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Morales, Gamarra Ricardo. "Técnica mural Moche." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122363.
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Barber, Iturri Aileen. "Hotel etnoturístico en el Valle de Moche." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/607392.
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El Proyecto de Hotel Etnoturístico, ubicado frente a las Huacas de Moche, se emplaza en un paisaje cultural con alto potencial turístico, pero con escaza infraestructura para recibirlo. Ubicado en un Trujillo en crecimiento y siendo el punto de partida de la “Ruta Moche”, el Hotel cuenta con todas las comodidades para albergar turismo de lujo y a la vez, actividades complementarias que lo hacen sostenible, propiciando el desarrollo económico de la población local y contribuyendo a la conservación del Patrimonio.
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Hubert, Erell. "Moche colonial identity in the Santa Valley, Peru." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708919.
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Pineda, Quevedo José. "L'aménagement du territoire dans la Vallée du Moche au Pérou de la sédentarisation au XVIème siècle : les enseignements d'une lecture spatiale sur la vie des sociétés préhispaniques." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030080.
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L'ouvrage explore le lien entre l'espace naturel et l'espace conçu dans une vallée côtière du désert septentrional du Pérou, au cours de l'évolution de l'aménagement du territoire pendant les périodes précolombiennes. Il analyse, l'oasis, le processus de sédentarisation des premiers habitants et décode le répertoire de formes de l'architecture monumentale ainsi que les typologies urbaines. Ensuite, l'auteur propose de décrypter les principes qui ont régi l'organisation de l'espace. Les éléments permanents et les dynamiques à l'œuvre. L'analyse spatiale démontre : l'intégration d'une nature sacralisée, le paradoxe d'un système ouvert organisant un contrôle des réseaux et une ségrégation de l'espace et enfin l'inexistence d'interventions exogènes avant celle des EspagnolsThis work investigates the link between natural space and space rceived by man. It focuse on a coastal valley of the North desert of Peru, during the pre-Colombian period of the town and country planning. It analyses separately the qualities of the oasis, the settling process of the first inhabitants and it deciphers the forms of the monumental architecture as well as the urban typologies. The author studies the principles which have governed space organisation, the everstanding elements and the dynamics in action. Spatial analyse proves the integration of a nature regarded as sacred and how no external intervention occurred before the Spaniards came
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Millaire, Jean-Francois. "Moche burial patterns : an investigation into prehispanic social structure." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368168.
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Asmat, Uceda Denisse, Yong Jessica Vargas, Mendoza Rafael Román Cortina, Romero Fiorella Pinillos, and Mendoza Ana Vallejos. "Plan estratégico de marketing de turismo cultural arqueológico Ruta Moche." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/7988.
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xvi, 166 h. : il. ; 30 cm.Actualmente, el Perú recibe el doble de turistas extranjeros y genera cuatro veces más divisas que hace diez años. Al respecto, gran parte de estos turistas realizan un turismo del tipo cultural arqueológico, dado su interés en conocer cómo vivían las personas en otros periodos de tiempo. Uno de los destinos arqueológicos visitados por los turistas es la Ruta Moche, la cual posee un gran valor cultural debido a la cantidad de atractivos ubicados dentro de las regiones de La Libertad y Lambayeque. En la actualidad, la Ruta Moche tan solo recibe alrededor de 60 mil vacacionistas al año mientras que, por ejemplo, Machu Picchu, recibe 1.3 millones aproximadamente. Por lo tanto, se ha realizado una investigación y se ha podido identificar tres principales causas del escaso flujo de turistas a la Ruta Moche: (a) las barreras de integración política y económica existentes entre las regiones de La Libertad y Lambayeque, (b) el poco conocimiento de este destino turístico debido a que los operadores no lo ofrecen como un circuito, y (c) la escasa promoción en el extranjero. Por este motivo, se propone un plan de marketing dirigido al vacacionista extranjero, con una inversión de USD$2’341,350 y cuya propuesta de valor se centrará en tres ejes: experiencia, tecnología e integración histórica. La implementación del plan generará un beneficio social de empleabilidad y mejora en la calidad de vida de las regiones porque duplicará el flujo de turistas al 2021 y, de esta manera, se logrará posicionar a la Ruta Moche como el segundo destino arqueológico del Perú
Currently, Peru receives twice the number of foreign tourists and generates four times more currency than ten years ago. In this regard, much of these tourists made archaeological cultural tourism, given their interest in knowing how people lived in other periods of time. One of the archaeological destinations visited by tourists is the Moche Route (Ruta Moche), which has a great cultural value due to the amount of attractions located in the regions of both La Libertad and Lambayeque. Currently, the Moche Route receives about 100,000 foreign tourists annually of which 60,000 conducting archaeological activities, while, for example, Machu Picchu receives about 1.3 million foreign vacationers. Therefore, an investigation was conducted and three main causes of this little flow of tourists to the Moche Route have been identified: a) the barriers of political and economic integration between the regions of La Libertad and Lambayeque, b) the lack of knowledge of this tourist destination since operators do not offer it as a circuit, and c) the insufficient promotion of this destination abroad. Thus, it has been proposed a marketing plan aimed at foreign vacationers, with an investment of USD$ $2’341,350 and whose value proposition will focus on three areas: experience, technology, and historical integration. The implementation of this plan will generate a social benefit of employability and the improvement in the quality of life in the regions aforementioned, because, it will double the flow of tourists up to 2021 and, thus, will accomplish to position the Moche Route as the second archaeological destination in Peru
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Castillo, Luis Jaime, B. Francesca Fernandini, and Y. Luis Muro. "The multidimensional relations between the Wari and the Moche states of Northern Peru." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113342.
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This paper explores how archaeology can study the relationships between complex multidimensional societies in critical periods of their development through an analysis of the multiple variables, circumstances and contingencies that define social interactions. By focusing on the archaeological record of San José de Moro, an important funerary and ceremonial center in the Jequetepeque valley, the authors approach the multifaceted natures and purposes behind the relationships between the Moche States of northern coastal Peru and the southern Andean Wari during the end of the Early Intermediate Period and the Middle Horizon.El presente artículo explora cómo la arqueología puede estudiar las relaciones entre sociedades complejas durante periodos críticos de su desarrollo, a través del análisis de las múltiples variables, circunstancias y contingencias que definen las interacciones sociales. Mediante el estudio de los contextos y objetos provenientes de San José de Moro, un importante centro funerario y ceremonial en el valle del Jequetepeque, los autores abordan las naturalezas y propósitos que se traslapan detrás de las relaciones entre los Estados mochica del norte del Perú y la sociedad wari de la sierra sur, durante el Periodo Intermedio Temprano y el Horizonte Medio.
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Tigre, Laís Alcântara. "Manufatura de tapeçarias andinas: culturas pré-colombianas - Mochicas e Chimús." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100133/tde-26112018-112605/.
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A tapeçaria é uma das formas mais antigas de tecelagem. Esse tipo de tecido possibilita a criação de imagens complexas e suas técnicas e origem são um grande mistério na história geral. A produção têxtil no Peru vem de por volta de 8000 anos a. C. e ao longo da história da região, diferentes culturas desenvolveram a tecnologia têxtil até a chegar à tecnologia manual que temos hoje. As culturas Moche e Chimú viveram na costa norte peruana e desenvolveram técnicas de tecelagem, dentre elas a tapeçaria, que são realizadas até hoje no país, com desenhos antigos e desenhos novos. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: investigar a manufatura de tapeçarias dos séculos XIII à XVI no Peru, distinguindo entre as culturas Mochica e Chimú; demonstrar como a tecnologia manual da produção têxtil, foi empregada nas artes têxteis de Elena Izcue e nas tapeçarias de Maximo Laura, mostrando uma continuidade do povo peruano em usar a mesma temática de seus ancestrais e demonstrar como as técnicas ancestrais são usadas hoje para manter comunidades que permanecem utilizando elementos culturais tradicionais e como eles utilizam a manufatura para permanecer com uma identidade cultural e agregar valor aos têxteis produzidos no Peru. Foi realizada uma pesquisa documental e visitas de campo nos sítios arqueológicos e eventos utilizados para manter as técnicas ancestrais ativas. A revisão bibliográfica gerou uma discussão que possibilitou a comparação entre as duas culturas, que apesar de semelhantes em seus desenhos tinham diferenças nas técnicas para produção têxtil, a comparação de Elena Izcue e Maximo Laura no uso dos motivos pré-colombianos em suas obras e a demonstração, através de teóricos clássicos dos estudos culturais, de que as técnicas tradicionais de manufatura têxtil são uma forma de identidade cultural. Foi possível concluir que as atividades tradicionais são uma forma de manter o modo de vida dos povos que vivem em comunidades interioranas e que ainda hoje preservam os rituais e tradições de seus antepassados; que a identidade cultura peruana está atrelada a atividade de produção têxtil manualTapestry is one of the oldest forms of weaving. This type of fabric enables the creation of complex images. Their techniques, and origin, are a great mystery in general history. The textile production in Peru comes from around 8000 years a. C. and throughout the history of the region, different cultures have developed the textile technology until the manual technology that we have today. The Moche and Chimú cultures lived on the northern Peruvian coast and developed weaving techniques, among them tapestry, which are held until today in the country, with old designs and new designs. The objectives of this study were: to investigate the manufacture of tapestries from the 13th to 16th centuries in Peru, distinguishing between the Mochica and Chimú culture; demonstrate how the manual technology of textile production was used in the textile arts of Elena Izcue and in the tapestries of Maximo Laura, showing a continuity of the Peruvian people in using the same theme of their ancestors and demonstrating how the ancestral techniques are used today to maintain communities who remain using traditional cultural elements and how they use manufacturing to remain with a cultural identity and add value to the textiles produced in Peru. Documentary research and field visits were carried out at the archaeological sites and events used to keep the ancestral techniques active. The literature review generated a discussion that allowed the comparison between the two cultures, which although similar in their drawings had differences in techniques for textile production, the comparison of Elena Izcue and Maximo Laura in the use of pre-Columbian motifs in their works and the demonstration, through classical cultural studies theorists, that traditional textile manufacturing techniques are a form of cultural identity. It was possible to conclude that traditional activities are a way of maintaining the way of life of the peoples who live in interior communities and who still today preserve the rituals and traditions of their ancestors; that the Peruvian identity is linked to the activity of manual textile production
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Nesbitt, Jason, Belkys Gutiérrez, and Segundo Vásquez. "Excavations at Huaca Cortada, Caballo Muerto Complex, Moche Valley: A Preliminary Report." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113529.
