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1
Agarwal, Abhishek, and Linda Mthembu. "Investigation of Dynamic Factors in Different Sections of HVC by Static and Free Vibration Modal Analysis." Annales de Chimie - Science des Matériaux 46, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/acsm.460203.
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One of the essential purposes of the automotive chassis is to maintain the vehicle's shape and bear the various loads applied to the vehicle. When a heavy-duty vehicle, e.g., a truck, travels on the road, the chassis is subject to vibrations produced by surface roughness and excitation due to the vibration of body parts. The present study aims to design, model, and perform a static structural & vibrational modal analysis on a commercial vehicle (Truck) chassis considering both conventional Structural steel and P100/6061 Al Metal Metrix Composite (MMC) using ANSYS CFX to determine the strength of chassis with transverse sections. Free vibrational modal analysis determines the mass participation factor and resonance frequency for square section and C section, respectively, for both materials using the finite element technique. It was observed that the use of the C section causes an increase in deformation for all the natural frequencies, which is not preferred. The high mass participation factor along the x-direction signifies that any external excitation along this direction would likely cause resonance and amplitude build-up. The C section profile of the chassis shows 1.69% higher deformation than the square section in both cases; hence it is not desirable for the design.
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Agrahari, Ravinder Kumar, and K. K. Pathak. "Comparative Study of Seismic Acceleration Amplification Models for RC Frame Structures." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1197, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1197/1/012044.
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Abstract As the current aspect, the nonstructural components (NSCs) linked with the structures are more affected during the seismic motion. It causes not only loss of the economy but also affected life. The various codal provision has been available for minimizing the damages of primary components, but for NSCs, a minimal requirement is functional. So that more investigation is required for understating the behavior of NSCs during the seismic motion. The research aims to understand the behavior of acceleration demand on NSCs in a building. Structures subjected to inertia forces due to earthquakes experience damage of nonstructural components (NSC). The inertia force acting the NSCs are related to acceleration amplification factor. For obtaining the peak horizontal floor acceleration with respect to tectonic ground motion, these factors are used. In this paper, mathematical models of the acceleration amplification factor defined as the peak floor acceleration with respect to peak ground acceleration, given by previous researchers, has been compared. For this 2,4,6,8 and 10 storey moment-resisting frame models considering 29 ground motion data ranging between 0.1g to 0.2g, is analyzed using linear time history method. The supports of the models are considered fixed. The ETABS software is used for the analysis of the models. To analyses the models, the modal mass participation ratio plays a significant role. ASCE 7-05 defines that the structure should be investigated and designed when the model mass participation ratio is equal to or more than 90 per cent. Based on the results, a comparison of the reported models is made. There is a strong need for further research to refine the models for the realistic prediction of acceleration amplification factor.
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Shen, Botan, Jin Wang, Weibing Xu, Yanjiang Chen, Weiming Yan, Jianhui Huang, and Zhenyun Tang. "Experimental Research on Damping Effect of Double-Layer Tuned Mass Damper for High-Rise Structure." Shock and Vibration 2021 (December 2, 2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7523127.
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A double-layer tuned mass damper (DTMD) has advantages of wide damping frequency band and strong robustness. At present, there is a lack of seismic design methods for high-rise structures based on DTMDs. In this study, a DTMD parameter optimisation method was proposed, with the objective of minimising the peak displacement response of a first N-order vibration modal with a vibration mass participation factor of 85%. Then, a scale model of a high-rise structure was fabricated, along with a corresponding DTMD. Different types of excitations were chosen to clarify the dynamic responses of the model with and without the DTMD, including Site-II ground motions, long-period (LP) ground motions without pulses, and near-fault pulse-type (NFPT) ground motions. The results indicate that the dynamic responses of high-rise structures under LP and NFPT ground motions are much greater than those under Site-II ground motions. The DTMD can effectively reduce the absolute displacement response, acceleration response, and strain response at the top floor of the test model. However, the DTMD has a time delay in providing the damping effect. A smaller damping ratio between the upper TMD and the controlled structure will lead to a more significant damping effect for the DTMD.
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Chaudhari, Mr Rohit Kiran. "Non-Linear Time History Analysis of an Elevated Water Tank." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 4327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35939.
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It was discovered that reinforced concrete elevated water tanks with frame staging outperformed reinforced concrete elevated water tanks with shaft staging in terms of seismic resistance. These can be due to the frame staging's seismic energy absorption capability. As a result, the primary goal of this research is to better understand the seismic behavior and performance characteristics of elevated water tanks with frame staging. Furthermore, when compared to other shapes, circular tanks have the smallest surface area for a given tank size. As a result, the amount of material needed for a circular water tank is less than for other shapes. As a result, a circular water tank was chosen, and seismic analysis of elevated RC circular water tanks was carried out according to IITK-GSDMA guidelines, with the behavior of the water tank analysed for various parameters such as zone factor, soil condition, and different staging heights. SAP 2000 was used to determine the structure's modal characteristics (mode shapes and modal participation mass ratio).
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Shah, Dhara, and Jaimin Padia. "Seismic Evaluation of RC Building with Vertical Setbacks as per IS1893 (Part 1):2016." Proceedings of the 12th Structural Engineering Convention, SEC 2022: Themes 1-2 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2022): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.569.
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Earthquake forces are the least predictable and most devastating form of forces. These forces are not only responsible for loss of economy, property and material but possess a huge threat to lives of people as well. In past several years, severe damages to buildings and causalities have been witnessed due to these disastrous forces there by challenging the designing and construction authorities. Many buildings are designed with vertical setbacks due to architectural, functional or economic reasons wherein fewer stories in a building are wider than rest of the building. Such setbacks in buildings cause sudden jump in seismic forces at the level of discontinuity due to change in stiffness, mass and strength distribution along height. This might lead to torsion in the building under seismic forces. Structures incorporating vertical irregularities need to be studied for their behavioural aspects, identifying the weak links which might trigger the collapse. In the present study, effect of vertical geometric irregularities in a building is studied with respect to a regular building using equivalent static method and response spectrum method as per IS1893 (Part 1): 2016. The results obtained are compared in terms of displacements, storey drift, base shear, forces, modal time period, modal mass participation factor and % increase in structural members along with concrete quantity.
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Ghasemloonia, Ahmad, D. Geoff Rideout, and Stephen D. Butt. "Coupled transverse vibration modeling of drillstrings subjected to torque and spatially varying axial load." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 227, no. 5 (August 3, 2012): 946–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406212455126.
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Predicting and mitigating unwanted vibration of drillstrings is an important subject for oil drilling companies. Uncontrolled vibrations cause premature failure of the drillstring and associated components. The drillstring is a long slender structure that vibrates in three primary coupled modes: torsional, axial and transverse. Among these coupled modes, the transverse mode is the major cause of drillstring failures and wellbore washout. Modal analysis of drillstrings reveals critical frequencies and helps drillers to avoid running the bit near critical modes. In this article, the coupled orthogonal modes of transverse vibration of a drillstring in the presence of torque and spatially varying axial force (due to mud hydrostatic effect, self-weight and hook load) are derived and the mode shapes and natural frequencies are determined through the expanded Galerkin method. The results are verified by the nonlinear finite element method. Modal mass participation factor, which represents how strongly a specific mode contributes to the motion in a certain direction, is used to determine the appropriate number of modes to retain so that computational efficiency can be maximized.
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Yang, Pengchao, Songtao Xue, Liyu Xie, and Miao Cao. "Damping Estimation of an Eight-Story Steel Building Equipped with Oil Dampers." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 16, 2020): 8989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248989.
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The damping estimation of an eight-story steel building equipped with oil dampers is examined, carried out by adopting a proposed framework, which consists of an enhanced strain-energy method and an improved direct method for model updating. The building is located at Tohoku Institute of Technology and is equipped with a structural monitoring system that measures its seismic response, including floor acceleration and displacement and force of oil dampers. The enhanced strain-energy method is first developed and employed to assess the supplemental damping and stiffness provided by oil dampers, herein quantified in the form of equivalent damping ratios and natural frequencies. Then, modal characteristics extracted from the earthquake measurements are modified accordingly and utilized for the building model updating, in which mass and stiffness matrices are corrected by the improved direct method. The updated model accurately reproduces the target modal data, especially measured mode participation factors, and is further used for the building response predictions. Through prediction validations, the precision of the modified modal parameters is verified. Finally, a large earthquake event is chosen to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework for the damping estimation of the investigated building.
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Parihar, Abhyuday. "Modelling, FEA analysis and Optimization of Mono Composite Leaf Spring Using ANSYS." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): 2127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.39690.
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Abstract: Conventional leaf spring made up of conventional materials like plain carbon steel are heavy and add weight to vehicle which reduces mileage. This necessitates new material which is light in weight and could provide adequate strength to leaf spring along with higher strain energy absorption to absorb shocks. The current research is intended to study the structural and vibrational characteristics of leaf spring made of P100/6061 Al, P100/AZ 91C Mg and structural steel materials. The investigation is carried out using ANSYS FEA software. The FEA results have shown that P100/AZ/ 91C generated lower stresses as compared to P100/6061 Al and structural steel material. The modal analysis of leaf spring aided to determine mass participation factor and mode shapes corresponding to each frequency. Keywords: Leaf Spring, Energy Absorption, Structural Steel Materials, ANSYS FEA, Frequency.
