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Housman, Ian, Robert Chastain, and Mark Finco. "An Evaluation of Forest Health Insect and Disease Survey Data and Satellite-Based Remote Sensing Forest Change Detection Methods: Case Studies in the United States." Remote Sensing 10, no. 8 (July 27, 2018): 1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10081184.
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The Operational Remote Sensing (ORS) program leverages Landsat and MODIS data to detect forest disturbances across the conterminous United States (CONUS). The ORS program was initiated in 2014 as a collaboration between the US Department of Agriculture Forest Service Geospatial Technology and Applications Center (GTAC) and the Forest Health Assessment and Applied Sciences Team (FHAAST). The goal of the ORS program is to supplement the Insect and Disease Survey (IDS) and MODIS Real-Time Forest Disturbance (RTFD) programs with imagery-derived forest disturbance data that can be used to augment traditional IDS data. We developed three algorithms and produced ORS forest change products using both Landsat and MODIS data. These were assessed over Southern New England and the Rio Grande National Forest. Reference data were acquired using TimeSync to conduct an independent accuracy assessment of IDS, RTFD, and ORS products. Overall accuracy for all products ranged from 71.63% to 92.55% in the Southern New England study area and 63.48% to 79.13% in the Rio Grande National Forest study area. While the accuracies attained from the assessed products are somewhat low, these results are similar to comparable studies. Although many ORS products met or exceeded the overall accuracy of IDS and RTFD products, the differences were largely statistically insignificant at the 95% confidence interval. This demonstrates the current implementation of ORS is sufficient to provide data to augment IDS data.
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Spies, T., F. Olivier, F. Martinez-Pastor, D. M. Barry, and P. Bartels. "214USE OF FLOURESCENT PROBES TO ACCESS EPIDIDYMAL SPERMATOZOA OF THE BLUE WILDEBEEST CONNOCHAETES TAURINUS AND IMPALA ANTELOPE AEPYCEROS MELAMPUS MELAMPUS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 16, no. 2 (2004): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv16n1ab214.
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Sperm quality assessment may be a useful tool not only for evaluating the reproductive health of free-ranging populations, but also for selecting individuals for future assisted-reproduction technology programs. The aim of this study was to assess the functionality of epididymal spermatozoa collected from blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) and impala (Aepyceros melampus melampus) during the non-breeding season, using the fluorescent probes, propidium ioide (PI;; Sigma, South Africa) and JC-1 (Molecular Probes, The Netherlands). Six blue wildebeest and eight impala were harvested as part of a wildlife management program on a game ranch in South Africa. Testes were removed and transported to the laboratory within 6 hours while being maintained at 4°C. The cauda epididymides were removed and flushed with 1mL of Tris-citrate egg yolk extender (fraction A, Biladyl;; Minitüb, Germany). The sperm sample was diluted 1:4 in HEPES washing medium (Sigma;; 20mM HEPES, 355mM sucrose, 10mM glucose, 2.5mM KOH;; 400mOsm/kg, pH 7), and centrifuged for 5min at 600g, followed by re-suspending the pellet in 0.1mL of HEPES saline medium (Sigma;; as for washing medium, except 197mM NaCl instead of sucrose). The percentage of motile (MS) and progressively motile (PS) spermatozoa were determined using phase contrast microscopy (×200, 37°C). Sperm plasma membrane integrity and mitochondrial status were assessed using fluorescence microscopy (×400, 450–490nm excitation filter, 510nm dichroic-beam splitter, 520nm barrier filter) after staining with PI (50ngmL−1; 10min, RT) and JC-1 (7.5μM; 30min, 37°C), respectively. Spermatozoa with damaged plasma membranes showed a red fluorescence and spermatozoa with active and inactive mitochondria (MIT) fluoresced orange and green, respectively. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated between spermatozoa with intact plasma membranes (IPM) and MIT, and with motility (Statistica™ package). A summary of the results is shown in the table 1. Although samples were not collected during the breeding season, sperm quality appeared to be good for the blue wildebeest, but less so for the impala. In general, impala results were more varied. Significant correlations were found for impala (n=8, P<0.05) MS-IPM: 0.75; IPM-MIT: 0.83, and for blue wildebeest (n=6, P<0.05), MS-IPM: 0.84; IPM-MIT: 0.81, and for pooled data (n=14, P<0.01), MS-IPM: 0.93; MS-MIT: 0.87; PS-IPM: 0.67; PS-MIT: 0.66; IPM-MIT: 0.95. These correlations suggest a relationship of functional parameters to sperm motility. Both membrane integrity and mitochondrial status are important for sperm flagellar activity. The correlation between IPM and MIT indicates a relationship or the effect of common factors. In conclusion, sperm collected from blue wildebeest and impala during the non-breeding season appear functional, a fact that may be useful for future conservation programs based on assisted reproduction technology or for assessing the reproductive health status of free-ranging wildlife populations. The fluorescent probes PI and JC-1 appear useful for assessing sperm quality in these two species and should be considered for further sperm quality assessment studies in other antelope species. Table 1 Results of the analyses, showing mean±SD (max.–min.)
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Pransky, Joanne. "The Pransky interview: Dr. Hugh Herr – Professor, MIT Media Lab; Director, Biomechatronics Group and Co-director, MIT Center for Extreme Bionics; Founder, BionX Medical Technologies Inc." Industrial Robot: the international journal of robotics research and application 47, no. 6 (July 17, 2020): 795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-06-2020-0115.
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Purpose The following paper is a “Q&A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal as a method to impart the combined technological, business and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry PhD-turned successful innovator and entrepreneur regarding the commercialization and challenges of bringing his technological inventions to market. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Considered one of the top biomechatronics researchers in the world, Dr Hugh Herr heads the MIT Biomechatronics Research Group and Center for Extreme Bionics. His research programs seek to advance technologies that promise to accelerate the merging of body and machine, including device architectures that resemble the body’s musculoskeletal design, actuator technologies that behave like muscle and control methodologies that exploit principles of biological movement. Herr’s methods encompass a diverse set of scientific and technological disciplines that are advancing an emerging field of engineering science that applies principles of biomechanics and neural control to guide the designs of human rehabilitation and augmentative devices. Findings As a teenager, Herr was a highly competitive mountain climber until he had to have both legs amputated below the knees after suffering severe frostbite during a 1982 mountain expedition at the age of 17. As a result of this experience, he directed his efforts and talent to try to improve the mobility of people with disabilities. He graduated in physics in 1990 from the Millersville University (Pennsylvania). He subsequently earned a Master’s degree in Mechanical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1993 and a PhD in Biophysics at Harvard University in 1998. He then was a postdoctoral fellow in medical devices at MIT. He was Assistant Professor at the Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School. Since 2000, he has been heading the MIT Biomechatronics Group within the Media Lab and has been Co-directing the Lab’s Center for Extreme Bionics since 2014. To bring his inventions to market, Herr founded a spin-off company out of MIT under the name iWalk in 2007, which was relaunched as BionX Medical Technologies Inc. in 2015, and acquired by Ottobock in 2017. Originality/value Herr is a world leader and inventor in the field of bionics and biomechanics whose research accomplishments have already made a significant impact on physically challenged people. Herr has produced several groundbreaking products, starting with a computer-controlled artificial knee in 2003, called the Rheo Knee™ System and commercialized by Össur Inc. He also designed his own bionic lower legs, the world’s first powered ankle-foot prosthesis to emulate the action of a biological leg and, for the first time, provides amputees with a natural gait. The Empower ankle system is now marketed by Ottobock. He is presently working on NeuroEmbodied Design methodology to restore proprioception to amputees. Herr has received major accolades including the Popular Mechanics Breakthrough Leadership Award (2005), the Heinz Award for Technology, the Economy and Employment (2007) and R&D Magazine’s 14th Innovator of the Year Award (2014) and a No Barriers Lifetime Achievement Award at the 2013 No Barriers Summit. His innovations were listed twice among TIME magazine’s Top Ten Inventions (2004; 2007) and which called him “Leader of the Bionic Age” in 2011. His life story has been told in the book Second Ascent: The Story of Hugh Herr (1991) and in the film Ascent: The Story of Hugh Herr, made in 2002 by National Geographic. He is the author and co-author of more than 150 peer-reviewed papers and patents.
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Xue, Jia, Ran Hu, Wenzhao Zhang, Yaxi Zhao, Bolun Zhang, Nian Liu, Sam-Chin Li, and Judith Logan. "Virtual Reality or Augmented Reality as a Tool for Studying Bystander Behaviors in Interpersonal Violence: Scoping Review." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 2 (February 15, 2021): e25322. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25322.
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Background To provide participants with a more real and immersive intervening experience, virtual reality (VR) and/or augmented reality (AR) technologies have been integrated into some bystander intervention training programs and studies measuring bystander behaviors. Objective We focused on whether VR or AR can be used as a tool to enhance training bystanders. We reviewed the evidence from empirical studies that used VR and/or AR as a tool for examining bystander behaviors in the domain of interpersonal violence research. Methods Two librarians searched for articles in databases, including APA PsycInfo (Ovid), Criminal Justice Abstracts (EBSCO), Medline (Ovid), Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ProQuest), Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest), and Scopus till April 15, 2020. Studies focusing on bystander behaviors in conflict situations were included. All study types (except reviews) written in English in any discipline were included. Results The search resulted in 12,972 articles from six databases, and the articles were imported into Covidence. Eleven studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All 11 articles examined the use of VR as a tool for studying bystander behaviors. Most of the studies were conducted in US young adults. The types of interpersonal violence were school bullying, dating violence, sexual violence/assault, and soccer-associated violence. VR technology was used as an observational measure and bystander intervention program. We evaluated the different uses of VR for bystander behaviors and noted a lack of empirical evidence for AR as a tool. We also discuss the empirical evidence regarding the design, effectiveness, and limitations of implementing VR as a tool in the reviewed studies. Conclusions The reviewed results have implications and recommendations for future research in designing and implementing VR/AR technology in the area of interpersonal violence. Future studies in this area may further contribute to the use of VR as an observational measure and explore the potential use of AR to study bystander behaviors.