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In this article, we present the preliminary results of the first season of excavations at Huaca Cortada, Caballo Muerto Complex, lower Moche Valley. While Huaca Cortada is one of the largest mounds at Caballo Muerto, there is little known about its occupation. Our research focused on various aspects of the site’s occupation including a more detailed understanding of its construction and chronology. We have determined that Huaca Cortada was first constructed around 1500 cal BC. However, the presence of pottery associated with later architectural phases indicates a longer and more complex occupational history. Furthermore, the excavations showed that Huaca Cortada was built in multiple construction phases to increase its size through time. This fact challenges previous conclusions that Huaca Cortada was built in a single construction episode, which was directed by a centralized political authority. Interestingly, several of the building phases of the mound have sedimentary deposits formed by strong rains associated with the El Niño phenomenon.En este artículo se presentan los resultados preliminares de la primera temporada de excavaciones en Huaca Cortada, complejo de Caballo Muerto, valle bajo de Moche. A pesar de que es uno de los edificios más grandes de dicho conjunto, hay poca información sobre su ocupación. El actual estudio, enfocado en varios aspectos de este tema, ofrece una comprensión más detallada de las fases de construcción y de su cronología. Se determinó que Huaca Cortada fue erigida alrededor de 1500 a.C. (calib.); sin embargo, la presencia de cerámica asociada a fases de una ocupación más tardía sugiere una historia más larga y compleja. Además, las excavaciones demuestran que el montículo fue construido en múltiples fases y con el objeto de aumentar sus dimensiones. Más aún, algunas fases tienen depósitos con sedimentos producidos por las fuertes lluvias asociadas al fenómeno de El Niño. Estas conclusiones desafían las afirmaciones previas, que indicaban que Huaca Cortada había sido levantada en una sola fase y bajo la dirección de una autoridad centralizada.
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Vilca, Vera Carlos Francisco. "Centro Cultural y Museo de las culturas Moche y Chimú en Trujillo." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657365.
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El proyecto se enfoca en analizar los aspectos culturales y sociológicos de la ciudad de Trujillo, y fusionarlos con la arquitectura de Centro Cultural y Museo para elaborar un proyecto arquitectónico que respete las características principales del contexto y se relacione entre ellas.
En la investigación, se encontraron tradiciones culturales de la época incaica en Trujillo que aún siguen practicándose. Sin embargo, la práctica de estas va quedando en el olvido o reducido al punto de solo practicarlo en especificas familias que conservan estas tradiciones. Por lo que realizar un proyecto que albergue, difunda estos aspectos culturales de Trujillo, que armonice con su contexto natural y su cultural, fue el principal objetivo de este trabajo.
Es por ello que, en fusión con el regionalismo crítico, a modo de énfasis, se pudo generar una sinergia entre la arquitectura y cada una de las características propias del lugar. Ya sea por su ubicación, emplazamiento, colores, materiales y técnicas constructivas.
Permitiendo que el proyecto funcione como un foco cultural que alberga las principales actividades culturales de Trujillo, así como promover la difusión de las culturas Moche y Chimú, y principalmente armonizando con su contexto inmediato.
Mediante la exhibición de piezas arqueológicas de ambas culturas, la promoción y difusión de las actividades culturales de la zona se logra con éxito el propósito del proyecto. El cual tiene como finalidad mantener viva las principales culturas de Trujillo, Cultura Moche y Chimú, y que su legado se mantenga vigente con el transcurrir del tiempo.The project focuses on analyzing the cultural and sociological aspects of the city of Trujillo, and merging them with the architecture of the Cultural Center and Museum to develop an architectural project that respects the main characteristics of the context and is related to each other. In the investigation, cultural traditions from the Inca period were found in Trujillo that are still being practiced. However, the practice of these is being forgotten or reduced to the point of only practicing it in specific families that preserve these traditions. Therefore, carrying out a project that shelters, disseminates these cultural aspects of Trujillo, that harmonizes with its natural and cultural context, was the main objective of this work. That is why, in fusion with critical regionalism, by way of emphasis, a synergy could be generated between the architecture and each of the characteristics of the place. Either because of its location, location, colors, materials and construction techniques. Allowing the project to function as a cultural focus that houses the main cultural activities of Trujillo, as well as promoting the diffusion of the Moche and Chimú cultures, and mainly harmonizing with its immediate context. Through the exhibition of archaeological pieces from both cultures, the promotion and dissemination of the cultural activities of the area, the purpose of the project is successfully achieved. The purpose of which is to keep alive the main cultures of Trujillo, the Moche and Chimú culture, and that their legacy remains in force over time.
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Koons, Michele Lorraine. "Moche Geopolitical Networks and the Dynamic Role of Licapa II, Chicama Valley, Peru." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10539.
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This dissertation examines Moche (A.D. 300-900) sociopolitical organization in northern Peru at the previously unexplored site of Licapa II, a mid-sized ceremonial center in the Chicama Valley. Moche’s distinct archaeological signatures, chiefly, ceramics and architecture, have long been seen as emblematic of an ethnic and political reality and defined as evidence for the first South American state although recent scholarship has begun to view Moche as a more complex mosaic of interacting settlements across a landscape. My research at Licapa II is the first study of a site of its size and kind, thus constituting a novel contribution to the paradigm shift in Moche research. My excavations, surface collections, and geophysical surveys contributed to understanding the nature of the site and the activities performed there. Licapa II consists of two pyramids (huacas), a canal, and other buildings. I show that the two major structures, Huaca A and Huaca B, are characterized by different material culture, are different in form, and date to different time periods. Huaca A has local ceramics and was mainly used before A.D. 600. Huaca B has Moche IV and V style ceramics and was in use after A.D. 600. Based on my evaluation of radiocarbon dates, the changes in buildings and ceramics seen at Licapa II around A.D. 600 also occurred throughout the Moche world and included the adoption of Moche IV ceramics and soon after, in some places, Moche V. I also show that the Moche V style likely originated in the northern Chicama Valley and spread from there circa A.D. 650. I also argue that political organization in Moche times may have been similar to colonial era organization, based on nested moieties organized around the irrigation system. Overall, in this dissertation I demonstrate that Licapa II was an independent center intimately connected to a dynamic landscape of interconnected nodes in an ever- changing and complex network of sites. Simplistic models based on the concept of large Moche states thus should be discarded.Anthropology
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Lieske, Bärbel. "Mythische Bilderzählungen in den Gefäßmalereien der altperuanischen Moche-Kultur : Versuch einer ikonographischen Rekonstruktion /." Bonn : Holos, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371830199.
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Swenson, Edward. "Cosmologic principles of Moche-highland interactions during the Middle Horizon period in Jequetepeque." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113568.
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In this chapter, I argue that developments characterizing the Late Moche Period in the Jequetepeque Valley, including both the adoption of highland artistic styles at San José de Moro and Huaca Colorada, as well as the proliferation of Moche religious architecture throughout the hinterland, were significantly influenced by interactions with highland societies, including Wari and Cajamarca. I support this thesis by examining the reconfiguration of the chicha-based political economy and the intensification of competitive feasting in the region that accompanied the ascendancy of the priestess cult in Jequetepeque. I also contend that a specific cosmological framework of coastal-highland opposition and gendered complementarity, evident at the time of the conquest, appears to have taken root in the Middle Horizon. In other words, culturally constructed and religiously mediated notions of geography, alterity, and interdependence can partly explain the tenor of Moche-highland relations and the subtle transformations of Moche ritual practices and political relations. The data suggests that the priestess cult may have been patronized by sierra polities, even if indirectly, for it conformed to emerging geo-cosmological and gendered understandings of coastal-highland dependencies.En este capítulo, argumento que los desarrollos que caracterizan el Periodo Moche Tardío en el valle de Jequetepeque, incluyendo tanto la adopción de estilos artísticos serranos en San José de Moro, así como la proliferación de arquitectura religiosa moche a través del territorio, estuvieron significativamente influenciados por las interacciones con las sociedades serranas, incluyendo Wari y Cajamarca. Sostengo esta tesis examinado la reconfiguración de la economía política basada en la chicha y la intensificación de los festines competitivos en la región que acompañaron la ascensión del culto de la Sacerdotisa en Jequetepeque. También sostengo que un marco cosmológico específico, de oposición costa-sierra, basado en la complementariedad de los sexos masculino y femenino, evidente al momento de la conquista, aparenta haberse enraizado durante el Horizonte Medio. En otras palabras, nociones culturalmente construidas y mediadas de geografía, alteridad, e interdependencia, pueden explicar parcialmente el tenor de las relaciones moche-sierra y las sutiles transformaciones de las prácticas rituales y relaciones políticas moche. Los datos sugieren que el culto de la Sacerdotisa puede haber estado promovido por las organizaciones políticas de la sierra, incluso indirectamente, porque se conformaba a comprensiones geocosmológicas emergentes de las dependencias costa-sierra.
