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Journal articles on the topic 'Mitragyna inermis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 May 2024

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1

Umar, Ibrahim, Lamido Auwalu, Ali Zakari, Ibrahim Fatima, Yahaya Umar Kubura, and Talatu Dibilang Justina. "Evaluation of Tree Species Composition for Sustainable Eco-Tourism Development of Maladumba Lake and Forest Reserve, Bauchi-Nigeria." European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 2, no. 1 (February 3, 2021): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejbio.2021.2.1.141.

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Ecotourism refers to travelling to relatively undisturbed or uncontaminated natural areas, such as protected areas, with the aim of studying, admiring, and enjoying the scenery and the faunal and floral composition along with its existing cultural aspects. This paper evaluated Tree species composition of Maladumba Lake and Forest Reserve, Bauchi-Nigeria for sustainable eco-tourism development. Wandering quarter method of vegetation analysis was employed for the study where five sampling sites were studied to determine species richness, percentage frequency, basal area, relative density, relative dominance, importance value indices, mean distance between trees, mean area of trees and number of individual stem per hectare of tree species encountered. Results obtained indicated total of eighteen different Tree species in the protected area with Mitragyna inermis (126732.9 cm), Adansonia digitata (31714.9 cm), Balanites aegyptiaca (29727.3 cm), and Piliostigma thonningii (28697.7 cm) as species with the highest basal area. While Funtumia elastica presented the highest frequency of occurrence (80%) followed by Acacia nilotica, Anogeissus leiocarpus, Balanites aegyptiaca and Cassia singueeana with 60% each. Relative densities of Mitragyna inermis (18.1%) stood as the highest, followed by Funtumia elastica (16.6%) and Balanites aegyptiaca (12.5%). Relative dominance suggested Mitragyna inermis (18.1%) with the highest value seconded by Adansoni digitata (12.4%) and Balanites aegyptiaca (11.7%). Mitragyna inermis (49.8) had the highest IVI followed by Balanites aegyptiaca (24.4) then Piliostigma thonningii (11.7). Very low values of mean distance between trees (6.9 m), mean area occupied by individual trees (47.6 m), and density of trees per hectare (210) suggested sparsely populated vegetation cover in the protected area. It was concluded that Maladumba Lake and Forest Reserve is under serious deforestation. As an Ecotourism attraction, serious reforestation program was recommended to salvage the situation before the whole protected lose its value.

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2

Cheng, Zhi-Hong, Bo-Yang Yu, and Xiu-Wei Yang. "27-Nor-triterpenoid glycosides from Mitragyna inermis." Phytochemistry 61, no. 4 (October 2002): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00244-3.

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3

Onakpa, M. M. "Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory And Analgesic Activities of Methanolic Extract of Mitragyna Inermis." Journal of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/jvbs/8102.10.0201.

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Inflammation is a pervasive phenomenon elicited by the body in response to obnoxious stimuli as a protective measure. However, a sustained inflammation lead to several diseases including cancer therefore the necessity to neutralize inflammation is paramount. Mitragyna inermis is a medicinal plant traditionally used as a medicine in Ayurveda and other folk systems of medicine. It is commonly used to treat inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. Despite this fact its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects have not been evaluated scientifically. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of M. inermis were studied in Wistar rats by different methods. The hot plate, acetic acid, and tail immersion tests were used to evaluate the analgesic activity whereas paw edema model for acute inflammation using egg albumin were used to study the anti-inflammatory activity. The administration of 250 and 300 mg/kg to rats reduced pain and inflammation indicating that M. inermis possesses analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The maximum analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities were observed in rats receiving 300 mg/kg of M. inermis extract. This study indicates that methanolic extract of M. inermis possess both anti-inflammatory and analgesic activiti

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4

Ouédraogo, Relwendé Justin, Umair Aleem, Lassina Ouattara, Muhammad Nadeem-ul-Haque, Georges Anicet Ouédraogo, Humera Jahan, and Farzana Shaheen. "Inhibition of Advanced Glycation End-Products by Tamarindus indica and Mitragyna inermis Extracts and Effects on Human Hepatocyte and Fibroblast Viability." Molecules 28, no. 1 (January 2, 2023): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010393.

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Tamarindus indica and Mitragyna inermis are widely used by herbalists to cure diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study is to investigate the inhibitory potential of aqueous and various organic solvent fractions from both plants and some isolated compounds against advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). For this purpose, an in vitro BSA–fructose glycation model was used to evaluate the inhibition of AGE formation. Furthermore, the effects of the fractions on mouse fibroblast (NIH-3T3) and human hepatocyte (HepG2) survival were evaluated. The leaf, stem, and root fractions of both plants exhibited significant inhibition of AGEs formation. The IC50 values appeared to be less than 250 µg/mL; however, all fractions presented no adverse effects on NIH-3T3 up to 500 µg/mL. Otherwise, our phytochemical investigation afforded the isolation of a secoiridoid from the Mitragyna genus named secoiridoid glucoside sweroside (1), along with three known quinovic acid glycosides: quinovic acid-3β-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), quinovic acid-3-O-β-d-6-deoxy-glucopyranoside, 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (3), and quinovic acid 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(4→1)-β-d-glucopyranoside (4). In particular, 1–3 are compounds which have not previously been described in Mitragyna inermis roots. However, the isolated compounds did not exhibit AGE inhibitory activity. Further investigation on these potent antiglycation fractions may allow for the isolation of new antidiabetic drug candidates.

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5

Ouédraogo, Sylvin, Hantamalala Ralay Ranaivo, Mamadou Ndiaye, Z. Issaka Kaboré, I. Pierre Guissou, Bernard Bucher, and Ramaroson Andriantsitohaina. "Cardiovascular properties of aqueous extract from Mitragyna inermis (wild)." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 93, no. 2-3 (August 2004): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.04.002.

