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Journal articles on the topic 'Mobile waves'
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J., Hamad Ameen Jalal. "Reduction of Cell Phone Electromagnetic Radiation Effect on Human Body." International Journal of Sciences Volume 3, no. 2014-03 (2014): 19–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3348671.
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Electromagnetic waves generated by different wireless systems like mobile systems, satellite systems, microwave links…etc. facilitates our communications throughout the world. These waves have many effects on the human body as well as our daily lives. The effects of electromagnetic waves cause many problems and diseases in the human body like cancer. Nowadays, types of the cancer caused by these waves has increased, because mobile users have increased. Because of the importance of human, this paper will address ways for humans to reduce the effects of electromagnetic waves and to reduce cancer. The proposal consists of many recommendations in wireless systems like mobile systems, guiding the users of wireless users specially mobile users how to reduce these waves effects. Furthermore, this research will describe methods to decrease electromagnetic waves and propose alternative techniques instead.Read Complete Article at ijSciences: V3201402439
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Fioranelli, Massimo, Aroonkumar Beesham, and Alireza Sepehri. "A Proposal for an Ultrasound/Sound Holographic Microscope Using Entangled Mobile Phone Inductors." Ultrasound International Open 08, no. 02 (2022): E53—E58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1932-8287.
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AbstractIn this study we propose a model for building a holographic ultrasound microscope. In this model two mobile phones are first connected by waves and techniques like the WhatsApp waves. If the mobile phones are close to each other, their inductors and speakers become entangled, they exchange electromagnetic and sound waves, and they vibrate many times with each other. Objects placed between two mobile phones change the sound waves and electromagnetic waves and appear as holographic images within the inductors and also on the plastic of the speakers. To see these images, a hologram machine is built from a room of plastic, one or two magnets, iron particles, and sound producers. Holographic waves change the magnetic field within the hologram machine and move the plastic and iron particles. These objects take the shape of waves and produce holographic images. To see microbes, one can send a weak current to a container of microbes and then connect it to an amplifier. The weak current takes the shape of the microbes and is amplified by one strong amplifier. Then this current goes to the mobile phone and sound card and, after passing some stages, is sent to the second mobile phone. In the second mobile phone, the sound wave is amplified by speakers and transmitted to the hologram machine. Consequently, particles within this machine move and produce big holographic images of the microbes.
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Del Gaudio, Andrea, Giovanni La Forgia, Francesco De Paola, et al. "Dam-Break waves over mobile bed." Advances in Water Resources 193 (November 2024): 104801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2024.104801.
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arja, Adhi, and Agu ng. "Cellular Phone Electromagnetic Impression Reasoning Fatty Change in the Hepatocytes of the Rising Chick Embryo." International Journal of Pharmacy and Biomedical Engineering 2, no. 3 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23942576/ijpbe-v2i3p101.
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This paper was performed to determine the electromagnetic waves (RFW) released by dissimilar cellular phones and to additional observe the belongings of these waves on the living cells. TriField meter Model 100XE was used to calculate the electromagnetic waves produced by dissimilar mobile phones while receiving a call. To discover the effects of electromagnetic waves on living cells, developing chick embryo was selected for this study. 40 chick fertilized eggs were uniformly divided into manage and an exposed group. 20 fertilized eggs were placed in an egg incubator with a mobile phone in quiet mode having vibration immobilize mode. Mobile was called for total of 50 minutes in 24 hours. 20 embryos each were sacrificed at day 10 and 15, and histology of liver was conducted. The control group, 20 eggs were protecting in the same conditions, having removed the battery from the phone. The TriField readings from dissimilar mobile phones were classified into four groups according to the strength of the waves. Downloading from the net using WiFi also exposed high attentiveness of the waves. Histology of the liver: Control group at day 10, showed developing hepatocytes, row not well formed, and few sinusoids in-between with few spotted RBSs. At day 15, well-formed anastomosing cords of hepatocytes with significant nucleus were experiential and well-formed sinusoids lined by epithelium showing well-formed RBCs can be seen clearly. In the exposed group, the sinusoids were less noticeable and necrosis of hepatocytes was seen. In all the embryos, hepatocytes showed marked penetration of fatty vacuoles in their cytoplasm, necrosis of few hepatocytes showing intensely stained nucleus, derangement of rows forming classic hepatic lobule, deficiency of sinusoids and few scattered RBSs. dissimilar mobile phones showed emission of electromagnetic waves whose strength was high in the old version of mobile phones. These waves affected the enlargement of liver in the chick embryo; hepatocytes exposed fatty change and derangement of sinusoids in the exposed group. This paper concludes that the electromagnetic waves of the mobile phones exaggerated the propagation of living cells in chick embryo.
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Noaman, Aqeel Abbas. "Impact of Mobile Phone Usage on Some Health Aspects of Children and Adolescents: Evidence Based Review Article." Journal of Medical Research 5, no. 4 (2019): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2019.5406.
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The Wi-Fi devices in mobile phones have a key role in exchanging information and data to show images, audios, videos, and to transfer applications from mobile emitting radio waves. These waves emitted by mobile devices are radiofrequency waves, where many kinds of researches in this field have shown that they negatively affect, especially when using the mobile phone for a long time during the day on the vision and the level of hearing in the young people, as well as the effect on the nervous system caused Headache and muscle aches, as well, it has also been derived from these researches and studies that these waves can cause more depression or psychological stress in children and young users of mobile phones. Moreover, it can cause damage to the brain cells and may have caused a brain tumor even though many studies have not proved it. Also, these studies, which were presented in this article, have concluded that the use of mobile phones, especially late at night, can negatively affect the quality of sleep.
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Ouyang, Jin-Hua. "One Mobile Phone Model of Chinese Medical Qigong Therapies." European Journal of Medical and Health Research 2, no. 4 (2024): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejmhr.2024.2(4).27.