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Johnson, Ilana. "Households and social organization at the Late Moche period site of Pampa Grande, Peru." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1998392101&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Briceño, Jesús. "Recent Discoveries of the Paijanense in The Upper Chicama, Moche and Virú Valleys, Northern Perú: New Perspectives on the First Hunter-Gatherers in the Andes of South America." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113514.
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We present newly-registered Paiján sites in the interior and upper parts of the Chicama, Moche and Virú valleys, with strong tiesto the highland region. The research indicates that Paiján hunter-gatherers were not only a coastal group whose subsistence was basedon marine resources. They also occupied diverse ecological environments preferring springs with high mobility across the Andes and exploiting diverse resources, such as white-tail deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and raw materials for producing lithic tools.En este artículo se presenta el registro de nuevos sitios paijanenses al interior y parte alta de los valles de Chicama, Moche y Virú, más vinculados con la región de la sierra, lo que evidencia, de manera consistente, que estos grupos de cazadores-recolectores no se establecieron solo en la costa y basaron su subsistencia en los recursos marinos, sino que ocuparon diversos ambientes ecológicos siempre relacionados con fuentes de agua y tuvieron un amplio grado de movilidad de manera longitudinal y transversal a lo largo de los cursos de ríos y quebradas, con lo que pudieron aprovechar una mayor diversidad de recursos, entre ellos el venado gris de cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus) y materias primas para la elaboración de herramientas líticas.
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Trever, Lisa Senchyshyn. "Moche Mural Painting at Pañamarca: A Study of Image Making and Experience in Ancient Peru." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11013.
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This dissertation is a study of the late Moche murals found within the adobe temples of Pañamarca, Peru (ca. 600-850 CE). This project was designed to redress the problem of iconographic decontextualization of the Pañamarca paintings that, through limited documentation and repetitive scholarly publication, had become effectively untethered from their material moorings and spatial settings. New fieldwork succeeded in contextualizing and conserving remains of all known mural paintings. This field research also resulted in the discovery of a new corpus of paintings at the site. Together these paintings form a case study on image making and visual experience in a Pre-Columbian era without contemporaneous writing. This art historical study of archaeological monuments makes several contextual moves. Most concretely it mounts evidence for the situated experiences of images by ancient beholders. This includes analysis of spatial patterns that governed both visual and kinaesthetic approaches to images, as well as forensic indices of human-image engagement and response through time. The approach is not, however, exhausted by the nested contexts of architecture, archaeology, and geography. Meaning is further established through the discernment of philosophical propositions set forth in the broader corpus of ancient Moche art, material culture, and ritual practice. This work proposes to yield emic perspectives on mimesis, corporeality, and spatiality. An embodied approach to image and space is not merely imported from theory developed elsewhere, but is grounded in the Andean cultural setting at hand. The orthodox Moche imagery of the Pañamarca murals was arrayed in specific, strategic ways in both plazas and private spaces. In some areas life-size paintings may have modeled mimetic performance that perpetually enlivened ritual architecture. Elsewhere densely composed imagery would have enveloped the bodies of ritual practitioners and devotees, as they were absorbed into a private architectural repository of specialized knowledge. This is unusual in the Moche world where the innermost spaces of lavishly decorated temple complexes are themselves usually devoid of painted images. The paintings of Pañamarca are interpreted as efficacious in the articulation, embodiment, and recollection of late Moche ideology and identity as it crystallized on the southern periphery in the Nepeña Valley.History of Art and Architecture
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Maradiegue, Montaño Walther Augusto. "Construcción de la tradición en el norte del Perú: “Lo Moche” como performance y gobermentalidad." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9551.
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La presente tesis explora cómo desde finales de la década de 1980 se vinieron
produciendo en la Región Lambayeque procesos culturales y económicos con directo
impacto en el sistema de diferencias racial, étnico y regional que operaba hasta ese momento. Estos procesos estan íntimamente ligados al así llamado ‘boom arqueológico’ y a la modernización de la industria turística regida con principios neoliberales. Para explorar estos procesos, este trabajo examina etnográficamente tres espacios ideológicos: la ruta turística, el museo, y la performance escénica. Las conclusiones proponen nuevas formas de entender nociones clásicas de las ciencias sociales como la invención de la tradición y la organización de grupos étnicos, bajo un nuevo régimen económico y cultural como el Neoliberalismo.This thesis explores how since the late 1980s cultural and economic processes took place at the Lambayeque Region, with direct impact on the racial, ethnic and regional system of differences operating so far. These processes are closely linked to the so-called ‘archaeological boom’ and to the modernization of the tourism industry under neoliberal principles. To exploring these processes, this work ethnographically examines three ideological spaces: the touristic route, the museum, and the scenic performance. The conclusions suggest new ways to understanding classic notions of social sciences such as the invention of tradition and the organization of ethnic groups, under such a new economic and cultural regime as the Neoliberalism.
Tesis
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Prümers, Heiko. "El Castillo de Huarmey: una plataforma funeraria del Horizonte Medio." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113364.
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"El Castillo" de Huarmey: A Middle Horizon Burial PlatformDue to excellent conditions of preservation excavations at the Middle Horizon site "El Castillo" de Huarmey have yielded many textiles. It is now clear that the majority of the textiles known as "Moche-Huari" come from this site. In this paper architectural remains at the site and other surface findings are described and discussed. These new data shed interesting light on cultural dynamics in this region during the Middle Horizon.Gracias a unas excelentes condiciones de conservación, se ha podido recuperar un gran número de tejidos del "Castillo" de Huarmey, complejo correspondiente al Horizonte Medio. La mayoría de los tejidos "moche-huari" que se conocen actualmente provienen de este sitio. En este trabajo se discuten tambien los restos arquitectónicos conservados, así como hallazgos de superficie de otros tipos de materiales. Los datos obtenidos revelan aspectos interesantes acerca de la dinámica cultural en esta región durante el Horizonte Medio.
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Rengifo, Carlos. "Moche social boundaries and settlement dynamics at Cerro Castillo (c. AD 600-1000), Nepeña Valley, Peru." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2014. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/48700/.
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This dissertation explores the pre-Columbian occupation at Cerro Castillo, a coastal settlement in the Nepeña Valley, Peru. The study examines the site’s internal organisation as well as its relationship with regional cultural phenomena during its most important period of occupation (circa AD 600-1000). Characterising the Moche presence at the site is one of the main subjects of this investigation. Moche was one of the grandest civilisations that developed in the pre-Columbian Andes, dating from circa AD 100 to 850. Its high levels of complexity are materially expressed in the archaeological remains of urban centres, monumental temples, irrigation systems, funerary practices and fi nely made artefacts. This work builds on decades of previous research to assess the nature of Moche at Cerro Castillo questioning uni-directional approaches to cultural interaction, social complexity and the secondary role attributed to small to mid-scale communities in their own development and in the regional affairs. This investigation relies on an archaeological approach and methodology on analysis of contextual data obtained from excavations at Cerro Castillo. This information is examined within a theoretical framework that integrates and evaluates perspectives of boundaries, cultural identity and social practice. By articulating material evidence with different lines of interpretative models, this thesis demonstrates that settlements such as Cerro Castillo were not passive recipients of the agency of a stronger political entity. Alternatively, it postulates that Cerro Castillo was a competing community that experienced its most signifi cant period of development in times of profound regional transformations. Rather than a political or military imposition, Moche is seen as a belief system that dovetailed with Cerro Castillo’s growing power and economy as its inhabitants embraced the lifestyle of a worldview that brought prestige and innovative cultural features.
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Pleasants, John Gerald Steponaitis Vincas P. "Huaca de los Chinos the archaeology of a formative period ceremonial mound in the Moche Valley, Peru /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2578.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 5, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Anthropology." Discipline: Anthropology; Department/School: Anthropology.
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Sharp, Kayeleigh. "Iconography for the living or the dead? : new perspectives on Moche IV-V ceramic iconography, north coast Peru /." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1863890151&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Sharp, Kayeleigh. "ICONOGRAPHY FOR THE LIVING OR THE DEAD?: NEW PERSPECTIVES ON MOCHE IV-V CERAMIC ICONOGRAPHY, NORTH COAST PERU." OpenSIUC, 2008. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/415.
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Mochica cultural reconstructions have been based largely on the analysis of funerary ceramics that contain fineline thematic iconography but context has for the most part been ignored. Previous "ethnographic readings" of Moche fineline themes have not examined the content of non-funerary iconography in specific archaeological contexts, or the relationship between living and funerary iconography based on the contextual data. This investigation addresses these problematic issues by analyzing the artistic content found upon living-context ceramics from the sites of Pampa Grande, and the Huacas de Moche. The content is then examined in relation to funerary iconography, and the living contexts from which it was derived, testing the fundamental premises underlying reconstructions of the ancient Mochica culture.
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Soares, Debora Leonel. "Xamanismo e cosmovisão andina: um estudo sobre práticas de curanderismo Mochica expressas na cerâmica ritual." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-12082015-164534/.