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6

Toure, H., G. Balansard, A. M. Pauli, and A. M. Scotto. "Pharmacological investigation of alkaloids from leaves of Mitragyna inermis (Rubiaceae)." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 54, no. 1 (October 1996): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(96)01446-8.

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7

Donfack, Erik V., Bruno N. Lenta, Michel D. T. Kongue, Yannick F. Fongang, Silvère Ngouela, Etienne Tsamo, Birger Dittrich, and Hartmut Laatsch. "Naucleactonin D, an Indole Alkaloid and other Chemical Constituents from Roots and Fruits of Mitragyna inermis." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 67, no. 11 (November 1, 2012): 1159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/znb.2012-0115.

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Phytochemical investigation of the roots and fruits of Mitragyna inermis (Rubiaceae) resulted in the isolation of a new indole alkaloid, named naucleactonin D (1), together with fourteen known compounds: nauclefiline (2), naucleficine (3), nauclefidine (4), angustoline (5), angustine (6), barbinervic acid (7), quinovic acid 3-O-a-L-rhamnopyranoside (8), betulinic acid (9), a mixture of ursolic (10) and oleanolic acid (11), a mixture of stigmasterol and b-sitosterol, b-sitosterol 3-O- b-D-glucopyranoside, and strictosamide (12) as the major compound. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with published data. No 13C NMR data for 2 and 3 exist in the literature and compounds 2, 3, 5, 7, and 12 are reported for the first time from the genus Mitragyna. The crude extract and isolated compounds were tested in vitro for their preliminary cytotoxicity against brine shrimps (Artemia salina).

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8

Onakpa, Monday M., Chiazor G. Ezugwu, Julius O. Ode, and Peter O. Ajagbonna. "Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic properties of Mitragyna inermis extract." Proceedings for Annual Meeting of The Japanese Pharmacological Society WCP2018 (2018): PO3–10–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jpssuppl.wcp2018.0_po3-10-6.

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9

Akpegnon, Amékaéli Casimir. "Flore et écologie de la partie centrale du Bassin de Zio dans un contexte de pression foncière au Togo." Revue Ecosystèmes et Paysages 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.59384/recopays.tg3203.

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La création d’un nouveau jardin botanique universitaire à Kovié (commune Zio 2-Togo) fait partie des engagements des autorités universitaires à contribuer à l’atteinte des ODD. Ainsi, cette recherche vise à contribuer à une meilleure gestion et planification des potentialités écologiques du périmètre affecté à cet effet. Des in-ventaires floristiques, forestiers, régénération et écologiques ont été réalisés sur trente-six (36) placettes de 1000 m2. L’analyse rapide de l’occupation du sol révèle que le nouveau site du jardin est constitué de forêt (2,80 %), savane boisée (35,97 %), savane arbustive/arborée (14,36 %), et savane herbeuse (3,13 %). Un total de 120 espèces réparties en 112 genres et 51 familles ont été recensées. Mitragyna inermis (30,56 %), Lonchocarpus sericeus (30,56 %), Lannea acida (30,56%), et Terminalia avicennioides (19,44 %) sont les espèces les plus fréquentes. Les espèces hémicryptophytes (15,13%), mésophanérophytes (15,13%), les espèces afrotropi-cales (13,09%) et soudano-zambezienne (13,09%) sont les plus abondantes. Quatre groupements phytosociologiques ont été discriminés : Mitragyna inermis et Lon-chocarpus sericeus, Pseudocedrela kotschyi et Sarcocephalus latifolius, Vitellaria paradoxa et Terminalia avicennioides et le groupement à Sporobolus pyramidalis et Hexalobus monopetalus. Le potentiel de régénération naturelle est estimé à 78,70%. Ces informations peuvent guider les décideurs et les acteurs sur le terrain dans la mise en place de mesures de conservation et d'exploitation durable. L'objec-tif est d'améliorer le niveau de vie et les revenus de la population.

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10

SAMBARE, Oumarou, Salfo SAVADOGO, Issaka OUÉDRAOGO, and Adjima THIOMBIANO. "Ecologie et diversité des forêts galeries et des savanes adjacentes du secteur sud-soudanien du Burkina Faso (Afrique de l’Ouest)." Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 45, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 7992–8009. http://dx.doi.org/10.35759/janmplsci.v45-3.4.

