Journal articles: 'Mirrors in architecture'

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Hoffmann, Miklós, Imre Juhász, and Ede Troll. "Caustics of developable surfaces." Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 23, no. 3 (January 29, 2022): 479–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/fitee.2000613.

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AbstractWhile considering a mirror and light rays coming either from a point source or from infinity, the reflected light rays may have an envelope, called a caustic curve. In this paper, we study developable surfaces as mirrors. These caustic surfaces, described in a closed form, are also developable surfaces of the same type as the original mirror surface. We provide efficient, algorithmic computation to find the caustic surface of each of the three types of developable surfaces (cone, cylinder, and tangent surface of a spatial curve). We also provide a potential application of the results in contemporary free-form architecture design.

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Odlum, M. L., A. K. Ault, M. A. Channer, and G. Calzolari. "Seismicity recorded in hematite fault mirrors in the Rio Grande rift." Geosphere 18, no. 1 (November 16, 2021): 241–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02426.1.

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Abstract Exhumed fault rocks provide a textural and chemical record of how fault zone composition and architecture control coseismic temperature rise and earthquake mechanics. We integrated field, microstructural, and hematite (U-Th)/He (He) thermochronometry analyses of exhumed minor (square-centimeter-scale surface area) hematite fault mirrors that crosscut the ca. 1400 Ma Sandia granite in two localities along the eastern flank of the central Rio Grande rift, New Mexico. We used these data to characterize fault slip textures; evaluate relationships among fault zone composition, thickness, and inferred magnitude of friction-generated heat; and document the timing of fault slip. Hematite fault mirrors are collocated with and crosscut specular hematite veins and hematite-cemented cataclasite. Observed fault mirror microstructures reflect fault reactivation and strain localization within the comparatively weaker hematite relative to the granite. The fault mirror volume of some slip surfaces exhibits polygonal, sintered hematite nanoparticles likely created during coseismic temperature rise. Individual fault mirror hematite He dates range from ca. 97 to 5 Ma, and ~80% of dates from fault mirror volume aliquots with high-temperature crystal morphologies are ca. 25–10 Ma. These aliquots have grain-size–dependent closure temperatures of ~75–108 °C. A new mean apatite He date of 13.6 ± 2.6 Ma from the Sandia granite is consistent with prior low-temperature thermochronometry data and reflects rapid, Miocene rift flank exhumation. Comparisons of thermal history models and hematite He data patterns, together with field and microstructural observations, indicate that seismicity along the fault mirrors at ~2–4 km depth was coeval with rift flank exhumation. The prevalence and distribution of high-temperature hematite grain morphologies on different slip surfaces correspond with thinner deforming zones and higher proportions of quartz and feldspar derived from the granite that impacted the bulk strength of the deforming zone. Thus, these exhumed fault mirrors illustrate how evolving fault material properties reflect but also govern coseismic temperature rise and associated dynamic weakening mechanisms on minor faults at the upper end of the seismogenic zone.

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Wang, Jiachen, Zhiping Li, Zhaoxin Zhang, Jian Chen, Chao Li, and Yanan Cheng. "Root Mirror Sites Identification and Service Area Analysis." Electronics 12, no. 7 (April 5, 2023): 1737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12071737.

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The operation of today’s Internet can only be achieved with the domain name system (DNS), and the essential part of the DNS is the root servers. Adding anycast mirrors has been used to maintain the security of root servers, but many problems accompany this technique. In this paper, we used 36198 probe points deployed worldwide to probe 1160 root mirror sites and analyzed the data with root mirrors’ identification and localization (RMIL). RMIL is a method to identify and locate root mirrors. It contains probing and analyzing the network services ID (NSID) and traceroute data to identify and locate root mirror sites. Using this method, 821 (70.78% of the total) sites were accurately identified and located, and city-level localization was achieved for 281 other sites. Finally, the identification results were used in the service area analysis. The analysis contained multiple dimensions: locations, autonomous system numbers (ASN), internet service providers (ISP), and IPV4 prefixes. As such, we helped identify and locate root mirror sites more precisely and discover which ones have a greater service area in different dimensions.

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Larson, Julia Diane. "Design and Social Change: An Architectural History of the University of California, Santa Barbara." American Archivist 84, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 240–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17723/0360-9081-84.2.240.

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ABSTRACT The University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), campus as it stands today appears as an architectural mash-up of midcentury modern institutional buildings, both low rise and high rise; a smattering of World War II–era wooden buildings; 1970s-style double wide trailers; and new science buildings built by a who's who of internationally famous architects. In this case study, the author shows how the UCSB campus's architectural history mirrors the post–World War II boom in educational facilities throughout California and the social, cultural, and architectural history of the region as a whole. The key to discovering this history is archival research, both at the University Archives at the UCSB Library, as well as at the architecture-specific Architecture and Design Collection at the Art, Design & Architecture Museum on campus. In this case study, the author explains how the architectural history can be traced through the archival records to more fully understand the history of the campus.

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Foley, Amy. "Vorticism and Iron: Architectural Dialogue in Faulkner's "Mirrors of Chartres Street"." Mississippi Quarterly 76, no. 1 (2023): 59–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mss.2023.a921511.

