Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mobile banking adoption'

Mestrado em Marketing
Os serviços móveis são uma nova realidade que está mudando a forma com que as empresas se aproximam dos seus clientes através da utilização de inovações tecnológicas. O setor bancário não é exceção; os serviços de mobile banking estão mudando o relacionamento entre os bancos e seus clientes de uma forma que beneficia às duas partes. Algumas das vantagens que o mobile banking fornece aos usuários são as reduções de custos e a possibilidade de aceder às contas bancárias de qualquer lugar e em qualquer momento a partir de um dispositivo móvel. Apesar de todas as vantagens que este serviço traz para os clientes, a adoção e o uso do mobile banking não tem sido tão popular como era de esperar. Por esse motivo, é importante entender quais são os fatores que influenciam a decisão de adotar este tipo de serviço bancário. Este estudo contém informação sobre os fatores que influenciam a adoção de aplicações bancárias. Foi desenvolvido um modelo conceitual baseado na Teoria da Difusão de Inovações, onde dez fatores foram estudados (vantagem relativa, complexidade, experimentação, compatibilidade, risco, imagem, idade, educação, renda e sexo). Foi aplicado um questionário para obter dados de dois contextos diferentes (México e Portugal), este foi disponibilizado online entre os meses de Maio e Junho de 2020. As hipóteses foram testadas usando os dados quantitativos obtidos e foi concluído que diferentes fatores são relevantes dependendo do contexto de cada país.
Mobile services are a new reality that are changing the way companies approach their clients, using technological innovations. The banking sector is not the exception; mobile banking services are changing the bank-client relationship in a way that benefits both the client and the bank. Some of the advantages that mobile banking provides to the users are a cost reduction for the transactions and the possibility to access the banking account from anywhere at any time from a mobile device. However, despite the advantages that this mobile service brings to the customers, the adoption and usage of mobile banking have not been as popular as expected. For this reason, it is important to understand which factors influence the decision of adopting this banking service. This dissertation provides new insights into the factors that influence the decision to adopt mobile banking, specifically banking applications. A research model was designed based on the Diffusion of Innovation Theory, where ten factors are being studied (relative advantage, complexity, trialability, compatibility, risk, image, age, education, income, and gender). A questionnaire was applied to obtain data from two different cultural contexts (Mexico and Portugal). The questionnaire was available online between May and June 2020. The hypotheses were tested using the quantitative data obtained with the questionnaire. It was concluded that different factors of adoption are relevant depending on the country´s context.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais
Os avanços tecnológicos a nível dos dispositivos móveis estão a transformar o mundo. Os utilizadores dos serviços bancários já podem realizar operações bancários em qualquer lugar e em qualquer momento, através do mobile banking. O objectivo desta pesquisa é analisar a Intenção e a Ação, nos serviços de mobile banking. Esta pesquisa utilizou o PLS para testar as causalidades no modelo proposto. Esta pesquisa estende modelos já existentes e avalia o Uso Real do mobile banking, mas também a Intenção de Comportamento traduzida na Intenção de Uso. Este estudo concluiu que os principais determinantes da Intenção de Comportamento do mobile banking são a Influência Social e a Vantagem Relativa. Além disso, as variáveis Risco Percebido, Falta de Informação e as Barreiras de Uso têm um efeito negativo sobre a Intenção de Comportamento. A Intenção de Comportamento e o Uso do Internet banking são considerados antecedentes significativos do Uso Real do mobile banking. Este estudo apresenta contribuições tanto para acadêmicos como para profissionais.
Technological advances at the level of mobile devices are transforming the world. Banking users are able to conduct banking services at anyplace and at any time by mobile banking. The purpose of this research is to analyze Intention and Action in mobile banking services. This research used PLS to test the causalities in the proposed model. Our proposal extends the existing models with an assessment of the Actual Usage of mobile banking and how Behavioral Intention translates into Action. This study found that the main determinants of Behavioral Intention for mobile banking are the Social Influence, and Relative Advantage. Also, the variables Perceived Risk, Lack of Information and Usage Barriers have a negative effect on the mobile banking Behavioral Intention. Behavior Intention and Internet banking Use are found to be significant antecedents of mobile banking Use. This study presents contributions o both academic and practitioner communities.

Advancement in information technology has influenced various aspects of human lives. The penetration of information technology is likely to increase in future. Therefore, it is imperative that one should be aware of the factors, which encourage or discourage customers towards use of information technology and related products and services. With reference to e-commerce, organizations should analyze preferences of consumers in mobile-commerce environment and based on their findings, should adjust their product or service accordingly. The current research was based on the future research areas highlighted by Pantano and Priporas (2016) and covered the limitations of their study using a larger sample (150 customers) using the context of Pakistan. Shahid et al. (2015) Highlighted that mobile-phone industry of Pakistan is one of the vibrant industries of the world. The mobile-density of Pakistan is one of the highest of Asia. The findings of this research revealed different dimensions of independent variables. For perceived ease of use, these dimensions were understandable and easier for one to become skillful in using MBA. Likewise, for perceived usefulness, these dimensions were opportunity of processing more banking transactions and always available. Further to this, for innovativeness of user, these dimensions were being an unconventional person, prefer to experiment new things in life and prefer to obtain information about new products. Likewise, for design of application, these dimensions were using MBA is secure, using MBA has a pleasant experience on my mood, easier to navigate MBA, can customize MBA according to my needs and MBA gives me an opportunity to compare charges with competitors. Finally, for finance cost these dimensions were using MBA saves transportation cost, to and from stores and using MBA saves time of visiting Bank. In addition, this study helped in identification of relative importance of different independent variables on the dependent variables. It was revealed that perceived usefulness is the most influential factor which influences future usage intentions of the people whereas design of application is least influential factor. Likewise, finance cost and innovativeness of users are also important factors. It was suggested that MBA providers should focus on female segments as well, create awareness of MBA among older people, provide MBA in native language, and focus on promoting MBA using different dimensions such as perceived usefulness and cost efficiency. Moreover, this research contributed to previous research in various forms including identification of important dimensions of select variables as well as relative importance of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, innovativeness, design of application and cost. Researcher identified various research limitations. Future researchers should overcome these limitations.

