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Doreian, Bryan William. "Molecular Regulation of the Exocytic Mode in Adrenal Chromaffin Cells." Cleveland, Ohio : Case Western Reserve University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1245785721.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2009Title from PDF (viewed on 19 August 2009) Department of Physiology and Biophysics Includes abstract Includes bibliographical references Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center
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Mohammadridha, Taghreed. "Automatic Glycemia Regulation of Type I Diabetes." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ECDN0008.
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Cette thèse étudie le contrôle en boucle fermée pour la régulation de la glycémie du diabète de type 1 (DT1). Deux catégories principales de commande sont conçues: l'une est basée sur un modèle et l'autre non. Pour tester leur efficacité, les deux types sont testés in silico sur deux simulateurs de DT1. Le premier est un modèle à long terme qui est dérivé des données cliniques des sujets de DT1 et le second est le simulateur Uva/Padova. Tout d'abord, la commande sans modèle (CSM) est conçue. Après avoir montré qu'un régulateur proportionnel intelligent (iP) à référence constante peut être mis en défaut sur un simple second ordre, nous avons conçu un régulateur iP à référence variable. Une solution alternative est un régulateur proportionnel-intégral-dérivé intelligent (iPID) à référence constante. Une meilleure performance globale est obtenue avec iPID par rapport à iP et par rapport à un PID classique. Deuxièmement, une commande par modes glissants (CMG) garantie positive est conçue pour la première fois pour la régulation de la glycémie. La conception de cette commande est basée sur un modèle. La commande CMG est choisie pour la régulation de la glycémie en raison de ses propriétés de robustesse bien connues. Cependant, notre contribution majeure est l'assurance d'une commande rigoureusement positive. La commande CMG est conçue pour être positive partout dans un ensemble invariant du sous-système d'insulinémie du plasma. Enfin, un régulateur positif par retour d'état est calculé pour la première fois pour la régulation de la glycémie. Le plus grand ensemble positif invariant (EPI) est trouvé. Non seulement la positivité de la commande est révisée, mais plutôt un contrôle glycémique serré est atteint. Lorsque l'état initial du système appartient à l’EPI, l'hypoglycémie est évitée. Dans le cas contraire, l'hypoglycémie future est prédite pour tout état initial en dehors de l'EPIThis thesis investigates closed-loop control for glycemia regulation of Type1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Two main controller categories are designed: non-model-based and model-based. To test their efficiency, both types are tested in silico on two T1DM simulators. The first is a long-term model that is derived from clinical data of T1DM subjects and the second is the Uva/Padova simulator. Firstly, Model-free Control (MFC) is designed: a variable reference intelligent Proportional (iP) control and a constant reference intelligent Proportional-Integral-Derivative (iPID). Better overall performance is yielded with iPID over iP and over a classic PID. Secondly, a positive Sliding Mode Control SMC is designed for the first time for glycemia regulation. The model-based controller is chosen for glycemia regulation due to its well-known robustness properties. More importantly, our main contribution is that SMC is designed to be positive everywhere in the positively invariant set for the plasma insulin subsystem. Finally, a positive state feedback controller is designed for the first time to regulate glycemia. The largest Positively Invariant Set (PIS) is found. Not only control positivity is respected but rather a tight glycemic control is achieved. When the system initial condition belongs to the PIS, hypoglycemia is prevented, otherwise future hypoglycemia is predicted for any initial condition outside the PIS
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Jonsäll, Linnea. "Mutational analysis of the csgD mRNA leader: search for a mode of regulation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-208415.
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The CsgD protein is the master regulator of a pathway leading to the formation of curli, in essence regulating the switch between a motile and a sessile lifestyle for bacteria. The 5’-UTR region of the csgD mRNA is a hotspot for multiple regulatory small RNAs (sRNA) involved in a complex regulatory network. Even though it is previously known how the interaction takes place it is unknown how sRNA binding affects the translational activity. In order to suggest a mode of regulation a mutational assay was performed by making changes in the csgD 5’-UTR and investigate what the translational effects were. Mutations in different regions are shown to affect the translation levels in various ways.
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FERRET, SENA VERONIQUE. "Regulation hormonale du metabolisme oligodendrocytaire des sulfatides : mode d'action de la triiodothyronine et de l'insuline." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13054.
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Etude de la regulation hormonale de la myclinisation; les hormones thyroidiennes t3 et t4 modulent l'activite de la 2',3'-nucleotide cyclique 3' phosphohydrolase (cnpase) et de la cerebroside sulfotransferase (cst). L'insuline est un inducteur de la cst
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Kajimura, Shogo. "Mind wandering regulation by non-invasive brain stimulation." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225352.
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Hedström, Andreas. "Compliance with the EU Regulation Requirements for Generators in the Swedish Electricity Sector : A Study of how Compliance with the New Requirements can be Facilitated." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414616.
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The EU regulation Requirements for Generators (RfG) was fully in force in Sweden in April 2019. With RfG, which contains requirements on the grid connection of new power-generating modules (PGMs), the EU aims to ensure a further market integration within the union, increase the security of supply and facilitate a continuous integration of renewable energy production. With the purpose of ensuring that the capabilities required in RfG are installed in new PGMs, compliance with the requirements must be shown before commissioning a new PGM via either on- site tests, simulations or both. However, the information RfG provided regarding how compliance is to be shown is vague. This has introduced ambiguity to the Swedish electricity sector with regards to what is required to show compliance. Therefore, in this study, an investigation of the Swedish compliance landscape with regards to RfG has been performed, with the objectives of shining light on obstacles that relevant actors in the industry experience and examining which incentives they have to comply with RfG today. Furthermore, the study gives a contribution to how compliance can be shown via templates of simulations for the requirements on wind power parks with a cumulative installed power of 10 MW to have the capability of delivering frequency regulation. The results indicate that the industry needs procedures of best practice and further guidelines or rules with regards to how compliance is to be shown to be able to achieve cost-effectiveness. Moreover, the templates provided in the study illustrate what types of guidelines that are demanded.
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Brackenbury, Anne (Anne Elizabeth) Carleton University Dissertation International Affairs. "Grafting onto the future: the Canadian autoworkers' struggle to advance a progressive post-fordist mode of regulation." Ottawa, 1992.
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Hill, Margaret M. Carleton University Dissertation Political Science. "The choice of mode for regulation; a case study of the federal pesticide registration review, 1988-1992." Ottawa, 1994.
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Wynn, Alexandra. "Theorising transformation : the role of international financial institutions in forming a new mode of social regulation in Russia." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30400.
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International Financial Institutions and various national governments, via their respective bi-lateral donor programmes, have sought to assist in the transformation of the Russian economy since 1991. Initially, the main aim of development programmes was to try and nurture the emergence of a free market economy and democratic society. This thesis argues, however, that too little attention was paid to the necessary evolution of a new mode of social regulation (MSR) that would support an adherence to free market principles. There was an assumption that a new MSR, constituted by social practices/institutions, would emerge spontaneously in response to the changes in the way capital was accumulated. But, IFIs and other donors failed to recognise the embeddedness of social practices and the evolution of hybrid modes of social regulation. Through an analysis of two case study regions, Leningrad and Sakhalin oblasts, and work at the federal level, the thesis demonstrates the importance of understanding the current and fragmented mode(s) of social regulation and processes of governance when trying to theorise about transformation in Russia, as well as in assessing the impact of IFIs and other donors. It is shown that IFIs and donors need to recognise the dominance of disincentives to change and processes of exclusion, which impede the (re)creation of so-called 'appropriate' institutions. Furthermore it is possible to discern as intensification of the process of uneven development as individual regions find their own way with coping with the exigencies of transformation. Explanations for these processes do not just lie in the regions' relationships with federal government, or on the industrial legacies of the Soviet era, but also on individuals, social networks and practices and the different geographies of regional economic regulation.
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Lloréns, Rico Verónica 1989. "Integrative understanding of transcription in a minimal cell model." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/459003.
