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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mixed-pine

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Academic literature on the topic 'Mixed-pine'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Mixed-pine"

1

Porté, Annabel, Frédéric Huard, and Philippe Dreyfus. "Microclimate beneath pine plantation, semi-mature pine plantation and mixed broadleaved-pine forest." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 126, no. 1-2 (2004): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2004.06.001.

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Tkach, Viktor, Oksana Tarnopilska, Oleksiy Kobets, et al. "Harmfulness of root rot in the stands planted on formerly arable land and clear-cuts after annosum-infected pine forests in Chernihiv Polissya physiographic region of Ukraine." Central European Forestry Journal 66, no. 1 (2020): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/forj-2019-0025.

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AbstractThe study was conducted in pure Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests and mixed forests of Scots pine and silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) within the Chernihiv Polissya physiographic region of Ukraine. The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of forest mensuration characteristics and health condition of pine and mixed pine-birch stands planted on formerly arable lands and cutover areas after pine stands infected by annosum root rot. It was found that in pine stands planted on formerly arable land, the average diameter of living trees in the root rot disease focus was 1–6%

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Špulák, Ondřej, Jiří Souček, and Jakub Černý. "Do stand structure and admixture of tree species affect Scots pine aboveground biomass production and stability on its natural site?" Journal of Forest Science 64, No. 11 (2018): 486–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/117/2018-jfs.

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The paper analyses stand structure and production on two experimental forest stand series of mature pure and mixed Scots pine stands, growing on natural Scots pine sites in the Czech Republic. Sessile oak was the main admixed species. In mixed stands, Scots pine constituted the dominant level of the stand, admixed species grew mostly as subdominants. Admixture increased stand densities and aboveground biomass production compared to pure stands. Sessile oak with the 20–30% number share within the Scots pine stand led to an increase of the Scots pine tree dimensions and mean stem merchantable wo

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4

Levin, S., and Aleksey Chernodubov. "ASPECTS OF THE GROWTH OF CRIMEAN PINE INTRODUCED IN HERB-GRASS AND MIXED-GRASS STEPPE ZONE OF VOLGA-DON DISTRICT OF THE SOUTH OF THE RUSSIAN PLAIN." Actual directions of scientific researches of the XXI century: theory and practice 8, no. 1 (2020): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/2308-8877-2020-8-1-73-79.

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Crimean pine (Pinus nigra subsp.pallasiana Lamb.) better than other introduced tree species fits the environmental conditions of the studied region, as it is highly resistant to various pathologies and can be used to form complex (multilayered) uneven-aged multispecies stands. The significant age of the studied stands (110 and 118 years old) provides a good indication of this fact, as well as allows us to make a judgement on the features of growth and development of Crimean pine mixed with Scots pine. It should be noted that when Crimean pine is mixed with Scots pine its average trunk volume i

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Longpré, Marie-Hélène, Yves Bergeron, David Paré, and Martin Béland. "Effect of companion species on the growth of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana)." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24, no. 9 (1994): 1846–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x94-238.

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The growth and yield of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) was studied in even-aged stands of three types: pure jack pine, jack pine mixed with paper birch (Betulapapyrifera Marsh.), and jack pine mixed with trembling aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.) growing on moderately well-drained glaciolacustrine clay soils in the southern tip of the Clay Belt of northwestern Quebec. Site index, average DBH, and average height of jack pine, and the availability of nutrients in the forest floor were compared among stand types. No differences were found in the height growth of jack pine among stand types. Ho

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Baker, William L. "Variable Forest Structure and Fire Reconstructed Across Historical Ponderosa Pine and Mixed Conifer Landscapes of the San Juan Mountains, Colorado." Land 9, no. 1 (2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9010003.