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Burns-Hernandez, L. U., and J. E. Greenberg. "Harvard—MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology." IEEE Pulse 2, no. 4 (July 2011): 68–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mpul.2011.941718.
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Gazis, Nikolaos, Eugene Tanke, Mats Lindroos, Magnus Tacklind, Peter Radahl, and Karen Jonsdottir. "Mechanical engineering, design and structural health monitoring at the ESS facility to enable science." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 50 (January 2020): 2060006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201019452060006x.
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The European Spallation Source (ESS), which is established as a European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC), is a multi-disciplinary research facility that is currently under construction. ESS has as vision to develop to a world class facility, enabling scientific breakthroughs in research related to materials, energy, health and the environment. The ESS facility is built by a collaboration of some 100 research institutes and universities. With its 5 MW average beam power, its linac will be the most powerful linac of all neutron spallation sources. Neutrons are obtained by delivering 2 GeV protons at a repetition rate of 14 Hz to the He-cooled solid tungsten rotating target. The Accelerator is built with a high percentage of In-Kind Contributions (IKC) with major accelerator systems being designed, prototyped and built outside ESS. The first major accelerator elements are now being assembled and tested with their first parts being installed. Future similar large-scale projects could likely be IKC-based, which is a powerful model. Within ESS, the Mechanical Engineering & Technology (MET) section is responsible for developing and maintaining mechanical engineering and design throughout the facility. The mechanical design is consolidated in the master model and available under the ESS Plant Layout, including all In-Kind Contributions as well as other related mechanical engineering content. Consequently, the MET section is also responsible for the design, development and supervision of the proton accelerator and tungsten target in terms of civil and infrastructure design for the physical plant. In parallel, ESS has set stringent goals for high availability and reliability on the machines during operations. In order to deliver these goals and monitor the aging status of critical parts of the machines, prototypes and one-of-a-kinds, the MET section has developed and currently implements Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) program on the accelerator primarily and other machines for Operations. The innovative strategy and application of Non-Destructive Testing for Machines (NDTM) is under development by the MET section with the leading benefit of utilizing the technology of Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (RUS). Both reference and irradiated samples undergo RUS measurements to obtain spectral responses of the dedicated materials, for machine reliability and operations availability purposes.
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Pransky, Joanne. "The Pransky interview: Dr Cory Kidd, Founder and CEO at Catalia Health." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 44, no. 3 (May 15, 2017): 259–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-03-2017-0049.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is a “Q&A interview” conducted by Joanne Pransky of Industrial Robot Journal as a method to impart the combined technological, business and personal experience of a prominent, robotic industry PhD-turned-entrepreneur regarding the evolution, commercialization and challenges of bringing a technological invention to market. Design/methodology/approach The interviewee is Dr Cory Kidd, an inventor, entrepreneur and leading practitioner in the field of human–robot interaction. Dr Kidd shares his 20-year journey of working at the intersection of healthcare and technology and how he applied innovative technologies toward solving large-scale consumer healthcare challenges. Findings Dr Kidd received his BS degree in Computer Science from the Georgia Institute of Technology and earned a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellow in Computer and Information Science & Engineering. Dr Kidd received his MS and PhD degrees at the MIT Media Lab in human–robot interaction. While there, he conducted studies that showed the psychological and clinical advantages of using a physical robot over screen-based interactions. While finishing his PhD in 2007, he founded his first company, Intuitive Automata, which created interactive coaches for weight loss. Though Intuitive Automata ceased operations in 2013, Dr Kidd harnessed his extensive knowledge of the healthcare business and the experiences from patient engagement and launched Catalia Health in 2014 with a new platform centered specifically around patient behavior change programs for chronic disease management. Originality/value Dr Kidd is a pioneer of social robotics and has developed groundbreaking technology for healthcare applications that combines artificial intelligence, psychology and medical best practices to deliver everyday care to patients who are managing chronic conditions. He holds patents, including one entitled Apparatus and Method for Assisting in Achieving Desired Behavior Patterns and in an Interactive Personal Health Promoting Robot. Dr Kidd was awarded the inaugural Wall Street Journal and Credit Suisse Technopreneur of the Year in 2010, which is meant to “honor the entry that best applies technology with the greatest potential for commercial success”. He is also the Director of Business Development for the nonprofit Silicon Valley Robotics and is an impact partner for Fresco Capital. He consults, mentors and serves as a Board Member and Advisor to several high-tech startups.
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Alptekin, Koksal, Faik Kartelli, Markus Berger, Emine Ilgın Hoşgelen, Simay Erinç, Deniz Yerlikaya, Yağmur Özbek, et al. "S111. A REAL ENVIRONMENT BASED VIRTUAL REALITY APPLICATION TO IMPROVE PHYSICAL HEALTH OF PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S76—S77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.177.
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Abstract Background Physical illnesses such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases are much more common in patients with schizophrenia compared to general population. Besides the rate of schizophrenia patients benefiting from general health services have been quite low. These physical illnesses don’t only cause bad prognosis but also decrease the quality of life and increase the risk of early death. Many schizophrenia studies in recent years have found that patients with schizophrenia have died very early compared to normal population. The most important reasons of developing physical illnesses in schizophrenia are decrease in physical activity, nutrition problems, weight gain, smoking cigarettes, alcohol and substance abuse, unhealthy lifestyles. Emerging new technologies may lead to the discovery of new treatment techniques in psychiatric disorders and related problems. Virtual reality (VR) as one of these new technologies, is composed of imitated real environments on computers. Most of virtual reality environments are about visual experiences by means of computer screen. Virtual reality is used for presenting reality experience and it is a 3D computer program of existing or non-existing environments. Although virtual reality in treatment of schizophrenia is new to the science, it has promising results to improve positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Also, VR technology may be useful to improve psychosocial functioning among the patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of VR physical health program on physical health parameters such as nutrition, psychomotor activity, smoking cigarettes and lifestyle. Methods Patients who met DSM-V schizophrenia diagnostic criteria from Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, Schizophrenia and Psychosis Outpatient Clinic were included into the study. In this study, a virtual reality laboratory has been established and physical health improvement program by using virtual reality technology with real life experiences has been developed for patients with schizophrenia. Results None of the patients reported motion sickness due to exposure to real environment during or after immersive process of VR. There were significant changes regarding the physical health parameters. Discussion VR physical health program may be useful to improve physical health-related problems such as obesity, psychomotor inactivity and smoking cigarettes.
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Rayner, Justine, Anna Murray, Myriam Joseph, Ariel Branz, and Daniele Lantagne. "Evaluation of household drinking water filter distribution programs in Haiti." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 6, no. 1 (February 6, 2016): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2016.121.
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Household water treatment (HWT) can reduce the diarrheal disease burden in populations without access to safe water. We evaluated five programs that distributed biosand, ceramic, or Sawyer filters in Haiti after the 2010 earthquake and cholera outbreak. We conducted household surveys and tested Escherichia coli and turbidity in stored household untreated and treated water in ∼50 randomly selected households from each program. Across programs, self-reported filter use ranged from 27 to 78%; confirmed use (participants with reported use who also showed the filter with water currently in it) ranged from 20 to 76%; and effective use (participants who used the filter to improve water quality to international guideline values) ranged from 0 to 54%. Overall, programs that more successfully met evaluation metrics: (1) distributed an effective technology; (2) provided safe storage; (3) required cash investment; (4) provided initial training; (5) provided follow-up; (6) provided supply-chain access; (7) targeted households relying on contaminated water sources; and, (8) had experience working in the local context. These findings, similar to results of previous research on HWT, suggest that well-implemented programs have the potential to result in sustained household filter use in Haiti.
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Alanazi, Bander, Kerryn Butler-Henderson, and Mohammed R. Alanazi. "Factors Influencing Healthcare Professionals’ Perception towards EHR/EMR Systems in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: A Systematic Review." Oman Medical Journal 35, no. 6 (October 25, 2020): e192-e192. http://dx.doi.org/10.5001/omj.2020.85.
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Electronic health and medical records are widely adopted in many healthcare settings worldwide to improve the quality of care. Users’ perception is a significant factor influencing the successful implementation and use of e-health technologies. This systematic review aimed to identify factors influencing the perceptions of healthcare professionals towards the adoption and use of electronic health and medical record systems to improve the quality of healthcare services in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council. We identified primary studies evaluating healthcare professionals’ perception towards electronic health records and/or electronic medical records in the Gulf region. Seven electronic databases, including Medline, CINAHL, Informit Health Collection, Science Direct, ProQuest, PubMed, and Scopus were used to search for the relevant articles published between January 2007 and December 2016. Thirteen articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. Both individual and system-related factors were found to positively or negatively influence healthcare providers’ perceptions towards the systems. Understanding the impact of healthcare professionals’ perception of health information technology is important for policymakers involved in the implementation programs to ensure their success. Future studies should evaluate other individual characteristics such as age, gender, and profession of the healthcare providers on their perceptions towards e-health technologies.
