Journal articles: 'Miombo woodland'

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Rannestad, Meley Mekonen, and Tigist Araya Gessesse. "Deforestation and Subsequent Cultivation of Nutrient Poor Soils of Miombo Woodlands of Tanzania: Long Term Effect on Maize Yield and Soil Nutrients." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 18, 2020): 4113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104113.

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The miombo woodlands of Tanzania have continued to be subjected to deforestation due to mainly agricultural expansion. Knowledge of long-term productivity of the subsequent land use can help to evaluate the sustainability of the existing land management systems. We used both socioeconomic and soil survey data to assess maize yield and selected soil properties, respectively, with an increasing cultivation period since conversion from miombo woodland. Data on maize production was collected from 121 households in three villages, while soil sampling was undertaken on 15 plots in one of the study villages. Soil samples were taken from miombo woodland and from croplands with cultivation periods varying from two to 52 years. Samples were taken at 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm depths and analyzed for the major plant nutrients. According to the results of the socioeconomic data analysis, continued cultivation of former miombo woodlands does not have a significant effect on maize yield. The results of the soil analysis also showed that the major plant nutrients on farmlands in both soil layers did not show a significant change from the adjacent miombo woodland and did not decline with increasing cultivation period. This indicates that the current farming system can maintain the levels of the major plant nutrients and thus soil productivity.

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Godlee, John L., Francisco Maiato Gonçalves, José João Tchamba, Antonio Valter Chisingui, Jonathan Ilunga Muledi, Mylor Ngoy Shutcha, Casey M. Ryan, Thom K. Brade, and Kyle G. Dexter. "Diversity and Structure of an Arid Woodland in Southwest Angola, with Comparison to the Wider Miombo Ecoregion." Diversity 12, no. 4 (April 3, 2020): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12040140.

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Seasonally dry woodlands are the dominant land cover across southern Africa. They are biodiverse, structurally complex, and important for ecosystem service provision. Species composition and structure vary across the region producing a diverse array of woodland types. The woodlands of the Huíla plateau in southwest Angola represent the extreme southwestern extent of the miombo ecoregion and are markedly drier than other woodlands within this ecoregion. They remain understudied, however, compared to woodlands further east in the miombo ecoregion. We aimed to elucidate further the tree diversity found within southwestern Angolan woodlands by conducting a plot-based study in Bicuar National Park, comparing tree species composition and woodland structure with similar plots in Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. We found Bicuar National Park had comparatively low tree species diversity, but contained 27 tree species not found in other plots. Plots in Bicuar had low basal area, excepting plots dominated by Baikiaea plurijuga. In a comparison of plots in intact vegetation with areas previously disturbed by shifting-cultivation agriculture, we found species diversity was marginally higher in disturbed plots. Bicuar National Park remains an important woodland refuge in Angola, with an uncommon mosaic of woodland types within a small area. While we highlight wide variation in species composition and woodland structure across the miombo ecoregion, plot-based studies with more dense sampling across the ecoregion are clearly needed to more broadly understand regional variation in vegetation diversity, composition and structure.

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Lupala, Z. J., L. P. Lusambo, Y. M. Ngaga, and Angelingis A. Makatta. "The Land Use and Cover Change in Miombo Woodlands under Community Based Forest Management and Its Implication to Climate Change Mitigation: A Case of Southern Highlands of Tanzania." International Journal of Forestry Research 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/459102.

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In Tanzania, miombo woodland is the most significant forest vegetation with both ecological and socioeconomic importance. The vegetation has been threatened from land use and cover change due to unsustainable utilization. Over the past two decades, community based forest management (CBFM) has been practiced to address the problem. Given the current need to mitigate global climate change, little is known on the influence of CBFM to the land use and cover change in miombo woodlands and therefore compromising climate change mitigation strategies. This study explored the dynamic of land use and covers change and biomass due to CBFM and established the implication to climate change mitigation. The study revealed increasing miombo woodland cover density with decreasing unsustainable utilization. The observed improvement in cover density and biomass provides potential for climate change mitigation strategies. CBFM also developed solidarity, cohesion, and social control of miombo woodlands illegal extraction. This further enhances permanence, reduces leakage, and increases accountability requirement for carbon credits. Collectively with these promising results, good land use plan at village level and introduction of alternative income generating activities can be among the best options to further reduce land use change and biomass loss in miombo woodlands.

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Lupala, Z. J., L. P. Lusambo, and Y. M. Ngaga. "Management, Growth, and Carbon Storage in Miombo Woodlands of Tanzania." International Journal of Forestry Research 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/629317.

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Despite the local livelihoods support function provided by miombo woodlands of Tanzania under participatory forest management, its growth still has potential for carbon storage and sequestration attractive to REDD+ initiatives. This study has revealed the average growth to be significant, despite the local community livelihoods support function. However, climate change mitigation strategy needs to be more innovative to optimize carbon storage and local livelihoods’ potentials in forest-dependent communities like miombo woodlands. Carbon credits resulting from the increased carbon stock and sequestration should contribute to sustainable development. This should also help promote participatory forest management and secure miombo woodland products and services upon which billions of people depend.

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Chidumayo, E. N. "Species structure in Zambian miombo woodland." Journal of Tropical Ecology 3, no. 2 (May 1987): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400001838.