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Gao, Bo, Zhihui Bai, and Yubo Song. "Optimal Three-Dimensional Sensor Placement for Cable-Stayed Bridge Based on Dynamic Adjustment of Attenuation Factor Gravitational Search Algorithm." Shock and Vibration 2021 (March 31, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6664188.
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Structural health monitoring (SHM) is essential when detecting damage in large and complex structures in order to provide a comprehensive assessment of the structural health state. Optimal sensor placement (OSP) is critical in the structural health monitoring system, which aims to use a limited number of sensors to obtain high-quality structural health diagnosis data. However, the current research mainly focuses on OSP for structures, without considering the values contributed by different modes to the bridge structure. In this article, an optimal sensor placement method based on initial sensor layout, using the dynamic adjustment of attenuation factor gravitational search algorithm (DGSA), is proposed. The effective modal mass participation ratio is introduced to ensure the validity of the initial data of optimal sensor placement. In view of the insufficient developmental ability of the gravitational search algorithm, the attenuation factor α adjusted dynamically aids the global search in the early iteration and the local fine search in the late iteration. The double coding method is used to apply the DGSA algorithm to OSP; taking cable-stayed bridges as an example, the feasibility of the algorithm is verified. The results show that the improved algorithm has a good optimization ability and can accurately and efficiently determine the optimal placement of sensors.
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mohiuddin, Syed Mohammed, Mohammed moiz, Mohammed khaja moinuddin, and Mohammed Tosif Ahmed. "DYNAMIC ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF MULTISTOREYED R.C STRUCTURAL FRAME WITH PILE FOUNDATION." International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering 8, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26562/ijirae.2021.v0806.001.
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The structure is presumed to be situated in seismic Zones II and V. The mathematical building model (F.E.M Model) of Whole building has been modelled in ETABS 16.2 All the beams and columns are modelled as frame elements. All the slabs are modelled as thin shell elements. To ascertain the seismic load on each floor level of whole structure two types of seismic analysis procedure have been considered as per IS1893-2002 and 2016. Equivalent static approach (linear Static method) and Response spectrum method (Linear Dynamic Method). Parameters considered to understand the seismic response of the multi-storeyed buildings are, Modal Mass participation factor, Modal time period, Lateral displacement, Storey drift, Storey shear of the structure. The whole structural systems are strengthen with vertical shear walls. SAFE (Slab analysis by Finite Element Method) is a software essentially made for analyse and designs of the slabs, since Pile Raft is also a slab therefore SAFE is the ultimate tool for it. Pile Caps have modelled as Slab with Thick plate Action, for base reactions Link between ETABS and SAFE have been used. The parameters consider for finalise the designs of piles and pile caps are, vertical settlement, Punching Shear stress under columns and shear walls and for piles as well. Flexural reinforcements are tabulated in both Longitudinal and transvers direction for the both the faces i.e. Top face and bottom. After all the study a comparison is made between the structure situated in Zone II and Zone V We had observed that when the seismic zones changes and the intensity of seismic forces increases, the design of foundation considerably changes and there is tremendous amount of increase in steel.
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Idehen, Esther E., Anni Virtanen, Eero Lilja, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen, Tellervo Korhonen, and Päivikki Koponen. "Cervical Cancer Screening Participation among Women of Russian, Somali, and Kurdish Origin Compared with the General Finnish Population: A Register-Based Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (October 28, 2020): 7899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217899.
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Migrant-origin women are less prone to cervical screening uptake compared with host populations. This study examined cervical cancer screening participation and factors associated with it in the Finnish mass screening program during 2008–2012 in women of Russian, Somali and Kurdish origin compared with the general Finnish population (Finns) in Finland. The study population consists of samples from the Finnish Migrant Health and Well-being Study 2010–2012 and Health 2011 Survey; aged 30–64 (n = 2579). Data from the Finnish screening register linked with other population-based registry data were utilized. For statistical analysis we employed logistic regression. Age-adjusted screening participation rates were Russians 63% (95% CI: 59.9–66.6), Somalis 19% (16.4–21.6), Kurds 69% (66.6–71.1), and Finns 67% (63.3–69.8). In the multiple-adjusted model with Finns as the reference; odds ratios for screening were among Russians 0.92 (0.74–1.16), Somalis 0.16 (0.11–0.22), and Kurds 1.37 (1.02–1.83). Among all women, the substantial factor for increased screening likelihood was hospital care related to pregnancy/birth 1.73 (1.27–2.35), gynecological 2.47 (1.65–3.68), or other reasons 1.53 (1.12–2.08). Screening participation was lower among students and retirees. In conclusion, screening among the migrant-origin women varies, being significantly lowest among Somalis compared with Finns. Efforts using culturally tailored/population-specific approaches may be beneficial in increasing screening participation among women of migrant-origin.
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Yi, YuMi, and Yeon-Hwan Park. "Structural equation model of the relationship between functional ability, mental health, and quality of life in older adults living alone." PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 3, 2022): e0269003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269003.
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Aims Living alone, a reality in an increasing number of older adults recently, is a risk factor for low quality of life. This study identified the predictors of quality of life in older adults living alone based on mental health and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. Methods This secondary data analysis used information from the 2018 Assessing the Requirements of Customized Health Care and Daily Living Support Services survey (N = 1,022), collected from adults aged ≥ 65 living alone in Siheung City, South Korea, from August to October 2018. The exogenous variables were body functions (hand grip strength, timed “up and go” test score, and body mass index), daily living activities (Korean Instrumental Activities of the Daily Living Scale), social activity participation (social activity engagement, neighbor contacts, and family contacts), and participation in economic activity (frequency). The endogenous variables were mental health (Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form—Korean Version and UCLA Loneliness Scale) and quality of life (EuroQoL-5 Dimension-3 Level and EuroQoL-Visual Analog Scale). Results After modifying the hypothetical model, which had failed to satisfy the recommended fitness level, the (modified) model had good fitness indices Q (CMIN / df) 2.90, GFI 1, AGFI 1, RMSEA 0.04, CFI 0.90 and PCFI 0.53. Of the nine pathways of the modified model, five were statistically significant. Quality of life was affected by body functions, daily living activities, social activity participation, and mental health. These variables explained 68.2% of the factors affecting quality of life. Conclusions By highlighting the role of mental health, this model provides a useful framework for improving the quality of life of older adults who live alone and function at various levels in the community. Focusing on advancing mental health through body functions, daily living activities, and social activity participation can improve quality of life.
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Lal, Prerna. "Analyzing the Factors Driving the Usage of Enterprise Social Network." International Journal of Social and Organizational Dynamics in IT 5, no. 2 (July 2016): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsodit.2016070102.
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Connectivity and networking benefits of social media platforms have motivated organizations to deploy similar model in an organizational setting in the form of Enterprise Social Network (ESN) with an objective to increase collaboration among employees. Further, ESN is considered more relevant in today's digital business environment where organizations have to deal with collaboration and communication challenges faced by teams that have members operating from different locations and time zones. Once the ESN is implemented the next challenge for the organization is to ensure the participation of employees and keeping them motivated to use ESN for interacting with their peers. This paper aims to elucidate the factors that influence employees' decision to use ESN in the context of Indian organizations. In this study, a conceptual model is developed on the theoretical grounding of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology theory, Technology-Organization-Environment framework, Social Capital theory and Critical Mass theory. This study proposes that employees' ESN usage behavior is driven by individual factors (i.e. perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment), organizational factors (i.e. top management support, facilitating conditions, and collaborative norms), as well as social factors (i.e. perception of the critical mass). Data was collected using questionnaire survey method. According to the data analysis of this study, all the six factors were found statistically significant. While, support from top management was identified as the most significant factor that encourages the use of ESN, followed by the perception of critical mass regarding the usage of ESN in an organization.
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Popova, N. V., and E. V. Popova. "VOLUNTEERING AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF MORAL STANDARDS AMONG YOUNG PEOPLE." Education and science journal 20, no. 10 (December 31, 2018): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2018-10-139-155.
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Introduction.Volunteering is a socially significant activity, which contributes to solving separate acute social issues and showing the best qualities of an individual – compassion, ability to sympathise and readiness to provide assistance to people in need. Through volunteering, a person achieves self-esteem and a feeling of his or her relevance and usefulness. Under the present circumstances, aspects of the study of volunteering and youth attitudes to this concept are especially relevant. Over the last decades, social transformations have occurred, leading to a reassessment of the value system, and, consequently, society has lost its moral compass. Participation in volunteering can become one of the effective factors in the formation of ethical standards and humanistic value orientations among young people.Theaimof the research was to investigate the educational potential of volunteering through studying the attitudes of young people.Methodology and research methods.The research was based on axiological and sociological approaches. In the course of the research, the following methods were used: review and synthesis of historical-philosophical and sociological literature, sociological group face-to-face surveys, and comparative analysis of statistical data. Results and scientific novelty.The authors justified the necessity for moral education of working youth through the involvement of young people in realizing charitable projects and organising philanthropic events. The authors highlighted the aspects of conducting charitable activities in one of the socially-oriented enterprises of the Urals – Sinarsky Pipe Plant. A questionnaire based survey conducted among young workers of that metal manufacturer revealed the fact of mass participation in various charitable activities (out of the sample seize of 180 young workers, 89% of respondents admitted their involvement in philanthropic activities). The respondents expressed interest in charitable projects and readiness to spend own time, energy and money for rendering disinterested targeted assistance to children with special needs and children with disabilities (56.3%), to elderly people living in difficult life situations (52.5%), to stray animals (50.0%), to children suffering from cancer (49.3%). It was concluded that charity work forms ethical standards at young people, and develops altruistic qualities such as disinterestedness and responsiveness, as well as civil consciousness.Practical significance.The research outcomes can be used when preparing, organising and holding charitable work with the aim of bringing up morally and ethically educated young workers, as well as students of educational institutions of different levels.
