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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Missing perons

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Academic literature on the topic 'Missing perons'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Missing perons"

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Postlethwaite, Diana. "Missing Persons." Yale Review 89, no. 2 (June 28, 2008): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0044-0124.00514.

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Blau, Soren, Anthony Hill, Christopher A. Briggs, and Stephen M. Cordner. "Missing Persons-Missing Data: The Need to Collect Antemortem Dental Records of Missing Persons." Journal of Forensic Sciences 51, no. 2 (March 2006): 386–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00051.x.

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Clarke, Julie. "Missing: Persons and Politics." Journal of Social Inclusion 5, no. 2 (December 15, 2014): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.36251/josi.79.

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Huttunen, Laura. "Liminality and Missing Persons." Conflict and Society 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 201–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arcs.2016.020117.

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In many armed conflicts, forced disappearances and hiding the bodies of victims of mass atrocities are used strategically. This article argues that disappearances are powerful weapons, as their consequences reach from the most intimate relations to the formation of political communities. Consequently, political projects of forced disappearances leave difficult legacies for post-conflict reconciliation, and they give rise to a need to address individuals’ and families’ needs as well as relations between national and political groups implicated in the conflict. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this articles explores the question of missing persons in post-1992 Bosnia. The processes of identification and practices of remembering and commemorating the missing are analyzed through the concept of liminality. The article argues that the future-oriented temporality of liminality gives rise to numerous practices of encountering the enigma of the missing, while the political atmosphere of postwar Bosnia restricts possibilities of communitas-type relationality across ethnonational differences.

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Tayal, U. "Missing and unidentified persons." BMJ 327, no. 7410 (August 9, 2003): 348—a—348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7410.348-a.

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Clarke, Julie. "Missing: Persons and Politics." Journal of Social Inclusion 5, no. 2 (December 15, 2014): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36251/josi79.

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This manuscript is a review of the book Missing: Persons and Politics by Jenny Edkins and published by Cornell University Press in 2011. It draws on two earlier reviews in providing an overview of the Edkins contribution to an area of research notable by the paucity of attention paid to it by scholars’ worldwide.Note: As this was read on an e-reader, no page references are possible for quotations.

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Yardley, Krysia M. "Psychotherapy process and research: Missing persons and missing values." Counselling Psychology Quarterly 3, no. 1 (January 1990): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09515079008254232.

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Baxter, Gail. "Hidden Hands and Missing Persons." TEXTILE 18, no. 1 (September 16, 2019): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14759756.2019.1646498.

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da Silva, Luiz Antonio F., Wilkson Vilaça, Dalmo Azevedo, Geraldo Majella, Iede F. Silva, and Benisio F. Silva. "Missing and unidentified persons database." Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2, no. 1 (December 2009): 255–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsigss.2009.08.090.

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Kiepal, Laura Christine, Peter J. Carrington, and Myrna Dawson. "Missing persons and social exclusion." Canadian Journal of Sociology 37, no. 2 (March 21, 2012): 137–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjs10114.

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Abstract The concept of social exclusion is used to explore the relationship between people and groups who are socially and economically disadvantaged and the phenomenon of going missing. Police data about missing persons are compared to census data to determine whether groups who experience family dissolution, labour market exclusion, and other forms of disadvantage and social exclusion are overrepresented among missing persons compared to the general population. The analysis shows that disadvantaged youth, women, Aboriginal people, people who are not in the labour force, unemployed people, and homeless people are all overrepresented among missing persons. People occupying the intersections of multiple high risk categories are at particularly high risk of going missing. Linking missing persons with the concept of social exclusion shows that social and economic disadvantage lead directly and indirectly to peoples’ disappearances. (133 words)

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Missing perons"

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Whang, Ho-Kyung. "Missing Persons." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1769.

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Patterson, Marla. "Who is missing? a study of missing persons in B.C. /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2101.