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Late-1800s land surveys were used to reconstruct historical forest structure and fire over more than 235,000 ha in ponderosa pine and mixed conifer landscapes of the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, to further understand differences among regional mountain ranges and help guide landscape-scale restoration and management. Historically, fire-resistant ponderosa pine forests with low tree density and relatively frequent fire, the most restorable forests, covered only the lower 15%–24% of the study area. The other 76%–85% had dominance by mixed- to high-severity fires. Both ponderosa pine and dry mix

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7

Riofrío, José, Miren del Río, Douglas Maguire, and Felipe Bravo. "Species Mixing Effects on Height–Diameter and Basal Area Increment Models for Scots Pine and Maritime Pine." Forests 10, no. 3 (2019): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10030249.

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Models that incorporate known species-mixing effects on tree growth are essential tools to properly design silvicultural guidelines for mixed-species stands. Here, we developed generalized height–diameter (h-d) and basal area growth models for mixed stands of two main forest species in Spain: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.). Mixed-effects models were fitted from plot measurement and tree rings data from 726 Scots pine and 693 Maritime pine trees from mixed and pure stands in the Northern Iberian Range in Spain, with the primary objective of representing

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Willis, Gordon, Tanger, Blazier, Self, and Brodbeck. "Managing Mixed Stands: Reassessing a Forgotten Stand Type in the Southeastern United States." Forests 10, no. 9 (2019): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10090751.

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Forestry in the Southeastern United States has long focused on converting natural stands into pine plantations or managing exclusively for hardwoods. Little consideration has been given to managing stands containing pine and hardwood mixtures, as these stands were considered inferior in terms of productivity and/or quality. Recent declines in small-diameter softwood markets and logging workforce have, however, begun to stress the traditional pine production model in some locations, raising interest in management alternatives. Here, we provide biological, economic, and sociocultural rationale f

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Данилов, Dmitriy Danilov, Смирнов, and A. Smirnov. "Effect of stand structure on density of pine and spruce wood in myrtillus forest type." Forestry Engineering Journal 4, no. 4 (2015): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/8434.

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Mixed stands of spruce and pine of myrtillus y forest types occupy large areas of the forest fund of the Leningrad region. For the theory and practice of forestry it is important to know the impact of plantations on the density of wood in bunk mixed spruce-pine stands. In mixed stands of pine and spruce disks and cores of wood species were selected from the model tree to determine the basic density by the method of maximum water capacity. The study of basic wood density of pine and spruce in the coniferous bunk stands revealed that its rates are higher for both sp

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Elena M, Runova, Garus Ivan A, and Serkov Denis V. "Growth and formation patterns of pine-larch saplings in conditions of Eastern Siberia." Journal of Forest Science 64, No. 9 (2018): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4/2018-jfs.

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Researches and generalizations of information on basic patterns of formation, growth, and structure of Irkutsk region forest stands and plantations enabled to study dynamics of formation and productivity of mixed pine forests, being naturally developed under various economic impacts. Such parameters as diameter-, height-, and volume-wise pine and larch increment in mixed forest stands were studied. The obtained results were accurate due to a wealth of experimental material, statistical and mathematical processing using MS Excel application software, graphic methods of processing the materials.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mixed-pine"

1

Dean, Diana K. "Host utilization by the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in mixed stands of limber pine, Pinus flexilis James, and lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta latifolia Engelmann." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1404342031&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Rist, Stephen George. "Legacies of forest management and fire in mixed-pine forest ecosystems of the Seney National Wildlife Refuge, eastern Upper Michigan." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1218566132.

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Heinze, Jason A. "Effects of Low-Input Vegetation Management on Pine-Hardwood Mixed Stands in the Northern Piedmont." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33647.

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In an attempt to provide low-cost, low-input alternatives for regenerating pine-hardwood mixtures, this study examined several mechanisms that influence the growth of pine-hardwood stands. The Regeneration Alternatives Study is an ongoing experiment that was designed to gain biological and economical information concerning the growth and yield of loblolly pine and mixed hardwood species. Low-cost herbicide applications (stump treatment, basal stem spray, release, and soil spot release) were used to control competing vegetation during the study. The four even-aged regeneration treatments appl

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Touchan, Ramzi, and Thomas W. Swetnam. "Fire History in Ponderosa Pine and Mixed-Conifer Forests of the Jemez Mountains, Northern New Mexico." Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/302443.

