also found that mitral E/Em ratio and Em/Am ratio were lower in the group 1 on day 7. Conclusion. The DTI technique appears more sensitive than traditional echocardiography to the subtle changes in cardiac performance that occur after perinatal asphyxia. In particular these value were lower for more time that conventional parameters. Moreover, in cooled infants with moderate-severe hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy, it may be important examinated myocardial function at least for a few days after rewarming.
Valls, de Lacalle Laura. "Prevenció del dany per reperfusió mitjançant inhibició reversible de la succinat deshidrogenasa mitocondrial. Mecanismes implicats." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669430.
Full textCell death that occurs during an episode of coronary occlusion is directly proportional to the duration of ischemia. Therefore, the treatment of choice against myocardial infarction is the rapid reopening of the affected artery. However, the restoration of blood flow is associated with an additional damage, known as reperfusion injury, due to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). As a way to reduce deleterious effects of oxidative stress, different antioxidant molecules have been tested, but with contradictory results. A new approach could be to inhibit directly ROS production, by mitochondrial function modulation. Recent studies have suggested that some of ROS produced during reperfusion are due to reverse electron transfer from complex II (or succinate dehydrogenase) of the mitochondrial electron transport chain to complex I. The objective of this thesis has been to investigate the effects of reversible inhibition of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase with disodium malonate, administered at the moment of the restoration of the flow, on reperfusion injury, as well as to study the mechanisms involved. Administration of malonate, under normoxic conditions in isolated mice hearts perfused in a Langendorff system, induced a concentration-dependent reduction in left ventricular developed pressure, confirming an inhibitory action on mitochondrial respiration. Thereafter, additional isolated mice hearts were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion and were treated or not with 3 mM malonate, given during the first 15 minutes of reperfusion. Administration of malonate significantly reduced infarct size that was associated with a lower LDH release during reperfusion and with a better functional recovery. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies demonstrated the existence of differences in the metabolic profile between hearts treated with malonate, with increased succinate concentration. In addition, MitoSOX Red staining of myocardial tissue samples revealed that malonate treatment was associated with a reduction in ROS production. This decrease was also observed in isolated mitochondria obtained from mice hearts, treated in vitro with both succinate and malonate, that also depicted a reduction in mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Moving forward, we analyzed whether the protective effects of malonate persist in a more clinically relevant animal model, the porcine model of transient coronary occlusion. In this model we selectively administer malonate with intracoronary infusion. Under baseline conditions, only malonate of 50 mmol/L, but not lower concentrations, resulted in a significant reduction in systolic segment shortening in the myocardial region irrigated by the artery of interest, but not in distant regions. To analyze the effects of reversible inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase on reperfusion injury, animals were subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion (40 minutes), followed by reperfusion, and they were treated or not with malonate 10mmol/L, during the first 5 minutes of the same. Selective administration of malonate into the risk area significantly reduced infarct size, without changes in the incidence of malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias during reperfusion, or in the contractility of remote myocardium. This cardioprotective effect was associated with a reduction in ROS production (MitoSOX Red). In conclusion, reversible inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase with disodium malonate at the onset of reperfusion has cardioprotective effects against myocardial infarction, both in isolated mice hearts and in a porcine model of transient coronary occlusion. This effect is due to a lower succinate accumulation in the tissue, resulting in a reduction of reverse electron transfer to complex I, reduced ROS production and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening.