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Background: Qigong is one characteristic therapy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), and it has benefited more and more. However, to our best knowledge, the physical model of Qigong therapies remains unknown. Method: Based on the progress of modern science, one physical model of Qiong therapy-mobile phone model is presented. Discussions: The main points of the model are: one normal healthy person is just like one mobile phone which is communicating well in the net, the internal Qi of the person is just like the standing electromagnetic waves inside of the mobile phone, and the external Qi is just like the travelling electromagnetic waves outside of it; the best Qigong state of one healthy person is considered just like one continuing optimal mobile phone, with development one generation by one generation and with strong signal communicating well in net, not like one fixed to one generation. The reason of one person is sick is the electromagnetic waves inside of the person deviates from standing waves or the electromagnetic waves outside deviates from travelling waves. It is the first step to correct the deviation for one patient to cultivate Qigong and finally to get the optimal state of integrating the Three Adjustments into one. The rationality of the mobile phone model and the essence of Qi in the model are discussed.
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Jin-Hua, Ouyang. "One Mobile Phone Model of Chinese Medical Qigong Therapies." European Journal of Medical and Health Research 2, no. 4 (2024): 203–11. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejmhr.2024.2(4).27.
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Background: Qigong is one characteristic therapy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), and it has benefited more and more. However, to our best knowledge, the physical model of Qigong therapies remains unknown. Method: Based on the progress of modern science, one physical model of Qiong therapy-mobile phone model is presented. Discussions: The main points of the model are: one normal healthy person is just like one mobile phone which is communicating well in the net, the internal Qi of the person is just like the standing electromagnetic waves inside of the mobile phone, and the external Qi is just like the travelling electromagnetic waves outside of it; the best Qigong state of one healthy person is considered just like one continuing optimal mobile phone, with development one generation by one generation and with strong signal communicating well in net, not like one fixed to one generation. The reason of one person is sick is the electromagnetic waves inside of the person deviates from standing waves or the electromagnetic waves outside deviates from travelling waves. It is the first step to correct the deviation for one patient to cultivate Qigong and finally to get the optimal state of integrating the Three Adjustments into one. The rationality of the mobile phone model and the essence of Qi in the model are discussed.
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Carr, John H. "MOBILE BREAKWATERS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 2 (2000): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v2.25.
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A mobile breakwater may be defined as a structure or device which combines the ability to appreciably reduce the height of ocean waves in its lee with a degree of mobility sufficient to permit its ready transportation for considerable distances and its speedy installation when arrived at the site. Such a device would find application wherever wave protection is necessary for but limited periods, as in offshore drilling operations, or where an installation is required to be completed in a very short time, as in amphibious military operations.
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Nowacki, Jakub, Mariusz Dąbkowski, Piotr Niklas, and Grzegorz Redlarski. "Localization of Mobile Robot Using Radio Waves." Solid State Phenomena 147-149 (January 2009): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.147-149.95.
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In this paper the authors present the localization system which uses triangulation and trilateration to position mobile robot in the two-dimensional space. Distance was measured with the strength of radio signal emitted by devices of existing communication network, which were constructed by the authors. To get the actual distance in the function of radio signal strength the calibration curve, which was set empirically, made from the spline of linear functions was used. Research in this paper can be divided into two parts: the quality tests of communication and the localization using radio waves. Quantity measure of the correctly transmitted frames showed that the communication network works with the credibility of 80%, which is good result for the radio waves. Outcome of the localization quality showed that the position error did not surpass 1.7 m, which is a good result compared to the error of a typical GPS receiver is 15 m. Summing up, the localization system proposed by the authors is working well. Furthermore the test showed that triangulation and trilateration are universal methods of positioning and they can be used in other systems. Additionally the test indicated that the accuracy can by increased by using devices with a better signal strength measure.
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Jia, Jianguo, Tariq S. Durrani, and Jin Chen. "The Innovation Waves in Mobile Telecommunication Industry." IEEE Engineering Management Review 46, no. 3 (2018): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emr.2018.2863253.
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Horst, Heather A. "The infrastructures of mobile media: Towards a future reseach agenda." Mobile Media & Communication 1, no. 1 (2013): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050157912464490.
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In this contribution to the inaugural issue of Mobile Media & Communication, I draw upon recent work on mobiles in the global south to illustrate how the ‘third wave’ of mobile communication research requires a renewed focus upon the political and economic dimensions of infrastructures and the subversion of the system by individuals, communities and organizations. Inspired by Susan Leigh Star’s seminal work on the importance of studying infrastructures, I suggest that mobile media scholarship should look to the changes in the technical, social, political, regulatory and other forms of infrastructures that the first two waves’ focus upon novel uses and consumers often rendered invisible.
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Frantzen, Chiara, and Andrea Kaifie. "P-556 MOBILE NURSING SERVICES AND CLIMATE CHANGE - PERCEPTIONS AND CHALLENGES." Occupational Medicine 74, Supplement_1 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqae023.1352.
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Abstract Introduction In Germany, four out of five patients in need of care are cared for at home, often with the support of mobile nursing services. Although the impact of heat waves in relation to climate change is increasingly in focus for inpatient care, the consequences for patients as well as workers in mobile care services remain underexplored. The aim of this study was to assess the perceptions and challenges of heat waves on patients and workers’ health in mobile nursing services. Methods A 30 items containing questionnaire was distributed among mobile care services in a major German city. The questions included perceptions of climate change, impact on own and patients’ health as well as measures in the event of a heat wave. Results The mobile services cared for an average of 177 patients. Although, 79% of the services were interested in training on climate change, 38% of the participants did not feel sufficiently informed about heat protection measures. In terms of protective measures for the workers, light clothing (70%) and more rest on hot days (50%) were offered. However, 47.5% of the participants reported no concrete plan of action for dealing with heat events at work. Discussion The knowledge and implementation of protective measures during heat waves for workers as well as patients remains challenging. Setting-specific heat protection measures should be implemented in early education and continued training. In addition, a heat wave action plan for mobile care services should be established and distributed. Conclusion Heat waves remain a challenge for mobile nursing services workers.
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Saragih, Betti Arisanti, and Sigit Mulyono. "Aplikasi Mobile Health untuk Mendeteksi Dini Gelombang Kejang pada Anak dengan Gangguan Epilepsi." Journal of Telenursing (JOTING) 5, no. 1 (2023): 1471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/joting.v5i1.4977.
