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Journal articles on the topic 'MMW (mm-wave)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Powell, J., and D. Bannister. "Business prospects for commercial mm-wave MMICs." IEEE Microwave Magazine 6, no. 4 (2005): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmw.2005.1580321.

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2

A, S. Keerthi Nayani, and Anantha Sai C. "LTE and MMW 5G Integrated MIMO Antenna System." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 17, no. 3 (2024): 301–11. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v17i3.2224.

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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong> In order to simultaneously operate several system services, minimise attenuation, and reduce atmospheric absorption at the mm-wave spectrum, design of 5G antenna systems with enhanced bandwidth and gain is very crucial. MIMO antennas are therefore essential in addressing the shortcomings of the current designs. An integrated 5G MIMO antenna system using mm-wave and LTE is proposed in this work. <strong>Methods:</strong> The suggested design includes LTE MIMO antenna with two elements and 5G MIMO system four elements including circular as wel

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Mehrotra, Parikha, Baibhab Chatterjee, and Shreyas Sen. "EM-Wave Biosensors: A Review of RF, Microwave, mm-Wave and Optical Sensing." Sensors 19, no. 5 (2019): 1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19051013.

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This article presents a broad review on optical, radio-frequency (RF), microwave (MW), millimeter wave (mmW) and terahertz (THz) biosensors. Biomatter-wave interaction modalities are considered over a wide range of frequencies and applications such as detection of cancer biomarkers, biotin, neurotransmitters and heart rate are presented in detail. By treating biological tissue as a dielectric substance, having a unique dielectric signature, it can be characterized by frequency dependent parameters such as permittivity and conductivity. By observing the unique permittivity spectrum, cancerous c

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Mitsudo, Seitaro, S. Inagaki, I. Nyoman Sudiana, and K. Kuwayama. "Grain Growth in Millimeter Wave Sintered Alumina Ceramics." Advanced Materials Research 789 (September 2013): 279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.789.279.

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The millimeter wave (MMW) sintering of alumina ceramic had been performed. The results revealed that MMW sintered alumina has higher density than that of conventional method on all sintering temperature. However microstructure evaluation demonstrates that grain growth of MM wave annealed alumina is faster than in conventional annealing. It indicates that MM wave enhanced mass transport and solid state reaction rates during sintering. The empirical observations of microwave enhancements have been broadly known as microwave effect. Even though no satisfactory theory existed to explain the effect

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Sethi, Waleed Tariq, Hamsakutty Vettikalladi, and Majeed A. Alkanhal. "Millimeter Wave Antenna with Mounted Horn Integrated on FR4 for 60 GHz Gbps Communication Systems." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/834314.

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A compact high gain and wideband millimeter wave (MMW) antenna for 60 GHz communication systems is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a multilayer structure with an aperture coupled microstrip patch and a surface mounted horn integrated on FR4 substrate. The proposed antenna contributes impedance bandwidth of 8.3% (57.4–62.4 GHz). The overall antenna gain and directivity are about 11.65 dBi and 12.51 dBi, which make it suitable for MMW applications and short-range communications. The proposed antenna occupies an area of 7.14 mm × 7.14 mm × 4 mm. The estimated efficiency is 82%. The pr

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Ali Esmail, Bashar, Huda A. Majid, Zuhairiah Zainal Abidin, et al. "Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern of Planar Antenna Using Metamaterial for 5G Applications." Materials 13, no. 3 (2020): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030582.

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In this research, a reconfigurable metamaterial (MM) structure was designed using a millimeter-wave (MMW) band with two configurations that exhibit different refractive indices. These two MM configurations are used to guide the antenna’s main beam in the desired direction in the 5th generation (5G) band of 28 GHz. The different refractive indices of the two MM configurations created phase change for the electromagnetic (EM) wave of the antenna, which deflected the main beam. A contiguous squares resonator (CSR) is proposed as an MM structure to operate at MMW band. The CSR is reconfigured usin

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Surendran, Arjun, Aravind B, Tanweer Ali, Om Prakash Kumar, Pradeep Kumar, and Jaume Anguera. "A Dual-Band Modified Franklin mm-Wave Antenna for 5G Wireless Applications." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (2021): 693. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020693.