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Este trabalho propôs analisar a cerâmica ritual produzida pelos Mochica, sociedade que ocupou a costa norte peruana entre os séculos I e VIII d.C., com base em três eixos principais: o papel mediador de personagens geralmente entendidos como xamãs, ou sacerdotes; os rituais de sacrifício humano e os processos de verticalização do poder político; e as dinâmicas de transformação e suas implicações nas relações entre entes humanos e não humanos. Estes temas, observados na iconografia e morfologia dos artefatos estudados, orientaram o processo de identificação dos conjuntos cerâmicos selecionados para esta pesquisa. A análise pautou-se na identificação de atributos de personagens classificados como xamãs, curandeiros e sacerdotes, com o objetivo de problematizar a utilização de tais categorias no estudo da cultura material relacionada às práticas rituais Mochica. O debate sobre xamanismo foi inspirado pela teoria antropológica contemporânea que discute o \"multinaturalismo ameríndio\". A reflexão centrou-se nos conceitos de transição, movimento e transformação, temas estruturantes das práticas xamânicas e organização sociocosmológica andina.This dissertation proposes the analysis of ritual ceramic produced by the Mochica, society that occupied the Peruvian north coast between I and VIII centuries, based in three main axis: the mediator role of characters commonly interpreted as shamans or priests; the human sacrifices rituals and the increase of political power processes; and the transformation dynamics and their implications in the relations between humans and non-humans. This themes, observed in the iconography e morphology of the artifacts served as guide for the identification process of the selected ceramic conjuncts which were used in this study. The analysis was guided in the identification of characters classified as shamans, healers and priests, with the objective of problematize such categories in the studies of material culture related to Mochica mortuary practices. The debate about shamanism was inspired by contemporary anthropological theory that concerns to \"multinaturalismo amerindio\". Transitions concepts, movement and transformation, shamanic practices and cosmological of Andean organization are the topic of thoughts in the research.
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Villalva, Daniela La Chioma Silvestre. "Emissários do vento: um estudo dos tocadores de antaras representados na cerâmica ritual de Mochica e Nasca." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-17072012-182838/.
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Este trabalho buscou sistematizar e analisar artefatos da cerâmica ritual Mochica e Nasca, pertencentes a coleções de diversos museus, cuja morfologia ou iconografia pode ser atribuída às representações de personagens portando ou tocando flautas de pã. Partimos da premissa de que estas representações aparecem em um conjunto de artefatos cerâmicos produzidos de acordo com uma normatização rígida, controlada por elites de poder político-religioso de uma sociedade hierarquicamente estruturada. Assim, a forma como os músicos estão representados na cerâmica pode revelar muito sobre seu papel social, sua relação com as estruturas de poder locais, bem como sobre a simbologia desse instrumento sonoro nas cosmovisões Mochica e Nasca, nos Andes Pré- Colombianos.This paper aims to systematize and analyse the artifacts pertaining to a variety of museum\'s collections, which iconography or morphology can be ascribed to depictions of characters holding or playing panpipes on Moche and Nasca ritual pottery. We start from the premise that these representations appear in a set of ceramic artifacts produced according to a rigid standardization, controlled by elites holding the political and religious power. Thus, the way these musicians are displayed on pottery can reveal much about their social role, the imaginary place they hold in the minds of the Moche and Nasca peoples, their relation to the worldview and with their local power structures, as well as the symbolism of this instrument to these societies in the Pre-Columbian Andes.
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Gagnon, Celeste Marie Billman Brian R. Larsen Clark Spencer. "Daily life and the development of the state in the Moche Valley of north coastal Perú a bioarchaeological analysis /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,623.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy of in the Department of Anthropology." Discipline: Anthropology; Department/School: Anthropology.
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Cappiello, Rosaria Marta. "Proposta di traduzione del racconto “Histoire de Moche et des sept petites filles” della raccolta Le Grain Magique (1966) di Taos Amrouche." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/16434/.
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Proposta di traduzione dal francese in italiano del racconto "Histoire de Moche et des sept petites filles", seguita da commento e preceduta da un'introduzione e da una parte dedicata all'autrice e all'opera da cui è tratto il racconto.
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Castillo, Luis Jaime. "La presencia de Wari en San José de Moro." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113475.
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Wari Presence in the San José de Moro SiteSan José de Moro has been recognized as one of the most important Late Moche sites in the Jequetepeque Valley. Throughout 10 years of continuous excavations a detailed ocupational history has been obtained, and the site has been interpreted as a regional ceremonial center and an elite cemetery. High status burials, such as the Priestess of Moro, have been excavated, and it is from this site that most of the Late Moche Fine Line Ceramics comes. In this context, finding large quantities of Wari, Wari-derived, and Polychrome Moche ceramics is puzzling. It is during late Moche, and apparently at the same time as Fine Line decoration was being incorporated, that the first evidence of Wari show up at Moro. Wari influence at the site seems to have two phases, the first one associated with Late Moche, and related to the Middle Horizon 1, and the second associated with the Transitional Period, and represented by the presence of Middle Horizon 2 ceramics. In this article I advance an explanation of the conditions under which the Wari influence was accepted, and the consecuences of its presence in the ultimate colapse of Moche society.San José de Moro ha sido reconocido como uno de los sitios Mochica Tardíos más importantes en el valle de Jequetepeque. A lo largo de 10 años de excavaciones, se ha obtenido una historia ocupacional detallada y se ha interpretado el sitio como un centro ceremonial regional y cementerio de elite. Se han excavado entierros de alto status, como el de la Sacerdotisa de Moro, y es de este sitio que proviene la mayoría de la cerámica de línea fina Mochica Tardío. En este contexto, sorprende encontrar grandes cantidades de cerámica wari, wari derivado o mochica polícromo. Es durante el periodo Mochica Tardio -y, al parecer, a la vez que se incorporaba la decoración de línea fina- que las primeras evidencias de Wari aparecen en San José de Moro. La influencia wari en el sitio parece tener dos fases: la primera asociada con el periodo Mochica Tardío, relacionada con el Horizonte Medio 1, y la segunda con el Periodo Transicional, representada por la presencia de la cerámica del Horizonte Medio 2. En este artículo se adelanta una explicación de las condiciones bajo las cuales fue aceptada la influencia wari y las consecuencias de su presencia en el colapso definitivo de la sociedad moche.
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Moche, Martin [Verfasser]. "Optimization and application of the biotinylation approach for extraction and mass-spectrometric analysis of cell-surface associated proteins from Gram-positive bacteria / Martin Moche." Greifswald : Universitätsbibliothek Greifswald, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1105570231/34.
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Villalva, Daniela La Chioma Silvestre. "O músico na iconografia da cerâmica ritual Mochica: um estudo da correlação entre as representações de instrumentos sonoros e os atributos das elites de poder." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/71/71131/tde-27092016-141105/.
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Esta pesquisa pretende realizar um mapeamento e análise de artefatos cerâmicos da cultura Mochica que contenham personagens que tocam instrumentos sonoros (aerofones, membranofones e idiofones1) com vistas a encontrar nesses \"músicos\" atributos e características que os identificam como figuras que concentram poder político-religioso. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é compreender se haveria um espaço de atuação específico para os músicos nas estruturas de poder mochicas, bem como a relação dos mesmos com as elites durante o período Moche Médio. Este período foi marcado pela ascensão das elites dos vales mochicas ao sul de Jequetepeque, contexto em que surgem, na iconografia da cerâmica ritual arqueológica, muitos músicos portando atributos de indivíduos de elevado status social, como o o Senhor Noturno, o Senhor Solar e o Tomador de Coca, entre outros. O trabalho visa, também, discutir se havia ou não uma relação hierárquica entre grupos de músicos, e seus respectivos instrumentos (tocadores de antaras, quenas, tambores, chocalhos etc.) que reflita o status político-religioso de suas especializações. Foram analisados, além dos dados iconográficos, contextos e padrões funerários relacionados às estruturas de poder mochicas escavados nas últimas três décadas.This research intends to survey and analyze Moche ceramic artifacts depicting characters associated to sound instruments (aerophones, membranophones and idiophones2). We search in these musicians attributes and features that identify them as political-religious power figures. The main goal of the research is to comprehend how these musicians were inserted in the moche power structures, and their relationship with the elites of the Middle Moche Period, marked by the ascension of political groups from the valleys south of Jequetepeque. In this context many musicians arise in moche ritual ceramic`s iconography holding the attributes of high status individuals, like the Nocturnal Lord, the Solar Lord, the Coca Taker, among others. We also intend to discuss if there was a hierarchical relationship between different categories of musicians and their respective instruments (panpipe players, quena players, drum players, rattle players etc.), which reflect their political-religious status. Besides iconographic data, funerary contexts related to the Moche power structures excavated in the last three decades were also analyzed.
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Rodríguez, Rojas Kelita Ytamar. "Cosmovisión moche y periferia: La enunciación dividida en los relatos orales de aparecidos en el distrito de la Victoria, provincia de Chiclayo, departamento de Lambayeque." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/9595.
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Contribuye con el estudio al ámbito de la literatura oral Lambayecana. Específicamente, se centra en estudiar los relatos orales de aparecidos del distrito de La Victoria. Desde la niñez, son parte de la vida cotidiana de los pobladores. Relatados en el escenario de la vida familiar y en los momentos de reunión y de descanso muchas de las historias dejaban absortos, a grandes y chicos, y los mantenían en suspenso desde el principio hasta el final. Lo que impacta de los relatos de aparecidos es la presencia de los fantasmas. Tanto su aspecto como las circunstancias de su aparición aniquilan toda capacidad de quienes participan con ellos en la experiencia. Esto se debe a que la figura del aparecido se impone con una fuerza intensiva que acapara y satura los sentidos. Entonces cada vez que se oye o lee este tipo de relatos llama la atención la imagen del muerto, la sombra, el duende, etc. Se podría decir que lo mismo le pasa a los personajes ficcionales del relato que se quedan obnubilados con estas presencias que los sorprenden y les causan temor.
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Gilbertson, Theresa Jane. "A Comparative Analysis of Portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry and Stable Isotopes in Assessing Ancient Coastal Peruvian Diets." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5951.