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This study aimed to detect seizures early on the mobile health application in children with epilepsy. The research method used was the literature review method from the University of Indonesia database, namely: Science Direct, ProQuest, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar (2018-2022. The results showed that from a literature review, seven journals were obtained, and the mobile health application was used to detect seizure waves in children. Many review literature on mobile health can detect seizure waves early so parents or caregivers can prepare themselves before seizures appear in children; using a mobile health application can also increase medication adherence. In patients, they assisted in documenting seizures and growing knowledge about epilepsy for children, parents, or caregivers. In conclusion, mobile health applications benefit children with epilepsy in self-management. Keywords: Epilepsy, EEG, Mobile Health Application
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Dahal, Kul Prasad. "Mobile Communication and its Adverse Effects." Himalayan Physics 4 (December 23, 2013): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hj.v4i0.9429.
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Mobile phone became almost essential part of daily life for all generation of people. It functions with the help of transmission of electromagnetic waves from towers to the cell phones in the micro wave frequency region. The energy carried by the waves is not only useful for mobile communication but also produce adverse affects on the users' health as well as to all living beings which are in the radiation area. The paper aims to discuss some of the possible dark side of health concern by the usage of cell phone and radiation from the towers. It also aims to suggest the possible remedies to minimize the health problems.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 4, No. 4, 2013 Page: 51-59 Uploaded date: 12/23/2013
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Zaid, Jabbar Al-Allaq, Zaeer Dhaam Haidar, Jawad Al Dujaili Al-Khazraji Mohammed, and Hameed Ismael Al-Khuzaie Muntadhar. "Discovering the spatial locations of the radio frequency radiations effects around mobile towers." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 2 (2023): 1629–38. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i2.pp1629-1638.
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Nowadays, smart devices have become a major part of human life, and this need has led to an increase in the demand for these devices, prompting major telecommunications companies to compete with each other to acquire the bulk of this market. This competition led to a significant increase in the number of mobile towers, to expand the coverage area. Each communication tower has transmitters and receivers to connect subscribers within the mobile network and other networks. The receivers and transmitters of each mobile tower operate on radio frequency waves. These waves can cause harm to humans if the body tissues absorb the radiation resulting from these waves. Headache, discomfort, and some other diseases are among the effects resulting from the spatial proximity to the mobile towers. In this paper, a model based on geographic information systems (GIS) software is proposed for the purpose of discovering the area of exposure to radio frequency radiation. This model can assists mitigate the opportunities of exposure to these radiations, thus reducing its danger. Real data of the levels of electromagnetic pollution resulting from mobile towers were analyzed during this study and compared with international safety standards.
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Emmanuel, Amani, and Nabahani Bakari. "Development of Radio Waves Based Mobile Phone Charger." International Journal of Engineering Research and Advanced Technology 4, no. 11 (2018): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31695/ijerat.2018.3343.
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K.Singh. "EFFECT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES EMITTED FROM MOBILE PHONE ON BLINK REFLEX IN NORMAL HEALTHY MOBILE PHONE USERS." International Journal Of Basic And Applied Physiology 5, no. 1 (2016): 168–72. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4506210.
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<strong>Background & objectives</strong>: Electromagnetic wave emitted from mobile phone affects not only the central but also peripheral nervous system. So, it was planned to study the effect of electromagnetic waves (EMW) emitted from mobile phone (MP) on cranial nerves by observing effect on Blink Reflex (BR). <strong>Methods</strong>: BR was recorded by stimulating the supra orbital nerve on both sides by keeping the cathode on supra orbital foramen and anode 2 cm laterally with sweep speed of 10 ms / division, pulse of 100ms duration, and intensity of 15-25 mA. It was recorded before and after 10 min exposure to MP (GSM type, Samsung GTN7100,902).Active electrode was placed at inferior orbicularis occuli muscle bilaterally and reference electrode at just lateral to the lateral canthus on both sides. Ground electrode was kept at forehead. Statistical analysis was done using paired “t” test. <strong>Results:</strong> In right eye, latency of iR1 and cR2 was increased (p<0.001) and iR2 was decreased (p<0.01) significantly after exposure to EMW emitted from mobile phone. In left eye, latency of iR1 and cR2 was decreased significantly (p<0.001) and latency of iR2 was increased non-significantly, after exposure to EMW emitted from mobile phone. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Response of right eye was slightly different compare to left eye, as right ear was found to be dominant ear.
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Misra, Sanjai, and K. K. Bajpai. "Radio Waves and Living world." Anusandhaan - Vigyaan Shodh Patrika 9, no. 1 (2021): 21–23. https://doi.org/10.22445/avsp.v9i1.4.
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Electromagnetic field and radio waves are produced by many daily used gazettes like Microwave, washing machine, mobile etc. It adversely affects the human health as well as other living organisms. Present paper discusses the Physiology and Mechanism of harmful effects caused by electromagnetic field and radio waves .
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Al-Allaq, Zaid Jabbar, Haidar Zaeer Dhaam, Mohammed Jawad Al Dujaili Al-Khazraji, and Muntadhar Hameed Ismael Al-Khuzaie. "Discovering the spatial locations of the radio frequency radiations effects around mobile towers." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 2 (2023): 1629. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i2.pp1629-1638.
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<span lang="EN-US">Nowadays, smart devices have become a major part of human life, and this need has led to an increase in the demand for these devices, prompting major telecommunications companies to compete with each other to acquire the bulk of this market. This competition led to a significant increase in the number of mobile towers, to expand the coverage area. Each communication tower has transmitters and receivers to connect subscribers within the mobile network and other networks. The receivers and transmitters of each mobile tower operate on radio frequency waves. These waves can cause harm to humans if the body tissues absorb the radiation resulting from these waves. Headache, discomfort, and some other diseases are among the effects resulting from the spatial proximity to the mobile towers. In this paper, a model based on geographic information systems (GIS) software is proposed for the purpose of discovering the area of exposure to radio frequency radiation. This model can assists mitigate the opportunities of exposure to these radiations, thus reducing its danger. Real data of the levels of electromagnetic pollution resulting from mobile towers were analyzed during this study and compared with international safety standards.</span>
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K.Singh and Nain Ashita. "EFFECT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES EMITTED FROM MOBILE PHONE ON HIGHER MENTAL FUNCTIONS." International Journal of Basic and Applied Physiology 7, no. 1 (2018): 150–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4481708.