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Franklin array antennas are considered as one of the most competitive candidates for millimeter-wave (mmW) 5G applications due to their compact size, simple geometry and high gain. This paper describes a microstrip Franklin antenna array for fifth generation (5G) wireless applications. The proposed modified Franklin array is based on a collinear array structure with the objective of achieving broad bandwidth, high directivity, and dual-band operation at 22.7 and 34.9 GHz. The designed antenna consists of a 3 × 3 array patch element as the radiating part and a 3 × 3 slotted ground plane operati

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8

B., A. F. Esmail, A. Majid H., A. Saparudin F., et al. "Negative refraction metamaterial with low loss property at millimeter wave spectrum." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, no. 3 (2020): 1038–45. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i3.1853.

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The design of the millimetre-wave (MMW) metamaterials (MMs) unit cell operates at 28 GHz is presented and numerically investigated. The proposed structure composed of a modified split ring resonator (MSRR) printed on both sides of the substrate layer. Popular MM structures such as S-shape, G-shape, and Ω-shape are adjusted to operate at the 28 GHz for comparison purpose. MSRR achieves a wide bandwidth of 1.1 GHz in comparison with its counterparts at the resonance frequency. Moreover, the proposed structure presents very low losses by providing the highest transmission coefficient, S21,

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9

Hu, Cheng-Nan, Dau-Chyrh Chang, Chung-Hang Yu, Tsai-Wen Hsaio, and Der-Phone Lin. "Millimeter-Wave Microstrip Antenna Array Design and an Adaptive Algorithm for Future 5G Wireless Communication Systems." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7202143.

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This paper presents a high gain millimeter-wave (mmW) low-temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) microstrip antenna array with a compact, simple, and low-profile structure. Incorporating minimum mean square error (MMSE) adaptive algorithms with the proposed 64-element microstrip antenna array, the numerical investigation reveals substantial improvements in interference reduction. A prototype is presented with a simple design for mass production. As an experiment, HFSS was used to simulate an antenna with a width of 1 mm and a length of 1.23 mm, resonating at 38 GHz. Two identical mmW LTCC microstr

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10

Shareef, Oras Ahmed, Ahmed Mohammed Ahmed Sabaawi, Karrar Shakir Muttair, Mahmood Farhan Mosleh, and Mohammad Bashir Almashhdany. "Design of multi-band millimeter wave antenna for 5G smartphones." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 25, no. 1 (2022): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v25.i1.pp382-387.

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The design of a millimeter wave (mmW) antenna for the 5G mobile applications is presented in this paper. The designed antenna has dimensions of 10×10×0.245 mm<sup>3</sup>. This includes the copper ground plane. The resonance of the proposed mmW antenna lies within the range of 33 GHz and 43 GHz. These frequency bands are covering the 5G proposed band in terms of the signal speed, data transmission, and high spectral efficiencies. Computer simulation technology (CST) software is used to simulate the proposed 5G antenna including the characteristics of S-parameters, gain, and radiati

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11

Wei, Shunjun, Zichen Zhou, Mou Wang, et al. "3DRIED: A High-Resolution 3-D Millimeter-Wave Radar Dataset Dedicated to Imaging and Evaluation." Remote Sensing 13, no. 17 (2021): 3366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13173366.

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Millimeter-wave (MMW) 3-D imaging technology is becoming a research hotspot in the field of safety inspection, intelligent driving, etc., due to its all-day, all-weather, high-resolution and non-destruction feature. Unfortunately, due to the lack of a complete 3-D MMW radar dataset, many urgent theories and algorithms (e.g., imaging, detection, classification, clustering, filtering, and others) cannot be fully verified. To solve this problem, this paper develops an MMW 3-D imaging system and releases a high-resolution 3-D MMW radar dataset for imaging and evaluation, named as 3DRIED. The datas

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12

Feng, Shang, Xu Xin, and Ren Chuxuan. "5G Millimeter Wave Endfire Array Antenna with Printed Inverted-F Structure." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2022 (August 12, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8940715.

