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1

ISHIKAWA, Kiichiro. "Road Survey Using Mobile Mapping System." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 79, no. 5 (2013): 397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.79.397.

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Wan, Rui, Yuchun Huang, Rongchang Xie, and Ping Ma. "Combined Lane Mapping Using a Mobile Mapping System." Remote Sensing 11, no. 3 (2019): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11030305.

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High-definition mapping of 3D lane lines has been widely needed for the highway documentation and intelligent navigation of autonomous systems. A mobile mapping system (MMS) captures both accurate 3D LiDAR point clouds and high-resolution images of lane markings at highway driving speeds, providing an abundant data source for combined lane mapping. This paper aims to map lanes with an MMS. The main contributions of this paper include the following: (1) an intensity correction method was introduced to eliminate the reflectivity inconsistency of road-surface LiDAR points; (2) a self-adaptive thresholding method was developed to extract lane markings from their complicated surroundings; and (3) a LiDAR-guided textural saliency analysis of MMS images was proposed to improve the robustness of lane mapping. The proposed method was tested with a dataset acquired in Wuhan, Hubei, China, which contained straight roads, curved roads, and a roundabout with various pavement markings and a complex roadside environment. The experimental results achieved a recall of 96.4%, a precision of 97.6%, and an F-score of 97.0%, demonstrating that the proposed method has strong mapping ability for various urban roads.
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Ke-fei, Zhang, and Xiao Ben-lin. "GPS and mobile multisensor mapping system." Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 8, no. 2 (2003): 557–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02899819.

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4

Jing, H., N. Slatcher, X. Meng, and G. Hunter. "MONITORING CAPABILITIES OF A MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM BASED ON NAVIGATION QUALITIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 625–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b1-625-2016.

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Mobile mapping systems are becoming increasingly popular as they can build 3D models of the environment rapidly by using a laser scanner that is integrated with a navigation system. 3D mobile mapping has been widely used for applications such as 3D city modelling and mapping of the scanned environments. However, accurate mapping relies on not only the scanner’s performance but also on the quality of the navigation results (accuracy and robustness) . This paper discusses the potentials of using 3D mobile mapping systems for landscape change detection, that is traditionally carried out by terrestrial laser scanners that can be accurately geo-referenced at a static location to produce highly accurate dense point clouds. Yet compared to conventional surveying using terrestrial laser scanners, several advantages of mobile mapping systems can be identified. A large area can be monitored in a relatively short period, which enables high repeat frequency monitoring without having to set-up dedicated stations. However, current mobile mapping applications are limited by the quality of navigation results, especially in different environments. The change detection ability of mobile mapping systems is therefore significantly affected by the quality of the navigation results. This paper presents some data collected for the purpose of monitoring from a mobile platform. The datasets are analysed to address current potentials and difficulties. The change detection results are also presented based on the collected dataset. Results indicate the potentials of change detection using a mobile mapping system and suggestions to enhance quality and robustness.
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Jing, H., N. Slatcher, X. Meng, and G. Hunter. "MONITORING CAPABILITIES OF A MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM BASED ON NAVIGATION QUALITIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B1 (June 6, 2016): 625–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b1-625-2016.

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Mobile mapping systems are becoming increasingly popular as they can build 3D models of the environment rapidly by using a laser scanner that is integrated with a navigation system. 3D mobile mapping has been widely used for applications such as 3D city modelling and mapping of the scanned environments. However, accurate mapping relies on not only the scanner’s performance but also on the quality of the navigation results (accuracy and robustness) . This paper discusses the potentials of using 3D mobile mapping systems for landscape change detection, that is traditionally carried out by terrestrial laser scanners that can be accurately geo-referenced at a static location to produce highly accurate dense point clouds. Yet compared to conventional surveying using terrestrial laser scanners, several advantages of mobile mapping systems can be identified. A large area can be monitored in a relatively short period, which enables high repeat frequency monitoring without having to set-up dedicated stations. However, current mobile mapping applications are limited by the quality of navigation results, especially in different environments. The change detection ability of mobile mapping systems is therefore significantly affected by the quality of the navigation results. This paper presents some data collected for the purpose of monitoring from a mobile platform. The datasets are analysed to address current potentials and difficulties. The change detection results are also presented based on the collected dataset. Results indicate the potentials of change detection using a mobile mapping system and suggestions to enhance quality and robustness.
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6

Al-Hamad, A., and N. El-Sheimy. "Smartphones Based Mobile Mapping Systems." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5 (June 5, 2014): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-29-2014.

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The past 20 years have witnessed an explosive growth in the demand for geo-spatial data. This demand has numerous sources and takes many forms; however, the net effect is an ever-increasing thirst for data that is more accurate, has higher density, is produced more rapidly, and is acquired less expensively. For mapping and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) projects, this has been achieved through the major development of Mobile Mapping Systems (MMS). MMS integrate various navigation and remote sensing technologies which allow mapping from moving platforms (e.g. cars, airplanes, boats, etc.) to obtain the 3D coordinates of the points of interest. Such systems obtain accuracies that are suitable for all but the most demanding mapping and engineering applications. However, this accuracy doesn't come cheaply. As a consequence of the platform and navigation and mapping technologies used, even an "inexpensive" system costs well over 200 000 USD. Today's mobile phones are getting ever more sophisticated. Phone makers are determined to reduce the gap between computers and mobile phones. Smartphones, in addition to becoming status symbols, are increasingly being equipped with extended Global Positioning System (GPS) capabilities, Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) inertial sensors, extremely powerful computing power and very high resolution cameras. Using all of these components, smartphones have the potential to replace the traditional land MMS and portable GPS/GIS equipment. This paper introduces an innovative application of smartphones as a very low cost portable MMS for mapping and GIS applications.
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Yu, Peidong, Mengke Wang, and Huanjian Chen. "Integration and evaluation of SLAM-based backpack mobile mapping system." E3S Web of Conferences 206 (2020): 03014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020603014.