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Hazel, Cynthia Afedi, Sheana Bull, Elizabeth Greenwell, Maya Bunik, Jini Puma, and Marcelo Perraillon. "Systematic review of cost-effectiveness analysis of behavior change communication apps: Assessment of key methods." DIGITAL HEALTH 7 (January 2021): 205520762110005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20552076211000559.
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Objective Evidence backing the effectiveness of mobile health technology is growing, and behavior change communication applications (apps) are fast becoming a useful platform for behavioral health programs. However, data to support the cost-effectiveness of these interventions are limited. Suggestions for overcoming the low output of economic data include addressing the methodological challenges for conducting cost-effectiveness analysis of behavior change app programs. This study is a systematic review of cost-effectiveness analyses of behavior change communication apps and a documentation of the reported challenges for investigating their cost-effectiveness. Materials and methods Four academic databases: Medline (Ovid), CINAHL, EMBASE and Google Scholar, were searched. Eligibility criteria included original articles that use a cost-effectiveness evaluation method, published between 2008 and 2018, and in the English language. Results Out of the 60 potentially eligible studies, 6 used cost-effectiveness analysis method and met the inclusion criteria. Conclusion The evidence to support the cost-effectiveness of behavior change communication apps is insufficient, with all studies reporting significant study challenges for estimating program costs and outcomes. The main challenges included limited or lack of cost data, inappropriate cost measures, difficulty with identifying and quantifying app effectiveness, representing app effects as Quality-adjusted Life Years, and aggregating cost and effects into a single quantitative measure like Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio. These challenges highlight the need for comprehensive economic evaluation methods that balance app data quality issues with practical concerns. This would likely improve the usefulness of cost-effectiveness data for decisions on adoption, implementation, scalability, sustainability, and the benefits of broader healthcare investments.
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Lau, Nancy, Susannah F. Colt, Shayna Waldbaum, Alison O'Daffer, Kaitlyn Fladeboe, Joyce P. Yi-Frazier, Elizabeth McCauley, and Abby R. Rosenberg. "Telemental Health For Youth With Chronic Illnesses: Systematic Review." JMIR Mental Health 8, no. 8 (August 27, 2021): e30098. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/30098.
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Background Children, adolescents, and young adults with chronic conditions experience difficulties coping with disease-related stressors, comorbid mental health problems, and decreased quality of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global mental health crisis, and telemental health has necessarily displaced in-person care. However, it remains unknown whether such remote interventions are feasible or efficacious. We aimed to fill this research-practice gap. Objective In this systematic review, we present a synthesis of studies examining the feasibility and efficacy of telemental health interventions for youth aged ≤25 years with chronic illnesses. Methods PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched from 2008 to 2020. We included experimental, quasiexperimental, and observational studies of telemental health interventions designed for children, adolescents, and young adults aged ≤25 years with chronic illnesses, in which feasibility or efficacy outcomes were measured. Only English-language publications in peer-reviewed journals were included. We excluded studies of interventions for caregivers or health care providers, mental health problems not in the context of a chronic illness, disease and medication management, and prevention programs for healthy individuals. Results We screened 2154 unique study records and 109 relevant full-text articles. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, and they represented seven unique telemental health interventions. Five of the studies included feasibility outcomes and seven included efficacy outcomes. All but two studies were pilot studies with relatively small sample sizes. Most interventions were based on cognitive behavioral therapy and problem-solving therapy. The subset of studies examining intervention feasibility concluded that telemental health interventions were appropriate, acceptable, and satisfactory to patients and their parents. Technology did not create barriers in access to care. For the subset of efficacy studies, evidence in support of the efficacy of telemental health was mixed. Significant heterogeneity in treatment type, medical diagnoses, and outcomes precluded a meta-analysis. Conclusions The state of the science for telemental health interventions designed for youth with chronic illnesses is in a nascent stage. Early evidence supports the feasibility of telehealth-based delivery of traditional in-person interventions. Few studies have assessed efficacy, and current findings are mixed. Future research should continue to evaluate whether telemental health may serve as a sustainable alternative to in-person care after the COVID pandemic.
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Altwaijiri, M., and B. Aldosari. "Health Informatics Master Program at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 17, no. 01 (August 2008): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638593.
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Summary Objective The purpose of this paper is to describe the Health Informatics Master Program at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods We have reviewed health informatics master programs worldwide with more emphasis on the recommendations of the International Medical Informatics Association on education in health informatics, research, and faculty/trainee participation at KSAU-HS. Results An applied health informatics master program has been designed where graduates will be able to deploy information and communication technology in support of health systems’ processes. This is due to the fact that most of health organizations are driven by information and communication technology. The program embodies the features of effective applied health informatics master programs recommended by the International Medical Informatics Association on education in health informatics and delineated as curricula integrating three areas of knowledge and skills: 1) Methodology and technology for the processing of data, information and knowledge in medicine and healthcare, 2) Medicine, health and biosciences, and 3) Informatics/ computer science, mathematics and biometry. Conclusions The health informatics master program (MHI) immerses students in the multidisciplinary field of health informatics education. Graduates of the MHI program will be wellprepared informaticians for leadership positions, able to meet the increasing demands in the field of health informatics to manage, plan, develop, and provide expert consultations to the healthcare sectors.
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Borghouts, Judith, Elizabeth Eikey, Gloria Mark, Cinthia De Leon, Stephen M. Schueller, Margaret Schneider, Nicole Stadnick, Kai Zheng, Dana Mukamel, and Dara H. Sorkin. "Barriers to and Facilitators of User Engagement With Digital Mental Health Interventions: Systematic Review." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 3 (March 24, 2021): e24387. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24387.
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Background Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs), which deliver mental health support via technologies such as mobile apps, can increase access to mental health support, and many studies have demonstrated their effectiveness in improving symptoms. However, user engagement varies, with regard to a user’s uptake and sustained interactions with these interventions. Objective This systematic review aims to identify common barriers and facilitators that influence user engagement with DMHIs. Methods A systematic search was conducted in the SCOPUS, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. Empirical studies that report qualitative and/or quantitative data were included. Results A total of 208 articles met the inclusion criteria. The included articles used a variety of methodologies, including interviews, surveys, focus groups, workshops, field studies, and analysis of user reviews. Factors extracted for coding were related to the end user, the program or content offered by the intervention, and the technology and implementation environment. Common barriers included severe mental health issues that hampered engagement, technical issues, and a lack of personalization. Common facilitators were social connectedness facilitated by the intervention, increased insight into health, and a feeling of being in control of one’s own health. Conclusions Although previous research suggests that DMHIs can be useful in supporting mental health, contextual factors are important determinants of whether users actually engage with these interventions. The factors identified in this review can provide guidance when evaluating DMHIs to help explain and understand user engagement and can inform the design and development of new digital interventions.
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Williams, Jeff, Aileen McCrillis, Richard McGowan, Joey Nicholson, Alisa Surkis, Holly Thompson, and Dorice Vieira. "Leveraging Technology and Staffing in Developing a New Liaison Program." Medical Reference Services Quarterly 33, no. 2 (April 2014): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02763869.2014.897515.
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Howell, Joel D. "The Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology: The First 25 Years, 1970-1995 (review)." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 79, no. 2 (2005): 366–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2005.0070.
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Kloda, Lorie Andrea. "Despite Barriers, Education Providers, Health Professionals, and Students Perceive E-Learning to Be an Effective Method of Education." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 1, no. 3 (September 14, 2006): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b83s3r.
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Childs, Sue, Elizabeth Blenkinsopp, Amanda Hall, and Graham Walton. “Effective E-Learning for Health Professionals and Students—Barriers and Their Solutions. A Systematic Review of the Literature—Findings from the HeXL Project.” Health Information & Libraries Journal 22.S2 (2005): 20-32.
Objective – To determine barriers or problems and possible solutions related to e-learning, and to determine the effectiveness of e-learning among health professionals and students.
Design – Systematic review of qualitative literature, in addition to interviews and questionnaires, to allow for triangulation of the data.
Setting – “The HeXL Project: Surmounting the Barriers to NHS E-Learning in the North-East.” The National Health Service (NHS) in the North-East of England, from May 2003 to March 2004.
Subjects – A systematic review of 57 qualitative studies on health and e-learning, phone interviews with 13 managers and trainers, and 149 questionnaires completed by users and non-users of e-learning. All participants of the interviews and questionnaires were staff and students of the NHS in the North-East of England.
Methods – The study used three methods to collect data to meet the objectives of the study. For the systematic review, the databases AMED (Allied and Alternative Medicine), ASSIA (Applied Social Sciences), CINAHL (Nursing and Allied Health), ERIC (Education), HMIC (health Management), LISA (Library and Information Sciences), PubMed (Medline), and Web of Science were searched using the terms “e-learning” or “computer assisted instruction”, and “health”, and “barriers.” Any type of research or comprehensive literature review was selected from the results to be included in analysis. Based on the findings from the systematic review, a semi-structured interview schedule was developed for use in phone interviews to be conducted with managers or e-learning trainers. Also based on the systematic review, questionnaires were developed and distributed to users and non-users of e-learning. The three methods permitted triangulation of the data.