Haurani, Semi. "Estudo do potencial tardio ventricular pós-infarto agudo do miocardio." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/48607.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia
Resumo: Para avaliar a presença de substrato arritmogênico, os pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio foram submetidos a análise do potencial tardio ventricular obtido pela eletrocardiografía de alta resolução. Foram selecionados para o estudo quarenta pacientes, internados no Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital das Nações, Curitiba-PR, atendidos na fase aguda do infarto do miocárdio. Todos os pacientes eram acometidos por um primeiro infarto, sem evidência de outras cardiopatias e ou bloqueios de ramo do feixe de His. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a avaliação clínica, estudo hemodinâmico e cineangiocoronariográfico durante a fase hospitalar (4,95 + 5,39 dias), e eletrocardiograma de alta resolução próximo a data da alta hospitalar (11,52 + 2,80 dias). A prevalência global do potencial tardio ventricular foi de 32,5%: 13 pacientes com potencial tardio positivo (PTP) e 27 pacientes sem potencial tardio, isto é, negativo (PTN). A análise dos três parâmetros do eletrocardiograma de alta resolução (QRST, SBA40 e VM40) apresentaram médias com diferenças significativas entre os grupos PTP e PTN (p= 0,0001). Os grupos PTP e PTN eram semelhantes quanto a idade, sexo e classificação Killip para o estado clínico (KILLIP & KIMBALL, 1967). Durante a fase hospitalar apenas 01 paciente foi acometido por episódios de taquiarritmia ventricular sustentada, sendo que na evolução este paciente veio a apresentar potencial tardio ventricular. Os pacientes que foram submetidos a terapêutica trombolítica apresentaram uma menor prevalência de potencial tardio ventricular, quando comparados com os pacientes submetidos apenas ao tratamento convencional (17,4% vs 52,9%; p=0,02). As médias dos três parâmetros do eletrocardiograma de alta resolução apresentaram diferenças significativas (p= 0,03). Os pacientes que apresentavam a artéria relacionada ao infarto patente mostraram menor prevalência de potencial tardio ventricular, quando comparados aos que apresentavam a artéria ocluída (20% vs 53,33%; p=0,03). Apenas as médias do parâmetro QRST não evidenciaram diferença significativa (p= 0,23). A possível interferência do sexo neste parâmetro foi analisada. Não houve diferença significativa do QRST, apenas no sexo feminino, entre os pacientes com artérias patente e ocluída.A comparação entre as regiões acometidas pelo infarto (anterior ou inferior) não mostrou diferenças significativas na prevalência do potencial tardio ventricular e entre as médias dos parâmetros. Houve um maior número de potencial tardio positivo nos pacientes com infarto inferior, atribuído a maior sensibilidade do método para detecção de potenciais tardios oriundos desta parede. O comprometimento ventricular esquerdo, seja por dilatação ou por disfunção, não interferiu na prevalência do potencial tardio ventricular. Entretanto, a análise das médias dos parâmetros mostrou uma diferença significativa apenas para o QRST (p=0,01 para dilatação e p=0,04 para disfunção), sugerindo que nestas circunstâncias o aumento do QRST pode não estar relacionado, apenas com a presença de potenciais tardios ventriculares.
abstract: To evaluate arrhythmogenic substract, patients with acute myocardial infarction were submitted to analysis of ventricular late potential obtained from signalaveraged electrocardiogram (SAECG). Forty in-hospital patients in acute phase of their first myocardial infarction without evidence of other heart diseases or bundle branch blocks were studied through clinicai evaluation, hemodynamic and coronariographic studies during hospital phase (4,95 + 5,39 days) of infarction, and SAECG near hospital discharge (11,52 ± 2,8 days). Overall prevalence of ventricular late potential was 32,5%: 13 of them had positive late potential (PLP group) while 27 had no late potential, being considered negative (NLP group). Analysis of the three parameters of SAECG (QRST, LAS40 and RMS40) showed highly significant differences between the averages of PLP and NLP groups (p=0,0001). Both groups had no differences related to age, sex and Killip clinicai classification. During hospital phase only one patient had episodes of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and he tumed out to have positive ventricular late potential. Patients who had been submitted to thrombolytic therapy showed a significantly lower prevalence of ventricular late potential, in comparison to those under conventional therapy (17,4% vs 52,9%; p=0,02). Besides, these two groups also showed significant differences related to the three SAECG parameters (p=0,03). Patients who had patent infarction-related artery showed a significantly lower prevalence of ventricular late potential when compared to those with occluded artery (20% vs 53,3%; p=0,03). QRST average values, however, showed no significant difference (p=0,23); possible influence of sex in this parameter was analysed, and there was no significant difference of QRST between women with patent and occluded arteries. Comparisons between anterior and inferior infarctions showed no significant difference in prevalence of ventricular late potential or parameter avarages. Inferior infarctions had more positive ventricular late potential, probably due to a greater sensitivity of the method in detecting late potentials originated in the wall. Left ventricular involvement, whether by dilation or disfunction, did not interfere in the prevalence of ventricular late potential. Nevertheless, analysis of parameter averages showed a significant difference in QRST (p=0,01 for dilation and p=0,04 for disfunction), suggesting that in these situations the increase of QRST may be related to other factors than the mere presence of ventricular late potential.