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ABSTRACTMiombo woodland in Zambia is divided into wetter and drier types by the 1100 mm mean rainfall isohyet. In the present study two wetter (Northern, Northwestern) and three drier (Central, Eastern, Western) miombo subtypes were recognized.A survey of the woody flora of 94 old-growth and 58 coppice stands in the five miombo subtypes revealed some significant differences in species diversity among them. The floristic differentiantion of miombo subtypes was best achieved by the use of the Shannon species diversity index (H′) and species density (number of species 0.1 ha−1 or 0.4 ha−1). H′ in miombo decreased from 2.247 in Northwestern to 2.136 in Northern, 2.052 in Eastern, 1.918 in Central and 1.824 in Western subtypes. Although species density was not significantly different between wetter miombo subtypes, this decreased in a similar fashion from 18.78 0.1 ha−1 in Northwestern to 18.30 in Northern, 16.65 in Eastern, 14.79 in Central and 12.29 in Western subtypes. The low species diversity in Western drier miombo was attributed to the combined effects of low soil fertility and rainfall.Although the mean number of species per 0.1 ha plot was higher in coppice samples, species richness (d) and index of diversity (H′) were lower than in old-growth samples. These results indicate lower species diversity in regenerating miombo. The dynamic aspects of species structure should therefore be considered in the future conservation of biological diversity in miombo woodland.

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Chidumayo, Emmanuel N. "Biotic interactions, climate and disturbance underlie the distribution of two Julbernardia tree species in miombo woodlands of Africa." Journal of Tropical Ecology 33, no. 1 (December 20, 2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467416000584.

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Abstract:Occurrence data for Julbernardia globiflora and J. paniculata at 617 sites in the miombo woodland region of central, eastern and southern Africa and forest inventory data for 512 woodland plots in Zambia were used to determine species distribution and dominance. Distribution of the two Julbernardia species overlaps in the central region of the miombo woodland range while the eastern and western range regions are exclusively for only one of the two species. In the region of co-occurrence, there is a clear spatial separation in the dominance of the two species. In old-growth woodland a significant proportion of the variation in the dominance of J. globiflora was explained by the dominance of J. paniculata while mean annual maximum temperature and tree species richness negatively affect the dominance of J. paniculata. Old-growth woodland clearing changes the local climatic conditions and alters the way Julbernardia species in re-growth stands respond to potential evapo-transpiration (PET). Climate change, especially global warming, may further reinforce the impacts of PET to differentially favour J. globiflora. Because of this altered response of Julbernardia species in re-growth miombo, preserving old-growth miombo and preventing present human disturbances in designated areas, such as forest reserves and national parks, may be a useful climate adaptation strategy for these species.

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Bulusu, Medha, Christopher Martius, and Jessica Clendenning. "Carbon Stocks in Miombo Woodlands: Evidence from over 50 Years." Forests 12, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12070862.

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Miombo woodlands are extensive dry forest ecosystems in central and southern Africa covering ≈2.7 million km2. Despite their vast expanse and global importance for carbon storage, the long-term carbon stocks and dynamics have been poorly researched. The objective of this paper was to present and summarize the evidence gathered on aboveground carbon (AGC) and soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks of miombo woodlands from the 1960s to mid-2018 through a literature review. We reviewed the data to find out to what extent aboveground carbon and soil organic carbon stocks are found in miombo woodlands and further investigated if are there differences in carbon stocks based on woodland categories (old-growth, disturbed and re-growth). A review protocol was used to identify 56 publications from which quantitative data on AGC and SOC stocks were extracted. We found that the mean AGC in old-growth miombo (45.8 ± 17.8 Mg C ha−1), disturbed miombo (26.7 ± 15 Mg C ha−1), and regrowth miombo (18.8 ± 16.8 Mg C ha−1) differed significantly. Data on rainfall, stand age, and land-use suggested that the variability in aboveground carbon is site-specific, relating to climatic and geographic conditions as well as land-use history. SOC stocks in both old-growth and re-growth miombo were found to vary widely. It must be noted these soil data are provided only for information; they inconsistently refer to varying soil depths and are thus difficult to interpret. The wide range reported suggests a need for further studies which are much more systematic in method and reporting. Other limitations of the dataset include the lack of systematic sampling and lack of data in some countries, viz. Angola and Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Mercader, Julio, Tim Bennett, Chris Esselmont, Steven Simpson, and Dale Walde. "Soil phytoliths from miombo woodlands in Mozambique." Quaternary Research 75, no. 1 (January 2011): 138–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.008.

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AbstractThis paper describes topsoil phytolith assemblages from 25 loci underneath miombo woodlands on an eco-transect intersecting the Mozambican Rift along a geographical, altitudinal, climatic and botanical gradient. We provide the first comprehensive overview of the phytolith spectrum that defines northern Mozambique's Zambezian floristic zone. Our classifying criteria derive from comparison with previously described and quantified reference collections of trees and grasses growing in the study area. We characterize the sedimentological and soil features of the matrices where phytoliths are found, establishing correlation among geo-edaphic variables and phytoliths. Descriptive statistics along with nonparametric and parametric statistical analyses evaluate phytolith grouping criteria, variation, robustness, and membership. From a taphonomic perspective, we attest that topsoil phytolith assemblages are polygenic and do not represent an episodic snapshot of extant vegetation, but a palimpsest from plants representing various disturbance episodes, succession stages, and ecological trends. Phytoliths retrieved from Mozambican miombo soils do not seem to trace altitudinal, temperature, or precipitation gradients, and no significant differences exist between highland and lowland phytolith assemblages. This article provides a phytolith analog for woodland environments that can guide future paleoenvironmental research. It also confirms that phytolith analysis is able to detect shifts in the woodland/grassland interface.