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Banks, Christopher. "In the galleria of missing persons." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0027/MQ39915.pdf.

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Hill, Ronald Bryant. "Missing in America homelessness during the Reagan revolution /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3034548.

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Moosage, Riedwaan. "Missing-ness, history and apartheid-era disappearances: The figuring of Siphiwo Mthimkulu, Tobekile ‘Topsy’ Madaka and Sizwe Kondile as missing dead persons." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6640.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
The argument of this dissertation calls for an abiding by missing-ness as it relates to apartheid-era disappearances. I am concerned with the ways in which the category missing is articulated in histories of apartheid-era disappearances through histories seeking to account for apartheid and how that category is enabled and /or constrained through mediating practices, processes and discourses such as that of forensics and history itself. My deployment of a notion of missing-ness therefore is put to work in underscoring notions of history and its relation to a category of missing persons in South Africa as they emerge and are figured through various discursive strategies constituted by and through apartheid’s violence and iterations thereof. I focus specifically on the enforced disappearances of Siphiwo Mthimkulu, Tobekile ‘Topsy’ Madaka and Sizwe Kondile and the vicarious ways in which they have been produced and (re)figured in a postapartheid present. Mthimkulu and Madaka were abducted, tortured, interrogated, killed and their bodies disposed through burning by apartheid’s security police in 1982. In 2007 South Africa’s Missing Persons Task Team exhumed commingled burnt human fragments at a farm, Post Chalmers. After two years of forensic examinations, those remains were identified as most likely those of Mthimkulu and Madaka. Their commingled remains were reburied in 2009 during an official government sanctioned Provincial re-burial. Kondile was similarly abducted in 1981 and after being imprisoned, tortured, interrogated and killed, his physical remains were burnt. The MPTT has been unsuccessful in locating and thus exhuming his remains for re-burial. Sizwe Kondile remains missing. Missing-ness as I evoke it serves to signal the lack and excess as potentiality and instability of histories accounting for the condition and symptom of being missing. The productivity of deploying missing-ness and an abidance to it in the ways I argue is precisely in not explicitly naming it, but rather by holding onto its elusiveness by marking the contours of discourses on absence-presence, those which it simultaneously touches upon and is constitutive of. Articulating it thus is to affirm missing-ness as a question that I argue, be put to work and abided by.

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Irwin, Keith. "What Spins Away." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2182/.

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What Spins Away is a novel about a man named Caleb who, in the process, of searching for a brother who has been missing for ten years, discovers that his inability to commit to a job or his primary relationships is both the result of his history with that older missing brother, and his own misconceptions about the meaning of that history. On a formal level, the novel explores the ability of traditional narrative structures to carry postmodern themes. The theme, in this case, is the struggle for a stable identity when there is no stable community against which or in relationship to an identity might be defined.

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Danford, Daniel. "Pastoral awareness of persons with disabilities." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1987. http://www.tren.com.

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Clark, Julie Margaret. "Wanting to hope : the experience of adult siblings of long-term missing people /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19324.pdf.

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Griggs, James Leonard. "Claims making in the case study of missing children: A case study." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/514.

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Messitt, Margaret. "Art(i)fact: An Atlas of My Search." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1510932927475633.

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Books on the topic "Missing perons"

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Zitner, Sheldon P. Missing persons. Toronto: Junction Books, 2003.

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McCoy, Shirlee. Missing Persons. Toronto, Ontario: Steeple Hill, 2008.

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Lange, Hartmut. Missing persons. London: Toby Press, 2000.

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Bruce, Swanton, and Australian Institute of Criminology, eds. Missing persons. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology, 1988.

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White, Stephen. Missing persons. Waterville, Me: Wheeler Pub., 2005.

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McCoy, Shirlee. Missing persons. New York: Steeple Hill Books, 2008.

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Giangrande, Carole. Missing persons. Dunvegan, Ont: Cormorant Books, 1994.