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The convergence of the Internet, wireless technologies, and mobile devices has led to the development of a new paradigm of transacting, namely, mobile commerce. Because banking activities are easily digitised and automated, banks have seized the mobile transacting opportunity and have developed cellphone banking applications that allow more flexibility for bank clients than internet banking in terms of anywhere, anytime banking. For banks, considering the benefits associated with multi-channel customers, the ideal situation would be that bank clients using internet banking also adopt and continue to use cellphone banking in the future. Therefore, to assist marketing managers with the development of marketing strategies to enhance the concurrent use of internet and cellphone banking, this study investigates the influence of internet banking cognitive evaluations on the perceived usefulness and the perceived ease of use of cellphone banking in the formation of the intention to use and the continuance of use intention of cellphone banking. A literature review revealed that two consumer behaviour theories can guide crosschannel cognitive evaluations between the internet banking and cellphone banking channel namely, expectation-transfer theory and status quo bias theory. In the context of this study, expectation-transfer theory can explain cross-channel evaluative synergies from the internet banking channel to the cellphone banking channel, as well as dissynergies; whilst status quo bias underpins only evaluative dissynergies. These theories point to internet banking beliefs that could influence the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of cellphone banking. Based on the literature review, a conceptual model was developed of the formation of intention to use and the continuance of use intention of cellphone banking in an internet banking context. To assess the validity of the model empirically, data were collected from 678 users of only internet banking and 491 users of both internet and cellphone banking. The data collected in the empirical phase of the study were analysed using the structural equations modelling (SEM) software program AMOS 20.0. The results revealed that the perceived convenience and time saving of internet banking positively influence the perceived usefulness of cellphone banking for the users of both internet and cellphone banking. On the other hand, only the perceived convenience of internet banking influenced the cellphone banking usefulness perceptions of the users of only internet banking. Furthermore, internet banking trust and risk perceptions only influenced the cellphone banking usefulness perceptions of the users of only internet banking. Expectation-transfer in both cohorts was also confirmed between the ease of use perceptions of internet banking and the perceived ease of use of cellphone banking. The results also confirmed that internet banking facilitating conditions negatively influence the perceived usefulness of cellphone banking (evidence of status quo bias). The theoretical contribution of the study is apparent at three different levels. Firstly, the conceptual model of cross-channel cognitive evaluations extends the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with beliefs of a related technology as the determinants of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Secondly, the study provides more insights into how cross-channel cognitive evaluations influence the formation of intention to use and the continuance of use intention of cellphone banking. And lastly, the study identifies additional sources of expectation-transfer and status-quo bias in the multichannel marketing context. The study provides valuable insights into internet – cellphone banking multi-channel consumer behaviour that should be considered by managers in the development of cellphone banking marketing strategies. To facilitate the conversion from internet banking to the concurrent usage of internet and cellphone banking, managers of cellphone banking services must ensure that the internet banking service is reliable and risk free. Equally important, cellphone banking must be marketed as a complementary channel to internet banking. In other words, the usefulness of cellphone banking must be emphasised in situations when the bank client is not near a computer to do internet banking or when he/she does not have the time or money to use a computer for internet banking. And lastly, to enhance the adoption of cellphone banking marketing communications must emphasise the similarities between internet and cellphone banking so that expectation-transfer between the two channels can influence behavioural intentions to adopt cellphone banking. Based on the results of the study, several recommendations can be made to enhance the continuance of use of cellphone banking. Firstly, marketing communications must remind the concurrent users of internet and cellphone banking of why they are using cellphone banking. The most important reason to remind them of is the usefulness of cellphone banking in situations where there is a lack of internet banking facilitating conditions. Marketing managers should also take note that cellphone banking users do not draw on internet banking trust and risk perceptions to form perceptions of the usefulness of cellphone banking. It may be that they only consider trust and risk perceptions directly related to cellphone banking. This conclusion emphasises the importance of cellphone banking trust and risk perceptions in cellphone banking continuance of use behaviour. Finally, the study quantified the influence of internet banking cognitive evaluations on the formation of intention to use and the continuance of use intention of cellphone banking. Considering this result, the study provides valuable information for marketing managers of cellphone services. The methodology employed can also guide future studies exploring cross-channel evaluations in a multi-channel marketing context.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die sameloop van maklike toegang tot die Internet, die ontwikkeling van draadlose tegnologieë en die beskikbaarheid van mobiele toestelle het gelei tot ʼn nuwe transaksieparadigma, naamlik mobiele handel. Aangesien bankaktiwiteite maklik digitiseer en outomatiseer, het banke die mobiele verrigtingsgeleentheid aangegryp en selfoonbankaanwendings ontwikkel wat vir bankkliënte meer buigsaamheid as internetbankdienste inhou wat ‘enige plek, enige tyd’ bankwese betref. Gegewe die voordele van multikanaal gebruik, is die ideaal vir banke dat kliënte wat internetbankdienste gebruik, ook selfoonbankdienste aanvaar en in die toekoms bly gebruik. Met die oog daarop om bemarkingsbestuurders by te staan in die ontwikkeling van bemarkingstrategieë om die gelyktydige gebruik van internet- en selfoonbankdienste te bevorder, ondersoek hierdie studie die invloed van kognitiewe evaluerings oor internetbankwese op die waargenome nuttigheid en waargenome maklike gebruik van selfoonbankdienste in die vorming van die gebruiksvoorneme en voortgesette gebruiksvoorneme ten opsigte van selfoonbankdienste. ʼn Literatuuroorsig het getoon dat twee verbruikersgedragsteorieë kruiskanaal kognitiewe evaluerings tussen die internetbankkanaal en selfoonbankkanaal kan voorlig, naamlik, Verwagtingsoordragteorie (“Expectation-transfer Theory”) en Status Quo Vooroordeel Teorie (“Status Quo Bias Theory”). In die konteks van hierdie studie kan Verwagtingsoordragteorie kruiskanaalevalueringsinergieë en dissinergieë van die internetbankkanaal na die selfoonbankkanaal toe verduidelik, terwyl Status Quo Vooroordeel Teorie slegs evaluerende dissinergieë stut. Hierdie teorieë belig internetbankoortuigings wat die waargenome nuttigheid en waargenome maklike gebruik van selfoonbankdienste kan beïnvloed. ʼn Konseptuele model van die vorming van die gebruiksvoorneme en voortgesette gebruiksvoorneme van selfoonbankdienste in ʼn internetbankkonteks is op grond van die literatuuroorsig ontwikkel. Met die oog daarop om die geldigheid van die model empiries te bepaal, is data van 678 gebruikers van slegs internet bankdienste en 491 gebruikers van internet sowel as selfoonbankdienste ingesamel. Die data wat tydens die empiriese fase van die studie ingesamel is, is met behulp van die strukturele vergelykingsmodelleringsagtewareprogram (“structural equations modelling” (SEM)) AMOS 20.0 analiseer. Volgens die resultate het die waargenome gerieflikheid en tydbesparing van internetbankwese die waargenome nuttigheid van selfoonbankdienste positief beïnvloed by gebruikers van beide internet en selfoonbankdienste. Hierteenoor het slegs die waargenome gerieflikheid van internetbankdienste die selfoonbankdiensnuttigheidswaarnemings van gebruikers van slegs internetbankdienste beïnvloed. Verder het internetbankdiensvertroue en risikowaarnemings slegs die selfoonbankdiensnuttigheid van die gebruikers van slegs internetbankdienste beïnvloed. Verwagtingsoordrag in beide kohorte is ook bevestig tussen die maklike gebruik persepsies van internetbankdienste en die waargenome maklike gebruik van selfoonbankdienste. Die resultate bevestig ook dat internetbankfasiliteringsomstandighede die waargenome nuttigheid van selfoonbankdienste negatief beïnvloed (manifestering van status quo vooroordeel). Die teoretiese bydrae van die studie blyk op drie vlakke. Eerstens brei die konseptuele model van kruiskanaal kognitiewe evaluerings die Tegnologie Aanvaardingsmodel (“Technology Acceptance Model” (TAM)) uit ten opsigte van oortuigings oor ʼn verwante tegnologie as die bepalers van waargenome nuttigheid en waargenome maklike gebruik. Die studie bied tweedens ook insigte in hoe kruiskanaal kognitiewe evaluerings die vorming van gebruiksvoorneme en voortgesette gebruiksvoorneme van selfoonbankdienste beïnvloed. Die studie identifiseer laastens ook addisionele verwagtingsoordrag- en status quo vooroordeel bronne in die multikanaalbemarkingskonteks. Die studie bied waardevolle insig oor internet – selfoonbankmultikanaal-verbruikersgedrag wat bestuurders in die ontwikkeling van selfoonbank-diensbemarkingstrategieë moet oorweeg. Om die oorskakeling van internetbankdienste na die gelyktydige gebruik van internet en selfoonbankdienste te fasiliteer, moet bestuurders van selfoonbankdienste verseker dat internetbankdienste betroubaar en risikovry is. Wat net so belangrik is, is dat selfoonbankwese as ʼn komplementêre kanaal tot internet bankwese bemark moet word. Die nuttigheid van selfoonbankwese moet, met ander woorde, beklemtoon word in situasies waar die kliënt nie naby ʼn rekenaar is vir internetbankgebruik nie of wanneer hy/sy nie die geld of tyd het om ʼn rekenaar vir internetbankdienste te gebruik nie. Laastens, om die aanvaarding van selfoonbankwese te versterk, moet bemarkingskommunikasiemateriaal die ooreenkomste tussen internet en selfoonbankwese op so ʼn wyse beklemtoon dat verwagtingsoordrag tussen die twee kanale gedragsvoornemens om selfoonbankdienste te aanvaar, beïnvloed. Verskeie aanbevelings spruit voort uit die resultate oor hoe die voortgesette gebruik van selfoonbankdienste verhoog kan word. Eerstens moet bemarkingskommunikasieboodskappe die gelyktydige gebruikers van internet en selfoonbankwese herinner waarom hulle selfoonbankdienste gebruik. Die belangrikste rede in hierdie verband is die nuttigheid van selfoonbankwese in situasies waar internetbankfasiliteringsomstandighede afwesig is. Bemarkingsbestuurders moet ook in ag neem dat selfoonbankgebruikers nie op internetbankvertroue en risikowaarnemings steun om persepsies oor die nuttigheid van selfoonbankwese te vorm nie. Hulle oorweeg waarskynlik net vertroue en risikopersepsies wat direk met selfoonbankdienste verband hou. Hierdie gevolgtrekking beklemtoon die belangrikheid van vertroue in selfoonbankdienste en riskowaarnemings in voortgesette selfoonbankgebruikgedrag. Laastens, die studie kwantifiseer die invloed van kognitiewe evaluering oor internetbankwese in die vorming van selfoonbankwese gebruiksvoorneme en voortgesette gebruiksvoorneme. Veral in die lig van hierdie resultaat bied die studie waardevolle inligting vir selfoonbankdiensbemarkingsbestuurders. Die metodes wat gebruik is, kan ook verdere studies waarin kruiskanaalevaluerings in ʼn multikanaal-bemarkingskonteks ondersoek word, rig.

“Over the past ten years, ITCs have become an important element in sustaining economic growth and poverty reduction through increasing efficiencies, enabling the delivery of social services, or creating new sources of income and employment” (Fourati, 2009, p. 37) . m-banking is one such technological development that has a potential to increase economic participation by low-income consumers. This research examines the factors influencing the adoption of mobile banking by low-income consumers in South Africa, with a special focus on the banking needs of the poor. The research framework was adapted from Tan and Teo (2000) and assessed the impact of these nine variables on the intention to adopt m-banking: relative advantage, compatibility with values, compatibility with banking needs, compatibility with cell phone use experience, complexity, “trialibility”, risk, self-efficacy and support. Data for this study was collected through a physical hardcopy survey in Soweto, in Gauteng.The research found that low-income consumers will consider adopting m-banking as long as it is offers them an improved way over the current mechanisms of managing their money, it is compatible with their financial services needs and they consider themselves as having the necessary skills to use it.
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted

This aim of this study was to establish if individual characteristics have an impact on the adoption of cellphone banking amongst low-income (Mzansi) consumers. The second component of the study then set out to assess the impact that cellphone banking adoption has on the financial behaviour of these consumers. This data was obtained using the data mining technique. Data from one of the local banks was extracted and analysed. In addition to using descriptive statistics, the ANOVA was used. The ANOVA is an inferential statistical method. It establishes whether there is a relationship with the defined variable and the adoption of cellphone banking. Race, age, income, gender, number of bank products and channel of registration where the variables that were analysed. With the exception of age, no other variable had an impact on adoption for both Mzansi customers as well as the entire base. The subsequent post adoption behaviour analysis that was conducted identified some key behaviour changes. Consumers who adopted cellphone banking significantly increased (>300%) their demand of prepaid products. Secondly, the demand for cash amongst adopters was lower than the demand from non-adopters which could signal a shift towards cashless solutions. And finally, the cellphone banking adopters were found to perform more transactions prior to adoption when compared to non adopters thereby demonstrating a higher need for a mobile banking solution. Copyright
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted

The fundamental aim of this thesis is to propose and examine a conceptual model that best explains the key factors influencing Jordanian customers' intentions and usage of SST banking channels: Internet banking, Mobile banking, and Telebanking.