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One of the major challenges of biology is to understand how entire cells or organisms behave in homeostasis and in response to perturbations. Whole-cell modeling promotes this understanding by integrating different cellular processes in a single model that is able to predict emergent cellular behaviors. In this thesis, we have developed the first whole-cell model of the genome-reduced bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which encodes for less than 700 protein-coding genes. This model follows the structure of the previously described model in Mycoplasma genitalium. However, the lack of comprehensive knowledge of even these simple organisms limits the predictive power of these models. To address this problem and improve the model, we have focused in the process of transcription regulation, and we have studied the major determinants of transcript abundance in this bacterium. Therefore, we have characterized promoters and the role of small RNAs. We have also reconstructed the gene regulatory network, revealing that non-transcription factor regulation may have a large impact in coordinating RNA levels in M. pneumoniae. Furthermore, by analyzing the ‘omics’ data used to investigate the process of transcription and to fit the whole-cell model, we have found different biases of high-throughput profiling experiments, and we have described that chimeric RNAs identified in these datasets may be artifacts generated in RNA-sequencing experiments.Uno de los mayores retos de la biología es entender cómo células u organismos completos se comportan tanto en homeostasis como en respuesta a perturbaciones. El campo del modelado de células completas pretende comprender esto integrando diferentes procesos celulares en un único modelo capaz de predecir comportamientos celulares emergentes. En esta tesis, hemos desarrollado el primer modelo de célula completa de la bacteria de genoma reducido Mycoplasma pneumoniae, que codifica para menos de 700 proteínas. Este modelo sigue la estructura del descrito previamente en Mycoplasma genitalium. Sin embargo, la falta de conocimientos exhaustivos incluso para estos organismos simples limita el poder predictivo de estos modelos. Para hacer frente a este problema y mejorar el modelo, nos hemos centrado en el proceso de regulación de la transcripción, y hemos estudiando los principales factores que determinan la abundancia de tránscritos en esta bacteria. Así, hemos caracterizado los promotores y el papel de ARNs pequeños. También hemos reconstruido la red de regulación génica, observando que la regulación no debida a factores de transcripción puede tener un gran impacto en la coordinación de los niveles de ARN en M. pneumoniae. Además, analizando los datos procedentes de experimentos ómicos usados para investigar el proceso de la transcripción y ajustar el modelo, hemos encontrado diferentes sesgos en estos experimentos a gran escala u ‘ómicos’, y hemos descrito que ARNs quiméricos que se identifican en estos datos pueden ser artefactos generados en experimentos de secuenciación de ARN.
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Weiland, Paul E. "The Influence of Regulatory Mode on the Use of Limited Self-Regulatory Resources and the Experience of Self-Regulation." Connect to Online Resource-OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1197423473.
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Mečár, Matej. "Nudging towards automobile- free living in Stockholm : An analysis of Stockholm's 2015 Green Parking Rates guideline and its impact on mode shift." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-183352.
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This thesis explores the impact of the city of Stockholms 2015 Green Parking Rates guideline on transportation mode shift. The guidelines were established in hopes of nudging occupants of newly built residential developments towards a mode shift and in so doing, towards car-light, car- free and more sustainable living. This nudging is facilitated through the utilization of positive mobility services such as the offering of bike-share and car-share services to residents, in hopes of reducing their need and desire for private automobiles. As a result of incorporating positive mobility services, the development community receives a reduction on the parking spaces they are obligated to construct, which come at a high economic cost to the individual property developers, those purchasing or renting their units as well as society as a whole. Consequently, the guidelines are a meant to be a tool to help the city of Stockholm reduce congestion and meet their newest sustainability goals. This thesis explores the perspectives of the development community as well as the planning departments at the city of Stockholm through the conducting of a policy analysis as well as through 16 semi structured interviews and explores some of the successes and challenges in establishing a mode shift. However, due to the short time period since the establishment of the guidelines, the city of Stockholm nor the development community have conducted a comprehensive evaluation to assess the guidelines utility in facilitating a mode shift. The thesis suggests that a more collaborative process pre, during and after the development of projects would better serve Stockholm and its development community in achieving its sustainability goals.
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Santos, Eliane Carvalho dos [UNESP]. "Flexibilidade e território: uma análise do modo de regulação flexível na região do ABCD a partir de uma perspectiva multiescalar." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/141954.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Com a crise do fordismo e de suas bases estruturais, foi necessário um amplo processo de reestruturação que está fomentando diferentes trajetórias de superação de sua crise. Nos territórios que buscam superar esse modelo, os agentes sociais empreendem diferentes estratégias, com a implementação de princípios orientados pelo capitalismo flexível que permitem novas configurações nas instituições reguladoras que imprimem novas formas de relações profissionais e novas configurações no modelo de organização industrial. Nessa conformação, as heranças da formação do fordismo deixam os direcionamentos do combate à rigidez, gerando uma combinação específica dos territórios frente à flexibilidade. Isso se repercute no modo de regulação organizado em diferentes escalas, tendo a escala nacional como a principal mediadora dessas transformações entre o local e o global. Diante desse quadro, a proposta desta pesquisa esteve em compreender como as mudanças no modo de regulação nacional, empreendidas com o objetivo de tornar o território brasileiro alinhado com a regulação internacional do capitalismo flexível, tem repercutido no modo de regulação da Região do ABCD paulista, região essa que sempre apresentou um alinhamento com a regulação nacional e por isso sofreu fortemente os impactos da crise do fordismo. Com esse cenário, investigamos a relação entre as mudanças no modo de regulação nacional e o regional, a partir da analise da atuação dos principais agentes – o Estado, o capital e o trabalho – na configuração de um novo modo de regulação flexível nesse território.
With the crisis of Fordism and its structural basis, an extensive process of restructuring that is fueling different paths to overcome its crisis was needed. In the territories that seek to overcome this model, social workers undertake different strategies, with the implementation of principles guided by flexible capitalism that allow new configurations in regulatory institutions that print new forms of professional relationships and new settings in the industrial organization model. In this conformation, the inheritances of the formation of Fordism leave the directions to combat stiffness, generating a specific combination of the territories ahead flexibility. This is reflected in the mode of regulation organized at different scales, and the national level as the main mediator of these changes between the local and the global. Given this situation, the purpose of this research was to understand how changes in national regulatory mode, undertaken with the aim of making Brazil aligned with the international regulation of flexible capitalism, has passed in setting mode of São Paulo ABCD Region, this region that has always been an alignment with national regulation and so strongly suffered the impacts of the crisis of Fordism. With this scenario, we investigated the relationship between changes in the national and regional regulation mode, from the analysis of the performance of the main actors - the state, capital and labor - in setting up a new flexible regulation mode that territory.
FAPESP: 2012/07547-2
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Mokhele, Daphney Nontuthuzelo. "Impact of the taxi recapitalisation strategy on the expenditure patterns and poverty levels of taxi-mode commuters in the Vaal / by Daphney Nontuthuzelo Dlamini-Mokhele." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2288.
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The minibus taxi industry serves approximately 68% of the South Africans using public transport. It is credited with supporting black South African communities by providing a more accessible alternative to the public transportation. It has also been a primary activity for black entrepreneurship since the early 1970s up to the present. It also provides a strong example of enterprise serving as a platform for creating employment and for fighting poverty. However, its growth and prosperity is hindered by a number of challenges, some of which emanated from the past apartheid laws that restricted black economic policies. Some are related to the industry, such as continuing problems of persistent violence, at times resulting in death and safety concerns. In an effort to address these challenges, the National Department of Transport published a Taxi Recapitalisation Strategy (TRS). The TRS is not only about the replacement of old vehicles with new and safe vehicles, but presents the government with an opportunity to transform, empower and regulate the industry. The key pillars of the TRS are the scrapping of old taxi vehicles, the introduction of new and safe vehicles, effective regulations, empowerment of the taxi industry and law enforcement. This study measures the impact of the TRS on poverty levels and expenditure patterns of the taxi-mode commuters of the Vaal, situated south of Gauteng. It focuses mainly on the few townships identified; where the taxis are the most frequently used mode of transport. It has been shown that regulation of the taxi industry through the implementation of the TRS would lead to a rise in taxi fares and other consequences for the owners and users (passengers). Subsequently, this would result in increased levels of poverty and a change in expenditure patterns of most of the Vaal households. Although the levels of poverty have decreased in the townships of the Vaal as compared to 2003, the severity of poverty still remains in some households. Using the Household Subsistence Level (HSL) as the household's respective poverty line, 45.4% of the households have an income that is less than 50% of their HSL amount, indicating severe poverty. The headcount index was determined at 0.59 in 2006, indicating that 59% of households live below their poverty lines. The poverty gap index was determined at 0.45, reflecting that households lack on average 45% of income to attain a level equal to their poverty line. The impact of increases in taxi fares would then directly have a negative effect on the average standard of living of the Vaal households. To measure the impact of the TRS on expenditure patterns, affordability levels of the households of the Vaal were considered. The three scenarios used (taxi fares increase by 10%, 15%, and 20%) showed that the average monthly transport costs would rise by 9.9%, 10.3% and 10.6% respectively, following the implementation of the TRS.