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Background: In the present era, mobile phones (MP) have become an integral part of life. Electromagnetic waves (EMW) emitted from mobile phone affect the health of human beings. When a person is using the mobile phone, it is in close proximity of head, and the electromagnetic radiation emitted from them, may penetrate the brain. Objectives: So, It was planned to study the effect of electromagnetic waves emitted from mobile phone on higher mental functions by applying Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). Material and Methods: The study was carried out in 40 normal healthy adults, 20 males and 20 females, in the age group of 18-40 years, who were using mobile phone for the last 5 years or more, with per day exposure of more than 30 minutes. Subjects with history of neurological disorders, ear diseases, and narcoleptic medications were excluded. The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test was performed before and after exposure to mobile phone, GSM 900, for 10 minutes. Statistical analysis was done by Paired “t” test using SPSS 20. Results: The mean age of subjects was 26 ± 6.02 years. Mean /day exposure to MP was 58.23 ± 17.37 minutes. Trial 1 score was increased significantly (<. 05) from 5.68± 1.83 to 6.48± 2.15) after exposure to MP. Trial 5 score (from 12.55 ± 2.15 to 12.70 ± 2.14) and Trial 6 score (from 11.93 ± 2.49 to 12.38 ± 2.72) showed no significant improvement after exposure to MP. Trial 7 score was (11.33 ± 2. 68) before exposure and reduced insignificantly to (11.10 ± 3.50) after exposure to MP. The recognition score and errors in recognition were almost same before versus after MP exposure. There was insignificant variation between males and females in different scores of RAVALT before and after exposure to MP. Conclusion: Higher mental functions are affected by EMW emitted from MP.
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Lee, Jeongseop, and Sanghyun Kim. "Modeling Urban Temperature Using Measurements from Mobile and Stationary Monitoring Stations." Sustainability 16, no. 20 (2024): 8897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16208897.
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Heat waves are occurring more frequently worldwide as global warming continues, and urban heat islands can threaten conventional life in cities. Measuring, analyzing, and simulating weather data at fine spatial and temporal scales are essential to prevent and reduce the damage caused by extreme heat waves. In urban environments, handling complex micrometeorological situations using current meteorological stations and global simulation models (e.g., weather research forecasting models) is challenging. In this study, the thermal environments of urban areas were measured using a mobile meteorological measurement platform. Both mobile and stationary datasets were incorporated into the meteorological modeling process to simulate the spatial and temporal distribution of temperature. Additionally, various mobile observation implementation scenarios for temperature modeling were examined. We compared simulation combinations with the temperature field generated from the total dataset to obtain a better sampling campaign and properly incorporate mobile data scenarios. When collecting mobile data, it is important to consider spatial features to improve the efficiency of sampling programs. This can substantially reduce the cost of mobile data collection, together with the sensor error bound.
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Matsuo, Moemi, Takashi Higuchi, Hiroya Miyabara, et al. "Assessing attentional task-related electroencephalogram signal variations by using mobile electroencephalogram technology: An experimental study." Medicine 102, no. 42 (2023): e35801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000035801.
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Background: A better understanding of the network responses of cortical activities during rest and cognitive tasks is necessary. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to evaluate cerebral activities during attentional tasks by using mobile electroencephalography, identifying the types of attentional components and brain waves. Methods: In this experimental study, we enrolled 12 healthy young adults. The attentional tasks comprised parts A and B of the Trail-Making Test (TMT). Nineteen electroencephalography electrodes were placed over various brain regions. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to examine the differences in power levels between the rest and TMT conditions. Results: During TMT part A, the electroencephalography power level of the delta waves was significantly higher in the right frontal, left central, left occipital, left inferior frontal, right mid-temporal, right posterior temporal, and middle parietal areas (P < .05) than those during the resting state; that of the alpha waves was significantly lower in the left posterior temporal area (P = .006); and that of the high gamma waves was significantly lower in the left parietal (P = .05) and left occipital (P = .002) areas. During TMT part B, the electroencephalography power level of the beta waves was significantly higher in the right frontal area (P = .041) than that during the resting state, and that of the low gamma waves was significantly higher in the left frontal pole, right frontal, and right inferior frontal areas (P < .05). During the focused attentional task, the power level of the delta waves increased and that of the alpha waves decreased, and during the alternating attentional task, those of both the beta and gamma waves increased. The delta waves were related to the whole brain, the alpha and high gamma waves to the left posterior lobe, and the beta and low gamma waves to both frontal lobes. Conclusion: These findings contribute to the basic knowledge necessary to develop new attentional assessment methods for clinical situations.
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Tamad, Fatiha Sri Utami, Trianggoro Budisulistyo, Amin Husni, Retnaningsih Retnaningsih, Herlina Suryawati, and Suryadi Suryadi. "Wistar Rat Parietal Lobe Cell And Pain Perception Changes After Frequent Of Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Wave Expose." Medica Hospitalia : Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 2 (2023): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36408/mhjcm.v10i2.884.
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Background: The increasing number of mobile phone users raises concerns about the effects. Mobile phone electromagnetic wave radiation harms pain perception due to granular cell changes in the cerebral parietal cortex. Objective: To determine the effect of exposure to electromagnetic waves mobile phone on pain perception due to changes in the granular cells of the cerebral parietal cortex Wistar rats. Methods: Experimental research using randomized posttest with control group design. Samples were 28 rats divided into 4 groups. The control group was not exposed, the treatment group was exposed to 2100 MHz electromagnetic waves for 2 hours/day with a distance of 3 cm for 15 days in treatment group 1, for 30 days in treatment group 2, and 45 days in treatment group 3. Measurement of pain onset using the hot method. Changes in pain threshold were taken from the difference in pain onset after exposure to before exposure. Granular cell changes in the cerebral parietal cortex were assessed from the total score with the provisions of normal cells (sumx0), hydropic degenerated cells (sumx1), and necrotic cells (sumx2). Results: The longer the exposure to mobile phones, the higher the pain threshold and the cerebral parietal cortex granular cell damage score. There was a significant difference in pain threshold and changes in cerebral parietal cortex granular cells between groups (p=0.000). There was a significant relationship between changes in the parietal cerebral cortex granular cells and pain threshold in Wistar rats exposed to electromagnetic waves (p=0.000). Conclusion: Exposure to mobile phone electromagnetic waves affects pain perception due to changes in the granular cells of the cerebral parietal cortex in wistar rats.
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Hagiwara, Junichirou, Yoshihiko Ogawa, Hideo Kitajima, and Tomoaki Shirakawa. "Fading Analysis in Land Mobile Reception of TV Waves." Journal of the Institute of Television Engineers of Japan 46, no. 12 (1992): 1625–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3169/itej1978.46.1625.
