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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mobility impaired'
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Matthews, D. L. "Food shopping and the mobility impaired consumer." Thesis, Swansea University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638031.
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Straddling the domains of retail geography and the geography of disability, this thesis focuses on the experiences of wheelchair users as they attempt to “do food shopping”, within three different realms – their immediate neighbourhoods, supermarkets and a city centre. Its purpose is to consider the extent to which wheelchair users comprise a group that may be labelled as “disadvantaged consumers”, and how consumer disadvantage may be experienced heterogeneously. The act of purchase is only one aspect of food shopping, accordingly, this study looks at those activities leading up to and after the decision to purchase, including where to shop, how to get there and back and movement in and around retail spaces. The work is based on an empirical investigation that involved a large-scale survey, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, escorted trips and visual methodologies with wheelchair users in the Swansea Bay region of South Wales. At all times an attempt was made to see the world from the point of view of these wheelchair users and to bring alive, through the voices of the participants, their own personal tragedies. The results suggest that for many wheelchairs users food shopping is not an inclusive activity. Instead, it takes place within an imperfect marketplace, inscribe with oppressive ableist assumption and practices. Often isolated within their homes by the “ableist gaze”, many respondents reported that their food shopping experiences are fraught with difficulties, largely arising from the ways in which environments are designed and the ways they are treated within society. Public transport is shown to be failing the needs of wheelchair users. Despite new legislation, significant problems are encountered in all three food shopping environments, especially within the domains of the neighbourhood and city centre. At the end of the thesis, policy objectives and recommendations are made.
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Cortellazzi, Jacopo. "Crowdsensing and proximity services for impaired mobility." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10477/.
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La tesi si occupa della creazione di una piattaforma virtuale, composta da un sito web e da una applicazione Android, a supporto di persone con handicap motori.
La piattaforma e composta da una mappa interattiva che permette agli utenti di inserire nuovi locali o di commentarne esistenti, e di fare lo stesso per le barriere architettoniche.
Per questi motivi il progetto e dettato da una continua comunicazione tra client e server, rendendo la piattaforma aggiornata e dinamica, anche alla vista degli utenti.
La parte web viene implementata attraverso Spring MVC, utilizzando delle View .jsp ed AJAX per la comunicazione remota con il server.
La parte mobile e stata implementata basandosi principalmente sulle classi di geolocalizzazione di Android, oltre alle librerie osmdroid ed osmbonuspack, fornendo compatitiblita con OSM.
Questa fornisce anche un servizio di calcolo del percorso, cercando di evitare il numero maggiore di ostacoli.
L'applicazione Android appoggia le proprie comunicazioni sulla libreria Robospice.
La parte di persistenza e stata implementata adottando un approccio ad alto livello, grazie ad Hibernate e JPA.
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Gray, Andrea Edwards. "Virginia historic sites: are they accessible to the mobility impaired?" Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43405.
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The purpose of the study was to determine how historic organizations in Virginia have responded to the issue of handicapped accessibility at their properties. The study sought to determine which historic sites are accessible to the mobility impaired, what handicapped accessible features exist in the sites' buildings and what adaptations have been made to programs and activities taking place at the sites. The study also involved exploring reasons why some historic organizations have not made their buildings and programs accessible to the disabled and determining what future plans the historic organizations have for making their sites accessible to all people.
Questionnaires were sent to 228 historic sites in Virginia; 147 of the returned surveys met the research criteria. Even though most sites had at least one handicapped accessible feature, only 40 sites were reported to be accessible to everyone. Video-tours, slides and large photographs are made available to visitors who cannot participate in the entire tour at some of the historic sites. The main reasons historic organizations have not made their sites more accessible are that alterations are too expensive and structurally difficult. Forty-eight historic organizations plan to make their properties more accessible in the future.
A directory, containing a table of accessible features found at
the sites, general tourist information and a description of programs
available at the sites for the disabled, was compiled from the
findings of this study.
Master of Science
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Mastrovito, Mirco. "User reputation and data quality in a crowdsensing platform for impaired mobility." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
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This dissertation project aims to deal with all these problems by proposing a platform to support people with reduced mobility. There are systems that deal with the problem of urban accessibility through sets of data provided by certified authorities. Such systems have the limit of not being updated in real time and do not extend the possibility of adding information to all participants. From this comes the idea of creating a new application. The application purpose is to collect information on urban accessibility from all users and guarantee, by applying the
concept of crowd-sensing, a high level of data trustworthiness. To be effective in its goal, the application must be easy to use and accessible to everyone at anytime and anywhere. For this reason, the software will be developed around two must-haves that form the main basis for today's communication: Internet and smartphones.
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Lavery, Hamilton Irvine. "Evaluating and negating barriers to travel by elderly and mobility impaired people." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388876.
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Jones, Timothy Paul. "An assessment of a new electronic mobility aid for the visually impaired." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400165.
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Eby, Wesley R. "Feasibility Analysis of a Powered Lower-Limb Orthotic for the Mobility Impaired User." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/952.
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Powered orthotic devices can be used to restore mobility to the impaired user, and may thereby assist them in daily living tasks. An investigation is performed herein to examine the feasibility of a powered lower-limb orthotic in assisting the sit-to-stand task by 50% of the required torque. Feasibility is considered via simulation.
A three-link sit-to-stand model, which is driven by kinematic data, is developed. Models of a Pneumatic Muscle Actuator and a DC motor are used to determine which of the two technologies can make a more appropriate contribution to the sit-to-stand task. Simulation revealed that both the Pneumatic Muscle Actuator and the DC motor are reasonable actuator choices, and neither limited the ability to achieve 50% torque assistance. The ability to assist the task was, however, limited by the ability to derive a control signal for the actuator from the user-orthotic interface.
It was concluded that the user-orthotic interface requires further investigation. It was also found that while both actuator technologies are suitable for contributing 50% of the required torque, the Pneumatic Muscle Actuator is preferable due to its ability to scale to greater torques.
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Dodgson, Andrew Bryan. "Rehabilitation workers' perspectives of orientation and mobility training with older visually impaired people." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5078/.