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Mobile mapping is an efficient technology to acquire spatial data of the environment. As a supplement of vehicle-borne and air-borne methods, Backpack mobile mapping system (MMS) has a wide application prospect in indoor and underground space. High-precision positioning and attitude determination are the key to MMS. Usually, GNSS/INS integrated navigation system provides reliable pose information. However, in the GNSS-denied environments, there is no effective long-term positioning method. With the development of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm, it provides a new solution for indoor mobile mapping. This paper develops a portable backpack mobile mapping system, which integrates multi-sensor such as LiDAR, IMU, GNSS and panoramic camera. The 3D laser SLAM algorithm is applied to the mobile mapping to realize the acquisition of geographic information data in various complex environments. The experimental results in typical indoor and outdoor scenes show that the system can achieve high-precision and efficient acquisition of 3D information, and the relative precision of point cloud is 2~4cm, which meets the requirements of scene mapping and reconstruction.
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HYUN, Sekwon, and Myung Sik DO. "Artificial Intelligence Based Road Cracks Detection Using Drone and Mobile Mapping System." Journal of Korean Society of Transportation 39, no. 4 (2021): 555–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7470/jkst.2021.39.4.555.

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9

Al-Hamad, A., A. Moussa, and N. El-Sheimy. "Video-based Mobile Mapping System Using Smartphones." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1 (November 7, 2014): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-13-2014.

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The last two decades have witnessed a huge growth in the demand for geo-spatial data. This demand has encouraged researchers around the world to develop new algorithms and design new mapping systems in order to obtain reliable sources for geo-spatial data. Mobile Mapping Systems (MMS) are one of the main sources for mapping and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data. MMS integrate various remote sensing sensors, such as cameras and LiDAR, along with navigation sensors to provide the 3D coordinates of points of interest from moving platform (e.g. cars, air planes, etc.). Although MMS can provide accurate mapping solution for different GIS applications, the cost of these systems is not affordable for many users and only large scale companies and institutions can benefits from MMS systems. <br><br> The main objective of this paper is to propose a new low cost MMS with reasonable accuracy using the available sensors in smartphones and its video camera. Using the smartphone video camera, instead of capturing individual images, makes the system easier to be used by non-professional users since the system will automatically extract the highly overlapping frames out of the video without the user intervention. Results of the proposed system are presented which demonstrate the effect of the number of the used images in mapping solution. In addition, the accuracy of the mapping results obtained from capturing a video is compared to the same results obtained from using separate captured images instead of video.
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Gonçalves, J. A., and A. Pinhal. "MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM BASED ON ACTION CAMERAS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-1 (September 26, 2018): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-1-167-2018.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Action cameras can operate in outdoor conditions, such as outside a car, and provide good quality imagery that can be exploited to collect geospatial data by photogrammetric means. Recent models include GPS, which can deliver position and time of individual images and video frames. That is the case of the very popular camera, Gopro Hero 5. This paper describes the implementation of a mobile mapping system, based on a GoPro Hero 5 camera mounted on the side rearview mirror of a car. Although the system can be dependent on the camera GPS positions only, it was developed to include a GNSS dual frequency receiver, carried inside the car, on the dashboard. Within good observation conditions, without tall buildings, differential positioning (either RTK or PPK) provides the trajectory with accuracy of a few centimetres. The precise time of individual frames is obtained from the camera GPS and positions are interpolated from the GNSS receiver. Assuming the car moves in a horizontal plane and the camera has no significant tilts, the system is treated in planimetric terms, with camera axis azimuth derived from the vehicle trajectory. Positions of observed objects, such as traffic signs, are derived from consecutive frames. Tests carried out in a sparse urban environment have shown planimetric accuracy better than 40<span class="thinspace"></span>cm, appropriate for large scale mapping, such as 1<span class="thinspace"></span>:<span class="thinspace"></span>2000. The system can be improved in several forms, through processing techniques, such as structure from motion, but without the incorporation of additional hardware.</p>
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Cahalane, Conor, Paul Lewis, Conor McElhinney, and Timothy McCarthy. "Optimising Mobile Mapping System Laser Scanner Orientation." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 4, no. 1 (2015): 302–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4010302.

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12

Menna, F., R. Battisti, E. Nocerino, and F. Remondino. "FROG: A PORTABLE UNDERWATER MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-1/W1-2023 (May 25, 2023): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-1-w1-2023-295-2023.