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Cette étude fait une description de l’écologie et de la diversité biologique des forêts galeries et des savanes adjacentes du secteur sud-soudanien du Burkina Faso. Elle montre également l’importance des forêts galeries dans la conservation de la biodiversité. Les données ont été collectées sur la base de relevés phytososiologiques, à travers un échantionnage systématique et stratifié. Les inventaires ont été réalisés suivant 3 à 5 transects perpendiculaires au cours d’eau principal. Les sites échantillonnés sont en majorité dans des aires protégées. Pour la discrimination des groupements végétaux, des analyses multivariées par ordination et par classification hiérarchique ont été realisées. L’identification des espèces caractéristiques s’est faite par la méthode de Indicator Species Analysis à travers le logiciel PCORD version 4.10. Ces analyses ont permis la discrimination des groupements végétaux. Des indices de diversité ont été calculés pour mieux caractériser ces groupements végétaux. Huit (08) groupements au total ont été discriminés. Chaque groupement végétal est caractérisé par sa richesse spécifique, la hauteur moyenne des espèces, son taux de recouvrement moyen, son nombre moyen d’espèces par relevé, ses indices de diversité, ses espèces caractéristiques et ses types biologiques. Le groupement à Mitragyna inermis est le moins diversifié. Mitragyna inermis constitue l’espèce dominante de ce groupement. Les écosystèmes des berges présentent une grande diversité végétale. Les types biologiques dominants dans les forêts galeries sont les thérophytes et les hémicryptophytes. La description de ces groupements végétaux est d’une importance capitale pour la recherche et pour les actions de restaurations écologiques des forêts galeries. 7992 Sambare et al., 2020 Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences (J.Anim.Plant Sci. ISSN 2071-7024) Vol.45 (3): 7992-8009 https://doi.org/10.35759/JAnmPlSci.v45-3.4 ABSTRACT This study describes the ecology and biodiversity of riparian forests and adjacent savannas in the southern Sudanian sector of Burkina Faso. It also shows the importance of riparian forests in the conservation of biodiversity. The data were collected on the basis of phytososiological surveys, through systematic and stratified sampling. Inventories were carried out along 3 to 5 transects perpendicular to the main watercourse. The majority of the sampled sites are in protected areas. For the discrimination of plant communities, multivariate analyzes by ordination and by hierarchical classification were carried out. The identification of the characteristic species was done by the method of Indicator Species Analysis through the PCORD software version 4.10. These analyzes have enabled plant communities to be discriminated. Diversity indices were calculated to better characterize these plant communities. Eight (08) plant communities have been discriminated. Each plant communities is characterized by its specific richness, the average height of the species, its average recovery rate, its average number of species per survey, its diversity indices, its species, its biological types. The communities of Mitragyna inermis is the least diverse. Mitragyna inermis is the dominant species in this community. The ecosystems of the banks have a great diversity of plants. The most dominant biological types in riparian forests are therophytes and hemicryptophytes. The description of these plant communities is important for research and for ecological restoration actions in riparian forests.

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11

Vouffo, Erik Donfack, Clovis Douanla-Meli, Angelbert Fusi Awantu, Bruno Ndjakou Lenta, Sylvère Ngouela, Etienne Tsamo, and Hartmut Laatsch. "New Metabolites From the Endophytic Fungus Cercophora samala Associated With Mitragyna inermis." Natural Product Communications 16, no. 5 (May 2021): 1934578X2110132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x211013220.

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Two new natural products, mitrafungidione (1) elucidated as prototrop-isomers of ( R-3-acetyl-5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-5 H-furan-2-one, and maristachone F (2a), elucidated as 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-3-methoxy-2-methylphenol, together with 5 known compounds have been isolated from the solid cultures of an endophytic fungus associated with Mitragyna inermis (Rubiaceae) and identified as Cercophora samala. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis and by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. The absolute configuration of 1 and 2a were determined by extensive DFT calculations.

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12

Aguree, Sylvenus, Samson Abah Abagale, and Isaac Sackey. "Phytochemical profiling and antioxidant potential of aqueous and ethereal extracts of elephants’ feeds in the savannah ecological zone of Ghana." International Journal of Advanced Chemistry 12, no. 1 (January 6, 2024): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/8kk1n786.

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This study reports on the phytochemical profiles and antioxidant properties of aqueous and ethereal crude extracts of Cassia sieberiena root, Ficus platyphylla stembark, Terminalia laxiflora root, and leaves, Tamarindus indica fruits, Kigelia africana root and Mitragyna inermis stembark as Elephants feed. Standard and approved methods were employed in this study. The phytochemical constituents detected included alkaloids, saponins, anthraquinones, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and triterpenoids. The IC50s were 115 µg/mL and 7865 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Mitragyna inermis. 77.29 µg/mL and 1564 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Ficus platyphylla, 5352 µg/mL and 7843 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Terminalia Laxiflora, 8.963 µg/mL and 1253 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Cassia sieberiena, 10423µg/mL and 12645 µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Kigelia africana, 1339 µg/mL and 2653µg/mL for aqueous and ethereal extracts of Tamarindus indica and 3.819 µg/mL for gallic acid (control). Cassia sieberiena root aqueous extract had the highest total phenol content of 62.36 ± 6.18 with a corresponding total antioxidant capacity of 289.0 ± 6.642 and the lowest total phenol content of 1.543±2.76 was detected in ethereal extract of Terminalia laxiflora leaves with a corresponding total antioxidant capacity of 241.3±4.04. The aqueous extracts possess stronger DPPH scavenging abilities compared to the ethereal extracts for all samples studied. These findings revealed the health-supporting potentials of these elephant feeds. The finding is also a guide to the managers of our zoos and National parks on the importance of natural feeding in wildlife.

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Ouédraogo, Relwendé Justin, Martin Bienvenu Somda, Lassina Ouattara, Windmi Kagambega, Paulin Ouoba, and Georges Anicet Ouédraogo. "EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT AND Α-AMYLASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITIES OF Mitragyna inermis (WILLD) O. KUNTZE AND Tamarindus indica LINN." Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 8, no. 5 (October 25, 2020): 676–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18006/2020.8(5).676.682.