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Three sequential studies investigate the professional practice of the rehabilitation worker in delivering Orientation and Mobility (O&M) training to older visually impaired people. The first study explored through in-depth, face-to-face interviews (n=17) professionals’ views of the relevance of O&M training to visually impaired people. Analysis of the findings suggested that the prevocational training of the rehabilitation worker equipped them with techniques that in the majority of cases required substantial adaptation to meet the needs of their predominant client group (older people). Emerging evidence of a gap between rehabilitation worker training and their practice prompted a second study to establish expert views of what constituted good practice in O&M with older people. Utilising a Delphi method, an expert panel (n=5) produced detailed descriptions of the elements of good practice (family; mobility aids; public transport; assessment; orientation; sighted guide; the individual; road crossing; the public; the senses) that they considered to be essential for effective O&M intervention with older people. This framework provided the structure for the third study which explored – through telephone interviews (n=29) with practising rehabilitation workers – how their experience of practice aligns with the expert view of ‘good practice’. A grounded analysis of the data uncovered how the rehabilitation worker adopts a common sense, pragmatic approach to the application of their practice. Whilst this enables them to draw directly from the expertise of their client, there is a lack of the underpinning knowledge they require to be confident that this practice is effective. Appreciating that the practising rehabilitation worker develops skills and abilities in order to deliver O&M that meets the needs of older visually impaired people, recommendations are made for the development of their pre- and post-vocational training.
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Pedley, Gillian Elizabeth. "The prediction of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers in mobility-impaired, elderly orthopaedic patients : A prospective cohort study." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511955.
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Lu, Qian. "Feasibility Study of a "Smart" Aid for the Visually Impaired and Blind's Independent Mobility in Outdoor Environments." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-357970.
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This paper investigates feasibilities of technological solutions for empowering visually impaired and blind people to travel in outdoor environments independently. Through related work on users'spatial models, usage of long white canes, and existing technological aid tools, an in-depth understanding of users and problems of independent travel is developed. The main constituents of the independent travel are object detection, navigation, and orientation. While long white canes are very useful for supporting visually impaired and blind people to travel independently, the usefulness is limited to near-space environments. This understanding is later validated using face-to-face interviews, online surveys, and field observations. Based on the understanding, I proposed a design to utilize machine learning mechanisms and computer vision in order to provide real-time and customized support for independent travel in conjunction of use of long white canes. With feedback from user evaluation of a lo-fiprototype of the design proposal, the design concept showed potential abilities of empowering users with travelling on their own. The proven concept initiated a start of a series of futurework for possible implementations. This paper is focused only on support for individuals with visualimpairments to navigate outdoors. Thus, indoor navigation is not specifically addressed, and deafblind people are not covered in the target audience.
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Taylor, Evan Justin. "An Obstacle Avoidance System for the Visually Impaired Using 3-D Point Cloud Processing." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6614.
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The long white cane offers many benefits for the blind and visually impaired. Still, many report being injured both indoors and outdoors while using the long white cane. One frequent cause of injury is due to the fact that the long white cane cannot detect obstacles above the waist of the user. This thesis presents a system that attempts to augment the capabilities of the long white cane by sensing the environment around the user, creating a map of obstacles within the environment, and providing simple haptic feedback to the user. The proposed augmented cane system uses the Asus Xtion Pro Live infrared depth sensor to capture the user's environment as a point cloud. The open-source Point Cloud Library (PCL) and Robotic Operating System (ROS) are used to process the point cloud. The points representing the ground plane are extracted to more clearly define potential obstacles. The system determines the nearest point for each 1degree across the horizontal view. These nearest points are recorded as a ROS Laser Scan message and used in a simple haptic feedback system where the rumble feedback is based on two different cost functions. Twenty-two volunteers participated in a user demonstration that showed the augmented cane system can successfully communicate the presence of obstacles to blindfolded users. The users reported experiencing a sense of safety and confidence in the system's abilities. Obstacles above waist height are detected and communicated to the user. The system requires additional development before it could be considered a viable product for the visually impaired.
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Yusro, Muhammad. "Development of new algorithm for improving accuracy of pole detection to the supporting system of mobility aid for visually impaired person." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAC107/document.
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Ces travaux de recherche visaient à développer un système d'aide à la mobilité pour les personnes ayant une déficience visuelle (VIP ‘Visually Impaired Person’) appelé ‘Smart Environment Explorer Stick (SEES)’. Le but particulier de cette recherche était de développer de nouveaux algorithmes pour améliorer la précision de la détection de la présence de poteaux de la canne SEE-stick en utilisant la méthode de calcul de distance et la recherche de paires de lignes verticales basées sur l'optimisation de la technique de détection de contour de Canny. Désormais, l'algorithme de détection des poteaux est appelé l’algorithme YuRHoS. Le SEES développé comme système de support d'aide à la mobilité VIP a été intégré avec succès à plusieurs dispositifs tels que le serveur distant dénommé iSEE, le serveur local embarqué dénommé SEE-phone et la canne intelligente dénommée SEE-stick. Les performances de SEE-stick ont été améliorées grâce à l'algorithme YuRHoS qui permet de discriminer avec précision les objets (obstacles) en forme de poteau parmi les objets détectés. La comparaison des résultats de détection des poteaux avec ceux des autres algorithmes a conclu que l'algorithme YuRHoS était plus efficace et précis. Le lieu et la couleur des poteaux de test d’évaluation étaient deux des facteurs les plus importants qui influaient sur la capacité du SEE-stick à détecter leur présence. Le niveau de précision de SEE-stick est optimal lorsque le test d’évaluation est effectué à l'extérieur et que les poteaux sont de couleur argentée. Les statistiques montrent que la performance de l'algorithme YuRHoS à l'intérieur était 0,085 fois moins bonne qu'à l'extérieur. De plus, la détection de la présence de poteaux de couleur argentée est 11 fois meilleure que celle de poteaux de couleur noirThis research aimed to develop a technology system of mobility aid for Visually Impaired Person (VIP) called Smart Environment Explorer Stick (SEES).Particular purpose of this research was developing new algorithm in improving accuracy of SEE-stick for pole detection using distance calculation method and vertical line pair search based on Canny edge detection optimization and Hough transform. Henceforth, the pole detection algorithm was named as YuRHoS algorithm.The developed SEES as supporting system of VIP mobility aid had been successfully integrated several devices such as global remote server (iSEE), embedded local server (SEE-phone) and smart stick (SEE-stick). Performance of SEE-stick could be improved through YuRHoS algorithm, which was able to fix the accuracy of SEE-stick in detecting pole. Test comparison of pole detection results among others algorithm concluded that YuRHoS algorithm had better accuracy in pole detection.Two most significant factors affecting SEE-stick ability in detecting pole was test location and pole color. Level of accuracy of SEE-stick would be optimum once the test location was performed outdoor and pole color was silver. Statistics result shown that YuRHoS algorithm performance indoor was 0.085 times worse than outdoor. Meanwhile, silver-pole-color as object detection could increase YuRHoS algorithm performance as much as 11 times better compare to black-pole-color
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Shakeel, Amlaan. "Service robot for the visually impaired: Providing navigational assistance using Deep Learning." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1500647716257366.
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Völkel, Thorsten. "Multimodale Annotation geographischer Daten zur personalisierten Fußgängernavigation." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1239804877252-19609.