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Abstract. Browsing the scientific and professional literature it appears that the concept of mobile mapping underwater is not as common as in ‘terrestrial’ applications. Nevertheless, exploring and mapping the ocean’s depths is a priority challenge for humankind, today more than ever. Radio waves, such as the GNSS or UWB signal, have a very limited transmission underwater, resulting in the absence of an underwater global positioning system. Consequently, the main sounding methods (i.e., depth measuring systems) are based on the fusion of inertial and acoustic sensors, which allow for systematic mapping of vast seafloor areas. However, photogrammetric surveying methods are preferred when high resolution and reliable colour information are essential aspects in the project economy. This class of approaches include visual odometry and visual SLAM (vSLAM), which represent a valid tool for navigation and positioning in GNSS-denied environments, such as underwater. In this paper, we present a portable underwater mobile mapping system, named FROG, which implements a vSLAM based solution to guide the survey according to photogrammetric principles. FROG is built upon the Guided Photogrammetry - GuPho concept and, thanks to its modular design, can be used by a diver or installed on a micro ROV and controlled remotely from a support vessel. In the paper, FROG characteristics will be detailed, and its potentialities demonstrated in real case applications at sea and in lakes.
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Brindza, Jan, Jan Erdelyi, and Peter Kyrinovic. "Prototyping of an indoor mobile mapping system." MATEC Web of Conferences 385 (2023): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202338501020.

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The paper deals with prototyping a kinematic measurement system for digitizing indoor environments of buildings. The scanning system itself consists of several sensors for localization (inertial measurement unit, rotary encoders and a stereo camera), while its main part is a Velodyne lidar. The procedure of data processing is performed by an algorithm for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). The paper describes the hardware of the measurement system. Part of the contribution is the proposal of a series of tests evaluating the quality of the prototype of the mobile mapping system. The tests verify the accuracy of length measurement, the accuracy of the determination of the inclination of the measuring system, and the accuracy of the lidar position determination.
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Nüchter, A., D. Borrmann, P. Koch, M. Kühn, and S. May. "A MAN-PORTABLE, IMU-FREE MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences II-3/W5 (August 19, 2015): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-ii-3-w5-17-2015.

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Mobile mapping systems are commonly mounted on cars, ships and robots. The data is directly geo-referenced using GPS data and expensive IMU (inertial measurement systems). Driven by the need for flexible, indoor mapping systems we present an inexpensive mobile mapping solution that can be mounted on a backpack. It combines a horizontally mounted 2D profiler with a constantly spinning 3D laser scanner. The initial system featuring a low-cost MEMS IMU was revealed and demonstrated at <i>MoLaS: Technology Workshop Mobile Laser Scanning at Fraunhofer IPM</i> in Freiburg in November 2014. In this paper, we present an IMU-free solution.
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Ishikawa, Kiichiro, Jun-ichi Takiguchi, Yoshiharu Amano, Takumi Hashizume, and Takashi Fujishima. "Tunnel Cross-Section Measurement System Using a Mobile Mapping System." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 21, no. 2 (2009): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2009.p0193.

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This paper describes a tunnel cross-section measurement system using a mobile mapping system (MMS). The MMS features a GPS/ Dead Reckoning (DR) combined navigation system, a three-axis GPS-Gyro/ Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), laser scanners, cameras, and the Network-based Positioning Augmentation Services (PAS). As GPS cannot be used in the tunnel, so the position estimation is done using IMU and Odometer. In this paper the result of comparison between the conventional tunnel cross-section measurement methods using 3D laser scanner and total station, and the proposed method using the MMS is described. And the examination result of the MMS's positioning accuracy that doesn't use GPS is described. The evaluation result proves that the tunnel cross-section measurement accuracy using the MMS is 7.0 mm, the MMS's measurement accuracy is not different from conventional method using a 3D laser scanner and a total station. The MMS tunnel measurement efficiency is also confirmed in this paper.
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Bedkowski, Janusz, and Tresya Yuliana Fitri. "Novel (re-configurable, wearable, light weight, ergonomic) low cost 3D mobile mapping system not only for extreme mapping applications." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-2/W8-2024 (December 14, 2024): 25–30. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-2-w8-2024-25-2024.

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Abstract. This paper presents a novel low cost 3D mapping system designed for fulfilling the gap between existing solutions and constantly growing end-users’ expectations. Firstly, the cost was reduced to minimum by providing an open-source, open-hardware projects. Secondly, the ergonomic, light weight, reconfigurable approach enables a wearable approach to maximize the mobility of the end user. It allows among other things the freedom to walk, crawl and climb. Those are necessities in extreme mobile mapping applications such as cave mapping, construction site survey, search and rescue missions and other unexplored yet applications such as mobile mapping with K9s (trained dogs equipped with 3D mobile mapping systems). The significance of this research is to provide cost effective mobile mapping solution for as large audience as it is possible. Thus, our software is constantly improved for covering more applications e.g. air + ground + underground mapping.
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Amami, M. M., M. J. Smith, and N. Kokkas. "Low Cost Vision Based Personal Mobile Mapping System." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-3/W1 (March 5, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-3-w1-1-2014.

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Waki, Masaki, Takashi Goto, and Kazunori Katayama. "3D Facility Management Technology Using Mobile Mapping System." IEICE Communications Society Magazine 12, no. 1 (2018): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/bplus.12.39.

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Burkhard, J., S. Cavegn, A. Barmettler, and S. Nebiker. "STEREOVISION MOBILE MAPPING: SYSTEM DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XXXIX-B5 (July 30, 2012): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xxxix-b5-453-2012.

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Chen, T., K. Yamamoto, S. Chhatkuli, and H. Shimamura. "PANORAMIC EPIPOLAR IMAGE GENERATION FOR MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XXXIX-B5 (July 30, 2012): 459–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xxxix-b5-459-2012.

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Grešla, O., and P. Jašek. "MEASURING ROAD STRUCTURES USING A MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-5/W2-2023 (June 13, 2023): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-5-w2-2023-43-2023.