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The current study was conducted to explore the antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential of Tamarindus (T.) indica and Mitragyna(M.) inermis aqueous leaves extracts. Along with this, the estimation of available total phenolics and total flavonoids contents was also carried out to establish the scientific background of the antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential of used plants. For estimation of total phenolics and total flavonoids contents, Folin-ciocalteu and Aluminium chloride (AlCl3) colorimetric method was used respectively. Antioxidant activity of prepared aqueous extracts was determined by various in vitro assays such as DPPH•, ABTS•+, FRAP assay while for the determining anti-diabetic potential of two used aqueous extracts plants, α-amylase inhibition assay was performed using the 3,5- dinitrosalicylic acid method. The results of the current study suggested that the aqueous extracts of both species have similar polyphenol content while in the case of flavonoid content, it was reported higher in T. indica leaves (9.90 mg QE/100 mg extract) and this is significantly different (p˂0.001) from the aqueous leaves extract of M. inermis. The results revealed that both plant extracts effectively scavenged DPPH and ABTS radical which suggested the strong antioxidant potential of used extracts. Besides, plant extracts also exhibited higher Fe (III) reducing activities. When these results were compared with standard treatment, highly significant difference was reported at 10 mg/ml extract doses (p˂0.001). Both leaf extracts exhibit remarkable α-amylases inhibitory activity, this was reported 89.55% with T. indica while 75.65% with M. inermis at 10 mg/mL extract. Hence leaves extracts of selected plants have significant antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential which justify the use of these two plants in traditional remedies. Further works are necessary for the isolation, characterization, and identification of active antioxidant and anti-diabetic molecules from the aqueous extracts of T. indica and M. inermis, which may serve as a potential natural source of antioxidant and anti-diabetes.

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14

Sani, I., S. A. Jega, B. M. Danbare, F. Bello, A. Abdulhamid, A. Abubakar, and H. A. Shindi. "Antibacterial Activities of Some Medicinal Plants on Common Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Isolates from Some Patients Attending Federal Medical Center, Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria." Journal of Biotechnology Research, no. 81 (March 4, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jbr.81.1.6.

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Bacterial infections are among the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development of drug resistance to most antibiotics by bacterial species are pandemic, these necessitate the urgent need to search for new antibacterial drugs from the natural sources. Hence this research was aimed at evaluating the antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants on the most commonly drug resistant bacterial isolates from some patients attending Federal Medical Center (FMC) Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria. An ethno-botanical survey was carried out within Zuru Emirate and three (3) plant samples (Lonchocarpus laxiflorus root, Mitragyna inermis root and Lawsonia inermis root) were selected based on their number of citations and limited number of reported researches on the antibacterial activities of their roots. The multidrug resistant bacterial strains (Staplococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Psuedomonas aeruginosa) obtained from FMC, Birnin Kebbi, were taken from nutrient agar slant and sub-cultured in nutrient agar plates. The antibacterial activities of the root methanol extracts of the plants were evaluated using agar-well diffusion method. Tube dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of each plant extract. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts was conducted using standard methods. Alkaloids, Flavaniods, Steriods, Tannins, saponnins and Phenols, were detected in L. laxiflorus root methanol extract, Flavaniods were absent in L. inermis and Alkaloids in M. inermis root methanol extracts. The plant extracts and their combinations showed varying degrees of antibacterial activities on the test isolates. The root methanol extracts of L. laxiflorus, L. inermis, L. laxiflorus/L. inermis, L. laxiflorus/M. inermis and L. inermis/M. inermis roots presented significant increase (p<0.05) in the zone of inhibition against S. aureus. Extracts of L. laxiflorus root, L. inermis root and combination of M. inermis root were able to suppress the growth of P. aeruginosa at lower dose of 25mg/ml. The antibacterial activity revealed that, the extracts exhibited dose dependent effect. L. inermis root had the highest activity and least MIC value of 12.5mg/ml against all the tested isolates. Thus, this research justified the use of these plants in traditional medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections and can also be considered as potential sources for development of new antibacterial agents that may be more effective, safe and readily accessible than the current antibiotics.

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15

Ouedraogo, Yamba, Innocent Pierre Guissou, and Odile Germaine Nacoulma. "Biological and Toxicological Study of Aqueous Root Extract from Mitragyna inermis (Willd oktze) Rubiaceae." International Journal of Pharmacology 3, no. 1 (December 15, 2006): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2007.80.85.

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Toklo, Placide Mahougnan, Géorcelin G. Alowanou, Steven Collins N. Wouamba, Fidèle M. Assogba, Mathias A. Ahomadegbe, Amoussatou Sakirigui, Bruno Ndjakou Lenta, et al. "UPLC-QToF-ESI-MS identification and anthelmintic activity of Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) Kuntze (Rubiaceae)." Heliyon 9, no. 6 (June 2023): e16448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16448.

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Abdulhamid, Abubakar, Angela Nnenna Ukw, Zayyanu Besse Umar, Abdulhamid Zubairu, Ibrahim Sani, and Isah Musa Fakai. "Protective Effects of Mitragyna inermis Roots Methanol Extract on Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatic Injuries in Wistar Rats." Journal of Medical Sciences 22, no. 1 (January 15, 2022): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jms.2022.13.21.

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Sy, Guata Yoro, Aminata Sarr, Amadou Moctar Dièye, and Babacar Faye. "Myorelaxant and antispasmodic effects of the aqueous extract of Mitragyna inermis barks on Wistar rat ileum." Fitoterapia 75, no. 5 (July 2004): 447–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2004.03.006.

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19

Monjanel-Mouterde, S., F. Traoré, M. Gasquet, F. Dodero, F. Delmas, J. F. Ikoli, A. M. Lorec, et al. "Lack of toxicity of hydroethanolic extract from Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) O. Kuntze by gavage in the rat." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 103, no. 3 (February 2006): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.08.028.

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Zumbes, H.J., Babalola, O.B., Nanle, C.D., Katnap, R.S., David, E.V., Anejo-Okopi, A.J., Dabo, D.A., Gokir, J.D., and Nvau, J.B. "Antibacterial Potency of Combined Extracts of Mitragyna inermis (Linn) and Monotes kerstingii (Linn) on Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A and Its In vivo Toxicity against Swiss Albino Mice." UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR) 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.1721.019.

