Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mitogènes'
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Sall, Alhousseynou. "Mise en évidence de l'activité mitogène de l'oncogène BARF1 du virus d'Epstein Barr et de sa coopération avec l'oncogène cellulaire Bcl-2 dans la transformation maligne." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10150.
Full textContor, Laura S. "Phosphorylation des protéines dans la cellule thyroïdienne en réponse à divers agents mitogènes." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213342.
Full textCabrera, Pierre. "Contribution à l'étude de l'action du PMA (acétate myristate de phorbol) ou TPA (12-0- tétradécanoyl phorbol 13 acétate) sur les lymphocytes humains du sang périphérique." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1T158.
Full textYart, Armelle. "Etude de nouveaux effecteurs de l'activation de RAS en réponse à des stimuli mitogènes." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30024.
Full textJérome, Valérie. "Régulation de l'HSPgoalpha de poulet par des agents mitogènes et au cours du cycle cellulaire." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA11T014.
Full textMati, Abderrahmane. "Les proteo-peptones dans les laits bovins, ovin et carprin : isolement, caractérisation, origine et évolution de la fraction hydrophobe contenant le composant-3." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10100.
Full textAlbert, Philippe. "Contribution de la culture de cellules à l'étude du contrôle de la prolifération cellulaire au cours de la régénération du membre d'Axolotl (Amphibien Urodèle)." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10038.
Full textDuthille-Dhennin, Isabelle. "Rôle de la lactoferrine dans la maturation des cellules T : induction d'un signal de transduction aboutissant à l'expression du CD4 dans les cellules lymphoblastiques T Jurkat : effets comparatifs des lactoferrines humaine et bovine." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-284.pdf.
Full textEnfin, en utilisant des cellules jurkat deficientes en proteine lck, les cellules j. Cam1. 6, nous avons demontre que la kinase p56 l c k est necessaire a la regulation du cd4 par la lactoferrine. La derniere partie de nos travaux a consiste a comparer les effets des lactoferrines d'origine humaine et bovine sur certaines cellules du systeme immunitaire. Les deux proteines presentent les memes activites sur la cytotoxicite des cellules nk ( natural killer ) envers des lignees tumorales, et sur la regulation de la densite du cd4 a la surface des cellules jurkat. Par ailleurs, nos resultats indiquent que la proteine bovine regule l'expression du cd4 en stimulant egalement l'activite de la map kinase
Rescan, Claude. "Transduction des signaux morphogènes et mitogènes dans le contrôle de la progression en phase G1 de l'hépatocyte." Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN10021.
Full textTalarmin, Hélène. "Transduction des signaux mitogènes et contrôle de la progression en phase G1 des hépatocytes normaux et transformes." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10093.
Full textThiebaut, Nathalie-Agnès. "Facteurs de croissance plasmatiques humains de petit poids moléculaire (inferieur à 1000 da) (FCPPM) à activité mitogénique : études des interactions FCPPM/IGF et modes d'action au niveau cellulaire." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10425.
Full textPalupi, Nurheni Sri. "Modifications de la structure et des propriétés fonctionnelles de la beta-lactoglobuline au cours des traitements biotechnologiques : (doctorat génie biologique et médical)." Nancy 1, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/prive/SCDMED_T_2000_PALUPI_NURHENI_SRI.pdf.
Full textCapron, Loïc. "L'insuline est-elle athérogène? : contribution a l'étude des effets métaboliques et mitogènes de l'insuline sur la paroi artérielle." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA077027.