Emerging technologies and innovations have provided smart solutions for conducting business and enhancing the livelihood of individuals, particularly those in developing countries. A high penetration of smartphones and technological advancements have afforded banking consumers an opportunity to transact on mobile electronic banking platforms using mobile devices such as smartphones. This method of banking has been perceived as convenient and cost-effective in the market, providing consumers with full access to their bank account profiles and the ability to manage it from anywhere, and at any time. Mobile banking services have been highly adopted by young people. The adoption rate among the elderly is reported to be low compared to other age groups. Scholars indicate that this research area has been overlooked, thus it is a challenge to understand what enables or hinders the elderly from adopting and using mobile banking. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors that influence the adoption of mobile banking by the elderly in the South African context. The findings of this study may help banking institutions to provide mobile banking applications that are designed in alignment with the needs of the elderly and improve adoption by the ageing population that is reportedly growing. The purpose of the study is to identify the enablers and barriers that influence the adoption of mobile banking among the elderly in developing countries; understand the perceptions of the elderly towards mobile banking and propose guiding principles to be considered by mobile banking providers. The study followed an interpretive approach. Qualitative data was collected using interviews (focus groups and individual interviews), and a systematic literature review was conducted. The Actor-Network Theory was adopted as a lens to interpret the data and understand the adoption of mobile banking by the elderly. The findings of this exploratory study were aligned with previous studies that reported low adoption of mobile banking technology by the elderly. The results indicate that a lack of information and understanding, security, trust, demographic factors, language, the complexity of mobile banking applications, and resistance to change are barriers that influence adoption. Convenience, unlimited access and cost-effectiveness were identified as important enablers that favour the adoption of mobile banking. The study sheds light on the elderly community’s perceptions and willingness to use mobile banking. The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by identifying the factors that influence the adoption of mobile banking by the elderly, particularly in a developing country context. This study further highlights the application of the Actor-Network Theory as a theoretical framework for examining the interplay and complex relationship between the elderly and mobile banking. The study proposes a model for understanding the adoption of mobile banking by the elderly coupled with guiding principles for consideration by banking institutions and mobile banking providers. The study collected data from South African elderly citizens (aged 60 and above) residing in KwaZulu Natal province. Future studies may extend the research through collecting additional data from other provinces across urban and rural settings. This study was conducted in a cross-sectional nature and future studies can look at conducting a longitudinal research project. Additionally, this study only solicited the perceptions of the elderly, the research may be expanded by collecting data from other actors such as banking institutions and mobile banking providers.
Dissertation (MIT)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
CSIR
Informatics
MIT
Unrestricted

Nesta dissertação são investigados os fatores que influenciam a adoção de inovações com base na proposta e aplicação de um modelo integrativo dentro do contexto de adoção do mobile banking. Para tanto, foram utilizados modelos consagrados de teorias de adoção de inovações e tecnologias e de previsão de comportamentos, considerando atitudes e intenção em relação ao comportamento, modelos estes aplicados de maneira integrada por alguns autores. Buscou-se então a proposição de um modelo que proporcionasse uma explicação mais aprofundada dos fatores antecedentes à adoção de uma inovação, e que também possibilitasse o estudo da relação entre esses fatores. Adicionalmente, comparou-se os fatores influenciadores de adoção de mobile banking, entre usuários e não usuários do serviço, de forma a identificar diferenças no processo de adoção entre os dois grupos. As principais contribuições desta dissertação são a identificação dos fatores mais importantes no processo de adoção do mobile banking e suas relações, e a proposição uma linha de pesquisa para estudos científicos sobre serviços móveis, área que tem obtido grande interesse dos pesquisadores. O método de coleta de dados utilizado nesta dissertação foi baseado em survey com questionários autoadministrados pela internet. Em relação à análise dos resultados, optou-se pelo uso do mínimo quadrado parcial (Partial Least Squares ou PLS) para a obtenção não apenas das relações dos construtos independentes e dependentes, mas também das relações existentes entre todos os construtos do modelo proposto. Destaca-se por fim que o modelo proposto possibilita a explicação elevada da proporção da variância do construto intenção, obtendo-se diferenças significativas entre os padrões de adoção de usuários e não usuários de mobile banking. Estes resultados possibilitam um avanço de um modelo teórico, para o delineamento de uma linha de pesquisa para futuros estudos sobre a adoção de serviços oferecidos por meio de telefone celular.
In this Project, factors that influence innovations adoption are investigated based on an integrative model applications proposal within mobile banking adoption context. Therefore, consecrated theoretical models, widely applied on innovation and technology adoption theories and behavior predicting based on attitudes and intentions towards a behavior, are considered integrated as previously proposed by some authors. In addition, the project proposes a model that allows a deeper investigation on antecedents factors towards innovation adoption and also studies existents relations within these factors. Furthermore, mobile banking users and non users adoption influence factors were compared targeting to investigate possible difference among the two groups. This projects main contributions are the identification of the most relevant factors within mobile banking adoption process and these factors relations among themselves and the proposition of a research line for scientific studies on mobile services adoption, area that has obtained great interest from researchers. Data collection method used in this project was based on the survey method with self administrated questionnaires over the internet. For data analysis, Partial Least Square (PLS) method was used to identify relations not only within independent and dependent constructs but also within all constructs in the proposed model. To sum up, the proposed model offers a high variance explanation of the intention construct, offering significant differences among mobile banking users and non users adoption patterns, considering a theory model that allows the possible definition of a research line for future research on adoption of services offered via a mobile phone.

With the convergence of banking services and mobile technologies, users are able to conduct banking services at any place and at any time through mobile banking (Gu, Lee&Suh, 2009). This research examines the factors influencing the adoption of mobile banking by the Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) in South Africa, with a special focus on trust, perceived cost and perceived risk including the facets of perceived risks: performance risk, security/privacy risk, time risk, social risk and financial risk. The research model includes the original variables of extended technology acceptance model (TAM2) (Venkatesh&Davis, 2000). Data from this study was collected through a physical hardcopy survey in townships around Gauteng. The research has found that customers in the BOP will consider adopting mobile banking as long as it is perceived to be useful and perceived to be easy to use. But the most critical factor for the customer is cost; the service should be affordable. Furthermore, the mobile banking service providers, both the banks and mobile network providers, should be trusted. Trust was found to be significantly negatively correlated to perceived risk. Thus, trust plays a role in risk mitigation and in enhancing customer loyalty. Copyright
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted

L’étude de la confiance dans le domaine des sciences de l’information et de la communication revêt une importance capitale pour cette discipline au carrefour des autres. Elle permet d’affiner mais aussi de compléter les connaissances pour une meilleure appréhension des phénomènes informationnels et communicationnels. La confiance du fait de sa nature jugée trop théorique, reste très peu mobilisée dans les recherches comme une variable explicative des phénomènes de l’information et de la communication.L’objectif de ce travail est de mesurer le niveau de confiance des utilisateurs dans « orange money ». Ce service de transaction monétaire par téléphone mobile fait désormais partie de la gamme des services proposés à la population malienne par la société de télécommunication Orange Mali. En vue d’atteindre cet objectif, un questionnaire a été administré auprès de 309 citadins dans le district de Bamako (Mali).Les résultats issus du traitement et de l’analyse des données collectées montrent que, les répondants ont un niveau élevé de confiance dans les transactions monétaires sur téléphone mobile. Cependant, il ressort de ces résultats une méfiance généralisée des participants à l’enquête à donner leurs informations personnelles à Orange Mali. L’ensemble de ces résultats sont interprétés dans un chapitre dédié.Le présent de thèse s’articule autour de dix chapitres. Il se compose de trois grandes parties dont la première est consacrée à la présentation des concepts théoriques de la confiance, le contexte économique et social. La deuxième partie se focalise sur l’analyse des données et l’interprétation des résultats de l’étude. La troisième partie est focalisée à la mise en perspectives des principaux résultats de ce travail
The study of trust in the field of information and communication science is of paramount importance in this discipline at the crossroad of others research field. It helps to refine and to supplement the knowledge to a better understanding of informational and communicational phenomena. Trust due to it theoretical aspects, is rarely mobilized in research as an explanatory variable in information and communication sciences.The objective of this work is to measure the level of trust of "Orange Money" users. This money transfer system based on mobile phone is now part of the range of services offered by the company of telecommunications Orange Mali to Malian populations. In order to achieve this, a questionnaire was administered to 309 citizens in the district of Bamako, the main city of Mali.Results from the processing of collected data show a high level of confidence of users in monetary transactions by mobile phone. However, the result shows a general distrust of survey participants to give their personal information to Orange Mali. All these results are interpreted in a dedicated chapter.The present thesis focuses on ten chapters organized into three parts: the first is devoted to the presentation of theoretical concepts on trust, economic and social context. The second part focuses on the analysis, processing and interpretation of data collected on our field survey. And finally, in the third part, we try to put into perspective the results

This study aims to provide an overview of the attitude toward mobile banking among early adopters in Myanmar. By conducting exploratory interviews with ten bank employees, factors that are important for the adoption of mobile banking were also identified. The qualitative method allowed factors beyond the existing technology adoption frameworks to emerge. From the results, it was concluded that the attitude toward mobile banking is overall positive among the early adopters. Findings were aligned with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), suggesting that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are important factors for the usage of mobile banking. Social influence did not show any consistent results, but external barriers such as regulations and cash-based society were evidently important factors for adoption. Moreover, experience showed to have an impact on the participants’ attitude and the adoption of mobile banking. The findings from this paper could work as a foundation when formulating future hypotheses for mobile banking adoption in Myanmar. Regarding practical contributions, banks can get an insight into what is important to focus on when designing a strategy to increase the rate of mobile banking adoption. For future research, it would be of interest to extend the sample and collect data from both users and non-users.
Denna studie syftar till att ge en övergripande bild av attityden mot mobila banktjänster bland tidiga användare i Myanmar. Genom explorativa intervjuer med tio bankanställda, identifierades också faktorer som är viktiga för att anamma mobila banktjänster. Den kvalitativa metoden möjliggjorde faktorer som ligger utanför de befintliga teoretiska ramverken att vara del av studien. Från resultaten drogs slutsatsen att attityden mot mobila banktjänster är övergripande positiv bland de tidiga användarna. Resultaten låg i linje med modellen Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), vilket tyder på att uppskattad användbarhet och uppskattad användarvänlighet är viktiga faktorer för anammandet av mobila banktjänster. Socialt inflytande visade inga konsekventa resultat, men externa barriärer som regleringar samt kontantbaserat samhälle visade sig vara viktiga faktorer för anammandet till mobila banktjänster. Dessutom påverkade erfarenhet deltagarnas attityd mot och anammandet av mobila banktjänster. Resultaten från denna rapport kan användas som en grund vid formulering av hypoteser i framtida forskning inom implementering av mobila banktjänster i Myanmar. Vad gäller det praktiska bidrag från denna studie, kan bankerna få en inblick i vad som är viktigt att fokusera på vid utformning av strategi för att öka användningen av mobila banktjänster. För framtida forskning vore det intressant att utöka urvalet av deltagare och samla in data från både användare och icke-användare.