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This dissertation explores a cross-cultural analysis of the dietary signatures of four coastal cultures of prehistoric Peru. A combination of elemental analysis based on portable x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (pXRF), testing trace elements presented in 209 individuals’ skulls representing the Nazca (38), Cañete (33), Lima (40), and Moche (98) valleys and/or cultures of the first millennium AD, is weighed in conjunction with isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) to analyze human bone collagen and bone apatite derived from a portion of the individuals represented in the Nazca, Cañete, and Lima cranial samples.
Evidence from the results of both tests are weighed using descriptive statistics supported with bivariate correlations and linear regression to determine that the pXRF data on the trace elements strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and iron (Fe) from the Moche collection do present potential for accurately portraying diet of those individuals represented in this sample. Additional hypotheses tested include potential for preferential diets based on sex, age, and status as well as attempting to place the valley of Cañete in the cultural sphere of either Lima or Nasca during the Early Intermediate Period. While there was no significant statistical difference in diet based on age in any of the individual valley datasets, there was one valley, Nazca, which showed a considerable variation in diet based on sex. From data derived from this particular sample set, there are mixed results in attempting to apply status to a diet of preferential high nitrogen sources such as marine mammals and large fish. In attempting to place Cañete in the cultural sphere of either Lima or Nasca, it was determined that cultural remains appear to be linked predominately to artifacts and practices of the Lima Culture, but the dietary difference in both stable isotope and trace elements signatures combined with the samples which instead aligned more closely with the Nasca Culture suggests that perhaps Cañete was a marginal space which allowed for the settlement and interaction of peoples from both neighboring cultures without prejudice. Overall, results indicate it would be premature to suggest pXRF replace destructive analysis in determination of diet. Due to the small sample size of stable isotopes deemed viable in testing, it is suggested that a larger sample of stable isotopes should be considered in similar testing and that the major elements from pXRF should also be used before a suggestion that destructive analysis was no longer warranted in many cases for deducing diet in ancient populations.
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Nelson, Andrew, and Luis Jaime Castillo. "Huesos a la deriva. Tafonomía y tratamiento funerario en entierros Mochica Tardío de San José de Moro." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113554.
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Wandering Bones. Tafonomy and Funerary Treatment in Mochica Tombs at San José de MoroThe focus of this study is a sample of human burials from the Precolumbian archaeological site of San José de Moro, Peru. This site is located in the coastal desert of northern Peru and this sample dates to the latter half of the Moche period (450 AD-750 AD). Many of the burials from this site demonstrate various degrees of disarticulation. Stratigraphic analysis has demonstrated that this disturbance cannot be the product of post-depositional forces. An analysis of the distribution of the bones within the tombs, and a review of the process of corporeal decomposition suggests that the disturbance happened before the bodies were placed in their tombs. The results indicate that the cadavers were wholly or partially mummified before burial, and that disarticulation ocurred as the brittle, mummified body was maneuvered into the tomb. The body was mummified either as a deliberate measure before transporting the corpse over long distances, or as a natural product of the curation of the body above ground in a dry environment, during an extended funeral ritual. This combination of archaeological and forensic analysis has yielded important insights into the burial practices of the Moche.El presente artículo trata sobre una muestra de entierros humanos del sitio arqueológico precolombino de San José de Moro. Este se encuentra en el desierto costero del norte del país y la muestra data de la última mitad del período mochica (450 AD-750 AD). Muchos de estos entierros muestran varios grados de desarticulación. El análisis estratigráfico ha demostrado que esta disturbación no pudo ser producto de fuerzas post-deposicionales. Más aún, el análisis en la distribución de los huesos dentro de las tumbas y una revisión del proceso de descomposición corporal sugieren que esta disturbación se llevó a cabo antes de que los cuerpos fueran colocados en sus tumbas. Los resultados indican que los cadáveres fueron total o parcialmente momificados antes del entierro y que la desarticulación ocurrió cuando el cuerpo, momificado y frágil, fue colocado dentro de la tumba. El cuerpo fue momificado tanto como una medida deliberada antes del transporte del cadáver a través de largas distancias y como resultado natural de curación del cuerpo sobre la tierra en un ambiente seco durante un ritual funerario prolongado. Esta combinación de análisis arqueológico y forense ha producido nuevos e importantes datos acerca de las prácticas funerarias mochicas.
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McCallum, Mairi. "MOCHA : modelling organisational change using agents." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430394.
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Agent-based computing is becoming a popular tool for modelling, designing and implementing distributed systems. In the engineering of multi-agent systems both the analyst and architect may benefit by thinking about the solution in terms of the roles that agents may enact and the relationships between them. As in human organisations, roles and the relationships between them define expected behaviours of the members of an organisation. The organisational structure thus produced provides an effective way to capture medium- to long-term associations and dependencies between agents. If the organisation structure can be defined in a formalism with a well-defined syntax and precise semantics the engineer gains the benefits associated with describing a system in a formal specification. In this thesis we propose a means to formally specify, verify and analyse agent organisations. We take an organisational approach, defining the structure of the organisation without making any assumptions about the internal characteristics of the agents who populate it. We adopt a normative view of organisations, and capture the notion of social influence through relationships between roles. Ours is a flexible and expressive approach that contemplates agents taking part in multiple organisations with distinct roles and disparate (possibly conflicting) obligations. We make a distinction between the structure of an organisation and the population instantiating the organisation, and our framework allows the consequences of change in both the organisational structure and the population to be investigated. The model and the functionalities described in this thesis are based on sets and a prototypical Prolog implementation is presented.
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Bateman, Sarah Elizabeth. "Visual images of Mocha : a critical study of the visual record of Mocha from ca 1609-1882." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406602.
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Rebaza, Rodríguez Giuliano. "Sistema comercial del Centro Cultural Mocha Graña." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/273697.
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Siemer, Meinolf. "Francesco Mochi (1580-1654) : Beiträge zu einer Monographie /." Online version, 1989. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/21547.
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Haddany, Yaakov. "Les Concepts fondamentaux du Rav Yaakov Moshe Harlap." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614136t.
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Custódio, Renata Aparecida Ribeiro. "Proposta de um novo conceito de mocho odontológico /." Guaratinguetá : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105342.
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Orientador: José Geraldo Trani BrandãoCoorientador: José Benedito Oliveira Amorim
Banca: Jose Elias Tomazini
Banca: Renato Rocha
Banca: Carlos Eduardo Sanches da Silva
Banca: Eliel Soares Orenha
Resumo: O dentista pertence a uma categoria que apresenta um alto índice de doenças osteomusculares associadas à sua prática, o que justifica o grande número de aposentadoria precoce. Ela traz consigo uma alta estatística de problemas localizados na coluna lombar, pescoço e ombros. Estes problemas estão associados com a postura estática, com a posição sentada adotada pela maioria dos dentistas e com a precisão visual e manual inerentes à tarefa que executam. Devido a esta necessidade de aproximação do campo operatório, o encosto do mocho odontológico deixa de cumprir seu principal papel de suporte para a coluna lombar. Tendo em vista este contexto, esta pesquisa objetivou desenvolver um novo conceito de mocho odontológico com apoio frontal (AF) a fim de verificar a influência deste na atividade elétrica dos músculos longuíssimos torácicos direito e esquerdo (LD e LE) e trapézios superiores direito e esquerdo (TD e TE) e na força aplicada nas partes do mocho. Para tanto foi projetado um AF para um mocho odontológico industrializado e o mesmo foi instrumentado com células de carga nas partes anterior e posterior do assento, no encosto e no AF. A partir disto foi verificada a distribuição da força no mocho odontológico simultaneamente à atividade elétrica dos músculos LD, LE, TD e TE através da eletromiografia (EMGS) durante um procedimento clínico realizado em um manequim odontológico. Participaram deste estudo 10 voluntários do sexo feminino, com idade média de 25,3 anos (±3,3), índice de massa corporal 22,3 kg/m² (± 2,4), sendo 9 destras e 1 sinistra. Durante o experimento as voluntárias realizaram o procedimento clínico restauração classe II de Black. Os resultados apontaram uma diferença estatística (p<0,05) para os músculos TD, TE e LD quando foi inserido o AF... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Dentists belong to a category that presents a high index of osteomuscular disorders associated with the practice, which justifies the large number of professionals who retire early from the profession. It brings with it high statistics of problems in the lumbar spine, neck and shoulders. These problems are associated with the static posture of the seated position adopted by most dentists along with visual and manual precision inherent to the task they perform. Because of this need to be close to the operative field, the backrest of the dental stool fails to fulfill its main role: to support the lumbar spine. Given this context, the research aimed to develop a new concept of a dental stool with a front support (FS) in order to verify it's influence on the electrical activity of the right and left longissimus thoracic muscles (RL and LL) and the right and left upper trapezius muscles (RT and LT), as well as the force applied to parts of the stool. In order to do so, an FS was designed for the dental stool and it was instrumented with load cells in the front and back of the seat, the backrest and the FS. From this, the distribution of force in the dental stool and the electrical activity of the RL, RT and LT muscles using electromyography (sEMG) were simultaneously verified during a medical procedure performed on a dental dummy. The study consisted of ten female volunteers, with an average age of 25.3 (±3.3), a body mass index of 22.3 kg/m² (±2.4), nine of whom were right-handed and one who was left-handed. During the experiment the subjects performed a Class II BLACK restorative procedure. The results pointed out a statistical difference (p<0.05) for the RT, LT and RL muscles when the FS was inserted. This result indicated that with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Custódio, Renata Aparecida Ribeiro [UNESP]. "Proposta de um novo conceito de mocho odontológico." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105342.