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Mobilitätseingeschränkte Fußgänger, wie etwa Rollstuhlfahrer, blinde und sehbehinderte Menschen oder Senioren, stellen besondere Anforderungen an die Berechnung geeigneter Routen. Die kürzeste Route ist nicht immer die am besten geeignete. In dieser Arbeit wird das Verfahren der multimodalen Annotation entwickelt, welches die Erweiterung der geographischen Basisdaten durch die Benutzer selbst erlaubt. Auf Basis der durch das Verfahren gewonnenen Daten werden Konzepte zu personalisierten Routenberechnung auf Grundlage der individuellen Anforderungen der Benutzer entwickelt. Das beschriebene Verfahren wurde erfolgreich mit insgesamt 35 Benutzern evaluiert und bildet somit die Grundlage für weiterführende Arbeiten in diesem BereichMobility impaired pedestrians such as wheelchair users, blind and visually impaired, or elderly people impose specific requirements upon the calculation of appropriate routes. The shortest path might not be the best. Within this thesis, the concept of multimodal annotation is developed. The concept allows for extension of the geographical base data by users. Further concepts are developed allowing for the application of the acquired data for the calculation of personalized routes based on the requirements of the individual user. The concept of multimodal annotation was successfully evaluated incorporating 35 users and may be used as the base for further research in the area
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Froissard, Benoit. "Assistance visuelle des malvoyants par traitement d’images adaptatif." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STET4004/document.
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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre de l’analyse des besoins de personnes malvoyantes dans le but de développer de nouvelles solutions d’assistance visuelle en utilisant le principe de réalité augmentée. Le principal objectif de ces travaux était le développement d’un dispositif d’assistance visuelle pour faciliter la mobilité de personnes malvoyantes grâce à un algorithme qui en temps réel adapte sa réponse en fonction des besoins de l’utilisateur et de la situation dans laquelle il évolue. Le premier postulat de cette thèse est d’utiliser l’acuité résiduelle fonctionnelle des malvoyants afin de leur permettre de percevoir un certain nombre d’informations. Le second postulat est d’utiliser les seules informations pertinentes, utiles à un malvoyant, afin d’améliorer sa perception du monde dans lequel il évolue. Le premier axe de recherche a consisté à analyser les besoins des malvoyants afin de recenser, les indices visuels utiles à rehausser afin d’améliorer la perception des malvoyants. Cette étude a été réalisée en immersion et une enquête précise a été menée auprès de malvoyants. Cette étude permet de mieux comprendre les besoins des malvoyants, les méthodes qu’ils utilisent ainsi que leurs usages des dispositifs actuels. Le deuxième axe de recherche a consisté à concevoir et à mettre en oeuvre un algorithme de traitement d’images répondant aux besoins identifiés. Un outil interactif a été développé qui permet de sélectionner la quantité de contours en fonction de la situation. Ce détecteur de contour optimise sa détection afin d’obtenir des contours plus exploitables pour les malvoyants, comparés aux résultats des autres méthodes de l’état de l’art. Cet outil a été testé et validé auprès d’une population donnée de personnes malvoyantes. Ces tests réalisés sur écran ont démontré que les contours constituent des indices visuels très importants qui peuvent être d’une grande aide dans l’analyse d’une scène. Le troisième axe de travail a consisté au développement d’un système de réalité augmentée permettant d’utiliser ce détecteur de contours dans un contexte de mobilité. L’analyse des besoins des malvoyants vis-à-vis d’un tel dispositif nous a permis de définir les caractéristiques indispensables pour le système de calcul, la caméra et le dispositif d’affichage. Concernant le système d’affichage, l’analyse des besoins des malvoyants en termes de profil, de couleur, de largeur des contours, nous a permis de définir les paramètres nécessaires pour un affichage qui répond à ces besoins. Il a également été pris en compte dans les développements les paramètres physiologiques de chaque observateur afin que les images affichées soient visuellement confortablesThis thesis was done in the context of visual impaired needs analysis with the goal of new augmented reality visual assistance device development. The main goal of this work was the development of assistive device for mobility of visual impaired people by the use real-time image processing algorithm which take into account user needs and the context. The first postulate is the use of residual visual acuity of visual impaired people to allow them to see more information. The second postulate is the use only most useful information for visual impaired people for the understanding of the situation where are they. The first research axis was an analysis of needs of visual impaired to identify visual cues, which one we need to enhance to help them. To do this, I have done an immersive stage into a re-adaptation clinic for visually impaired. I have also done a questionnaire to identify and understand how current products answers partially to their needs. The second research axis was the development of a new image processing to answer identified needs. I have developed an interactive tools that allow the user to select the amount of edges for each situation, context. This detector optimizes its result to provide better results than others state of the art evaluated methods. This tool was evaluated and validated during visual test by visual impaired people. We have demonstrated that edges are one of the most important visual cues for visual impaired people to analyze a scene. The third research axis was the development of the augmented reality system to use my tool in a context of mobility. To do this, I have analyzed the needs of visual impaired people for this type of devices. I have also defined main requirements of the desired device for the processing unit, the camera and the display module. For display module, I have analyzed physiologic needs of visually impaired, in terms of profile, colors, and thickness to answer their needs. I have also developed an image generation model which takes into account many physiologic parameters of each observer to create visually comfortable images
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Völkel, Thorsten. "Multimodale Annotation geographischer Daten zur personalisierten Fußgängernavigation." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2008. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A23563.
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Mobilitätseingeschränkte Fußgänger, wie etwa Rollstuhlfahrer, blinde und sehbehinderte Menschen oder Senioren, stellen besondere Anforderungen an die Berechnung geeigneter Routen. Die kürzeste Route ist nicht immer die am besten geeignete. In dieser Arbeit wird das Verfahren der multimodalen Annotation entwickelt, welches die Erweiterung der geographischen Basisdaten durch die Benutzer selbst erlaubt. Auf Basis der durch das Verfahren gewonnenen Daten werden Konzepte zu personalisierten Routenberechnung auf Grundlage der individuellen Anforderungen der Benutzer entwickelt. Das beschriebene Verfahren wurde erfolgreich mit insgesamt 35 Benutzern evaluiert und bildet somit die Grundlage für weiterführende Arbeiten in diesem Bereich.Mobility impaired pedestrians such as wheelchair users, blind and visually impaired, or elderly people impose specific requirements upon the calculation of appropriate routes. The shortest path might not be the best. Within this thesis, the concept of multimodal annotation is developed. The concept allows for extension of the geographical base data by users. Further concepts are developed allowing for the application of the acquired data for the calculation of personalized routes based on the requirements of the individual user. The concept of multimodal annotation was successfully evaluated incorporating 35 users and may be used as the base for further research in the area.