If user-targeted subsidies could be offered that would result in the taxi fare reduction, it could have an impact on expenditure patterns and poverty levels of the Vaal households. Applying the impact assessment model to households living below their poverty lines in the Vaal, increased government subsidy would supplement the existing incomes of these households. For instance, if a subsidy of 20% on taxi fares is offered, that is to make the taxi fare lower than the current fare, the poverty gap would decrease from 0.45 to 0.31 and the headcount index would be reduced from 0.59 to 0.48. This would reflect that households lacking income to attain a level equal to their poverty line is reduced by 14%.This suggests that the recapitalisation of the taxi fleet which is supported by a taxi fare subsidy is critical to ensure the provision of safe, affordable and efficient minibus taxis. In the case of even higher government subsidies, reduction in the cost of transport through government subsidies may supplement the existing income of households to such an extent that the headcount indexes for the population decreases even more. The study therefore concludes that poverty alleviation and improved standards of living among the Vaal households can only be achieved if appropriate subsidies which may lead to the reduction in the taxi fares can be provided.Thesis (Ph.D. (Economics))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2008.
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CASAGRANDE, FABRICE. "Mode d'action des flavonoides dans les cellules de melanome humain : regulation des kinases cdks impliquees en phase g1 ou g2 du cycle cellulaire." Toulouse 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU30058.
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Les flavonoides sont des composes d'origine vegetale exercant une action pleiotropique au niveau cellulaire. Ils sont notamment consideres comme de bons inhibiteurs de la proliferation bien que leurs cibles au niveau du cycle cellulaire ne soient pas connues. La progression des cellules eucaryotes au travers des differentes phases du cycle cellulaire est controlee par une famille de ser/thr kinases, les cdks (cyclin-dependent kinases) associees a leurs partenaires cyclines. La formation et l'activation des complexes cdk-cyclines s'effectuent selon un ordre precis permettant le bon deroulement du cycle. Toute perturbation dans l'expression ou l'activite des proteines participant a ce reseau integre peut conduire a une deregulation de la proliferation et a la transformation cellulaire. Nous avons recherche les effets du ly294002, derive du flavonol quercetine, sur la proliferation de cellules de melanome choroidien humain ocm-1, sur l'expression et l'activite des complexes cdk-cyclines impliques dans la progression en g1 et la transition g1/s. Nous montrons que cet inhibiteur de pi 3-kinases induit un arret des cellules en g1 par inhibition des activites cdk2 et cdk4. L'inhibition de cdk4 est probablement due a une diminution de son expression, alors que l'inhibition de cdk2 resulte d'une expression accrue de p27 k i p 1 et d'une augmentation de son association a cdk2. Afin d'etablir des relations structure/fonction, nous avons etendu cette etude a divers membres de la famille des flavonoides. Nous montrons que les composes qui induisent un arret des cellules en phase g1 inhibent specifiquement cdk2 en augmentant le taux de p27 k i p 1 et/ou p21 c i p 1. Les composes qui conduisent a un bloc g2 inhibent cdk1 en maintenant la kinase phosphorylee sur la tyr15. Ceci est vraisemblablement la consequence de l'inactivation de la phosphatase cdc25c comme nous le montrons dans le cas de la genisteine. Nous avons egalement etabli que p21 n'est pas implique dans l'arret des cellules en phase g2 induit par ce compose.
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Fogliano, Valerio. "Euclid GNC: an optimal attitude estimation algorithm in an output regulation problem framework for the control of a scientific satellite in Fine Pointing Mode." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
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The work presented in this thesis is based on the design and analysis of the control system of the EUCLID satellite in Fine Pointing Mode. Its dynamical behaviour has been reproduced considering the effective errors given by the sensors and the main disturbances affecting its motion during the mission.
Through this work it has been designed an algorithm which is capable of providing the software robustness and the reduction of the computational cost needed in the industrial world and at the same time reaching the performance aimed by the academy.
In other words, it has been showed that the industrial and the academical worlds can be synthesized in a highly efficient way.
This goal has been achieved by designing an optimal estimator, which is capable of correcting the measurements coming from the sensors in terms of noise and delay, coupled with a linear optimal control algorithm fed into an error feedback output regulator. The estimator has been designed on the well-known Multiplicative Extended Kalman Filter model, modified for the delay correction of the star tracker by means of a backward state propagation for the state update correction. Meanwhile, the controller is exploiting the optimal control and the error feedback output regulation theory, leading to the tracking of not only step reference trajectories but also sinusoidal time varying signals.
Eventually, the reported simulations are highlighting the high performances reached by the observer, obtaining a very low error on the angular position, order of 10^(-3) deg, and angular velocity estimation, order of 10^(-5) rad/s. Furthermore, the pointing error requirement has been respected thanks to the high accuracy provided by the optimal controller, which gave an angular error of the order of 10^(-3) deg.
Lastly, the results obtained by the output regulator showed a remarkable ability in annihilating the tracking errors not only for periodic unstable but also for asymptotically stable reference trajectories.
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FERRON, CLAUDINE. "L'eau et la ville : origine, nature et mode de regulation des eaux destinees a la consommation humaine. exemple de la communaute urbaine de strasbourg." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR1GE07.
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La recherche porte sur la securite d'approvisionnement en eau potable des grandes villes et sur les problemes de gestion qui y sont lies. La question posee est celle de l'adequation spatio-temporelle entre les strategies de preservation de la qualite de l'eau adoptees par les acteurs sociaux concernes et l'exposition de la ressource aux risques de pollution accidentelle. Pour etudier les dysfonctionnements du dispositif de protection, le raisonnement consiste a comparer les delais de reaction de ces acteurs a la dynamique de propagation d'un polluant dans une nappe phreatique. A cet effet, l'etude fait appel aux methodes d'analyse de la complexite spatiale, telles que la modelisation et la simulation par une approche systemique. Les elements descriptifs, notamment spatiaux, du front de pollution, des dispositifs de surveillance mis en place ainsi que des relations qui s'etablissent entre eux, ont ete modelises selon l'approche proposee par de latil. L'etude simultanee de phenomenes de nature differente, physiques et sociaux, a des echelles spatio-temporelles egalement differentes, a necessite le recours a un systeme d'information geographique (sig). Les donnees exploitees sont specifiques a l'un des puits de captage de la communaute urbaine de strasbourg (cus). La conclusion principale de cette recherche souligne l'importance de l'information et de la communication entre des instances decisionnelles relevant de structures plus ou moins independantes les unes des autres. A partir de travaux recents en intelligence artificielle distribuee sur l'organisation des groupes sociaux, il est propose de recourir a la modelisation multi-agent (sma) pour identifier les dysfonctionnements supposesThis research looks at the safety steps involved in supplying drinking water to large towns and cities and also the administration problems which are involved. The question which has been put forward concerns the spado-temporal adequacy which arises between the protection strategies of the water quality installed by the concerned social actors and the exposure of the resource to accidental pollution risks. In order to study the misfunctionning of the protection device, the main argument is to compare the time delay of the actor's reaction against the spreading dynamic of pollutants in the ground water. For this purpose, the study called upon the analysing methods of spatial complexity, such as modelisation and simulation, using a systemic approach. Descriptive elements, notably saptial, of head-on pollution, installed supervision devices as well as relationships established between them have all been modelled in accordance with the proposed approaches suggested by de latil. The simultaneously study on different kinds of phenomena, physical and social, to equally different spado-temporal scales, necessitated the support aid from a geographical information system (gis). The data used are specific of a catchment well in the urban community of strasbourg. The main important conclusion of this research underlines the importance of information and communication contact within the decision-making authorities who are dependent on structures more or less independent from one other. Taken from recent work conducted by distributed artificial intelligence concerning the organisation of social groups, it has been suggested resorting to multi-agent modelisation (mas) in order to identify the supposed misfunctionning problems
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Wucher, Valentin. "Modélisation d'un réseau de régulation d'ARN pour prédire des fonctions de gènes impliqués dans le mode de reproduction du puceron du pois." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S076/document.