Full textExperimental and epidemiological data suggest that hyperinsulinaemia may enhance the development of atherosclerosis and diabetic macroangiopathy. We have studied the two main sets of experimental evidence for this "insulin hypothesis" of atherosclerosis. Metabolic evidence relies upon the fact that insulin stimulates the synthesis of lipids by the inner layers (intima and media) of the arterial wall, a tissue that is mainly composed of smooth muscle cells. This lipogenic action of insulin has been demonstrated in vivo, in whole animais submitted to hyperinsulinaemia, and in vitro, on cultured arterial smooth muscle cells. Yet, in vitro, the metabolism of freshly excised intima-media is not stimulated by insulin. We have not been able to elucidate this discrepancy : neither haemodynamic forces (present in vivo, but absent in vitro), nor the variable phenotype of smooth muscle cells (contractile in a normal artery, but synthetic in cultured cens or in a mechanicaily injured artery) have provided a satisfactory explanation. In addition to this paradox, according to the present views on the development of atherosclerosis, a lipogenic action on arteries cannot be definitely considered as an atherogenic action. Mitogenic evidence relies upon the fact that insulin stimulates the proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells, an event that appears to be crucial in atherogenesis. Such a mitogenic effect of insulin has only been reported by some authors working on cultured cells, using in most instances supraphysiological concentrations of the hormone. We have studied smooth muscle cell proliferation in vivo in normal and streptozotocin-diabetic rats, after an endothelial lesion of the thoracic aorta with a balloon-catheter. Under these conditions the mitogenic effect of insulin treatment is rather weak and reverses, becoming antimitogenic, if hypoglycaemia develops. According to these results and those that have been published so far by others, we conclude that a definite atherogenic action of insulin has not yet been firmly demonstrated. The epidemiological association between insulinaemia and arterial risk could be indirect, through intermediates that remain to be identified
Miquel, Fabre Françoise. "Propriétés érythroagglutinantes et mitogéniques d'une lectine (DLA) extraite de Dolichos Lablab L. Caractérisation de ses récepteurs membranaires impliqués dans la stimulation lymphocytaire." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON13504.
Full textLonguet, Christine. "Régulation des voies mitogéniques par les molécules modulant la concentration intracellulaire de calcium dans les cellules ß pancréatiques." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20221.
Full textPancreatic β cells represent the only cell type able to synthesize and secrete in regulated manner insulin, unique hypoglycemic hormone. A failure in there physiology leads to pathologic phenotypes such as diabetes. To prevent from this, β cells are regulated by a wide variety of factors in vivo. Regulation by G-protein coupled receptors is known and studied since a long time. More recently, it has been shown that signaling pathways engaged upon tyrosine kinase receptors activation by growth factors are key regulators of the β cell phenotype. Invalidation of these signaling pathways, known up to date to regulate proliferation/apoptosis balance, leads to a defect in glucose-induced insulin secretion. In addition, it is clear now that those pathways, including the ERK1/2 signaling cascade, can be transactivated in response to nutrients or peptides through G-protein coupled receptor. In those transactivation mechanisms, modification of the intracellular calcium concentration plays a key role. Thus, I have studied during my thesis the mechanisms of activation and the roles of ERK1/2 by glucose and GLP-1, 2 key regulators of pancreatic β cells physiology
Bertrand-Duchesne, Marie-Pierre. "Caractérisation et rôle des facteurs de croissance libérés par les plasmas riches en plaquette." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18345.
Full textMiller, Florence. "Mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires de la transcytose dans un modèle de barrière hémato-encéphalique in vitro." Artois, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ARTO0404.
Full textCerebral homeostasis is regulated by the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This barrier is located in brain capillaries endothelial cells, which possess some morphological and enzymatic properties. Cerebral endothelium firmly reduces passages between blood and brain. Carrier-mediated transport expressed in endothelial cells takes part in nutrient contribution to the brain. BBB properties come from brain vicinity and especially from glial cells. Using a BBB in vitro model, that consists in a coculture of brain capillary endothelial cells and glial cells, an in vivo status can be mimicked. In this in vitro model, a transcytosis way, that ensures blood-borne molecule transport into the brain, has been discovered. This transcytosis occurs in a receptor-dependent manner and electronic microscopy enables to observe specialized cellular vesicles involvement such as caveolae and cavesomes. The use of biochemical engineering (Western Blot, pharmacological inhibitors) demonstrates that this process is governed by p42-44 MAPK, which are themselves regulated by Protein Kinase C and Ras. These signalling events involved in the regulation of transcytosis seem to take place in caveolae as indicated by immuno-precipitates results. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying transcytosis will allow many curative prospects for brain illnesses
Wen, Xin Li. "Étude d'une lignée de cellules de hamster transformées chimiquement capables de croitre sans ancrage dans un milieu sans sérum ni mitogènes." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112001.