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ABSTRACT: William Faulkner shows the objective and subjective world in intimate dialogue throughout his fiction. His pattern of representing bodies in conversation with buildings through movement and perception is integral to his vision of embodied experience. This article demonstrates how Faulkner employs competing romantic and modernist architectures in service of a descriptive ontology and a new theory of architecture. In "Mirrors of Chartres Street," Faulkner offers a new mode of building that rejects the use of property or tools, heroizing the body itself as a means of building and dwelling.

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Vellinga, Marcel. "“How Other Peoples Dwell and Build”." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 78, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 409–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2019.78.4.409.

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In 1953, architect, planner, and historian Erwin Anton Gutkind published a series of articles collectively titled “How Other Peoples Dwell and Build” in Architectural Design. At a glance, the series seems an anomaly in Gutkind's extensive oeuvre, and it remains little known in the field of vernacular architecture. In “How Other Peoples Dwell and Build”: Erwin Anton Gutkind and the Architecture of the Other, Marcel Vellinga aims to place the series within the broader context of Gutkind's writings. Running through Gutkind's work—and underlined in Vellinga's article—is the thesis that the historical development of human settlements mirrors the degenerating relationships between individuals and their communities, and between human beings and the natural environment. Thus, the Architectural Design series is an integral part of Gutkind's writings on the history of urban development. The series is one of the first architectural publications to focus on vernacular traditions from an international perspective and to emphasize the importance of studying vernacular architecture in its larger cultural and environmental contexts.

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Cabezas Garrido, Juan Antonio. "VIAJE, CIENCIA FICCIÓN, ARQUITECTURA. MAPAS, ESTACIONES Y ESPEJOS." Proyecto, Progreso, Arquitectura, no. 3 (2010): 136–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ppa.2010.i3.09.

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Chen, Wang, Maojun Zhang, Yang Chong, and Zhihui Xiong. "Omni-Directional Depth Estimation System with Single-Double Mirrors Architecture." Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics 22, no. 6 (July 1, 2010): 1004–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1089.2010.10851.

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Robert, J., P. Deval, and G. Wegmann. "Novel CMOS pipelined A/D convertor architecture using current mirrors." Electronics Letters 25, no. 11 (May 25, 1989): 691–962. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19890467.

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Ramamurthy, Ravishankar, David J. DeWitt, and Qi Su. "A case for fractured mirrors." VLDB Journal The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases 12, no. 2 (August 1, 2003): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00778-003-0093-1.

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Janas, Krzysztof. "Fuck context, czyli splatając architekturę ze społeczeństwem." Prace Kulturoznawcze 23, no. 4 (December 18, 2019): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0860-6668.23.4.4.

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Fuck context, or interweaving architecture with societyThe majority of architectural studies tends to focus on relationships between architecture and its materiality on the one hand and the society or culture, on the other. In this perspective, buildings and projects, architects and their work can be understood only by placing them within the social context, structures, frames and conditions. Architecture is here and mirrors societal changes and processes, while the explanations are there. Buildings are stable, there is no action, all moves and all flows are outside, behind or hidden and the only thing researchers and designers should do is to unveil them.The ambition of this article is different. Starting from Rem Koolhaas’s well-known phrase — “fuck context” — I argue that the main purpose of studying architecture should not be explaining or interpreting buildings but trying to understand them and to follow, account and examine all human and non-human actors involved in the dynamic architectural network. This is why I propose to apply the Action-Network Theory as a new method of studying and analyzing architecture in the humanities and social sciences but also in architecture theory. If we pay attention to details, to actors and their actions as much as it is possible, to their associations and connections, to what buildings do rather than what they mean, a new and richer version of architecture will appear. And there will be no place, no necessity for context.

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Tlelo-Cuautle, E., C. Sánchez-López, E. Martínez-Romero, and Sheldon X. D. Tan. "Symbolic analysis of analog circuits containing voltage mirrors and current mirrors." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 65, no. 1 (February 4, 2010): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-010-9455-y.

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Hart, Justin, and Brian Scassellati. "Mirror Perspective-Taking with a Humanoid Robot." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 26, no. 1 (September 20, 2021): 1990–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v26i1.8389.

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The ability to use a mirror as an instrument for spatial reasoning enables an agent to make meaningful inferences about the positions of objects in space based on the appearance of their reflections in mirrors. The model presented in this paper enables a robot to infer the perspective from which objects reflected in a mirror appear to be observed, allowing the robot to use this perspective as a virtual camera. Prior work by our group presented an architecture through which a robot learns the spatial relationship between its body and visual sense, mimicking an early form of self-knowledge in which infants learn about their bodies and senses through their interactions with each other. In this work, this self-knowledge is utilized in order to determine the mirror's perspective. Witnessing the position of its end-effector in a mirror in several distinct poses, the robot determines a perspective that is consistent with these observations. The system is evaluated by measuring how well the robot's predictions of its end-effector's position in 3D, relative to the robot's egocentric coordinate system, and in 2D, as projected onto it's cameras, match measurements of a marker tracked by its stereo vision system. Reconstructions of the 3D position end-effector, as computed from the perspective of the mirror, are found to agree with the forward kinematic model within a mean of 31.55mm. When observed directly by the robot's cameras, reconstructions agree within 5.12mm. Predictions of the 2D position of the end-effector in the visual field agree with visual measurements within a mean of 18.47 pixels, when observed in the mirror, or 5.66 pixels, when observed directly by the robot's cameras.