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Attoh, mensah Kouakou. "Risques de chutes et de troubles cognitifs consécutifs à la consommation de certains médicaments chez les seniors : approche translationnelle Psychotropic Polypharmacy in Adults 55 Years or Older: A Risk for Impaired Global Cognition, Executive Function, and Mobility Adverse Effects of Anticholinergic Drugs on Cognition and Mobility: Cutoff for Impairment in a Cross-Sectional Study in Young-Old and Old-Old Adults : Chronic tramadol administration impairs reversal learning in a touchscreen-based visual discrimination task in mice." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC427.
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Les psychotropes et les médicaments à propriétés anticholinergiques (anti-muscariniques) ont été associés aux risques de chute et de troubles cognitifs chez les séniors. Nos travaux avaient pour but de mieux comprendre le rôle de ces médicaments dans les phénomènes de troubles de la mobilité et de troubles cognitifs. Dans un premier temps, nous avons montré que la consommation de 2 psychotropes ou plus par jour et/ou d’1 seul médicament à propriétés anticholinergiques par jour, dès la charge anticholinergique minimale, est associée à un déficit lors de tests d’évaluation de la marche et de la cognition chez une population de séniors dès l’âge de 55 ans. En ce qui concerne les médicaments à propriétés anticholinergiques, ces effets néfastes sur la marche et sur la cognition étaient plus prononcés chez les personnes âgées de 75 ans ou plus. Les fonctions exécutives étaient sévèrement affectées par ces deux types de médicaments qui semblaient d’ailleurs affecter la mobilité via ce dysfonctionnement exécutif. Nous avons par ailleurs montré que, parmi les médicaments à propriétés anticholinergiques les plus prescrits dans notre population de séniors, la consommation de tramadol, un antalgique de palier 2, était le plus associé à des effets néfastes sur la marche et la cognition. Il est toutefois difficile d’affirmer que ces effets observés sont dus exclusivement à la consommation du tramadol en raison de la polymédication présente chez les sujets. Pour identifier les médicaments les plus à risque, les études chez l’animal, dans lesquelles l’administration de médicaments peut être contrôlée, peuvent être d’un grand intérêt. C’est ainsi que, dans un second temps, nous avons montré que l’administration chronique de tramadol altère les fonctions exécutives telles que mesurées par un test de flexibilité cognitive chez la souris jeune adulte. L’ensemble de ces résultats devraient alerter les médecins sur le fait qu’il est crucial de réduire la polymédication de psychotropes d’une part, et la prescription de tout type de médicaments à propriétés anticholinergiques d’autre part, chez les séniors, dès l’âge de 55 ans. Il faudrait également prendre des mesures qui visent à prescrire des traitements alternatifs chaque fois que cela est possible. En ce qui concerne le tramadol, ces résultats suggèrent la nécessité de renforcer toutes les mesures qui ont été prises récemment pour lutter contre le mésusage de cet antalgiquePsychotropic drugs and drugs with anticholinergic properties (anti-muscarinics) have been associated with risks of falls and cognitive impairment in the elderly. Our work aimed at improving knowledge about the role of these drugs in gait and cognitive impairment. We first showed that daily consumption of 2 or more psychotropic drugs per day and / or only 1 drug with anticholinergic properties, regardless of its anticholinergic burden, is associated with impaired scores on gait and cognitive test in a population of seniors from the age of 55 years. With regard to drugs with anticholinergic properties, these adverse effects were more pronounced in people aged 75 years or older. Executive functions were the severely affected by these drugs consumption. We have also shown that among the most prescribed drugs with anticholinergic properties, the consumption of tramadol, a level 2 analgesic, was the most associated with harmful effects on gait and cognition. However, it is difficult to ascertain that these observed adverse effects are solely driven by the consumption of tramadol due to the polypharmacy in this population. To identify the drugs most at risk, animal studies, in which the administration of drugs can be controlled, may be of great interest. Hence, as a second step, we showed that the chronic administration of tramadol impairs executive functions as measured by cognitive flexibility in young adult mice. Altogether these results should alert physicians on the fact that it is crucial to reduce polypharmacy of psychotropic drugs as well as the prescription of all types of drugs with anticholinergic properties. Alternative treatments should be prioritized as soon as possible. With regard to tramadol, these results suggest the need to strengthen the measures taken recently to combat the misuse of this analgesic
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Mariani, Eliete. "Delineamento de sistemas eletrônicos para guiar pessoas com deficiência visual em redes de metrô." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16132/tde-02092016-151522/.
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Redes de metrô são responsáveis pelos deslocamentos urbanos diários de milhões de pessoas. Estações de metrô são espaços pensados para a mobilidade, como zonas de transição. Devido à sua complexidade (diferentes configurações, circulação de trens em seu interior e pessoas andando apressadas), esses ambientes tornam-se confusos para os deslocamentos autônomos de pessoas com deficiência visual. Sistemas de metrô têm recebido constantes solicitações por parte de grupos de pessoas com deficiência visual, que fazem referência a aplicativos para smartphones ou utilização de outros dispositivos móveis que auxiliem nos seus deslocamentos. Entretanto, constata-se que leis e normas técnicas não definem parâmetros para tais sistemas, e ainda não existe um consenso entre os profissionais ou acadêmicos, quanto ao seu projeto e uso. Por meio desta pesquisa objetivou-se investigar as formas como as pessoas com deficiência visual interagem em seus percursos por estações e trens de metrô, procurando-se conhecer suas habilidades, limitações e temores, à luz de suas variáveis cognitivas, tendo sido realizadas observações participantes no metrô de São Paulo. Buscou-se ainda, a observação da experiência da utilização de um sistema de informação e navegação na prática, optando-se por realizar uma pesquisa no metrô da cidade do Porto, em Portugal, a respeito do sistema Navmetro®. Para formar considerações coerentes, fez-se necessário trabalhar com diversas áreas de conhecimento, relacionadas à natureza multidisciplinar da pesquisa (psicologia, sociologia, saúde pública, eletrônica e transportes, entre outras). O estudo pautou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando ferramentas para coleta de dados como observação participante e entrevistas; em paralelo ocorreu a aplicação de um questionário qualiquantitativo para complementação de dados. As entrevistas ocorreram com pessoas diretamente ligadas ao serviço de prover viagem de metrô, com especialistas em projetos de estações e trens, com professores de orientação e mobilidade e com os próprios usuários, foco deste trabalho. Para interpretação dos dados obtidos em campo foram feitos cruzamentos com os dados do referencial bibliográfico, de maneira a se chegar a resultados que pudessem delinear parâmetros de projetos de sistemas que transmitam informações e comandos de navegação em tempo real. Por meio de emissão de sons e vibração, estes sistemas podem representar um auxílio precioso em estações e trens de metrô. Como consequência, este estudo apresenta subsídios que podem servir para o aprimoramento e desenvolvimento de sistemas de tecnologia assistiva voltados à informação e navegação de pessoas com deficiência visual, e base de estudos para desenvolvimento de tecnologias semelhantes nos demais sistemas de transporte.Metro systems are responsible for the commutes of several million people daily. Stations, as spaces designed for mobility, are transition zones. Their complexity (diverse configurations, train movements in different directions and rushed commuters), environments become somewhat confusing places for the visually impaired. Metro operating companies have been receiving requests from associations that represent the visually impaired people, demanding smartphone applications or the use of dedicated devices to aid them when using the network. However, existing legislation and standards don\'t provide requirements for such systems, and there is no consensus, among professionals or academics, for their design and usage. This research started by examining the ways found by the visually impaired to interact with space, assessing their abilities, limitations and worries, in consideration of their cognitive variables, within the Sao Paulo metro users. It has also assessed the practical use of a specific information/navigation system called Navmetro®, in use at the Porto (Portugal) metro. A multidisciplinary approach was used, by means of qualitative research and the use of data collection tools such as voluntary participant observation and interviews; simultaneously, a qualitative questionnaire was applied for data supplementation. Interviews focused on people with direct operational experience on the metro system, experts in station/train design, guidance and mobility teachers and, most importantly, frequent users. Data obtained in field work was cross-referenced with data found in the bibliographic sources, in order to attain results that may perhaps delineate design parameters for systems able to transmit information and navigational commands in real time. Through the use of sounds and vibrations, these systems can become a precious support for guidance in metro networks. This paper presents elements that can lead to the development and improvement of assistive technologies focusing on information and navigation systems for the visually impaired people, and also to the development of similar technologies in other transportation systems.