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Kleinstern, Geffen, Dirk Larson, Cristine Allmer, Aaron D. Norman, Jason P. Sinnwell, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Angela Dispenzieri, et al. "Body Mass Index and Clinical Factors Associated with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) Progression in Olmsted County, Minnesota." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-136894.
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Introduction Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a premalignant clonal disorder, which progresses at a rate of 1% per year to multiple myeloma (MM), or other plasma-cell or lymphoid disorders. MGUS is common and occurs in approximately 3% and 5% of persons 50 and 70 years of age or older, respectively. Clinical factors reported to be associated with MGUS progression include MGUS isotype, abnormal serum free light-chain ratio (FLCr), and high serum monoclonal protein (M protein) level (>=1.5 g per deciliter). Body mass index (BMI) has also been seen associated with MGUS progression, but has not been evaluated in context of established clinical prognostic factors. Here, we evaluate the contribution of BMI to MGUS progression beyond clinical prognostic factors in a population-based study and examine differential associations by sex. Methods We studied 594 patients residing in Olmsted County Minnesota, who were identified with MGUS in a screening study conducted between1995 through 2003. Patients with light-chain MGUS were not included. Patients were screened for M-protein [normal (<1.5 g/dl) or high (≥1.5 g/dl)], FLCr [normal (0.26-1.65) or abnormal (<0.26 and/or >1.65)], and isotype (IgG, IgM, IgA, bi-clonal). Follow-up time was calculated from date of MGUS screening to date of last follow-up, death, or progression to MM or another plasma-cell or lymphoid disorder. BMI (kg/m2) was calculated using height and weight values reported close to sample date (80% of patients within 2 years), and then categorized into BMI<25 and BMI≥25. We used Cox regression to estimate the association of BMI with risk of MGUS progression to MM or another plasma-cell or lymphoid disorder, univariately, and accounting for clinical factors. Analyses were also stratified by sex. We report hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Of the 594 patients, 51% were male, and the median age at screening date was 73 (range:50-98 years). The immunoglobulin type was IgG in 71% of patients, IgM in 17%, IgA in 10%, and bi-clonal in 2%. High M protein level was observed in 22% and abnormal FLCr in 28%. BMI≥25 was observed in 67% of patients. The median follow-up time was 10.5 years (range:0-25). Over a median of 6,846 person-years, 465 patients (78%) died and 57 patients progressed and developed MM (N=39), amyloidosis (N=8), lymphoma (N=5), or Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (N=5). The overall rate of progression was 0.87 events (CI:0.67-1.12) per 100 person-years, and higher among males (1.01, CI:0.73-1.42) than in females (0.72, CI:0.48-1.08), however, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.24). In univariate analyses, BMI≥25 (HR=2.14, CI:1.05-4.36, P=0.04), non-IgG isotype (HR=2.84, CI:1.68-4.80, P=0.0001), high M protein (HR=2.57, CI: 1.50-4.42, P=0.001), and abnormal FLCr (HR=3.39, CI:1.98-5.82, P<0.0001) were associated with increased risk of progression (Table 1.A). These four factors were independently associated with MGUS progression in a multivariable model, with a c-statistic=0.75 (CI:0.68-0.82). When stratifying by sex, associations of BMI with progression were stronger among females than males (Table 1.B) [c-statistic=0.81 (CI:0.72-0.90) vs 0.71 (CI:0.60-0.82) for females vs. males respectively], however, a test for interaction between BMI and sex was not statistically significant (P=0.15). Conclusions In this study we found evidence that high BMI is a prognostic factor independent of isotype, M protein, and FLC ratio in the full cohort, however, this was mainly driven by the effect in females rather than males. Future studies should further investigate sex differences in evaluating prognostic factors among MGUS patients. Disclosures Dispenzieri: Intellia: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding; Alnylam: Research Funding; Takeda: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding. Kumar:Genentech/Roche: Other: Research funding for clinical trials to the institution, Consulting/Advisory Board participation with no personal payments; Cellectar: Other; Kite Pharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; Tenebio: Other, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Karyopharm: Consultancy; MedImmune: Research Funding; Sanofi: Research Funding; Celgene/BMS: Other: Research funding for clinical trials to the institution, Consulting/Advisory Board participation with no personal payments; Janssen Oncology: Other: Research funding for clinical trials to the institution, Consulting/Advisory Board participation with no personal payments; Amgen: Consultancy, Other: Research funding for clinical trials to the institution, Consulting/Advisory Board participation with no personal payments, Research Funding; Merck: Consultancy, Research Funding; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Consultancy; Genecentrix: Consultancy; Takeda: Other: Research funding for clinical trials to the institution, Consulting/Advisory Board participation with no personal payments; Dr. Reddy's Laboratories: Honoraria; AbbVie: Other: Research funding for clinical trials to the institution, Consulting/Advisory Board participation with no personal payments; Novartis: Research Funding; Carsgen: Other, Research Funding; Oncopeptides: Consultancy, Other: Independent Review Committee; IRC member.
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Han, Jung Taek, and Seo Yeon Kim. "Debunking myths about oil: A case study of oil subsidies." International Area Studies Review 22, no. 2 (April 5, 2019): 186–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2233865919838435.
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Despite increasing demands for the reform of oil subsidies, the United States government fails to enact substantial reform policies on the issue. The paper visits the biggest unresolved cleavage in the environmental policy literature where there have been no attempts to quantitatively assess the influence of lobbying and mass participation on the policy-making process. It thus attempts to quantify and examine various factors behind legislators’ votes, and the results are hard to square with a pure lobbying model. While the role of lobbying is certainly not ruled out of the explanatory model per se, this paper observed that congressional preferences may instead also be driven by the voter perception towards environmental regulation in each state. The thrust of the argument is that lobbying, while being a decisive factor, may not be the only one influencing legislators’ decisions for the oil subsidy reform bills. This study hypothesizes that the exchange model theory might not fully provide an explanation of why oil subsidies continuously fall through. It suggests that oil politics may instead follow the neo-pluralist model: While lobbying is an important factor in voting results, legislators are mindful of voters’ perspectives in spite of the fact that they are unorganized—and that they might in fact be even more powerful determinants than the lobby variable.
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Rondanina, Gabriella, Matteo Puntoni, Gianluca Severi, Clara Varricchio, Anna Zunino, Irene Feroce, Bernardo Bonanni, and Andrea Decensi. "Psychological and Clinical Factors Implicated in Decision Making About a Trial of Low-Dose Tamoxifen in Hormone Replacement Therapy Users." Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, no. 9 (March 20, 2008): 1537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.13.6739.
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Purpose To assess the sociodemographic, health-related, and psychological factors that influence the decision of women on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to participate in a phase III trial of low-dose tamoxifen. Patients and Methods Clinical and psychological factors were assessed in 265 women who accepted and 192 women who refused to participate in a proposed trial. Health-related and sociodemographic factors included age, Gail risk, body mass index, education, current HRT use, regular mammographic screening, smoking habit, physical activity, alcohol use, concern about adverse effects, and physician recommendation. Psychological factors included breast cancer–related worry, absolute and comparative cancer risk perception, anxiety, and depression. Results The most frequent reasons for entry were willingness to participate in a research program (60%), the need/desire to receive frequent medical care (58%), and the desire to contribute to medical knowledge (44%); whereas reasons for refusal included fear of medication abuse (33%), concern about adverse effects (31%), and physician advice against enrollment (24%). In a logistic model, after adjusting for current HRT use, the trial participation was directly associated with satisfaction with clearly explained study objectives (odds ratio [OR] = 9.33; 95% CI, 4.04 to 21.55) and inversely associated with high breast cancer worry (OR = 0.15; 95% CI, 0.03 to 0.77) and age ≥ 60 years (OR = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.73). Conclusion Participation in a chemoprevention trial among HRT users is associated with a younger age, no breast cancer worry, and satisfaction with health care providers, suggesting a condition of psychological well-being as a promoting factor and emphasizing the importance of thorough counseling at study presentation.
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Qiu, Yikun, Changdong Zhou, Siha A, and Guangwei Zhang. "A spectral-acceleration-based combination-type earthquake intensity measure for high-rise stack-like structures." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 7 (December 23, 2019): 1350–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433219894237.