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Mendoza-Figueroa, Virginia, and Jesús de la Cruz-Alejo. "Michelson Interferometer for near Infrared Wavelengths." Advanced Materials Research 677 (March 2013): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.677.79.

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This paper presents an architecture to simplify a Michelson Interferometer, designed with MEMS technology in order to obtain the near infrared wavelengths in the range of [1620-1800 nm], which will be used in a non-invasive micro sensor of glucose. The input interferometer is fed with a white light source. The poli-silicon, superficial and bulk processes are utilized to design the architecture. The interferometer is based on dividing the design into three parts formed by two gears, a zipper and two mirrors at 90° each of one, for achieving resolution improvement without decreasing mechanical resistance of the parts. Each part is modeled mathematically and their behavior is verified using different analysis in-SolidWorksTM. On the other hand, the beamsplitter of the Michelson Interferometer is placed at 45° with respect to mirrors. The simulation results demonstrate the validity of the behavior of interferometer proposed.

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He, Ruozhen, Jiaying Lin, and Rynson W.H. Lau. "Efficient Mirror Detection via Multi-Level Heterogeneous Learning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 37, no. 1 (June 26, 2023): 790–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i1.25157.

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We present HetNet (Multi-level Heterogeneous Network), a highly efficient mirror detection network. Current mirror detection methods focus more on performance than efficiency, limiting the real-time applications (such as drones). Their lack of efficiency is aroused by the common design of adopting homogeneous modules at different levels, which ignores the difference between different levels of features. In contrast, HetNet detects potential mirror regions initially through low-level understandings (e.g., intensity contrasts) and then combines with high-level understandings (contextual discontinuity for instance) to finalize the predictions. To perform accurate yet efficient mirror detection, HetNet follows an effective architecture that obtains specific information at different stages to detect mirrors. We further propose a multi-orientation intensity-based contrasted module (MIC) and a reflection semantic logical module (RSL), equipped on HetNet, to predict potential mirror regions by low-level understandings and analyze semantic logic in scenarios by high-level understandings, respectively. Compared to the state-of-the-art method, HetNet runs 664% faster and draws an average performance gain of 8.9% on MAE, 3.1% on IoU, and 2.0% on F-measure on two mirror detection benchmarks. The code is available at https://github.com/Catherine-R-He/HetNet.

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Al-Murahhem, Faredah Mohsen. "Makkah: City of self-identity and inspiration." Art, Design & Communication in Higher Education 20, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 7–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/adch_00027_1.

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This study highlights the duty of individuals and the community, rather than organizations, to preserve a city’s heritage and identity. It underlines important facts about Makkah as one of the world’s major historical and religious cities. The analysis reflects upon an academic journey to appreciate and conserve the city’s identity. It is a story of ‘Being Inspired and Being an Inspiration’ through education. On the one hand, ‘Being Inspired’ stresses a personal understanding of preserving the identity of Makkah and its architectural heritage. It is a narrative of the female view and experience through culture, architecture and art. Diversely, ‘Being an Inspiration’ is demonstrated via academic case studies and chronological documentation that mirrors historical stages of the city. It is a pioneering piece about the female experience, documenting the story of one of the first female graduates of architecture in Saudi, and the outcomes of teaching and identity in higher education.

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Schoettler, Nathan, and Carole Ober. "Genetic architecture of moderate-to-severe asthma mirrors that of mild asthma." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 144, no. 6 (December 2019): 1521–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2019.09.003.

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Rolf, Malte. "A Hall of Mirrors: Sovietizing Culture under Stalinism." Slavic Review 68, no. 3 (2009): 601–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0037677900019768.

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This article explores how culture in the USSR became “Soviet.” Malte Rolf describes how different fields of communication and cultural production generated criteria that could be used to attach the label “Soviet” to all features of culture. Sovietizing culture was a work in progress, and various institutions, agencies, and experts actively participated in defining an adequate “Soviet style.” Focusing on this interplay of agencies and taking mass festivals as an example, Rolf portrays the dynamics of a growing selfreferentiality within Soviet culture in the 1930s in such cultural spheres as architecture, city planning, and mass celebrations. Under Stalinism, canonized “Soviet” standards also set the agenda for everyday communications. By reproducing an officially privileged agenda, participants in these daily communications encouraged a cultural inner Sovietization during the prewar decade. This article explores how and why the cultural canon of a closed system of “Soviet” references made its way so smoothly into die microstructures of society.

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SELLAMI, L., S. K. SINGH, R. W. NEWCOMB, A. RASMUSSEN, and M. E. ZAGHLOUL. "VLSI FLOATING RESISTORS FOR NEURAL TYPE CELL ARRAYS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 08, no. 05n06 (October 1998): 559–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126698000353.