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In this design, a novel inverted F antenna with a low profile feed structure is proposed for millimeter-wave (mmW) applications. The array element consists of a printed inverted F antenna and a L-shaped parasitic deflector, approximately forming a structure similar to the Yagi-Uda antenna. The gain could be increased and the impedance bandwidth could be broadened by the structure. And, it is important to realize the miniaturization of the antenna element by bending the parasitic deflector based on the traditional deflector without affecting the performance. The proposed antenna has a low feed

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Guo, JunJia. "Beamforming design based on particle swarm algorithm in IRS-assisted communication system." Applied and Computational Engineering 6, no. 1 (2023): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/6/20230767.

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5G and the next generation of wireless technologies are designed to meet the needs of vertical industrial applications like Smart Cities, Industry 4.0, and Smart Grid. These requirements necessitate increased network capacity in order to provide a ubiquitous wireless connection for a large number of devices. Many technologies, such as mm-wave (MMW) communications, massive MIMO systems, and ultra-dense networks (UDN), have been developed in recent years to achieve these goals. However, these technologies have high implementation costs or consume a lot of energy. Intelligent Reflective Surface (

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14

Hesham Emara, Sherif K. El Dyasti, Hussein Hamed Ghouz, and Mohamed Fathy Abo Sree. "Design of a Compact Dual-Frequency Microstrip Antenna using DGS Structure for Millimeter-Wave Applications." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 28, no. 3 (2022): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.28.3.221234.

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In this paper, a Millimeter-wave (MMW) antenna has been proposed for a current and future wireless application. The proposed model has two resonances at 30.5 GHz and 52.4 GHz. The proposed model has been designed and optimized using a commercial electromagnetic simulator (CST-Studio) and focused on attaining a return loss rate that is lower than -10 dB. The proposed MMW models are built on a small thick Rogers Substrate (RT-5880) with h = 0.508 mm for the thickness, relative permittivity of εr = 2.2, and tanδ = 0.0009 for the loss tangent, while the substrate has a width w_s equal to 6 mm and

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15

Ogura, Nobuo, Siddharth Ravichandran, Tailong Shi, et al. "First Demonstration of Ultra-Thin Glass Panel Embedded (GPE) Package with Sheet Type Epoxy Molding Compound for 5G/mm-wave Applications." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2019, no. 1 (2019): 000202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4505-2019.1.000202.

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Abstract With the number of connected-devices increasing tremendously, communication data rates are projected to be at least 10–100X in the 5G/mm-wave (MMW) technology - much higher than the existing 4G LTE connections.[1], [2] To catch up with the trend, novel packaging technology in the MMW frequency range is required, which will address fundamental MMW technical challenges such as high dielectric loss, degradation of quality factors in passives, increased parasitic, dramatically-enhanced electromagnetic interference, and the reduced radiation efficiency of antenna arrays. State-of-the-art a

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16

Lee, Jongwon, Jae Yong Lee, Jonghyun Song, Gapseop Sim, Hyoungho Ko, and Seong Ho Kong. "Implementation of Flip-Chip Microbump Bonding between InP and SiC Substrates for Millimeter-Wave Applications." Micromachines 13, no. 7 (2022): 1072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13071072.

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Flip-chip microbump (μ-bump) bonding technology between indium phosphide (InP) and silicon carbide (SiC) substrates for a millimeter-wave (mmW) wireless communication application is demonstrated. The proposed process of flip-chip μ-bump bonding to achieve high-yield performance utilizes a SiO2-based dielectric passivation process, a sputtering-based pad metallization process, an electroplating (EP) bump process enabling a flat-top μ-bump shape, a dicing process without the peeling of the dielectric layer, and a SnAg-to-Au solder bonding process. By using the bonding process, 10 mm long InP-to-

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17

Kumi, Petra, Stephanie A. Martin, Vadim V. Yakovlev, Martin S. Hilario, Brad W. Hoff, and Ian M. Rittersdorf. "Electromagnetic-thermal model of a millimeter-wave heat exchanger based on an AlN:Mo susceptor." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 39, no. 2 (2020): 481–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-07-2019-0271.

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Purpose The paper introduces and illustrates the use of numerical models for the simulation of electromagnetic and thermal processes in an absorbing ceramic layer (susceptor) of a new millimeter-wave (MMW) heat exchanger. The purpose of this study is to better understand interaction between the MMW field and the susceptor, choose the composition of the ceramic material and help design the physical prototype of the device. Design/methodology/approach A simplified version of the heat exchanger comprises a rectangular block of an aluminum nitride (AlN) doped with molybdenum (Mo) that is backed by

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18

Meng, Yang, Chuan Lin, Jiefeng Zang, Anyong Qing, and Natalia K. Nikolova. "Ka Band Holographic Imaging System Based on Linear Frequency Modulation Radar." Sensors 20, no. 22 (2020): 6527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20226527.