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Ground motion intensity measures are of great importance for the seismic design of structures. A well-chosen intensity measure will reduce the detailed ground motion record selection effort for the nonlinear dynamic structural analyses. In this article, a spectral-acceleration-based combination-type earthquake intensity measure is presented. This intensity measure considers the higher modes effect and period elongation effect due to nonlinear deformation at the same time. The modal mass participation factors are determined to take weighting coefficients and the product of elastic first-mode period T1 and a constant C is expressed to represent the elongated period. Therefore, the proposed intensity measure is a combination of earthquake ground motion characteristics, elastic structural responses, higher modes participation, and the period elongation effect due to inelastic structural behaviors. Four three-dimensional models of reinforced concrete stack-like structures including a 240 m-high chimney, a 180 m-high chimney, a 120 m-high chimney, and a 42.3 m-high water tower are established and analyzed in ABAQUS to investigate the correlation between the intensity measure and the maximum curvatures under 44 far-field ground motions and 28 near-fault ground motions with a pulse-like effect. With the optimal vibration modes and the proper period elongation coefficient, the efficiency of the introduced intensity measure is compared with the other 15 intensity measures. The results indicate that the proposed intensity measure is believed to be a good choice for high-rise stack-like structures, especially under the near-fault ground motions with pulse-like effect.
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Wilkerson, Gary B., and Marisa A. Colston. "A Refined Prediction Model for Core and Lower Extremity Sprains and Strains Among Collegiate Football Players." Journal of Athletic Training 50, no. 6 (June 1, 2015): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-50.2.04.
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Context Researchers have identified high exposure to game conditions, low back dysfunction, and poor endurance of the core musculature as strong predictors for the occurrence of sprains and strains among collegiate football players. Objective To refine a previously developed injury-prediction model through analysis of 3 consecutive seasons of data. Design Cohort study. Setting National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Football Championship Subdivision football program. Patients or Other Participants For 3 consecutive years, all 152 team members (age = 19.7 ± 1.5 years, height = 1.84 ± 0.08 m, mass = 101.08 ± 19.28 kg) presented for a mandatory physical examination on the day before initiation of preseason practice sessions. Main Outcome Measure(s) Associations between preseason measurements and the subsequent occurrence of a core or lower extremity sprain or strain were established for 256 player-seasons of data. We used receiver operating characteristic analysis to identify optimal cut points for dichotomous categorizations of cases as high risk or low risk. Both logistic regression and Cox regression analyses were used to identify a multivariable injury-prediction model with optimal discriminatory power. Results Exceptionally good discrimination between injured and uninjured cases was found for a 3-factor prediction model that included equal to or greater than 1 game as a starter, Oswestry Disability Index score equal to or greater than 4, and poor wall-sit–hold performance. The existence of at least 2 of the 3 risk factors demonstrated 56% sensitivity, 80% specificity, an odds ratio of 5.28 (90% confidence interval = 3.31, 8.44), and a hazard ratio of 2.97 (90% confidence interval = 2.14, 4.12). Conclusions High exposure to game conditions was the dominant injury risk factor for collegiate football players, but a surprisingly mild degree of low back dysfunction and poor core-muscle endurance appeared to be important modifiable risk factors that should be identified and addressed before participation.
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Finkler, Yuri. "Communication models of media and social networks’ collaboration." Proceedings of Research and Scientific Institute for Periodicals, no. 9(27) (2019): 304–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37222/2524-0331-2019-9(27)-19.
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Social networking content is characterized by many different aspects that may be of interest to a researcher (e.g., the terminology used in social networks appearing as some content delivery model). However, from the point of view of communicative expediency, we will be interested in the communicative aspect of the circulation of social networks: content creation, message structuring, a specificity of perception of this message by network members, and features of expansion and growth of content. This article aims to elucidate the interconnection and interdependence of traditional media and social networks. To accomplish this, its objectives are: 1) to identify the commonality and difference of content inherent in traditional media and social networks; 2) to understand the structure of the newest audiences formed as a result of the converged communication product; 3) to formulate features of «design» of social networks with the participation of media. The object of the article is the collaboration between media and social networks. The subject of the article is communication models of such collaboration. The methodology of the study is based on the use of general research methods of studying the specificity of the analysis of social and communication phenomena. For media, the phenomenon of participation in social networks means multiplication: not to be present in any network platform — the problem is not social, but of worldview. We argue that participation in the social network is no longer a matter of mediation between the audience and the media, but direct involvement in the life of the audience, adherence to the globalism factor, profile coordination of content. Platforms such as Twitter or Facebook become communications net works with participating citizens from anywhere on the planet. These platforms transform them into a network of employees who, by becoming the so-called «citizen journalists», collaborate with professional media. Moreover, they become authors creating new forms, modes and ways of mass communication: newest slang, content, meanings and so on. Therefore, the phenomenon of social networks guarantees the participating media a social and communication «multiplication». Such participation drives the needs, opinions, and desires of both network members and the audience as a new journalism mission-focused not on the truth for the audience but on the audience as a factor in evaluating the truth. We conclude that society’s progress cannot be made without the process of transforming the structures of the social-communication system and the relations between the participants within that system. Moreover, this progress should take place not so much in the spheres of production, distribution, and consumption of social-communication products as within the influence of the results of social networking activities on the measurement of the behavior of members of society. It is a kind of «design» of social networks. The role of designers in the design of such social networking design is to contribute to the new communication reality. We introduce the term «social network designers». Those carry out the design, planning, step-by-step steps of implementation and calculation of the effectiveness of social-network projects. They must adapt their way of work to the dynamic conditions of functioning of social networks, dynamically optimize their ability to respond to those new ones created by these dynamics. Keywords: communications, content, journalism, internet, media, social network.
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Ozhiganova, Marina, Anastasia Kalita, and Yevgeny Tishchenko. "Building Adaptive Information Security Systems." NBI Technologies, no. 4 (February 2020): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/nbit.jvolsu.2019.4.2.
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Over the past few decades, there has been a tendency to minimize the participation of the human factor in various production and other processes. This process is implemented through the mass introduction of automated systems (as). Human-machine complexes are currently the most common and productive model of activity. At the current stage of technology development, the process of automating human activity is only an intermediate link on the way to eliminating human intervention. This area is most relevant for systems that pose a potential and real threat to human health and life (for example, manufacturing plants) or systems that are threatened by humans (for example, transport systems). The second group includes the sphere of information security. The paper considers the basics of the organization of adaptive information protection systems, their application areas for information protection and methods of building models of adaptive information protection systems in the context of their application for protection against leakage through technical channels. The authors propose a generalized model of the adaptive information protection system against leakage through technical channels.
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Shareef, Mohammed Sanaullah, Khaja Musab Manzoor, and Mohammed Muqeem. "Dynamic Analysis of High-Rise Structures with Outrigger Structural System Subjected To Lateral Loads." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1026, no. 1 (May 1, 2022): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1026/1/012010.
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Abstract In this age of urban development and rapid modernization the need of high-rise structures is rapidly increasing as buildings have gotten taller and narrower, the structural engineering has been increasingly challenged to meet the desired stability requirements. In tall buildings, stiffness is the key to sustainability, among various types of structural systems available for tall buildings, outrigger system is one of the majorly used efficient system. The present study aims to identify the efficiency of outrigger shear walls and to find out the optimum position of outriggers in high rise structures under lateral loads. The outrigger systems are required to have additional stiffness and adequate damping, by which outrigger can be used as a structural fuse to protect the building under severe earthquake and wind conditions. This research work aims to study the dynamic analysis of high-rise structures with outrigger structural system, for this research two regular buildings of 36 & 50 storeys situated in seismic zone V having a constant area of 900sqm(30mx30m) with a typical storey height of 3m were analysed using ETABS 2018. Optimum position of outrigger is determined by considering 8 models in which positions of outriggers is varied along the building height. Response spectrum analysis is carried out to evaluate the performance of structure for earthquake loads and the Gust factor method is used for the dynamic analysis of wind loads. Parameters such as Modal Mass Participation, Base Shears, Storey Displacements, Storey Drift, Time-periods, and acceleration are compared. Upon comparison it was found that among all 36 storey models outriggers placed at extreme ends performed better than other models and among all 50 storey models’ outriggers placed at regular intervals has performed better to all other models.
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Kalita, Anastasia, Marina Ozhiganova, and Evgeny Tishchenko. "Basics of Adaptive Information Security Systems." NBI Technologies, no. 1 (August 2019): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/nbit.jvolsu.2019.1.2.
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Over the past few decades, there has been a tendency to minimize the participation of the human factor in various production and other processes. This process is implemented through the mass introduction of automated systems. Man-machine complexes are currently the most common and productive model of activity. At the current stage of technology development, the process of human activity automation is only an intermediate link on the way to excluding human intervention. This direction is the most relevant for systems that have a potential and real threat to human health and life (for example, manufacturing plants) or systems that are threatened by a person (for example, transport systems). The second group includes the sphere of information security. There is a need to move to the next level of excluding the human factor – introducing adaptive systems that will transfer the process of information protection in a completely different plane. The organization of adaptive information security systems is based on applying existing methods of adaptation from other areas of scientific knowledge in relation to information security issues. Features of such application of the generalized principles of adaptation reflect the specifics of the subject area without violating generally accepted norms. This article discusses the general principles of adaptive systems. It investigates the existing approaches to the organization of adaptive information security systems as well.
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Wang, X. L., Hui Liu, and Hai Bo Li. "Dynamic Characteristics and Mode Selection of High Tower." Advanced Materials Research 33-37 (March 2008): 1201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.33-37.1201.