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Two novel CMOS circuit designs implementing floating resistors are introduced, using the structure of a two-transistor CMOS bilateral linear resistor in the first configuration and two two-transistor CMOS bilateral linear resistors and cascode current mirrors in the second configuration. Linearity is achieved through nonlinearity cancellation via current mirrors over an applied range of ±5V. PSpice simulation results using parameters of MOSIS transistors are presented to verify the theory. These floating resistors can be used for coupling weights in VLSI neural-type cell arrays.

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Durbha, Chandrika, Jaime Ramírez-Angulo, Ramón G. Carvajal, and Antonio J. López-Martín. "Novel Architectures of Class AB CMOS Mirrors with Programmable Gain." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 42, no. 2 (January 2005): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-005-5755-z.

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Berg, Yngvar, and Omid Mirmotahari. "Ultra low-voltage CMOS current mirrors." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 68, no. 2 (February 23, 2011): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-011-9607-8.

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Wu, Xiu Ting, Xiao Feng Yin, Xiao Hua Wu, and Qi Chang Yang. "Modeling and Simulation of an Automotive Body Electronic Control System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (January 2013): 1754–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.1754.

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To simplify the wiring harness of automotive body control system, the functional requirements of automotive door locks, window lifters, rearview mirrors, trunk lock, and lights were analyzed, and an architecture of automotive body electronic control system was put forward based on CAN bus technology. The application layer protocol referring SAE J1939 protocol specification was defined. And the door lock system was modeled and simulated as an example by using CANoe. The simulation results show that the proposed architecture of automotive body electronic control system works well, and the reliability of automotive body control system can be improved and the automotive weight and cost can be reduced.

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Pan, Zhigeng. "Editorial." Metaverse 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.54517/m.v3i1.1868.

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The metaverse has been described as the third Internet revolution, a virtual society and social network that mirrors real scenarios through a decentralized architecture. It is a new future form of the Internet that integrates various new technologies, and its combination with the education field has great potential. In the post-epidemic era, the shape of education has undergone significant changes, evolving continuously towards large-scale, digital, virtualized and intelligent.

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Pan, Zhigeng. "Editorial." Metaverse 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.54517/met.v3i1.1868.

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The metaverse has been described as the third Internet revolution, a virtual society and social network that mirrors real scenarios through a decentralized architecture. It is a new future form of the Internet that integrates various new technologies, and its combination with the education field has great potential. In the post-epidemic era, the shape of education has undergone significant changes, evolving continuously towards large-scale, digital, virtualized and intelligent.

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KATSALOULIS, P., J. HIZANIDIS, D. A. VERGANELAKIS, and A. PROVATA. "COMPLEXITY MEASURES AND NOISE EFFECTS ON DIFFUSION MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE NEURON AXONS NETWORK IN THE HUMAN BRAIN." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 11, no. 04 (December 2012): 1250032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477512500320.

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Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI) is a novel technique that mirrors the complex architecture of the neuron axons fiber networks in the human brain. Based on the dMRI scans, fractal dimensions (Box Counting and Multifractal Dimensions) are used to quantify the complexity of the neuron axons networks. The values of the fractal dimensions are calculated as a function of the intensity threshold τ in an effort to remove the effects of stochastic noise, always present in the molecular diffusion of water in the brain. It is shown that intermediate values of the noise threshold τ are better for estimating the complexity of the neuron network architecture, because for small τ the presence of stochastic noise often masks the underlying structure, while for τ > 0.6 important parts of the axon network structure are ignored. Calculations of the multifractal dimensions in healthy brains as a function of τ, give consistent scaling results in the medium intensity thresholds, where the neuron axons activity is better discerned. In these intermediate τ scales, deviations are recorded in the multifractal spectra of pathological brains, which indicate damaged network architectures.

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Oleksiy Penkov, Mingfeng Li, Oleksiy Penkov, Mingfeng Li, and Pengyuan Wu, Jiong Jin Pengyuan Wu, Jiong Jin. "DESIGN OF CONTROL SYSTEM FOR MANUFACTURING OF PERIODICAL MULTILAYER X-RAY MIRRORS." PIRETC-Proceeding of The International Research Education & Training Centre 27, no. 06 (August 25, 2023): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/piretc27062023-162.

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Periodical multilayer mirrors (PMMs) are coatings used in various industrial and scientific applications for the manipulation of X-Rays. PPMs consist of periodically repeated stacks; every stack comprises nanolayers of several different materials. The number of stacks may vary from 50 to 500. Manufacturing such coatings, consisting of hundreds of nanolayers, needs precise sputtering deposition systems. A deposition system must provide a stable deposition rate and accurate deposition time control. This paper developed a new process control system to satisfy these requirements. Before running the deposition process, the final script is saved automatically to a backup folder; the file name is created automatically and includes the date and time that is why every deposition can be repeated with the same parameters. Multithreading and precise microcontrollers allowed real-time management of the deposition process and increased user interface responsiveness. System architecture and hardware structure schemes for robust PMMs manufacturing were designed. Corresponding operator software having custom script language was developed to provide flexibility and simplicity of operation. The architecture of the software allowed high responsiveness of the user interfaces. The system was tested to verify the reliability of the deposition process and the high quality of PMMs. Keywords: Process control, vacuum, sputtering, automation, SCADA, user interface.