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Cette thèse cherche à discriminer au niveau génomique entre le développement d'embryons vers un mode de reproduction sexué et le développement vers un mode asexué chez le puceron du pois, Acyrthosiphon pisum. Cette discrimination passe par la création du réseau de régulation post-transcriptionnelle des microARN et des ARNm qui possèdent des cinétiques d'expression différentes entre ces deux embryogenèses ainsi que par l'analyse des modules d'interactions de ce réseau par l'utilisation de l'analyse de concepts formels. Pour ce faire, une stratégie en plusieurs étapes a été mise en place : la création d'un réseau d'interactions entre les microARN et les ARNm du puceron du pois ; l'extraction et la réduction du réseau aux microARN et ARNm qui possèdent des cinétiques différentes entre les deux embryogenèses à partir des données d'expression tirées du séquençage haut-débit ; l'analyse du réseau d'interactions réduit aux éléments d’intérêt par l'analyse de concepts formels. L'analyse du réseau a permis l'identification de différentes fonctions potentiellement importantes comme l'ovogenèse, la régulation transcriptionnelle ou encore le système neuroendocrinien. En plus de l'analyse du réseau, l'analyse de concepts formels a été utilisée pour définir une méthode de réparation de graphe biparti basée sur une topologie en "concepts" ainsi qu'une méthode de visualisation de graphes bipartis par ses conceptsThis thesis aims to discriminate between embryos development towards either sexual or asexual reproduction types in pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum, at the genomic level. This discrimination involves the creation of a post-transcriptional regulation network between microRNAs and mRNAs whose kinetic expressions change depending on the embryogenesis. It also involves a study of this network's interaction modules using formal concept analysis. To do so, a three-step strategy was set up. First the creation of an interaction network between the pea aphid's microRNAs and mRNAs. The network is then reduced by keeping only microRNAs and mRNAs which possess differential kinetics between the two embryogeneses, these are obtained using high-throughput sequencing data. Finally the remaining network is analysed using formal concept analysis. Analysing the network allowed for the identification of several functions of potential interest such as oogenesis, transcriptional regulation or even neuroendocrine system. In addition to network analysis, formal concept analysis was used to create a new method to repair a bipartite graph based on its topology and a method to visualise a bipartite graph using its formal concepts
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Guillemain, Isabelle. "Mode d'action des neurokinines et de divers neurotransmetteurs au niveau de la glande parotide de rat. Regulation de la phospholipase c et de la phospholipase d." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA112303.
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Dans la premiere partie de notre travail, nous avons caracterise le type de recepteurs des neurokinines impliques dans le mode d'action de la substance p au niveau de la glande parotide de rat. Nous avons etudie les effets d'agonistes selectifs de ces recepteurs des neurokinines sur la production des inositol phosphates et sur les mouvements de calcium. Nous avons montre que seuls les recepteurs nk-1 sont couples a l'activation de la voie de transduction calcium/phospholipides. Dans la seconde partie de notre travail, nous avons demontre pour la premiere fois la presence d'une activite phospholipase d au niveau des acini de glande parotide, en mettant en evidence la reaction de transphosphatidylation catalysee par cet enzyme, a savoir la formation de phosphatidylethanol a partir d'un phospholipide substrat, en presence d'ethanol. Nos resultats indiquent que la phospholipase d peut etre regulee differemment par les agonistes muscariniques et alpha adrenergiques par une voie dependante du calcium et par les esters de phorbol par une voie independante du calcium. L'utilisation de differents inhibiteurs de la proteine kinase c ne nous a pas permis de demontrer l'implication de cet enzyme lors de l'activation de la phospholipase d. Par ailleurs, nous avons observe que l'activation de la phospholipase d ne resulte en aucune production detectable d'acide phosphatidique. Compte tenu de l'ensemble de ces resultats, nous suggerons que l'activation d'une phospholipase d reflete, dans les cellules acineuses de glande parotide, une voie metabolique qui permettrait un echange de base entre des phospholipides et serait impliquee dans le renouvellement du pool de phosphatidylinositol lors d'une stimulation soutenue de la phospholipase c par les agonistes muscariniques et alpha adrenergiques
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Masson, Léna. "Le mode de gestion d’une industrie à risques, ses évolutions et ses effets : le cas de la maintenance sous-traitée des Centres Nucléaires de Production d’Électricité d’EDF." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC0107.
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Réalisée dans le cadre d’une convention CIFRE, cette thèse étudie les évolutions des systèmes de gestion intra et inter-organisationnels d’une organisation à risques, ainsi que leurs effets sur le niveau local principalement sur les relations et les situations de travail lors des opérations de maintenance sous-traitées.Éclairées par les travaux de recherche portant sur les organisations à risques, la sous-traitance et les processus de régulation, ces analyses articulent les niveaux macro (l’entreprise dans son contexte), méso (la Division Production de l’entreprise, ses dispositifs de gestion) et micro (les sites de production, les relations et situations de travail).Reposant sur l’utilisation d’une méthodologie « ancrée » et « opportuniste », la recherche empirique mobilise de nombreuses données issues d’entretiens, d’observations, et de documents internes.Le contexte socio-économique, le néo-libéralisme (s’incarnant ici dans le New Public Management et l’externalisation), le changement de statut de l’entreprise, sa situation financière dégradée, la surveillance d’une agence extérieure, pèsent sur les choix de la Division Production, contribuant à faire évoluer son mode de gestion. Accroissement de la centralisation, de la standardisation, du recours à la sous-traitance pour les opérations de maintenance, de la contractualisation, de la mise en concurrence des acteurs, des contrôles, ainsi qu’un important renouvellement générationnel sont les principales évolutions de cette organisation centrée sur la sécurité industrielle et la maîtrise de ses coûts.Au niveau local, les choix réalisés par la Division Production, traduits dans l’évolution des dispositifs de gestion intra-organisationnels, produisent divers effets, comme l’érosion des compétences techniques des agents de l’entreprise, ou encore des cloisonnements interprofessionnels pouvant entraver la coordination efficace des activités sous-traitées. Une forte coopération avec les sous-traitants est également rendue plus difficile par le risque de délit de marchandage –limitant les relations entre les opérateurs du donneur d’ordre et ceux des sous-traitants – ainsi que par la complexité bureaucratique qui ralentit la circulation de l’information. Ces difficultés s’intensifient alors que les pressions sur les durées et les coûts que vivent les entreprises sous-traitantes et les agents du donneur d’ordre s’accentuent, et que des sanctions financières – accompagnant les erreurs sur les chantiers – sont plus régulièrement appliquées, affaiblissant la confiance inter-organisationnelle.Les relations que les sites entretiennent avec les sous-traitants, différentes selon le site mais de plus en plus dépendantes des orientations du niveau national, affectent les comportements des sous-traitants et la façon dont ils réalisent le travail, contribuant tantôt à rapprocher le réel du prescrit, tantôt à l’en éloigner. Les opérateurs sous-traitants qui rencontrent de nombreux aléas, peuvent difficilement contribuer aux aménagements nécessaires dans la conception des activités (complexes et strictement programmées) qu’ils réalisent, malgré l’existence d’un système de retour d’expérience. Ils tendent à développer des comportements de retrait atténués par une culture de professionnalisme et de sécurité partagée par tous, permettant de faire face aux aléas.Les déconnexions horizontales et verticales, couplées à une pression temporelle et financière accrue, forment ainsi un système de contraintes produisant des effets sur les situations et les relations de travail. Le sommet stratégique, qui promeut partenariats et simplification, tente d’en juguler les conséquences sans pouvoir renoncer aux logiques institutionnelles qui le structurent.Améliorer et compléter les dispositifs de co-régulation constitue l’une des voies qui favoriseraient la conciliation des exigences contradictoires de performance économique, de strict respect des procédures de sécurité et d’autonomie des collectifs de travailRealized within a CIFRE agreement, this thesis studies the evolutions of the intra and inter-organizational management systems of a high-risk industry, as well as their effects on the local level – mainly on work relationships and situations occurring during outsourced maintenance operations. Drawing on research on high-risk industry, subcontracting and social regulation theory, these analyzes articulate the macro (the company in its context), meso (the company’s Production Division and its management systems) and micro (production sites, work relationships and situations) levels.Based on the use of a “grounded” and “opportunistic” methodology, this research mobilizes large amount of data from interviews, observations, and internal documents.The socio-economic context, neo-liberalism (embodied here in the New Public Management and the choice of subcontracting), the privatization of the company and its deteriorated financial situation, as well as the supervision of an independent agency, weigh on the choices of the Production Division. They contribute to the evolution of the Production Division’s management system. Increased centralization, standardization, externalization, contracting, competition, controls based on multiple indicators, as well as a significant generational renewal, are the main features of this organization focused on industrial safety and cost saving.At the local level, the choices made by the Production Division, reflected in the evolution of its management systems, produce various effects, such as the erosion of the technical skills of the company’s employees, as well as interprofessional partitioning that can hinder the effective coordination of outsourced activities. Strong cooperation with subcontractors is also made more difficult by the risk of reclassification of the commercial contract into an employment contract – which limits relations between contractor’s employees and subcontractors’ operators – as well as by the bureaucratic complexity that slow down the information flow. These difficulties are intensifying as the time and cost pressures experienced by subcontracting companies and contracting company’s employees increase, and as financial penalties – going along with subcontractor’s errors – are more regularly applied, weakening inter-organizational trust.The relationships that sites maintain with subcontractors, which vary from one site to another but are increasingly dependent on national guidelines, affect the behaviors of subcontractors and the way they carry out their work. Subcontractors’ operators, who encounter numerous hazards, can hardly contribute to adapting the design of the (complex and strictly programmed) activities they carry out, despite the existence of an Operating Experience Feedback. They tend to develop withdrawal behaviors that are mitigated by professionalism and a strong safety culture shared by all, allowing them to cope with hazards.Horizontal and vertical disconnections, coupled with increased time and financial pressure, form a system of constraints producing effects on work situations and relationships. The strategic apex, which promotes partnerships and simplification, tries to curb these consequences without being able to give up the institutional logics that structure the organization.Improving and supplementing co-regulation devices could be one of the ways helping to foster the conciliation of contradictory demands of economic performance, strict compliance with safety procedures and the autonomy of work collective
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Cahen-Fourot, Louison. "The social relation to the environment in contemporary capitalism: theoretical reflections and empirical explorations." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2019. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6957/1/WP_26.pdf.