The ubiquitous nature of mobile phones and their popularity has led to opportunistic value added services (VAS), such as mobile money, riding on this phenomenon to be implemented. Several studies have been done to find factors that influence the adoption of mobile money and other information systems. The thesis looks at factors determining the uptake of mobile money over cellular networks with a special emphasis on aspects relating to perceived security even though other factors namely perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived trust and perceived cost were also looked at. The research further looks at the security threats introduced to mobile money by virtue of the nature, architecture, standards and protocols of Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). The model employed for this research was the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Literature review was done on the security of GSM. Data was collected from a sample population around Harare, Zimbabwe using physical questionnaires. Statistical tests were performed on the collected data to find the significance of each construct to mobile money adoption. The research has found positive correlation between perceived security concerns and the adoption of money mobile money services over cellular networks. Perceived usefulness was found to be the most important factor in the adoption of mobile money. The research also found that customers need to trust the network service provider and the systems in use for them to adopt mobile money. Other factors driving consumer adoption were found to be perceived ease of use and perceived cost. The findings show that players who intend to introduce mobile money should strive to offer secure and useful systems that are trustworthy without making the service expensive or difficult to use. Literature review done showed that there is a possibility of compromising mobile money transactions done over GSM

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Mobility-based technology is affecting the way people buy goods and services, how people communicate among themselves and even the way to use services provided by banks, institutions that already tread a digital transformation path in Brazil. Combination of information technology, internet and mobile devices has resulted in technological innovations, allowing most of the banking transactions to be carried out safely through smartphones and tablets. However, data from the banking industry and scientific research show little adherence to that innovative service: mobile banking. In this context, the objective of this research was to understand what cultural factors affect mobile banking usage in an emergent country from Latin America region. Applying structural equation modeling on a model that combines UTAUT2 theory and cultural dimensions of Hofstede, research confirms that Individualism / Collectivism and Long Term Orientation effectivelly affect mobile banking adoption. However, three other cultural dimensions do not support it: Uncertainty Avoidance, Masculinity/Femininity and Power Distance.
A tecnologia baseada em mobilidade tem afetado a forma como compram-se bens e serviços, o modo de comunicação entre as pessoas e, quiçá, a maneira de utilizar-se os serviços dos bancos, instituições que já trilham um caminho de transformação digital no Brasil. A combinação da tecnologia da informação, da internet e dos dispositivos móveis resultou em inovações tecnológicas, permitindo que a maior parte das transações bancárias seja realizada, de forma segura, por meio de smartphones e tablets. Porém, os dados do segmento bancário e da pesquisa científica mostram pouca adesão a esse serviço inovador – o mobile banking. Neste contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi entender quais fatores culturais afetam o uso do mobile banking em um país emergente da América Latina. Utilizando modelagem por equações estruturais sobre um modelo que combina a teoria de UTAUT2 e as dimensões culturais de Hofstede, confirmou-se que Individualismo/Coletivismo e Orientação por Longo Prazo são dimensões culturais que afetam a escolha pelo uso de mobile banking, não havendo suporte para as dimensões de Aversão à Incerteza, Masculinidade/Feminilidade e Distância de Poder.

Au cours de ces dernières années, les technologies mobiles ont créé des conditions de marché très concurrentielles. Face à cette nouvelle conjoncture, les banques ont lancé la banque mobile, une innovation technologique en milieu bancaire comme une nouvelle opportunité à saisir. Cette étude pose une question liée au cœur des principaux problèmes rencontrés dans le domaine bancaire : qui investit le plus dans les TIC, et qui vise à développer des relations à long terme avec ses clients. Afin de produire une valeur ajoutée sur les investissements technologiques, il devient important pour les banques d’assurer l’adoption de ces services par leurs clients dans un premier temps et d’assurer la survie de ces services (la continuité de l’utilisation) par le développement des relations durables et rentables avec les clients dans un deuxième temps. Ceci signifie que la compréhension des comportements des clients nécessite deux phases : la phase « adoption » et la phase « post-adoption ». La thèse vise, d’une part, à explorer les facteurs influençant l’adoption de la banque mobile par les clients et, d’autre part, à formuler un cadre explicatif de l’effet de ces facteurs pour établir et améliorer des relations entre les banques et leurs clients. L’analyse des données recueillies par questionnaire administré en face à face auprès de 282 répondants, identifie trois segments de clients : non utilisateurs, utilisateurs et adopteurs. L'analyse explicative réalisée par la méthode PLS relève le rôle important joué par quatre facteurs : l’utilité perçue, le risque perçu, la sécurité perçue et l’effort attendu dans les deux phases
In recent years, mobile technologies have created very competitive market conditions. Facing this new environment, banks have launched mobile banking, a technological innovation in banking sector, as a new opportunity to seize. This study raises a question related to the heart of the main problems in banking: who invests the most in ICT, and who aims to develop long-term relationships with its clients. To produce added value on technological investments, it becomes important for banks to ensure the adoption of these services by their clients at first time and ensure the survival of these services (continuity of use) through the development of sustainable and profitable customer relationships in a second time. This means that the understanding of customer behavior requires two phases: the "adoption" phase and the "post-adoption" phase. The thesis aims, first, to explore the factors influencing the adoption of mobile banking by customers and, second, to formulate an explanatory framework of the effect of these factors to establish and improve relations between banks and their customers.The analysis of data collected by questionnaires administered face to face with 282 respondents identifies three customer segments: non-users, users and adopters. The explanatory analysis by the PLS method highlights the important role played by four factors: perceived usefulness, perceived risk, perceived safety and the expected effort in the two phases

Bakgrund Klyftan mellan teknikanvändningen i olika åldrar växer. Framtidenspensionärer behöver kunna använda tekniska hjälpmedel. Samtidigt minskar kontanthanteringen i samhället och äldre får allt svårare att hantera sin ekonomi. Som lösning på denna förändring presenterades betallösningen Swish. Syfte Syftet med denna studie är att få en ökad förståelse för individers uppfattning och användning av betalningsapplikationer. Studien ämnar att undersöka hur olika individer i åldern 40-67 år upplever mobila betalningsapplikationer och om det är möjligt att främja adoptionsprocessen av dessa. Metod En kvalitativ studie som tagit utgångspunkt i verkligheten. Insamling av primärdata genom semistrukturerade intervjuer som har genomförts med både sakkunniga och privatpersoner. De sakkunniga har bidragit med ökad kunskap kring applikationen Swish. Som ett komplement till intervjuerna med icke-användare av Swish har författarna använt ett experiment för att testa intervjupersonernas förmåga samt för att få en djupare förståelse kring hur de uppfattar applikationen. Den insamlade empirin har sedan varit utgångspunkt för de teman som presenteras i studiens analysavsnitt. Slutsats Det går att påverka anammandet av mobila betalnings-applikationer. Det är sambandet mellan individens bankrelation, självbild av teknisk förmåga och triggerhändelser som är avgörande för hur kunden tar till sig dessa tjänster. Genom ett stöttande kundbemötande kan anammande främjas.
The divide between how people of different ages make use of technology grows. Future retirees will have to be capable of using assistive technology. As banks no longer keep and manage cash, older people find it increasingly difficult to manage their finances. To this problem, the payment solution Swish was introduced. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of how users perceive and use payment applications. The study examines how individuals aged between 40-67 experience payment applications and whether it is possible to influence those who do not use them or not. This is a qualitative study based on actual user experiences. Primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews with both experts and users. The experts have contributed with their knowledge of Swish. As a complement to the interviews with people that do not use Swish, the authors used tested the interviewees' ability and to gain a deeper understanding of how they perceive the application through an experiment. The themes presented in the study's analysis section are based on empirical data. It is possible to influence user adoption of mobile payment applications. How customers embrace such services depend on a combination of factors like their relationship with the bank, how they perceive their own technical ability and customer trigger events. Technology adoption can be facilitated by offering supporting customer service to non-users.

碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
資訊管理所
91
In recent years, the continuously increasing number of users of mobile phone make mobile commerce comes up. For the sake of competition advantage, bankers allied with mobile operators to develop mobile banking services. At present bankers concern about mobile banking system are STK (SIM application Tool Kit), WAP (Wireless Application Protocol), and FISC Mobile Banking System. Each of these systems has advantage and disadvantage. Hence system selection of mobile banking is an important problem to a bank as the mobile banking system is a long-term investment for the bank. The main goal of this research is to investigate the influencing factor of banking sectors introduce the mobile banking system. This study uses a technology-organization-environment framework and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method to investigate banker innovation adoption mobile banking system. According to literature studies of organization innovation adoption, and the circumstance of mobile banking systems, we construct our framework. This framework has four layers and divides into three aspects, and twenty-four criteria are estimated. This study divides questionnaires into three groups, top managers, middle managers, and junior managers, to analysis. The research find out the different manager class has various viewpoints when banks introduce the mobile banking system.

碩士
國立交通大學
企業管理碩士學程
99
Although mobile banking has been introduced in Vietnam market since 2003, reports on mobile banking service in Vietnam show that the percentage of mobile banking user among mobile subscriptions is still very low and potential user may not be using this service, despite their availability. Thus, the objective of this research is to identify the factors determining Vietnamese users’ acceptance of mobile banking. This study applied Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which has been considerably used to predict whether an individual will accept and voluntarily use information technology, with focus on two important factors: perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Supported by literature review, the study extended TAM by adding more factors: perceived risks, facilitating condition and personal innovativeness in technology which are predicted to have noticeable impact on mobile- banking adoption in Vietnam. Data collected from 159 respondents in Vietnam were tested against the extended TAM, using SPSS software. The result strongly supported all the hypotheses in predicting users’ intention to adopt mobile banking and indicated important role of personal innovativeness in technology in turning users’ intention to actual usage. The study also suggested bankers and mobile network providers in Vietnam utilizing marketing communication tools to encourage personal innovativeness factor in order to increase the actual adoption rate of mobile banking.