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Lucas, Craig. Missing persons. New York: Dramatists Play Service, 1996.

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Haeseker, Alexandra. Missing persons. [Calgary, Alberta, Canada]: [publisher not identified], 2012.

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Vladislavić, Ivan. Missing persons: Stories. Cape Town: D. Philip, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Missing perons"

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Komaromy, Carol, and Jenny Hockey. "Missing Persons." In Family Life, Trauma and Loss in the Twentieth Century, 21–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76602-7_2.

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Gaylard, Gerald. "Missing Persons." In At Home with Ivan Vladislavić, 39–58. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003318996-3.

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Morewitz, Stephen J., and Caroline Sturdy Colls. "Missing Persons: An Introduction." In Handbook of Missing Persons, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40199-7_1.

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Stevenson, Olivia, and Penny Woolnough. "Geographies of Missing People: Improving Police Knowledge and Response to Missing Persons." In Handbook of Missing Persons, 127–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40199-7_10.

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Lampinen, James Michael, and Kara N. Moore. "Prospective Person Memory in the Search for Missing Persons." In Handbook of Missing Persons, 145–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40199-7_11.

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Kim, Joyce, Jackie Leach Scully, and Sara Huston Katsanis. "Ethical Challenges in Missing Persons Investigations." In Handbook of Missing Persons, 163–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40199-7_12.

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Saiz, María, Maria Jesus Alvarez-Cubero, Juan Carlos Alvarez, and Jose Antonio Lorente. "Forensic Genetics Against Children Trafficking: Missing Children Genetic Identification." In Handbook of Missing Persons, 177–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40199-7_13.

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Blau, Soren. "Missing Persons Investigations and Identification: Issues of Scale, Infrastructure, and Political Will." In Handbook of Missing Persons, 191–206. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40199-7_14.

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Butorac, Ksenija, Ljiljana Mikšaj-Todorović, and Mislav Stjepan Žebec. "Missing Persons in Croatia: Incidence, Characteristics and Police Performance Effectiveness." In Handbook of Missing Persons, 207–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40199-7_15.

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Walton, Rachel, and Silvia Pettem. "Investigation of Long-Term Missing Persons as Cold Case Homicides: An American Perspective." In Handbook of Missing Persons, 233–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40199-7_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Missing perons"

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Domozi, Zsolt, Daniel Stojcsics, Abdallah Benhamida, Miklos Kozlovszky, and Andras Molnar. "Real time object detection for aerial search and rescue missions for missing persons." In 2020 IEEE 15th International Conference of System of Systems Engineering (SoSE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sose50414.2020.9130475.

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Berti, A., L. Ripani, G. Braccesi, S. Bartolozzi, V. Scavongelli, and G. Micheli. "Missing Persons Search: A Multidisciplinary Analysis." In Second International Conference on Engineering Geophysics. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20131918.

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Briones, Joseph L., and Tishya Chhabra. "Navigation Mesh for Missing Persons Search." In ICDCN '22: 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3491003.3500927.

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Inavolu, Mohan Datta, Deepa Venna, Guru Vamsi Kallepalli, and Sarat Satya Surapaneni. "Detection of Missing Persons Using Mobile App." In 2023 2nd International Conference for Innovation in Technology (INOCON). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/inocon57975.2023.10101097.

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Ciobotaru, Simona, Carl Adams, Craig John Robert Collie, and Karen Shalev Greene. "Sharing Missing Persons Appeals on Social Media." In SIGMIS-CPR '22: 2022 Computers and People Research Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3510606.3550200.

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Frowd, Charlie, William B. Erickson, and James M. Lampinen. "Locating Missing Persons Using Age-Progression Images from Forensic Artists." In 2014 Fifth International Conference on Emerging Security Technologies (EST). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/est.2014.31.

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Bassolillo, S. "Target localization with a distributed Kalman filter over a network of UAVs." In Aeronautics and Astronautics. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902813-21.