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CHIDUMAYO, EMMANUEL N. "Estimating tree biomass and changes in root biomass following clear-cutting of Brachystegia-Julbernardia (miombo) woodland in central Zambia." Environmental Conservation 41, no. 1 (June 18, 2013): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892913000210.

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SUMMARYThis study aimed at developing allometric models from destructive sample field data for estimating both aboveground and belowground tree biomass and assessing changes in root biomass after old-growth Brachystegia-Julbernardia (miombo) woodland clearing in central Zambia. Logarithmic linear models were selected for estimating tree biomass because they gave the most accurate (low mean error) predictions. On average aboveground and belowground biomass in regrowth woodland represented 29% and 41%, respectively, of the biomass in old-growth woodland. The root:shoot ratios were 0.54 and 0.77 in old-growth and regrowth woodland, respectively. Ten years after clear-cutting old-growth woodland, root biomass loss was about 60% of the original biomass. The main cause of post clearing root biomass loss was fire which at the study sites occurred annually or biannually. Control of fire in cleared sites should be encouraged in forest management for carbon storage and sequestration in miombo woodland of southern Africa.

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Jenkins, R. K. B., G. R. Corti, E. Fanning, and K. Roettcher. "Management implications of antelope habitat use in the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania." Oryx 36, no. 2 (April 2002): 161–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605302000236.

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High cattle densities, expanding human settlements and the conversion of miombo woodland into farms and teak plantations are threatening wildlife populations in the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania, and conservation research on this internationally important wetland is required as part of an integrated approach to its future management. The effect of land-use change on antelopes (family Bovidae) was investigated by surveying tracks and dung during three seasons over 1999–2000 in an area of mixed land-use. Use of miombo woodland, grassland and farmland habitats by antelopes was highest during the wet season (April–May), probably representing the movements of animals away from the floodplain. Duiker, puku Kobus vardoni and reedbuck Redunca spp. predominantly used the farmland during the wet season, at which time buffalo Syncerus caffer were more common in the miombo woodland. The findings of this study have three main implications for the conservation of the valley. Firstly, the inadvertent provision of suitable wet season habitats for puku and other small-medium antelopes by rice farmers could lead to higher levels of illegal hunting, and may increase the potential for conflict between agriculture and wildlife. Secondly, the loss of miombo vegetation will most strongly affect the larger species of antelope (sable Hippotragus niger and waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus), which favour open-woodland habitats; future work should therefore determine levels of habitat use by antelopes in and around maturing teak plantations. Thirdly, any management prescriptions to conserve the Kilombero Valley should include the land on the edge of the floodplain.

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Bundschuh, Tina Vanadis, Rüdiger Wittig, and Karen Hahn. "Effects of Human Impact on Miombo Woodland in Northern Malawi." Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 13 (January 1, 2010): 22–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/fvss.13.12.

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Miombo woodland is found throughout the Zambezian regional centre of endemism where most of the rural population make use of its wild plant species. This article presents the results of a study on the composition of the woody vegetation and its anthropogenous alteration in northern Malawi with particular respect to the impact caused by the collection of wild plants. The main vegetation type in this area is miombo woodland which is composed of 80 woody species. The collection of wild plants does not show an effect on the plant diversity but effects are visible in the decreasing number of tall trees.

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Löyttyniemi, Kari, and Riitta Löyttyniemi. "Cleridae (Coleoptera) from miombo woodland in Zambia." Entomologica Fennica 4, no. 4 (December 1, 1993): 223–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33338/ef.83773.

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Stromgaard, Peter. "Biomass estimation equations for miombo woodland, Zambia." Agroforestry Systems 3, no. 1 (1985): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00045734.

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Jew, Eleanor K. K., Jacqueline Loos, Andrew J. Dougill, Susannah M. Sallu, and Tim G. Benton. "Butterfly communities in miombo woodland: Biodiversity declines with increasing woodland utilisation." Biological Conservation 192 (December 2015): 436–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.10.022.

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Nyirenda, Vincent R., Ngawo Namukonde, Matamyo Simwanda, Darius Phiri, Yuji Murayama, Manjula Ranagalage, and Kaula Milimo. "Rodent Assemblages in the Mosaic of Habitat Types in the Zambezian Bioregion." Diversity 12, no. 10 (September 23, 2020): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12100365.

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Rodent assemblages have ecological importance in ecosystem functioning and protected area management. Our study examines the patterns of assemblages of rodents across four habitat types (i.e., Miombo woodland, Acacia woodland, grasslands and farmlands) in the savanna environment. Capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods were applied for data collection across the Chembe Bird Sanctuary (CBS) landscape. The Non-metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling (NMDS) was used for exploratory data analysis, followed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey–Kramer’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) post-hoc tests. The rodent assemblages in CBS significantly differed between the non-farmlands (i.e., Miombo woodland, Acacia woodland and grasslands) and farmlands. There were: (1) zero rodent diversity in farmlands, dominated completely by a pest species, M. natalensis; and (2) different rodent assemblages in three non-farmland habitat types. We suggest that rodent assemblages should be mediated by conservation planning and multi-stakeholder collaboration beyond the protected area boundaries to contribute to a working CBS landscape positively.

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Shirima, Deo D., Ørjan Totland, Pantaleo K. T. Munishi, and Stein R. Moe. "Does the abundance of dominant trees affect diversity of a widespread tropical woodland ecosystem in Tanzania?" Journal of Tropical Ecology 31, no. 4 (June 8, 2015): 345–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467415000231.