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This paper analyses the socio-economic context into which environmental policies and ecological sentiments emerge through empirically studying the relation to the environment of different kinds of capitalism. The association and interaction of the relation to the environment with other key social relations, e.g. the labour-capital relations, are studied and discussed. To achieve this, I draw from Regulation Theory and augment its analytical framework with an explicit environmental dimension. I then conduct an empirical analysis of the diversity of contemporary capitalism including the social relation to the environment for a sample of thirty-seven OECD and BRICS countries. Five kinds of capitalism are identified: the Northern-continental European, the Southern-central European, the Anglo-Saxon and Pacific, the Emerging Countries and the Two Giants. A main result is the correspondence between ecology-prone social relations to the environment, labour oriented capital-labour relations and welfare-oriented states. However, the results show that countries that are the most ecology-prone are also the ones that have the most relocated their environmental impact, an observation consistent with the critical literature on the Environmental Kuznets Curve.Series: Ecological Economic Papers
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Moraes, Maíra Carvalho de. "Movimentos sociais, território e resistência: a luta dos trabalhadores e do movimento de luta por moradia pela vila Operária em Guarulhos, SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100134/tde-03122018-161019/.
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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a história da resistência e da luta dos moradores e do Movimento de Luta por Moradia (MLM) pelo bairro de Vila Operária em Guarulhos, SP. A partir da sistematização das experiências dos moradores, buscou-se construir uma história da luta do bairro através das ações de resistência às reintegrações de posse em um espaço com problemas de regulamentação fundiária disputado pela iniciativa privada, por posseiros e pelo Estado. A partir da análise das estruturas econômicas e a superestrutura Estado e suas instituições ao longo da história do Brasil, verificou-se a continuidade da exclusão social e da concentração de renda e fundiária, que contribui com o crescimento das periferias na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Os movimentos sociais de moradia pela Reforma Urbana buscam a regularização fundiária de bairros estabelecidos, caso da Vila Operária, e têm se dedicado em defender os direitos constitucionais e o respeito às leis municipais e ao Plano Diretor. A análise da experiência dos moradores e da Vila Operária permitirá avaliar as ações de movimentos sociais de moradia pela Reforma Urbana em um contexto de regulação híbrida do Direito em que Estado e empresas atuam em conjunto na repressão às ações coletivas e à democraciaThis reserch aims to present the history of resistance and struggle of the residents and of the Movement for Struggle for Housing (MLM) in the neighborhood of Vila Operária in Guarulhos, SP. From the systematization of the residents\' experiences, the aim was to construct a history of the neighborhood struggle through the actions of resistance to the reintegration of tenure in a space with land regulation problems disputed by the private initiative, squatters and the State. From the analysis of economic structures and the superstructure - State and its institutions - throughout the history of Brazil, the continuity of social exclusion and concentration of income and land ownership has been verified, which contributes to the growth of the peripheries in the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo. The social movements of housing by the Urban Reform seek the land regularization of established neighborhoods, in the case of Vila Operária, and has been dedicated in defending the constitutional rights and the respect to the municipal laws and the Master Plan. The analysis of the experience of the residents and Vila Operária will allow to evaluate the actions of social movements of housing by the Urban Reform in a context of Hybrid Law regulation in which State and companies act together in the repression of collective actions and democracy
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Igbonacho, Bici Chinauyi Junior. "Génération de molécules de solitons, régulation de puissance, régénération et sculpture des profils d'impulsion au sein d'un laser à fibre multifonction." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK024/document.
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Les travaux de cette thèse s'efforcent d'apporter une solution au problème persistant de grande pauvreté des lasers à fibre à modes bloqués, en termes de fonctionnalités et de flexibilité. La thèse propose une cavité laser fibrée ayant comme spécificité d'être multifonctionnelle. La cavité est dotée de composants accordables, qui apportent la flexibilité nécessaire pour réaliser des fonctions allant de la génération d’impulsions aux profils complexes (solitons, bi-solitons, tri-solitons, etc) jusqu’à la sculpture des profils d’impulsion, en passant par la régulation des puissances crête, et la régénération de profils d’intensités sévèrement dégradés. La cavité laser que nous proposons a comme spécificité d'être pilotée par un composant clé, qui est un miroir à boucle optique non-linéaire (NOLM : Nonlinear Optical Loop Mirror) multifonction. Nous avons conçu ce NOLM en apportant des modifications structurelles dans l'architecture usuelle de ce dispositif, et en lui adjoignant : une fibre compensatrice de dispersion, un filtre passe bande à bande passante accordable, et un amplificateur (précédé d'un filtre égaliseur de gain, selon le besoin). Le NOLM ainsi conçu est doté de deux paramètres manuellement accordables, à savoir: la bande passante du filtre passe bande et la puissance de pompage de l'amplificateur. Ces deux paramètres permettent de régler sa fonction de transfert, et à accroître ainsi ses fonctionnalités et sa flexibilité. Ainsi, en plus de son rôle comme élément déclencheur du blocage de modes, ce NOLM réalise des fonctions optiques essentielles telles que la régénération des profils d'intensité fortement dégradés par des phénomènes de propagation ; ce qui contribue au renforcement de la stabilité du laser. Nous démontrons également la possibilité de réguler la puissance crête des impulsions, en la verrouillant à une valeur prédéfinie. Nous montrons enfin que le laser multifonction offre la possibilité de réaliser la sculpture des profils d'impulsion, c'est-à-dire, de générer des impulsions dotées d'une puissance crête et une largeur temporelle fixés à l'avance via un réglage approprié des paramètres de contrôle du NOLM.Les applications visées par ce laser multifonction, concernent toutes les activités qui requièrent des sources d'impulsions finement accordables, tant au niveau de puissance crête des impulsions que de leur largeur temporelle. Ces activités, nombreuses dans le domaine Télécom, incluent les opérations de remise en forme des porteuses d'information, les opérations de compression ou étirement de profil d'impulsion, les diagnostics de composants optiques et contrôles non destructifs des lignes de transmission par réflectométrieThe work of this thesis strives to provide a solution to the persistent problem of poverty of mode-locked fiber lasers, in terms of functionality and flexibility. The thesis proposes a fiber-laser cavity having the specificity of being multifunctional. The cavity is equipped with tunable components, which provide the flexibility to realize functions ranging from the generation of pulses with complex profiles (solitons, bi-solitons, tri-solitons, etc.) up to the carving of pulse profiles, passing through the regulation of peak powers, and the regeneration of severely degraded intensity profiles. The laser cavity that we propose has the specificity of being controlled by a key component, which is a multifunctional nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM). We have designed this NOLM by making structural modifications in the usual architecture of this device, and by adding to it: a dispersion compensating fiber, a bandpass filter with tunable bandwidth, and an amplifier (preceded by a gain flattening filter, as needed) with tunable gain. These two parameters make it possible to adjust its transfer function, and thus to increase its functionalities and its flexibility. Thus, in addition to its role as a trigger for mode locking, this NOLM performs essential optical functions such as the regeneration of strongly degraded intensity profiles; which contributes to strengthening the stability of the laser.We also show the possibility of regulating the pulse peak power by locking it around a predefined value. Finally, we show that the multifunction laser offers the possibility to carve pulse profiles, that is, to generate pulses endowed with a peak power and a temporal width set in advance through an appropriate adjustment of the NOLM control parameters. The applications targeted by this multifunction laser are those requiring pulses with finely tunable peak power and temporal width. These activities, include the pulse reshaping in Telecoms, operations of compression or stretching of pulse profiles, optical component diagnostics, and non-destructive control of transmission lines
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Tran, Christophe. "Les manifestations juridiques et fiscales du protectionnisme de l'Union : essai sur un mode durable de régulation du libre-échange." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1G004.