Main results – The search produced 161 results of which 57 met the methodological criteria. The 57 studies categorized e-learning barriers and solutions into eight different issues: organizational, economics, hardware, software, support, pedagogical, psychological, and skills. Results from the interviews and questionnaires mirrored those of the systematic review. Barriers to e-learning included managing change, lack of skills, costs, absence of face-to-face learning, and time commitment. Solutions to the barriers of e-learning included blended learning, better design, skills training, removal of costs, and improved access to technology. There were, however, some discrepancies between the results from the systematic review and the interviews and questionnaires: barriers due to “lack of access to technology” (29) were not perceived as serious, suggested solutions did not include better communication and scheduling, and the solutions to provide trainer incentives and employment admission criteria were rejected. Users and potential users of e-learning mentioned one solution not found in the review: protected time during work to partake in e-learning. Results from the interviews and questionnaires demonstrated that managers, trainers, and learners thought e-learning to be effective.
Conclusion – The researchers answered the study’s questions to determine the perceived barriers and solutions to e-learning for the NHS in the North-East of England. Despite the barriers identified, it was also determined from the interviews conducted and questionnaires returned that managers, trainers, and learners perceive e-learning as an effective method of education for health professionals and students. Further research is needed to determine whether this perception is correct. The systematic review of the literature identified important “factors which need to be in place” for e-learning to effectively take place (29). The barriers and potential solutions identified are useful for those designing e-learning programs in any professional context. The results point to several requirements for e-learning success: national standards and strategies; curriculum integration; change management; flexible programming; skills training; and support and access to technology for managers, learners, and trainers. The authors of the article believe that librarians play an important role in e-learning and identify several areas in which librarians can contribute.
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Huggins, A., and M. D. LaGrega. "Methods to Set Soil Cleanup Goals to Protect Surface and Ground Water Quality at Hazardous Waste Sites." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 1-3 (January 1, 1991): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0439.
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Hazardous waste management programs in the U.S. have focused on the cleanup of sites so that environmental standards are met and environmental and human health risks will be mitigated. The programs involve the cleanup of abandoned sites as well as existing industrial facilities. In many cases the criteria for cleanup at these sites are based on the protection of ground or surface water resources. Criteria can be based on 1) background levels in the surrounding environment, 2) national or state standards set to protect surface and ground water uses, and/or 3) site-specific standards based on risk assessment techniques. Methodologies for the derivation of cleanup goals in the U.S. vary between regulatory programs. Media-protection standards or trigger levels are the simplest to manage, but their appeal can be diminished if they lead to unnecessary cleanup activities. Such simple systems also fail to deal with any unique site characteristics or exposure patterns. Partly in response to such concerns, some U.S. programs depend upon risk assessment to set site-specific cleanup goals. This paper provides several case studies where various approaches to developing cleanup goals have been applied, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches.
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Halvorson, Sarah J., and James L. Wescoat Jr. "Guarding the Sons of Empire: Military–State–Society Relations in Water, Sanitation and Health Programs of mid-19th-Century India." Water 12, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020429.
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Drinking water supply and sanitation have had a strong association with military institutions in South Asia from the colonial period to the present. This paper shows how military-state-society relationships created spaces of differential water access and sanitation burdens in mid-19th-century cantonments in ways that involved complex gender relations. In comparison with previous research, we argue that privileged military enclaves were segregated but never fully separated from larger urban water and sanitation systems. We use historical geographic methods to review the evolving role of military sanitation regulations in cantonments from late-18th-century policies of the East India Company (EIC) through mid-19th-century rule by the British Crown, during which time military cantonments, regulations, and formal monitoring reports were established. Close reading of the British Army Medical Department’s Statistical, Sanitary, and Medical Reports (Sanitary Reports) in the 1860s then shows how military-state-society relations diverged from civilian public health programs in ways that persist to some extent to the present day. Health advisors, some of them women, pursued an ideology and tactics to “guard the sons of empire”, from what they perceived to be a disease-filled landscape of “lurking evils”, “choleric attacks”, and “native offensives”. We conclude with a discussion of both continuities and change in the relationships between military and civilian public health reforms beyond the barracks.
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Tadas, Shreya, and David Coyle. "Barriers to and Facilitators of Technology in Cardiac Rehabilitation and Self-Management: Systematic Qualitative Grounded Theory Review." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 11 (November 11, 2020): e18025. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18025.
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Background Dealing with cardiovascular disease is challenging, and people often struggle to follow rehabilitation and self-management programs. Several systematic reviews have explored quantitative evidence on the potential of digital interventions to support cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and self-management. However, although promising, evidence regarding the effectiveness and uptake of existing interventions is mixed. This paper takes a different but complementary approach, focusing on qualitative data related to people’s experiences of technology in this space. Objective Through a qualitative approach, this review aims to engage more directly with people’s experiences of technology that supports CR and self-management. The primary objective of this paper is to provide answers to the following research question: What are the primary barriers to and facilitators and trends of digital interventions to support CR and self-management? This question is addressed by synthesizing evidence from both medical and computer science literature. Given the strong evidence from the field of human-computer interaction that user-centered and iterative design methods increase the success of digital health interventions, we also assess the degree to which user-centered and iterative methods have been applied in previous work. Methods A grounded theory literature review of articles from the following major electronic databases was conducted: ACM Digital Library, PsycINFO, Scopus, and PubMed. Papers published in the last 10 years, 2009 to 2019, were considered, and a systematic search with predefined keywords was conducted. Papers were screened against predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Comparative and in-depth analysis of the extracted qualitative data was carried out through 3 levels of iterative coding and concept development. Results A total of 4282 articles were identified in the initial search. After screening, 61 articles remained, which were both qualitative and quantitative studies and met our inclusion criteria for technology use and health condition. Of the 61 articles, 16 qualitative articles were included in the final analysis. Key factors that acted as barriers and facilitators were background knowledge and in-the-moment understanding, personal responsibility and social connectedness, and the need to support engagement while avoiding overburdening people. Although some studies applied user-centered methods, only 6 involved users throughout the design process. There was limited evidence of studies applying iterative approaches. Conclusions The use of technology is acceptable to many people undergoing CR and self-management. Although background knowledge is an important facilitator, technology should also support greater ongoing and in-the-moment understanding. Connectedness is valuable, but to avoid becoming a barrier, technology must also respect and enable individual responsibility. Personalization and gamification can also act as facilitators of engagement, but care must be taken to avoid overburdening people. Further application of user-centered and iterative methods represents a significant opportunity in this space.
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Blach, Wieslaw, Dawid Dobosz, Bartlomiej Gasienica-Walczak, Juris Grants, and Artur Litwiniuk. "Falls Are the Leading Cause of Injuries among Farmers—Limitations of Practicing Judo in Preventing These Incidents." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 10, 2021): 7324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167324.
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Benefits related to doing martial arts go beyond health-related and constitute very useful life skills. One of them is ability to fall safely. It is an important skill since falls are a common cause of injuries. The aim of the study is knowledge regarding the burden of falls in a population of farmers. This systematic review was prepared according to PRISMA guidelines. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer Link, Web of Science. A total of 21 articles met eligibility criteria. The common general observation was that fall (regardless of type) caused various body injuries in populations of agriculture workers. Fall was the leading cause of injuries in only one population, and the most frequently classified second or third causes among all other listed injuries. People employed in the agriculture sector constitute an occupational group with an increased risk of injury as a result of accidental fall, which may lead to disability or even death (in extreme situations). Safe fall training would be an important addition to traditional fall prophylaxis applied on farms. The authors indicate the limitations of judo as a base of such a program, such as with superficial analysis of this issue in scientific publications. There is a need for a critical and wary approach to recommendations that are limited to prophylaxis of the effects of accidental falls that are founded on judo or other combat sports and martial arts.
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McCaskill-Stevens, Worta J., and Ann M. Geiger. "Community and academic partnerships: Moving a new generation of clinical trials in NCI Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) into community oncology practices." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2019): 2551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.2551.
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2551 Background: NCORP is a model program that bridges academic and community oncology practices and research. Over the past decade, community cancer investigators have adopted new technology, encountered new treatment sequalae, and faced rising cost of care with its financial toxicity imposed upon individuals seeking care. Opportunities are abundant for community investigators to assess feasibility and uptake of research advances into community practice settings, yet these opportunities are met with the challenges of dynamic changes in types of organizations delivering cancer care and diversity of populations within their catchment areas. Little information is shared about how and to what extent the health environment influences this partnership and the implementation of a broad cancer research portfolio. Methods: This abstract reports on the continued interest and participation of community oncologists in research which is demonstrated by 987 practices with over 4000 investigators in NCORP. Since 2014, over 30,000 individuals enrolled in symptom management, screening, surveillance, quality of life, and treatment trials. An additional 4500 patients and clinicians have enrolled in care delivery studies. Results: NCORP has been central in evaluating the most effective strategies for investigators to effectively communicate to patients the science of genomically-driven trials. It has also provided ways of bringing the pediatric and AYA patients access to the most up-to-date treatment strategies and new therapies in their community. This creates the least disruption on family structure/dynamics, diminished traveling requirements/costs, and reduced the financial burden. NCORP promotes involvement of treating oncologists in research activities. This also improves care for patients not enrolled in clinical trials. Therefore, NCORP serves as a laboratory to determine the most effective strategies for co-management of cancer patients and survivors. Conclusions: Several questions however remain to be addressed using this clinical trial model. These include: how to continue to reduce disparities in cancer care and clinical trial participation; and, what are the best strategies for fostering implementation of cancer care models in community practice.