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Millimeter wave (MMW) technology is expanding rapidly into security screening for dangerous items concealed under clothing. It uses safe non-ionizing radiation and penetrates clothing well. We present a new planar system at Ka band for the three-dimensional simultaneous imaging of both sides of an inspected person where the images are produced in real time by a recently proposed generalized holographic reconstruction algorithm. Low-cost linear frequency modulation (LFM) radar technology is used along with a simple but efficient method for system calibration. Experimental characterization of th

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19

AL-Fadhali, Najib, Huda A. Majid, Rosli Omar, et al. "Wideband millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed antenna for satellites communications." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, no. 5 (2020): 1933–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i5.2238.

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This paper presents a new type of wideband waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed patch antenna for millimeter wave (mmW). The antenna proposed applies to applications of 31-36 GHz Ka-band such as satellites communications. The SIW is intended with settings for particular slots. The antenna is constructed on Rogers RT5880 (lossy) with 2.2 dielectric constant, l.27 mm thickness, and 0.0009 loss tangent. It is simulated in the programming of computer simulation technology (CST) Microwave Studio. The simulated results show that the SIW antenna resonates across 31 to 36 GHz bands, which means that this new

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Najib, AL-Fadhali, A. Majid Huda, Omar Rosli, et al. "Wideband millimeter-wave substrate integrated waveguide cavity-backed antenna for satellites communications." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, no. 5 (2020): 1933–40. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i5.2238.

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This paper presents a new type of wideband waveguide (SIW) cavity-backed patch antenna for millimeter wave (mmW). The antenna proposed applies to applications of 31-36 GHz Ka-band such as satellites communications. The SIW is intended with settings for particular slots. The antenna is constructed on Rogers RT5880 (lossy) with 2.2 dielectric constant, l.27 mm thickness, and 0.0009 loss tangent. It is simulated in the programming of computer simulation technology (CST) Microwave Studio. The simulated results show that the SIW antenna resonates across 31 to 36 GHz bands, which means that this new

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21

A. F. Esmail, B., H. A. Majid, F. A. Saparudin, et al. "Negative refraction metamaterial with low loss property at millimeter wave spectrum." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, no. 3 (2020): 1038–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i3.1853.

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The design of the millimeter-wave (MMW) metamaterials (MMs) unit cell operates at 28 GHz is presented and numerically investigated. The proposed structure composed of a modified split ring resonator (MSRR) printed on both sides of the substrate layer. Popular MM structures such as S-shape, G-shape, and Ω-shape are adjusted to operate at the 28 GHz for comparison purpose. MSRR achieves a wide bandwidth of 1.1 GHz in comparison with its counterparts at the resonance frequency. Moreover, the proposed structure presents very low losses by providing the highest transmission coefficient, S21, at the

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22

Och, Andreas, Jochen O. Schrattenecker, Stefan Schuster, et al. "Accuracy Bounds and Measurements of a Contactless Permittivity Sensor for Gases Using Synchronized Low-Cost mm-Wave Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Radar Transceivers." Sensors 19, no. 15 (2019): 3351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19153351.

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A primary concern in a multitude of industrial processes is the precise monitoring of gaseous substances to ensure proper operating conditions. However, many traditional technologies are not suitable for operation under harsh environmental conditions. Radar-based time-of-flight permittivity measurements have been proposed as alternative but suffer from high cost and limited accuracy in highly cluttered industrial plants. This paper examines the performance limits of low-cost frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar sensors for permittivity measurements. First, the accuracy limits are i

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Li, Jinfeng, and Haorong Li. "Liquid Crystal-Filled 60 GHz Coaxially Structured Phase Shifter Design and Simulation with Enhanced Figure of Merit by Novel Permittivity-Dependent Impedance Matching." Electronics 13, no. 3 (2024): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13030626.