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Abstract. The purpose of this thesis is to provide a detailed description of the Riegl VMX-2HA mobile mapping systém (MMS), its functions, composition and the data acquisition and processing procedure. In addition, this work presents a comparative analysis of the systém‘s height accuracy in relation to measurements made with the Leica NOVA MS50 multi-station. Using an experimental method, this study also shows that the order in which the described steps are performed can significantly affect the accuracy of the collected data. The results show that the use of the MMS in combination with appropriate data processing techniques can result in highly accurate data that can be used for a wide range of applications in the field of transportation infrastructure management and development. By providing a deeper understanding of the functions and capabilities of the MMS, this thesis describes valuable knowledge for professionals in the field seeking to optimize their data collection and analysis methods.
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Mattheuwsen, L., M. Bassier, and M. Vergauwen. "THEORETICAL ACCURACY PREDICTION AND VALIDATION OF LOW-END AND HIGH-END MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM IN URBAN, RESIDENTIAL AND RURAL AREAS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W18 (November 29, 2019): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w18-121-2019.

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Abstract. Mobile mapping systems are increasingly being used for the acquisition of 3D information of the environment. Although these systems are very efficient in data capturing compared to more traditional methods, the high cost of high-end accurate mobile mapping systems is a major drawback. In contrast, the much cheaper low-end mobile mapping systems are more frequently used for less accurate projects where visualization is more important. In general, the achievable accuracy level is the driving factor that differentiates low-end from high-end systems. To determine this value, the sensor quality, calibration and GNSS reception quality should be reliably evaluated.In this paper, we present a theoretical accuracy model of a mobile mapping system that takes into account variable GNSS accuracy. The predicted accuracy level of low-end and high-end mobile mapping systems is evaluated in a comprehensive accuracy analysis. The absolute accuracy of the system is determined in three datasets in which GNSS reception quality varies between optimal, good and poor. Additionally, the relative accuracy of both systems is checked by comparison of control distances. The presented approach allows for a more general and robust accuracy prediction of mobile mapping systems in different circumstances.
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Brindza, Jan, Jan Erdelyi, and Peter Kyrinovic. "The preliminary findings from tests of a mobile mapping system." E3S Web of Conferences 550 (2024): 01026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202455001026.

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The paper is focused on describing the prototype of a mobile mapping system and presenting the preliminary findings from tests of its components. The mobile mapping system consists of a combination of several components, including three 2D lidars, a 3D lidar, an inertial measurement unit, a stereo camera, and rotary encoders. The paper describes the planned tests of each component and the entire mobile mapping system. The results from lidar and rotary encoder testing are presented. Differences in measured distance were calculated for lidars, based on which they were compared to each other. Testing of rotary encoders was conducted to determine the conversion constant of measured increments from rotary encoders to metric units, followed by the determination of their accuracy.
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Maset, Eleonora, Lorenzo Scalera, Alberto Beinat, Domenico Visintini, and Alessandro Gasparetto. "Performance Investigation and Repeatability Assessment of a Mobile Robotic System for 3D Mapping." Robotics 11, no. 3 (2022): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics11030054.

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In this paper, we present a quantitative performance investigation and repeatability assessment of a mobile robotic system for 3D mapping. With the aim of a more efficient and automatic data acquisition process with respect to well-established manual topographic operations, a 3D laser scanner coupled with an inertial measurement unit is installed on a mobile platform and used to perform a high-resolution mapping of the surrounding environment. Point clouds obtained with the use of a mobile robot are compared with those acquired with the device carried manually as well as with a terrestrial laser scanner survey that serves as a ground truth. Experimental results show that both mapping modes provide similar accuracy and repeatability, whereas the robotic system compares favorably with respect to the handheld modality in terms of noise level and point distribution. The outcomes demonstrate the feasibility of the mobile robotic platform as a promising technology for automatic and accurate 3D mapping.
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Ming, Liao, and Pan Yuan Fang. "Visualization Emergency Research Based on Mobile Mapping Technology." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 15, no. 6 (2015): 204–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cait-2015-0080.

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Abstract Considering the prevention and management of the major emergencies in China and the increasingly severe environmental security situations, a visualization emergency solution, based on a mobile mapping system is proposed. This paper studies the key technologies of a mobile mapping system in emergency management. It considers the design of a total factor and full-texture real map, which is measurable and can be marked through the mobile mapping technology. It also proposes the application of a real map in emergency cases, which has large practical significance.
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Serwin, Tomasz. "Comparison of the configuration and capabilities of ORM libraries for Android." Journal of Computer Sciences Institute 6 (March 30, 2018): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/jcsi.637.

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The article discusses configuration and capabilities of object-relational mapping libraries for the Android operating system. It also presents previous comparisons of ORMs for mobile systems. Configuration methods and supported mappings from java to database types are described.
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Zhao, Guangyu, Ming Lian, Yiyun Li, Zheng Duan, Shiming Zhu, and Sune Svanberg. "Mobile lidar system for environmental monitoring." EPJ Web of Conferences 176 (2018): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817607002.

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A versatile mobile remote sensing system for multidisciplinary environmental monitoring tasks on the Chinese scene is described. The system includes a 20 Hz Nd:YAG laser-pumped dye laser, optical transmitting/receiving systems with a 30 cm and a 40 cm Newtonian telescope, and electronics, all integrated in a laboratory, installed on a Jiefang truck. Results from field experiments on atomic mercury DIAL mapping and remote laser-induced fluorescence and break-down spectroscopy are given.
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Blaser, S., S. Nebiker, and S. Cavegn. "SYSTEM DESIGN, CALIBRATION AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A NOVEL 360° STEREO PANORAMIC MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-1/W1 (May 30, 2017): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-1-w1-207-2017.