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Abstract:Dominant woody species can determine the structure and composition of a plant community by affecting environmental conditions experienced by other species. We explored how dominant tree species affect the tree species richness, diversity, evenness and vertical structural heterogeneity of non-dominant species in wet and dry miombo woodlands of Tanzania. We sampled 146 plots from eight districts with miombo woodlands, covering a wide range of topographic and climatic conditions. We recorded 217 woody plant species belonging to 48 families and 122 genera. Regression analysis showed significant negative linear associations between tree species richness, relative species profile index of the non-dominant and the relative abundance of the dominant tree species (Brachystegia spiciformis and Brachystegia microphylla in wet, and Brachystegia spiciformis and Julbernardia globiflora in dry miombo woodlands). Shannon diversity and evenness had strong non-linear negative relationships with relative abundance of dominant tree species. A large number of small individual stems from dominant and non-dominant tree species suggesting good regeneration conditions, and intensive competition affecting survival. We suggest that dominant miombo tree species are suppressing the non-dominant miombo tree species, especially in areas with high recruitments, perhaps because of their important adaptive features (extensive root systems and ectomycorrhizal associations), which enhance their ability to access limited nutrients.

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Campbell, B. M., R. N. Cunliffe, and J. Gambiza. "Vegetation structure and small-scale pattern in Miombo Woodland, Marondera, Zimbabwe." Bothalia 25, no. 1 (October 9, 1995): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v25i1.721.

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The aim ol this paper is to describe woodland structure and small-scale patterning of woody plants at a miombo site, and to relate these to past disturbance and soil properties. Brachystegia spiciformis Benth. and Julbemardia globiflora (Benth.) Troupin were the most frequent woody plants at the five hectare site, with size-class distributions which were markedly skewed towards the smaller size classes. The vegetation structure at the site and the increase in basal area over the past thirty years point to considerable disturbance prior to the present protected status. Six woodland subtypes were identified, grouped into two structural types: open and closed woodland. The distribution of woodland subtypes related closely to certain soil properties. It was hypothesized that the distribution of open and closed woodland is stable and a positive feedback mechanism by which this occurs is postulated.

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Chidumayo, E. N. "Seedling development of the miombo woodland treeJulbernardia globiflora." Journal of Vegetation Science 2, no. 1 (February 1991): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3235894.

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Hardouin, Marie, Charlotte E. Searle, Paolo Strampelli, Josephine Smit, Amy Dickman, Alex L. Lobora, and J. Marcus Rowcliffe. "Density responses of lesser-studied carnivores to habitat and management strategies in southern Tanzania’s Ruaha-Rungwa landscape." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): e0242293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242293.

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Compared to emblematic large carnivores, most species of the order Carnivora receive little conservation attention despite increasing anthropogenic pressure and poor understanding of their status across much of their range. We employed systematic camera trapping and spatially explicit capture-recapture modelling to estimate variation in population density of serval, striped hyaena and aardwolf across the mixed-use Ruaha-Rungwa landscape in southern Tanzania. We selected three sites representative of different habitat types, management strategies, and levels of anthropogenic pressure: Ruaha National Park’s core tourist area, dominated by Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets; the Park’s miombo woodland; and the neighbouring community-run MBOMIPA Wildlife Management Area, also covered in Acacia-Commiphora. The Park’s miombo woodlands supported a higher serval density (5.56 [Standard Error = ±2.45] individuals per 100 km2) than either the core tourist area (3.45 [±1.04] individuals per 100 km2) or the Wildlife Management Area (2.08 [±0.74] individuals per 100 km2). Taken together, precipitation, the abundance of apex predators, and the level of anthropogenic pressure likely drive such variation. Striped hyaena were detected only in the Wildlife Management Area and at low density (1.36 [±0.50] individuals per 100 km2), potentially due to the location of the surveyed sites at the edge of the species’ global range, high densities of sympatric competitors, and anthropogenic edge effects. Finally, aardwolf were captured in both the Park’s core tourist area and the Wildlife Management Area, with a higher density in the Wildlife Management Area (13.25 [±2.48] versus 9.19 [±1.66] individuals per 100 km2), possibly as a result of lower intraguild predation and late fire outbreaks in the area surveyed. By shedding light on three understudied African carnivore species, this study highlights the importance of miombo woodland conservation and community-managed conservation, as well as the value of by-catch camera trap data to improve ecological knowledge of lesser-studied carnivores.

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Trouet, Valérie, Kristof Haneca, Pol Coppin, and Hans Beeckman. "TREE RING ANALYSIS OF BRACHYSTEGIA SPICIFORMIS AND ISOBERLINIA TOMENTOSA: EVALUATION OF THE ENSO-SIGNAL IN THE MIOMBO WOODLAND OF EASTERN AFRICA." IAWA Journal 22, no. 4 (2001): 385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000384.

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The value of growth rings as proxy data for climate reconstruction was studied in two miombo woodland species in eastern Africa. Growth rings, marked by terminal parenchyma, were visually detectable on carefully prepared stem discs of Isoberlinia tomentosa and Brachystegia spiciformis, dominant species of the miombo woodland in north-western Tanzania. However, the presence of multiple growth ring anomalies rendered cross-dating of the growth ring series between trees difficult. Cross-dating succeeded for eight out of thirteen samples for Isoberlinia tomentosa, but was unsuccessful for Brachystegia spiciformis. A mean series of 38 years was calculated for Isoberlinia tomentosa only. Monthly precipitation, monthly maximum air temperature and monthly SOI-value (Southern Oscillation Index) correlated significantly with tree ring widths of the mean series. These correlations are strong indicators of the annual character of the growth rings. They also suggest that Isoberlinia tomentosa provides an appropriate paleoclimatic record for dendroclimatic reconstruction.