Full textLamotte, Françoise. "Caractérisation et purification de facteurs de petit poids moléculaire à activité mitogénique." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10428.
Full textCoutant, Alexandre. "Mécanismes impliqués dans la progression des hépatocytes en phase G1 : rôle de la motilité et des cascades MEK/ERK et P13K dans l'intégration des signaux mitogènes." Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN10022.
Full textLery, François-Xavier. "Synthèse et résolution enzymatique d'un analogue stable de la O-phosphotyrosine utilisable dans l'étude des phénomènes de phosphorylation associés à la transduction des signaux mitotiques." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P045.
Full textMati, Moulti Farida. "Étude de la beta-lactoglobuline bovine : 1) rôle de facteur de croissance dans des milieux de culture des cellules eucaryotes; 2) étude de récepteurs cellulaires a cette protéine; 3) étude immunologique d'epitopes." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10010.
Full textFernandez, Carla. "Tumeurs cérébrales pédiatriques et développement : aspects anatomo-cliniques : astrocytomes pilocytiques et DNT [Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor] : aspects fondamentaux." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX20685.
Full textBossard, Carine. "Etude de nouveaux partenaires protéiques du facteur de croissance fibroblastique 2 humain : translokine et FIB." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30062.
Full textFGF-2 is a growth factor with pleiotropic activities, known as a major angiogenic factor. Five FGF-2 isoforms of 18, 22, 22. 5, 24, and 34 kDa, synthesized through an alternative translational initiation process, are localized to different compartments in the cell or exported to the extracellular space. FGF-2 can thus act in a paracrine, autocrine or intracrine way. However, the molecular basis of its intracellular activities are poorly understood. In order to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying these activities, we used the two-hybrid system to identify new potential FGF-2 targets. Several selected clones encoded three unknown polypeptides which interact specifically with FGF-2 : a nuclear protein FIF, a cytoplasmic protein Translokin, and a fragment of a secreted protein Fib. My thesis project consisted in characterizing the function of Translokin and Fib and understanding their interaction with FGF-2. We have shown that Translokin is involved in the nuclear translocation of FGF-2, a process which is necessary for the mitogenic activity of the growth factor, and that Fib is a novel antiangiogenic factor as efficient as endostatin
Gilbert, Emmanuelle. "L'épissage alternatif comme mécanisme de contrôle de l'expression du gène codant pour le récepteur-2 aux facteurs de croissance des fibroblastes." Nantes, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NANT2096.
Full textAngelloz-Nicoud, Patricia. "Rôle de l'Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP-3) dans la prolifération autocrine des cellules PC-3 dérivées d'un adénocarcinome prostatique humain : implication de protéases." Compiègne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996COMPD889.
Full textDelmas, Christelle. "Modes de régulation de l'inhibiteur de CDKs, p27kip1, par les MAPKsp42/p44." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30006.
Full textChabaudie, Nadine. "Action des hypodermines sur le système immunitaire bovin." Tours, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOUR3802.
Full textBovine hypodermosis associated to an insect producing myasis is widely spread all over the herds of the northern hemisphere. Its economic incidence (on meat and leather production) had led to national programs of control. They are all based on chemotherapy. But, if very efficient molecules are not applicable to dairy cow due to their long lasting residue in milk. Howerver, a development of resistance to these antiparasitic molecules could be suspected. So a control by vaccination could be a alternative issue. The relationships between the parasite and the defense system of the host need to bu understood. In previous studies we have already demonstrated the antiinflammatory activity of the parasite secretions : hypodermins A, B and C. This study aimed to analyse the activity of these hypodermins on the bovine cellular and humoral responses. In vitro studiees : the lymphocytes co-cultivated with different mitogens and hypodermins modulate the proliferative response of lymphocytes to mitogens : hypodermin B increases this response, whereas hypodermins A and B decrease it. In vivo studies : lymphocytes from previously uninfested and infested cattle, receiving hypodermins A or C by injection and co-cultivated with mitogens confirm the in vitro inhibiting activity of hypodermin A, whereas hypodermin C does not modify the lymphoproliferation. Moreover, hypodermin A injections induce, on previously unfested and non unfested animals, a similar humoral and cellular response. Immunization of naive cattle with hypodermin A associated with different adjuvants leads to a low protection against natural infestation which do not reach 30%
Lucas, Bernadette. "Étude de la réponse cellulaire vis à vis des stades érythrocytaires au cours de l'infection de souris BALB/C par Plasmodium yoelii." Compiègne, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994COMPD708.