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Abstract. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have gained significant usage in various kinds of missions, including reconnaissance, search and rescue, and military operations. In rescue missions, timely detection of missing persons after avalanches is crucial for increasing the chances of saving lives. Using UAVs in such scenarios offers benefits such as reducing risks for rescuers and accelerating search efforts. Employing a formation of multiple drones can effectively cover a larger area and expedite the process. However, the challenge lies in achieving autonomous and scalable systems, as drones are typically operated on a one-to-one basis, requiring a large team of rescuers. To enhance situational awareness and distribute communication load, this paper proposes a decentralized Kalman filtering algorithm that exploits sensor data from multiple drones to estimate target positions and support guidance and control algorithms. The algorithm combines Consensus on Information and Consensus on Measurements techniques. Preliminary validation is conducted through numerical simulations in a sample scenario.

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Noor, Nor Azlina Mohd. "Presumption Of Death Law In Malaysia: The Case Of Missing Persons." In ILC 2017 - 9th UUM International Legal Conference. Cognitive-Crcs, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2018.12.03.84.

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Mašek, Ján. "Climate configuration of the model ALADIN at CHMI." In První konference PERUN. Český hydrometeorologický ústav, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59984/978-80-7653-063-8.06.

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For operational weather forecast at CHMI we use the ALARO configuration of the numerical system ALADIN with horizontal resolution 2.3km. It is so-called convection permitting model. The goal of presented work was to evaluate potential of operational ALARO configuration used for Central Europe, and apply it with minimal changes for baseline regional climate simulations realized within the PERUN project. Tests following the so-called big brother experimental protocol were performed, demonstrating ability of the regional model to add short scales missing in the boundary conditions from driving model ESM2-1 in the region of interest over Czech territory, even though the resolution of driving model is more than order of magnitude coarser. Further it was verified that in the computational domain synoptic scales are sufficiently controlled by lateral boundary conditions. Thanks to this, consistency with driving global scenario is ensured even without use of spectral nudging. Such approach enables to fully profit from high resolution of the regional model, when internal variability generated by convective or orographic circulations is not artificially restricted.

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Clauss, Gu¨nther F., Andre´ Kauffeldt, and Nils Otten. "AGaPaS: Autonomous Galileo-Supported Rescue Vessel for Persons Overboard." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79384.

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For any seagoing mission such as rescue missions, coast guard or pilot duties, crew safety is a key parameter. However, in extreme situations there is always a residual risk for crew members to go overboard. In this case the probability of survival is relatively low until today. This paper presents the joint research project “AGaPaS”, which is aimed to significantly raise the chances of survival for a drifting person. The main objective is to develop a self activating, partially autonomously operating rescue system being able to search, find and rescue people gone overboard. The project accounts for all aspects of the rescue process including: • the life jacket equipped with various sensors and a radio transmitter; • the construction of the rescue vessel; • a real time positioning system for the rescue vessel based on Galileo; • a recovery unit for the person overboard; • a recovery system for the rescue vessel; and • the integration into a conventional bridge system. A crucial part of the rescue process is the recovery of the remotely operating vessel including the retrieved person by a mother ship. Similar problems have already been investigated by the Technical University Berlin before [1], [2]. Whereas launching operations are less critical, the recovery of a boat, especially in severe weather, is a challenging task. Therefore, strength analyses, as well as relative motions are to be systematically investigated using model tests and numerical simulations considering a coupled system consisting of the mother ship with an articulated recovery system and the rescue vessel. Furthermore, the manoeuvrability of the rescue system is evaluated at high sea states. As a result of the research project a fully operational testing model at full scale is designed and built.

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Reports on the topic "Missing perons"

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öhman, Björn, and Jens Frank. Probability of police dogs detecting missing people in search sectors. Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.3tvad4e09k.