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Fleming, Patricia A., and John P. Loveridge. "Miombo woodland termite mounds: resource islands for small vertebrates?" Journal of Zoology 259, no. 2 (February 2003): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952836902003084.

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Grundy, Isla M. "Wood biomass estimation in dry miombo woodland in Zimbabwe." Forest Ecology and Management 72, no. 2-3 (April 1995): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(94)03467-b.

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Loveridge, John P., and Stein R. Moe. "Termitaria as browsing hotspots for African megaherbivores in miombo woodland." Journal of Tropical Ecology 20, no. 3 (April 21, 2004): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467403001202.

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Thirteen termite mounds and 13 similar-sized control plots were surveyed in central Zimbabwe in order to study large mammalian browsing and vegetation characteristics. The mounds supported almost twice as many tree species as the control plots and the woody vegetation was denser on mounds compared with the woodland plots. Species of woody plants were recorded along with the percentage of branches browsed (cumulative browsing score) by black rhino, Diceros bicornis, elephant, Loxodonta africana and other browsers combined. In addition we measured how the cumulative browsing score on three woody plant species, Acacia nilotica, Colophospermum mopane and Dichrostachys cinerea, which were common both on and off mounds, was related to the distance from mound centre. Both black rhino and elephant cumulative browsing scores were significantly higher on the mound plants compared with the woodland plots. Cumulative browsing score was negatively related to distance from the mound centre for Dichrostachys cinerea, Colophospermum mopane and Acacia nilotica. We propose that termite mound construction in miombo woodland contributes to sustaining populations of megaherbivores and perhaps some woody species in these areas.

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Mapaure, I. "A floristic classification of the vegetation of a forest-savanna boundary in southeastern Zimbabwe." Bothalia 27, no. 2 (October 8, 1997): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v27i2.680.

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The vegetation of Chirinda Forest boundary was classified into eight types using Two-way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) and Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA). The moist forest comprises three types: Strychnos mellodora-Chrysophyllum gonmgosanum Forest on deep dolerite soils; Chrysophyllum gorungosanum-Myrianthus holstii Forest on shallow dolerite soils; and Teclea iiobilis-Ehretia cymosa Forest on drier, but deep dolerite soils. The non-forest vegetation comprises five types: Themeda triandra Grassland on shallow dolerite soils; Psidium guajava Bushland on sandstone; Bridelia micrantha-Harungana madagascariensis Mixed Woodland not restricted to any one particular soil type; Acacia karroo- Heteropyxis dehniae Woodland on shallow soils derived from sandstone but sometimes on dolerite; and Julbemardia globiflora-Brachystegia spiciformis (Miombo) Woodland on sandstone.

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Schaefer, Hanno. "Momordica mossambicasp. nov. (Cucurbitaceae) from miombo woodland in northern Mozambique." Nordic Journal of Botany 27, no. 5 (October 2009): 359–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.2009.00515.x.

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Soka, Geofrey, and Nanjiva Nzunda. "Application of Remote Sensing and Developed Allometric Models for Estimating Wood Carbon Stocks in a North-Western Miombo Woodland Landscape of Tanzania." Journal of Ecosystems 2014 (June 5, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/714734.

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Quantifying ecosystem carbon stocks is vital for understanding the relationship between changes in land use and cover (LULC) and carbon emissions; however, few studies have documented the impacts of carbon cycling on Miombo ecosystems. Here, we estimate the amounts of wood carbon which is stored and lost as a result of LULC changes in Kagoma Forest Reserve (KFR) for the periods between 1988 and 2010 using GIS data, Landsat imagery, and field observations. The land cover was captured on the basis of Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 7 ETM. The amounts of wood carbon stored and lost were estimated based on four previously developed allometric models. Spatial analysis of the Landsat images shows that in the year 1988, woodlands dominated the area by covering 32.66% whereas in the year 2010 the woodlands covered only 7.34% of the total area. The findings of the current study reveal that KFR had undergone notable changes in terms of LULC for the period of 1988–2010. It was estimated that the woodlands in the KFR lost an average of 4409.79 t Cyr-1. In this study, the amount of carbon stocks stored was estimated to be 21457.02 tonnes in tree stem biomass based on the area (1226.12 ha) that was covered by woodlands. We estimated that an average of 17.79 t Ch-1 was stored in the Miombo woodlands based on the four models. The efforts to ensure sustainable management of the Miombo ecosystem can contribute to the creation of a considerable carbon sink.

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Weier, Sina M., Mark Keith, Götz G. Neef, Daniel M. Parker, and Peter J. Taylor. "Bat Species Richness and Community Composition along a Mega-transect in the Okavango River Basin." Diversity 12, no. 5 (May 11, 2020): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12050188.

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The Okavango River Basin is a hotspot of bat diversity that requires urgent and adequate protection. To advise future conservation strategies, we investigated the relative importance of a range of potential environmental drivers of bat species richness and functional community composition in the Okavango River Basin. During annual canoe transects along the major rivers, originating in the central Angolan highlands, we recorded more than 25,000 bat echolocation calls from 2015 to 2018. We corrected for possible biases in sampling design and effort. Firstly, we conducted rarefaction analyses of each survey year and sampling appeared to be complete, apart from 2016. Secondly, we used total activity as a measure of sample effort in mixed models of species richness. Species richness was highest in the Angola Miombo Woodlands and at lower elevations, with higher minimum temperatures. In total, we identified 31 individual bat species. We show that even when acoustic surveys are conducted in remote areas and over multiple years, it is possible to correct for biases and obtain representative richness estimates. Changes in habitat heterogeneity will have detrimental effects on the high richness reported here and human land-use change, specifically agriculture, must be mediated in a system such as the Angolan Miombo Woodland.