Full textChamond, Nathalie. "Quand un mitogène est une enzyme. ." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066048.
Full textBuquet-Fagot, Christine. "Régulation de la prolifération cellulaire et de l'expression génique liée à la phase G1 du cycle de la division cellulaire." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA11T001.
Full textGuitard, Estelle. "Etude de l'importance du domaine KH de la protéine P62/SAM68 dans la transduction du signal." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05P110.
Full textSanceau, Josiane. "Etude de l’expression du gène de l'interféron γ humain dans les lymphocytes activés et dans les cellules murines transformées." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA077146.
Full textCoatrieux, Christelle. "Monoamine oxydases et athérosclérose : signalisation mitogène et étude in vivo." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/38/.
Full textReactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the activation of pathways, such as cell proliferation and involved in the development of many diseases including atherosclerosis. Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) catalyze the oxidative deamination of biogenic amines, such as serotonin and tyramine. The degradation of biogenic amines by MAOs generates large amounts of ROS that may play a role in the signaling of these agents like cell proliferation. ROS generated by MAO-A activate a mitogenic pathway, the MMP2/sphingolipids pathway, involved in smooth muscle cell proliferation. This signalling is mimicked by exogenous hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, we report preliminary data on the mechanisms involved upstream the activation of MMP2 (which implicates furin and MT1-MMP). Lastly, the protective effect of MAO inhibitors was evaluated on an animal model for atherosclerosis, apoE-/- mice. This study indicated that hydrazinic MAO inhibitors were efficient in inhibiting the development of atherosclerotic lesions in apoE -/- mice, because of carbonyl scavenger properties and not due to their IMAO effect ; a non hydrazinic IMAO wasn't as protective. These data indicate that MAO-dependent oxidative stress is not involved in the formation of early atherosclerotic lesions, which doesn't exclude a role in advanced lesions. In conclusion, this work demonstrates a role of MAO-dependent oxidative stress in SMC proliferation, via a new stress-induced signalling mechanism, the MMP2/sphingolipid pathway
Bedel, Aurélie. "Signalisation mitogène des agents pro-athérogènes, implication de la voie béta-caténine." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU30149.
Full textCardiovascular diseases are an important healthcare problem. Atherosclerosis is the main etiology. During atherogenesis, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, and fibrous cape build-up are essential. In this study, we show for the first time E-cadherin/beta-catenin/Tcf4 pathway implication in human VSMC proliferation elicited by oxidized LDL. We highlight several mechanisms for ß-catenin activation by oxidized LDL: E-cadherin shedding, and dissociation of beta-catenin/E-cadherin complex and decrease of its proteasomal degradation. Metalloproteinases, sphingolipids pathway and tyrosine kinases, known to be activated by oxidized LDL, are implicated in this activation. These results on cell cultures are strengthening by immunohistochemistry staining with anti-active ß-catenin antibody on human carotid endarterectomies. These results establish an important role for ß-catenin activation in atherogenesis. In addition, we focus on mitogenic property of uPA, implicated in atherogenesis. We report that neutral sphingomyelinase-2 activation by uPA is mediated in a multi-protein complex with uPAR, MT1-MMP, MMP-2 and avß3 integrin. This complex formation seems to be necessary for ERK1/2 activation and cell proliferation induced by uPA. These data help us to better understand some aspects of atherosclerosis physiopathology
Tenenbaum, Mathie. "Rôle des Sérine/Thréonine Kinases dans la cellule bêta pancréatique." Thesis, Lille 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL2S011/document.