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Konečný, Martin. "Does Housing Market impair Job Mobility and Employment in the Czech Republic?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199720.
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The main goal of the paper is to find out whether homeownership can have detrimental effect on employment in the Czech Republic. The Oswalds conjecture is tested on the set of panel data across Czech regions between the years of 2005--2012. By testing model similar to the Oswald's I receive the similar result that the rate of homeownership leads to higher rate of unemployment in following years. The second model tested in the paper does not support previous findings that regional rate of homeownership has negative effect on individual's probability of being unemployed. Possible refinements to the model are presented as inspiration for further research.
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Santa, Comba Catarina Isabel Póvoa. "Cane for the visually impaired." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/28305.
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The biggest struggle that visually impaired and blind people face on their daily basis is the ability to navigate outdoors independently and safely. In order to make the necessary deviations while maintaining the desired course, it is necessary that visually impaired travellers are capable of correctly detect possible
hazards or obstacles. Even though the traditional mobility aids such as the guide dog and the white cane have proven to be valuable and effective tools in many mobility tasks, there are still situations where these means are not effective.
Therefore, in the last decades, there has been a great investment in the research and development of electronic travel aids. At the University of Aveiro in the years of 2008 and 2009, were also developed two electronic canes which used ultrasounds to detect holes, drop-offs, and steps. However, in both prototypes, it was detected the presence of acoustic coupling of the signal between the emitter and receiver transducers which reduced drastically the efficiency of both devices.
Thus, in this master thesis, it is proposed a solution to this issue using 3D printing also known as additive manufacturing. This technology has been growing exponentially in the last years and gaining prominence in several sectors such as industry, engineering, and medicine. In this specific case, it will be utilized
to produced several prototypes of supports for the ultrasonic transducers in order to minimize the acoustic coupling.A maior dificuldade que as pessoas cegas e com deficiência visual enfrentam no seu dia-a-dia é serem capazes de se movimentarem de forma independente e segura no exterior. Por forma a serem efetuados os desvios necessários mantendo o trajecto desejado, é necessário que estas consigam detetar correctamente possíveis perigos ou obstáculos. Embora os dispositivos auxiliares de mobilidade tradicionais, como o cão guia e a bengala branca, tenham demonstrado ser ferramentas valiosas e eficazes em diversas situações, ainda existem casos em que estes meios não são eficazes. Por este motivo, durante as últimas décadas tem havido um grande investimento na pesquisa e desenvolvimento de dispositivos auxiliares de mobilidade eletrónicos. Na Universidade de Aveiro nos anos de 2008 e 2009 foram também desenvolvidas duas bengalas eletrónicas que utilizavam ultra-sons para detetar buracos, desníveis e escadas. No entanto, em ambos os protótipos foi detetada a existência de acoplamento acústico de sinal entre o transdutor emissor e o transdutor receptor, o que reduzia drasticamente a eficácia de ambos os dispositivos. Nesta dissertação propõe-se uma solução para este problema usando a impressão 3D também conhecida como manufatura aditiva. Esta tecnologia tem vindo a crescer exponencialmente nos últimos anos e ganhando maior destaque em diversos setores nomeadamente na indústria, engenharia e medicina. Neste caso em específico foi usada para produzir vários protótipos de suportes para os transdutores de ultra-sons por forma a minimizar-se ao máximo o acoplamento acústico.
Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações
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Jacobs, Alvean Illinois. ""Disabled identities": pastoral work with people who are mobility impaired." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2027.
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This thesis is about pastoral work with people who live with mobility impairment. The research address two main questions, namely "What are the implications of acquired mobility impairment for personal identity and collective identity?" and "How can we in Christian faith communities, through pastoral work, facilitate a sense of belonging and strengthen personal identity and collective identity for people who are mobility disadvantaged?"
This thesis therefore addresses the problem of identity. Thus, a theoretical analysis from literature sources is undertaken to explore theories about narrative identity in relation to personal identity and the importance of the metaphor "belonging" to bridge the gap of personal identity to collective identity. Consequently, religious identity is discussed in relation to the notion of multiple identities and the importance of collective identity to shaping personal identity.
The research questions are answered through a theoretical exploration of approaches to disability and qualitative, narrative empirical research is undertaken. A few people who are quadriplegic, a family member and an occupational therapist are interviewed and the recounting of their "stories" facilitated. The empirical research results in highlighting that the research participants' "stories" discloses a link between bodily restrictions and social restrictions to mobility. This combination works together to make social interaction very difficult and clearly influenced the transition from pre-quadriplegia to post-quadriplegia. Analysing the "stories" told by the research participants allows for critical reflection on a preferred pastoral work praxis to people living with mobility impairment.