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Le droit de l’Union semble fondamentalement réticent à la résurgence du pendant antagoniste du libre-échange sous le vocable générique de protectionnisme. Pourtant, les manifestations juridiques et fiscales de ce protectionnisme de l’Union existent, variées en qualité et en intensité, et interpellent le juriste quant à la finalité poursuivie par l’entité souveraine qui le met en œuvre. Volonté de protection d’un intérêt propre et supérieur à l’intérieur de ses frontières ou volonté de domination du commerce international par le truchement d’instruments de défense mis au service d’une guerre commerciale, le protectionnisme peut-il être juridiquement fondé ou économiquement et politiquement opportun ? La combinaison est-elle possible ? De manière prospective, l’exigence de développement durable intégrée dans le droit de l’Union, dont la pertinence s’affirme à la lumière de la crise écologique, exhorte le juriste à penser le protectionnisme sous un angle durable dépassant la simple dimension économique. C’est à ces hypothèses, en contrariété assumée – mais nuancée – avec les libertés de circulation irriguant le droit de l’Union, que cette recherche est consacréeEuropean Law seems quite reluctant to trigger the opposite side of liberalism under the general term of protectionism. Thus, the legal and fiscal demonstrations of this type of protectionism from the EU do exist, as various in quality as in intensity, and challenge the lawyer towards the goal achieved by the sovereign entity that implements it. Willing to protect a proper and superior interest within its boundaries or willing to dominate world trade with defence instruments supporting trade war, can protectionism be lawfully based or economically and politically valuable? Is the combination possible? In a prospective way, sustainable development requirement contained in Union law, which goes increasingly relevant with regards to ecological crisis, urges the lawyer to rethink protectionism under a sustainable way that exceeds the only economical dimension. This research is dedicated to solving these hypotheses, with assumed – but nuanced – annoyance with Union law economic freedoms of movement
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Gerganova, Veneta [Verfasser], Georgi [Akademischer Betreuer] Muskhelishvili, Christian [Akademischer Betreuer] Hammann, Sebastian [Akademischer Betreuer] Springer, and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Berger. "Investigation of The Local and Global Effects of The Analogue and Digital Mode of Genetic Regulation in Escherichia coli / Veneta Gerganova. Betreuer: Georgi Muskhelishvili. Gutachter: Christian Hammann ; Georgi Muskhelishvili ; Sebastian Springer ; Michael Berger." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1087322383/34.
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Wahbi, Nasser. "L'autorité de régulation des marchés financiers : étude comparative France - Moyen-Orient." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020043.
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L’existence d’un « régulateur financier » ayant pour mission d’encadrer les marchés financiers est un phénomène répandu qui confronte les systèmes juridiques à une question délicate : celle de l’intégration de ce régulateur dans le paysage institutionnel classique. C’est cette question qui est au coeur de la recherche menée en droit comparé, en France et au Moyen-Orient. D’origine anglo-saxonne, la formule frappe par son originalité fonctionnelle et structurelle. L'appréciation du phénomène passe d'abord par l’étude de la spécificité de la fonction de régulation. Comment appréhender le fait que le régulateur financier cumule des compétences normatives, contentieuses et administratives ? Ne dessaisit -il pas le législateur, le juge et l’exécutif d'une partie de leur activité? L’analyse révèle que la raison d'être du régulateur financier est de fonctionner en complémentarité avec les pouvoirs de l’État. Ne constituant pas un quatrième pouvoir, le régulateur financier diffuse l’art de la régulation résultant de son statut de gendarme de la Bourse et de magistère moral. L’approche fonctionnelle est complétée par une analyse du statut du régulateur financier. Quel positionnement occupe-t-il, alors qu'il combine des éléments privés et publics ? L’étude montre que le régulateur financier résiste aux distinctions classiques. Dépassant les frontières public/privé, il est à mi-chemin entre l'Etat et le marché. Il se nourrit des valeurs du privé par l’association des professionnels dans la régulation, le recours à des mécanismes contractuels pour régler les différends et la soumission au contrôle du juge judiciaire. Mais il maintient en même temps un statut public spécifique en vue d’assurer son indépendance. Il en résulte l'émergence d'un nouveau mode d’action de troisième voie ayant pour objet la mise en oeuvre d'une nouvelle fonction de l'Etat qui est la régulation dont l'avènement nécessite la conception d'une formule institutionnelle inéditeThe existence of a "financial regulator" whose mission is to control the financial markets is a widespread phenomenon that faces legal systems with a delicate issue: that of the integration of this regulator in the classic institutional landscape. It is this question which is at the core of research in comparative law between France and the Middle East. The formula, being of an Anglo-Saxon origin, is intriguing for its functional and structural originality. The evaluation of this phenomenon begins with the study of the specificity of the regulatory function. The question is how to apprehend that the financial regulator combines normative, administrative and litigation functions. Would not it divest the legislator, the judge and the executive of a part of their own activities? The analysis reveals that the purpose of the financial regulator is to function as a complement to the State’s powers. The financial regulator doesn’t constitute a fourth power itself; it rather diffuses the art of the regulation resulting from its status as a markets watchdog and its moral authority. The functional approach is complemented by examining the status of the financial regulator. What position does it occupy while combining both private and public elements? The study shows that the financial regulator is resistant to conventional legal distinctions. It is halfway between the State and the market surpassing by that the boundaries of the public/private law. In fact, it is nourished by private values through associating professionals in the regulation, using contractual mechanisms to resolve disputes, and submission to the judicial court control. However, it maintains, at the same time, a specific public status to ensure its independence. The result is the emergence of a new third mode of action whose purpose is the exercise of a new function of the State, which is the regulation, whose advent requires designing an unprecedented institutional formula
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Buchs, Arnaud. "Observer, caractériser et comprendre la pénurie en eau : une approche institutionnaliste de l'évolution du mode d'usage de l'eau en Espagne et au Maroc." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00703273.