Full textPancreatic beta cell constantly tunes insulin production to meet the body needs. The insulin production adaptation is achieved thanks to highly adaptive beta cell metabolism, signaling, secretory machinery and mass. The beta-cell function and mass plasticity are particularly critical during nutritional, body growth and physiological changes such as obesity, pregnancy and postnatal development of newborn. Functional beta cell demise account for diabetes is one of the leading causes of death worldwide.In vertebrates, serine-threonine kinases (STKs) drive key signaling pathways for adaptive cells response to the environment. The overall goal of the thesis was to identify the signaling pathways responsible for the development of beta cell mass during postnatal development, pregnancy and obesity. Identification of these signaling pathways may help in understanding the functional beta cell mass demise induced by the diabetogenic environment (e.g oxidized LDL, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, etc.) in diabetic patients. By investigating beta cell mass plasticity in 10 day old neonate rats, we found a significant increase in the expression of Dual Leucine Zipper Kinase (DLK) protein when compared to islets from adult rats. In islets of pups, the increase of DLK expression coincides with a very high proliferative rate of beta cells and activation of "cJun-amino terminal Kinase 3" (JNK3) signaling, an STK belonging to “mitogen activated protein kinase” (MAPKs) family. As observed for DLK, in islets of rat pups, the genetic disruption of JNK3 drastically reduces the number of beta cells leading to glucose intolerance. Finally, we also observed that MAPKs link oxidized LDL to beta cell death via mechanisms involving endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress. Our results show the critical importance of MAPK signaling in controlling beta cell survival and proliferation in response to physiological condition and diabetes
Waly, Zahraa. "Identification de fractions mitogéniques dans le sérum fœtal bovin pour la prolifération des cellules précurseurs de muscle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23733.
Full textMaupas-Schwalm, Françoise. "Signalisation cellulaire mitogène des lipoprotéines oxydées et des activateurs du plasminogène : implication dans l'athérosclérose." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30113.
Full textSakka, Emna. "Étude de l'oncogène BARF1 codé par le virus Epstein Barr : fonction mitogène et localisation." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10215.
Full textBARF1, an oncogene encoded by Epstein-Barr virus expressed in 90% of NPC, possess immortalizing and transforming activity in various cell types. We focus our first part of work to study the effect and localization of p29 protein encoded by BARF1 in human epithelial HaCaT culture medium. The p29 protein showed its mitogenic activity resulting in cell cycle progression G1 to S phase. Expression de BARF in HaCaT cells induced malignant transformation in nude mice. Confocal and immunoelectron mcroscopy analysis showed its cytoplasmic and nuclear localization. In the second part of work, the efect of deletion and substitution mutants of BARB-1 was studied in rodent fibroblast Balb/c3T3. Its amino acid sequence between 31 and 56th was responsible to malignant transformation
Lacombe, Philippe. "Contribution a l'étude de l'immunodepréssion induite par les oxydants : relation entre l'état du glutathion (réduit et oxydé) des cellules lymphoïdes et leur réponse proliférative." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07F005.
Full textMontagner, Alexandra. "Etude de la phosphotyrosine phosphatase SHP2 : régulation de la voie mitogène Ras/MAPK et implication physiopathologique." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30114.
Full textThis work aims to understand the molecular mechanisms leading to the Ras/MAPK pathway induced by Epidermal Growth Factor. The activation of this signalling pathway requires tyrosine phosphorylation event, a process regulated by the tyrosine kinases (PTK) and phosphatases (PTP). If most of the PTP are implicated in the downregulation of signalling pathways, some of them are real activators as the PTPase SHP2 which plays a positive role in the Ras activation. We have shown that an important role of SHP2 in this activation is to regulate the recruitment of RasGAP, a Ras inhibitor, from signalling complexes so as to sustain its activation. In the second part of this work we have studied the biochemical and functional features of LEOPARD mutations of SHP2. This study has demonstrated that LEOPARD mutants display a reduced PTP activity both in vitro and in vivo and we have observed heterogeneity between the different mutants
Vidal, Michel. "Exploration à l'échelle moléculaire des domaines SH3 des protéines GAP et GRB2 dans les voies de transmission du signal mitogène." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P620.