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The dynamic characteristics of a TV tower with 610m in height is actively analyzed by using commercial package ANSYS in this study. The mode selection is carried out by determining the modal mass participation ratio. The observations made based on numerical investigation demonstrate that the natural frequencies of the high rise unsymmetrical tower are substantially close and the modal displacement of the antenna is much larger than that of the major tower. In order to select the major mode shapes, the modal mass participation ratios of the first 30 modes are calculated and at least first 10 mode shapes should be considered when investigating the seismic responses. It is seen that the mode shapes whose vibration directions are paralleled to the short axis of the elliptical core tube are critical to the structural seismic responses. In this direction, the mass participation ratios of the first three mode shapes add up to 0.63, the 10 modes, the sum of whose modal participation ratio is 0.8184, are selected in order. Therefore, at least 10 modes should be involved in the analysis of structural seismic responses.
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Hwang, Jae-Seung, Hongjin Kim, and Bong-Ho Cho. "Modal Parameters Estimation of Building Structures from Vibration Test Data Using Observability Measurement." Shock and Vibration 2015 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/627852.
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The load distribution to each mode of a structure under seismic loading depends on the modal participation factors and mode shapes and thus the exact estimation of modal participation factors and mode shapes is essential to analyze the seismic response of a structure. In this study, an identification procedure for modal participation factors and mode shapes from a vibration test is proposed. The modal participation factors and mode shapes are obtained from the relationship between observability matrices realized from the system identification. Using the observability matrices, it is possible to transform an arbitrarily identified state space model obtained from the experimental data into a state space model which is defined in a domain with physical meaning. Then, the modal participation factor can be estimated based on the transformation matrix between two state space models. The numerical simulation is performed to evaluate the proposed procedure, and the results show that the modal participation factor and mode shapes are estimated from the structural responses accurately. The procedure is also applied to the experimental data obtained from the shaking table test of a three-story shear building model.
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Wickramasinghe, Wasanthi R., David P. Thambiratnam, and Tommy H. T. Chan. "Influence of Modal Mass Participation in Damage Detection of Cable Structures." Structural Engineering International 26, no. 4 (November 2016): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/101686616x14555429844004.
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Banerjee, Debargha, Debasish Das, Uddipta Ghosh, Dina Debnath, Santanu Debnath, Snehasish Malakar, Ratnadwipa Das, Sanjoy Datta, and Syed Ealham Hossain. "Response Spectrum Analysis of a RC Building Based on Complete Quadratic Combination (CQC) Method." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1084, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1084/1/012080.
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Abstract In the realm of structural design, Seismic Analysis is crucial. Many structures have collapsed because of earthquakes; as a result of numerous studies, different methods for analysing and determining vibration modes of a structure have been created. Seismic analysis can be done in two ways: static analysis and dynamic analysis. The basic mode of vibration dominates the response in the static technique of seismic analysis, and the mass and stiffness of the structures are evenly distributed, resulting in a regular shape, however this assumption fails for irregular buildings. As a result, dynamic methods are used to solve this issue. Response spectrum is one such dynamic method that is relatively simple to utilize compared to others. The benefit of employing the seismic response spectrum method is that it aids in the prediction of displacement and member forces in structural systems. As a result, this method aids in determining peak structural responses within a linear range, which can then be used to calculate lateral forces created in structures due to earthquakes, allowing for more earthquake-resistant building design. Although this method is approximate, it is a cost-effective and beneficial method for preliminary design research. The response spectrum method is used on STAAD.PRO V8i software to design a G+4 residential structure in our study. The building’s measurements are 16 meters long, 12 meters wide and 15 meters tall. The foundation was built to a depth of 1.5 meters. The structure was built to withstand earthquakes in seismic zone III on medium-density soil. Dead load (IS 875 Part I), Live load (IS 875 Part II), Seismic Load (IS 1893 Part I), and Wind Load are some of the load instances that were presented based on Indian Standard code (IS 875 Part III). To acquire the best response, the response spectrum modal combination Complete Quadratic Combination (CQC) is used. Various parameters like wind intensity, seismic parameters, dynamic weight, modal participation factors, base shear and peak storey shear are calculated. Base shear and peak storey shear are found to maximum in Mode 2 and between 5th and 6th respectively.
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Eltaher, Mohamed A., T. A. Almalki, K. H. Almitani, and K. I. E. Ahmed. "Participation Factor and Vibration of Carbon Nanotube with Vacancies." Journal of Nano Research 57 (April 2019): 158–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.57.158.
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In this paper the finite element simulation is exploited to investigate dynamical behaviors of perfect and defected Single Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT). The natural frequencies, mode shapes and modal participation factors those not be considered elsewhere, are consider through this analysis. Energy equivalent model is adopted to find a linkage between the energy stored in chemical atomic bonds and potential energy stored in mechanical beam structure. Nanotube software modeler is used to generate a geometry of SWCNT structure by defining its chiral angle, length of nanotube and bond distance between two carbon atoms. The whole tube of SWCNT is simulated as cage and bonds between each two atoms are represented by beam (A BEAM 188) with circular cross section, and carbon atoms as nodes. Numerical results are presented to show the fundamental frequencies and modal participation factors of SWCNTs. The effect of vacancies on activation and deactivation of vibration modes are illustrated. During manufacturing of SWCNTs, atoms may be not perfectly bonded with adjacent and some vacancies may be found, so this defect is considered in this study.
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Qiu, Ju, Wei Lian, Huaxiang Rao, Caiyun Wang, Tengteng Luo, and Jiali Tang. "Localization of Vibration Weak Position of Composites Based on Weighted Modal Strain Energy Summation." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 11 (October 31, 2022): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6110324.
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In this paper, two typical examples are used to illustrate the weak position of aircraft structure in the process of vibration. Through the modal analysis of the typical composite plate and I-shaped beam, the first 20-order modal strain energy of the plate is extracted, which is difficult to locate the weak spot due to the highly scattered location of the higher modal strain energy. The modal participation factor is introduced as the weight factor of the summation of the modal strain energy. The modal participation factor is large, the weighting factor is large, and the high modal strain energy of the composite plate moves diagonally in the 45° direction of the composite plate and the high strain energy region is consistent with the previous modes of the plate. This is the result of the weak in-plane shear stiffness of the composite panel, which shows the effectiveness of the mode weighted summation method. The I-shaped composite beam uses the modal strain energy summation of the weight factor, and the higher modal strain energy is concentrated on the middle part of the beam and at 1/4 and 3/4 of it. Therefore, the weak part of the vibration can be clearly identified. The higher modal strain energy is extracted by the method proposed to this paper, which can be used as a reference to structural design and dynamic on-line monitoring.
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Zwierko, Teresa, Anna Nowakowska, Wojciech Jedziniak, Marek Popowczak, Jarosław Domaradzki, Joanna Kubaszewska, Mariusz Kaczmarczyk, and Andrzej Ciechanowicz. "Contributing Factors to Sensorimotor Adaptability in Reactive Agility Performance in Youth Athletes." Journal of Human Kinetics 83, no. 1 (August 23, 2022): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2022-0067.
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Abstract Sensorimotor adaptability facilitates adjusting behaviour for changing environmental stimuli to maintain appropriate goal-directed motor performance. Its effectiveness is associated with perceptual-cognitive modulation. As the factors affecting it are still not completely known, the aim of our study was therefore to analyse the association between selected variables (demographic, training, anthropometric, genetic) and sensorimotor adaptation in reactive agility tasks in youth team-sport athletes. The study group consisted of 85 youth athletes (aged 12.61 ± 0.98 years). Based on an initial evaluation, participants were divided into faster and slower agility groups. The resultant differences between change of direction speed tests and reactive agility tests provided the REAC-INDEX as a dependent variable. The independent variables were as follows: gender, calendar age, body mass, height, BMI, maturity offset, training status and the BDNF rs6265 polymorphism. Multiple linear regression showed that the maturity offset (ß = 0.269; p = 0.012) and calendar age (ß = -0.411; p < 0.001) significantly contributed to the REAC-INDEX of all participants (R2 = 0.13). In the slower group, the c.196G BDNF allele had a significant influence (ß = -0.140; p = 0.044) on the REAC-INDEX. The best predictive model comprised female gender (ß = 0.799; p < 0.001), maturity offset (ß = -0.586; p < 0.001) and training experience (ß = -0.225; p = 0.009), contributing to 49% of RA variance. Sensorimotor adaptability is mainly dependent on gender and age, and can be improved through systematic sports training. The BDNF rs6265 polymorphism may be considered a contributing factor to SA variability in the initial stages of training, although polymorphism-related differences blurred as the effect of participation in sports training increased.
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Wu, Fu Xia, Jian Rong Gong, Jun Xie, and Ying Jun Wu. "Study on the Optimum Location of PSS in Power Systems." Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (December 2014): 892–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.892.
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Power system stabilizer in a power system is a closed-loop controller. The conventional participation factor method just considers the effect of PSS input signal. When the system stress is heavier, it may give misleading results. Based on the participation factor of modal analysis, an integrative participation factor is proposed to determine the optimum PSS location. The integrative participation factor takes into account both the input and control effect of PSS controllers. The case studied in 2-area 4-generator power system power system confirms that the integrative participation factor is more reasonable and effective than the participation factor method.