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Searching for missing persons is an important task for police dog teams. The purpose of this study was to investigate what proportion of missing persons are found during sector searches. The study was conducted as an exercise within the framework of the local weekly training structure (L406) for police patrol dogs in Police Region South during the winter and spring of 2022/2023. A total of 23 dog teams participated over six weeks from December 2022 to April 2023. During the searches, 25 out of 26 (96%) of the deployed decoys were found, which means that a missing person is very likely to be found by the police dog teams also during real search and rescue missions. Interestingly, the dog teams that have used a total search-time below average have found decoys to the same extent as the teams that have used more total search-time. The group that has used less than 119 minutes and where the dog has travelled an average of 9.5 km has thus been sufficient to find the missing persons. This means that the teams that have searched longer than the average and where the dog has travelled a longer distance, have used more time than actually needed. A total search-time of 119 minutes on average and a distance travelled by the dog of 9.5 km was sufficient to find all the decoys in an area of 25 hectares. A shorter search-time and shorter distance travelled would likely have been sufficient to find the same number of decoys, but based on the results of this study we cannot determine what time or distance would have been sufficient. This is however interesting to investigate further in future studies as it suggests that there is a possibility to cover larger areas in less time but with the same probability of detecting missing persons.

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Cavallo, Eduardo, Laura Giles Álvarez, and Andrew Powell. Estimating the Potential Economic Impact of Haiti’s 2021 Earthquake. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003657.

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This paper employs a simple methodology to estimate the potential economic damages of the 2021 earthquake in Haiti. The country registered a magnitude 7.2 earthquake off the South Coast on August 14, 2021, that resulted in 2,248 deaths, 12,763 injured and substantial damages to houses and other infrastructure. An additional 329 persons remain missing. We estimate economic damages using econometric techniques and a dataset on natural disasters across a wide range of countries and over an extended time period. Based on this analysis, damages for the 2021 earthquake in Haiti are estimated to reach US$1.6 billion (9.6 percent of GDP) for a scenario with an impact of 2,500 dead or missing. We also generate confidence intervals on these results. We hope these early estimates will provide a useful input to the ongoing Post-Disaster Risk Assessment (PDNA) and will assist the government and its international partners plan efforts to assist the country in terms of relief and reconstruction.

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Placke, Manja, and Hela Mehrtens, eds. CDRmare Data Management Plan Template. CDRmare Research Mission, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cdrmare.02.

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The corporate CDRmare Data Management Plan (DMP) template is used in each consortium of the Research Mission CDRmare. It will provide a transparent overview of planned and gathered (meta-)data of each consortium including details of responsible persons, planned due dates, and repositories for archiving. The DMP template is adapted in content for each consortium and will be updated regularly. It will facilitate data sharing within the CDRmare community and will show both the planned and actual progress of the research during the mission period.

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Osadchyi, V., O. Skrynyk, V. Sidenko, E. Aguilar, J. Guijarro, T. Szentimrey, O. Skrynyk, et al. ClimUAd: Ukrainian gridded daily air temperature (min, max, mean) and atmospheric precipitation data (1946-2020). Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute (UHMI), Kyiv, Ukraine, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/uhmi.report.03.

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The dataset contains observation based long gridded time series of daily minimum, maximum and mean air temperature and atmospheric precipitation for Ukraine, covering the period of 1946-2020. The dataset was built through the thorough historical climate data processing, which included all mandatory steps: data rescue/digitization of missing values and/or periods in station time series from paper sources, their quality control and homogenization, and interpolation on 0.1o * 0.1o grid. The station data comprised daily values of 178 meteorological stations of Ukraine. The quality control, homogenization and gridding were performed by means of the well established and widely used software INQC, Climatol and MISH, respectively.

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Ramani, Shyama V., Pranav Shankar Kaundinya, Natalie Perné, and Serdar Türkeli. Building Resilience to Flooding. UNU-MERIT, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53330/tlgw9214.