Narrative identity is linked with a theology of embrace and metaphors of "covenant" and "belonging" which expresses that faith communities should imitate the embracing love and compassion of the Triune God who through the act of suffering included all humankind. It provides the foundation for a preferred pastoral work praxis of "embrace" which can be practised holistically and actively through integration with the other practices of faith communities to facilitate a sense of belonging to a collective identity.Practical Theology
D. Th. (Practical Theology)
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Kostic, Nemanja. "Automated Generation of Indoor Accessibility Information for Mobility-Impaired Individuals." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11759.
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Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geospatial Technologies.One section of the general population that can greatly bene t from the current interest in indoor navigation systems comprises the various disabled groups. In developing assistive navigation systems an important issue is how to obtain information relevant for navigation from the perspective of these special user groups. The theory of a ordances coupled with computer-based simulation o ers a solution for automated extraction of this information from readily available sources - architectural oor plans. Simulation of movement in space can be used to derive a user-relative selection of accessible space by comparing the degree of match between the geometrical demands of navigation and the relevant physical properties of the environment. We also investigate what is the right level of representation of the environment for running the simulations as well as deriving higher-level networks of places and their connections that facilitate orientation and the interaction between user and navigation system.
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Pires, Carlos Miguel Nascimento Tonim Galinho. "Personal assistant for improving the social life of mobility-impaired citizens." Dissertação, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/58361.
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Pires, Carlos Miguel Nascimento Tonim Galinho. "Personal assistant for improving the social life of mobility-impaired citizens." Master's thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/58361.
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Lin, Chung-Hung, and 林重宏. "The Application of Virtual Reality on the Visually Impaired Orientation and Mobility Assistant." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42464545993651515440.
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碩士龍華科技大學
機械系碩士班
93
In this research, the virtual training system for the visually impaired is built upon the virtual reality technology. The virtual environment aided trainings provide the courses of the direction memory, the vehicle driving recognition, the virtual outdoor moving, and so on. The virtual things are created by 3D Studio Max whose interactions are presented by EON, a virtual reality environment development kit. In addition, the VB programming is interface to develop the entire operation procedures of the training courses like the video game challenges to make users interested in the learning systems. Eventually, the design is operated for the testing by the students in Taipei Parents’ Association for the Visually Impaired to prove the system usability and efficiency for the visually impaired training on the orientation and mobility. Thus, the program records the operation history as for the training analysis and verification. The data can be evaluated to help other visually impaired get more effective assists in the future studies.
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WANG, GIN-YOU, and 王婧宇. "Acceptance and Use of Information Technology for Assisting Mobility by Visually Impaired People." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87802806150825331198.
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碩士慈濟大學
醫學資訊學系碩士班
104
According to the report of the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Taiwan, the visually impaired population is nearly 55,000 in 2014, and there is in growing trend. Recently, there are several assistive devices which based on information and communication technologies (ICT) have developed to help the visual impaired people in their daily life. However, so far these products are not widely accepted by the visually impaired people. The objective of this study is to explore the needs and the acceptance conditions of these smart assistive products to visual impaired people. A brief guidance is proposed to help the designer to develop an acceptable product in the future. This study is based on systematic review of the literatures and development of a questionnaire to collect the functional and nonfunctional requirement. More than 50 literatures are selected and 32 visual impaired people who live in Taipei or Hualien are interviewed. Finally, 8 guidelines are proposed to help the engineers to design a suitable product for visual impaired people
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Moll, Aletta Magdalena. "The influence of adaptive sport involvement on the identity formation of mobility impaired adolescents." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23728.
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The aim of the research was to determine the influence of adapted sport on the identity formation of adolescents with a mobility impairment.
An empirical investigation was carried out to investigate the relationship between certain variables, such as social relationships and affective constructs, and the identity formation of adolescents with a mobility impairment as information emerged from the literature study.
A sample of 140 adolescents with a mobility impairment was drawn using purposive sampling. An instrument to measure the identity formation of adolescents with a mobility impairment was compiled. The data, which were obtained from the implementation of the instrument, were analysed using qualitative content analysis techniques.
The major findings of the study revealed that there was no significant difference in the identity of adolescents with a mobility impairment who participated in sport, compared with the identity of adolescents with a mobility impairment who did not participate in sport.
There was however, a significant positive correlation between social relationships with friends and parents, and the identity formation of adolescents with a mobility impairment. There was also a positive correlation between affective variables and the identity formation of adolescents with a mobility impairment. The two positive affective constructs with the highest correlation were trustfulness and gregariousness. The negative construct with the highest correlation was depression.
Based on the findings, conclusions were drawn and recommendations were made. The relationship of adolescents with their friends and parents, together with the health of adolescents, explained the largest proportion of the variance in the identity formation of adolescents with a mobility impairment, namely 42%. The remaining 58% of the variance in the identity formation has not been significantly explained as yet. The implications for parents and educators are clearly explained.Psychology of Education
D. Ed.
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Chang, Ling-Feng, and 張玲鳳. "Interactive Teaching Material Development of Quantitative Orientation and Mobility Training For Visually Impaired People." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22965652040392572565.
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碩士僑光科技大學
資訊科技研究所
101
The aim of this study is to construct quantitative action modes to train a visual impaired person for the skill of orientation and mobility, include exact direction and distance. Developing teaching material and training system and applying motion sensing device (Asus Xtion Pro) collects body skeleton information of visual impaired people to analyze the behavior patterns. Via audio, visual impaired people may identify their body motion and direction by sound, help themselves have a clear spatial concept, and know the exact direction and distance when they are moving. This training mode can help visual impaired people act independently by focusing on their body senses, increase body control ability and orientation and mobility capability, strengthen their confidence and independence, so as to receive abundant environment information and response more safely and efficiently in the coming future. Base on this, researchers can develop more and more interactive learning systems which are suitable for visual impaired people. The results of this study can be used as reference of the future researchers to develop better teaching and training systems for visual impaired people.
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Patel, Shreyash Mukeshkumar. "BlueEyes: assistive technology for visually impaired and blind people - a bluetooth." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/28097.
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This report is presented to draw one solution “people to people” (P2P) through the mobile technology that promotes the change in the field of sustainability in relation to the Application system. The HCI interaction field, as the basis for the study of this project, is defined as a multidisciplinary field of knowledge, focusing on the design of computer technology and, in particular, on the interaction between humans and computers.
For the development of this project it was necessary enough research information on the technologies that will be needed to create an application mobile. All this research and design belongs to just one of the various stages of this project that has the base of operations at ESEC.