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Image-based mobile mapping systems enable the efficient acquisition of georeferenced image sequences, which can later be exploited in cloud-based 3D geoinformation services. In order to provide a 360° coverage with accurate 3D measuring capabilities, we present a novel 360° stereo panoramic camera configuration. By using two 360° panorama cameras tilted forward and backward in combination with conventional forward and backward looking stereo camera systems, we achieve a full 360° multi-stereo coverage. We furthermore developed a fully operational new mobile mapping system based on our proposed approach, which fulfils our high accuracy requirements. We successfully implemented a rigorous sensor and system calibration procedure, which allows calibrating all stereo systems with a superior accuracy compared to that of previous work. Our study delivered absolute 3D point accuracies in the range of 4 to 6 cm and relative accuracies of 3D distances in the range of 1 to 3 cm. These results were achieved in a challenging urban area. Furthermore, we automatically reconstructed a 3D city model of our study area by employing all captured and georeferenced mobile mapping imagery. The result is a very high detailed and almost complete 3D city model of the street environment.
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Lin, Y. C., D. Bullock, and A. Habib. "MAPPING ROADWAY DRAINAGE DITCHES USING MOBILE LIDAR." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B1-2020 (August 6, 2020): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b1-2020-187-2020.

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Abstract. Roadside ditches serve an important role for draining storm water. Over time vegetation growth, natural sediment deposits, and other debris can change grade of ditches. Effectively monitoring and identifying these changes to prioritize ditch maintenance is important from both a pavement preservation perspective and prevention of localized flooding. This study evaluates the performance of two mobile LiDAR systems for mapping the cross-section of roadside ditches in the presence of vegetation. The geometric quality of data collected by two different wheel-based LiDAR systems were investigated. The mapped ditches were reported and visualized in 2D images as well as 3D point clouds. The cross-sections of man-made drainage ditches were extracted and the quality of mapped ditches was assessed against Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems (RTK-GNSS) survey. The overall point cloud accuracy was 4 cm for the medium-grade system, and 1 cm for the high-grade system. The mapping accuracy is 2 cm (medium-grade system) and 1 cm (high-grade system) for solid surface. For rough mowed areas and areas with significant vegetation, the vertical accuracy was found to be 7 cm and 11 cm, respectively, for both wheel-based systems.
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Song, Jooeun, and Joongjin Kook. "Mapping Server Collaboration Architecture Design with OpenVSLAM for Mobile Devices." Applied Sciences 12, no. 7 (2022): 3653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073653.

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SLAM technology, which is used for spatial recognition in autonomous driving and robotics, has recently emerged as an important technology to provide high-quality AR contents on mobile devices due to the spread of XR and metaverse technologies. In this paper, we designed, implemented, and verified the SLAM system that can be used on mobile devices. Mobile SLAM is composed of a stand-alone type that directly performs SLAM operation on a mobile device and a mapping server type that additionally configures a mapping server based on FastAPI to perform SLAM operation on the server and transmits data for map visualization to a mobile device. The mobile SLAM system proposed in this paper mixes the two types in order to make SLAM operation and map generation more efficient. The stand-alone type of SLAM system was configured as an Android app by porting the OpenVSLAM library to the Unity engine, and the map generation and performance were evaluated on desktop PCs and mobile devices. The mobile SLAM system in this paper is an open-source project, so it is expected to help develop AR contents based on SLAM in a mobile environment.
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31

Tsai, G. J., K. W. Chiang, C. H. Chu, Y. L. Chen, N. El-Sheimy, and A. Habib. "THE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AN INDOOR MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM WITH RGB-D SENSOR." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-1/W4 (August 26, 2015): 183–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-1-w4-183-2015.

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Over the years, Mobile Mapping Systems (MMSs) have been widely applied to urban mapping, path management and monitoring and cyber city, etc. The key concept of mobile mapping is based on positioning technology and photogrammetry. In order to achieve the integration, multi-sensor integrated mapping technology has clearly established. In recent years, the robotic technology has been rapidly developed. The other mapping technology that is on the basis of low-cost sensor has generally used in robotic system, it is known as the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). The objective of this study is developed a prototype of indoor MMS for mobile mapping applications, especially to reduce the costs and enhance the efficiency of data collection and validation of direct georeferenced (DG) performance. The proposed indoor MMS is composed of a tactical grade Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), the Kinect RGB-D sensor and light detection, ranging (LIDAR) and robot. In summary, this paper designs the payload for indoor MMS to generate the floor plan. In first session, it concentrates on comparing the different positioning algorithms in the indoor environment. Next, the indoor plans are generated by two sensors, Kinect RGB-D sensor LIDAR on robot. Moreover, the generated floor plan will compare with the known plan for both validation and verification.
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32

Arseni, M., O. Roman, C. Cucoara, and L. P. Georgescu. "Application of Mobile Mapping System for a Modern Topography." Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences 14, no. 2 (2024): 186–93. https://doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2024-0023.