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Adewole, Adeyemi Charles, and Raynitchka Tzoneva. "Modal Participation Factor-Constrained Optimal PMU Placement in Power System Networks." International Review of Electrical Engineering (IREE) 9, no. 4 (August 31, 2014): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/iree.v9i4.881.
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Schwarz, Sandra, Pragya Singh, Johanna D. Robertson, Michele LeRoux, Shawn J. Skerrett, David R. Goodlett, T. Eoin West, and Joseph D. Mougous. "VgrG-5 Is a Burkholderia Type VI Secretion System-Exported Protein Required for Multinucleated Giant Cell Formation and Virulence." Infection and Immunity 82, no. 4 (January 22, 2014): 1445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01368-13.
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ABSTRACTThe type VI secretion system (T6SS) has emerged as a critical virulence factor for the group of closely relatedBurkholderiaspp. that includesBurkholderia pseudomallei,B. mallei, andB. thailandensis. While the genomes of these bacteria, referred to as the Bptm group, appear to encode several T6SSs, we and others have shown that one of these, type VI secretion system 5 (T6SS-5), is required for virulence in mammalian infection models. Despite its pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the Bptm group, the effector repertoire of T6SS-5 has remained elusive. Here we used quantitative mass spectrometry to compare the secretome of wild-typeB. thailandensisto that of a mutant harboring a nonfunctional T6SS-5. This analysis identified VgrG-5 as a novel secreted protein whose export depends on T6SS-5 function. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that VgrG-5 is a specialized VgrG protein that harbors a C-terminal domain (CTD) conserved among Bptm group species. We found that avgrG-5ΔCTD mutant is avirulent in mice and is unable to stimulate the fusion of host cells, a hallmark of the Bptm group previously shown to require T6SS-5 function. The singularity of VgrG-5 as a detected T6SS-5 substrate, taken together with the essentiality of its CTD for virulence, suggests that the protein is critical for the effector activity of T6SS-5. Intriguingly, we show that unlike the bacterial-cell-targeting T6SSs characterized so far, T6SS-5 localizes to the bacterial cell pole. We propose a model whereby the CTD of VgrG-5—, propelled by T6SS-5—, plays a key role in inducing membrane fusion, either by the recruitment of other factors or by direct participation.
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Reynolds, Megan M., Melanie Beagley, Ashley M. Fox, Ming Wen, Michael W. Varner, and Ken R. Smith. "2262 Is less more? Examining the relationship between food assistance generosity and childhood obesity." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 2, S1 (June 2018): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2018.290.
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OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: In combination with 3 waves of individual-level data on children age 5–18 from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we exploit exogenous variation at the level of the state to determine whether SNAP generosity modifies the effect of SNAP participation on overweight/obesity status. We do so using a newly created and powerful data set including information on state-level SNAP generosity between the years 1996 to 2011. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Data and sample. We drew individual-level data from the Child Development Supplements of the Panel of Income Dynamics (PSID), a nationally representative longitudinal study gathering data since 1968 on US individuals and the families in which they reside. Aged 0–12 years in 1997, these children of PSID sample members were surveyed roughly every 5 years through 2007. The total number of observations over the study period is just over 8093, representing 3563 children. We drew state-level data from the State Welfare Generosity Index. This is a decomposable index of State welfare generosity capturing state policy variation across 4 programs (TANF, SNAP, Unemployment Insurance and Medicaid/CHIP) and 2 dimensions (eligibility requirements and benefit levels). Measures. Child weight status was determined using the Center for Disease Control (CDC) body mass index (BMI)-for-age gender-specific growth charts: underweight (BMI <5th percentile), healthy weight (BMI >5th percentile and BMI <85th percentile), overweight (BMI >85th percentile and BMI <95th percentile) or obese (BMI >95th percentile). From this, we constructed an indicator for overweight/obese Versus normal or underweight status. SNAP participation is a dichotomous indicator based on the head-of-households or their spouses reported receipt of SNAP benefits during the previous calendar year from the interview. SNAP generosity is scored on a scale of 0–100, with more generous states receiving higher scores than less generous states. Covariates include sex, race, age, head-of-household years of education and a continuous measure of household income adjusted for family size. Estimation techniques. We merged the child, parent/caregiver, family and main PSID files to obtain the most comprehensive data on each sample child. We first generated, descriptive statistics for the Wave 1 sample of 3563 children. We then present the mean, standard deviation and the ratio of the 2 (coefficient of variation) for state-level variables. We present χ2 tests of difference for non-SNAP compared to SNAP participants in terms of overweight/obesity, and pairwise correlation coefficients among the 3 state-level variables. Next, we conducted a series of simple and multivariate logistic regressions estimating the odds of being overweight or obese. As we are assessing the risk of adverse weight status, those of normal or underweight status are the reference group for all regression analysis. Because height and weight reports are known to be unreliable below the age of 5, regression analyses impose an age restriction of greater than 5 years old. We include adjustment for the clustered nature of data. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The individual-level statistics indicate that roughly one-third of the CDS sample is overweight or obese at Wave I in 1997. About a fifth of them live in families receiving SNAP. The mean SNAP generosity score is 10 on a possible range of 0 to 1 (observed range of 0.037 to 0.290 not shown). Variation across state-years is greatest for the SNAP participation variable, as reflected by the coefficient of variation. In the period 1997–2007, the proportion of children who are overweight or obese is 5% higher among those in families receiving SNAP program benefits than among those in families not receiving SNAP benefits. Similarly, SNAP participation is positively, moderately and significantly (with an α of 0.05) correlated with overweight/obesity. Examines the relationship between overweight/obesity and the SNAP measures using individual-level data on overweight/obesity and SNAP participation and state-level data on SNAP generosity. Model 1 estimates and exponentiates the log odds of overweight/obesity based on individual-level SNAP participation. Model 2 does the same using state-level SNAP generosity as the predictor. Results indicate that both variables are positively associated with a child’s chance of being overweight/obese. But only in the case of SNAP participation is the SNAP variable statistically significant. Children living in families receiving SNAP benefits are more likely to be overweight/obese by a factor of 1.23. A set of potential confounders to the analysis and tests for interaction effects between SNAP participation and SNAP generosity (Model 3). Controlling for a variety of demographic and socio-economic factors, the positive effect of SNAP participation on overweight/obesity is rendered negative. The nonsignificant effect of SNAP generosity remains. In Model 3, the interaction effect for SNAP participation and generosity is positive and marginally significant. This suggests that the generosity of benefits changes the basic relationship between SNAP participation and overweight/obesity among children in families receiving benefits. To help convey the meaning of this coefficient, we generated marginal effects of SNAP participation based on SNAP generosity, setting all covariates equal to their means. This figure shows a small negative effect of SNAP participation at the lowest levels of generosity (a score of around 4, the sample minimum). This negative effect crosses 0 at a score of around 12, then becomes positive. The magnitude of the positive effect grows up to the sample max (index=28), although with widening confidence intervals. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The focal interest of this study lies in the potential interaction effect between SNAP generosity and SNAP participation on overweight/obesity. Although the effects were only marginally significant, we find that SNAP generosity does interact with SNAP participation. More specifically, the effects of SNAP participation appear negative at lower levels of generosity, becoming positive as generosity scores exceed the sample mean (index=10). In other words, state-level SNAP generosity appears to exacerbate the adverse effects of SNAP participation on overweight/obesity. Although we submit that our current findings contribute to the literature on the SNAP-health link, we intend to strengthen our analysis in several ways. First, we will fit models that exploit the strengths of the PSID and the welfare generosity index in terms of causal inference. We will use fixed effects models to control not only for potential unobserved confounders related to the child but also observable baseline characteristics. Leveraging the fact that PSID samples up to 2 children from each family, we will further refine our estimates towards a causal interpretation with the use of sibling fixed effects, in which we additional account for unmeasured time-invariant family-level variables that encapsulate a variety of factors including learned behaviors, cultural influences, genetic predispositions that contribute to child health outcomes. Second, research has clearly shown that compared with higher-SES individuals, lower-SES individuals have higher BMI regardless of welfare program participation. These selection effects are addressed somewhat by the PSID’s intentional over-representation of low-income individuals. But we can much more convincingly address these potential problems with endogeneity by refining our analyses to compare SNAP participants to SNAP-eligible nonparticipants, thereby isolating the effect of the SNAP “treatment.” Lastly, we intend to include a wide array of state-level covariates that may be related to our independent and dependent variables of interest, such as poverty rate, unemployment rate, and racial/ethnic composition.
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Park, Saengryeol, So-Youn Park, Su Yeon Jang, Gapjin Oh, and In-Hwan Oh. "The Neglected Role of Physical Education Participation on Suicidal Ideation and Stress in High School Adolescents from South Korea." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8 (April 20, 2020): 2838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082838.