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The phytochemical screening, antibacterial and toxicological effect of the extracts of Monotes kerstingii (Linn) and Mitragyna inermis (wild) extracts were investigated. The plant extracts were prepared by cold maceration method using water and ethanol and screened against Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphy A using the agar well diffusion method. The LD50 of the extract was determined using Locke’s method. Phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of Carbohydrates, Cardiac glycosides, Steroids, Anthraquinones, Resins, Saponins, Flavonoids Tannins and Alkaloids in both plant extracts. The combined ethanol and aqueous plant extracts shows activity against S. Typhi with diameter of zones of inhibition ranging from 14.00 mm and 15-24 mm respectively. The combined extracts were also active against S. Paratyphi A with diameter of zones of inhibition ranging from 10-24mm and 11-26 mm for ethanol and aqueous extracts respectively. Toxicity studies of the combined extracts revealed that the plant was well tolerated at 5000mg/kg body weight. These results suggest that the plant may be exploited for therapeutic purposes.

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A. K., Azlina, M. H. Mamat, Che Soh, Z. H., M. F. A. Rahman, N. A. Othman, Marina M., Syarifah Adilah M. Y., and M. H. Abdullah. "MITRAGYNA SPECIOSA DYE SENSITISER AS THE LIGHT-HARVESTING MOLECULES FOR DYE-SENSITISED SOLAR CELLS." Jurnal Teknologi 85, no. 1 (December 2, 2022): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v85.18695.

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In this study, natural dye sensitisers derived from ketum (Mitragyna speciosa-MS), spinach (Spinacia oleracea-SO), curry (Murraya koenigii-MK), papaya (Carica papaya-CP), and henna (Lawsonia inermis-LI) were investigated for dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs). Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Open-Circuit Voltage Decay (OCVD) and Current to Voltage (I-V) were used to analyse the natural dye and the fabricated DSSC. It was observed that all dye solutions contain the majority of important functional groups of chlorophyll-based sensitisers, which is crucial for the dye-to-TiO2 (Titanium (II) Oxide) attachment, making them suitable sources of energy harvesting pigments. In this regard, the dye pH and chemical bonding of the respective dyes play a significant role that contribute to the overall performance of the DSSCs. It was discovered that a dye based on MK provided the best DSSC performance. This is because MK-based dye has higher content of functional groups, an optimal pH, and the slowest properties of back electron recombination among the OCVD measurements. Because of the combination of these properties, the open-circuit voltage (VOC), short-circuit current density (JSC), and power conversion efficiency (PCE) values have been determined to be 0.58 V, 2.48 mA/cm2, and 0.47%, respectively.

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Sinou, Veronique, Julien Fiot, Nicolas Taudon, Joël Mosnier, Maryse Martelloni, Sok S. Bun, Daniel Parzy, and Evelyne Ollivier. "High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the quantification of Mitragyna inermis alkaloids in order to perform pharmacokinetic studies." Journal of Separation Science 33, no. 12 (April 30, 2010): 1863–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201000008.

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Donfack, Erik V., Bruno N. Lenta, Michel D. T. Kongue, Yannick F. Fongang, Silvere Ngouela, Etienne Tsamo, Birger Dittrich, and Hatmurt Laatsch. "ChemInform Abstract: Naucleactonin D, an Indole Alkaloid and other Chemical Constituents from Roots and Fruits of Mitragyna inermis." ChemInform 44, no. 12 (March 14, 2013): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201312198.

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Placide Mahougnan, Toklo, Yayi Eleonore, Sakirigui Amoussatou, Alowanou Goue Georcelin, Assogba Mahoudo Fidele, Kakpo Blandine, Hounzangbe Adote Sylvie, and Gbenou Joachim Djimon. "PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO EFFECT OF WATERY TRITURATED EXTRACT OF MITRAGYNA INERMIS (WILLD.) KUNTZ (RUBIACEAE) ON HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS." International Journal of Advanced Research 7, no. 12 (December 31, 2019): 762–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/10206.

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Asase, Alex, Tetsuo Kokubun, Renée J. Grayer, Geoffrey Kite, Monique S. J. Simmonds, Alfred A. Oteng-Yeboah, and George T. Odamtten. "Chemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants from Ghana: Cassia sieberiana, Haematostaphis barteri, Mitragyna inermis and Pseudocedrela kotschyi." Phytotherapy Research 22, no. 8 (July 10, 2008): 1013–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2392.

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Zongo, C., Etienne-Francois O. Akomo, A. Savadogo, Louis Clement Obame, Jean Koudou, and Alfred S. Traore. "In vitro Antibacterial Properties of Total Alkaloids Extract from Mitragyna Inermis (Willd.) O. Kuntze, a West African Traditional Medicinal Plant." Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 8, no. 2 (February 1, 2009): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ajps.2009.172.177.

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Tchetan, Esaïe, Erick V. B. Azando, Pascal A. Olounladé, Géorcelin G. Alowanou, and Sylvie M. Hounzangbé-Adoté. "In vitro effects of tannin and extracts of Bridelia ferruginea and Mitragyna inermis on the exsheathment of infective larvae of Haemonchuscontortus." International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23144599.2020.1837056.

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Honvou, Sylvanus Hanania Sèton, Boya André Aboh, Clément Sewade, Oscar Teka, Bernard Christophe Gandonou, Madjidou Oumorou, and Brice Sinsin. "Diversité floristique, structure et distribution des groupements végétaux des parcours d’accueil des transhumants dans la Basse et Moyenne Vallée de l’Ouémé au Bénin." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 15, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v15i1.8.