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Ce mémoire de thèse a pour objet la pénurie en eau. Face aux analyses techniques a-historiques centrées sur la rareté physique de l'eau, nous développons une problématique sociale-contingente pour laquelle les usages de l'eau sont au cœur de l'explication. La première partie correspond à l'étape d'observation. Elle a pour objectif de retracer l'évolution du mode d'usage de l'eau à Almeria (Andalousie) et à Marrakech et Agadir (Maroc) entre la fin du XIXe siècle et aujourd'hui. Considéré comme domaine d'observation, le mode d'usage de l'eau (Arrus) qualifie l'articulation d'un volet " économique ", relatif à l'ajustement réciproque de l'offre et des usages finals de l'eau produite (formalisé par des normes-procédures) et d'un volet " institutionnel ", relatif aux normes sociales (qualifiées de normes-règles) présidant à la définition des droits de disposition sur les ressources en eau. Pour chacun des trois terrains, cette étape comprend une étude de terrain qualitative combinée à une analyse historiographique et à une analyse textuelle de documents de planification selon la méthode Alceste. Cette étape débouche sur la formulation de quatre faits stylisés chronologiques traduisant la succession de quatre phases constitutives du cycle de vie d'un mode d'usage de l'eau particulier. La deuxième partie est d'ordre théorique. Elle correspond aux étapes de caractérisation et de compréhension. Ces deux étapes reposent sur la mobilisation d'une grille théorique nouvelle élaborée par Billaudot sur la base d'une mise en rapport de l'institutionnalisme de Commons et de l'institutionnalisme sociologique de l'approche interprétative de l'économie des conventions (Boltanski et Thévenot). Qualifiée d'institutionnalisme historique et pragmatique, cette approche se présente comme une perspective d'approfondissement de l'institutionnalisme historique de la théorie de la régulation. Elle a pour objectif d'articuler genèse et fonction des institutions et conduit notamment à associer à chacune des modalités de règlement des transactions de Commons une valeur de référence et un bien supérieur. Ainsi, le mode d'usage de l'eau particulier ayant connu une phase de régime en Espagne et au Maroc au cours de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle est qualifié d'" hydrauliciste ". Il se caractérise par une représentation de l'eau essentiellement comme ressource d'allocation, dont l'abondance obtenue par des infrastructures à haute intensité de génie civil constitue une des prérogatives de l'État " moderne " qui, en aval, régit également son usage. L'identification des principales caractéristiques du mode d'usage " hydrauliciste " permet d'aboutir à la troisième étape, à savoir la compréhension des déterminants de son entrée en crise à partir des années 1980. D'une part, cette crise porte sur l'arrivée à terme des régularités antérieures quant à l'ajustement réciproque de l'offre et des usages finals de l'eau produite : on constate une raréfaction des ressources primaires (on qualifie cet aspect de " crise de la régulation "). D'autre part, elle correspond à la remise en question du cadre institutionnel qui soutient le volet économique (on constate une " crise du fondement du régime "). Ainsi, les normes sont partiellement disqualifiées par un double processus de délocalisation en faveur d'une décentralisation de la gestion de l'eau. De plus, le caractère non soutenable du mode d'usage antérieur conduit à l'émergence d'aspirations écologistes concrétisées par la proposition de nouvelles normes d'usage. Le registre de socialisation écologique pour lequel l'eau est comprise comme un milieu de vie se renforce. Au final, nous aboutissons à l'identification d'un nouveau mode d'usage actuellement en vigueur. Nous montrons qu'il ne procède pas d'une rupture paradigmatique mais correspond à un " régime de crise ".
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Bellal, Samir. "Essai sur la crise du régime rentier d’accumulation en Algérie : une approche en termes de régulation." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO22004/document.
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Par-delà son aspect morphologique, l’accumulation du capital est avant tout une dynamique sociale dans laquelle les configurations que prennent les rapports sociaux jouent un rôle clé. La présente étude a pour but de montrer que dans le contexte particulier d’une économie rentière (type pétrolier, en l’occurrence), la question de la crise du régime rentier d’accumulation peut être appréhendée de façon particulièrement féconde à travers l’analyse de la combinaison des formes institutionnelles considérées comme fondamentales par l’Ecole de la régulation. L’étude se propose, sur la base d’une périodisation des formes institutionnelles, de caractériser successivement dans un premier temps les évolutions qui se sont produites dans les configurations concrètes de chacune des formes institutionnelles qui, ensemble, constituent un mode de régulation. Dans un second temps, il s’agit d’examiner la compatibilité des régulations partielles et leur aptitude à générer et piloter un nouveau régime d’accumulation qui soit en rupture avec le régime rentier. L’étude conclut que, paradoxalement, seule l’implication du politique, et donc de l’Etat, est à même de permettre la définition d’un arrangement institutionnel favorable à l’accomplissement d’une telle ruptureBeyond its morphological aspect, the capital accumulation is above all a social dynamics in which the configurations that take the social connections play a key role. The objective of the current research study is to show that within a particular context of a rent-oriented economy (oil, in the circumstances), the accumulation issue may be understood in a productive particular way through analyses of the forms of institutional combination, which are considered as fundamental by the Regulation School. Our investigation aims, on the basis of an institutional forms periodization, to characterize successively the evolutions that occurred within concrete configurations of each institutional form, which, together, form a mode of regulation. In a second phase, we examine the compatibility of the partial regulations, and their abilities to generate and command a new accumulation system breaking with the Rent-oriented régime. Our study concludes that, paradoxically, only the politics involvement, so the government, is able to determine an institutional arrangement favorable to accomplish such a break
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Vauchot, Blandine. "Efficacite et mode d'utilisation du x sur 2 especes de termites europeens, reticulitermes santonensis et reticulitermes (l. ) grassei. Transfert et regulation de la signature chimique chez deux especes de termites, reticulitermes santonensis et reticulitermes (l3. ) grassei, vivant en colonie mixte experimentale." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX11028.
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Dans une 1ere partie, nous avons teste l'efficacite d'un nouvel inhibiteur de croissance, le x, insecticide de la famille des benzoilphenylurees, contre 2 especes de termites, r. Santonensis et r. (l. ) grassei. Apres avoir determine quelle etait la formulation du produit la plus efficace et la concentration a utiliser, et apres avoir montre que le x se propageait rapidement a l'ensemble d'un groupe grace aux echanges trophallactiques entre les individus, nous avons utilise cet insecticide pour un traitement de terrain en technique d'appats. Les premiers resultats d'un traitement de ce type se sont averes tout a fait encourageants. Dans une 2eme partie, nous avons suivi l'evolution de la signature chimique des 2 especes de termites, r. Santonensis et r. (l. ) grassei maintenues artificiellement en colonie mixte experimentale. Ceci nous a permis de mieux comprendre les mecanismes impliques dans les phenomenes de regulation des produits cuticulaires, a l'origine de la cohesion d'une societe d'individus: transfert par contact des hydrocarbures allospecifiques, regulation selective des hydrocarbures, relargage des hydrocarbures allospecifiques a partir d'une structure inconnue, ou retour sur la cuticule de ces produits internalises mais non catabolises ou biosynthese de ces produits par les chaines enzymatiques utilisees pour les hydrocarbures homospecifiques, derive temporelle de la signature chimique
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Arciniegas-Mendez, Maryi. "Regulation in Software Engineering." Thesis, Proceedings of the Eighth International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7524.
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Collaboration has become an integral part of software engineering. The widespread availability and adoption of social channels has led to a culture where developers participate and collaborate more frequently with one another. While collaboration in software engineering has been studied extensively, models and frameworks do not adequately capture how development team members “regulate” themselves, one another, and their projects. I borrow the term “regulate” from the learning sciences to refer to mindful processes developers engage in to determine what tasks they need to complete and who should be involved, what their goals are relative to those tasks, how they should meet their goals, what domain knowledge needs to be manipulated, and why they use a particular approach or tool.
This research starts by borrowing constructs from the theory of regulated learning in the learning science domain, adapting and extending them as a model of collaboration for software engineering: the Model of Regulation. This model was composed to capture how individuals self-regulate their tasks, knowledge and motivation, how they regulate one another, and how they achieve a shared understanding of project goals and required tasks. The model provides a vocabulary for comparing and analyzing collaboration tools and processes. In this thesis, I present the Model of Regulation as a new and complementary theoretical model of collaboration for software engineering and showcase its potential by using the model to analyze features of a collaborative tool, gain insights into an open-source software development community and to create an instrument that investigates about collaboration practices and tool support in units of collaboration (e.g., group, project, community).Graduate
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Silva, Elaine Cristina. "A regulação da atividade de trabalho na produção enxuta." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/3666.
