Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Miroir déformable'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 26 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Miroir déformable.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Déry, Jean-Philippe. "Miroir liquide déformable à l'aide d'un champ magnétique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25383/25383.pdf.
Full textNaderiyanha, Azadeh. "Caractérisation d'un miroir déformable à ferrofluide à réponse linéaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27497/27497.pdf.
Full textBouffard, Landry Daniel. "Algorithme novateur de contrôle d'un miroir déformable à base de ferrofluide." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29383/29383.pdf.
Full textGasmi, Rami. "Etude et contrôle du comportement dynamique du grand miroir déformable de l'E-ELT." Observatoire de Paris (1667-....), 2010. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01958549.
Full textThis thesis discusses the impact of the dynamical behaviour of the deformable mirror (DM) on the adaptive optics (AO) control loop. The study focuses on the prototype of the large DM of the E-ELT (European Extremely Large Telescope), which first light is planned for 2017. I present here a global approach to apprehend such structures and insert them in the AO loop. The modal parameters of the structure of a 1 m prototype of the deformable mirror are firstly determined through a finite element model and through an experimental modal analysis. The frenquency response of the mirror is then studied in the modal and in the Zernike base. The excitations are defined to simulate the behaviour of the deformable mirror while correcting the turbulent wave fronts. Finally, I present some active and passive ways to control the vibrations of the mirror. The results show that the classical modelling of a deformable mirror in a single input single output way when studying the global adaptative loop behaviour no longer applies when the deformable mirror gets its own dynamics. A multi input multi output model is than necessary to represent these dynamics. The results also show that the control of the vibrations of such structures is possible if we have an accurate model of the dynamical behaviour of the deformable mirror
Robert, Gilles. "Conception, Modélisation, Réalisation et Caractérisation d'un Micro Miroir Actif en Silicium." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA077218.
Full textLiotard, Arnaud. "Micro-miroirs déformables pour l'optique adaptative de prochaine génération : Caractérisation et Simulation." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011313.
Full textDes moyens de modélisation et de caractérisation sont mis en œuvre pour comprendre le comportement de tels composants. Un banc de caractérisation interférométrique est développé afin d'étudier des composants dont les dimensions varient de la dizaine de microns à vingt millimètres. Les mesures de la qualité optique et du comportement électro-mécanique sont menées à bien en travaillant avec l'interférométrie à décalage de phase dont la résolution est inférieure au nanomètre. L'analyse dynamique incluant les modes de vibration et les fréquences de coupure, est effectuée avec l'interférométrie moyennée dans le temps.
Un prototype de micro-miroir déformable a été fabriqué dans une fonderie externe. Celui-ci comporte 9 actionneurs dont la course mesurée est de 350 nm. Cette valeur est trop faible pour générer les déformations dont nous avons besoin. En revanche, l'utilisation pour la première fois du procédé polymère a permis d'élaborer un actionneur permettant une course de 2 microns pour 30 V, confirmant les choix effectués jusqu'ici. Une électronique a été conçue et réalisée afin de rendre linéaire la réponse électrostatique de ces composants. Des simulations préliminaires montrent un bon accord avec les résultats expérimentaux. La conception de micro-miroirs déformables en polymère apparaît donc comme une voie prometteuse.
Laslandes, Marie. "Miroirs actifs de l’espace : Développement de systèmes d’optique active pour les futurs grands observatoires." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4774/document.
Full textThe need for both high quality images and light structures is one of the main driver in the conception of space telescopes. An efficient wave-front control will then become mandatory in the future large observatories, ensuring the optical performance while relaxing the specifications on the global system stability. Consisting in controlling the mirror deformation, active optics techniques can be used to compensate for primary mirror deformation, to allow the use of reconfigurable instruments or to manufacture aspherical mirror with stress polishing. In this manuscript, the conception of active mirrors dedicated to space instrumentation is presented. Firstly, a system compensating for large lightweight mirror deformation in space, is designed and its performance are experimentally demonstrated. With 24 actuators, the MADRAS mirror (Mirror Actively Deformed and Regulated for Applications in Space) will perform an efficient wave-front correction in the telescope's pupil relay. Secondly, a warping harness for the stress polishing of the 39 m European Extremely Large Telescope segments is presented. The performance of the process is predicted and optimized with Finite Element Analysis and the segments mass production is considered. Thirdly, two original concepts of deformable mirrors with a minimum number of actuators have been developed. The Variable Off-Axis parabola (VOALA) is a 3-actuators system and the Correcting Optimized Mirror with a Single Actuator (COMSA) is a 1-actuator system
Planchon, Thomas. "Modélisation des processus liés à l'amplification et à la propagation d'impulsions étirées dans des chaînes laser de très haute densité." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPXX0034.