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Lin, Yi, and 林沂. "Relative Contribution of Mobility and Cognition to Falls and Fear of Falling in Cognitive Impaired Older Adults." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46209281972388677647.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
物理治療學研究所
102
With aging of the world population, “Falls” and “Fear of falling” become an important issue which may influence health and independence of the older adults. The incidence of falls and fear of falling are twice or more on cognitive impaired older adults. The relationship between falls and fear of falling on cognitive impaired older adults remains unclear. Mobility and cognition may be the main factors that influence falls and fear of falling, and the interaction between these two factors has been suggest recently. This study aims to find out the relative contribution of mobility and cognition to falls and fear of falling in. The participants in this study were cognitive impaired community-dwelling older adults recruited from National Taiwan University hospital and day care centers in Neihu and Songshan. The basic data (age, gender, fall history, Barthel index) of each subject were collected. The assessment tool including Iconographical Falls Efficacy Scale (Icon-FES, fear of falling), Timed ”Up &; Go” test (TUG, mobility), Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE, cognition), Saint Louis University Mental Status Examination (SLUMS, cognition), Timed ”Up &; Go” and Subtraction by Threes dual task (interaction between mobility and cognition). One month after the assessment, the assessor will recorded the number of falls by calling the subjects. The descriptive statistics analysis were used to describe the basic characteristics of the participants, the correlation and regression analysis were used to understand the relative contribution of those factors to falls and fear of falling. This study recruited 57 participants (17 male and 40 female), the average age was 79.7 years old. 47.4% severe cognitive impaired older adults were included in this study. The average number of falls before this assessment is 1.09 in one year, range from 0 to 12. The average number of falls after the assessment is 0.14 in 1 month, range from 0 to 1. For numbers of falls, the correlation analysis shows positive relationship with MMSE scores (retrospective/prospective r= 0.165/0.234), negative relationship with dual task cost (retrospective/prospective r= -0.185/-0.061). The order of important contributors for falls is cognition (|Beta|=0.371), mobility (|Beta|=0.283) and dual task performance (|Beta|=0.023). For fear of falling, the correlation analysis shows positive relationship with TUG seconds (r= 0.373, p=0.004), negative relationship with MMSE scores (r= -0.154), dual task cost (r= -0.088). The order of important contributors for fear of falling is mobility (|Beta|=0.289), cognition (|Beta|=0.084) and dual task performance (|Beta|=0.06). In conclusion, fall incidence may be higher in those who have better cognition status in cognitive impaired community-dwelling older adults, and the mobility may be an important factor for fear of falling due to significant high correlation. the dual task performance have low correlation and relative contribution to the number of falls, whether or not to use this kind of assessment for assessing clinical cognitive impaired older adults needs more research to find out. The result of this study can be a useful concept for designing clinical fall-prevention program.
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Huang, Yun-Ru, and 黃韻如. "A Study on the Current Situation of the Orientation and Mobility Teaching among the Teachers of Visual Impaired Children." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59887098934846507082.
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碩士臺北市立教育大學
身心障礙教育研究所
94
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to explore the current situation of the orientation and mobility teaching among the teachers of visual impaired children. The research methods depend on questionnaires in compliance with interviews. Subjects of this study are teachers of visual impaired children in Taiwan’s public school. The researcher composed the questionnaire “The current situation of the orientation and mobility teaching among the teachers of visual impaired children”. Data derived from the questionnaires were analyzed by frequencies distribution, percentages, t Test, one way ANOVA, and Scheffe’s Method. From the analysis results, this research finds: 1. Most teachers of visual impaired children still encounter many difficulties in teaching orientation and mobility. The problems in teaching orientation and mobility still remain unresolved and shall be taken seriously. 2. Among all types of background factors, the significant difference only exists between male and female teachers. 3. Teachers of visual impaired children agree with the twelve opinions on teaching orientation and mobility. Based on the research findings, some suggestions for teachers of visual impaired children, educational administrative organizations, and further academic research are also provided in the study. Key word: teachers of visual impaired children, orientation and mobility
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Hollway, Denise. "Progressive Exercise To Address Impaired Balance And Mobility In Older Adults Referred for Home Care Physiotherapy: Is It Beneficial To Target Vestibular Control And Lower Limb Muscle Strength." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/12230.
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Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a progressive exercise program on vestibular control of standing balance, in older adults referred for home care physiotherapy because of balance impairment.
Methods: Ability to use vestibular inputs for postural control in standing was assessed using the Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Balance (CTSIB). Participants who had CTSIBTest 5 scores of < 15 seconds were accepted into the study. Participants were randomly assigned to an 8 week intervention of progressive balance exercise targeting ability to use vestibular control and high intensity progressive resistance exercise (PRE) or high intensity PRE only.
Results: The difference in CTSIBTest 5 scores of the RBE Group (median 23.3 s) was greater than the difference in CTSIBTest 5 scores for the RE Group (median 0.60 s) (W = 18.0, p <0.05).
Conclusions: The results of this study provide preliminary evidence that the ability to use vestibular control in older adults, referred for home care physiotherapy for balance impairment, can be modified by progressive balance training and resistance exercise but not by resistance exercise alone.
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Souto, António Pedro de Sousa Glória e. Valadares. "Development of a standing disruptive concept for the mobility of individuals with motor disability." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/70340.
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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Biomedical EngineeringThe present project intends to explore the idea of creating a new and better kind of mobility device, capable of transporting individuals who suffer of mobility impairments. The developments of the dissertation culminated in an explanatory prototype based of a set of requirements and of withdrawn conclusions of the state of the art of mobility devices. It is proposed a novel concept of vertical transport for the mobility impaired. The present idea allows the user greater agility than most mobility devices, improved self-autonomy and operating while in a vertical stance, reducing health risks which the mobility disabled are prone to, both mental and physical. Firstly, it is presented a literature review of the mobility devices targeted for the mobility impaired developed thus far. The analysis of the development throughout history and of the devices currently presented in the market allowed to understand which necessities of the mobility disabled are yet to be answered. Said knowledge is the foundation of a project intended to further improve the quality of life of whoever has such special needs. To counter the list of requirements and specifications, the complex engineering problem was divided in smaller subfunctions that could be more easily answered to. After presenting several solutions to each subfunction, the ones considered best were selected and developed. For designing the device, several steps were taken. For a broader triage of concepts, it was used sketching. Later, the best notions were recreated on the CAD software SolidWorks, which allowed for virtual testing of the wouldbe prototype. Once a design was deemed worthy, the pieces of the mechanism were 3D printed, creating a physical model of the final goal of the project. Thus, it was created the basis of a mobility device for the individuals who suffer from mobility impairments that can be used in the outdoors, reach running speeds and assists in maintaining a vertical stance, diminishing the risks of developing health problems triggered from prolonged times in a seated position.