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La perte de la biodiversité végétale, liée à la dégradation des parcours est l’un des défis pour les pays d’accueil des transhumants. La présente étude visait à analyser les caractéristiques structurales et la diversité floristique des groupements végétaux dans la Basse et Moyenne Vallée de l’Ouémé (BMVO). Les données phytosociologiques, collectées dans 113 relevés selon la méthode de Braun-Blanquet (1932), ont été soumises à une DCA avec le logiciel R 3.3.2. Ainsi, 173 espèces regroupées dans 127 genres et 45 familles ont été recensées. Au total, 4 groupements végétaux ont été identifiés : les groupements GI à Andropogon gayanus var squamulatus et Mitragyna inermis ; GII à Paspalum notatum et Aeollanthus pubescens ; GIII à Panicum maximum et Calopogonium mucunoides et le groupement végétal GIV à Tridax procumbens et Daniellia oliveri. La diversité floristique est liée à la topographie, la nature du sol et son humidité, et l’intensité d’exploitation des terres. Les thérophytes et les phanérophytes ont été les plus abondants dans tous les groupements. Par contre, les hémicryptophytes ont été plus dominants dans le groupement GI. Les espèces à large distribution et à distribution continentale ont été plus abondantes et dominantes dans tous les groupements. Cette recherche servira de base pour l’analyse de la dynamique de la végétation des terres de parcours de la BMVO. Mots clés : Parcours, facteurs écologiques, types biologiques, types phytogéographiques, Bénin.

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Sangare, MaximeMachioud, JeanMarc Ategbo, EugeneSelidji Attakpa, JeanRobert Klotoe, FelixF D. Guinnin, AbdoulayeIssotina Zibrila, and KarimLaye Dramane. "PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND TOXICOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF STEM BARK OF MITRAGYNA INERMIS (WILD) O. KUNDZE (RUBIACEAE), A TRADITIONAL MEDICINE PLANT." International Journal of Advanced Research 5, no. 3 (March 31, 2017): 746–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/3567.

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Alowanou, G. G., P. A. Olounladé, G. C. Akouèdegni, A. M. L. Faihun, D. O. Koudandé, and S. Hounzangbé-Adoté. "In vitro anthelmintic effects of Bridelia ferruginea, Combretum glutinosum, and Mitragyna inermis leaf extracts on Haemonchus contortus, an abomasal nematode of small ruminants." Parasitology Research 118, no. 4 (March 8, 2019): 1215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06262-5.

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OUÉDRAOGO, Relwendé Justin, Muhammad JAMAL, Lassina OUATTARA, Muhammad NADEEM-UL-HAQUE, Faisal KHAN, Shabana Usman SIMJEE, Georges Anicet OUÉDRAOGO, and Farzana SHAHEEN. "Antiseizure Activity of <i>Mitragyna inermis</i> in the Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Seizure Model in Mice: Involvement of Flavonoids and Alkaloids." Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 21, no. 2 (April 1, 2024): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2023.14704.

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Traoré, Roukiatou, Cheikna Zongo, Arouna Ouedraogo, Emmanuel Sampo, Mahamadi Sore, Boubacar Yaro, Yves Traoré, and Aly Savadogo. "In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extracts from Vetiveria nigritana (benth.) Stapf, Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) Kuntze, Kalanchoe crenata (andr.) Haw. against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus." Acta Scientific Microbiology 4, no. 5 (April 27, 2021): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.31080/asmi.2021.04.0836.

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Hammanjoda, S. A., B. W. Barau, U. Buba, D. D. Usman, K. M. Fauziya, and T. C. Maikeri. "Diversity and Population Status of Tree Species in Bakin-Dutse of Ardo-Kola LGA, Taraba State, Nigeria." October 2022 6, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2022.02.0383.

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Nigerian forest resources are constantly threatened due to many anthropogenic activities and considering their importance in recycling oxygen, preventing erosion, biodiversity habitats etc. This study was carried out to determine the diversity and population status of trees. A 50km2 plot was studied using the line transect method, and the Point Centered Quartet technique was deployed to enumerate standing tree biomass. Total Height, Diameter at Breast Height and Crown cover were also measured and recorded. The results showed that 200 trees spread across fifteen (15) families and forty (40) species were identified. The Fabaceae Family had more representatives 12 (30%) while Bignoniaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae, Sapotaceae, Rutaceae and Olecaceae had 1 (2.5%) representation each. Parkia biglobosa had highest abundance 37 (18.5%) while Anacardium ocidentale, Brachystegia eurycoma, Ceiba pentandra, Cocos nucifera, Combretum molle, Ficus thoninngii, Khaya senegalensis, Haematostaphis barterii, Lannea microcarpa, Limonia. acidissima, Mangifera indica, Mitragyna inermis, Nauclea latifolia, Newbouldia laevis, Psidium guajava and Tamarindus indica all recorded the least abundance of 1 (0.5%). Diversity indices of Hʹ=2.65 (North), Hʹ=2.49 (South), Hʹ=2.72 (East) and Hʹ=2.37 (West) were recorded. The results also showed that 90% of the tree species enumerated are in need of serious conservation efforts. Parkia biglobosa had the highest Importance Value (46.84%) while Psidium guajava recoded the least (2.21%). It was then concluded that trees in Bakin-dutse community of Ardo-kola LGA needs conserving, hence, we suggest that a concerted effort from Governmental Organizations, Non-Governmental Organization and the Local Community to curtail the rapid decline in the population of these important biodiversity resources.

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Alowanou, Géorcelin Goué, Erick V. B. Azando, Adam D. Adenilé, Delphin O. Koudandé, Christophe A. M. Chrysostome, and Sylvie M. Hounzangbé-Adoté. "Evaluation of the in vivo anthelmintic properties of Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) as a livestock dewormer against parasitic hematophagous worm Haemonchus contortus infections in different breeds of lambs." Tropical Animal Health and Production 52, no. 1 (July 25, 2019): 309–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-02014-w.