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Myrhaug, Dag, and Lars Erik Holmedal. "Mobile layer thickness in sheet flow beneath random waves." Coastal Engineering 54, no. 8 (2007): 577–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2006.11.005.
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Yasui, Takeshi, Yudai Matsumura, Yu Tokizane, et al. "t-generation mobile communication leveraging cutting-edge photonic technologies (Photonic 6G)." Project Repository Journal 21, no. 1 (2024): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54050/prj2122386.
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t-generation mobile communication leveraging cutting-edge photonic technologies (Photonic 6G) Our aim is to develop ‘Photonic 6G’, an all-photonic THz communication technology, by integrating advanced photonic methods. This includes generating low-phase-noise THz waves with microcombs and converting modulated THz waves into optical carrier signals. By leveraging these advancements, we aim to enable advanced modulation and multiplexing in the optical domain, ultimately achieving the integration for photonic 6G.
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Yasui, Takeshi, and Naoya Kuse. "Next-generation mobile communication leveraging cutting-edge photonic technologies (Photonic 6G)." Project Repository Journal 18, no. 1 (2023): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54050/prj1820760.
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Next-generation mobile communication leveraging cutting-edge photonic technologies (Photonic 6G) Our aim is to develop ‘Photonic 6G’, an all-photonic THz communication technology, by integrating advanced photonic methods. This includes generating low-phase-noise THz waves with microcombs and converting modulated THz waves into optical carrier signals. By leveraging these advancements, we aim to enable advanced modulation and multiplexing in the optical domain, ultimately achieving the integration for photonic 6G.
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ZYMANTIENE, JUDITA, RASA ZELVYTE, VIDA JUOZAITIENE, et al. "Monitoring of BALB/C strain mice health, investigation of behavior, hematological parameters under the effect of an electromagnetic field." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 75, no. 03 (2019): 6194–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6194.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of electromagnetic fields on BALB/c strain mice on their health, body weight, behavior characteristics, hematological parameters and histopathological findings in the brain. The mice of the experimental groups were exposed to electromagnetic waves by using Nokia 230 and Samsung 19300 Galaxy S III mobile phones situated at 2 cm from the cages. In the present study, it can be concluded that the exposure of mice to mobile phone radiation had an effect on the structure of the brain, behavior and body weight. The waves of mobile phones increased activity characteristics and changed some behavioral categories of mice and also decreased their body weight. Histopathological examination revealed mild edema of neutrophils and degeneration of some neurons and glial cells in the brains of experimental mice. The results of the present study showed that a using mobile phone had an influence on in vivo systems.
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Filipe Silva de Oliveira, Cristian, José Carlos Lopes Mendes Junior, Rinaldo Kaxinawa Ferreira da Silva, Bruno Pereira Gonçalves, David Barbosa de Alencar, and Jean Mark Lobo de Oliveira. "5G Technology Analysis in Relation to Electromagnetic Waves." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 7, no. 11 (2019): 483–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss11.1903.
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Electromagnetic waves are present in most of the main equipment used by humans. The advancement of 5G mobile network technology has been gaining ground in the telecommunications market and with it both positive and potentially negative consequences as it is used. Fundamental research has been conducted to gain knowledge and familiarity with 5G technology, how it works and its millimeter waves, which is a new range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which works with this new very high frequency and the first time used in technology. mobile network, as well as exploratory research through techniques such as bibliographic surveys in search of data such as frequency, related to 5G and the equipment transmitting electromagnetic waves, and conducting a comparative study to determine through the data collected from both , pointing out studies that present the evils that may cause the human being due to the use of high frequency. According to the results obtained on the 5G, the use of mobile network frequency presents no risks compared to other equipment that humans have been using. Therefore, despite the research results, it is still too early to point out possible damage over the years with the use of this technology, not ruling out possible consequences.
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Wang, Xinyi, Weiping Li, Mingxu Wang, Chengzhen Bian, Yi Wei, and Wen Zhou. "Research on Penetration Loss of D-Band Millimeter Wave for Typical Materials." Sensors 22, no. 19 (2022): 7666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22197666.
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The millimeter-wave frequency band provides abundant frequency resources for the development of beyond 5th generation mobile network (B5G) mobile communication, and its relative bandwidth of 1% can provide a gigabit-level communication bandwidth. In particular, the D-band (110–170 GHz) has received much attention, due to its large available bandwidth. However, certain bands in the D-band are easily blocked by obstacles and lack penetration. In this paper, D-band millimeter-wave penetration losses of typical materials, such as vegetation, planks, glass, and slate, are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The comparative analysis between our experimental results and theoretical predictions shows that D-band waves find it difficult to penetrate thick materials, making it difficult for 5G millimeter waves to cover indoors from outdoor macro stations. The future B5G mobile communication also requires significant measurement work on different frequencies and different scenarios.
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Vasan, SS, and Srinivas Belur Veerachari. "Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Waves and Its Effect on Human Ejaculated Semen: An in vitro Study." International Journal of Infertility & Fetal Medicine 3, no. 1 (2012): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1034.
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ABSTRACT Mobile phones usage has seen an exponential growth recently. With this increasing demand, the amount of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) exposed is also increasing. Hence, we studied the effect of these radiations on ejaculated human semen and speculate the contribution of these harmful radiations in male infertility. Samples exposed to EMR showed a significant decrease in sperm motility and viability, increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) compared to unexposed group. We concluded that mobile phones emit electromagnetic waves which lead to oxidative stress in human semen and also cause changes in DNA fragmentation. We extrapolate these findings to speculate that these radiations may negatively affect spermatozoa and impair male fertility. How to cite this article Veerachari SB, Vasan SS. Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Waves and Its Effect on Human Ejaculated Semen: An in vitro Study. Int J Infertility Fetal Med 2012;3(1):15-21.
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Sahni, Dimple, Parvinder Singh, Puneet Sharma, Amandeep Kaur, Priya Sahni, and Harshit Sahni. "Hearing assessment in mobile phone users." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 10, no. 12 (2023): 4849–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233789.