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O dentista pertence a uma categoria que apresenta um alto índice de doenças osteomusculares associadas à sua prática, o que justifica o grande número de aposentadoria precoce. Ela traz consigo uma alta estatística de problemas localizados na coluna lombar, pescoço e ombros. Estes problemas estão associados com a postura estática, com a posição sentada adotada pela maioria dos dentistas e com a precisão visual e manual inerentes à tarefa que executam. Devido a esta necessidade de aproximação do campo operatório, o encosto do mocho odontológico deixa de cumprir seu principal papel de suporte para a coluna lombar. Tendo em vista este contexto, esta pesquisa objetivou desenvolver um novo conceito de mocho odontológico com apoio frontal (AF) a fim de verificar a influência deste na atividade elétrica dos músculos longuíssimos torácicos direito e esquerdo (LD e LE) e trapézios superiores direito e esquerdo (TD e TE) e na força aplicada nas partes do mocho. Para tanto foi projetado um AF para um mocho odontológico industrializado e o mesmo foi instrumentado com células de carga nas partes anterior e posterior do assento, no encosto e no AF. A partir disto foi verificada a distribuição da força no mocho odontológico simultaneamente à atividade elétrica dos músculos LD, LE, TD e TE através da eletromiografia (EMGS) durante um procedimento clínico realizado em um manequim odontológico. Participaram deste estudo 10 voluntários do sexo feminino, com idade média de 25,3 anos (±3,3), índice de massa corporal 22,3 kg/m² (± 2,4), sendo 9 destras e 1 sinistra. Durante o experimento as voluntárias realizaram o procedimento clínico restauração classe II de Black. Os resultados apontaram uma diferença estatística (p<0,05) para os músculos TD, TE e LD quando foi inserido o AF...
Dentists belong to a category that presents a high index of osteomuscular disorders associated with the practice, which justifies the large number of professionals who retire early from the profession. It brings with it high statistics of problems in the lumbar spine, neck and shoulders. These problems are associated with the static posture of the seated position adopted by most dentists along with visual and manual precision inherent to the task they perform. Because of this need to be close to the operative field, the backrest of the dental stool fails to fulfill its main role: to support the lumbar spine. Given this context, the research aimed to develop a new concept of a dental stool with a front support (FS) in order to verify it’s influence on the electrical activity of the right and left longissimus thoracic muscles (RL and LL) and the right and left upper trapezius muscles (RT and LT), as well as the force applied to parts of the stool. In order to do so, an FS was designed for the dental stool and it was instrumented with load cells in the front and back of the seat, the backrest and the FS. From this, the distribution of force in the dental stool and the electrical activity of the RL, RT and LT muscles using electromyography (sEMG) were simultaneously verified during a medical procedure performed on a dental dummy. The study consisted of ten female volunteers, with an average age of 25.3 (±3.3), a body mass index of 22.3 kg/m² (±2.4), nine of whom were right-handed and one who was left-handed. During the experiment the subjects performed a Class II BLACK restorative procedure. The results pointed out a statistical difference (p<0.05) for the RT, LT and RL muscles when the FS was inserted. This result indicated that with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Haddany, Yaakov. "Les concepts fondamentaux du rav yaakov moshe harlap." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR20020.
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Méchoulan, Éric. "Jules Moch et le socialisme, 1893-1985." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040102.
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Ancien polytechnicien issu d'une famille d'origine juive qui a fait carrière dans l'armée, Jules Moch devient député socialiste en 1928. Il met alors son expérience d'ancien combattant, d'administrateur et d'ingénieur au service de la S. F. I. O. Entre 1927 et 1936, il se trouve au cœur des controverses qui agitent alors le socialisme français : rationalisation, planisme, reflation et lutte contre le fascisme. Sa participation au renouvellement des idées politiques se double d'une intense activité parlementaire. Elle trouve un premier aboutissement au secrétariat général de la présidence du Conseil lors du cabinet Blum en 1936, qui couronne sa participation au groupe x-crise puis à l'Union des techniciens socialistes. Le 10 juillet 1940, il est l'un des 80 qui refusent les pleins pouvoirs à Pétain. Résistant puis officier dans les F. F. L. , il retrouve son siège en 1944. Ministre des travaux publics et des transports, puis de l'économie, entre 1945 et 1947, il doit concilier les espérances socialistes de la libération et les nécessités du gouvernement. A l'intérieur entre 1947 et 1950, il réprime les grèves dites insurrectionnelles organisées par les communistes. A la Défense de 1950 à 1951, il organise l'insertion de la France dans le bloc atlantique et participe aux négociations sur le réarmement de l’Allemagne. Il n'en devient pas moins en 1954 le champion de l'anticedisme. L'éclatement de la troisième force lui permet de se consacrer à ses deux ambitions essentielles : reformuler la doctrine socialiste et œuvrer comme diplomate à l’ONU pour le désarmement. Rappelé à l'intérieur en 1958, il ne peut que se rallier à De Gaulle avant de devenir un adversaire acharné du gaullisme. Partisan de l'union des gauches, il reprouve pourtant le principe du programme commun et rompt avec le parti socialiste peu après l'élection de Mitterrand au poste de premier secrétaire. Moch incarne ainsi la fidélité à un certain idéal jaurésien et blumien en même temps qu'une volonté infructueuse de dégager la S. F. I. O. De la "vulgate marxiste"Former student at the École polytechnique and war veteran, Jules Moch became Member of Parliament in 1928. He placed his experience as an administrator and an engineer in the service of the socialist party S. F. I. O. He found himself in the heart of the most hotly debated issues of the time: rationalization, economic planning, reflation and the fight against fascism. His participation in the renewal of political ideas, coupled with intense parliamentary activity, led him to the office of general secretary of Blum's government, in 1936. On July 10th 1940, he is one of the '80' who refuse full powers to maréchal Pétain. Member of the resistance, then officer in the free French forces, he became minister of public works and transports between 1945 and 1947, with the mission of conciliating socialist hopes and government necessities. At the ministry of the interior from 1947 to 1950, he succeeded in putting down the insurrectionary communist strikes. At the ministry of defense from 1950 to 1951, he organized France’s insertion into the atlantic bloc and took part in the negotiations on German rearmament, which did not prevent him from becoming one of the leading adversaries to the EDC. The break-up of the '3rd force' enabled him to dedicate himself to his principal ambitions: renewing the socialist doctrine and working at the U. N. O. For world disarmament. When called back to the ministry of the interior in may 1958, he could not but rally de Gaulle, before turning into a relentless opponent to Gaullism in the 60's. Although he favored the union between left-wing parties, he disapproved of the socialist-communist common program, and, in the end, broke with the socialist party shortly after Mitterrand’s appointment as 1st secretary. Moch embodies faithfulness to a certain jauressian and blumian ideal, as well as an unsuccessful will to free the S. F. I. O. Of the 'marxist vulgate'
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Kacem, Haddj Elmrabet Nabila. "Écobiologie de Trybliographa Rapae W. (Hymenoptera : Figitidae), endoparasitoide de la mouche du chou Delia Radicum l. (Diptera : Anthomyiidae)." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10040.
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La mouche du chou Delia Radicum (Diptera : Anthomyiidae) est le principal ravageur phytophage sur 400 000 ha de culture de crucifères en Bretagne. Trybliographa Rapae (Hymenoptera : Figitidae) est le parasitoi͏̈de le plus fréquemment rencontré en association avec le diptère. Les travaux ont été conduits dans le cadre du GIS lutte biologique et intégrée dans l'ouest de la France avec comme objectif principal, à partir des données acquises, de proposer les modalités de conduite d'un élevage de masse. Apres l'étude ultrastructurale de la morphologie et de l'équipement sensillaire de l'antenne femelle et de l'ovipositeur, en liaison avec une thèse sur la sélection de l'hôte, nos recherches ont concerné la biologie de la reproduction et du développement, et les interactions immunitaires dans le système hôte-parasitoide. La biologie de la reproduction et du développement a été étudiée dans un système tritrophique initié par les crucifères : l'appareil reproducteur, le fonctionnement ovarien, le rythme de ponte nycthéméral et quotidien, l'effet présence ou absence du male sur la fécondité. La longévité a été mesurée au laboratoire. Le développement preimaginal de T. Rapae passe par 4 stades larvaires qui ont été décrits. L'effet de la température sur la durée de développement a été quantifié. Les seuils thermiques de développement ont été calculés. L'étude du fonctionnement du système hôte-parasitoide a porté sur l'étude des caractéristiques biologiques et démographiques de l'hôte et du parasitoide. La réponse fonctionnelle de T. Rapae intégrant le taux de recherche efficace et le taux de manipulation a été menée sur les 3 stades larvaires de D. Radicum. Deux types de particules probablement virales ont été mis en évidence dans les glandes annexes associées à l'appareil reproducteur femelle dans trois souches géographiquement éloignées. L'influence de la plante-hôte chou-fleur et rutabaga sur les caractéristiques écobiologiques de T. Rapae a été étudiée. L'ensemble des résultats est discuté pour d'une part situer T. Rapae dans l'ensemble des systèmes hôtes-parasitoides et d'autre part pour dégager les modalités de conduite d'un élevage en conditions optimales
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Malimabe, Moshe Moses. "Communication apprehension in Qwaqwa secondary schools / Moshe Moses Malimabe." Thesis, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2624.
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Leonard, Niall Edwin. "Hexameron rustique de François de La Mothe Le Vayer." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37616736z.
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Goulard, Roman. "Stabilisation visuo-inertielle chez la mouche : à la recherche de l'accéléromètre." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0532.