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Hofiço, Noé Dos Santos Ananias, Emanuel Arnoni Costa, Salvador José António Nanvonamuquitxo, and Frederico Dimas Fleig. "REGULATION OF THE DIAMETRIC STRUCTURE OF THE MIOMBO WOODLAND USING THE DE LIOCOURT METHOD IN MOZAMBIQUE." Nativa 6, no. 4 (July 18, 2018): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v6i4.5396.

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REGULAÇÃO DA ESTRUTURA DIAMÉTRICA DE UMA FLORESTA DE MIOMBO USANDO O MÉTODO DE LIOCOURT EM MOÇAMBIQUE Este trabalho teve como objetivo aplicar o método de De Liocourt na regulação da estrutura diamétrica de uma floresta de Miombo no distrito de Mocuba, na região central de Moçambique, a fim de subsidiar ações de regulação do corte de madeira e manejo. O estudo foi realizado em uma área de 4,0 ha, dividida em 16 parcelas de 50 x 50 m, onde foram mensuradas as variáveis CAP ≥ 31,5 cm e a altura total dos indivíduos, e distribuídos em classes de diâmetro. Foram registrados 2075 indivíduos, distribuídos em 41 espécies, 31 gêneros e 12 famílias. A Fabaceae foi a família de maior importância ecológica. A floresta apresentou uma densidade de 519 árvores por hectare e área basal de 27,48 m2.ha-1. O valor do quociente 'q' para a floresta foi de 1,48, indicando que as taxas de mortalidade e recrutamento não se encontram em equilíbrio. A regulação do corte possibilitou a retirada de 15 árvores por hectare no conjunto das classes de frequência, para um diâmetro mínimo de corte (DMC) de 40,0 cm com redução de 2,42 m².ha-1 de área basal, evitando-se assim a estagnação da floresta, bem como 2 árvores por hectare para um DMC de 50,0 cm com redução de 0,45 m².ha-1 de área basal.Palavras-chave: florística, fitossociologia, exploração florestal, manejo florestal. ABSTRACT:The aim of this work was to apply the De Liocourt quotient in diametric structure evaluation of the Miombo woodland in Mocuba district, in central Mozambique, in order to subsidize logging regulation actions and management. The study was carried out in an area of 4.0 ha, divided into 16 plots of 50 x 50 m, where the CBH ≥ 31.5 cm and total height of all trees were measured and distributed in diametric classes. There were 2075 individuals, distributed in 41 species, 31 genera and 12 families. Fabaceae was the most ecologically important family. The woodland had a density of 519 trees per hectare and a basal area of 27.48 m2.ha-1. The value of the 'q' quotient for the Miombo woodland was 1.48, indicating that mortality and recruitment rates are not in equilibrium. The logging regulation allowed the withdrawal of 15 trees per hectare in the frequency classes as a whole, to a minimum diameter cutting limit (MDC) of 40.0 cm with a reduction of 2.42 m².ha-1 of basal area, thus avoiding stagnation of woodland, as well as 2 trees per hectare for a MDC of 50.0 cm with a reduction of 0.45 m².ha-1 of basal area.Keywords: floristic, phytosociology, logging, forest management.

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29

LEIRS, H., R. VERHAGEN, W. VERHEYEN, and M. R. PERRIN. "The biology of Elephantulus brachyrhynchus in natural miombo woodland in Tanzania." Mammal Review 25, no. 1-2 (March 1995): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2907.1995.tb00437.x.

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30

Hamza Mgumia, Fadhili. "Traditional Uses of Miombo Woodland Tree Species in Sikonge District, Tanzania." International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management 2, no. 4 (2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnrem.20170204.11.

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31

Saito, Makoto, Sebastiaan Luyssaert, Ben Poulter, Mathew Williams, Philippe Ciais, Valentin Bellassen, Casey M. Ryan, Chao Yue, Patricia Cadule, and Philippe Peylin. "Fire regimes and variability in aboveground woody biomass in miombo woodland." Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 119, no. 5 (May 2014): 1014–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013jg002505.

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32

Mwakalukwa, Ezekiel Edward, Henrik Meilby, and Thorsten Treue. "Volume and Aboveground Biomass Models for Dry Miombo Woodland in Tanzania." International Journal of Forestry Research 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/531256.

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Tools to accurately estimate tree volume and biomass are scarce for most forest types in East Africa, including Tanzania. Based on a sample of 142 trees and 57 shrubs from a 6,065 ha area of dry miombo woodland in Iringa rural district in Tanzania, regression models were developed for volume and biomass of three important species,Brachystegia spiciformisBenth. (n = 40),Combretum molleG. Don (n = 41), andDalbergia arbutifoliaBaker (n = 37) separately, and for broader samples of trees (28 species,n = 72), shrubs (16 species,n = 32), and trees and shrubs combined (44 species,n = 104). Applied independent variables were log-transformed diameter, height, and wood basic density, and in each case a range of different models were tested. The general tendency among the final models is that the fit improved when height and wood basic density were included. Also the precision and accuracy of the predictions tended to increase from general to species-specific models. Except for a few volume and biomass models developed for shrubs, all models hadR2values of 96–99%. Thus, the models appear robust and should be applicable to forests with similar site conditions, species, and diameter ranges.