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Background: Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of today's modern world. But with various day-to-day benefits, mobile phones also bring detrimental effects on the health of users. Ear being the closest organ in contact with phones, faces maximum effect of electromagnetic waves generated by them. Chronic exposure to these waves and sounds can result in permanent hearing loss. Hence, the present study was done to assess the association between hearing loss and duration of mobile usage. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on mobile phone users between the age group of 20 and 40 years in the Department of ENT, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala over 6 months (1 August 2022 to 31 January 2023). 600 volunteers were involved and divided into three groups based on the duration of mobile phone usage. Pure tone audiometry and DPOAE were used to assess the hearing loss in these subjects. Results: A variable degree of hearing loss was observed on PTA and DPOAE in all three groups with a significant association between hearing loss and the duration of mobile phone usage. A higher proportion of sensorineural hearing loss was observed in the group with mobile phone usage of more than 1 hour per day for a minimum of 4 years as compared to those who used them for <1 hour per day for a minimum of 4 years and control group (p=0.001) which was significant statistically. Conclusions: People using mobile phones for long hours are at higher risk of developing hearing loss, especially in the dominant ear.
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Armstrong, Jonathan B., Gaku Takimoto, Daniel E. Schindler, Matthew M. Hayes, and Matthew J. Kauffman. "Resource waves: phenological diversity enhances foraging opportunities for mobile consumers." Ecology 97, no. 5 (2016): 1099–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/15-0554.1.
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Cramer, N. F., L. K. Yeung, and S. V. Vladimirov. "Surface waves in a magnetized plasma with mobile dust grains." Physics of Plasmas 5, no. 9 (1998): 3126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873039.
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Tarasov, S. P., P. I. Tarasov, and M. L. Khazin. "Mobile Safety Screen for Secondary Breaking." Mining Industry Journal (Gornay Promishlennost), no. 1/2021 (March 15, 2021): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30686/1609-9192-2021-1-105-109.
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Research objective: Development and implementation of a mobile safety screen for secondary breaking. Research methodology: Analysis of secondary breaking of oversize boulders. Research results: blasting creates oversize chunks of rock (boulders) in the pit walls and floor, which affects the productivity of the pit and the mining operation as a whole. Open pit mines with large volumes of rock formations have to handle hundreds of cubic metres of boulders every day bearing significant labour and material costs of these activities. Various methods of boulder breaking are used in open pit mining, including electrical treatment, mechanical impact, blasting, etc. A common disadvantage of these techniques is their relatively low capacity. Out of all the applied methods, drilling and blasting of boulders is the most effective, but the use of this method is limited due to the use of various equipment, increased hazards and the presence of certain other disadvantages. The autonomous mobile safety screen has been developed to solve this bottleneck. The use of this safety screen enables breaking boulders using blasting techniques, reduces the size of the hazardous area, increases the efficiency of the air shock waves, prepares safety trenches in open pits and for road construction, prepares the rock mass for long-distance transport by road or railways. Conclusions: The use of this safety screen enables breaking boulders using blasting techniques, reduces the size of the hazardous area, increases the efficiency of the air shock waves, prepares safety trenches in open pits and, during road construction, prepares the rock mass for long-distance transport by motor and railroads.
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Abd-Alhameed, Raed A., Issa Elfergani, and Jonathan Rodriguez. "Recent Technical Developments in Energy-Efficient 5G Mobile Cells: Present and Future." Electronics 9, no. 4 (2020): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9040664.
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BENNAOUM, Mohammed Nazim, Affaf ADDA, and Mohamed CHEKKAL. "Evaluation of the protection of blood cells from mobile electromagnetic waves by a Compensatory Magnetic Oscillator device." Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 12, no. 1 (2025): 73–76. https://doi.org/10.48087/bjmsoa.2025.12115.
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Background. It was proved that acute exposure to electromagnetic waves (EW) of mobile phone alter neutrophil and red cells physiology without clinical impact in human health. Objective. Evaluation of the reliability of a commercial protective device in the protection of blood cells against phone’s waves. Method. Blood samples were taken from 30 healthy non-smoking subjects aged from 18 to 40 years; volunteers and samples were exposed to electromagnetic waves of a mobile phone during a call for sixty minutes under controlled experimental conditions. Complete blood count was compared before and after exposure. Results. Results of this study showed significant changes in vivo for a few hematological parameters represented by an increase in the percentage of polymorphonucleus cells and the level of mean hemoglobin concentration (CHCM), as well as a decrease in lymphocyte and monocyte counts and in vitro by an increase in the CHCM, mean platelet volume, neutrophil myeloperoxydase, immature granulocytes count associated to a decrease for of mean corpuscular volume, mean platelet mass, rate of hypochromic and fragmented red cells. Conclusion. Protection of blood cells by anti-waves devices seems to be insufficient and this work requires to be completed by an increase in population size.
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Panday, Sarika, and Saurabh Sardey. "GSM and CDMA Based Communication System." Journal of Communication Engineering and its Innovations 8, no. 2 (2022): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jocei.2022.v08i02.004.
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Cellular mobile services have been around for a while and are continuously developing today. Numerous communication services, including CDMA and GSM, developed alongside these services. The two most significant technical standards for mobile communication are CDMA and GSM. The GSM and CDMA both transform mobile phone data into radio waves. However, these technologies differ in terms of how calls and data transfer occur through a network. One of the primary distinctions between CDMA and GSM is that CDMA doesn't require a SIM card and instead relies on ESNs to link a mobile phone to its network (Electronic Serial Number).
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Vaidyanathan, Krithika, Nandhini Murugan, Subramani Chinnamuthu, et al. "Wireless power transmission of mobile robot for target tracking." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 3 (2022): 1588–98. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i3.pp1588-1598.
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The system is novel approach to combine wireless power transmission system (WPT) and automated guided vehicle (AGV). The wireless power transfer for charging the mobile robot is implemented using inductive coupling method. The system setup consists of transmitter coils whose switching action is controlled through transistors, receiver coil connected to full ridge rectifier and mobile robot. The track consists of number of transmitter coil which transmits power in form of electromagnetic waves. The receivers in the robot, which receives these waves and converts it back to electric power to charge the battery. The robot tracks its target destination based on the user command from the smart phone through Bluetooth. Very few theoretical researches are available on this field. A prototype was developed and tested based on the researches. The system achieves good range but falls short in efficiency to charge a battery, charging of battery takes longer time than regular charging time. Further research and extensive exploration can bring this technology from theory to practice.