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Heft-LaPorte, Heidi, and Arthur J. Frankel. "Computer-Assisted Tracking of a Case Management Program for the Homeless." Care Management Journals 2, no. 3 (January 2000): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1521-0987.2.3.153.
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Computer scan sheet technology was used to evaluate process and outcome variables in a case management shelter program for the homeless. Clients spent up to four months in this program, working on a number of goal areas, including housing, employment, drugs and alcohol, mental and physical health, and literacy. Using Tele-Form, a computer program that allows scan sheets to be designed on screen, case manager recording forms were developed that allowed interventions to be documented on a daily basis, while psychosocial goal areas were documented on scan sheets at intake and termination. Data from these scan sheets were fed into SPSS, a statistical program for the social sciences. Using the case management tracking guidelines developed by Frankel and LaPorte, 1998, the results of this study showed that scan sheet technology was an effective, efficient, and extremely cost-effective way to track case management. The analysis of the data and subsequent discussion suggested ways about how to make case management evaluation more uniform across the country.
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Thomas, William, and Lambert Williams. "The Epistemologies of Non-Forecasting Simulations, Part I: Industrial Dynamics and Management Pedagogy at MIT." Science in Context 22, no. 2 (June 2009): 245–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889709002233.
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ArgumentThis paper is the first part of a two-part examination of computer modeling practice and philosophy. It discusses electrical engineer Jay Forrester's work on Industrial Dynamics, later called System Dynamics. Forrester developed Industrial Dynamics after being recruited to the newly-established School of Industrial Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), which had been seeking a novel pedagogical program for management for five years before Forrester's arrival. We argue that Industrial Dynamics should be regarded in light of this institutional context. Unlike economics, as well as operations research and management science (twin fields which were also gaining traction at that time), Industrial Dynamics was not meant to be applied by mathematicians and technical specialists in consultation with managers, but by managers themselves. This concern shifted the emphasis in modeling from the specialist act of analysis of a crucial problem to the managerial act of choosing which problems were crucial and developing effective policies around them.
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Dalisay, Soledad Natalia, and Mylene T. De Guzman. "Risk and culture: the case of typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 25, no. 5 (July 11, 2016): 701–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-05-2016-0097.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to look into the socio-cultural contexts that shaped people’s evacuation decisions during typhoon Haiyan in three affected areas in the Philippines. Design/methodology/approach This is a multi-sited ethnography that utilized interviews, focus group discussion and participatory risk mapping among selected women and men in areas affected by typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines. Findings Coastal communities encounter threats from storm surges as brought about by typhoons. During such periods, disaster evacuation programs are implemented. In some instances, evacuation programs are met with resistance from community members. Such resistance has been attributed to the people’s hard headedness and ignorance of the potential impacts of living in hazard prone areas. This paper argues that it is not solely for these reasons that people refused to evacuate. Results showed that hesitance may also be due to other considerations and priorities vital to people. It is also because people had faith in the knowledge and strategies that they were able to develop by engaging with hazards through time. Furthermore, previous experiences with disaster evacuation programs cast doubt on their value in saving their lives. Life in the evacuation areas can be as dangerous if not more compared with living in their coastal homes. Some of the informants believed that they were being moved from hazard zones to death zones. This paper ends with recommendations for the development of evacuation programs that build people’s resilience while taking into consideration the local moral world in identified hazard zones in the Philippines. Research limitations/implications The study focused on three areas affected by typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines, namely, Tacloban City, Guiuan, Eastern Samar, and San Francisco, Cebu. Originality/value Most research on disaster mitigation looked into the engineering and technology aspects. This paper looks into the socio-cultural contexts of disaster evacuation.
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Grosskopf, Nicholas A., Michael T. LeVasseur, and Debra B. Glaser. "Use of the Internet and Mobile-Based “Apps” for Sex-Seeking Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in New York City." American Journal of Men's Health 8, no. 6 (March 20, 2014): 510–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988314527311.
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The Internet continues to be a popular venue for men who have sex with men (MSM) to seek sexual partners. Increased sexual risk behavior has been linked to MSM who use the Internet to seek partners. However, there has been little research on how new mobile-based social networking applications (“apps”) may affect sex-seeking and sexual risk behaviors of MSM. One hundred twenty-six MSM in New York City were recruited to complete an online survey on the use of the Internet and other technology for sex-seeking. The authors collected data on variables of interest including sexual sensation seeking, gay identity affirmation, internalized homophobia, Internet/app use, and sexual behavior with men met via the Internet and mobile apps. Results indicated that men who use both the Internet and mobile apps to seek partners were younger and reported higher incomes ( p < .05) than men who used the Internet only. There were no significant differences between the groups with regard to race, sexual sensation seeking, gay identity affirmation, or internalized homophobia, indicating that the use of mobile-based apps for sex-seeking may be simply an example of evolving technologies. These findings may provide insight for the feasibility and planning of effective mobile app-based HIV/STI programs for MSM.
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Sahar, Liora, Rentonia Williams, Arthi Rao, Kassandra I. Alcaraz, and Kenneth M. Portier. "Using GIS Technology to Define and Assess a Rurality Scheme Suitable for Decision Support in Health and Patient Services." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 9, no. 3 (July 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijagr.2018070101.
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Labeling geographic areas into rural or urban classes has implications to public policy, distribution of funds and services, as well as analysis and research. Rural-Urban classifications are often limited to dichotomous, county-based comparisons on geographies that can be too large and diverse to effectively assess and resource health care needs and services. Using an existing census tract based classification system, a modified rurality classification layer is proposed and used as a foundation layer in support of research, mission and income programs at a National Non-profit Organization. This system is analyzed by integrating with health services and program data to better understand accessibility and availability of health services, to assess available program offerings, and to evaluate the geographic distribution of health care providers and facilities. The analysis illustrates how identifying intra-rural differences can play a pivotal role in understanding patient needs, assigning adequate resources and can further support public health programs and policy implementation.
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M. Taufiqur Rohman, Made Kamisutara, and Muhammad Mustajib. "Enterprise Architecture Planning at the Health Sciences Faculty of UMSurabaya Using the Zachman Framework." Jurnal E-Komtek (Elektro-Komputer-Teknik) 5, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.37339/e-komtek.v5i1.416.
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Health Sciences Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Surabaya (UM Surabaya) is a faculty in UM Surabaya. It has a mission to develop academic, general, and student administration services based on quality management systems and the application of Information Technology. To achieve the mission, it is necessary to design and implement Information Technology in assisting administrative service business processes including a letter management system, the attendance system of staff and lecturer, and a financial submission system for the activity plan of the Implementing Unit, Head of Study Program, and Quality Control Group at the Faculty of Health Sciences UM Surabaya. Therefore, this research aimed to build an Enterprise Architecture Planning (EAP) using Zachman Framework method. This research resulted a structured integrated information system Blueprint design along with application prototypes at the Faculty of Health Sciences UM Surabaya. With the Information System Blueprint design, it made it easier for Developers to develop information systems and documented every system transaction process.
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Knott, Cynthia L., G. Steube, and Hongqiang (Mason) Yang. "Technology In The Classroom Versus Sustainability." Contemporary Issues in Education Research (CIER) 6, no. 1 (January 2, 2013): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/cier.v6i1.7600.
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The use of technology in universities and colleges is an issue of interest and speculation. One issue related to technology use in the classroom is sustainability of resources that support the technology. This paper explores faculty perceptions about technology use and sustainability in an east coast university. This university has initiated a new program that has been charged with the objective of creating and maintaining a sustainability program. The program is still being developed, but a few of the key goals are to look at recycling campus-wide, printing costs in the computer labs and library, and exploring what the faculty perceptions are about using technology in the classroom. This paper focuses on the last goal; and in order to explore this objective, a survey was administered to the Schools of Business, Health Professions, Arts & Sciences and the Library. The research question addressed in this paper is the relationship between the use of technology in the classroom and the course discipline of the faculty teaching the class. The faculty participants in the survey included four of its academic schools - Business, Health Professions, Arts & Sciences, and the Library. Consequently, there are four different faculty affiliations based on their school. The research questions related to school assignments presented in this paper: Are there significant differences in the use of technology based on the school in which the faculty member is associated? Do technology-driven programs in the schools of business and library science tend to perceive the use of technology in the classroom differently than other schools? Are differences in the school of affiliation reflected in faculty views of importance of technology to the learning process? Are differences in the school of affiliation reflected in faculty perceptions in the use of technology devices, including the desktop computers, iPad/Tablets, Laptops, Smartphones, or E-Readers? Do faculty affiliations with schools impact their view of the importance moving toward the use of electronic documents? Do faculty affiliations impact whether technology devices are viewed as distractions? Are sustainability enthusiasts also technology enthusiasts?
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Heinert, Sara, Marina Del Rios, Arjun Arya, Ramin Amirsoltani, Nasseef Quasim, Lisa Gehm, Natalia Suarez, and Terry Vanden Hoek. "The CHAMPIONS NETWork: Training Chicago High School Students as Health Advocates to Improve Health Equity." Health Promotion Practice 20, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524839918757755.