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A Final Report Submitted to the USDA Forest Service, Santa Fe National Forest and USDI National Park Service, Bandelier National Monument<br>We reconstructed fire history in ponderosa pine and mixed-conifer forests across the Jemez Mountains in northern New Mexico. We collected the fire-scarred samples from nine ponderosa pine areas and four mesic mixed-conifer areas. An additional collection was obtained from a bristlecone pine stand in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. We also reconstructed December-June precipitation from ponderosa pine tree-ring indices that were developed from four differen

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Davidson, Christopher Bryn. "Effects of European Gypsy Moth Defoliation in Mixed Pine-Hardwood Stands in the Atlantic Coastal Plain." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40345.

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As populations of the European gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) move into the southeast, laboratory studies indicate that the potential exists for defoliation and possible tree mortality in mixed pine-hardwood stands. This dissertation describes a field study that was initiated to determine the susceptibility and vulnerability of pure and mixed stands of loblolly pine, oaks and sweetgum in pine-oak and pine-sweetgum cover types in the Atlantic Coastal Plain physiographic province. Sixteen stands were defoliated between 1992 and 1996. Stand susceptibility was significantly related to stand com

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Sherry, Jennifer. "Informing Fire and Fuels Management Decisions in the Mixed-Pine Ecosystems of the Northern Lake States." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345212056.

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Bajtala, Mark J. "Spatial patterns of duff consumption in black spruce and jack pine stands in the boreal mixed wood forest." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ43136.pdf.

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Mathys, Amanda. "Impact of partial harvesting on the net ecosystem production of a mixed conifer forest following mountain pine beetle attack." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/43113.

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The recent mountain pine beetle (MPB) outbreak has had a major impact on the carbon (C) cycling of lodgepole pine forests in British Columbia. Mitigation efforts to control the insect outbreak have led to increased harvesting rates in the province. This study determines whether partial harvesting as an alternative forest management response to clearcutting can increase the net ecosystem production (NEP) of a mixed conifer forest (MPB-09) in Interior BC. Using the eddy-covariance (EC) technique, the C dynamics of the 70-year old stand were studied over the two years after partial harvest follow

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Nyamai, Priscilla. "Factors affecting regeneration-layer dynamics in mixed-pine forest ecosystems of eastern Upper Michigan and implications for forest ecosystem restoration." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1373993587.

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Shaw, Rebekha. "Shrinking the Janzen-Connell Doughnut: Consequences of an Invasive Multiplier (Microstegium vimineum) on the Mid-canopy in a Mixed Pine-Oak Forest." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1797.

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Introduction of invasive species can alter seed fate predictions made by the Janzen-Connell Escape Hypothesis (JCEH). The JCEH states that there is a suitable region around a plant that is ideal for seed germination, growth, and recruitment. Seeds dispersed too close to the maternal plant are subject to competition from the maternal individual and perhaps density-dependent predation, whereas seeds dispersed further away may end up in suboptimal habitats. Invasive species may change the amount of these suitable habitats for native plants by creating unsuitable light environments and as a res

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Books on the topic "Mixed-pine"

1

Cain, Michael D. A low-cost technique for increasing pine volume production in mixed pine-hardwood stands. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1988.

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Cain, Michael D. A low-cost technique for increasing pine volume production in mixed pine-hardwood stands. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1988.

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Cain, Michael D. A low-cost technique for increasing pine volume production in mixed pine-hardwood stands. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1988.

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Cain, Michael D. A low-cost technique for increasing pine volume production in mixed pine-hardwood stands. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1988.

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5

Cain, Michael D. A low-cost technique for increasing pine volume production in mixed pine-hardwood stands. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1988.

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Cain, Michael D. A low-cost technique for increasing pine volume production in mixed pine-hardwood stands. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1988.

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7

Nigh, Gordon Donald. Site index conversion equations for mixed black spruce-lodgepole pine stands. British Columbia Ministry of Forests Research Program, 1999.

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8

Nigh, Gordon Donald. Growth and yield models for mixed Jack pine / black spruce stands. National Library of Canada, 1991.