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This work serves as the first simulation investigation to tackle the liquid crystal (LC)-filled coaxially structured continuously variable phase shifter at 60 GHz, wherein the LCs act as single tunable dielectrics fully occupying the millimeter-wave (mmW) power transmitted (i.e., free of leakage or interference). Impedance and effective dielectric constant computations are settled, followed by the quantification of the interplay between the dielectric thickness and the dielectric constant (Dk) for a controlled 50 Ω impedance. Geometry’s aspect ratio (AR) effects are exploited for the coaxially

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Xiao, Jun, Jing Wu, Zihang Ye, Tongyu Ding, Chongzhi Han, and Qiubo Ye. "A High-Gain Circularly Polarized Magnetoelectric Dipole Antenna Array for Millimeter-Wave Applications." Sensors 25, no. 10 (2025): 3046. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25103046.

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A high-gain circularly polarized (CP) magnetoelectric dipole (ME-dipole) radiating element is demonstrated at a millimeter-wave (MMW) 5G band of 37–43.5 GHz. Each ME-dipole radiating element, consisting of two pairs of ring-shaped and L-shaped metal posts is excited by a cross-shaped substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) coupling slot to achieve CP radiation. Through the use of all-metal radiating structures with a height of 3.4 mm, high-gain and high-efficiency radiation performances are achieved. For proof of concept, a 4 × 4 antenna array with a SIW feeding network is designed, fabricated, a

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Zheng, Bin, Xiangyang Li, Xin Rao, and Na Li. "Multi-Beam Conformal Array Antenna Based on Highly Conductive Graphene Films for 5G Micro Base Station Applications." Sensors 22, no. 24 (2022): 9681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22249681.

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Recently, micro base station antennas have begun to play a more important role in 5G wireless communication, with the rapid development of modern smart medical care, the Internet of things, and portable electronic devices. Meanwhile, in response to the global commitment to long-term carbon neutrality, graphene film has received significant attention in the field of antennas due to its low carbon environmental impact and high electrical conductivity properties. In this work, a conformal array antenna based on highly conductive graphene films (CGF) is proposed for 5G millimeter-wave (MMW) applic

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Bubukin, I. T., I. V. Rakut, M. I. Agafonov, et al. "A modified tipping-curve method in the comparative study of sites for space communications and radio astronomy systems in the millimeter wavelength range." Radiotehnika i èlektronika 69, no. 6 (2024): 524–32. https://doi.org/10.31857/s0033849424060038.

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Measurements of atmospheric absorption in transparency windows in the range of millimeter waves (MMW) have been carried out. A modification tipping-curve method is proposed that allows measuring atmospheric absorption, the average temperature of the atmosphere and separating the contributions of atmospheric moisture and the droplet fraction of clouds by single-wave measurements in the MMV range with clouds up to 2.5 points (without precipitation). The possibility of detecting and determining the water content of clouds at the zenith in real time is shown. The annual course of atmospheric moist

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27

Ikari, Tomofumi, Yoshiaki Sasaki, and Chiko Otani. "275–305 GHz FM-CW Radar 3D Imaging for Walk-Through Security Body Scanner." Photonics 10, no. 3 (2023): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10030343.

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Imaging using millimeter waves (MMW) and terahertz (THz) waves can help inspect hazardous materials hidden beneath clothing in a non-contact and non-invasive manner. A 3D terahertz imaging system for security gate applications in the 275–305 GHz range was developed and experimentally demonstrated to detect concealed objects carried by pedestrians. This system performs 3D measurements by combining depth detection using frequency-modulated continuous wave (FM-CW) radar, vertical scanning of the detection spot using a 1D high-speed mechanical beam scanner, and horizontal movement of the irradiate

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28

Esmail, Bashar A. F., Slawomir Koziel, and Dustin Isleifson. "Metamaterial-Based Series-Fed Antenna with a High Gain and Wideband Performance for Millimeter-Wave Spectrum Applications." Electronics 12, no. 23 (2023): 4836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12234836.

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This paper presents a high-gain, wideband series-fed antenna designed for 5G millimeter-wave (MMW) applications. The structure employs a substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW)-based power splitter and metamaterials (MMs). The power divider functions effectively at 27.5 GHz, exhibiting an impedance bandwidth from 26.9 to 28.6 GHz. The series-fed dipole is assembled on the SIW-based power splitter, incorporating four dipoles with varying lengths and spacing. The dipoles are connected in series on both sides, running in parallel through a microstrip line. Effectively combining the resonances of the

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Bian, Chengzhen, Weiping Li, Mingxu Wang, Xinyi Wang, Yi Wei, and Wen Zhou. "Path Loss Measurement of Outdoor Wireless Channel in D-band." Sensors 22, no. 24 (2022): 9734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22249734.