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In Chicago, major disparities exist across ethnic groups, income levels, and education levels for common chronic conditions and access to care. Concurrently, many of Chicago’s youth are unemployed, and the number of minorities pursuing health professions is low. In an effort to eliminate this health equity gap, the University of Illinois at Chicago convened a community–university–hospital partnership to implement the CHAMPIONS NETWork (Community Health And eMPowerment through Integration Of Neighborhood-specific Strategies using a Novel Education & Technology-leveraged Workforce). This innovative workforce training program is a “High School to Career Training Academy” to empower underserved youth to improve population health in their communities, expose them to careers in the health sciences, and provide resources for them to become community and school advocates for healthy lifestyles. This program differs from other traditional pipeline programs because it gives its students a paid experience, extends beyond the summer, and broadens the focus to population health with patient contact. The CHAMPIONS NETWork creates a new type of health workforce that is both sustainable and replicable throughout the United States.
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Karan, Orv C., Sara Brandenburg, Margaret Sauer, David E. Yoder, Pamela Mathy-Laikko, Francisco Villarruel, and Terrence R. Dolan. "Maximizing Independence for Persons Who are Developmentally Disabled: Community-Based Programs at the Waisman Center University Affiliated Facility." Journal of the Association for Persons with Severe Handicaps 11, no. 4 (December 1986): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154079698601100409.
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All University Affiliated Facilities conduct interdisciplinary programs of training, education/service, research, and outreach in the area of developmental disabilities. In this article four representative programs of the Waisman Center University Affiliated Facility in Madison, Wisconsin are described. They all share the following common features: each has been designed to augment and support the independence of persons who are developmentally disabled, each is either conducted in a community-based setting or designed to train persons who will work in such settings, and each is used as a resource for the conduct of interdisciplinary training for educators and clinicians. Included in this article are descriptions of (a) a paraprofessional training program that leads to an associate degree in community services, (b) an innovative supported employment program specifically designed for adults still living in public institutions, (c) a service/research program that provides persons who do not have speech capability with the technology and training for communicating, and (d) an evaluation/research program for promoting communication skills in persons who are mentally retarded, deaf, and blind.
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Fagerli, Kirsten, Jacqueline Hurd, Emma Wells, Jarred McAteer, Sunkyung Kim, Laura Seal, Patricia Akers, Jennifer L. Murphy, and Robert Quick. "Evaluation of use, acceptability, and effectiveness of household water filter systems in Honduras, 2016–2017." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, no. 4 (August 10, 2018): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2018.034.
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Abstract We evaluated a household hollow fiber water filter program in 11 Honduran villages by assessing filter uptake and water quality. Filters were purchased by 90% of households; of these, 94% reported use within the past week. When comparing water treatment methods between baseline and follow-up, there were increases in the proportion of households reporting water treatment (74% vs. 93%, p < 0.001) and treatment by filtration (19% vs. 85%, p < 0.001), and decreased purchase of bottled water (44% vs 6%, p < 0.001), indicating acceptability of the water filtration systems. There was a significant decrease in the presence of Escherichia coli in water samples taken from 35 households at baseline and follow-up in water filter systems (p < 0.001). As a result, 68% of samples met WHO water quality guidelines (no detectable E. coli) 6–12 months after program implementation. Observations of filter stands revealed a 6-inch gap between the top (reservoir) bucket and bottom (filtrate recipient) bucket that could have permitted animals, insects, hands, or other objects to touch filtered water. We recommend a redesign of filter stands to eliminate the gap between buckets, and a longer-term follow-up to assess filter durability and performance.
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Henry, Heather F., and William A. Suk. "Sustainable exposure prevention through innovative detection and remediation technologies from the NIEHS Superfund Research Program." Reviews on Environmental Health 32, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2017): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2016-0037.
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Abstract Innovative devices and tools for exposure assessment and remediation play an integral role in preventing exposure to hazardous substances. New solutions for detecting and remediating organic, inorganic, and mixtures of contaminants can improve public health as a means of primary prevention. Using a public health prevention model, detection and remediation technologies contribute to primary prevention as tools to identify areas of high risk (e.g. contamination hotspots), to recognize hazards (bioassay tests), and to prevent exposure through contaminant cleanups. Primary prevention success is ultimately governed by the widespread acceptance of the prevention tool. And, in like fashion, detection and remediation technologies must convey technical and sustainability advantages to be adopted for use. Hence, sustainability – economic, environmental, and societal – drives innovation in detection and remediation technology. The National Institute of Health (NIH) National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Superfund Research Program (SRP) is mandated to advance innovative detection, remediation, and toxicity screening technology development through grants to universities and small businesses. SRP recognizes the importance of fast, accurate, robust, and advanced detection technologies that allow for portable real-time, on-site characterization, monitoring, and assessment of contaminant concentration and/or toxicity. Advances in non-targeted screening, biological-based assays, passive sampling devices (PSDs), sophisticated modeling approaches, and precision-based analytical tools are making it easier to quickly identify hazardous “hotspots” and, therefore, prevent exposures. Innovation in sustainable remediation uses a variety of approaches: in situ remediation; harnessing the natural catalytic properties of biological processes (such as bioremediation and phytotechnologies); and application of novel materials science (such as nanotechnology, advanced membranes, new carbon materials, and materials reuse). Collectively, the investment in new technologies shows promise to reduce the amount and toxicity of hazardous substances in the environment. This manuscript highlights SRP funded innovative devices and tools for exposure assessment and remediation of organic, inorganic, and mixtures of contaminants with a particular focus on sustainable technologies.
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Kruse, Clemens Scott, and Cristian Lieneck. "Validating a Competency-Based HIT Curriculum in a BHA and MHA Program Through the Voice of the Customer." SAGE Open 9, no. 3 (July 2019): 215824401986145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244019861458.
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Competency mapping in higher education is not a new technique for curriculum development. Competency-based curriculum in health care administration programs has appeared in the literature every few years. Texas State University has taught a bachelor’s in health administration (BHA) and a master’s in health administration (MHA) for decades and recently wanted to validate its curriculum. Professors began with one course, the management of health information technology (HIT). We had two objectives with this work: What are the current health care information technology competencies required of health care administrators? Is the quality and depth of the current HIT curriculum sufficient? A competency-mapping exercise was used for the first question, and a survey mechanism was used for the second. Three demographic, 10 Likert-type-scale statements, and one free-text question were presented through an online survey instrument to stakeholders (alumni and preceptors). Stakeholders were asked about the importance, quality, and capabilities enabled by the HIT course. Nonparametric tests were used for analysis. The competency-mapping exercise highlighted clear relationships with learning objectives and identified two shortcomings in the current syllabus for both BHA and a MHA programs. Sixty-nine alumni and 20 preceptors provided valid responses to the surveys. Stakeholders generally agreed with the content of the current courses, but asked for updated material and more exposure to live electronic health records. Our methods highlighted shortfalls in our curriculum for one of our courses. We will next create surveys for the rest of the curriculum, engaging with our stakeholders in a continuous quality-improvement manner.
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Rose, Lynn M., Fiona Wills, Connie Bourassa-Shaw, Terri L. Butler, Jeanette Griscavage Ennis, Kim Emmons, Patrick Shelby, Meher Antia, and Kim Folger Bruce. "Collaborative academic medical product development: An 8-year review of commercialization outcomes at the Institute of Translational Health Sciences." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 1, no. 4 (August 2017): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2017.13.
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IntroductionThe Institute of Translational Health Sciences (ITHS), a Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA)-funded program at the University of Washington (UW), established the Drug and Device Advisory Committee (DDAC) to provide product-specific scientific and regulatory mentoring to investigators seeking to translate their discoveries into medical products. An 8-year retrospective analysis was undertaken to evaluate the impact of the DDAC programs on commercialization metrics.MethodsTracked metrics included the number of teams who consulted with the DDAC, initiated a clinical trial, formed a startup, or were successful obtaining federal small business innovation awards or venture capital. The review includes historical comparisons of the startup rates for the UW School of Medicine and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, two ITHS-affiliated institutions that have had different DDAC utilization rates.ResultsBetween 2008 and 2016, the DDAC supported 161 unique project teams, 28% of which went on to form a startup. The commercialization rates for the UW School of Medicine increased significantly following integration of the DDAC into the commercialization programs offered by the UW technology transfer office.ConclusionsA formalized partnership between preclinical consulting and the technology transfer programs provides an efficient use of limited development funds and a more in-depth vetting of the business opportunity and regulatory path to development.
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Yasui, Kiyotaka, Yuko Kimura, Kenji Kamiya, Rie Miyatani, Naohiro Tsuyama, Akira Sakai, Koji Yoshida, et al. "Academic Responses to Fukushima Disaster." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 29, no. 2_suppl (March 2017): 99S—109S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539516685400.
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Since radiation accidents, particularly nuclear disasters, are rarer than other types of disasters, a comprehensive radiation disaster medical curriculum for them is currently unavailable. The Fukushima compound disaster has urged the establishment of a new medical curriculum in preparation for any future complex disaster. The medical education will aim to aid decision making on various health risks for workers, vulnerable people, and residents addressing each phase in the disaster. Herein, we introduce 3 novel educational programs that have been initiated to provide students, professionals, and leaders with the knowledge of and skills to elude the social consequences of complex nuclear disasters. The first program concentrates on radiation disaster medicine for medical students at the Fukushima Medical University, together with a science, technology, and society module comprising various topics, such as public risk communication, psychosocial consequences of radiation anxiety, and decision making for radiation disaster. The second program is a Phoenix Leader PhD degree at the Hiroshima University, which aims to develop future leaders who can address the associated scientific, environmental, and social issues. The third program is a Joint Graduate School of Master’s degree in the Division of Disaster and Radiation Medical Sciences at the Nagasaki University and Fukushima Medical University.