O presente projeto pretende explorar a ideia de criar um novo e melhor dispositivo de mobilidade, capaz de transportar indivíduos que sofrem de deficiências de mobilidade. A evolução da dissertação culminou num protótipo elucidativo baseado num conjunto de requisitos e conclusões retiradas do estado da arte de dispositivos de mobilidade. Propõe-se um novo conceito de transporte vertical para quem sofre de problemas de mobilidade. A ideia permite ao usuário uma maior agilidade do que a maioria dos dispositivos de mobilidade, auto autonomia aprimorada e ser operável em posição vertical, reduzindo os riscos de saúde a que os deficientes de mobilidade são propensos, tanto a nível mental como físico. Em primeiro lugar, é apresentada a revisão da literatura sobre os dispositivos de mobilidade desenvolvidos até agora para quem sofre de problemas de mobilidade. A análise do desenvolvimento ao longo da história e dos dispositivos atualmente apresentados no mercado permitiu entender quais as necessidades dos deficientes que ainda necessitam de ser respondidas. O referido conhecimento é o fundamento de um projeto destinado a melhorar ainda mais a qualidade de vida de quem tem tais necessidades especiais. Para a lista de requisitos e especificações, o complexo problema de engenharia foi dividido em subfunções menores que poderiam ser mais facilmente respondidas. Depois de apresentar várias soluções para cada subfunção, os considerados melhores foram selecionados e desenvolvidos. Para projetar o dispositivo, foram tomadas várias etapas. Para uma triagem mais ampla de conceitos, foram utilizados esboços. Mais tarde, as melhores noções foram recriadas no software CAD SolidWorks, o que permitiu testes virtuais do potencial protótipo. Uma vez que um design foi considerado digno, as peças do mecanismo foram impressas em 3D, criando um modelo físico do objetivo final do projeto. Assim, foi criada a base de um dispositivo de mobilidade para os indivíduos que sofrem de deficiências de mobilidade que pode ser usado no exterior, alcança velocidades de corrida e ajudam a manter uma posição vertical, diminuindo os riscos de desenvolver problemas de saúde desencadeados por períodos prolongados na posição sentada.
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Sousa, Gracinda da Cruz Machado de. "O aluno com deficiência motora e a acessibilidade arquitectónica no Ensino Básico : um estudo de caso : o concelho de Guimarães." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/1167.
Full textAbstract:
Orientação: Margarida Alice Ferreira Pinto Santos CarvalhoPara que o sucesso educativo se verifique, a escola tem de ajustar a sua prática educativa a todos os alunos, incluindo os que apresentam necessidades educativas especiais (NEE). Portugal dispõe de legislação que assegura o direito à educação e à igualdade de oportunidades, consignados na Constituição da República Portuguesa (artigos 71º, 73º e 74º), em consonância com a Declaração Universal dos Direitos do Homem e na Lei de Bases do Sistema Educativo (artigos 2º, 7º, 17º e 18º). O nosso país subscreveu também a Declaração de Salamanca, a qual reuniu, em 1994, o consenso de noventa e dois governos e de vinte e cinco organizações internacionais, reafirmando o direito à educação para todos. A construção da escola inclusiva passa pela responsabilização da escola por todos os alunos, na perspectiva de educação para todos, exigindo a sua concretização novas estratégias e resposta a novos desafios. Há que alterar práticas para atender à diversidade. Assim, as escolas precisam de estar arquitectonicamente adaptadas às necessidades dos alunos que utilizam a cadeira de rodas como forma de mobilidade, respeitando o direito à diferença e possibilitando, em igualdade de oportunidades, o sucesso escolar e educativo. Levar à prática as medidas previstas na lei portuguesa e implementar, em cada escola, a inclusão do aluno com mobilidade condicionada, implica equipar as escolas com adaptações, meios e recursos educativos facilitadores do seu processo ensino/aprendizagem. A constatação do que efectivamente acontece no terreno educativo no que concerne aos alunos com deficiência motora que usam a cadeira de rodas para se movimentarem assume toda a centralidade da nossa investigação, que tem o cariz de um estudo de caso. Incide sobre a compreensão mais aprofundada de como se processa o acesso arquitectónico nas escolas do Ensino Básico da Zona Norte e mais concretamente do Concelho de Guimarães. Recolhemos dados através de questionários dirigidos aos professores de apoio educativo e coordenadores de escola; ouvimos os alunos com deficiência motora pronunciar-se sobre as dificuldades que sentiam; observámos o seu quotidiano escolar e, finalmente, escutámos as entidades locais, através de uma entrevista realizada à Vereadora da Cultura do Concelho de Guimarães. Os resultados obtidos serão, como foi acordado, divulgados aos intervenientes com responsabilidades directas no campo da educação que se prontificaram a partilhar connosco a sua informação e saber, no sentido de os sensibilizar para a necessidade de rever o aspecto das acessibilidades arquitectónicas nas instituições educativas que servem o seu concelho, pois, como verificámos, muito há ainda a fazer para que o Ensino Básico, universal e obrigatório, se traduza numa igualdade de oportunidades de acesso e sucesso educativo para os alunos que utilizam a cadeira de rodas para se movimentarem no espaço escolar.
For the educational success of a school it has to adjust its educational practice so that it includes those with special needs. According to the Portuguese law, disabled people have the right to education and equal opportunities, well expressed in the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic (articles 71st, 73rd, and 74th), in consonance with the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and in the main law the educational system (articles 2nd, 7th, 17th and 18th). Our country has also subscribed the Declaration of Salamanca, which was written in 1994 with the agreement of Representatives from ninety-two governments and twenty-five International Organizations, where was reaffirmed the right of education for all. It is necessary that school increases its responsibility in what concerns the education of all its students. Educating all and every student demands new strategies to face new challenges and so some practices have to be changed to respond to diversity. Schools must be architecturally adapted to give the disabled students, who use a wheel chair, equal opportunities to achieve educational success. Taking the measures foreseen in Portuguese law into practice, and implementing in each school the inclusion of students with conditioned mobility, involves equipping schools with adaptations, equipment and educational resources that facilitate the teaching / learning process. The observation of what actually happens on educative ground, regarding to pupils with motor disabilities who use a wheelchair to move, assumes the centrality of our research, which is a case study. It focuses on the deeper understanding of the way the architectonic access in primary schools of the North, and more specifically the Municipality of Guimarães, is processed. We collected data through questionnaires addressed to educational support teachers and school coordinators; heard students with motor disabilities to comment on the difficulties they felt; observed their daily school life, and finally heard the local authorities, through an interview the Councillor of Culture of the Municipality of Guimarães. As agreed, the results will be communicated to intervenients with direct responsibilities in the field of education who were willing to share with us their information and knowledge in order to raise awareness of the need of looking over the aspect of architectural accessibility in educational institutions that serve their county, because, as noted, much remains to be done so that the basic education, universal and compulsory, will result in equality of educational opportunities in access and success for students who use a wheelchair to move in school space.