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Yargin, Sergey Vadimovich. "Fifth generation (5G) telecommunication systems and human health." Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer), no. 1 (2022): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-03-2201-06.
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Reviews of experimental and epidemiological studies on supposed damaging and carcinogenic effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves have been published recently. This review is focused on millimeter waves used in 5G communication systems. The literature on this topic is controversial; some reports are of questionable objectivity. Under these conditions, importance of theoretical argumentation increases. Millimeter waves have low penetration depth being absorbed by the skin and visible mucous membranes. It is concluded in this review that there is no convincing evidence of non-thermal mechanisms of tissue damage under the impact of millimeter waves. Theoretically, there is no reason to expect more damaging or carcinogenic effects from electromagnetic radiation per unit of absorbed energy than from infrared rays. Bias and systematic errors are possible in epidemiological studies. According to conclusions of international organizations, the incidence of brain tumors has generally not reacted to the global spread of mobile communications. The incidence increase in some regions and age groups can be explained by improvements of magnetic resonance and other diagnostic methods. In the recent past, cumulative time of mobile phone use was associated with personal incomes and, correspondingly, with diagnostic quality and frequency of examinations. This bias could explain some correlations between the mobile phone use and incidence of certain diseases. Reliable results can be obtained in animal experiments comparing the average life duration in experimental and control groups. To make results extrapolable to humans, exposure parameters in experiments must be comparable to those associated with professional activities or cell phone use.
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Yargin, Sergey Vadimovich. "Fifth generation (5G) telecommunication systems and human health." Glavvrač (Chief Medical Officer), no. 1 (2022): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-02-2201-06.
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Reviews of experimental and epidemiological studies on supposed damaging and carcinogenic effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic waves have been published recently. This review is focused on millimeter waves used in 5G communication systems. The literature on this topic is controversial; some reports are of questionable objectivity. Under these conditions, importance of theoretical argumentation increases. Millimeter waves have low penetration depth being absorbed by the skin and visible mucous membranes. It is concluded in this review that there is no convincing evidence of non-thermal mechanisms of tissue damage under the impact of millimeter waves. Theoretically, there is no reason to expect more damaging or carcinogenic effects from electromagnetic radiation per unit of absorbed energy than from infrared rays. Bias and systematic errors are possible in epidemiological studies. According to conclusions of international organizations, the incidence of brain tumors has generally not reacted to the global spread of mobile communications. The incidence increase in some regions and age groups can be explained by improvements of magnetic resonance and other diagnostic methods. In the recent past, cumulative time of mobile phone use was associated with personal incomes and, correspondingly, with diagnostic quality and frequency of examinations. This bias could explain some correlations between the mobile phone use and incidence of certain diseases. Reliable results can be obtained in animal experiments comparing the average life duration in experimental and control groups. To make results extrapolable to humans, exposure parameters in experiments must be comparable to those associated with professional activities or cell phone use.
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Hartley, John. "Making Safe Waves in Hazardous Areas!" Measurement and Control 42, no. 8 (2009): 246–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002029400904200804.
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As wireless devices such as mobile phones and laptop computers become more reliable and cost effective, there is growing interest amongst the process industry as to the benefits to be found from enabling such devices to be used in hazardous areas. However, unlike most industries, this is not a simple task. Installing wireless networks in hazardous areas requires careful, expert planning and execution. John Hartley, Technical Director of Extronics, explains the hazards posed by radio frequency sources, the issues involved when installing wireless networks in hazardous areas and how to minimise the potential risk.
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Gadze, James Dzisi, Reynah Akwafo, Kwame Agyeman-Prempeh Agyekum, and Kwasi Adu-Boahen Opare. "A 100 Gbps OFDM-Based 28 GHz Millimeter-Wave Radio over Fiber Fronthaul System for 5G." Optics 2, no. 2 (2021): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/opt2020008.
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Due to the unprecedented growth in mobile data traffic, emerging mobile access networks such as fifth-generation (5G) would require huge bandwidth and a mobile fronthaul architecture as an essential solution in providing a high capacity for support in the future. To increase capacity, utilizing millimeter waves (mm-waves) in an analog radio over fiber (RoF) fronthaul link is the major advancement and solution in achieving higher bandwidth and high data rate to cater for 5G mobile communication. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of transmission and reception of a 100 Gbits/s data rate link at 28 GHz. The performance of three modulation formats (16-PSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM) have been compared for an optical fiber length from 5 km up to 35 km for two detection systems; coherent and direct detection. Also, in this paper, the transmission impairments inherent to transmission systems are realized through the implementation of a digital signal processing (DSP) compensation scheme in the receiver system to enhance system performance. Quality factor (QF) and bit error rate (BER) are used as metrics to evaluate the system performance. The proposed system model is designed and simulated using Optisystem 16.
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Xing, Jiang Yong. "Electromagnetic Radiation on Human Health Hazards and Protective Measures in Modern Society." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 1022–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.1022.
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The discovery of electromagnetic waves and applications change the way people live in modern society, from the telephone, radio, TV to your computer, mobile phone, the electromagnetic wave for people to create a rich material life and spiritual life. Electromagnetic wave on the increasingly serious environmental pollution, electromagnetic radiation hazards on human health can not be ignored. Humans not only to continue to develop the application of electromagnetic waves, but recognize the dangers of electromagnetic radiation, to strengthen the protection, so that the electromagnetic waves more effectively for the benefit of mankind.
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A.M.A.K., Shimaa, Furat H.M., and Sedeka S.R. "The Effect of Using Mobile Applications on Facilitating Nursing Intervention in Critical Care Units." African Journal of Health, Nursing and Midwifery 5, no. 2 (2022): 146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-p9e53unp.