Full textVacherot, Francis. "Étude de l'activité mitogène du facteur de croissance Heparin Affin Regulatory Peptide (HARP) et de son implication dans la physiologie et la physiopathologie de la prostate." Paris 12, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA120020.
Full textGoytia, Maïra. "Les racémases et épimérases d'acides aminés : l'exemple de la TcPRAC comme cible pour le développement d'une thérapie contre l'infection par Trypanosoma cruzi." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066214.
Full textTrypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas’ Disease affecting 20 million people in Latin America. Drugs available are inadequate, and the development of new therapeutic targets is essential. In this study, we focus on Proline Racemases of T. Cruzi (TcPRAC) that present mitogenic and racemic activities. We present proof of concept for TcPRAC as a drug target against Chagas’ Disease. TcPRAC is essential for the parasite, and is a virulence factor as its hyperexpression increases differentiation into infective forms and host cell’s invasion. The research demonstrates the definitive enzymatic mechanism for PRACs, and the dissociation of enzymatic activity, which relies on two catalytic residues per subunit, and the mitogenic acitivy, relying on conformational epitopes of the free enzyme. Furthermore, we show another PRAC enzyme and 5 new hydroxyproline epimerases, for which the sequence of the gene is published for the first time by our work, in 6 other pathogenic microorganisms. Analysis of the sequences allowed us to discriminate between the racemase and the epimerase activities
Bories, Phuong Nhi. "Production par les macrophages péritoneaux de souris stimulés par l'a1-glycoprotéine acide, d'un facteur inhibant l'activité de l'interleukine-1 dans l'essai co-mitogène : influence de la copule glycannique." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA114842.
Full textVoorzanger-Rousselot, Nathalie. "Rôle de l'IL-10 et du ligand de CD40 dans la physiopathologie des lymphomes non hodgkiniens : rôle mitogène, antiapoptotique et immunosuppresseur en association avec d'autres cytokines (l'IL-6, l'IL-2, le TNF)." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO1T083.
Full textNanoukon, Chimène Nadège Mahoussi. "Importance des staphylocoques à coagulase négative dans les infections primitives sévères : recherche de nouveaux facteurs de virulence." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ059/document.
Full textCoagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are generally considered as opportunistic pathogens with low virulence. However, previous studies have reported pathogenicity of some strains similar to that observed in S. aureus. This thesis aims to contribute to the importance of SCN in severe primitive infections. First, we evaluated the pathogenic potential of clinical CNS strains in Benin. To achieve this objective, CNS associated with various severe clinical infections were collected over at the Hubert Koutoukou Maga National Hospital and University Center in Cotonou. These strains are identified as well as their susceptibility to antibiotics and their ability to produce virulence factors. This part of the study showed that the most involved species in Benin are: S. haemolyticus and S. epidermidis followed by other species such as S. cohnii, S. sciuri, S. arlettae, S. capitis. We also demonstrated the multi-resistance of strains to antibiotics, as well as the presence of potential virulence factors such as protease, esterase, hemolysin, leukotoxin and, enterotoxin Staphylococcal C in 44% of strains tested particularly in hospital strains isolated from blood cultures. We, then, characterized a new virulence factor identified in two strains of S. epidermidis: staphylococcal enterotoxin C called SECepi, which was secreted at ~100 μg/mL in bacterial culture supernatants. The secepi gene consists of 801 bp corresponding to 266 amino acids. On the basis of the comparison between the peptide chain of SECepi and the already known peptide sequences of the SEC, we found that SECepi is close to SEC3 of S. aureus Mu3 strain with three amino acids substitutions in the signal peptide and nine amino acid substitutions in the mature protein. However, most residues involved in formation of the tri-molecular complex CMH-SEC-TCR are conserved in SECepi. Analysis of the recombinant protein (rSECepi) revealed antigenic relationships and a strong structural homology is predicted with SECaureus. Moreover, this toxin exhibits the biological activities characteristic of a SAg including the stimulation of the mitogenicity and the concomitant production of high doses of pro-inflammatory and suppressive cytokines in activated human T lymphocytes. Moreover, SECepi is resistant to heating at 100 °C and digestion by gastrointestinal enzymes such as pepsin and trypsin. These results provide evidence that SECepi can act as a superantigen in humans although the wild type has several mutations in S. epidermidis. The study of the medical record of one of the patients showed that the enterotoxin produced by the strain of S. epidermidis might be at the origin of severity of the clinics presented at hospital admission. Finally, genomic analysis of the two toxigenic S. epidermidis strains confirms the varied possibilities of genetic exchange between this species and S. aureus. This thesis underscores the importance of monitoring CNS infections in humans because some strains, like S. aureus, produce virulence factors that can aggravate the overall host condition
Bachy, Delhomme Monique. "La leucémie lymphoïde chronique à cellules B : aspects cytogénétiques et moléculaires (réarrangements des oncogènes BCL-1 et BCL-2) à propos de 50 patients." Saint-Etienne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STET002T.