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Haidara, Mahamane, Geneviève Bourdy, Nunziatina De Tommasi, Alessandra Braca, Korotoumou Traore, Sergio Giani, and Rokia Sanogo. "Medicinal Plants Used in Mali for the Treatment of Malaria and Liver Diseases." Natural Product Communications 11, no. 3 (March 2016): 1934578X1601100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1601100309.

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Today, ethno-pharmacology is a very important resource in order to discover new therapies for the current diseases. Moreover, another good justification for the ethno-pharmacological approach is to obtain new, effective, less expensive and simple therapies, limiting at the same time the cost of pharmaceutical research. Two major anti-malarial drugs widely used today, i.e. quinine and artemisinin, came respectively from Peruvian and Chinese ancestral treatments reported in the traditional medicines. In this contest, there is an urgent need for the discovery of new drugs, due to the critical epidemiological situation of this disease and to the growth of resistances. In Mali, malaria and liver diseases remain one of the leading public health problems. Many medicinal plants are often used, in local traditional medicine, for the treatment at the same time of malaria and liver diseases, including hepatic syndromes, jaundice, hepatitis and other hepatic disorders. Moreover, in the local language Bamanan, the word “ Sumaya” is used both for malaria and some liver diseases. In addition, we noted that some of the improved traditional phytomedicines produced by the Department of Traditional Medicine are prescribed by modern doctors both for malaria and liver diseases. In this review, pharmacological, toxicological and phytochemical data on Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae), Cochlospermum tinctorium Perr. ex A. Rich (Cochlospermaceae), Combretum micranthum G.Don (Combretaceae), Entada africana Guillet Perr. (Mimosaceae), Erythrina senegalensis A. DC (Fabaceae), Mitragyna inermis (Willd) Kuntze (Rubiaceae), Nauclea latifolia Smith syn. Sarcocephalus latifolius (Smith) Bruce (Rubiaceae), Securidaca longepedunculata Fresen (Polygalaceae), Trichilia emetica Vahl. (Meliaceae), and Vernonia colorata (Willd) Drake (Asteraceae) are reported. Some of the collected data could be used to improve the actual herbal drugs and to propose new phytomedicines for the management of malaria and liver diseases.

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Chikani Ladekan-Yayi, Eléonore, Placide Mahougnan Toklo, Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon, Mahoudo Fidèle Assogba, Steven Collins Njonté Wouamba, Billy Toussie Tchegnitegni, Géorcelin Goué Alowanou, et al. "Anthelmintic and Antimicrobial Activities of Tannin Extracts of <i>Mitragyna inermis </i>(Willd.) Kuntze (Rubiaceae) and <i>Combretum glutinosum </i>Perr. ex DC (Combretaceae)." American Journal of Applied Chemistry 9, no. 5 (2021): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20210905.14.

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Alowanou, GG, AP Olounlade, EVB Azando, VFGN Dedehou, FD Daga, and M. Hounzangbe-adote. "A review of Bridelia ferruginea, Combretum glutinosum and Mitragina inermis plants used in zootherapeutic remedies in West Africa: historical origins, current uses and implications for conservation." Journal of Applied Biosciences 87, no. 1 (May 5, 2015): 8003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jab.v87i1.4.

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38

"Mitragyna inermis." CABI Compendium CABI Compendium (January 7, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/cabicompendium.34301.

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39

Mukhtar, M., H. Muhammad, and A. Garba. "PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF THE STEM BARK OF Mitragyna inermis." Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria 48, no. 1 (March 1, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.46602/jcsn.v48i1.850.

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Mitragynainermis is a tree species in the Rubiaceae family that is commonly used in traditional medicine to treat malaria. The plant's extract was obtained by macerating the powdered leaves in methanol. The extracts of the stem of Mitragynainermis were investigated for phytochemical constituents, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, and acute toxicity. The results show the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, cardiac glycoside, anthraquinone, tannins, and saponins, and the extract was also found to be effective against the clinical isolates: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger, and Candida albicans. However, the extracts showed strong radical scavenging activity against DPPH for all three extracts. The LD50 of 158 mg/kg was calculated for the extracts, and the values were found to be within the practically slightly toxic range, so care should be taken when using the plants in traditional medicine healing.

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"Mitragyna inermis Willd (Rubiaceae) inhibits Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase activities in Alzheimer’s disease mice models." Journal of Chemical, Biological and physical sciences 10, no. 4 (August 15, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.24214/jcbps.b.10.4.53647.

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"Anti-amnesic effects, cerebral protection, and Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies of Mitragyna inermis (Rubiaceae) leaves decoction." Journal of Chemical, Biological and physical sciences 11, no. 2 (April 24, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.24214/jcbps.b.11.2.29206.

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42

Ouédraogo, Relwendé Justin, Muhammad Jamal, Lassina Ouattara, Muhammad Nadeem-ul-haque, Faisal Khan, Shabana Usman Simjee, Georges Anicet Ouédraogo, and Farzana Shaheen. "Antiseizure Activity of Mitragyna inermis in the Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) -Induced Seizure Model in Mice: Involvement of Flavonoids and Alkaloids." Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, May 16, 2023, 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/tjps.galenos.2023.14794.

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43

O., Hamadou, Amadou Oumani A., Morou B., and Mahamane A. "Détermination Du Régime Alimentaire De La Girafe d’Afrique De l’Ouest (Giraffa Camelopardalis Peralta Linnaeus 1758) En Saison Sèche Dans Les Zones Excentrées De Fandou, Dingazi-Banda Et Simiri Au Niger." European Scientific Journal ESJ 17, no. 7 (February 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2021.v17n7p120.