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Malgré des ressources neuronales et un système visuel à faible résolution spatiale, les insectes présentent des capacités de vol extraordinaires. En particulier chez les mouches c’est la vitesse d’exécution des processus sensorimoteurs de contrôle du vol qui a attiré l’attention des scientifiques. De nombreux travaux ont mis en évidence la capacité des diptères à percevoir les mouvements, par l’intermédiaire de la vision ou des balanciers (organe agissant tel un gyromètre dans les 3 dimensions de l’espace), pour compenser nombre de perturbations qui pourraient altérer la stabilité de leur vol. Cependant, ces mécanismes de compensation peuvent être sujet à une accumulation d’erreurs au cours du temps. Au cours de cette thèse nous avons donc posé la question suivante : Existe-t-il chez les diptères une référence verticale qui leur permet de connaître leur orientation absolue dans l’espace et qui participe au contrôle du vol ? Tout d’abord, à l’instar de ce qui existe chez les vertébrés, nous avons tenté d’explorer l’hypothèse d’un système inertiel analogue à l’oreille interne chez les insectes volants. De manière à tester la possible perception de l’orientation de la gravité nous avons mis au point un dispositif de chute libre pour les insectes. Nous avons ensuite étudié en détail les mécanismes visuels qui participent à cette stabilisation, tout d’abord en évaluant une stratégie basée uniquement sur la perception du mouvement visuel : le flux optique, très étudié chez les insectes. Nous avons cherché l’existence de repères statiques liés à la verticale dans l’environnement visuel, aux rangs desquels l’horizon fait figure de candidatDespite low neuronal resources and a low spatial resolution vision, flying insects exhibit a large repertoire of complex behaviours. Particularly, some species are able to hover for long period of time in front of flowers or congeners. The ratio between their low resources and their complex behaviours made insects perfect models to understand the sensorimotor transformation in neuronal systems. In flies, the extraordinary pace of these processes has interrogated scientists. Thus, numbers of papers shed in light the incredible dipteran’s capacities to detect movement, thanks to vision or halteres (organs acting as a 3-D gyrometer). But the compensating mechanisms associated with those perceptions are exposed to errors accumulation and could led to crash. Thus, we asked the following question: Do dipteran could be able to achieve such complex task to hover without any estimation of their absolute orientation within gravity? First, we developed a free fall setup adapted to small insects to evaluate their ability to detect inertially the free fall state, which is possible with an accelerometer or an inner ear. Then, we developed a model based on their aptitude to control their cruising flight thanks to optic flow perception. We demonstrated that the well-known mechanism of optic flow regulation already described in bees tends to counteract free fall. Finally, we investigated the role of visual static cues linked to the horizon to show the importance of light distribution in the environment in hoverfly to ensure flight stability
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Rawson, Harriet. "Volcanic history and magmatic evolution of Mocho-Choshuenco Volcano, southern Chile." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:05969e3b-4f38-4478-bc26-381ca13bce1d.
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Active volcanoes pose a significant natural hazard. In order to evaluate the hazard it is important to reconstruct the history of such volcanoes to understand the frequency, style of eruption and the areas typically affected by the explosive eruptions. This thesis focuses on deciphering the volcanic and magmatic record for one of the most productive volcanoes in southern Chile, Volcán Mocho-Choshuenco. Work presented in the thesis establishes a detailed record of the explosive activity during the last 18 kyrs, constructed using field observations and geochemical analyses of the eruption deposits. Using a multi-technique approach Mocho-Choshuenco is shown to be one of the most explosive, frequently active and hence hazardous volcanoes in Chile. This high-resolution eruptive record provides new constraints on the underlying causes of spatial and temporal variability in arc volcanism. Temporally, the record gives new understanding into the response of arc volcanoes to deglaciation; clear temporal variation in eruption flux, eruption size and magma composition are observed. This time-varying behaviour is hypothesised to reflect changes in the crustal plumbing system, and magma storage timescales in response to removal of an ice-load. It demonstrates that deglaciation can drive changes in eruption behaviour at arc volcanoes; however the response is more complex and subtle than settings where decompression melting dominates. Spatially, Mocho-Choshuenco has a high number and density of scoria cones that have erupted relatively primitive magmas but nonetheless with a wide range of magma compositions. For some of the 'classical' slab and mantle geochemical tracers the erupted magmas span the complete range seen in this part of the arc. The tight temporal and spatial constraints provided by the analysed samples, coupled with recent advances in numerical modelling of magma transport through subduction zones, enable new hypotheses for interpreting the signatures of mafic arc magmas to be defined.
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Manea, Ioana. "La pensée de l'autorité chez F. De La Mothe Le Vayer." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040257.
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Proche des cercles de pouvoir de son temps, La Mothe Le Vayer semble pourtant développer une réflexion démystificatrice à leur égard. Ainsi, pour notre auteur, l'autorité politique serait fondée exclusivement sur des simulacres, parmi lesquels on peut compter l'appui dont elle prétend bénéficier de la part de l'autorité divine. Les religions ne constitueraient, dans cette vision, que des outils permettant aux dirigeants de gouverner la "sotte multitude". Néanmoins, la raison au nom de laquelle La Mothe Le Vayer dénonce les faux-semblants du pouvoir ou les usages intéressés des croyances religieuses n'est pas une autorité infaillible : aussi fier qu'il soit de son libertinage, qui lui donne la possibilité de refuser toute autorité susceptible de vouloir exercer son influence sur lui, l'intellect de notre écrivain ne se considère pas comme étant à l'abri de l'erreur. Malgré son incapacité de percevoir la présence de l'autorité divine en arrière-fond des évènements se déroulant sur la scène politique ou des fonctions souvent remplies par les manifestations religieuses dans le cadre des sociétés humaines, l'entendement de La Mothe Le Vayer ne conteste pas l'existence de la transcendance. Par ailleurs, les conclusions auxquelles la raison des individus est susceptible d'aboutir sont dignes d'être mises en doute dans le domaine de la métaphysique, aussi bien que dans celui de la physique : loin de pouvoir être hiérarchisées, les conceptions que les hommes se font de l'univers où ils vivent sont jugées aussi vraisemblables les unes que les autres et l'écriture de La Mothe Le Vayer leur permet de se rencontrer au-delà des barrières de temps ou d'espaceClose to the powerful people of his time, La Mothe Le Vayer seems nevertheless to consider them in a demystifying way. Hence, in our writer's opinion, the political authority appears to rely exclusively on simulacra, among which one may quote the support it pretends to receive from the divine authority. From this point of view, the religions would represent mere instruments that allow the politicians to govern the "idiot crowds". Yet, the rational faculty on whose behalf La Mothe Le Vayer denounces the false pretences of the political power or the pragmatic exploitation of the religious beliefs is not always a trustworthy authority : however proud it is of its libertinage, which gives it the possibility of rejecting every authority potentially willing to dominate it, La Mothe Le Vayer's intellect does not consider itself safe from errors. Despite its inability to perceive the presence of the divine authority in the background of the events taking place on the political stage or of the parts often played by the religious phenomena in human societies, our author's mind does not deny the existence of the transcendence. The conclusions that can be reached by the people's intellect are doubtful not only when it comes to metaphysics, but also when it comes to physics : far from allowing themselves to be set in hierarchies, the conceptions that people have of the universe they live in are considered equally plausible and La Mothe Le Vayer's writing allows them to meet regardless of the time or of the space when they are born
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Leonard, Niall Edwin. "Hexameron rustique de François de la Mothe le Vayer : édition critique." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100162.
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L'hexameron rustique, ou les six journées passées à la campagne entre des personnes studieuses fut la dernière œuvre de François de la Mothe le Vayer (1588-1672), membre de l'académie, conseiller du roi, et un des représentants les plus éminents de ce courant de pensée que M. René Pintard a nommé "libertinage érudit". Malgré la position de son auteur, l'hexameron rustique fut mis à l'index peu de temps après sa parution en 1670, et ne figure dans aucune édition des œuvres. La seule édition moderne - de 1875 - se limita à reproduire sans annotation le texte de la première édition. Dans une série de six dialogues, la Mothe le Vayer se met en scène en compagnie de cinq de ses amis. En six journées, chacun à son tour prononce un discours, commente ensuite par les autres membres du groupe, sur un thème de son choix: "que les meilleurs escrivains sont sujets à se mesprendre"; "que les plus grans auteurs ont besoin d'estre interpretez favorablement"; "des parties appelées honteuses aux hommes et aux femmes"; "de l'antre des nymphes"; "de l'éloquence de (J. L. Guez de) Balzac"; "de l'intercession de quelques saints particuliers". Si notre auteur annonce dès le début que son récit est "à la mode des anciens", il faut reconnaitre également l'influence des modernes, et surtout de Montaigne, sceptique lui aussi: l'hexameron rustique n'est pas sans lien avec son essai "sur des vers de Virgile". De la critique littéraire à celle de la religion, le ton reste enjoué, légèrement moqueur, très souvent porté à la gauloiserie - témoin l'interprétation aussi libertine qu'érudite de l'antre des nymphes de l'Odyssée. Notre travail s'est proposé d'établir une édition critique de l'œuvre, dans la ligne des perspectives que nous venons de résumerThe hexameron rustique, ou les six journées passées à la campagne entre des personnes studieuses was the last work of François de la Mothe le Vayer (1588-1672), member of the académie française, tutor to the young louis the fourteenth, and one of the most prominent of that small group of seventeenth century intellectuals known as "libertins erudits" (cf R. Pintard, le libertinage érudit, Paris, 1943). The social position of its author did not prevent the hexameron rustique from being placed on the index of banned books, soon after its publication in 1670: it is notably absent from the subsequent editions of la Mothe le Vayer's oeuvres. The only modern edition dates from 1875 and is entirely without annotation. The text consists of a series of six dialogues "in the style of the ancients", on topics ranging from the errors of translators to St Augustine's views on human reproduction in Eden. There is a survey of customs relating to the genital organs, an energetic attack on J. L. Guez de Balzac, a discussion of popular superstition and the cult of the saints, and a symbolic, and distinctly risque interpretation of the cave of the nymphs of the odyssey. The text reproduced is that of the first edition. The introductory essay considers the form and sources of the hexameron rustique, with particular emphasis on the influence of Montaigne’s essay "sur des vers de Virgile", before examining the content of each dialogue and the significance of the text as a whole. La Mothe le Vayer's copious learning, reflected in frequent quotations from writers ancient and modern, has necessitated the provision of footnotes equally copious
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Ali, Agha Moutaz. "Physiologie des récepteurs gustatifs chez la mouche de vinaigre (Drosophila melanogaster)." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLA037/document.