Full textGarcía, Olivas Raquel Imelda. "Interacción de los glicosaminoglicanos con las isoformas de PDGF-A y -B, La. Su importancia funcional en la proliferación y migración de las células musculares lisas." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/839.
Full textEn el trabajo de esta tesis doctoral nos planteamos los objetivos siguientes:
- Caracterizamos la unión de las isoformas de PDGF a las diferentes especies de glicosaminoglicanos utilizando los clones de células CHO que presentan diferencias en la expresión de glicosaminoglicanos y en las hASMC (células musculares lisas provenientes de arteria humana).
- Estudiamos el efecto de las diferentes isoformas de PDGF en la mitogénesis y migración en las hASMC. En este último punto, estudiamos el efecto de las isoformas de PDGF en cuanto a la inducción de la migración al azar (quimiocinesis) y la migración dirigida (quimiotaxis) hacia los factores de crecimiento.
- Analizar la importancia de la interacción de las isoformas de PDGF con los glicosaminoglicanos en la activación de la mitogénesis y migración inducida por el PDGF en las hASMC. Con este fin, utilizamos la heparina como competidor soluble de la interacción con los glicosaminoglicanos e inhibidores de la sulfatación y de la síntesis de los glicosaminoglicanos.
Los resultados de este trabajo nos permiten concluir que:
- Las isoformas de PDGF de cadena larga (y principalmente el PDGF-A de cadena larga) que presentan la secuencia de unión a glicosaminoglicanos presentan mayor afinidad de unión a la membrana de las células CHO y hASMC.
- Las isoformas de PDGF de cadena larga se unen a glicosaminoglicanos de tipo heparán sulfatos y a glicosaminoglicanos de tipo condroitín sulfatos. Las isoformas de PDGF de cadena corta se unen principalmente a heparán sulfatos.
- El PDGF-B de cadena corta es la isoforma de PDGF que activa en mayor grado la mitogénesis, quimiotaxis y quimiocinesis en las hASMC.
- La heparina y el clorato sódico (inhibidor de la sulfatación de los glicosaminoglicanos) inhiben de forma parcial y dependiente de concentración la mitogénesis de las hASMC activada por los factores del suero. La heparina también inhibe de forma parcial y dependiente de concentración la quimiotaxis de las hASMC inducida por los factores del suero.
- La heparina inhibe en mayor grado la quimiotaxis que la mitogénesis de las hASMC activada por el PDGF-B de cadena corta.
- La mitogénesis de las hASMC activada por las isoformas de PDGF se inhibe principalmente por el clorato sódico y beta-xilósido (inhibidores de la sulfatación y de las síntesis de glicosaminoglicanos respectivamente).
En consecuencia, estos resultados sugieren que la secuencia codificada por el exón 6 de unión a glicosaminoglicanos presenta importancia en la inmovilización y retención de las isoformas de PDGF por parte de los glicosaminoglicanos de la superficie y de la matriz extracelular. Las isoformas de PDGF de cadena corta que no presentan la secuencia de unión a glicosaminoglicanos presentan mayor efecto inductor de la proliferación y migración de las células musculares lisas.
Sarem, Mahrou. "Identification dans les sérums de mammifères de peptides (MW< 1000 DA) à activité mitogénique : influence de ces peptides sur les activités biologiques des IGF1 et IGF2." Nancy 1, 2000. https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/tel-01746897.
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