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Adolescents are at high risk of suicidal ideation and stress. This study aimed to investigate how physical education participation predicts suicidal ideation and stress in South Korean high school students. Data from the Twelfth Korea Youth Risk Behaviour Web-Based Survey 2016 (KYRBS) were used for analyses. Two multiple logistic regressions were performed to determine the influence of selected factors on suicidal ideation and stress (model 1: subjective health, social support, body mass index, academic achievement, perceived economic status of family, and physical education participation; model 2: adjusting for school type and year). Model 2 revealed negative associations between subjective health, academic achievement, perceived economic status of family, social support, physical education participation (≥2 times/weekly), and suicidal ideation for male students. Female students exhibited negative associations between subjective health, social support, and academic achievement, along with a positive association between body mass index and suicidal ideation. For both genders, stress was negatively associated with subjective health, social support, academic achievement, perceived economic status of family, and physical education participation (≥2 times/weekly). These findings suggest that participating in physical education can mitigate the risk of suicidal ideation and stress among high school students.
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Ji, Shu, and Jun Li. "Evaluation of the Motivation Status of Enterprises and Higher Vocational Schools Participating in Modern Apprenticeship and Its Key Influencing Factors Based on Artificial Neural Network." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 16, no. 08 (April 23, 2021): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v16i08.22133.
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During the reform of talent training mode, higher vocational schools must promote and apply modern apprenticeship to meet the needs of intelligent manufacturing. However, most enterprises and schools differ greatly in the participation enthusiasm and implementation motivation for modern apprenticeship. To enhance the participation motivation, it is critical to correctly evaluate the motivation status of enterprises and schools participating in modern apprenticeship, and analyze its key influencing factors. For this reason, this paper employs the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to evaluate such motivation status. Firstly, a Modern Apprenticeship Motivation Status (MAMS) evaluation model was established, along with its evaluation index system (EIS). Then, differences in the motivation status were compared from seven aspects. After that, an improved backpropagation (BP) neural network was built to construct and optimize the MAMS prediction model. Finally, the constructed model was proved valid through experiments.
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Camponovo, Giovanni, Anna Picco-Schwendener, and Lorenzo Cantoni. "Motivations and Barriers for Participation in a Hybrid Wireless Community." International Journal of Technology Diffusion 5, no. 3 (July 2014): 22–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijtd.2014070102.
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Wireless communities may be an intriguing alternative to 3G networks for offering mobile Internet, but their success depends on their ability to reach a critical mass of active members. The main issue is to understand what motivates and hinders people to join and participate in these communities to design suitable incentives to attract people and promote an active and enduring participation. This paper studies the factors that influence participation in FON, the largest wireless community, based on a theoretical model based combining research on technology adoption, self determination theory and prosocial behavior. The model is then empirically tested employing a mixed methodology drawing on 30 interviews and a survey of 268 members. Two types of participations are found to be driven by different motivations: participation by sharing, mainly driven by idealistic motivation linked to community values and reciprocity, and social participation is driven by social and technical motives like interacting and learning with other community members. On the other hand, utilitarian motivations do not have a significant effect on participation, even though they are deemed important for attracting members.
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Zhang, Fang. "The Numerical Simulation Analysis of Irregular Frame Structure Dynamic Characteristics." Advanced Materials Research 739 (August 2013): 373–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.739.373.
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A bump of irregular frame structure as an example, the use of ANSYS software, the structure dynamic characteristics analysis, given the cycle ratio and modal participation mass percentage, as the bump of irregular frame structure design reference.
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Lau, Gih Keong, and Hejun Du. "Topology optimization of head suspension assemblies using modal participation factor for mode tracking." Microsystem Technologies 11, no. 12 (June 23, 2005): 1243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00542-005-0607-4.
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Rahman, Mohammad Sabbir, Md Kamrul Hassan, Seongkyu Chang, and Dookie Kim. "Adaptive multiple tuned mass dampers based on modal parameters for earthquake response reduction in multi-story buildings." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 9 (November 24, 2016): 1375–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216678863.
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The primary objective of this research is to find the effectiveness of an adaptive multiple tuned mass damper distributed along with the story height to control the seismic response of the structure. The seismic performance of a 10-story building was investigated, which proved the efficiency of the adaptive multiple tuned mass damper. Structures with single tuned mass damper and multiple tuned mass dampers were also modeled considering the location of the dampers at the top of the structure, whereas adaptive multiple tuned mass damper of the structure was modeled based on the story height. Selection of the location of the adaptive multiple tuned mass damper along with the story height was dominated by the modal parameters. Participation of modal mass directly controlled the number of the modes to be considered. To set the stage, a comparative study on the displacements and modal energies of the structures under the El-Centro, California, and North-Ridge earthquakes was conducted with and without various types of tuned mass dampers. The result shows a significant capability of the proposed adaptive multiple tuned mass damper as an alternative tool to reduce the earthquake responses of multi-story buildings.
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Бурунов, Дмитрий Сергеевич, and Андрей Олегович Таранишин. "АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ ВИПРОБУВАНЬ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ РЕГУЛЯТОРОВ ГТД." Aerospace technic and technology, no. 8 (December 25, 2018): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2018.8.16.
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To ensure the required reliability of electronic regulators, a complex of tests is required, consisting of metrological studies and testing of the operation of control and monitoring algorithms. Metrological studies and calibration are carried out using standard and specialized measuring equipment. To test the control and monitoring algorithms a specialized gas turbine engine simulator with a built-in mathematical model is required. In addition, control and verification equipment and specialized software are needed. The increasing production rates caused by the large market demand in these regulators and the need to ensure reliability lead to a significant increase in labor costs and the time required for testing, which is especially important in batch production. One of the options for reducing labor costs and improving the quality of test scores is the automation of this process. Automation - the highest stage in the development of technology, which is characterized by the implementation of production management and other socially necessary processes without direct participation in them. Increasing the degree of automation of the enterprise leads to an increase in the stability of the technological process, reducing the impact of the human factor, improving the transparency of production, which ultimately positively affects the quality of finished products. The use of automation of the testing process excludes the influence of the human factor, allows for more extensive testing of the operation of the control and monitoring algorithms. When testing time is shortened, the quality and reliability indicators of Element electronic regulators produced by Element JSC are improved. As a result, the estimated effort required to test the operation of the algorithms of one electronic regulator will be reduced by 4-5 times. The main problems in testing modern electronic gas turbine engine (GTE) regulators are described. The possibility of test automation in the mass manufacturing of gas turbine regulators by the example of the electronic regulators of an engine of a family RDTs-450M. Future direction of testing development of had detected.
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Maher, Zahra, and Ali Rabbani Khorasgani. "Developing a Sociological Model to Improve Public Understanding of Science among Citizens (Case Study: Isfahan City)." Journal of Sociological Research 6, no. 2 (September 13, 2015): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsr.v6i2.8169.
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<p>In recent years, along with attributing more importance to the knowledge and information, the presence of the knowledgeable and well-informed manpower has gained significance and the existing level of knowledge and information among the common people of society has been considered as one of the preconditions and essential elements of the development in that country. One of the important issues confronting the sociologists who analyze the sciences is how to present sciences in the mass <strong>media</strong>. Besides, today, communication in many different fields is held within the exclusive control of the <strong>mass media</strong> and these media are the only source of information for most of the people.The present study, therefore, aims to explain the quality of "public understanding of science and technology" among the Isfahanian people and to produce the required data for the evaluation of general knowledge of and attitude toward science and technology. In particular, this study deals with the mechanisms applied by <strong>mass media</strong> to enhance the public understanding of science and technology.</p><p>As to research methodology, the present study follows the purpose of obtaining the quantitative statistical results from one sample. a systematic interview in the form of a questionnaire with closed-end items was used for collecting the required data. The research population for this study is the residents (aged between 15 to 79 years) of the 15 regions of Isfahan city of whom the number is 1564553, based on the public census in 2014. As for determining the sample size, Cochrane equation was used and 630 participants were chosen for the interview using a quota sampling. The main hypothesis of the quantitative phase was made based on the structural equation modeling to examine the "mechanism of media contribution to the enhancement of public understanding of science among citizens". This hypothesis was tested using Amos software.</p><p>The results of this study are as follows: </p><p>In the formulated Structural Equation Modeling, it was observed that the media increase the communicative competence of their addressees through translation and simplification of the scientific notions. Such an increase in the "addressees' competence in communicating with science", in turn, increases "their participation rate in the science and technology programs" and ultimately, enhances the public understanding of science and technology. Media played also some part in "representing the cultural and intellectual bio-life prevailing in society" and reflecting the dominant intellectual atmosphere of society. On the other hand, results showed that the media which are the mediator agents within the network, could reinforce the features of the sciences supportive culture through the representation of cultural and intellectual atmosphere prevailing in society and this was another factor which had a mediator role in the contribution of media on the enhancement of public understanding of science. <strong></strong></p>
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Davino, Antonio, Giovanna Longobardi, Emilia Meglio, Andrea Dallari, and Antonio Formisano. "Seismic Energy Upgrading of an Existing Brick Masonry Building by a Cold-Formed Steel Envelope System." Buildings 12, no. 11 (November 7, 2022): 1918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111918.