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9

McDonald, Philip M. Development of a mixed shrub-ponderosa pine community in a natural and treated condition. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1995.

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Sanders, Bradford M. Photos for estimating residue loadings before and after burning in southern Appalachian mixed pine-hardwood clearcuts. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Mixed-pine"

1

Szwagrzyk, J. "Small Scale Spatial Patterns of Trees in Mixed Pine-Beech Forests." In Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Environmental Changes. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2866-7_220.

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2

Grissino-Mayer, Henri D. "Fire as a Once-Dominant Disturbance Process in the Yellow Pine and Mixed Pine-Hardwood Forests of the Appalachian Mountains." In Natural Disturbances and Historic Range of Variation. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21527-3_6.

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3

Espelta, J. M., C. Gene, J. Retana, and J. Terradas Creaf. "Structure of Mixed Holm-Oak (Quercus Ilex) Aleppo Pine (Pinus Halepensis) Forests in Northeastern Spain." In Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Environmental Changes. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2866-7_210.

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4

Djurdjevic, L., A. Dinic, M. Mitrovic, and P. Pavlovic. "Allelopathy of erica Carnea, a Dominant Species in the Mixed Pine Forests at Maljen Mountain (Serbia)." In Progress in Botanical Research. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5274-7_65.

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Johnson, Dale W., Richard B. Susfalk, and Wayne T. Swank. "Simulated Effects of Atmospheric Deposition and Species Change on Nutrient Cycling in Loblolly Pine and Mixed Deciduous Forests." In Ecological Studies. Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2178-4_27.

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Runova, Elena. "Increasing Biodiversity of Russian Taiga Forests by Creating Mixed Forest Cultures of Scots Pine and Siberian Larch." In Advances in Forest Management under Global Change. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91753.

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Wohl, Ellen. "September: Alternate Realities." In Saving the Dammed. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190943523.003.0012.

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The first week of September mostly feels like summer. The air on the dry terrace bordering the beaver meadow is richly scented with pine. Purple aster, blue harebells, and tall, yellow black-eyed Susan still bloom. Fungi are more abundant on the forest floor, and the tiny, purplish berries of kinnikinnick are sweet to the taste. The air is warm in the sunshine, but strong winds hurry rain showers through at intervals. Patches of last year’s snow linger on the surrounding peaks, even as the first light snows have already fallen in the high country. Down in the beaver meadow, the leaves of aspen, willow, birch, and alder are starting to assume their autumn colors. Here and there a small patch of yellow or orange appears among the green. Blades of grass have a pale orange tint and the strawberry leaves have gone scarlet, even as white asters, purple thistles, and a few other flowers continue to bloom. The creek is noticeably lower, its cobble bed slick with rust-brown algae. Exposed cobble and sandbars have grown wider as the water has shrunk back from the edge of the willows, and the main channel is easy to cross on foot. The clear water is chillingly cold in both the main channel and the side channels. The smaller side channels no longer flow, and a drape of mud mixed with bits of plants covers the cobbles. Wood deposited a year ago has weathered to pale gray. The older, marginal beaver ponds have shrunk noticeably, and the water is lower in the main ponds, where tall sedges now lie bent on the top of the declining water surface. The beavers remain active: following fresh moose tracks, I come on a newly built beaver dam on a small side channel. By the third week of September, autumn has clearly arrived in the mountains. The air remains quite warm during the day, but nights of frost are swiftly bringing out the autumn colors. Whole stands of willows and aspen now glow golden or pumpkin-orange.

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Conference papers on the topic "Mixed-pine"

1

Danilov, Dmitry, Natalia Belyaeva, and Sergey Janusz. "Structure of mature mixed pine-and-spruce stands on postagrogenic lands in Leningrad region, Russia." In Research for Rural Development, 2018. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.24.2018.020.

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Jing Zhao and Junhui Zhang. "Spatial variability of soil total nitrogen in a natural broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest." In 2011 International Symposium on Water Resource and Environmental Protection (ISWREP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iswrep.2011.5893364.