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33

Ekblom, Anneli, Jan Risberg, and Karin Holmgren. "Coastal forest and Miombo woodland history of the Vilankulo region, Mozambique." Holocene 24, no. 3 (January 31, 2014): 284–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683613518592.

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34

Backéus, Ingvar, Börge Pettersson, Lennart Strömquist, and C. Ruffo. "Tree communities and structural dynamics in miombo (Brachystegia–Julbernardia) woodland, Tanzania." Forest Ecology and Management 230, no. 1-3 (July 2006): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2006.04.033.

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35

Jew, Eleanor K. K., Andrew J. Dougill, Susannah M. Sallu, Jerome O’Connell, and Tim G. Benton. "Miombo woodland under threat: Consequences for tree diversity and carbon storage." Forest Ecology and Management 361 (February 2016): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.011.

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36

NZIGIDAHERA, B., and R. JOCQUÉ. "Two new species of Cydrela (Araneae, Zodariidae) extending the distribution of the genus into Central Africa." Zootaxa 2578, no. 1 (August 27, 2010): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2578.1.4.

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Two new species of Cydrela Thorell (Zodariidae) are described from Burundi: C. neptuna (%&) from miombo woodland and circumguinean forest and C. kreagra (%) from a seminatural area, both at medium altitude. Both species of Cydrela mentioned from Central Africa previously belong to other genera resulting in the new combinations Systenoplacis biunguis (Strand, 1913) and Capheris brunnea (Marx, 1893). The find of Cydrela in Burundi expands the known distribution of the genus considerably.

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37

MEERTS, PIERRE. "An annotated checklist to the trees and shrubs of the Upper Katanga (D.R. Congo)." Phytotaxa 258, no. 3 (May 3, 2016): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.258.3.1.

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A checklist to the trees and shrubs of Upper Katanga (the Zambezian part of Katanga, ca. 260,000 km²) (D.R. Congo) is presented. It comprises 694 taxa (664 species, 15 subspecies, 15 varieties). For each accepted taxon the list provides habitat and geographic distribution. Eleven taxa are new records for the D.R. Congo and 29 are new records for Upper Katanga. Fourteen new synonyms are proposed. Two families stand out as particularly species-rich, i.e. Fabaceae (110 taxa, i.e. Caesalpinioideae: 50; Faboideae: 29; Mimosoideae: 31) and Rubiaceae (74). Six genera comprise 10 taxa or more i.e. Ficus (25), Combretum (17), Monotes (17), Brachystegia (15), Diospyros (11), Acacia (11). The three most important woody vegetation types in Upper Katanga have different phytogeographic and taxonomic assemblages: miombo woodland (254 taxa, 62% of which are Zambezian, over-representation of Caesalpinioideae), riverine and swamp forest (196 taxa, 36% of which are Guineo-Congolian, 17% Afromontane), and Zambezian dry evergreen forest (117 taxa, 37% of which are Guineo-Congolian, Rubiaceae over-represented). Twenty taxa (3%) are strictly endemic to Upper Katanga, most of which occur only in the Katango-Zambian sector of the Zambezian region. Taxonomic uncertainties are emphasized including 13 endemics known by one or two collections only. Forty-nine taxa are almost exclusively associated with termite mounds. For the miombo woodlands eight ecological groups of indicator species are proposed.

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38

Baumgartner, Simon, Marijn Bauters, Matti Barthel, Travis W. Drake, Landry C. Ntaboba, Basile M. Bazirake, Johan Six, Pascal Boeckx, and Kristof Van Oost. "Stable isotope signatures of soil nitrogen on an environmental–geomorphic gradient within the Congo Basin." SOIL 7, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-83-2021.

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Abstract. Nitrogen (N) availability can be highly variable in tropical forests on regional and local scales. While environmental gradients influence N cycling on a regional scale, topography is known to affect N availability on a local scale. We compared natural abundance of 15N isotopes of soil profiles in tropical lowland forest, tropical montane forest, and subtropical Miombo woodland within the Congo Basin as a proxy to assess ecosystem-level differences in N cycling. Soil δ15N profiles indicated that N cycling in the montane forest is relatively more closed and dominated by organic N turnover, whereas the lowland forest and Miombo woodland experienced a more open N cycle dominated by inorganic N. Furthermore, we examined the effect of slope gradient on soil δ15N within forest types to quantify local differences induced by topography. Our results show that slope gradient only affects the soil δ15N in the Miombo forest, which is prone to erosion due to a lower vegetation cover and intense rainfall at the onset of the wet season. Lowland forest, on the other hand, with a flat topography and protective vegetation cover, showed no influence of topography on soil δ15N in our study site. Despite the steep topography, slope angles do not affect soil δ15N in the montane forest, although stable isotope signatures exhibited higher variability within this ecosystem. A pan-tropical analysis of soil δ15N values (i.e., from our study and literature) reveals that soil δ15N in tropical forests is best explained by factors controlling erosion, namely mean annual precipitation, leaf area index, and slope gradient. Erosive forces vary immensely between different tropical forest ecosystems, and our results highlight the need for more spatial coverage of N cycling studies in tropical forests, to further elucidate the local impact of topography on N cycling in this biome.

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39

Sibanda, H. M., and J. Odra. "The Environmental Degradation of the Miombo Woodland and the Potential of Agroforestry." Journal of Environmental Systems 17, no. 3 (January 1, 1987): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/hpt6-wht9-qq4g-mlw6.

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40

Nhantumbo, I., J. B. Dent, and G. Kowero. "Goal programming: Application in the management of the miombo woodland in Mozambique." European Journal of Operational Research 133, no. 2 (January 2001): 310–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-2217(00)00300-3.