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Jóźwik, Renata, and Anna Jóźwik. "Landscape Projection and Its Technological Use in Conceptualising Places and Architecture." Arts 11, no. 4 (June 27, 2022): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts11040067.

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The manipulation of landscape and the technological use of its views can be a strategy for place-making and a way of creating architecture and making it original. The methods used for this can be different, for example, by mechanically revealing and obscuring views, optical or film projection, directing the viewer to specific frames, using mirrors, etc. This approach is alternative and somewhat in opposition to the natural incorporation of the object into the landscape. In modernism, different architectural views of the surroundings were tested and used differently. These experiences are now transposed to contemporary architectural objects thanks to technological developments and the scenographic shaping of space. The article refers to the sources of transferring landscape views in popular dioramas and the effects of the development of photography, cinematography, and IT media. It describes the possible consequences of perceiving such a created landscape and more general—the world. An example of such a means of expression being fully and consciously taken is the now-defunct Charles de Beistegui Paris apartment. It was designed by Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret in 1929–1931. The apartment was selected for analysing as a case study and confronted with contemporary realisations that use various creative techniques involving the landscape.

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Gupta, Maneesha, Prashant Aggarwal, Pritender Singh, and Naveen Kumar Jindal. "Low voltage current mirrors with enhanced bandwidth." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 59, no. 1 (December 4, 2008): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-008-9241-2.

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Foote, Hamish, Marama Haines-Te Whare, and Pip Newman. "Embedding Mātauranga Māori in Architectural Education." Asylum 2 (December 31, 2023): 316–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/aslm.2023205.

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The School of Architecture at Unitec | Te Pūkenga has developed a te reo Māori kuputaka (glossary). This resource is included in the first-year Bachelor of Architectural Studies content to help embed mātauranga Māori in pedagogy. The initiative reflects the determination on the part of Te Whare Wānanga o Wairaka Unitec | Te Pūkenga and the School of Architecture to honour te Tiriti o Waitangi (the Treaty of Waitangi) and meet programme aims. This bicultural approach mirrors professional practice: in Ōtautahi Christchurch, after the 2011 earthquake, Indigenous sustainable practices were successfully integrated during the rebuild in collaboration with Ngāi Tahu and local hapū Ngāi Tūāhuriri; in Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland, Te Aranga Māori Design Principles recognise the authority of mana whenua and ensure Indigenous values are incorporated in the design of the built environment. Frameworks for the integration of te ao Māori sustainable values into Building Information Modelling (BIM) data are currently being developed to become a nationwide resource expanding and enriching the New Zealand BIM Handbook. Including specific architectural vocabulary in te reo Māori sensitises all involved in the course to the interaction and layering of languages. The poetic and resonant qualities of te reo equivalents of English terms enrich the discussion of a more existential significance of architecture’s concepts, components and acts. Cases in point are ‘āputa whai take’ – ‘purposeful gap/space’; ‘nōhanga hāneanea’ – ‘comfortable habitat/ergonomics’; and ‘whare kiato’ – ‘compact house/tiny home’. This additional layer of meaning reflects our bicultural circumstances. In addition, the kuputaka introduces tikanga Māori in terms such as ‘tapu’ – ‘sacred, set apart’ – and ‘noa’ – ‘common, ordinary’ – as well as ‘iwi’, hapū’ and other essential components of te ao Māori.Introducing mātauranga Māori and a te reo Māori kuputaka creates foundations that successive years of architectural study can build on – this provides our graduates with essential skills and the instruments to engage effectively within professional practice and to shape our environment.

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Goth, Greg. "Faster than Smoke? More Blinding than Mirrors?" IEEE Distributed Systems Online 8, no. 7 (July 2007): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mdso.2007.42.

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Liu, Yuzhe, Libo Chen, Yusu Xu, and Jingqiu Yang. "Exhibition Space Circulation in Museums from the Perspective of Pedestrian Simulation." Buildings 14, no. 3 (March 21, 2024): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14030847.

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Contemporary studies largely concentrate on the physical aspects of architecture, yet within the sphere of design, the gap between user experience and the designer’s intention is an undeniable fact. This gap, illustrating the contrast between the spatial perception and the actual physical space, to some degree, mirrors preferences in human spatial behavior. It accentuates the complex relationship between human cognitive functions and spatial layout, underlining the critical role of spatial perception in architectural design and planning. This prompts the question of whether perceptions of internal traffic flow within buildings also suffer from spatial distortions. Focusing on museums, and by examining circulation paths and spatial features, a virtual museum model is devised. The research employs a holistic and reductionist approach (complex systems theory) to forge a link between circulation components and the spatial experience of architecture. Utilizing agent-based modeling tools for simulating pedestrian movements, it investigates how different circulation patterns and spatial relationships influence pedestrian behavior. The study proposes a museum circulation optimization strategy, grounded in quantifying spatial experience through Anylogic software analysis. This strategy is aimed at enhancing the design of internal traffic flows in future museum projects, offering fresh insights into museum design research, and probing into new possibilities for using pedestrian simulation software.