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Technology and innovation can mitigate and even prevent the damage caused by floods. A recent review by Kaundinya, Perné and Türkeli (2022) identified three main pathways to flood resilience: First, existing scientific knowledge and technology can be mobilised to create infrastructural innovations which can be either nature-based or non-nature based. The latter is more common and usually takes the form of the construction of dikes, dams and canals that directly reduce the probability of floods occurring. Large infrastructure projects tend to require significant financial and resource investments that are often state-backed as they are deemed too high-risk for the privatesector. The second pathway is information generation, which applies science and technology to create digital apps and platforms that improve preparedness, response and recovery from flooding through data generation and data visualisation. The rapid dissemination of information on the course of the natural disaster enables better responses from vulnerable populations as well as emergency services offering assistance during the crisis (as outlined below in point #2 of this brief). Better responses can take the form of alerts on the pathway of the floods, location of safe sanctuaries, identifying people in need and missing persons, availability of emergency services etc. The third pathway mainly concerns response and recovery through aid disbursement. Here, a variety of instruments can be put in place, including ensuring that government departments are focussed on helping impacted households through focussed programmes. Essential services recovery must also be prioritised, and the recovery stage involves both economic and non-economic actors working together to return to a (new) normal.

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Osadchyi, Volodymyr, Olesya Zavaliy, Liudmyla Palamarchuk, Oleg Skrynyk, Valeriy Osypov, Dmytro Oshurok, and Vladyslav Sidenko. Ukrainian gridded monthly air temperature (min, max, mean) and atmospheric precipitation data (1946-2020). Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute (UHMI), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/uhmi.report.02.

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The dataset contains long gridded time series of monthly minimum, maximum and mean air temperature and atmospheric precipitation for Ukraine, covering the period of 1946-2020. The dataset was built through the thorough historical climate data processing, which included all mandatory steps: data rescue/digitization of missing values and/or periods in station time series from paper sources, their quality control and homogenization, and interpolation on 0.1x0.1 grid. The station data comprised monthly values of 178 stations for air temperature (for each of three parameters) and 224 stations for atmospheric precipitation. The quality assurance and homogenization were performed by means of the widely used homogenization software HOMER (HOMogEnization in R), while the well-known interpolation software MISH (Meteorological Interpolation based on Surface Homogenized data basis) was used to perform the gridding.

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Raju, Nivedita, and Laura Bruun. Integrating Gender Perspectives into International Humanitarian Law. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/qilu7567.

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International humanitarian law (IHL) aims to limit the impacts of armed conflict through rules and protections. However, while IHL seemingly accords protection to ‘all persons’, it may fail to do so, especially on the basis of gender. In turn, failure to include gender perspectives in IHL can result in inaccurate assessments of civilian harm. This paper explores the missing gender perspectives in IHL and proposes that they be integrated with intersectional considerations. The paper first examines inherent gender bias in the wording of certain IHL rules, highlighting several issues including gender essentialism, limited distinction between sex and gender, and the need to overcome a binary approach to gender to ensure adequate protections for the LGBTQIA+ community. The paper also examines key rules of IHL which are particularly sensitive to bias in interpretation and application, including certain rules on weapons, the rules guiding the conduct of hostilities, and obligations to provide legal advice and legal training to the armed forces. Finally, the paper concludes with action points to more effectively integrate intersectional gender perspectives into IHL.

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Jokinen, Pauli, Pentti Pirinen, Juho-Pekka Kaukoranta, Antti Kangas, Pekka Alenius, Patrick Eriksson, Milla Johansson, and Sofia Wilkman. Climatological and oceanographic statistics of Finland 1991–2020. Finnish Meteorological Institute, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361485.