Full textThetpraphi, Kritsadi. "Development of electroactive polymer actuators for next generation mirror : Live-Mirror." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI058.
Full textWe have developed new and interdisciplinary technology for creating extremely lightweight, diffraction-limited, meta-material-based optical systems with exceptional optical quality and spectacularly lower cost and production time: Live-Mirror. The novelty is to replace classical rigid and heavy optical mirrors with “live” and light dynamic optoelectronic systems consisting of a thin optical glass sheet actively supported by multiple force-actuators/sensors integrated and miniaturized via additive manufacturing and 3D printing. Our breakthrough Live-Mirror features and active shape control with many-degrees-of-freedom force actuators achieved by developing an additive 3D-printing-based technology to apply an optimized electroactive polymer (EAP) systems to a sandwich of thin glass surfaces, thus creating a novel hybrid meta-material with superior stiffness-to-density ratio properties. This thesis describes the development of soft actuators based on modified/doped EAPs, here dubbed terpolymer P(VDF-TrFE-CFE). We will show that this new and Live-Mirror customized terpolymer matrix features an outstanding electromechanical coupling property, particularly when doped with a plasticizer, e.g. diisononyl phthalate (DINP). Here we demonstrate that by optimizing the structured multilayer design, the electromechanical coupling of the modified terpolymer can be enhanced, yielding high dielectric permittivity, low Young modulus, and exceptional dielectric strength. This leads to a large strain response as well as high mechanical energy density under relatively low electric fields according to the electrostriction phenomenon – the main goal of the high-level specifications of Live-Mirror. In addition to a customized terpolymer matrix, the concept of stacked multilayers is demonstrated as a simple and effective technique to boost actuation abilities. Several 3D-printed, proof-of-concept (in the lab) experimental results, which are in good agreement with numerical models, validate the actuator performance with a large electromechanical response. This technology shows feasibility for active optical surface shape control and demonstrates the Live-Mirror optical shape control and correction with only a few degrees-of-freedoms. Such a novel and advanced actuator application via additive manufacturing technology are compliant for ground- and space-based astronomy and communications telescopes as well as many modern electronic devices
Ducrocq, Julien. "Vision catadioptrique pour favoriser la perception d'environnements hétérogènes." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Amiens, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AMIE0067.
Full textThis thesis presents the conception methods of two catadioptric cameras capable of recording usable images of heterogeneous environments. These cameras belong to the adaptive vision field, which gathers the cameras of which the optics or sensor have heterogeneous properties which can vary across time. Adaptive cameras abilities include capturing heterogenous environments which physical or geometrical properties change across space. This thesis proposes a survey of the state of the art on adaptive cameras which are able to capture specific types of heterogenous environments. On the one hand, we consider the scenes characterized by a spatial variation of radiances, with a dynamic range around 120 decibels. These scenes put conventional cameras in difficulty, their images have some pixels saturated and others to dark, because of their low dynamic range. In both casses, these image regions does not carry any visual information about the scene, they are not usable. In order to capture the radiances corresponding to these bright and dark areas, the high dynamic range cameras (HDR) are used. Nonetheless, there is no available HDR panoramic camera yet. Therefore, the first contribution of this thesis is the conception of an HDR panoramic camera in order to improve robots navigation, with only visual perception, in outdoor scenes with various. Mounted on a mobile robot, this camera enlarges the convergence domain and the positioning accuracy of a robot by direct visual servoing, outdoors. On the other hand, we consider the scenes which have a non-uniform level of details across space : some scene elements carry more visual information than the others. To capture such heterogeneous environments, the second contribution of this thesis is an adaptive camera. This camera is based on a new deformable mirror of local curvatures allowing to enlarge or reduce the number of pixels occupied by scene regions in the image. This camera, nicknamed Visadapt, capture multi-résolution images which depend on scene content. From one scene to another, the shape of the mirror may be changed to optimise the resolution of the images captured to this new scene. The surface of the mirror is made of material both reflective and deformable, the mylar, and changes of shape thanks to a grid of linear actuators placed underneath. This mirror, plan as an initial state, is able to change shape to give to the scene regions captured by Visadapt the desired resolution in the image. The characteristics of Visadapt, particularly the dimensions, the materials of its different elements and the actuators pitch, have been defined thanks to a simulation study. A real prototype have been built to respect the parameters defined by the simulation. The experiments shown that this prototype is able to magnify up to four scene regions at once. This thesis ends with a conclusion presenting future works to upgrade the prototypes of the two cameras, in order to enhance their performances and the diversity of images they can capture. Furthermore, this conclusion proposes research tracks to improve even further these two cameras and even adaptive vision in general
Parent, Jocelyn. "Dynamique des miroirs déformables liquides à base de ferrofluides." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25499/25499.pdf.