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D-band (110–170 GHz) has received much attention in recent years due to its larger bandwidth. However, analyzing the loss characteristics of the wireless channel is very complicated at the millimeter-wave (MMW) band. Research on D-band wireless channels has been focused on indoor short-distance transmissions, with few studies looking at outdoor long-distance wireless channels. In this paper, we provide the design of the D-band outdoor long-distance transmission system, propose the outdoor line-of-sight (LOS) propagation measurements, and study the outdoor D-band propagation loss characteristic

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Cabezas, C., C. Bermúdez, Y. Endo, B. Tercero, and J. Cernicharo. "Rotational spectroscopy and astronomical search for glutaronitrile." Astronomy & Astrophysics 636 (April 2020): A33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202037769.

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Context. Nitriles constitute almost 15% of the molecules observed in the interstellar medium (ISM), surprisingly only two dinitriles have been detected in the ISM so far. The lack of astronomical detections for dinitriles may be partly explained by the absence of laboratory rotational spectroscopic data. Aims. Our goal is to investigate the rotational spectrum of glutaronitrile, N≡C−CH2−CH2−CH2−C≡N, in order to allow its possible detection in the ISM. Methods. The rotational spectrum of glutaronitrile was measured using two different experimental setups. A Fourier transform microwave spectrome

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Wang, Huei, Jeng-Han Tsai, Kun-You Lin, Zuo-Min Tsai, and Tian-Wei Huang. "MM-Wave Integration and Combinations." IEEE Microwave Magazine 13, no. 5 (2012): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2012.2197143.

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Kosugi, Toshihiko, Akihiko Hirata, Tadao Nagatsuma, and Yuichi Kado. "MM-wave long-range wireless systems." IEEE Microwave Magazine 10, no. 2 (2009): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2008.931668.

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Mustafa, Mohammed Jawad, Noordini Nik Abd Malik Nik, Asniza Murad Noor, Riduan Ahmad Mohd, Riza Mohd Esa Mona, and Mahmood Hussein Yaqdhan. "Design of substrate integrated waveguide with Minkowski-Sierpinski fractal antenna for WBAN applications." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 9, no. 6 (2020): 2455–61. https://doi.org/10.11591/eei.v9i6.2194.

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This paper presents a new design of patch antenna using Minkowski-Sierpinski fractal technique with substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) to resonate at 60 GHz. The antenna is proposed to be used for wireless body area network applications (WBAN). The proposed antenna is implemented using Rogers 5880 substrate with permittivity of (εr) of 2.2 and loss tangent is 0.0004, height of the substrate is 0.381 mm. Computer simulation technology-Microwave Studio (CST-MW) is used to simulate the proposed antenna. The simulated results show a wide bandwidth of 3.5 GHz between the ranges of (58.3-6

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Asha and Dahiya Sandeep. "A comprehensive review of Millimeter wave based radio over fiber for 5G front haul transmissions." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (2021): 86–100. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v14i1.2177.

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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong> To find out how fiber distribution system could be utilized for 5G based futuristic higher capacity and lower latency front haul transmission system.<strong> Findings:</strong> Integrating the transmission of Millimeter wave (Mm wave) signals over the Radio over Fiber (RoF) system i.e. Mm-RoF can be seen as a promising candidate that would satisfy the requirement imposed by 5G wireless system. Further, optical generation of Mm wave signals is a major concern that needs to be taken care of and some appropriate hybrid photonic generation metho

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Mohammed, Ayad Saad, S. T. Mustafa, Hussein Ali Mohammed, M. Hashim M., Bin Ismail Mahamod, and H. Ali Adnan. "Spectrum sensing and energy detection in cognitive networks." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (IJEECS) 17, no. 1 (2021): 465–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5242967.