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In recent years, new solutions have been studied in order to intervene on existing buildings made of load-bearing masonry or reinforced concrete, both from the seismic point of view and the energy one. In recent years, novel modern techniques using lightweight steel profiles made of steel or aluminium alloys, suitably coupled with heat-insulating panels, have been proposed for requalification of existing building stock. In this paper, the Resisto 5.9 system designed by the Progetto Sisma S.r.l. company was studied and applied as a retrofit system of an existing masonry building. First, this new system for seismic energy requalification of the build-up was presented, describing the basic components and the mounting phases. Subsequently, it has applied to a case study building made of full-brick masonry located in the municipality of Casalecchio di Reno, on the outskirts of Bologna in Northern Italy. Finally, the used coating system was designed for the examined building together with other seismic interventions applied to horizontal structures and foundations. The seismic benefits deriving from using the proposed envelope system and other seismic interventions were proved from the seismic viewpoint by linear dynamic and non-linear static analyses using the TreMuri analysis software. From modal analysis it was seen that the dynamic behaviour of the building with Resisto 5.9 is improved, with an increase of the participating mass (68% instead of 49% of the bare building) of the second mode in the longitudinal direction. Moreover, from pushover analysis it was noticed that the seismic safety factor has passed from 0.51 to 1.05 in the X-direction and from 0.78 to 1.27 in the Y-direction. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that Resisto 5.9, together with all the other planned interventions, is able to accomplish the seismic retrofitting of the studied building.
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Aro, A., A. Kauppinen, P. Summanen, N. Kivinen, T. Selander, K. Kinnunen, J. Tuomilehto, et al. "Life Style Intervention Improves Retinopathy Status—The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study." Nutrients 11, no. 7 (July 23, 2019): 1691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11071691.
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The aim of the study was to find out whether participation in earlier intervention had an effect on the occurrence of retinopathy in study participants. We also examined risk factors (age, sex, weight, fasting and 2 h glucose, fasting insulin, blood pressure, serum lipids) for early retinal changes. The study included 522 individuals (mean 55 years old, range 40–64 years) with impaired glucose tolerance who were randomized into intervention (weight loss, healthy diet, and physical activity, N = 265) and control groups (N = 257). Intervention lasted for median of four years in 1993–2000, after which annual follow-up visits at study clinics were conducted. In the years 2002–2006 (at least five years after stopping intervention), fundus photography was offered for all study participants in four of five study clinics. Photographs were assessed by two experienced ophthalmologists (A.A. and K.K.), masked for the group assignment. After exclusion of poor quality photographs, the data of 211 individuals (N = 113 for intervention and N = 98 for control group) were included in the present study. The occurrence of microaneurysms was significantly higher in the control (37/98, 38%) than in the intervention group (27/113, 24%; p = 0.029). In the model, including age, sex, diabetes diagnosis before the retinal assessment, body mass index (BMI), and treatment group, the odds ratio for microaneurysms was markedly lower in intervention group (OR 0.52; 0.28–0.97, p = 0.039). The only risk factor that predicted the occurrence of microaneurysms was serum triglycerides at baseline (mean ± SD 1.9 ± 0.9 vs. 1.6 ± 0.7, mmol/L, with and without microaneurysms, respectively, p = 0.003). Triglycerides associated with decreased microaneurysms in regression analysis for age, sex, fasting glucose, and intervention group (OR 1.92, p = 0.018). Lifestyle intervention in overweight and obese individuals with impaired glucose tolerance showed decreased occurrence of retinal microaneurysms. Elevated serum triglycerides were associated to the development of early diabetic microangiopathy.
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Gao, Yan, and Jia Lu Li. "Effects of Additional Mass on Modal Experimental Analysis of 3-Dimension and 5-Direction Braided Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (October 2010): 1467–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.1467.
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The work of vibration test has significant meanings for the researches and applications of 3-dimension and 5-direction braided composites. This article discusses the effects of added mass with different weight on the modal test of 3-dimension and 5-direction braided composites. The comparison of the modal parameters of 3-dimension and 5-direction braided composites tested by different weight of mass reveals that the additional mass is a mostly influence factor for vibration property of 3-dimension and 5-direction braided composites. The results of frequency response and force response curves show that smaller mass accelerometer is more effective for a wider range of frequencies around the resonance frequency, a higher natural frequency and a larger peak in these points. Force-response curves show that force response amplitude increases with the increase of additional mass weight, and the larger additional mass, the shorter time taken for reaching stationary state. The errors of natural frequency and damping ratio increase when the weight of additional mass increases. With the increase of modal orders, relative errors of modal characteristics have slighter decreasing degrees. The results derived from this article will provide a useful reference for precise modal analysis of 3-dimension and 5-direction braided composites.
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Bibaya, Lawrence, and Chongru Liu. "Optimal Tuning and Placement of Power System Stabilizers Based Eigenvalue." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 3, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v3.i2.pp273-281.
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<p>In this paper, an eigenvalue assignment based Particle Swarm Optimization and Participation Factor for Optimal tuning and placement of power system stabilizers is proposed. The proposed approach presents a two-step methodology to find optimal location and parameters of PSS. The Participation Factor method is computed using the modal analysis toolbox from DIgSILENT, and used to determine the power system stabilizers optimal location. A Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is written in MATLAB to search the power system stabilizers optimal parameters. Two eigenvalue-based objective functions to ensure a maximum damping of the inter-area modes as well as of the local modes by assigning them in a robust stability area are considered. The performance of the proposed approach is tested and examined on the four-machine two-area power system. Linear modal analysis and non-linear time domain simulations show the robustness of the proposed approach.</p>
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Batalova, Ekaterina, Kirill Furmanov, and Ekaterina Shelkova. "A binary choice model with partial observability for panel data." Model Assisted Statistics and Applications 15, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/mas-200503.
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We consider a panel model with a binary response variable that is a product of two unobservable factors, each determined by a separate binary choice equation. One of these factors is assumed to be time-invariant and may be interpreted as a latent class indicator. A simulation study shows that maximum likelihood estimates from even the shortest panel are much more reliable than those obtained from a cross-section. As an illustrative example, the model is applied to Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey data to estimate a proportion of the non-employed population who are participating in job search.
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Stroehlein, Christopher, Hermann Landes, Andreas Krug, and Peter Dietz. "Magnetic coupling of mechanical modes in MRI systems." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 38, no. 5 (September 2, 2019): 1575–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-12-2018-0527.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate magneto-mechanical coupling occurring in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems. The authors study influence of the strength of the background field on the coupling of mechanically isolated, conductive cylindrical structures and the so-called shields. This coupling has a strong impact on frequency-dependent thermal losses occurring in the shield structures which are of high importance in MRI systems. Design/methodology/approach In the investigations, numerical methods are applied. First, finite element methods taking into account the full magneto-mechanical coupling are used to investigate the coupled physical phenomena. As these calculations may be time-consuming, several approximate predictive methods are derived. Modal expansion factors and participation factors are based on combinations of structural eigenmode calculations and eddy current calculations using Biot–Savart representations of the dynamic gradient field. In addition, a parallelism factor expressed in terms of the shield vibrations is defined to measure the coupling between the distinct cylinders. Findings It is found that the strength of the background field strongly influences the coupling of the distinct shields, which strongly increases the parallelism of the shield vibrations. Furthermore, modal expansion and participation factors are significantly influenced, caused by frequency shifts due to magnetic stiffening and increased magnetic coupling. Research limitations/implications The current work is limited to the modal expansions of a single shield. This needs to be extended in the future as comparison of modal expansion factors and finite element simulation indicate. Originality/value The defined factors estimating parallelism and modal participation in magneto-mechanical coupling are original work and studied for the first time.
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Rahman, Md Motiur, Tahmina Tasnim Nahar, and Dookie Kim. "Effect of Frequency Characteristics of Ground Motion on Response of Tuned Mass Damper Controlled Inelastic Concrete Frame." Buildings 11, no. 2 (February 20, 2021): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11020074.
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This paper investigates the performance of tuned mass damper (TMD) and dynamic behavior of TMD-controlled concrete structure considering the ground motion (GM) characteristics based on frequency content. The effectiveness of TMD in reducing the structural response and probability of collapse of the building frames are affected by the frequency characteristics of GMs. To attenuate the seismic vibration of the buildings, the TMD controlled building has been designed based on the modal analysis (modal frequencies and modal mass participation ratio). In this study, to investigate the performance of TMD, four different heights (i.e., 3, 5, 10, 20 stories) inelastic concrete moment-resisting frames equipped with TMDs are developed using an open-source finite element software. A series of numerical analyses have been conducted using sixty earthquakes classified into three categories corresponding to low, medium, and high-frequency characteristics of GMs. To evaluate the proposed strategy, peak lateral displacements, inter-story drift, and the probability of collapse using fragility analysis have been investigated through the structures equipped with and without TMD. The results appraise the effect of TMD and compare the seismic responses of earthquake frequency contents and the vibration control system of the inelastic building frames.
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Arora, Divya, and Pullanhiotan Sugathan. "Role of Nuclear Driving Potential to Probe Quasi-Fission Phenomena." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 14911–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.14911ecst.
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The role of entrance channel parameters, namely the target and projectile deformation, coulomb factor, and the mass asymmetry on the nuclear driving potential, are investigated. Distinct signature of mass drift is observed on the potential landscape across the studied reactions and within the reactions forming the same compound nucleus. The influence of nuclear shells is also reported. No significant structures on the potential energy surface are observed for multi-modal nature of fission. Thus, the driving potential can be employed as a useful probe to study quasi-fission or multi-modal nature of fission.