Full textBrousseau, Denis. "Comportement spatial de miroirs déformables à base de liquide magnétique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25106/25106.pdf.
Full textLaslandes, Marie. "Miroirs actifs de l'espace - Développement de systèmes d'optique active pour les futurs grands observatoires." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00764315.
Full textPatry, Maxime. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'un miroir liquide à base de nanoparticules d'argent." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23338.
Full textPlanchon, Thomas. "Modélisation des processus liés à l'amplification et à la propagation d'impulsions étirées dans des chaînes laser de très haute intensité." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005388.
Full textNous présentons les modèles utilisés, qui prennent en compte la propagation, les effets non linéaires et les effets thermiques se produisant dans les chaînes laser basées sur le principe de l'amplification à dérive de fréquence. Une validation expérimentale de ces modèles a permis de souligner l'importance des aspects spatiaux du laser pour modéliser finement le processus d'amplification.
Nous avons également étudié l'importance, durant la propagation, des aspects spatiaux avec des calculs de propagation après un miroir déformable et montré toutes les précautions nécessaires pour l'utilisation d'une boucle d'optique adaptative. Cette boucle d'optique adaptative est utilisée maintenant de manière journalière pour garantir la qualité de la tache focale du laser 100 TW du LOA.
Nous avons réalisé des études sur les effets spatio-temporels créés dans les systèmes de lentilles. Le retard local et l'élargissement de la durée globale, dus au temps de propagation (PTD) dans un système de lentilles, ont été mesurés. Cette mesure directe de l'élargissement global de la durée temporelle est la première à notre connaissance.
Enfin, le futur laser Pétawatt (LUIRE) du LOA a été dimensionné avec les modèles validés précédemment. Nous pouvons atteindre le régime Pétawatt (30 J, 30 fs) avec un amplificateur multipassage supplémentaire dont les caractéristiques sont présentées.
Fabert, Marc. "Systèmes lasers intégrant des micro-miroirs déformables a base de MEMS optiques." Limoges, 2010. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/e607e2a0-1998-4a20-9e62-9dfe29d634e3/blobholder:0/2010LIMO4039.pdf.
Full textThis work deals with the integration of MEMS (Micro- Electro- Mechanical- System) in fibre laser systems in order to generate short pulses. Q-switching short laser cavities associated with these components produces pulses in the nanosecond regime. These deformable micro-mirrors reached modulation frequencies upper than one megahertz, giving access to mode-locking in fibre laser sources. This new fibre laser system showed MOEMS capability to replace more famous modulators, as acousto-optic or electro-optic ones. They offer a good potential in miniaturization and cost reduction of pulsed fibre laser sources
Divoux, Claire. "Réseaux de microbobines planaires et membranes magnétiques déformables : application à l'optique adaptative." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0105.
Full textDrapeau, Julie. "Axicon conique à angle variable à base de ferrofluide." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27326/27326.pdf.
Full textRochette, Maxime. "Étude de la dynamique du ferrofluide appliquée sur une surface générée par plusieurs actionneurs." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27212.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the dynamic characterization of a surface generated by a ferrofluidic mirror integrated in an adaptive optics bench. It ends a PhD project within the Borra group that has been carried out for the past 4 years. At first there’s going to be a brief overview of adaptive optics in general, followed by a section on control theory. Controller types are discussed, PID and overdrive. The effect of viscosity on the dynamic response of the system is then explained followed by a section on wavefront analysers used. The results section is divided into several sub-sections ordered chronologically. At first, the results obtained through a characterization of a new mirror made of 91 actuators manufactured within the group are discussed. The results with various techniques such as PSD and triggered imaging are explained. There will be a whole section on the speed results depending on the viscosity of the liquid, followed by a section on simulation done with Simulink in order to target the system boundaries. The results bearing on the overdrive controller will then be presented with future projections. The last part will focus on an innovation brought by another group member. We will discuss the deposition of a reflective elastomeric membrane and its effects on system dynamics.
Beaulieu, Mathilde. "Imagerie optique à très haut contraste : une approche instrumentale optimale." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR4040/document.