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Freiburger, Gary, Mary Holcomb, and Dave Piper. "The STARPAHC collection: part of an archive of the history of telemedicine." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 13, no. 5 (July 1, 2007): 221–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/135763307781458949.
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An early telemedicine project involving NASA, the Papago Tribe (now the Tohono O'odham Indian Nation), the Lockheed Missile and Space Company, the Indian Health Service and the Department of Health, Education and Welfare explored the possibilities of using technology to provide improved health care to a remote population in southern Arizona. The project, called STARPAHC (Space Technology Applied to Rural Papago Advanced Health Care), took place in the 1970s and demonstrated the feasibility of a consortium of public and private partners working together to provide medical care to remote populations via telecommunication. In 2001 the Arizona Health Sciences Library acquired important archival materials documenting the STARPAHC project and in collaboration with the Arizona Telemedicine Program established the Arizona Archive of Telemedicine. The material is likely to interest those studying early attempts to use technology to deliver health care at a distance, as well as those studying the sociological ramifications of technical and scientific projects among indigenous populations.
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Vahrson, Wilhelm-Günther, and Peter Spathelf. "Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development: with deep roots in forestry towards a "whole institution approach" in sustainability." Scientific Bulletin of UNFU 29, no. 10 (December 26, 2019): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36930/40291004.
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Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development (HNEE) is a University of Applied Sciences in Brandenburg and one of Germany's greenest universities with 4 faculties and a unique profile. The basic principle of HNEE is sustainability, anchored in the mission statement, 'Mit der Natur für den Menschen' (With nature for mankind), and research is focused in the three areas: Sustainable rural development; Sustainable production and use of natural products, and Sustainable management of limited resources. HNEE provides several innovative study programs, such as Forestry, Organic Farming, Wood Technology, International Forest Ecosystem Management on Bachelor level. On Master level the study programs are Regional Management, Global Change Management, Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Forest Information Technology, a double-degree program together with Warsaw University of Life Sciences. Furthermore, HNEE's portfolio is complemented with further education Master programs such as Strategic Sustainability Management. The Higher Education Institution at Eberswalde has a long history going back to the early 19th century when it was a Faculty of the Berlin University. During the Cold War the Faculty was closed due to political reasons. After German reunification, among others a University of Applied Sciences was founded, with focus on practical application. The current situation of HNEE is described emphasizing the so-called 'Whole Institution Approach', i.e. sustainability is seen as an integrative concept for human life and economic development. The Whole Institution Approach encompasses a sound environmental management program aiming at zero emissions. Last but not least, some features of the Faculty of Forest and Environment are outlined. Especially worth to be mentioned is the international focus of the faculty, with four international study programs and many research topics of international relevance. Moreover, the Centre for Economics and Ecosystem Management is attached to the faculty.
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Maestas, Nicole. "Identifying Work Capacity and Promoting Work: A Strategy for Modernizing the SSDI Program." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 686, no. 1 (November 2019): 93–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716219882354.
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The Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program, which provides income support to individuals who become unable to work because of a disability, has not been substantially reformed since the 1980s, despite sweeping changes in health, medical technology, and the functional requirements of jobs. I review how the SSDI program works, its history in terms of caseloads and reforms, and findings from the research evidence that offer lessons for the future. I then propose two interlocking reforms that would modernize the core functions of the program. The first is to improve SSDI’s process for determining whether an applicant has remaining capacity to work by replacing the outdated medical-vocational “grid” with a new system of individual work capacity measurement. Second, I propose the introduction of partial disability benefits, which would make use of the new system for measuring work capacity and allow beneficiaries to combine benefit receipt with work. Partial benefits could be paired with a generalized benefit offset to further encourage work by beneficiaries, and the Social Security Administration’s complex array of work-related rules could be eliminated.
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Stefanini, Alessandro, Davide Aloini, and Peter Gloor. "Silence is golden: the role of team coordination in health operations." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 40, no. 9 (May 11, 2020): 1421–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-12-2019-0792.
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PurposeThis study investigates the relationships between team dynamics and performance in healthcare operations. Specifically, it explores, through wearable sensors, how team coordination mechanisms can influence the likelihood of surgical glitches during routine surgery.Design/methodology/approachBreast surgeries of a large Italian university hospital were monitored using Sociometric Badges – wearable sensors developed at MIT Media Lab – for collecting objective and systematic measures of individual and group behaviors in real time. Data retrieved were used to analyze team coordination mechanisms, as it evolved in the real settings, and finally to test the research hypotheses.FindingsFindings highlight that a relevant portion of glitches in routine surgery is caused by improper team coordination practices. In particular, results show that the likelihood of glitches decreases when practitioners adopt implicit coordination mechanisms rather than explicit ones. In addition, team cohesion appears to be positively related with the surgical performance.Originality/valueFor the first time, direct, objective and real time measurements of team behaviors have enabled an in-depth evaluation of the team coordination mechanisms in surgery and the impact on surgical glitches. From a methodological perspective, this research also represents an early attempt to investigate coordination behaviors in dynamic and complex operating environments using wearable sensor tools.
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Porta, Carolyn M., Erin M. Mann, Rohina Amiri, Melissa D. Avery, Sheba Azim, Janice M. Conway-Klaassen, Parvin Golzareh, et al. "Higher Education Institution Partnership to Strengthen the Health Care Workforce in Afghanistan." International Journal of Higher Education 9, no. 2 (January 7, 2020): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v9n2p95.
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Despite ongoing insecurity, Afghanistan has demonstrated improvement in health outcomes. Reasons for this success include a strategic public-private health service delivery model and investment in Afghan health care workforce development. Afghan universities have the primary responsibility for ensuring that an adequate health care workforce is available to private and public health care delivery settings. Most entry-level health care providers working in Afghanistan are educated within the country. However, university constraints, including faculty shortages and limited access to professional development, have affected both the flow of the health care workforce pipeline and the skill levels and competencies of those who do enter the workforce. Aware of these constraints and workforce needs, the administration at Kabul University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), working in collaboration with the Ministry of Higher Education, prioritized investment in strengthening technical and academic capabilities within four faculties (anesthesiology, dentistry, medical laboratory technology, and midwifery). KUMS partnered with the University of Minnesota in 2017 with United States Agency for International Development support through the University Support and Workforce Development Program. Together they established a unique training-of-trainers (TOT) faculty development program to improve faculty knowledge and skills specific to their technical expertise, as well as knowledge and skills in instructional design and research methods. In this article, we describe the successes and challenges associated with partnership development, implementation, and sustainability.
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Galway, Lindsay P., and Erin Cameron. "Flipping Online Learning in Public Health Graduate Education." Pedagogy in Health Promotion 6, no. 3 (July 4, 2019): 212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2373379919859023.
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The flipped classroom approach, used for many years in the humanities and the basic sciences, is becoming increasingly popular in public health education. This article describes the implementation and evaluation of a master’s-level Environmental and Occupational Health course, a required course in a Master of Public Health program at a mid-sized Canadian university. The course was designed using a flipped classroom approach and delivered online using a learning management system and interactive web-conferencing technology. Using a pre- and postsurvey design, we assessed improvements in student’s self-reported knowledge and skills, student learning experiences in the course, and the impact of specific course components on critical thinking and student engagement. Our results suggest that this approach enabled the achievement of course learning outcomes and provided positive learning experiences overall. Additionally, we find that the course promoted critical thinking and enabled student engagement in the context of online education for this small group of graduate-level public health students. We conclude by discussing key lessons learned for providing optimal learning experiences and outcomes in online graduate-level public health education.
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Zhang, Yao, Zhenping Lin, Xiaoming Li, Tu Xiaoming, Yeqin Zhou, and Xinping Zhang. "Factors Affecting ICT Use in Health Communication among the Older Population in Jiangsu, China." Libri 69, no. 1 (March 26, 2019): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/libri-2018-0103.
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AbstractWe examined the status of information communication technology (ICT) use among the older population in China and investigated their use of ICT in health communication and the factors that impacted their ICT adoption. A total of 215 people who were 45 or older participated in the study. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on the participants’ social demographic characteristics, health condition, ICT use and ICT-based health communication activities. The data were analyzed using Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, univariate logistic regression and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that 38.1 % of the participants reported being in a good health while 14.9 % were living with no chronic disease. The utilization of ICT was low, especially for computer and digital monitor devices. Only 4.7 % of the participants reported seeking health information online via computer and 7.4 % seeking health information using their cellphone, while 32 % and 14.9 % of the participants contacted healthcare providers or other patients via cellphone. Findings suggest a digital divide exists between the older population and other age groups in China. The older population need to increase the use of digital monitor devices and other ICT to facilitate their self-management process for healthcare purposes. eHealth literacy should be promoted among the older population to increase the adoption and use of ICT in health communication. Future intervention program developers and service providers should tailor their products and services to benefit the older population, especially those with low incomes, limited education and little experience of using ICT.
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Dell’Acqua, Edoarda Corradi, Jaime Marin, and Eric Wright. "INTEGRATED ARCHITECTURAL AND ENGINEERING DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR A ZERO-ENERGY BUILDING: ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY’S DESIGN ENTRY FOR THE 2018 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RACE TO ZERO (SOLAR DECATHLON DESIGN CHALLENGE)." Journal of Green Building 16, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.16.2.251.