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Background: Mobile applications and cellular phone usage at critical care units have grown exponentially in the recent years with introduction of new communication systems and newer and smaller phone models. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of using mobile application in facilitating nursing intervention in critical care units .Design:. A descriptive exploratory design was utilized to achieve aim of the study. Setting: the study was conducted at critical care units at Bahtem Hospital. Sample: A convenient sample of 50 nurses were included in the study. Tools: Tool I: Structured interviewing questionnaire: included three parts. Part I: Socio demographic characteristics of nurses, Part II: Mobile phone data, Part III: Nurses’ knowledge regarding mobile phone, electromagnetic waves and their effects. Tool II: Observational checklist of nurses’ practices regarding use of mobile and mobile applications at CCU Results: The study results founded that half of studied nurses had satisfactory total knowledge level regarding mobile phone, electromagnetic waves and their effects, while the majority of them were using web services to download medical information and to translate incomprehensible medical terms, were using social media programs to send information to the medical team and were exchanging practical information within private groups (Whats App). Conclusion: there was a high statistically significant correlation between total level of knowledge of the studied nurses and their total practices of using of mobile phones applications at critical care units and there was a statistically significant correlation between total level of knowledge and total practices level. Recommendations: continuous health education about mobile phone applications should be planned to the staff and health care professional, Sharing and participation in the knowledge of the latest modern medical programs that contribute to raising the level of nursing in the health care provided to patients with intensive care.
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Krithika, Vaidyanathan, Murugan Nandhini, Chinnamuthu Subramani, et al. "Wireless power transmission of mobile robot for target tracking." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 13, no. 3 (2022): 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i3.pp1588-1598.
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<span lang="EN-US">The system is novel approach to combine wireless power transmission system (WPT) and automated guided vehicle (AGV). The wireless power transfer for charging the mobile robot is implemented using inductive coupling method. The system setup consists of transmitter coils whose switching action is controlled through transistors, receiver coil connected to full ridge rectifier and mobile robot. The track consists of number of transmitter coil which transmits power in form of electromagnetic waves. The receivers in the robot, which receives these waves and converts it back to electric power to charge the battery. The robot tracks its target destination based on the user command from the smart phone through Bluetooth. Very few theoretical researches are available on this field. A prototype was developed and tested based on the researches. The system achieves good range but falls short in efficiency to charge a battery, charging of battery takes longer time than regular charging time. Further research and extensive exploration can bring this technology from theory to practice.</span>
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Hada, Takuya, Kenta Iguchi, and Takeshi Aoki. "Development of Flexible Deformation Mobile Robot Composed of Multiple Units and Pneumatic Self-Excited Valve." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 34, no. 2 (2022): 478–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2022.p0478.
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In this study, we developed new bending modules and pneumatic self-excited valves. In a previous study, we developed a planar flexible-deformation mobile robot that combines multiple bending modules. The robot moves by a traveling wave, which is periodically generated by pressurizing air to the bending modules. Further, it can move in every direction by simultaneously combining the two directional traveling waves. However, problems such as air leakage from the bending module that constitutes the moving object and the influence of the moving operation owing to the tubes comprising the flow path were identified. To address these problems, new bending modules have been developed. To address air leak issues, we verified the materials used in the bending modules and developed an injection mechanism. To reduce the number of externally connected tubes, we developed new bending modules that could include multiple internal flow paths. In addition, because the mobile robot moves owing to the generation of traveling waves, it is a low-grade operation. However, this requires multiple solenoid valves and electronic circuits. This is useful if traveling waves can be generated by simply supplying air using a pneumatic self-excited valve. In this study, we developed bending modules with multiple internal channels and a pneumatic self-excited valve that utilizes the snap buckling of leaf springs used in the mobile robot.
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Deaconescu, D. B., A. M. Buda, D. Vatamanu, and S. Miclaus. "The Dynamics of the Radiated Field Near a Mobile Phone Connected to a 4G or 5G Network." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 12, no. 1 (2022): 8101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4670.
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Characterizing the time variations of signals emitted by mobile terminals provides complementary information to health authorities, especially with the increase of frequency and energy of radiation towards millimeter waves. This experimental work aimed to quantify and classify the time variability of the electric field level measured at 10cm from a mobile phone connected sequentially to a 4th and 5th generation mobile network. Statistic analysis was performed on data from real-time spectrum analyzers, while self-similarity was computed by first recurrence plots of the radiated emissions, corresponding to five different types of mobile applications. Moreover, specificities to the communication standard and the type of application were identified.
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MAMUN, A. A., N. JAHAN, and P. K. SHUKLA. "DIA and DA solitary waves in adiabatic dusty plasmas." Journal of Plasma Physics 75, no. 3 (2009): 413–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377808007721.
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AbstractWe consider an adiabatic dusty plasma containing adiabatic inertialess electrons, adiabatic ions, and adiabatic negatively charged dust. The basic features of the dust–ion-acoustic (DIA) as well as the dust-acoustic (DA) solitary waves (SWs) in such an adiabatic dusty plasma are investigated using the reductive perturbation method, which is valid for small amplitude SWs, and by the pseudo-potential approach which is valid for arbitrary amplitude SWs. The combined effects of the adiabaticity of electrons/ions and negatively charged static/mobile dust on the basic features (polarity, speed, amplitude and width) of small as well as arbitrary amplitude DIA and DA SWs are examined explicitly. It is found that the combined effects of the adiabaticity of electrons/ions and negatively charged static/mobile dust significantly modify the basic features (polarity, speed, amplitude and width) of the DIA and DA SWs. The implications of our results in space and laboratory dusty plasmas are discussed briefly.
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Berni, Céline, Leandro Suarez, Hervé Michallet, and Eric Barthélemy. "ASYMMETRY AND SKEWNESS IN THE BOTTOM BOUNDARY LAYER : SMALL SCALE EXPERIMENTS AND NUMERICAL MODEL." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (2012): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.waves.25.
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This study investigates the non-linearities of wave boundary layers in the surf zone. It mainly focuses on the acceleration skewness or asymmetry. Experiments [e.g. Grasso et al., 2011] show that asymmetry influences the sediment transport. Its influence lies in the fact that asymmetry in velocity (acceleration skewness) tends to transform into velocity skewness within the boundary layer. Analysis by Henderson et al. [2004] predicts a linear relation between Skb/Sk∞ and As∞/Sk∞ where Skb is the dimensionless skewness near the bed, Sk∞ the free-stream dimensionless skewness and As∞ the free-stream dimensionless asymmetry. Numerous experiments were carried out in the LEGI wave flume over a mobile bed composed of lightweight sediments. The quasi-random forcing is a repetition of 2 concatenated bichromatic wave packets. Vertical profiles of velocity are measured in the surf zone. A clear linear relation is shown between these two ratios. The experimental results are compared with the numerical results. A linear relation between skewness and asymmetry is also obtained.