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This report consists of climate statistics for air pressure, temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, snow depth, wind, sunshine and global radiation for the normal period covering the years 1991–2020. In addition for the first time oceanographic statistics for sea water level, sea water temperature and sea ice are included. Based on the station and gridded data the new 1991–2020 normal period is approximately 0.6 °C warmer in Finland compared to the previous 1981–2010 period. The new normal period is approximately 1.3 °C warmer when compared to the 1961–1990 period. Climate and oceanographic statistics can be used for example when anomalies for current conditions need to be calculated and put in a historical context. In addition they help in decision-making when it is needed to approximate conditions months into the future. And lastly normal periods provide a way to monitor the progression of climate change. The calculation of the normal period statistics have been carried out following the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) guidelines. Like with previous normal periods, some stricter guidelines were followed nationally, for example in the way missing observations were handled. The period 1991–2020 is both nationally and internationally the official normal period before the next one covering 2001–2030 is taken into use.

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Szwedzki, Roni, Odette Maciel, Dana Michael King, Carolina Romero, Elizabeth Salazar, Priscila Vera, Maria Clemencia Monroy, Diego Del Pilar, Ingrid Garay, and Alejandro Soriano. Extended Country Program Evaluation Costa Rica 2015-2022. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005672.

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This document presents the evaluation conducted by the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) of the Country Program of the Inter-American Development Bank Group (IDBG) with Costa Rica from 2015 to 2022, spanning two strategic planning periods. This marks the sixth independent evaluation conducted by OVE of the IDB Group's program in Costa Rica. Previous evaluations covered the periods 1990-2001, 2002-2006; 2006-2010, 2011-2014, and 2015-2018. This evaluation examines the Bank's relationship with Costa Rica over an extended period. As outlined in the OVE Country Products Protocol, Extended Country Program Evaluations (XCPE), such as this one, are independent assessments of the last two country strategies and the corresponding Country Program to evaluate their relevance, effectiveness, and sustainability. XCPEs focus on both accountability and learning, aiming to provide assessments to the Board of Executive Directors and the Management of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) and IDB Invest of the IDB Group's performance in the country and its Country Program. They also aim to share lessons learned to inform the Bank's future support, particularly in the context of the upcoming Country Strategy. XCPEs make recommendations expected to enhance the subsequent Country Strategy and Country Program. The Country Program evaluation examines the design, implementation, and outcomes of operations approved under the Country Program with Costa Rica between 2015 and 2022, considering the national context and relevant strategic documents. To conduct this evaluation, OVE analyzed country data, studied project documents, and conducted interviews (both virtually and in person) with country authorities, project executing units, the private sector, representatives from other development agencies, and IDB Group staff at the Country Office and Headquarters. Additionally, OVE conducted a mission to the country in June 2023. OVE appreciates the participation and collaboration of these counterparts, which enabled a rich exchange of information and reasonable access to verify the program's outcomes.

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Eastman, Brittany. Legal Issues Facing Automated Vehicles, Facial Recognition, and Privacy Rights. SAE International, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2022016.

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Facial recognition software (FRS) is a form of biometric security that detects a face, analyzes it, converts it to data, and then matches it with images in a database. This technology is currently being used in vehicles for safety and convenience features, such as detecting driver fatigue, ensuring ride share drivers are wearing a face covering, or unlocking the vehicle. Public transportation hubs can also use FRS to identify missing persons, intercept domestic terrorism, deter theft, and achieve other security initiatives. However, biometric data is sensitive and there are numerous remaining questions about how to implement and regulate FRS in a way that maximizes its safety and security potential while simultaneously ensuring individual’s right to privacy, data security, and technology-based equality. Legal Issues Facing Automated Vehicles, Facial Recognition, and Individual Rights seeks to highlight the benefits of using FRS in public and private transportation technology and addresses some of the legitimate concerns regarding its use by private corporations and government entities, including law enforcement, in public transportation hubs and traffic stops. Constitutional questions, including First, Forth, and Ninth Amendment issues, also remain unanswered. FRS is now a permanent part of transportation technology and society; with meaningful legislation and conscious engineering, it can make future transportation safer and more convenient.

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