Full textThis thesis aims to optimize high-contrast imaging performance in visible and near infrared for exoplanet detection. The main study focuses on high-contrast at small separation, to image exoplanets in their habitable zone. This direct detection is achievable with the next Extremely Large Telescopes and with the development of coronagraph providing high performance at small separation. The approach adopted for this study creates a high-contrast region (a dark hole) with the combination of coronagraphy and wavefront shaping (wavefront control of both phase and amplitude with 2 deformable mirrors) but is limited by the Fresnel propagation of phase aberrations. The goal of this work is to define the wavefront shaping limitation in optical configuration (deformable mirrors location, component optical quality, beam diameter). A semi-analytic approach followed by a Monte-Carlo analysis of numerical end-to-end simulations is studied, resulting in the definition of the optimal configuration. Results are then applied to SPEED, a test bench to optimize and test high-contrast imaging at small separation with a segmented pupil. Another aspect of this thesis is a contribution to a stability study to treat the temporal stability as a crucial parameter in high-contrast imaging instrumentation, at the conception level. A preliminary work is initiated during the thesis to analyse the stability of the measuring instrument itself. A metrology tool and its thermal behaviour are thus studied. Finally, the last part of this thesis is a performance analysis of a new differential imaging technique, developed to improve high contrast with observations with different diaphragm sizes
Libbrecht, Christophe. "Contrôleur évolutif et optimisé pour les miroirs déformables ferrofluidiques dans le cadre de l'optique adaptative." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25943.
Full textAdaptive optics is an evolving technology and integrated part of many applications. Its contributions extend from the astronomical imaging to the data transmission in telecommunications domain including the improvement of ophthalmologic diagnostics. Its main asset consists of its deformable mirrors and, thus, its ability to correct a signal degraded by random perturbations. There are many kinds of deformable mirrors. These with a continuous surface and also with several segments. A great variety of methods exists to control the surface geometry: hydraulics, piezoelectric, electrostatic and magnetic systems have been developed in the last years. The most recent creation in adaptive optics is the ferrofluidic mirror. The ferrofluidic mirrors have many advantages. First, their manufacturing cost is very low. Moreover, a simple combination of magnetic fields is required to modify the shape of their surface and can give strong amplitudes of deformation (about millimeter). These mirrors are developed and studied in the COPL laboratory of Université Laval where they are the main target of the actual work. Nowadays the constant increasing number of actuators decrees the development of optimized methods to control deformable mirrors. A captured image or signal can require from some tens to several hundreds of Hertz to be corrected. The calculations must be at their fastest. On other hand, the increasing number of actuators raises a question about what strategy to deploy for getting the best control on the surface of deformable mirrors. Do we use a single controller for all the actuators? Or on the contrary do we need to equip each actuator with a dedicated controller? For any chosen strategy, the most important step is the calibration phase. In adaptive optics, this procedure is quite simple even though it sometimes takes a long time for finding the optimized parameters. What is the best method to calibrate a controller? Is an automatic calibration possible? Can we develop an evolving controller able to adapt to environmental variations without human action. There is some interrogation about the best way to apply th strategy. Can it be more efficient? Are there any limitations? If so, can we solve them? The subject of this document is to answer the previous questions regarding ferrofluidic mirrors. The final purpose of this work is to develop an evolving and optimized controller able to manage systems with several tens as well as several hundreds of actuators and, also, adapt itself to variations of surrounding conditions.
Vassallo, Julien. "Miniaturisation d'actionneurs sur une optique adaptative à base de ferrofluide." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26825/26825.pdf.
Full textFortin, Mathieu. "Les faisceaux optiques avec trajectoire courbée." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27604.
Full textWe propose a strategy to curve the trajectory of the central lobe of a zero order Bessel beam Jo(αr) along its propagation axis. The proposed method involves modifying the phase of the beam incident on an adaptive mirror. We show that the central lobe of the beam can be propagated along parabolic and cubic trajectories while preserving its symmetry. Theoretical simulations were reproduced in laboratory using an adaptive liquid mirror. The parabolic trajectory of the 60-micron central spot of a Jo(αr) beam exhibits a 0.6-mm off axis shift after 30-cm propagation. The versatility of the adaptive liquid mirror allows producing other beam shapes and trajectories. For example, it is possible to split the central lobe of a Bessel beam in two (Y shape); it is also possible to modify the diameter of a tunnel beam during the propagation a higher-order J₁(αr) Bessel beam. Comparison with Airy beams and potential applications in guided-wave optics will be discussed.
"Miroir liquide déformable à l'aide d'un champ magnétique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25383/25383.pdf.
Full textDivoux, Claire. "RESEAUX DE MICROBOBINES PLANAIRES ET MEMBRANES MAGNETIQUES DEFORMABLES APPLICATION A L'OPTIQUE ADAPTATIVE." Phd thesis, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00820215.
Full text"Dynamique des miroirs déformables liquides à base de ferrofluides." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25499/25499.pdf.
Full text