Dissertação apresentada como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estatística e Gestão de Informação, especialização em Análise e Gestão de Risco
Mobile banking (MBanking) is an innovative method for accessing banking services via a channel whereby the customer interacts with a bank via a mobile device (e.g mobile phone or personal digital assistant). This paper attempts to understand the importance and relationship between the rational knowledge, using the task technology fit model (TTF), the empirical knowledge, using the unified theory of acceptance and use technology model (UTAUT) and individual first impressions beliefs, using an initial trust model, on the adoption of MBanking. We found that facilitating conditions, behavior intention, task technology fit, technology characteristics, performance expectancy and initial trust have a significant effect on MBanking adoption. In addition, we found that the overall effect of task technology fit, technology characteristics, performance expectancy and initial trust on behavior intention have an overpowering effect on effort expectancy and social influence. Hence, the importance of the development of a conceptual model that integrates TTF, UTAUT and initial trust to explain MBanking adoption was proven. Our model explained 66.7% of MBanking adoption. The theoretical and managerial implications of these results are discussed.
Mobile Banking (MBanking) é um método inovador para aceder aos serviços bancários que permito ao cliente interagir com o banco via um dispositivo móvel (como por exemplo, um telemóvel ou um personal digital assistant). Este trabalho tem como objetivo entender a importância da relação entre o conhecimento racional, usando para esse efeito o modelo task technology fit (TTF), o conhecimento empírico, usando para esse efeito o modelo unified theory of acceptance and use technology (UTAUT) e as primeiras impressões pessoais, usando para esse efeito um modelo com base na confiança inicial. Os resultados indicam que os constructos facilitating conditions, behavior intention, task technology fit, technology characteristics, performance expectancy e initial trust têm um efeito significativo na adoção de MBanking. Os resultados indicam, também, que o efeito total dos constructos technology characteristics, performance expectancy e initial trust na intenção de usar MBanking suplanta o efeito dos constructos effort expectancy e social influence. A importância do uso de um modelo integrado entre TTF, UTAUT e confiança inicial é, por isso, provada. O nosso modelo explica 66.7% da adoção de MBanking. As implicações teóricas e práticas dos resultados são discutidas.

碩士
國立中興大學
資訊管理學系所
104
According to the financial crisis, 20,000 branches have been closed in Europe under the cost considerations. To change customers’ usage habit online, banks in Europe and America utilize online bank, mobile app, and other automatic services as tools to reduce branches. In 2015, Bank 3.0 was promoted in Taiwan by Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC). Simultaneously, there were 12 services provided on online bank, and the digital financial services are replacing traditional counter service rapidly. In addition, over ten million people have smartphone or tablet in Taiwan, and people who has used mobile Internet is nearly ten million. Undoubtedly, mobile bank is one of the best platform for banking to provide services for customers in the digital era. In this study, we integrate Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), Task-Technology Fit (TTF) and perceived risk to explore user’s behavioral intention about using mobile bank and other additional services. People living in Taiwan is our study object. We adopt online questionnaire to collect research data and use Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) to verify critical factors about user’s behavioral intention on using mobile bank and other additional services. The results show that Task-Technology Fit is the critical factor to influence user’s performance expectations.Task-Technology Fit and Performance Task are the other critical factors to influence user’s behavioral intention. Therefore, providing enough services and fulfilling user’s demand are critical factors for user to use mobile bank continually. Additionally, we also find that perceived risk in this study has negative influence on user’s behavioral intention and the promotion of additional service can effectively upgrade user’s behavioral intention. At last, according to the result in this study, we consider that the banking should improve the development of mobile bank and strengthen the cooperation with cross industry to provide better financial services for customers.

碩士
中國文化大學
全球商務碩士學位學程碩士班
105
The rapid development of internet and popularization of mobile phones has stimulated the banking and financial sectors towards encouraging customers to use mobile banking. This paper examines empirically the factors that affect the adoption of mobile banking in the Philippines. Data were collected from 421 Filipino using online questionnaires. This study uses factor analysis and multiple regressions to analyze the factors that affect the behavioral intention to adopt Mobile Banking in the Philippines. The results revealed that perceived attitude and perceived behavioral control were key dimensions that affect the behavioral intention to adopt Mobile Banking. In particular, relative advantage, compatibility, observability, and trialability, were found to affect attitude factor. In addition, self-efficacy, technology support and government support were similarly ascertained to affect perceived behavioral control factor. The results of this study will have useful implications for banking industry in the Philippines.

The present study originates from the theme of innovation, more specifically the innovation of the business model. Over the past few years, business models have gained increasing importance in business and academia because of their extreme importance to the success of any company or entity. In the financial and banking industry, technology has been evolving without any precedents, so banks seek to develop and innovate their business models in order to contribute positively to consumer expectations. Mobile bankig is a successful example. However, a question arises on the demand side, is the consumer ready to adopt such innovation from the banks? This investigation seeks therefore to understand the factors that may explain the adoption of mobile banking as being a bank innovation. To verify the importance of the dimensions of the model, a quantitative exploratory study was carried out through the application of a questionnaire given to adult individuals with a bank account in Portugal. A research model was created resulting from the combination of the variables identified in the Diffusion of Innovation theory, with the variables of perceived risk and personal innovativeness. The results show that the adoption of mobile banking is supported by relative advantage, compatibility, perceived risk and, finally, personal innovativeness.

Yes
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify and examine the most important factors that could predict the Saudi customer’s continued intention towards adoption of mobile banking. Design/methodology/approach The proposed conceptual model was based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and task-technology fit (TTF) model. This is also expanded by considering two additional factors: perceived privacy and perceived security. By using a self-administered questionnaire, the data were collected from a convenience sample of Saudi banking customers from different parts of Saudi Arabia. Findings The main results based on structural equation modelling analyses supported the impact of perceived privacy, perceived security, perceived usefulness and TTF on the customers’ continued intention to use mobile banking. Research limitations/implications The moderation influence of the demographic factors (i.e. age, gender, income level, educational level) was not tested. The data were also collected using a self-report questionnaire; however, it would be more accurate to utilise more statistics from the bank database about the users of m-banking. Originality/value This study represents a worthy attempt to test such novel technology (m-banking) in the KSA where there is a scarcity of literature. A considerable theoretical contribution was also made by integrating the TTF model with the TAM in addition to consider privacy and security in one single model. Moreover, considering both perceived privacy and security in the current model creates an accurate picture about the adoption of m-banking especially as there are a limited number of m-banking studies that have considered privacy and security alongside the TTF model and TAM in the same model.

This study analyses the access and use of financial services by small business owners in the cities of Mozambique, as an important tool for boosting economic growth and diminishing inequality. It correlates owners’ and business characteristics with the probability of adopting Points-of-Sale (POS), Mobile Banking and Mobile Money in everyday transactions. The main findings highlight that what mostly affects the use of POS is the size of business and the volume of transactions (positively correlated with POS adoption), while using mobile phone technologies for payments predominantly depends on the owner’s age and whether he/she is a frequent cellphone user. Moreover, to increase the use of electronic means of payment it is necessary to increase financial literacy and improve the banking services.
NSBE - UNL

Thesis (M.M. (ICT Policy and Regulation))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, Graduate School of Public and Development Management, 2013.
Cannot copy abstract.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
102
Based on trust and antecedents of trust, this research wants to discuss the factors that influence consumer’s behavior intention on mobile banking. Meanwhile, this study investigates the moderating effects of experience on the hypothesized model. With data collected from online survey, 830 effective samples are generated, and are further analysis via Amos 22.0 and SPSS12.0. The analytic results showed that “calculative-based trust,” “structural assurances,” “situational normality,” have positive significant effect on “trust;” “disposition to trust” have positive significant effect on “structural Assurances,” “situational normality,” “calculative-based trust,” furthermore, “trust” have positive significant effect on “intention.” According to the analytic results, managerial implications to bank managers include the stress on antecedents of trust, which then lead to consumer’s trust on mobile banking, and finally upgrade consumer’s behavior intention to adopt mobile banking services.

Yes
Banks seem to be one of the most business that are really interested in such systems to provide their customers better services as well as to enhance their effectiveness and efficiency. However, the successful implementation of Mobile banking largely depends on the extent of how much customers are fully motivated to adopt it. In fact, over the Jordanian context, the adoption rate of mobile banking is very low and quite few studies that have examined the related issues of mobile banking. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the factors influencing behavioural intention and adoption of Mobile banking by customers of Jordanian banks. The proposed model has assimilated factors from the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) along with trust. Data was collected by conducting a field survey questionnaire completed by 343 participants. The results mainly showed that behavioural intention is significantly and positively influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, price value and trust. This study also looking forward to providing the Jordanian banks with applicable guidelines for effectively implementing and designing Mobile banking. Furthermore, research limitations and future directions will be discussed further in the last section.

碩士
國立中正大學
會計與資訊科技所
95
The advances of information and communication technologies make consumers expect to get more from the banking service in light of time-saving, cost-saving and convenience. In order to achieve the aforementioned expectation, mobile banking is an inevitable trend. The purpose of this study is to explore the determinants of mobile banking adoption in Taiwan from bank managers’ viewpoints. This study combined Rogers’s diffusion of innovation theory and Porter’s five competitive forces to construct a research framework. The research subjects of this study are bank managers of 41 Taiwan’s local banks. The results reveal that Business Size, Market Uncertainty, Features of Suppliers, and Propensity of Users have significant effects on the adoption decision.

M. Tech. Business Administration
The aim of this research is to investigate the extent of mobile banking usage among low-income people in Johannesburg. A descriptive design was conducted; data by means of a survey, using self-administered questionnaires, was collected from the inhabitants of the informal settlements of Tembisa and Alexandra Townships in Johannesburg. This represented a total population of about 6000 households. From which, a sample of 200 households was systematically selected randomly.

Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Knowledge Management and Business Intelligence
The present dissertation was developed with the objective of finding the most relevant factors for adoption of mobile banking, at each service stage – static, interaction, and transaction stages. After reviewing the literature addressing mobile banking and its adoption, it was implemented a revised version of GAM model, composed by eleven independent variables, grouped in four main constructs - attitude to use, ability to use, assurance to use, and adherence to use. Given the hypothesis drawn, a questionnaire was applied to Portuguese consumers and a sample of 208 respondents was achieved. Thus, the data gathered was analyzed under path analysis, with SmartPLS 3, by defining the three models separated. It was found that perceived functional benefit is the most relevant predictor at both static and transaction stages, and availability of resources is the most relevant predictor at the interaction stage. In addition, five demographic variables were considered as moderators for mobile banking adoption at each stage – age, gender, education level, income level, and occupation. After verifying the moderator variables in terms of measurement invariance, only gender presented good results, meaning that the other moderators had to be disregarded. By applying multigroup analysis, and given the findings of the most important factors for the adoption of mobile banking at the three presented stages, only the relation between PA and MBA-S was significantly moderated by gender.

碩士
國立虎尾科技大學
經營管理研究所
103
Mobile phone has currently become a vital part of our daily life. With the rapid changes of the technology, improvements in wireless technologies and increased mobile handsets features, many financial institutions and mobile phone service providers are teaming up to offer a variety of services through mobile phones, such as mobile banking services. That creates an evolving trend in mobile banking activities on a global scale. However, in Vietnam and Taiwan, the number of people who decide to adopt these technologies is still relatively low. Thus, there is a need to assess the acceptance of such technologies to establish factors that hinder or promote customer intention to use mobile banking (MB). This study investigates the customer intention to use mobile banking services by using elements of an extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), Service Quality (SERVQUAL). This research combines the variables “performance expectancy”, “effort expectancy”, “social influence”, “facilitating conditions”, “attitude”, “subjective norm”, “perceived behavioral control”, “tangibles”, “reliability”, “responsiveness”, “assurance”, “empathy”, “perceived service quality”, “attitude of use”, and “demographic” in a proposed model to reflect consumer intention to use mobile banking. Results indicate that “empathy” and “perceived behavioral control” are significant with respect to the Vietnamese customer intention to use mobile banking service. While in case of Taiwan, “assurance” contributes the most in explaining the factor of intention of mobile banking adoption. Similar with previous studies, “social influence” was not significant in explaining mobile banking adoption in Vietnam and Taiwan. The results of the data analysis contributes to the body of knowledge by demonstrating that the above factors are critical in intention to use mobile banking in Vietnam and Taiwan. The implications of the results form a good basis for providing practical recommendations to leaders of commercial banks, third-party payment companies and directions for further work.

by Tai Oi Yen, Irene, Yip Ping Yin, Gerald.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-40).
ABSTRACT --- p.iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv
LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES --- p.v
Chapter
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter II. --- BACKGROUND --- p.3
Chapter III. --- CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK --- p.8
Chapter IV. --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.15
Chapter V. --- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION --- p.19
Chapter VI. --- IMPLICATIONS TO MANAGER AND RESEARCHERS --- p.27
Chapter VII. --- CONCLUSION AND WAP BANKING OUTLOOK --- p.33
APPENDIX --- p.36
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.38

Yes
The purpose of this paper is to propose and examine a conceptual model that best explains the key factors influencing Jordanian customers' intention to adopt mobile banking (MB). Design/methodology/approach – The proposed conceptual model was based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This was extended by adding perceived risk and self-efficacy as an external factors. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was conducted to analyse the data collected from the field survey questionnaires administered to a convenience sample of Jordanian banking customers. Findings – The results showed that behavioural intention is significantly influenced by perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived risk. Research limitations/implications – Practical and theoretical implications for both Jordanian banks and researchers in the MB context are also discussed in the concluding section. Originality/value – MB-related issues are yet to be examined empirically in the Jordanian context. This submission has attempted to fill this gap by empirically examining some of the important factors influencing the adoption of MB from the Jordanian customers’ perspective.

Thesis (M.M. (Entrepreneurship and New Venture Creation))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, Graduate School of Business Administration, 2013.
With the growth of developing nations there has also been a growth in the need to recognize entrepreneurship and market-driven solutions as tools that can be used to bring the people in these developing nations out of poverty. If technology is widely adopted and accepted in a society, the long-term impact on that society can be more effective than any other social force. A great example of this phenomenon is the explosive growth of mobile devices technology that has infiltrated every part of the world and in all levels of the economic pyramid as they can play a large and critical role in social transformations in developed and developing economies (Lee et al 2010). Since the introduction of the mobile phone in Zimbabwe in 1996, there are 9,527,520 users of mobile phones. .A mobile banking platform, Eco-Cash, was launched by Econet Wireless, a cellular phone network provider at the end of 2011. This platform was launched in order to take advantage of a large identified gap in the Zimbabwean economy (Makunike 2013). At the end of 2012 there were 270 000 active users and 1.5 million registered users of the Eco-Cash MPP (Kabweza 2012). This study is of the perceptions and adoption of Mobile Payment Platforms (MPP) by informal entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe and employs the use of an adapted version of the Technology Acceptance Model, developed by F. Davis in his doctoral thesis in 1985, as the research framework. The model has been modified by different researchers over the years. Data collection for this study was administered telephonically to the informal entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe and this study only used primary data sources. This data was extracted from the respondents answering the telephonic surveys. This research found that although informal entrepreneurs, who are either personal or business users or non-users of the MPP are positively disposed, in terms of perceived usefulness, perceived cost, perceived support, perceived social influence, overall trust and perceived overall risk, this disposition may not necessarily lead to the increased usage of the MPP by informal entrepreneurs iv in Zimbabwe. However, perceived ease of use proved to be the exception, as the research study showed that the more informal entrepreneurs perceived the MPP to be simple and easy to use, this perception may lead to the increase in the perceptions and adoption of MPP. As this is one of few studies that to look into the adoption of MPP in Zimbabwe, this study serves as the foundation for future research in Zimbabwe that pertains to the adoption of MPP by entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe‟s formal and informal economy.

Yes
This study aimed to examine the key factors predicting Jordanian consumers’ intentions and usage of three types of self-service banking technologies. This study also sought to test if the impacts of these main predictors could be moderated by channel type. This study proposed a conceptual model by integrating factors from the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), along with perceived risk. The required data were collected from a convenience sample of Jordanian banking customers using a survey questionnaire. The statistical results strongly support the significant influence of performance expectancy, social influence, and perceived risk on customer intentions for the three types of SSTs examined. The results of the X2 differences test also indicate that there are significant differences in the influence of the main predictors due to the moderating effect of channel type. One of the key contributions of this study is that three types of SSTs were tested in a single study, which had not been done before, leading to the identification of the factors common to all three types, as well as the salient factors unique to each type.

A research report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Commerce in the field of Information Systems
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the creation of intelligent machines that have the ability to work and act like humans and comprises various technologies. AI-powered technology is having a transformative effect on industries such as banking. This study investigated the adoption of AI technologies by South African banking firms. The investigation into the factors that explain the current extent of adoption was focused through the lens of the Technological, Organisational and Environmental (TOE) framework. Through a review of existing literature and online resources, this study firstly identified a basket of AI technologies perceived as relevant for South African banking firms. Six technologies that represent the basket of AI technologies were identified, namely: machine learning, robotic process automation, expert systems, virtual assistants, natural language processing, and pattern recognition. Secondly, the study aimed to determine the current state of adoption of the AI technologies. Thirdly, the study aimed to determine the factors influencing the adoption of AI technologies by banking firms. A systematic literature review was undertaken to determine the technological, organisational and environmental factors that influence technology adoption. A model using pre-determined TOE factors was developed and tested. The cross-sectional, quantitative study was undertaken via a self-administered, online questionnaire to a sample of 307 respondents from South African banking business units, resulting in 62 responses. Diffusion curves were used to illustrate the current adoption of AI technologies. The results revealed that robotic process automation is the most diffused technology, while natural language processing was the least diffused technology. The results also revealed a significant intention to adopt AI technologies in the next three years. The data was subjected to reliability and validity tests which established that the construct measures rendered consistent and reproducible results, and accurately depicted the constructs they were assigned to measure. Thereafter, correlations analysis was utilised to test the model’s hypotheses, and a multiple and stepwise regression were used as further tests of the model. Results revealed that AI technology skills, top management support, firm size and competitive pressure were positively related to the adoption of AI technologies, while perceived benefits, information technology infrastructure, cost, competitive pressure, regulation and mimetic pressure were not supported. AI technologies is a contemporary topic and is gathering a great deal of attention in both academia and practice. By applying the TOE framework, this study has provided a theoretical contribution and addressed a research gap in existing literature, specifically demonstrating that AI adoption is a function of all three contexts, i.e. technological, organisational and environmental. This study also provides a practical contribution for banking firms as they can understand the current adoption status of the average South African bank. Furthermore, for firms considering the adoption of AI technologies, this study offers insights into the relative influence of the TOE factors, and provides guidance to facilitate benchmarking and processes of adoption.
PH2020

碩士
龍華科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
104
The exploding innovation of technology, especially mobile banking (MB), brings plenty of advantages for improving quality of human life. However, in Vietnam, the current usage of MB is still below its potentials. Therefore, this study is based on the previous literatures to investigate the impact of trust and technology on behavior intention and adoption of MB users. A conceptual framework was developed based on the integrated of Initial Trust (IT) and Task Technology Fit (TTF) models to predict behavioral intention and MB adoption. The research questionnaire was developed based on Confirm Factor Analysis (CFA) method and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test the theoretical model and hypotheses. Sample data were collected from the Vietnamese young people who have the most potential to catch up this latest technology. The empirical results showed that Initial Trust and Task Technology Fit models have strong impacts on MB behavior intention. In addition, there are differences in TTF, structural assurances, and IT between male and female as well as in task characteristics and structural assurances between groups of age. This research provides a clearer path for Vietnam’s technological advancement strategy to Vietnamese MB.