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Joo, Won-Jae, Jisoo Kyoung, Majid Esfandyarpour, Sung-Hoon Lee, Hyun Koo, Sunjin Song, Young-Nam Kwon, et al. "Metasurface-driven OLED displays beyond 10,000 pixels per inch." Science 370, no. 6515 (October 22, 2020): 459–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abc8530.

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Optical metasurfaces are starting to find their way into integrated devices, where they can enhance and control the emission, modulation, dynamic shaping, and detection of light waves. In this study, we show that the architecture of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays can be completely reenvisioned through the introduction of nanopatterned metasurface mirrors. In the resulting meta-OLED displays, different metasurface patterns define red, green, and blue pixels and ensure optimized extraction of these colors from organic, white light emitters. This new architecture facilitates the creation of devices at the ultrahigh pixel densities (>10,000 pixels per inch) required in emerging display applications (for instance, augmented reality) that use scalable nanoimprint lithography. The fabricated pixels also offer twice the luminescence efficiency and superior color purity relative to standard color-filtered white OLEDs.

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Molina, Y., R. M. Harris, and S. O'Donnell. "Brain organization mirrors caste differences, colony founding and nest architecture in paper wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 276, no. 1671 (June 24, 2009): 3345–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2009.0817.

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Laoudias, Costas, and Costas Psychalinos. "Universal biquad filters using low-voltage current mirrors." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 65, no. 1 (March 17, 2010): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-010-9462-z.

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Younès, Chris. "Architecture and philosophy: Paradoxes and metamorphoses of their meeting." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 5, no. 3 (2013): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1301039y.

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It is well known that Jacques Derrida emphasized the idea of an essential cohabitation between philosophy and architecture, declaring: "The Collège international de philosophie should provide the place for a meeting (rencontre), a thinking meeting, between philosophy and architecture. Not in order to finally have them confront each other, but to think what has always maintained them together in the most essential of cohabitations." This paper addresses in particular a hypothesis about the metamorphoses of this meeting that, from unity of architectonics and principles, becomes multiple and of another nature. So there is a reevaluation in terms of limits and passages; in other words, in terms of opening up. The first meeting can be considered as a metaphorical game of mirrors in which each presents itself as prevailing over the other forms of knowledge - one as the science of theory, the other as a science of techniques. This ordered and oriented posturing will collapse at the same time as the disappearance of a finite cosmos. In this dissolution, architecture and philosophy have recomposed themselves to deal with the space and time of inhabited milieus that affect not only the constitution of the gaze, but also a transformation of the world. It is examined how their interface is a heuristic structure of questioning.

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Brosinsky, Christoph, Rainer Krebs, and Dirk Westermann. "Embedded Digital Twins in future energy management systems: paving the way for automated grid control." at - Automatisierungstechnik 68, no. 9 (September 25, 2020): 750–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auto-2020-0086.

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AbstractEmerging real-time applications in information technology, and operational technology enable new innovative concepts to design and operate cyber-physical systems. A promising approach, which has been discovered recently as key technology by several industries is the Digital Twin (DT) concept. A DT connects the virtual representation of a physical object, system or process by available information and sensor data streams, which allows to gather new information about the system it mirrors by applying analytic functions. Thereby the DT technology can help to fill sensor data gaps, e. g., to support anomaly detection, and to predict future operating conditions and system states. This paper discusses a dynamic power system DT as a cornerstone instance of a new generation of EMS, and a prospective new EMS architecture, to support the increasingly complex operation of electric power systems. Unlike in traditional offline power system models, the parameters are updated dynamically using measurement information from the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) and a wide area monitoring system (WAMS) to tune the model. This allows to derive a highly accurate virtual representation of the mirrored physical objects. A simulation engine, the Digital Dynamic Mirror (DDM) is introduced, in order to be able to reproduce the state of a reference network in real-time. The validation of the approach is carried out by a case study. In a closed loop within EMS applications, the DDM can help to assess contingency mitigation strategies, thus it can support the decision-making process under variable system conditions. The next generation of control centre Energy Management System (EMS) can benefit from this development by augmentation of the dynamic observability, and the rise of operator situation awareness.

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Moffitt, Lisa. "Victor and Aladár Olgyay’s thermoheliodon: controlling climate to reduce climate control." Architectural Research Quarterly 23, no. 3 (September 2019): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135519000319.

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Architectural models are reductive representations. Traits included or excluded from a model reflect designer intent as well as broader values held at the time of their construction. As such, models are reflective, acting as cultural mirrors of both conscious and unconscious priorities at the time of their construction. Models are also projective, offering new conceptions and interpretations about the subjects of their representations. Italo Calvino’s character Mr. Palomar reflects on the dialogic relationship between a model and reality.

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SCHERER, A., J. O’BRIEN, G. ALMOGY, W. H. XU, A. YARIV, J. L. JEWELL, K. UOMI, B. J. YOO, and R. J. BHAT. "VERTICAL CAVITY SURFACE EMITTING LASERS WITH DIELECTRIC MIRRORS." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 05, no. 04 (December 1994): 543–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012915649400022x.