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Chez les animaux et en particulier les insectes, l’alimentation comprend une phase d’examen sensoriel qui précède l’ingestion, afin notamment d’éviter d’ingérer des substances toxiques. Cette détection fait intervenir des cellules spécialisées dans la détection de telles molécules, cellules qui sont généralement qualifiées de sensibles aux goûts « amers ». A l’aide d’observations électrophysiologiques et comportementales, nous avons abordé comment un insecte modèle, la drosophile, était capable de détecter des substances potentiellement toxiques mélangées à des sucres à l’aide de ses neurones gustatifs. Dans une première partie, nous avons étudié la détection de la L-canavanine, qui est un acide aminé non protéique. Cette molécule est toxique pour l’homme comme pour les animaux car elle est confondue par le métabolisme avec un acide aminé, la L-arginine, et intégrée à sa place dans les protéines. En utilisant des constructions génétiques et en particulier le système UAS-Gal4, nous avons montré que la Lcanavanine est détectée par des cellules gustatives qui expriment une protéine réceptrice GR66a, qui est impliquée dans la détection de nombreuses substances amères. Nous avons également montré que, contrairement à la caféine, la détection de L-canavanine nécessite des protéines Gαo fonctionnelles. Nous avons ensuite étudié les interactions sucré-amer. Dans un premier travail, nous avons montré que l’addition de Lcanavanine une solution sucrée n’altérait pas la détection des sucres, contrairement à la strychnine qui peut complètement supprimer la détection du sucre dans les cellules gustatives. Grâce à des ablations spécifiques des cellules détectant l’amer, nous avons pu montrer que cette inhibition était une propriété intrinsèque des cellules sensibles aux. sucres. Les cellules sensibles aux sucres auraient donc des sites récepteurs non identifiés, sensibles à certains ligands amers. Nous avons également abordé des interactions inverses, à savoir l’inhibition de la détection de substances amères par des sucres, en confrontant 4 substances amères (denatonium, berberine, caféine, umbelliferone) à 12 sucres. Les observations que nous avons réalisées montrent que certains sucres exercent un effet inhibiteur sur la détection des molécules amères testées. En utilisant des outils génétiques permettant l’ablation des cellules sensibles aux sucres, nous avons montré que cette inhibition est une propriété intrinsèque des cellules sensibles à l’amer. Cependant, cet effet inhibiteur est loin d’être aussi efficace que l’inhibition des substances amères sur la détection des sucres. Dans une dernière partie, nous avons évalué la modulation de la détection gustative à l’aide d’analogues d’une neuro-hormone, la leucokinine, connue pour ses effets sur la diurèse. Lorsqu’elle est mélangée à une solution sucrée, ces analogues inhibent la détection des sucres par les sensilles gustatives, à la fois chez le moustique Aedes aegypti et chez la drosophile. La détection de substances « amères » par les cellules gustatives de drosophiles implique donc deux voies de codage : l’une, spécifique, concerne des cellules dédiées à la détection des substances amères ; l’autre, moins spécifique, affecte les cellules dédiées à la détection des sucres. De manière réciproque, ces cellules dédiées à la détection des molécules sont affectées par la présence de ligands sucrés. Le codage des informations gustatives à la périphérie est donc un phénomène plus complexe qui nécessite d’étudier plus précisément la détection de composés en mélangesIn most animals including insects, ingestion is preceded by a close examination of the food, for example in order to detect the presence of potentially noxious chemicals. This detection involves specialized gustatory cells, which are generally described as sensitive to “bitter” tastes. Using electrophysiology and behavioral observations, we studied how a model insect, Drosophila melanogaster, can detect potentially toxic substances (described here as “bitter”) when mixed with sugar molecules, with their gustatory neurons. In a first part, we studied how L-canavanine is detected. Lcanavanine is a pseudo amino acid, which is confounded with L-arginine by the metabolism. Proteins which include Lcanavanine are non-functional and this compound is toxic for animals including insects. Using genetic constructions based on the UAS-Gal4 expression system, we showed that Lcanavanine is detected by gustatory cells expressing a receptor protein, GR66a, which is specific to most cells capable of detecting bitter substances. We also showed that, contrary to caffeine, the detection of L-canavanine requires functional Gαo proteins. Then, we studied some aspects of the detection of mixtures of sweet and bitter molecules. In a first approach, we contributed to establish that L-canavanine does not impact sugar detection, while other chemicals like strychnine completely inhibit sugar detection. By using the UAS-Gal4 system to ablate bitter-sensitive cells, we could demonstrate that such inhibition is a specific property of sugar- sensitive cells. These cells should have thus receptors for bitter substances which have not been identified yet. We also examined the reverse interaction, which is a possible role of sweet molecules to inhibit the detection of bitter substances. We examined the detection of denatonium, berberine, caffeine and umbelliferone in the presence of 12 different sugars, using behavioral and electrophysiology observations. By using genetic construction to ablate sugar-sensitive cells, we found that the sugar inhibitory action is not due to the presence of sugar-sensitive cells. It should be noted, however that in our experimental conditions, this inhibitory action is less efficient than the inhibition of bitter upon sugar detection. In a last part, we examined the modulation of gustatory perception by analogs of leucokinine, which is a neuropeptide involved in the diuresis of insects. We show that these analogs, when mixed with sugars in solution, can inhibit sugar detection by gustatory sensilla, both in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and in Drosophila. The detection of bitter molecules by gustatory neurons in Drosophila thus involves two main coding channels: one is specific, and involves gustatory cells dedicated to the detection of bitter molecules; the second one, less specific, is affecting cells which are dedicated to the detection of sugar molecules. Gustatory coding is thus a more complex phenomenon than previously thought on the basis of examining responses to single molecules, thus urging to study the responses of gustatory receptors to more complex and natural mixtures
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Rodrigues, Daniele Tôrres. "Interação genótipos ambientes em animais via modelos de normas de reação." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2012. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4047.
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Previous issue date: 2012-02-17Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A basic issue in animal genetic improvement is if the selection of animals practiced in a given environment results in genetic progress in other environment. The presence of genotype environment interaction (GEI) is characterized by different response of genotypes to environmental variations, which can cause change in the classification of the genotypes in different environments. Among the ways to evaluate the GEI, models of reaction norms (MRN) have been distinguished themselves worldwide today. The GEI is a linear covariance function that lets you assign to each animal, two random regression coefficients (intercept and slope) that predict the genetic value depending on the environment. Thus, each animal has a genetic value for each environment. This study aims to verify the presence of GEI for weaning weight in Nelore Mocho created in different regions of Brazilian northeast, using the model of reaction norms. It was adjusted two models of norms of reaction to the data, MRN in two steps and MRN in one step. The first uses a model without considering the genotype environment interaction to obtain estimates of the environment effects and then uses them as a known covariate in a random regression model. The second, under the Bayesian approach estimates all parameters jointly. The analyzes were conducted using software SAS, R, AMC and Intergen. Based on two of the three criteria used for choosing the model the was the MRN in one step. Through this model it was possible to verify the presence of genotype environment interaction and to estimate the genetic value of animals for weaning weight in each producing region in the Northeast. Thus, it is possible to recommend the most appropriate sires for each environment studied, taking advantage of the GEI effects.
Uma questão básica no melhoramento genético animal é se a seleção dos animais praticada em um determinado ambiente resulta em progresso genético em outro tipo de ambiente. A presença de interação genótipos ambientes (IGA) é caracterizada pela resposta diferenciada dos genótipos às variações ambientais, o que pode ocasionar alteração na classificação dos genótipos nos diferentes ambientes. Dentre as formas de se avaliar a IGA, os modelos de norma de reação (MNR) têm se destacado, atualmente, em todo o mundo. O MNR linear é uma função de covariância que permite atribuir a cada animal, dois coeficientes de regressão aleatórios (intercepto e inclinação) que predizem o valor genético em função do ambiente. Assim, cada animal terá um valor genético predito para cada ambiente. Este estudo tem o objetivo de verificar a presença de IGA para peso à desmama em bovinos da raça Nelore Mocho criados em diferentes regiões produtoras no Nordeste do Brasil, utilizando o modelo de normas de reação. Ajustou-se dois modelos de normas de reação aos dados, MNR em dois passos e o MNR em um passo. O primeiro utiliza um modelo sem considerar a interação genótipos ambientes para obter estimativas dos efeitos de ambiente e em seguida as utiliza como uma covariável conhecida em um modelo de regressão aleatória e o segundo, sob o enfoque Bayesiano, estima todos os parâmetros simultaneamente. As análises foram realizadas por meio dos softwares SAS, R, AMC e Intergen. Com base em dois dos três critérios utilizados para escolha do modelo, o que melhor se ajustou aos dados foi o MNR em um passo. Por meio deste modelo foi possível verificar a presença de interação genótipos ambientes e estimar o valor genético dos animais para cada região produtora do Nordeste, para a característica peso à desmama. Assim, é possível recomendar os reprodutores mais apropriados para cada ambiente estudado, capitalizando os efeitos da IGA.