Turato, Egberto Ribeiro 1954. "Infarto do miocardio : historico de vida e opiniões de paciente." [s.n.], 1988. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311659.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-16T02:25:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Turato_EgbertoRibeiro_D.pdf: 12942921 bytes, checksum: cdf239f9f4e1e08b8434f62ac8d03ca8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1988
Resumo: Para o presente trabalho, o autor ocupou-se de colher e estudar Histórias de vida com Infarto Agudo do Miocãrdio - IAM- visando contribuir para a compreensão de receios, duvidas, expectativas e atitudes deles a partir da escuta e da observação do comportamento global destes pacientes. Procurou conhecer especialmente opiniões leigas de amostras de pacientes, extraldas nos 12 hospitais gerais de Campinas-SP,a respeito do IAMe de aspectos correlacionados, ouvindo 100 indivlduos, di$tribuidos em dois grupos: um de pacientes com infarto recente e outro, sem antecedentes cardiológicos, pareado por sexo, faixa etãria e condições sõcio-econômicas. E compilou-se opinião cientlfica de vãrias vertentes para confrontar com as primeiras....Observação: O resumo, na integra, podera ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: For this paper, the author collected and studied Life Stories of patients with Myocardial Infarction aiming at contributing to the comprehension of their fears, doubts, expectations and attitudes, by listening to and observing them in their global behavior. Wetried to get mainly non-professional opinions of sampled patients from 12 general hospitals in Campinas, SP, regarding the MI and correlated aspects, listening to 100 patients, distributed in two groups: one of patients with recent infárction and the other without cardiological antecedents, paired by sex, age and social-economic conditions. As well as relationships between opinions and personal characteristics and life events were looked for....Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Doutorado
Doutor em Medicina
Varillas, Cueto Rodrigo. "El infarto de miocardio como accidente de trabajo in itinere." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118421.
Full textJáuregui, Contreras Marcos. "Valor pronóstico de la velocidad de propagación del llenado ventricular en pacientes con infarto de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2005. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/1950.
Full text--- Objective: To evaluate the flow propagation velocity of the ventricular filling (Vp) and the ratio E/Vp with echocardiography and show the prognostic implications in patients with ST elevated myocardial infarction. Design: Echocardiography was performed in 43 consecutive patients with ST elevated myocardial infarction admitted en Edgardo Rebagliati Hospital from April to December 2001, evaluation of systolic and diastolic parameters: flow propagation and E wave was correlated with cardiovascular end points three months after discharge. Results: 100% of patients shown some grade of diastolic dysfunction, 27.1% systolic dysfunction by echocardiography. Vp and E/Vp shown significant relation with ejection fraction, clinical left ventricular failure and admission for heart failure until three months after discharge. Left end ventricular diastolic pressure by echocardiography correlated with ejection fraction in that study. Conclusions: The E/Vp ratio is a parameter of diastolic dysfunction which correlates with ejection fraction in patients with myocardial infarction. The Vp and the E/Vp ratio is a prognostic index for heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Tesis de segunda especialidad