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La girafe du Niger (Giraffa camelopardalis peralta), est une espèce relique bénéficiant depuis plusieurs décennies d’une protection intégrale et cohabite de manière assez harmonieuse avec les humains. Ces dernières années, les girafes colonisent progressivement de nouveaux habitats et peu d’informations sont connues sur le régime alimentaire dans les nouvelles zones. La determination du régime alimentaire de la girafe en saison sèche dans les zones excentrées de Fandou, Dingazi-banda et Simiri, a pour objectif d’identifier les espèces végétales, les plus recherchées par la girafe pour une gestion durable de l’espèce au Niger. Trois (3) méthodes à savoir l’observation directe, l’indice d’abroutissement et l’analyse microscopique des crottes ont été utilisées. Il ressort de cette étude, que 23 espèces végétales appartenant à 10 familles sont consommées par la girafe du Niger. Vigna anguculata a été retrouvé à travers les indices d’abroutissement. Les femelles ont un spectre alimentaire plus large (19 espèces végétales) que les mâles (16 espèces végétales). Les espèces végétales, les plus consommées sont Combretum glutinosum (15,60%), Balanites aegyptiaca (11,60%) et Faidherbia albida (37,60%). Le broutage de Mitragyna inermis n’est pas observé chez les mâles. Maerua crassifolia et Ziziphus mauritiana, présentant des indices d’abroutissement élevés, sont moins broutées par la girafe. La faible fréquence de la girafe sur certaines espèces végétales n’est que la conséquence de sa disponibilité dans l’habitat.

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Seibou, Aboubakar, Tchobsala Tchobsala, and Bring Christophe. "Farmers' knowledge and Practicesto Combat Ecosystem Degradation in the South of the Benoue River in Northern Cameroon." Journal of Modern Agriculture and Biotechnology, August 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53964/jmab.2023017.

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Objective: The present study aims to contribute to the restoration of degraded ecosystems for a sustainable management of resources. Methods: It is based on socio-economic surveys with structured and semi-structured questionnaires including closed, open and directed questions, administered to local populations to provide us with information. Results: It appears that agriculture (71.92%) is the main cause of degradation, followed by erosion (71.82%), deforestation (64.29%) and overgrazing (62.15%). As indices of degradation, the presence of gullies (23.72%), low yield (22.28%), the presence of Striga hermonthica (18.56%) and sandy soils (18.11%) are to be noted and the indices of fertility are observable through the good yield (40.23%), the presence of earthen glasses (7.79%) and the presence of flora such as pennisetum pedicellatum (3.34%). To remedy the degradation and increase their production, the population makes more use of chemical fertilizers and crop rotation and species such as Faidherbia albida (64.33%), Daniellia oliveri (17.89%), Pterocarpus lucens (7.99%), Acacia nilotica (4.42%) are retained as having restorative potential. Also, these farmers mention the importance of bank protection species (Khaya senegalensis, Ficus sycomorus, Mitragyna inermis and Daniellia oliveri) and living hedges (Acacia nilotica, Commifora kerstindjii, Jatropha curcas, Eucalyptus camaldulensis). Conclusion: The population is aware of the degradation that is taking place and is trying to develop remedial practices despite the pressure of nature and vital needs. It would be important to take measures to mitig

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El Bashir, Ibrahim B. E., Maha Y. Kordofani, Sakina Yagi, Abdulrahman A. Al-Atar, Ahmed A. Qahtan, Eslam M. Abdel-Salam, Abdullah M. Alkahtani, et al. "Antimalarial, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of 14 medicinal plants from Sudan." Natural Resources for Human Health, February 7, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/146223.

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Fourteen plants endogenous to Sudan were selected to evaluate their total phenolic content, antioxidant, antimalarial and cytotoxicity potential in the present work. Extracts were prepared by maceration of each plant material in chloroform: methanol (C: M; 1:1 v/v) mixture. The antioxidant activity was determined by measuring the radical scavenging effects against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric-reducing (FRAP) capacity. The antiplasmodial activity was determined using the NF54 strain of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>. Cytotoxicity was evaluated towards human colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT-116), human hormone-sensitive and invasive breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), and human hormone-resistant breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231), in addition to endothelial normal EAhy-296 cell line. Results showed that the plants' total phenolic and flavonoid contents were variable. Of the 14 plant species, only <i>Burnatia enneandra</i> showed high <i>in vitro</i> antiplasmodial activity (IC<sub>50</sub> 5758 ɳg/mL). Some plants possessed considerable free radical scavenging ability and reducing power. <i>Coccinia grandis</i> fruit extract (IC<sub>50</sub> 13.23 ± 0.51 μg/mL) and <i>Geigeria alata</i> root extract (IC<sub>50</sub> 35.54 ± 0.27 μg/mL) displayed the highest DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity, respectively. <i>Striga hermonthica</i> whole plant extract exhibited the highest FRAP reducing power (107.15 ± 0.11 nmol Fe+2 eq./mg). At a 100 μg/mL concentration, <i>Dioscorea hirtiflora</i> bulb extract displayed the highest cytotoxicity (74.23 ± 03.72%), followed by <i>Mitragyna inermis</i> fruit extract (65.28 ± 04.60%) against HCT-116 cell line. <i>Aerva javanica</i> leaf extract showed toxicity to the MDA-MB-231 cell line (50.82 ± 07.46%) at 100 μg/mL. The current study results showed that endogenous medicinal plants might represent a rich source of natural antioxidant, antimalarial and antitumor agents.

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