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We have developed new low threshold surface emitting laser designs with dielectric high reflectivity top mirrors. Here, we describe the characteristics of these surface emitting vertical cavity lasers (VCSELs) which exhibit stable mode patterns and low threshold currents. The new device fabrication sequence which we employ is able to adjust the emission wavelength of the lasers during the final fabrication step and allow the development of stable multi-wavelength laser arrays. These quantum-well based laser diodes are demonstrated at 0.72 μm with threshold currents of 20 mA, at 0.85 μm with threshold currents of 3 mA, at 0.98 μm with threshold currents of 4 mA, and at 1.55 μm with threshold currents of 17 mA. Our VCSELs also display remarkably low threshold voltages, thus minimizing the laser power dissipation and improving the wallplug efficiency. The flexibility resulting from depositing one or both of the mirrors after the fabrication of the laser diodes opens the way to the development of new and more versatile laser structures.

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Jiang, Wei, Shigeki Sugimoto, and Masatoshi Okutomi. "Omnidirectional 3D reconstruction using rotating camera with mirrors." Systems and Computers in Japan 38, no. 4 (2007): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scj.20606.

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Гарин, V. Garin, Разиньков, Egor Razinkov, Чернышев, and Aleksandr Chernyshev. "History of furniture in the rococo style." Forestry Engineering Journal 4, no. 3 (December 8, 2014): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/6287.

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History of furniture in the rococo style The architecture in this period finally loses all signs of monumentality and tectonics of form: there is no longer division by carrying and carried. Walls and ceilings are made into decorative planes dissected by various panels with a frame. Ornamental forms are asymmetric and always curvilinear; without being subject to any rules, they cover almost entirely the surface of walls and ceilings. The very walls, wood-paneled, are crumbled in choicest light blue, light green, pink and white colors, set off by a gilded ornamentation and hanged on with lots of mirrors in the lush frames.

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Tsai, Yu-Kuan, Zheng-Xiang Liao, Yu-Xiang Lin, H. S. Chen, Jack Jia-Sheng Huang, Pei-Hsun Wang, Chia-Chien Wei, You-Chia Chang, Yung Hung, and Jin-Wei Shi. "Linearization of wavelength sweeping lasers for the construction of 4-D FMCW LiDAR images of slow-moving objects using baseband beat note signals." Optics Express 32, no. 11 (May 17, 2024): 20401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.524443.

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A FMCW LiDAR system of both the distributed feedback laser and external cavity laser is established in baseband beat notes, rather than up-conversion to an intermediate frequency to exclude flicker noise. Meanwhile, utilizing fast-scanning MEMS mirrors, high-quality real-time (1 fps) 4-D images of the slow-moving object (10 mm/s) can be directly constructed at the baseband with a central frequency as low as 100 kHz and a small Doppler shift. The proposed LiDAR architecture based on such a low-frequency baseband significantly improves the optical power budget on the transmitter side and eliminates the costly high-speed sampling circuits on the receiver side.

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Souza, Gabriel A. F., Rodrigo B. Santos, Paloma M. S. Rocha Rizol, Duarte L. Oliveira, and Lester A. Faria. "A novel fully-programmable analog fuzzifier architecture for interval type-2 fuzzy controllers using current steering mirrors." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 34, no. 1 (January 12, 2018): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-171118.

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Welsh, Ian C., Hojoong Kwak, Frances L. Chen, Melissa Werner, Lindsay S. Shopland, Charles G. Danko, John T. Lis, Min Zhang, James F. Martin, and Natasza A. Kurpios. "Chromatin Architecture of the Pitx2 Locus Requires CTCF- and Pitx2-Dependent Asymmetry that Mirrors Embryonic Gut Laterality." Cell Reports 13, no. 2 (October 2015): 337–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.075.

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Siregar, Yulianta, Mai Kai Suan Tial, Yopi Fernando Soarez Purba, Suherman Suherman, and Soeharwinto Soeharwinto. "Design of solar cell using mirror, cooling, double axis, and solar tracking." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 28, no. 3 (October 7, 2022): 1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v28.i3.pp1297-1308.

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Fossil energy sources are dwindling. It is necessary to develop alternative energy sources for future energy. The solar cell is an alternative energy that can be used in Indonesia. The current challenge is utilizing solar panels for the best possible power production. This research gives the solution to design an increase in solar cell output power by using mirrors, cooling, and a double-axis solar tracking control system. The results show that using a mirror, cooling, and double-axis solar tracking produces optimal output power with a current and power are 2.43 amperes and 40.3 watts, respectively. Meanwhile, several factors can affect this solar panel's efficiency. Specifically, the amount of solar radiation that the solar panel can receive depends on the climate on the day and location of the research and the solar panel's dimensions.

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Della Sala, Riccardo, Francesco Centurelli, Giuseppe Scotti, Pasquale Tommasino, and Alessandro Trifiletti. "A Differential-to-Single-Ended Converter Based on Enhanced Body-Driven Current Mirrors Targeting Ultra-Low-Voltage OTAs." Electronics 11, no. 23 (November 22, 2022): 3838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11233838.