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ABSTRACT This paper describes the design of InterTech, a zero-energy mixed-use student residence hall, developed in 2018 by an interdisciplinary team of Illinois Institute of Technology (Illinois Tech) students for the U.S. Department of Energy Solar Decathlon Design Challenge, formerly known as Race to Zero. The main focus is the team’s integrated and iterative approach, which blended architectural design and engineering concepts and led to achieving the high-performance goal. InterTech aims to provide an innovative housing solution to Illinois Institute of Technology’s graduate students and their families. Located along State Street in between Illinois Tech’s main campus and downtown Chicago, it offers a mix of living options providing both independence and access to the campus and to the city. In addition to the residential program, the project includes a small grocery/cafe connected to an outdoor public plaza, and an underground garage. Energy modeling was introduced in the early design stages. The potential of on-site renewable energy generation defined the project’s target Energy Use Intensity (EUI) of 37 kBtu/sqft. Several passive and active strategies were implemented to reduce the building’s total energy needs and meet the target EUI. The implementation of energy conservation measures led to a 25% reduction of the building’s cooling load and a 33% reduction of the heating load. A design EUI of 28 kBtu/sqft was calculated, validating that this design met and exceeded the zero-energy goal.
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Yang, Guishan, Qi Zhang, Rongrong Wan, Xijun Lai, Xia Jiang, Ling Li, Huichao Dai, Guangchun Lei, Jianchi Chen, and Yongjun Lu. "Lake hydrology, water quality and ecology impacts of altered river–lake interactions: advances in research on the middle Yangtze river." Hydrology Research 47, S1 (November 21, 2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2016.003.
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Water and mass exchange between rivers and lakes are key processes that maintain the health of the ecology of river–lake systems. Alteration to river–lake interactions have great impacts on water and mass balances. Naturally connected to the middle Yangtze River are the Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake, which are the largest and the second largest freshwater lakes in China. The operation of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) in the upper Yangtze River was found to have substantial impacts on the middle Yangtze river–lake system. In the past decade, unusual seasonal dryness was evident in the two lakes. Considerable deviations in lake water quality and wetland ecosystem were also detected. In order to explore and distinguish the causal factors influencing the river–lake system, the Ministry of Sciences and Technology (China) launched a research project in 2012, the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (2012CB417000). This article provides an overview of advances in this research, including the evolution of the river–lake interactions, the impacts of the TGD, and the influences on lake hydrology, water quality, and ecosystem. The 20 papers in this issue deliver part of the research outcomes of this project.
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Stanley, Trevor. "Bridging the Gap between Tertiary Education and Work: Situated Learning in Accountancy." Issues in Accounting Education 28, no. 4 (June 1, 2013): 779–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/iace-50527.
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ABSTRACT In professions such as teaching, health sciences (medicine, nursing), and built environment, significant work-based learning through practica is an essential element before graduation. However, there is no such requirement in professional accounting education. This paper reports the findings of an exploratory qualitative case study of the implementation of a Workplace Learning Experience Program in Accountancy at the Queensland University of Technology (QUT) in Australia. The interview-based study documents the responses of university students and graduates to this program. The study demonstrates that a 100-hour work placement in Accountancy can enhance student learning. It highlights the potential value of the application of sociocultural theories of learning, especially the concept of situated learning involving legitimate peripheral participation (Lave and Wenger 1991). This research adds to a small body of empirical accounting education literature relating to the benefits of work placements prior to graduation. The effectiveness of this short, for credit, unpaid program should encourage other universities to implement a similar work placement program as a form of pre-graduation learning in professional accounting education.
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Onken, Lisa. "Edward R. Roybal Centers for Translational Research in the Behavioral and Social Sciences of Aging." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1889.
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Abstract The goal of the Roybal Center program is the translation and integration of basic behavioral and social research findings into interventions to improve older people ‘s lives and the capacity of institutions to adapt to societal aging. Roybal Centers are structured within the conceptual framework of the multidirectional, translational NIH Stage Model to produce potent and implementable principle-driven behavioral interventions. The NIA’s Division of Behavioral and Social Research currently supports thirteen Roybal Centers, five of which have a primary focus on issues related to dementia care and caregiving support. Each Dementia Care Center has a unique focus that addresses issues such as social isolation, caregiving mastery, community-based resources and racial/ethnic minority health promotion. Additionally, a focus on the utilization of data science and behavioral economics related to palliative care, as well as a focus on the application of technology to improve assessments and interventions complete the scope of research endeavors.
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Kong, Pang Seng, Nasarudin Ahmad, Fazilah Hassan, and Anita Ahmad. "The Sensitivity of The Heart Rate Detection for Atrial Electrograms Signal." ELEKTRIKA- Journal of Electrical Engineering 20, no. 2 (August 28, 2021): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/elektrika.v20n2.273.
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Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most familiar example of arrhythmia that will occur health problems such as stroke, heart failure and other complications. Globally, the number of AF patients will more than triple by 2050 worldwide. Current methods involve performing large-area ablation without knowing the exact location of key parts. The reliability of the technology can be used as a target for atrial fibrillation’s catheter ablation. The factors that leading to the onset of atrial fibrillation include the triggering factors that induce arrhythmia and the substrate that maintains the arrhythmia. The project’s aim is to create a method for identifying AF that can be used as screening tool in medical practice. The primary goals for the detection method’s design are to develop a MATLAB software program that can compare the complexity of a normal ECG signal and an AF ECG signal. Currently, this can be achieved by the ECG Signal’s R peaks and RR Interval. For AF detection, there are more R peaks and RR Intervals and it is irregular. In this research, the detection of AF is based on the heart rate (RR Intervals). For the ECG preprocessing, Pan-Tompkins Algorithm and Discrete Wavelet Transform is used to detect the sensitivity on the R peaks and RR Intervals. As a result, Discrete Wavelet Transform algorithm gives 100% sensitivity for the dataset obtained from MIT-BIH Atrial Fibrillation and MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database.
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Damayanti, Made Rini, Gusti Ayu Ary Antari, and Ni Luh Putu Nopriani. "Effect of a Ten-Week Short Message Service-Based Intervention on Self-Management of Type-2 Diabetes Patients in Bali, Indonesia." Nurse Media Journal of Nursing 11, no. 2 (July 13, 2021): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v11i2.35257.
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Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that may pose serious complications if poorly managed. The application of mobile technology (m-health) ranging from simple to more complex programs in diabetes management has the potential to foster patients’ active involvement in their care. However, the evidence of m-health effectiveness on the self-management of type-2 diabetes patients in low- and middle-income countries is still mixed.Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a ten-week short message system (SMS)-based intervention (Tweek SMSDM) on self-management of type-2 diabetes patients.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed in two groups. The intervention group (n=30) received additional daily automated messages to enhance their diabetic self-care practice, while the control group (n=30) continued to follow the standard program only. Pre- and post-intervention data were measured in both groups using the Indonesian version of the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire. T-test, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks, McNemar and Fisher exact tests were carried out to analyze the data.Results: After ten weeks, the intervention group showed significant mean changes in the domains of general diet (0.42±1.08; p=0.034), specific diet (1.75±1.42; p=0.0001), exercise (1.02±1.85; p=0.005), blood-glucose testing (0.53±1.67; p=0.009), and foot care (4.75±2.51; p=0.001) before and after the intervention, while the control group did not. This study also found significant differences in the mean scores for each domain of the SDSCA between the intervention and the control groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: The Tweek SMSDM program can improve the self-management of type-2 diabetes patients and positively affect each domain in the SDSCA. The findings of this study recommend that nurses integrate the program into patient treatment regimes in primary healthcare centers; therefore, patients and their significant others can play more proactive roles in their diabetic care.
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Sens, Donald A., Karen L. Cisek, Scott H. Garrett, Seema Somji, Jane R. Dunlevy, Mary Ann Sens, Pat Conway, and Van A. Doze. "STEERing an IDeA in Undergraduate Research at a Rural Research Intensive University." Academic Pathology 4 (January 1, 2017): 237428951773509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2374289517735092.
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This study documents outcomes, including student career choices, of the North Dakota Institutional Development Award Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence program that provides 10-week, summer undergraduate research experiences at the University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences. Program evaluation initiated in 2008 and, to date, 335 students have completed the program. Of the 335, 214 students have successfully completed their bachelor’s degree, 102 are still undergraduates, and 19 either did not complete a bachelor’s degree or were lost to follow-up. The program was able to track 200 of the 214 students for education and career choices following graduation. Of these 200, 76% continued in postgraduate health-related education; 34.0% and 20.5% are enrolled in or have completed MD or PhD programs, respectively. Other postbaccalaureate pursuits included careers in pharmacy, optometry, dentistry, public health, physical therapy, nurse practitioner, and physician’s assistant, accounting for an additional 21.5%. Most students electing to stop formal education at the bachelor’s degree also entered fields related to health care or science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (19.5%), with only a small number of the 200 students tracked going into service or industries which lacked an association with the health-care workforce (4.5%). These student outcomes support the concept that participation in summer undergraduate research boosts efforts to populate the pipeline of future researchers and health professionals. It is also an indication that future researchers and health professionals will be able to communicate the value of research in their professional and social associations. The report also discusses best practices and issues in summer undergraduate research for students originating from rural environments.