Abstract in English, Afrikaans and Zulu
The study investigated the effects of social media on mobile money adoption in South Africa and Zimbabwe. The main gap identified in empirical literature is the omission of social media use in technology adoption models and social networking theories. While some theories acknowledge the role of social influences in technology adoption, the social interactions considered therein are not mediated through the internet as is social media. Furthermore, no empirical study has to date focused on how social media influences mobile money technology adoption. Thus, this study deviates from the offline social network analysis approach which is restricted to the neighbourhood effects, physical contact, cell phone calls and text messages where information on mobile money technology is disseminated to an individual’s limited social circle. The secondary data used for the study were obtained from individual responses in the cross-sectional FinScope consumer surveys South Africa 2015 and Zimbabwe 2014 which were conducted and reported by FinMark Trust (2015; 2014). The study employed the binary logistic regression model to estimate the nature of effect. The results of the study indicated that use of social media had a positive and statistically significant impact on mobile money adoption in both South Africa and Zimbabwe. The results also revealed that despite there being a lower internet penetration and social media usage rate in Zimbabwe than South Africa, the use of social media in the former led to a higher rate of mobile money adoption. The study also established that mere use of social media and availability of mobile money technology did not translate to a high adoption rate; instead, availability had to be matched by a demand for the financial services. Additionally, the study found that the interaction of mobile money adoption and use of social media increased the overall mobile money adoption in both countries. The study recommended the implementation of collective policies that increase internet penetration to facilitate increased use of social media platforms and promote mobile money adoption to foster improved financial inclusion in developing countries.
Hierdie studie het die gevolge van sosiale media op die ingebruikneming van mobiele geld in Suid-Afrika en Zimbabwe ondersoek. Die belangrikste leemte wat in empiriese literatuur geïdentifiseer is, is die weglating van die gebruik van sosiale media in tegnologieaanvaardingsmodelle en sosialenetwerkvorming-teorieë. Hoewel sommige teorieë (teorie van beredeneerde handeling; teorie van beplande gedrag; diffusie van innovasie) die rol van sosiale invloede op tegnologieaanvaarding erken, word die sosiale interaksies wat daarin oorweeg word nie deur middel van die internet bemiddel nie, soos wel in die geval van sosiale media. Boonop het geen empiriese studie tot op hede gefokus op hoe sosiale media die ingebruikneming van mobielegeld-tegnologie beïnvloed nie. Hierdie studie wyk dus af van die niegekoppelde sosialenetwerkontleding-benadering, wat beperk is tot die omgewingsgevolge, fisieke kontak, selfoonoproepe en teksboodskappe, waar inligting oor mobielegeld-tegnologie aan ʼn individu se beperkte sosiale kring versprei word. Die sekondêre data wat vir die studie gebruik is, is verkry uit afsonderlike response in die deursnee- FinScope-verbruikersopnames (Suid-Afrika 2015 en Zimbabwe 2014), wat onderneem en bekendgemaak is deur FinMark Trust (2015; 2014). Die studie maak gebruik van die binêre logistiese regressiemodel om die aard van effek te skat. Studiebevindings dui daarop dat die gebruik van sosiale media ’n positiewe en statisties beduidende uitwerking op die ingebruikneming van mobiele geld in sowel Suid-Afrika as Zimbabwe het. Die resultate wys ook dat, ondanks ’n laer internetpenetrasie en sosialemedia-gebruikskoers in Zimbabwe, die gebruik van sosiale media in Zimbabwe tot ’n hoër koers van ingebruikneming van mobiele geld in dié land as in Suid-Afrika tot gevolg het. Daar word verder waargeneem dat die blote gebruik van sosiale media en die beskikbaarheid van mobielegeld-tegnologie nie geredelik omgesit kan word in ’n hoë ingebruiknemingskoers nie; beskikbaarheid moet met ’n vraag na die finansiële dienste gepaard gaan. Daarbenewens toon die studie dat die interaksie tussen mobielegeld-ingebruikneming en die gebruik van sosiale media die oorkoepelende ingebruikneming van mobiele geld in albei lande versterk. Die studie beveel die implementering van beleide aan wat internetpenetrasie verhoog om wydverspreide gebruik van sosiale media te fasiliteer, wat op sy beurt die ingebruikneming van mobiele geld sal bevorder, wat finansiële insluiting sal bevorder.
Ucwaningo luphenyisise imiphumela ye-social media ekwamukelweni kwe-mobile money eNingizimu Afrika naseZimbabwe. Igebe elikhulu eliphawuliwe kwimibhalo yobufakazi ukweqiwa kokussetshenziswa kwe-social media ekwamukelweni kwama-technology adoption models kanye namathiyori e-social networking. Kodwa amanye amathiyori (i-theory of reasoned action; i-theory of planned behaviour; i-diffusion of innovation) amukela indima yemithelela ye-social influences ekwamukelweni kwetheknoloji, ngokusebenzisana kwama-social interactions abonelelwe lapha, awaxhunyaniswa nge-inthanethi, njenge-social media. Kanti-ke futhi okunye, akukho bufakazi bocwaningo kuze kubemanje obugxile kwindlela i-social media enomthelela ngayo kwi-mobile money technology adoption. Ngakho-ke, lolu cwaningo luyehluka kwizinqubo ze-offline social network analysis approach, enezihibe kwimiphumela esondelene nayo, ukuxhumana ngokubamba, ukushayelana izingcingo nge-cellphone, kanye nemilayezo ebhaliwe, lapho ulwazi kwi-mobile money technology lusatshalaliswa kumuntu ngamunye nalabo asondelene nabo. I-secondary data esetshenzisiwe kucwaningo itholakale kwizimpendulo zabantu ngamunye kwi-cross-sectional FinScope consumer surveys (iNingizimu Afrika 2015 kanye neZimbabwe 2014), olwenziwa nokubikwa nge-FinMark Trust (2015:2014). Ucwaningo lusebenzisa i-binary logistic regression model ukulinganisa inhlobo yomphumela. Imiphumela yocwaningo ikhombisa ukuthi i-social media inomphumela omuhle futhi ngomphumela wezibalo ezibalulekile ekwamukelweni kwe-mobile money okwamukelwe kuwo womabili amazwe iNingizimu Afrika kanye neZimbabwe. Imiphumela ikhombise nokuthi, ngisho noma i-inthanethi ingakangeneleli kangako kwezinye izindawo, kodwa izinga lokusetshenziswa kwe-social media eZimbabwe kungaphezulu kuneNingizimu Afrika, ukusetshenziswa eZimbabwe kuhola phambili ngezinga eliphezulu ekwamukelweni kwe-mobile money kunaseNingizimu Afrika. Kanti futhi kuphawulwa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-social media kanye nokutholakala kwe-mobile money technology, akuhambelani ngezinga lokwamukelwa kakhulu; ukutholakala kumele kuhambelane nesidingeko samasevisi ezezimali. Nangaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi ukusebenzisana kokwamukelwa kwe-mobile money nokusetshenziswa kwe-social media kuphakamisa ukwamukelwa kakhulu kwe-mobile money kuwo womabili amazwe. Ucwaningo luncoma ukuthi ukwamukelwa kwemigomo enyusa ukungenelela kakhulu kwe-inthanethi ukulekelela ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kwe-social media, kanti futhi lokhu okuzophakamisa kakhulu ukwamukelwa kwe-mobile money okusiza ukubandakanya wonke kwezezimali.
Business Management
D. Phil. (Management Studies)

The increasing mobile penetration rates in Africa provide an interesting opportunity to mitigate financial exclusion on the continent. Through mobile phone applications that provide an electronic store of value that sits on the mobile phone, the unbanked poor can now access accounts and initiate financial transactions on their mobile phone. The mobile phone presents a more affordable and accessible channel for transacting. The aim of the research was to determine the inclination for the unbanked at the base of the pyramid in South Africa to adopt mobile banking. In total, 100 individuals were interviewed to determine their propensity to adopt mobile banking if it were made available to them. The criteria for selection were residence in an informal settlement in Gauteng, being unbanked and having access to or ownership of a mobile phone. Graphical representations of the findings were analysed to determine the proportion of the sample that would adopt mobile banking under the various constructs. It was concluded that mobile banking had a high likelihood of being adopted by individuals at the base of the pyramid on the basis of its low cost, the convenience and security it offered, and the ease of its use. Additional factors in favour of adoption included observability and trialability. Copyright
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted

碩士
長庚大學
資訊管理學系
104
The advancement of technology enables mobile banking to become a possibility for the banking sectors, where adaptation of such information innovation can improve their services performance and customer satisfactions. This study aims to investigate and explore factors, which influence customers to use mobile banking in Semarang, Indonesia. The extending of unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) is used as the primary model, where perceived risk and perceived access barriers are further appended into the model. After testing and validating the reliability and validity of the questionnaire, the outcomes of the survey are tested through structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the relationship between various factors involving in the adaptation of mobile banking in Semarang Indonesia. The results seem to indicate that social influence has a significant positive impact in intention to use.

Yes
In the last few years, several studies have examined the predictors of mobile banking (m-banking) adoption using the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). However, contradictory results in some of the UTAUT relationships were found in the existing literature. Therefore, we aim to clarify and synthesize the empirical findings from the m-banking studies published since 2004 by conducting weight and meta-analysis with a focus on the UTAUT theory. We also seek to identify the roles of moderating variables on each UTAUT path. A total of 364 path coefficients from 127 studies were relevant for data analysis. CMA software V3 was employed to combine the effect sizes. All UTAUT relationships were found to be significant. Performance expectancy emerged as the strongest antecedent of usage intention. We also find that usage intention is the most critical predictor of use behavior. It was also revealed that sample size and culture significantly moderated the linkages between facilitating conditions and usage intention, effort expectancy and usage intention, and usage intention and use behavior. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications are also discussed toward the end.
The full-text of this article will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 27th Oct 2022.