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41

Musvoto, C., B. M. Campbell, and H. Kirchmann. "Decomposition and nutrient release from mango and miombo woodland litter in Zimbabwe." Soil Biology and Biochemistry 32, no. 8-9 (August 2000): 1111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0038-0717(00)00023-7.

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42

Ryan, Casey M., Mathew Williams, and John Grace. "Above- and Belowground Carbon Stocks in a Miombo Woodland Landscape of Mozambique." Biotropica 43, no. 4 (January 13, 2011): 423–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2010.00713.x.

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43

Mayes, Marc, Jerry Melillo, Christopher Neill, Cheryl Palm, Jack Mustard, and Gerson Nyadzi. "Nitrogen Cycle Patterns During Forest Regrowth in an African Miombo woodland Landscape." Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 124, no. 6 (June 2019): 1591–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018jg004803.

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44

Mwakalukwa, Ezekiel Edward, Henrik Meilby, and Thorsten Treue. "Floristic Composition, Structure, and Species Associations of Dry Miombo Woodland in Tanzania." ISRN Biodiversity 2014 (May 8, 2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/153278.

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For the majority of forest reserves in Tanzania, biodiversity is poorly documented. This study was conducted to assess species richness (woody species), diversity, and forest structure and to examine relationships between species occurrence and topographic and edaphic factors in the Gangalamtumba Village Land Forest Reserve, a dry Miombo woodland area in Tanzania. A total of 35 nested circular plots with radii of 5, 15, and 20 m were used to collect data on woody species and soil samples across the 6,065 ha community-managed forest reserve. Stumps were measured 20 cm above ground. A total of 88 species belonging to 29 families were identified. Generally forest structure parameters and diversity indices indicated the forest to be in a good condition and have high species richness and diversity. Vegetation analysis revealed four communities of which two were dominated by the family Caesalpiniaceae, indicating large variation of site conditions and possible disturbances in the study area. The high level of diversity of woody species and the high basal area and volume indicate that the forest is in good condition, but the effect of anthropogenic activities is evident and stresses the need for proper management to maintain or enhance the present species diversity.

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45

Chidumayo, Ernrnanuel N. "Fruit Production and Seed Predation in Two Miombo Woodland Trees in Zambia." Biotropica 29, no. 4 (December 1997): 452–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.1997.tb00039.x.

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46

Chidumayo, E. N. "Estimating fuelwood production and yield in regrowth dry miombo woodland in Zambia." Forest Ecology and Management 24, no. 1 (April 1988): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(88)90024-2.

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47

Joseph, Grant S., Colleen L. Seymour, Graeme S. Cumming, Zacheus Mahlangu, and David H. M. Cumming. "Escaping the flames: large termitaria as refugia from fire in miombo woodland." Landscape Ecology 28, no. 8 (May 19, 2013): 1505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-013-9897-6.

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48

Hofiço, Noé dos Santos Ananias Hofiço, Emanuel Arnoni Costa, Frederico Dimas Fleig, and César Augusto Guimarães Finger. "CROWN MORPHOMETRY FOR TWO VALUABLE TIMBER SPECIES FROM MIOMBO WOODLAND IN MOZAMBIQUE." Nativa 9, no. 3 (July 19, 2021): 218–326. http://dx.doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v9i3.12042.

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Pterocarpus angolensis DC and Bobgunnia madagascariensis (Desv.) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema are two hardwood species found in Miombo woodland. Crown size, being closely related to the photosynthetic capacity of a tree, is an important parameter in studies of the growth of individual trees. In this sense, the present study aimed to study the morphometric relationships of P. angolensis and B. madagascariensis as a resource to describe the morphometric features of these species. Data were sampled in 60 rectangular plots of 20 x 50 m, systematically distributed within the forest. In each plot, the diameter at breast height (DBH), height (h), crown insertion point (cih) and four crown radii of all trees with DBH ≥ 10 cm were measured. Results indicated that crown diameter and crown length of P. angolensis grow as DBH and height increase, the larger the crown, the greater the trees dimensions; as for B. madagascariensis, crown features have shown low correlation when considering DBH. It was concluded that crown features influence on tree growth and are important measures of description and planning of silvicultural activities to be performed in natural forests. The results are of interest to forest managers since they make decisions about silvicultural operations. Keywords: crown dimensions; prediction models; umbila; pau-ferro; forest management.

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Guy, Peter R. "The influence of elephants and fire on a Brachystegia-Julbernardia woodland in Zimbabwe." Journal of Tropical Ecology 5, no. 2 (May 1989): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467400003503.

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ABSTRACTBrachystegia-Julbernardia (miombo) woodlands inside and outside the Sengwa Wildlife Research Area, Zimbabwe, show major differences in structure, biomass and species composition. The woodlands inside the research area have a lower stem area, tree density and biomass than those outside it. The shrubs inside the research area occur at a higher density than they do outside it, but the biomasses of shrubs in the two woodlands are similar. The woodlands inside the research area are affected by elephants and fire, whereas those outside it are affected mainly by fire. It is postulated that the policy of maintaining the elephant population at 250 in the research area is having a beneficial effect and, provided elephants and fire are kept in check, the woodlands inside the research area will eventually recover.

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Fujita, Tomohiro. "The woodland tree Brachystegia floribunda facilitates the encroachment of forest tree species into miombo woodlands in northern Malawi." Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment 5, no. 8 (August 31, 2013): 217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/jene2012.0345.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Miombo woodland'

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