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It is worth mentioning that the use of wireless systems has been increased in recent years and supposed to highly increase in the few coming years because of the increasing demands of wireless applications such as mobile phones, Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks (WSNs), mobile applications and tablets. The scarcity of spectrum needs to be into consideration when designing a wireless system specially to do the two following questions; how to utilize efficiently the spectrum available for the available networks in sharing process and how to increase the throughput delivered to t

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Abdullah, Mohammed Abdullah Al-Amodi, and Datta Amlan. "The Impact of Heterogenous Ultra-dense Network Technologies on the Performance of 4G and 5GNetworks." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) 10, no. 1 (2020): 35–44. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.A8070.1110120.

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The flood of applications that demand massive data has imposed a challenge for 5G cellular network in order to deliver high data rates, a better quality of service, and low energy consumption. Heterogenous ultra- dense networks are one of the major technologies to address such challenges. HUDNs play a big role in a cellular system. They deliver cost-effective coverage with low transmit power and high capacty to face the risen data and the high expectations of the user's performance. In this paper, we introduce the impact of small cells on the cellular system and the technologies the small

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Mohammed, Khudhur Hussein, and N. Khamiss Nasser. "Integrating millimeter wave with hybrid precoding multiuser massive MIMO for 5G communication." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 18, no. 1 (2020): 90–98. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i1.13674.

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Nowadays, there has been growing interest in the Massive MIMO as a result of improving throughput by leveraging spatial freedom and array gain. It is equipped with millimeter wave (mm Wave) bands to resolve the high path-loss. It is known from the literature that iterated algorithms are usually used to attain the hybrid precoders to accomplish a specific optimization objective. Thus, the complexity remains high because each iteration may include singular value decomposition, the matrix inversion, and so on that motivates us to split the hybrid precoding and combining problem into sub-problems.

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Muataz, W. Sabri, A. Murad Noor, and K.A. Rahim Mohammed. "Bi-directional Beams Waveguide Slotted Antenna at Millimeter Wave." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 16, no. 4 (2018): 1515–21. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v16i4.9057.

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This paper focused on designing a bi-directional beams waveguide slotted antenna at millimetre wave spectrum. Waveguide slotted antenna is known for its highly directional pattern. By having bidirectional pattern, the capacity of system coverage can be expanded. The design is implemented by using antenna slot theory on a waveguide structure. The slotted are made on two wall surfaces and the performance is compared to the slotted on single wall. The two models designs are simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave software. The simulation results show that both models operat

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Shang, Lei, Aijun Wen, Bo Li, Tonggang Wang, Yang Chen, and Ming'an Li. "An optical mm-wave generation scheme by frequency octupling using a nested MMI." Optics Communications 284, no. 24 (2011): 5618–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2011.08.070.

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Dewan, Atiqur Rahman, Yasmin Mohamad Sarah, Abdul Malek Norun, Arifur Rahman Dewan, and Normi Zabri Siti. "A Wideband mm-Wave Printed Dipole Antenna for 5G Applications." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 10, no. 3 (2018): 943–50. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v10.i3.pp943-950.

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In this paper, a wideband millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) printed dipole antenna is proposed to be used for fifth generation (5G) communications. The single element antenna exhibits a 36 GHz bandwidth with more than 85.71% fractional bandwidth (for S11 <-10 dB) which covers six of the 5G candidate frequencies; 24 GHz, 25 GHz, 28 GHz, 32 GHz, 38 GHz and 40 GHz. The antenna also exhibits an average gain of 5.34 dB with a compact size of 7.35 x 5.85 mm2. The antenna is further designed to be an array with eight elements and manage to increase the gain of the antenna with an average of 12.63 dB, a fr

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Zhu, Xi, and Lang Chen. "Recent Advances in Integrated mm-Wave Power Amplifiers for 5G and Beyond." IEEE Microwave Magazine 25, no. 12 (2024): 112–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2024.3453234.

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Tamayo-Dominguez, Adrian, Jose-Manuel Fernandez-Gonzalez, and Manuel Sierra-Perez. "Metal-Coated 3D-Printed Waveguide Devices for mm-Wave Applications [Application Notes]." IEEE Microwave Magazine 20, no. 9 (2019): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2019.2922121.

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Inoue, Akira. "Millimeter-Wave GaN Devices for 5G: Massive MIMO Antenna Arrays for Sub-6-Ghz and mm-Wave Bandwidth." IEEE Microwave Magazine 22, no. 5 (2021): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2021.3056936.