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Abstract The mobile 3D mapping systems (MMS) and the integration with Geographical Information Systems (GIS) represent an innovative and efficient approach to modern topography. It is recommended and useful for infrastructure analysis and urban planning. This modern technology provides accurate, fast, and detailed data, facilitating well-informed decision-making and contributing to the development of sustainable infrastructure in the 21st century. The purpose of this research was to use a mobile mapping system for land surveying measurement of an urban area, independent of pre-established ground control points. On the other hand, the research is supposed to demonstrate the usefulness of kinematic trajectory, digital imaging, and laser scanning in acquiring, storing, and processing point cloud data. This paper shows an affordable method and a modern scanning instrument used for mobile mapping scanning, to create a georeferenced point cloud (PC). The obtained result has centimetric precision of georeferenced point cloud data, even if the average speed of the car was about 30km/h. The trajectory adjustment with static GNSS measurements increases the accuracy of ground control points (GCPs) up to ±5cm for horizontal positioning and vertical positioning. Although this study was carried out while the system was mounted on a car the result followed the national accuracy requirements for land surveying and cadastre fields. In other words, the mobile mapping system is a faster and cost-effective in time alternative to static laser scanning and it is important to continue to explore and adopt these technological solutions to face the future challenges in the field of urban development and infrastructure.
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33

Di Pietra, V., N. Grasso, M. Piras, and P. Dabove. "CHARACTERIZATION OF A MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM FOR SEAMLESS NAVIGATION." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B1-2020 (August 6, 2020): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b1-2020-227-2020.

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Abstract. Mobile Mapping Systems (MMS) are multi-sensor technologies based on SLAM procedure, which provides accurate 3D measurement and mapping of the environment as also trajectory estimation for autonomous navigation. The major limits of these algorithms are the navigation and mapping inconsistence over the time and the georeferencing of the products. These issues are particularly relevant for pose estimation regardless the environment like in seamless navigation. This paper is a preliminary analysis on a proposed multi-sensor platform integrated for indoor/outdoor seamless positioning system. In particular the work is devoted to analyze the performances of the MMS in term of positioning accuracy and to evaluate its improvement with the integration of GNSS and UWB technology. The results show that, if the GNSS and UWB signal are not degraded, using the correct weight to their observations in the Stencil estimation algorithm, is possible to obtain an improvement in the accuracy of the MMS navigation solution as also in the global consistency of the final point cloud. This improvement is measured in about 7 cm for planimetric coordinate and 34 cm along the elevation with respect to the use of the Stencil system alone.
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34

Ravi, Jayavadivel. "AI Powered Delivery Post Office Identification System." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 05 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem47188.

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Abstract— Postal services are still important in today’s world, but many people find it hard to access them easily using mobile technology. This project introduces an AI-powered Android application developed using Kotlin, designed to help users quickly find nearby post offices, submit complaints, and get instant support through a chatbot. The app uses geo- mapping and the Gemini AI chatbot to provide real-time help and location tracking. It also includes an admin panel for managing user feedback and updating post office information. The main goal is to make postal services more user-friendly, accessible, and efficient by combining artificial intelligence and mobile technology. The app improves communication between users and the postal department while supporting smarter service delivery. Keywords— AI-Powered Application, Gemini chatbot, Geo- Mapping, Android Development, Kotlin, Postal Services, Complaint Management, Location Tracking, Mobile Application and Smart Postal System.
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35

Yao, Q., B. Tan, and Y. Huang. "FAST DRAWING OF TRAFFIC SIGN USING MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B3 (June 10, 2016): 937–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b3-937-2016.

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Traffic sign provides road users with the specified instruction and information to enhance traffic safety. Automatic detection of traffic sign is important for navigation, autonomous driving, transportation asset management, etc. With the advance of laser and imaging sensors, Mobile Mapping System (MMS) becomes widely used in transportation agencies to map the transportation infrastructure. Although many algorithms of traffic sign detection are developed in the literature, they are still a tradeoff between the detection speed and accuracy, especially for the large-scale mobile mapping of both the rural and urban roads. This paper is motivated to efficiently survey traffic signs while mapping the road network and the roadside landscape. Inspired by the manual delineation of traffic sign, a drawing strategy is proposed to quickly approximate the boundary of traffic sign. Both the shape and color prior of the traffic sign are simultaneously involved during the drawing process. The most common speed-limit sign circle and the statistic color model of traffic sign are studied in this paper. Anchor points of traffic sign edge are located with the local maxima of color and gradient difference. Starting with the anchor points, contour of traffic sign is drawn smartly along the most significant direction of color and intensity consistency. The drawing process is also constrained by the curvature feature of the traffic sign circle. The drawing of linear growth is discarded immediately if it fails to form an arc over some steps. The Kalman filter principle is adopted to predict the temporal context of traffic sign. Based on the estimated point,we can predict and double check the traffic sign in consecutive frames.The event probability of having a traffic sign over the consecutive observations is compared with the null hypothesis of no perceptible traffic sign. The temporally salient traffic sign is then detected statistically and automatically as the rare event of having a traffic sign.The proposed algorithm is tested with a diverse set of images that are taken inWuhan, China with theMMS ofWuhan University. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can detect traffic signs at the rate of over 80% in around 10 milliseconds. It is promising for the large-scale traffic sign survey and change detection using the mobile mapping system.
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36

Li, J., B. Yang, W. Wu, et al. "3D MOBILE MAPPING WITH A LOW COST UAV SYSTEM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W8 (November 13, 2017): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w8-127-2017.