碩士
龍華科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
104
The aims of this research explore the process of adoption of mobile banking in Viet Nam through the effects of pre-establish frameworks of the Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model (UTAUT) and Technology acceptance model (TAM) on main predictors of behavioral intention and user satisfaction. The research questionnaire has been developed by confirm factor analysis (CFA) to assess the instruments and adopted structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the theoretical model and hypotheses to understand the statistical associations among the variables. The finding of the proposed model mentioned that “User satisfaction” and “Behavioral intention” directly influence mobile banking adoption. Furthermore, “Performance expectancy”, “Effort expectancy” and “Perceived ease of use” were found to be the most important antecedents of user intention towards adopting of mobile banking. The sample consisted of 200 valid questionnaires were grossed by the respondent from the department of Vietnamese university, international business administration, finance, and information management. The result can be of reference to practitioners in Vietnam to develop mobile banking strategies.

With mobile phones almost being ubiquitous in most communities, the electronic payment industry has realised the potential of using mobile phones as devices that can be used to conduct electronic payments. This realisation has led to an increase in the number of mobile payment solutions, which are being deployed for use by the public. However, these mobile payment solutions have not been widely adopted, especially by the citizens who are residing in the townships. Thus, this study investigates the factors that inhibit township residents from adopting mobile payments. The study was done at the Soshanguve township on the outskirts of Pretoria in Gauteng, South Africa. The study adopted a mixed method approach to collect data. Phase 1 relied on the interviews from a few selected individuals to collect the initial data, once this process was complete; a questionnaire (Phase 2) was developed and distributed to the general community of Soshanguve for data collection, which was qualitatively and quantitatively analysed.the diffusion and use of mobile payments in the townships. Some of the factors are as follows: mobile payments are not easy to use; lack of products to purchase using mobile payments; high costs associated with using mobile payment solutions; lack of trialability of mobile payment solutions; and lack of awareness of mobile payment providers in the townships. The study proposes several guidelines that could help developers and operators of mobile payment solutions to design and deploy their solutions in such a way that they are suitable for consumption by the users in township communities. Proposed guidelines are as follows: (1) when a mobile payment solution is launched, effort should be made to market it to the target market; (2) potential adopters of mobile payments should be able to try it without incurring any financial penalties; (3) mobile payments should be easier to use; (4) mobile payment security features should be apparent to the potential adopters in order to alleviate their fears; (5) mobile payment solutions should be designed according to the needs of the target market as one size fits all does not work; (6) mobile payment solutions should fulfill a need which is not met by the current alternatives or it should offer more value than the existing alternatives; (7) the cost of conducting mobile payments should be affordable; and (8) the regulator should develop legislation that stimulates innovation and competition while ensuring the security of mobile payments.
Computing
M. Sc. (Computing)

Abstracts in English, Afrikaans, Zulu, Tsonga and Portuguese
The purpose of the study was to develop a model of attitudes toward digital banking, by exploring the relationship between values, culture, the diffusion of innovation and the Technology Acceptance. In addition, actual behaviour in the use of digital banking, as well as the moderating effects of gender, age, education level, income, and urban versus rural backgrounds, was included to provide additional insights into the financial services market in Maputo, Mozambique. A quantitative survey with a convenience sample (n = 403) of bankable individuals (male and female) between the ages of 21 and 60, was conducted from 2015–2018. The findings revealed significant relationships between the variables included in the empirical model. Structural equation modelling indicated that the data were a good fit, resulting from the use of a correlations-derived measurement model. These findings provide new insights into the development of tailor-made digital banking actions to drive usage in different segments, which will contribute to the body of knowledge on consumer behaviour and digital banking adoption and use.
Hierdie studie se doel was om ’n model van ingesteldhede teenoor digitale bankwese te ontwikkel deur ondersoek in te stel na die verband tussen waardes, kultuur, die diffusie van innovering en die aanvaarding van tegnologie. Werklike gedrag wanneer digitale bankwese gebruik word, asook die modererende effek van gender, ouderdom, onderwysvlak, inkomste en stedelike teenoor plattelandse agtergrond, is ingesluit om bykomende insigte te verkry in die finansiëledienstemark in Maputo, Mosambiek. ’n Kwantitatiewe opname met ’n gerieflikheidsteekproef (n = 403) van bankbare individue (manlik en vroulik) tussen die ouderdomme 21 tot 60, is in die tydperk 2015 tot 2018 onderneem. Die bevindinge toon dat daar beduidende verbande is tussen die veranderlikes wat by die empiriese model ingesluit word. Die modellering van strukturele vergelykings toon dat die data goed gepas het omdat ’n korrelasie-afgeleide metingsmodel gebruik is. Hierdie bevindinge lei tot nuwe insigte in die ontwikkeling van pasgemaakte digitalebankwese-aksies om gebruik in verskillende segmente aan te dryf. Dit sal bydra tot die bestaande kennis van verbruikersgedrag en die aanvaarding en gebruik van digitale bankwese.
Inhloso yalolu cwaningo bekuwukwenza imodeli yendlela yokubona mayelana nokusebenzisa ibhangi ngendlela yedijithali, ukuhlola ubudlelwane phakathi kwama-value, usiko, ukusabalala kobuqambi kanye nokwamukelwa kwetheknoloji. Nangaphezu kwalokho, indlela yokuziphatha ekusebenziseni ibhangi ngendlela yedijithali, kanye nemiphumela ethobayo yobulili, iminyaka yobudala, izinga lemfundo, ingeniso, kanye nokuqhathanisa abasemadolobheni nabasemakhaya, kwabandakanywa ukuhlinzeka ngemibono engezelelekile kwimakethe yamasevisi ezezimali eMaputo eMozambique. Kwenziwe inhlolovo ngobuningi ngesampuli ye-convenience (n = 403) wabantu abasebenzisa ibhangi (abesilisa nabesimame) abaphakathi kweminyaka engu 21 kanye nengu 60 kwenziwe ukusukela ku 2015–2018 Imiphumela iveza ubudlelwane obubalulekile phakathi kwezinto ezehlukene ezibandakanya imodeli yobufakazi obubambekayo. I-structural equation modelling ikhombise ukuthi ulwazi belungoluhambisana kahle, ngokuvela kumphumela wokusebenzisa i-correlations-derived measurement model. Okutholakele kunikeza imibono emisha ngokukuthuthukiswa kwezinyathelo zokusebenzisa ibhangii ngendlela yedijithali okuhlinzekelwa abantu ngokuhambisana nabo, ukuphakamisa ukusetshenziswa ngabantu bemikhakha ehlukene, lokhu okuthela esivivaneni kumthamo wolwazi ngendlela yokuziphatha kwabasebenzisi, kanye nokwamukelwa kokusebenzisa ibhangi ngendlela yedijithali kanye nokusetshenziswa.
O presente estudo tinha como objectivo desenvolver um modelo de atitudes em relação à banca electrónica explorando a relação entre os Valores, a Cultura e a Difusão da Inovação e Aceitação de Tecnologias. Além disso, o comportamento real relacionado com o uso de serviços da banca electrónica, assim como o efeito moderador do género, idade, nível de escolaridade, rendimentos e os contextos urbano versus rural foram incluídos para permitir melhor compreensão do mercado de serviços financeiros de Moçambique (Maputo). De 2015 a 2018, fez-se um inquérito quantitativo em uma amostra de conveniência (n = 403) de indivíduos bancáveis (masculinos e femininos) com idades compreendidas entre os 21 e os 60 anos. Os resultados revelaram relações significativas entre as variáveis incluídas no modelo empírico. A modelagem de equações estruturais indicou um bom número de dados, o que resultou num modelo canónico de medição derivada de correlações. Ademais, faz-se uma exposição e interpretação de achados sensíveis sob o ponto de vista ético no contexto de banca electrónica baseado no consumidor. Estes achados servirão de base para um novo conhecimento para o desenvolvimento de acções de banca electrónica personalizadas com vista a incentivar o uso em diferentes segmentos, o que acrescentará valor ao conhecimento actual sobre o Comportamento do Consumidor e a utilização de serviços de banca electrónica.
Xikongomelo xa dyondzo leyi a ku ri ku hlamusela malangutelo ya vanhu ehenhla ka ku tirhisiwa ka bangi ya internet hi ku kambisisa vuxaka lebyi nga kona exikarhi ka Mikhuva, Ndhavuko ni ku Haxiwa ka Switirhisiwa Swintswha ni leswi thyiwaka ku amukeriwa ka thekinoloji. Ku engetela kwalaho, ku katsiwile mikhuva ya vhanu ehenhleni ka ku tirhisa bangi ya internet, ku katsa ni vuyelo leri ringaniselaka ro va munhu a ri wanuna kumbe wansati, ntanga, dyondzo, muholo, ni leswaku u tshama dorobeni kumbe emakaya, leswaku ku twisisiwa hi vuenti leswaku mintirho ya swa timali yi tshamise ku yini eMozambique (Maputo). Nxaxamelo wa swivutiso swo teka tinhlayo wu tirhisiwile eka ntlawa lowu voniweke wu ringana (n = 403) wa vanhu lava nga tirhisaka bangi (va xinuna ni va xisati), lava nga ni 21 ku ya ka 60 wa malembe ku sukela 2017 ku ya ka 2018. Tinhlamulo ti kombe leswaku ku ni ku yelana lokukulu exikarhi ka swivutiso leswi katsiweke eka xivumbeko xo hlamusela ha xona. Structural equation modelling yi kombe leswaku ku ni mihandzu yo tala, leswi endleke leswaku ku va ni xivumbeko lexi se xi tiviwaka xa mpimo lowu taka hi ka ku yelana ka swilo (correlations-derived measurement model). Mihandzu leyi yelanaka ni swilo leswi khumbaka mahanyela lamanene leswi lavaka ku voniwa hi vukheta na yona ya vikiwa yi tlhela yi hlamuseriwa hi ku landza matirhelo ya bangi ya internet hi ku ya vatirhisi va yona. Mihandzu leyi yi ta tisa vutisi byintswha leswaku ku makiwa mintirho ya bangi ya internet leyi tivaka ku tsakisa mutirhisi leswaku ku engeteriwa ku tirhisiwa ka yona exikarhi ka mintlawa yo hambana, leswi na swona swi nga ta engetela vutivi ehenhleni ka Mikhuva ya Vatirhisi ni matirhiselo ya bangi ya internet.
Industrial and Organisational Psychology
Ph. D. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)