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ES-SAQY, Abdelhafid, Maryam Abata, Mohammed Fattah, et al. "High Conversion Gain Self-Oscillating Mixer for 5G mm-wave Applications." ASM Science Journal 17 (March 15, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2022.948.

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We develop in this paper, a high conversion gain self-oscillating mixer (SOM) for 5G mm-wave applications using commercial 0.15µm GaAs PHEMT from UMS foundry. The up-conversion SOM transpose the IF signal from 2 GHz to 26 GHz LSB (lower sideband) signal using a 28GHz LO signal. The simulation results show that the SOM has a maximum conversion gain of 19dB, according to our knowledge, this structure presents the highest gain compared to SOMs published in the literature. While the 1dB compression point is obtained for an IF power of -20.6 dBm. The SOM circuit consumes 129mW and it occupies an ar

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Nawaz, Asad Ali, Wasif Tanveer Khan, and Ahmet Cagri Ulusoy. "Organically Packaged Components and Modules: Recent Advancements for Microwave and mm-Wave Applications." IEEE Microwave Magazine 20, no. 11 (2019): 49–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mmm.2019.2935365.

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Tripathy, P. R. "Dynamic properties and avalanche noise analysis of 4H-SiC over wz-GaN based IMPATTs at mm-wave window frequency." Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics and Optoelectronics 14, no. 2 (2011): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/spqeo14.02.137.

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Salah Hameed, Salam, Bashar Al-Amiri, Nibbras Al-Hamadani, Osama Yhyia Al-Sudani, Montadhar Hameed Nima, and Hayder A. Fawzi. "Comparison between Flexible Uretero-Renoscope and Shock Wave Lithotripsy in ?Management of Lower Pole Renal Stones 10-20 mm?" International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 10 (2023): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr23930174514.

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M., Raja Kumar, Koteswara Rao M., AshaJyothi G., et al. "Mutual Coupling Reduction Using 8x8 MIMO Antenna for MM Wave Applications." International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science and Technology (IJIRCST) 11, no. 03 (2023): 61–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8113659.

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A 8x8 multiple input multiple output antenna is developed for the applications of MM wave. this proposed model has 8 ports on the single structure of antenna system. The proposed design gives a triple bands k-band (14.6 at-22dB), ku-band (19.6 at -28dB) and ka-band (27.6 at -27dB) which this ka-band wii be act as mm wave band for the applications of MM wave. The proposed antenna having the dimensions of 64mm x 32mm x 1.6 mm having thickness 1.6mm and the Fr4 substrate has been used for designing. The proposed antenna is designed, measured and tested.

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Qazwan, Abdullah, Abdullah Noorsaliza, Balfaqih Mohammed, et al. "Maximising system throughput in wireless powered sub-6 GHz and millimetre-wave 5G heterogeneous networks." TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control 18, no. 3 (2020): 1185–94. https://doi.org/10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i3.15049.

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Millimetre wave (mm-Wave) bands and sub-6 GHz are key technologies in solving the spectrum critical situation in the fifth generation (5G) wireless networks in achieving high throughput with low transmission power. This paper studies the performance of dense small cells that involve a millimetre wave (mm-Wave) band and sub-6 GHz that operate in high frequency to support massive multiple-input-multiple-output systems (MIMO). In this paper, we analyse the propagation path loss and wireless powered transfer for a 5G wireless cellular system from both macro cells and femtocells in the sub-6 GHz (&

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Mohammed, B. Majed, A. Rahman Tharek, and Abdul Aziz Omar. "Propagation Path Loss Modeling and Outdoor Coverage Measurements Review in Millimeter Wave Bands for 5G Cellular Communications." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 4 (2018): 2254–60. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2254-2260.

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The global bandwidth inadequacy facing wireless carriers has motivated the exploration of the underutilized millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequency spectrum for future broadband cellular communication networks, and mmWave band is one of the promising candidates due to wide spectrum. This paper presents propagation path loss and outdoor coverage and link budget measurements for frequencies above 6 GHz (mm-wave bands) using directional horn antennas at the transmitter and omnidirectional antennas at the receiver. This work presents measurements showing the propagation time delay spread and path loss

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