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In order to accomplish the automatic mobile mapping task in a small area of interest, a low cost UAV system is proposed in this paper. Multiple sensors including a global shutter camera and an inertial measurement unit are calibrated and synchronized to collect data from the area of interest. First the images are matched by the chronological order and the SfM is utilized. Then the origin SfM result is integrated with the IMU data by adding the IMU constraints into the bundle adjustment. At last the photogrammetry point clouds are generated using PMVS according to the extrinsic parameters. Experiments are undertaken in a typical scene with photogrammetry point clouds generated. The trajectory estimated by the proposed integration method are compared with the method that relies on image only, showing that the proposed method has better performance.
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37

Brindza, Ján, Pavol Kajánek, and Ján Erdélyi. "Lidar-Based Mobile Mapping System for an Indoor Environment." Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 2 (2022): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sjce-2022-0014.

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Abstract The article deals with developing and testing a low-cost measuring system for simultaneous localisation and mapping (SLAM) in an indoor environment. The measuring system consists of three orthogonally-placed 2D lidars, a robotic platform with two wheel speed sensors, and an inertial measuring unit (IMU). The paper describes the data processing model used for both the estimation of the trajectory of SLAM and the creation of a 3D model of the environment based on the estimated trajectory of the SLAM. The main problem of SLAM usage is the accumulation of errors caused by the imperfect transformation of two scans into each other. The data processing developed includes an automatic evaluation and correction of the slope of the lidar. Furthermore, during the calculation of the trajectory, a repeatedly traversed area is identified (loop closure), which enables the optimisation of the trajectory determined. The system was tested in the indoor environment of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava.
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38

Hu Shaoxing, 胡少兴, 陈春朋 Chen Chunpeng, and 张爱武 Zhang Aiwu. "Application of SLAM in Vehicle-Borne Mobile Mapping System." Chinese Journal of Lasers 39, no. 11 (2012): 1108012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl201239.1108012.

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39

Ruslan, Nurfadhilah, Nabilah Naharudin, Abdul Hakim Salleh, Maisarah Abdul Halim, and Zulkiflee Abd Latif. "Indoor Model for Walking Environment using Mobile Mapping System." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 767, no. 1 (2021): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/767/1/012026.

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40

Yao, Q., B. Tan, and Y. Huang. "FAST DRAWING OF TRAFFIC SIGN USING MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B3 (June 10, 2016): 937–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b3-937-2016.

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Traffic sign provides road users with the specified instruction and information to enhance traffic safety. Automatic detection of traffic sign is important for navigation, autonomous driving, transportation asset management, etc. With the advance of laser and imaging sensors, Mobile Mapping System (MMS) becomes widely used in transportation agencies to map the transportation infrastructure. Although many algorithms of traffic sign detection are developed in the literature, they are still a tradeoff between the detection speed and accuracy, especially for the large-scale mobile mapping of both the rural and urban roads. This paper is motivated to efficiently survey traffic signs while mapping the road network and the roadside landscape. Inspired by the manual delineation of traffic sign, a drawing strategy is proposed to quickly approximate the boundary of traffic sign. Both the shape and color prior of the traffic sign are simultaneously involved during the drawing process. The most common speed-limit sign circle and the statistic color model of traffic sign are studied in this paper. Anchor points of traffic sign edge are located with the local maxima of color and gradient difference. Starting with the anchor points, contour of traffic sign is drawn smartly along the most significant direction of color and intensity consistency. The drawing process is also constrained by the curvature feature of the traffic sign circle. The drawing of linear growth is discarded immediately if it fails to form an arc over some steps. The Kalman filter principle is adopted to predict the temporal context of traffic sign. Based on the estimated point,we can predict and double check the traffic sign in consecutive frames.The event probability of having a traffic sign over the consecutive observations is compared with the null hypothesis of no perceptible traffic sign. The temporally salient traffic sign is then detected statistically and automatically as the rare event of having a traffic sign.The proposed algorithm is tested with a diverse set of images that are taken inWuhan, China with theMMS ofWuhan University. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can detect traffic signs at the rate of over 80% in around 10 milliseconds. It is promising for the large-scale traffic sign survey and change detection using the mobile mapping system.
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41

Neitzel, F., and J. Klonowski. "MOBILE 3D MAPPING WITH A LOW-COST UAV SYSTEM." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XXXVIII-1/C22 (September 6, 2012): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xxxviii-1-c22-39-2011.

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42

Blaser, Stefan, Stephan Nebiker, and Stefan Cavegn. "On a Novel 360° Panoramic Stereo Mobile Mapping System." Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 84, no. 6 (2018): 347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14358/pers.84.6.347.

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43

Li, Shuaixin, Guangyun Li, Li Wang, and Yuchu Qin. "SLAM integrated mobile mapping system in complex urban environments." ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 166 (August 2020): 316–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.05.012.

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44

Yun, Hee-Cheon, Min-Gyu Kim, and Jong-Sin Lee. "Applicability estimation of mobile mapping system for road management." Contemporary Engineering Sciences 7 (2014): 1407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ces.2014.49173.

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45

Florkova, Zuzana, Lukas Duris, Michal Veselovsky, Stefan Sedivý, and Dasa Kovalova. "Three-dimensional mobile mapping system and its use in road engineering." MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018): 04082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819604082.

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The paper focuses on the issue of the use of three-dimensional mobile mapping system and the following processing of obtained data. The first part is devoted to the description of the three-dimensional mobile mapping technology using LiDAR, specifically to the mobile three-dimensional scanner - Lynx SG1 from Teledyne OPTECH. It describes into more details the process of works from the field data collection to their so called "postprocessing" as well as a variety of output options and interpretations of results obtained in the measurements. Advantages of the system together with its limits of use are summarized in the conclusion of the research paper.
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46

Angelatsa, E., M. E. Parés, and I. Colomina. "HYBRID MODELS FOR TRAJECTORY ERROR MODELLING IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B3 (June 10, 2016): 805–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b3-805-2016.