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Danilov, Dmitry, Natalia Belyaeva, and Dmitry Zaytcev. "Density of wood of pine-tree and spruce in the mixed mature forests of the North-West Russia boreal zone." In Research for Rural Development, 2018. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.24.2018.019.

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Bas, Gamze Sultan, Erol Sancaktar, and Erdal Karadurmus. "Physical Properties of LLDPE and PP Filled With Wood Flours." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-48059.

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In this study, composites of polypropylene (PP), as well as linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) thermoplastics filled with wood flour have been investigated to study the effect of size and amount of wood flour on their mechanical, thermal and aging properties. PP and LLDPE were mixed with five different types of wood flour, i.e., cedar, maple, oak, poplar, and select pine, by adding different percentages of wood flour at 30, 40 and 50 weight percentages. Mixing was done using a mini compounder at 180–210°C and dog-bone shape samples were produced by using a mini-injection molding machine.

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Andre´, Rui Neto, Filomena Pinto, Carlos Franco, et al. "Co-Gasification Study and Optimisation of Coal, Biomass and Plastics Waste Mixtures." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30011.

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The continuous grow of world population has led to a substantial increase in energy demand. On the other hand, it has given rise to generating large amounts of wastes, which need to be disposed of without any damage to the environment. Such scenario has led to the idea of studying the application of gasification technology to mixtures of coal and wastes. The results obtained so far are encouraging, as they have shown that it is possible to co-gasify coal mixed with either pine or polyethylene wastes to values up to 40% (w/w) of wastes, being even possible to substitute one waste type by the ot

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Ada´nez, Juan, Luis F. de Diego, Pilar Gaya´n, Francisco Garci´a-Labiano, Andre´s Cabanillas, and Alberto Bahillo. "Co-Combustion of Biomass and Coal in Circulating Fluidized Bed: Modeling and Validation." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-064.

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In this work carbon combustion efficiencies in circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) when co-firing biomass and coal mixtures were studied. Experimental results were obtained from the combustion of two kind of coals with a forest residue (Pine bark) in a CBF pilot plant (0.3MWth) with 20-cm i.d. and 6.5-m height. The effect of operating conditions such as percentage of biomass in the feed, temperature, excess air, air velocity and percentage of secondary air on carbon combustion efficiency was studied. A mathematical model for the co-combustion of coal and biomass in a circulating fluidi

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Reports on the topic "Mixed-pine"

1

Ganey, Joseph L., and Scott C. Vojta. Modeling snag dynamics in northern Arizona mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rp-66.

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Palik, Brian, and John Zasada. An Ecological Context for Regenerating Mult-cohort, Mixed-species Red Pine Forests. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rn-382.

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Ganey, Joseph L., and Scott C. Vojta. Coarse woody debris assay in northern Arizona mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rp-80.

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Toman, Eric, David M. Hix, P. Charles Goebel, et al. Hazardous fuels management in mixed red pine and eastern white pine forest in the northern Lake States: A synthesis of knowledge. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-gtr-134.

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McDonald, Philip M., and Gary O. Fiddler. Development of a mixed shrub–ponderosa pine community in a natural and treated condition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-rp-224.

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Ganey, J. L., and S. C. Vojta. Trends in snag populations in Northern Arizona mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forests, 1997-2012. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rp-105.

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Sanders, Bradford M., and David H. van Lear. Photos for Estimating Residue Loadings Before and After Burning in Southern Appalachian Mixed Pine - Hardwood Clearcuts. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/se-gtr-49.

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McDonald, Philip M. Development of a Mixed-Shrub-Planted Ponderosa Pine Communicty on a Poor Site After Site Preparation and Release. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-rp-248.

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9

Addington, Robert N., Gregory H. Aplet, Mike A. Battaglia, et al. Principles and practices for the restoration of ponderosa pine and dry mixed-conifer forests of the Colorado Front Range. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-373.

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Edminster, Carleton B., H. Todd Mowrer, Robert L. Mathiasen, Thomas M. Schuler, William K. Olsen, and Frank G. Hawksworth. GENGYM: A variable density stand table projection system calibrated for mixed conifer and ponderosa pine stands in the Southwest. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rm-rp-297.

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