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In this work, an ultra-low-voltage (ULV) technique to improve body-driven current mirrors is proposed. The proposed technique is employed to improve the performance of conventional differential-to-single-ended (D2S) converters which at these low voltages suffer from a low common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). In addition, the technique aims to improve the performance of the conventional D2S also under a large signal swing and with respect to the process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations, resulting in a very low distortion, high current mirror accuracy and robust performance. An enhanced body-driven current mirror was designed in a 130nm CMOS technology from STMicroelectronics and an exhaustive campaign of simulations was conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the strategy and the robustness of the results. The enhanced D2S was also employed to design a ULV operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) and a comparison with an OTA based on a conventional D2S was provided. The simulation results have shown that the proposed enhanced D2S allows achieving the ULV OTAs with a CMRR and a PSRR which are 18 and 9 dB higher than the ones obtained with the conventional D2S topology, respectively. Moreover, the linearity performance is also improved as shown by the THD, whose value is decreased of about 5 dB.

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Avni, Ofir, Tomer Baum, Gadi Katzir, and Ehud Rivlin. "Recovery of 3D animal motions using cameras and mirrors." Machine Vision and Applications 21, no. 6 (September 17, 2009): 879–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00138-009-0226-7.

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Agui, Takeshi, Tomohito Saito, and Masayuki Nakajima. "3âD Object Data Input System Using Rearview Mirrors." Systems and Computers in Japan 19, no. 4 (1988): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scj.4690190409.

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Martinez, P., M. Beaulieu, L. Abe, P. Baudoz, C. Gouvret, A. Spang, and A. Marcotto. "High contrast at small separation – III. Impact on the dark hole of MEMS deformable mirror control electronics." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 532, no. 2 (July 5, 2024): 2892–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stae1677.

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ABSTRACT The creation of a dark hole (DH) region in the science image for exoplanet direct detection depends on deformable mirrors (DMs), where the imperfect control of DM limits the achievable contrast. The mirror surface height resolution is set by the DM drive electronics, and the quantization errors in DM impact the contrast in the DH. Consequently, determining the optimal voltage value for the flattening map of DM is essential, as it involves balancing dynamic and accuracy considerations. We conduct a numerical study to examine the impact of these parameters on microelectromechanical DM within the high-contrast field of view of several DHs with various characteristics and optical configurations. Our analysis includes an exploration of their influence on both small and moderate angular separations. We compare our numerical results with a formula available in the literature that aims to capture the dependence of contrast on DM quantization errors. We show that the formula accuracy to predict the contrast limit when the DM deflection curves follow the as-manufactured quadratic power law is dependent on the DM flattening map voltage domain, regardless of DH size and angular separations. Further these results appear to be insensitive to factors such as actuator number, coronagraph type, set-up architecture, and science objective (small or moderate angular separations). We provide guidelines for determining the optimal voltage for the DM flattening map, discuss the domain validity of the formula used to predict DM quantization errors on the contrast, and provide insights into balancing DM actuator density and mirror surface height resolution.

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Levine, Neil. "The Template of Photography in Nineteenth-century Architectural Representation." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 71, no. 3 (September 1, 2012): 306–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2012.71.3.306.

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For the only perspectival view of the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève he drew for publication in a professional magazine, Henri Labrouste traced a photograph commissioned for that purpose. Taken in 1852 by the Bisson Frères, the image is very likely the first commissioned photograph of a contemporary building as well as the firm’s first architectural photograph. This use of photography as a template in the architectural representation of a contemporary building predates by almost twenty years what later became common practice. Labrouste’s deployment of a mechanical interface in drawing mirrors his use of exposed iron in the building itself and carries with it many of the same implications regarding the search for a modern, realistic, and industrialized form of expression. In The Template of Photography in Nineteenth-century Architectural Representation, Neil Levine marshals histories of the book and of photography to help explain the context in which Labrouste developed this idea.

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Guan, Xiaotong, Jiayi Zhang, Wenjie Fu, Dun Lu, Tongbin Yang, Yang Yan, and Xuesong Yuan. "Frequency Tuning Characteristics of a High-Power Sub-THz Gyrotron with Quasi-Optical Cavity." Electronics 10, no. 5 (February 24, 2021): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10050526.

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Motivated by some emerging high-frequency applications, a high-power frequency-tunable sub-THz quasi-optical gyrotron cavity based on a confocal waveguide is designed in this paper. The frequency tuning characteristics of different approaches, including magnetic field tuning, mirror separation adjustment, and hybrid tuning, have been investigated by particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. Results predict that it is possible to realize a smooth continuous frequency tuning band with an extraordinarily broad bandwidth of 41.55 GHz, corresponding to a relative bandwidth of 18.7% to the center frequency of 0.22 THz. The frequency tunability is provided by varying the separation distance between two mirrors and correspondingly adjusting the external magnetic field. During the frequency tuning, the output power remains higher than 20 kW, which corresponds to an interaction efficiency of 10%. Providing great advantages in terms of broad bandwidth, smooth tuning, and high power, this research may be conducive to the development of high-power frequency-tunable THz gyrotron oscillators.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mirrors in architecture'

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