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This paper tackles the first step of any strategy aiming to improve the trajectory of terrestrial mobile mapping systems in urban environments. We present an approach to model the error of terrestrial mobile mapping trajectories, combining deterministic and stochastic models. Due to urban specific environment, the deterministic component will be modelled with non-continuous functions composed by linear shifts, drifts or polynomial functions. In addition, we will introduce a stochastic error component for modelling residual noise of the trajectory error function. <br><br> First step for error modelling requires to know the actual trajectory error values for several representative environments. In order to determine as accurately as possible the trajectories error, (almost) error less trajectories should be estimated using extracted nonsemantic features from a sequence of images collected with the terrestrial mobile mapping system and from a full set of ground control points. Once the references are estimated, they will be used to determine the actual errors in terrestrial mobile mapping trajectory. The rigorous analysis of these data sets will allow us to characterize the errors of a terrestrial mobile mapping system for a wide range of environments. This information will be of great use in future campaigns to improve the results of the 3D points cloud generation. <br><br> The proposed approach has been evaluated using real data. The data originate from a mobile mapping campaign over an urban and controlled area of Dortmund (Germany), with harmful GNSS conditions. The mobile mapping system, that includes two laser scanner and two cameras, was mounted on a van and it was driven over a controlled area around three hours. The results show the suitability to decompose trajectory error with non-continuous deterministic and stochastic components.
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47

Angelatsa, E., M. E. Parés, and I. Colomina. "HYBRID MODELS FOR TRAJECTORY ERROR MODELLING IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B3 (June 10, 2016): 805–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b3-805-2016.

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This paper tackles the first step of any strategy aiming to improve the trajectory of terrestrial mobile mapping systems in urban environments. We present an approach to model the error of terrestrial mobile mapping trajectories, combining deterministic and stochastic models. Due to urban specific environment, the deterministic component will be modelled with non-continuous functions composed by linear shifts, drifts or polynomial functions. In addition, we will introduce a stochastic error component for modelling residual noise of the trajectory error function. <br><br> First step for error modelling requires to know the actual trajectory error values for several representative environments. In order to determine as accurately as possible the trajectories error, (almost) error less trajectories should be estimated using extracted nonsemantic features from a sequence of images collected with the terrestrial mobile mapping system and from a full set of ground control points. Once the references are estimated, they will be used to determine the actual errors in terrestrial mobile mapping trajectory. The rigorous analysis of these data sets will allow us to characterize the errors of a terrestrial mobile mapping system for a wide range of environments. This information will be of great use in future campaigns to improve the results of the 3D points cloud generation. <br><br> The proposed approach has been evaluated using real data. The data originate from a mobile mapping campaign over an urban and controlled area of Dortmund (Germany), with harmful GNSS conditions. The mobile mapping system, that includes two laser scanner and two cameras, was mounted on a van and it was driven over a controlled area around three hours. The results show the suitability to decompose trajectory error with non-continuous deterministic and stochastic components.
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48

Bao, Sheng, Wenzhong Shi, Pengxin Chen, Haodong Xiang, and Yue Yu. "A systematic mapping framework for backpack mobile mapping system in common monotonous environments." Measurement 197 (June 2022): 111243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2022.111243.

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49

Fikri, Achmad Akmal, and Lilik Anifah. "Mapping And Localization System Pada Mobile Robot Menggunakan Metode SLAM Berbasis LiDAR." Journal of Information Engineering and Educational Technology 5, no. 1 (2021): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jieet.v5n1.p27-33.

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Permasalahan utama dari autonomous robot atau robot otonom untuk bernavigasi adalah bagaimana robot dapat mengenali lingkungan sekitar. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini berfokus pada perancangan sistem mapping dan lokalisasi menggunakan metode Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) yang diimplementasikan pada mobile robot jenis omnidirectional atau holonomic menggunakan sensor LiDAR. Penelitian ini mengusulkan sistem mapping dan lokalisasi untuk mengenali lingkungan sekitar dengan membuat peta lingkungan menggunakan algoritma google cartographer yang dikombinasikan dengan metode eulerdometry yaitu kombinasi antara odometry dengan data euler orientation dari sensor IMU. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menguji setiap sensor seperti IMU dan LiDAR, dan menguji instegrasi sistem termasuk metode eulerdometry dan sistem mapping dan lokalisasi dengan algoritma google cartographer yang dikombinasikan dengan metode eulerdometry. Hasil pengujian dari sistem mapping dan lokalisasi menunjukkan hasil yang optimal dan mampu mengenali kondisi lingkungan sekitar robot meskipun masih terdapat noise pada peta yang sudah dibuat.
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50

Lauterbach, H. A., D. Borrmann, A. Nüchter, et al. "MOBILE MAPPING OF THE LA CORONA LAVATUBE ON LANZAROTE." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W5 (May 29, 2019): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w5-381-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Planetary surfaces consist of rough terrain and cave-like environments. Future planetary exploration demands for accurate mapping. However, recent backpack mobile mapping systems are mostly tested in structured, indoor environments. This paper evaluates the use of a backpack mobile mapping system in a cave-like environment. The experiments demonstrate the abilities of an continuous-time optimization approach by mapping part of a lavatube of the La Corona volcano system on Lanzarote. We compare two strategies for trajectory estimation relying either on 2D or 3D laser scanners and show that a 3D laser scanner substantially improved the final results.</p>
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