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Previous issue date: 2011-02-25Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
The use of lean manufacturing principles and techniques has been increasing considerably in companies over the past couple of decades. The employment of such techniques prompts profound transformations on both the project and work organization of the company that chooses to employ them. By this approach, companies that embrace the lean manufacturing model gain flexibility, acquire new principles, and adopt new techniques which enhance their manufacturing process management as well as their workforce management, supported upon the motivation of the worker as he performs his activities, upon team-work, and stimulated by qualification and engagement at work. The objective of this study is to deepen the knowledge of how workmen develop strategies and regulate work activities in productive situations that are planned and managed through principles and techniques based upon the lean manufacturing concept. In order to more clearly analyze the theme studied, a case study was conducted in the assembly line of a company that incorporated the lean manufacturing model to manage its manufacturing process. Work was analyzed through the analysis of activity, based on the precepts of the Ergonomic Analysis of Work. The case study certified that many aspects of the traditional assembly line remain evident in the lean assembly line; however, a new language is employed, due to the new culture and the more flexible model of lean manufacturing. Within the work situations that were analyzed in the case study, it was possible to establish some relevant aspects in the nature of regulations in which their relation to the lean techniques influence the strategies and operational modes of the workers during the process. Despite the diminishment of regulated space which takes place due to the application of lean manufacturing techniques, the operators continue to regulate work activities and fulfil production goals.
A utilização dos princípios e técnicas do modelo de produção enxuta tem crescido consideravelmente nas empresas nas últimas décadas. A ampliação da adoção das técnicas da produção enxuta nas empresas resulta em profundas transformações sobre o projeto e a organização do trabalho. Para essa abordagem, as empresas que adotam a produção enxuta passam a ser mais flexíveis, a ter novos princípios e a adotar novas técnicas na gestão da produção e da força de trabalho, apoiados na motivação do operário na execução de suas atividades, no trabalho em equipe, estimulados pelas qualificações e engajamento no trabalho. Diante disso, a ergonomia considera que as mudanças dos espaços de regulação fazem com que os trabalhadores adotem estratégias e modos operatórios a fim de regular seu estado interno e atingir os resultados esperados pela organização Esse estudo teve por objetivo aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre como os trabalhadores desenvolvem estratégias e regulam a atividade de trabalho em situações produtivas projetadas e geridas nos princípios e técnicas baseados na produção enxuta. Para melhor problematizar o tema estudado, foi realizado um estudo de caso em uma linha de montagem de uma empresa que adotou a produção enxuta como maneira de gerir a sua produção. O trabalho foi analisado utilizando como método a análise da atividade, apoiada nos pressupostos da Análise Ergonômica do Trabalho. No estudo de caso foi constatado que muitos aspectos da linha de montagem tradicional continuam evidentes na linha de montagem enxuta, porém utilizando-se de uma nova linguagem, devido à nova cultura, mais flexível do modelo de produção enxuta. Dentro das situações do trabalho analisado no estudo de caso foi possível constatar alguns aspectos relevantes na natureza das regulações, cuja relação com as técnicas enxutas influenciam nas estratégias e modos operatórios dos trabalhadores, durante o processo. Apesar da diminuição dos espaços de regulação com a utilização das técnicas da produção enxuta, os operadores, ainda assim, continuam a regular a atividade de trabalho e atingir os objetivos de produção.
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Astromskis, Paulius. "Model of Payday Lending Transactions Regulation." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20141223_094500-48379.
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Consumer credit has become a common source of finance for households, inevitable for the majority of them. Developments of credit markets that emerged as a result of economic hardship in 2008-2009, leads to the high relevance of the scientific researches on the topic. Traditional consumer loans provided by banks or credit unions are supplemented by the new debt instruments. The most popular and well known ones are payday loans (small amount, short term and high cost loans), having the high credit price (in APR terms) and are easily accessible. Because of such rapid growth and popularity of payday loans among socially vulnerable borrowers, these transactions became the object of regulation. The regulator here faces a very complex task - to balance the interests of the payday loan transaction parties (borrower and lender) throughout the process of the transaction. In the Baltic States, including Lithuania, payday lending transactions and their regulation is a well underexplored field of scientific research. Analysis of the scientific literature has revealed that there is a general disagreement on whether payday loans benefit or harm borrowers? Usually studies does not provide complete answer on how to regulate payday lending transactions in order to ensure access to credit and balance the interests of creditors and debtors. No one has offered a model of payday lending transactions regulation yet. Moreover, there is no generally established view on the balance of borrowers’ and... [to full text]Vartojimo kreditavimas yra įprastas namų ūkių poreikių finansavimo šaltinis, neišvengiamas daugeliui jų. Kreditavimo rinkos pokyčiai, atsiradę ekonomikos sunkmečio laikotarpiu 2008-2009 metais, lemia ypatingai didelį šios tematikos mokslinių tyrimų aktualumą. Tradicines bankų ar kredito unijų teikiamas vartojimo paskolas papildė nauji skolinimo instrumentai, tarp kurių populiarūs ir žinomi – mažieji vartojimo kreditai, pasižymintys aukšta palūkanų norma ir lengvu prieinamumu. Dėl mažųjų vartojimo kreditų populiarumo tarp socialiai pažeidžiamų asmenų ir augimo, šie sandoriai tapo reguliavimo objektu. Reguliuotojui čia kyla sudėtingas uždavinys subalansuoti reguliavimo objekto – mažojo vartojimo kreditavimo sandorio šalių (skolininko ir kreditoriaus) interesus šio sandorio proceso metu. Baltijos šalyse, įskaitant ir Lietuvoje, mažojo vartojimo kreditavimo sandoriai ir jų reguliavimas yra visiškai mokslininkų netyrinėtas reiškinys.Mokslinės literatūros analizė parodė, kad tyrėjai nesutaria ar visumoj mažieji vartojimo kreditai labiau padeda vartotojams, ar yra jiems labiau žalingi. Dažnai moksliniai tyrimai neatsako į klausimą - kaip reguliuoti mažojo vartojimo kreditavimo sandorius, kad būtų užtikrintas kredito prieinamumas ir subalansuota skolininko bei kreditorių interesų apsauga. Mokslinėje literatūroje nėra pasiūlyto mažojo vartojimo kreditavimo sandorių reguliavimo modelio, nėra nusistovėjusio požiūrio į priešingų skolininko ir kreditorių interesų balansavimą ar mažojo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Nguyen, An. "Mathematical model of competence regulation circuit." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/374173/.
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Gene expression regulatory networks are molecular networks which describe interactions among gene products in terms of biochemical reactions. This helps us understand the molecular mechanisms underlying important biological processes as well as cell functioning as a whole. For instance, the phenomenon of bacterial competence, whereby a bacterium enters a transiently differentiated state, incorporating DNA fragments from its environment into its genome, has been studied with the help of such gene regulatory circuits (Suel et al., 2006; Maamar and Dubnau, 2005). As a result, a genetic circuit has been taken into account in order to describe the transition from a vegetative state to a transient state of competence and vice versa. In this work, we are going to study a genetic circuit presented by Suel et al. (2007) to describe this dynamical behaviour. The authors introduce model reduction techniques to study the behaviour of stochastic chemical system of X species by means of an adiabatic two dimensional model. While the adiabatic model helps us understand about the dynamics near the steady state, it gives an incorrect description of the time-scales of the competent state. For this reason, it is necessary to build up a model which better describes the system realistically. In the thesis, I propose an approximate two-dimensional model of the full high-dimensional system and from that, the dynamics of the system can be simulated more accurately compared to that of Suel et al. (2007). I then show how to put the noise back into the approximate model to be able come up with a stochastic model which can mathematically describe the dynamical behaviour of the original high dimensional system. I also found out that the evolution of the system is not well approximated by a Langevin process. This leads to a gap between the real behavior which is described by Gillespie's stochastic simulation and the Langevin approximation. To overcome this, I have fixed the stochastic Langevin model by incorporating empirically tunable noise into the model so as to obtain a similar behaviour as observed in the original system. I also introduce the chemical Fokker-Planck equation aimed to estimate the probability density function of species concentrations which are involved in the biochemical system.
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GHANEM, AMER. "A Modular Gene Regulation Network Model of Artificial Ontogenesis." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1204580560.
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Swanberg, Susan Elizabeth. "Telomere length regulation in an avian model /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Gilkes, Daniele M. "Multiple modes of MDMX regulation affect p53 activation." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002312.
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Zhu, Yongjie. "Constrained nonlinear model predictive control for vehicle regulation." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1222177849.
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Rendeiro, André Figueiredo. "Regulation of Oikopleura dioica's alternative cell cycle modes." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/13425.
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Mestrado em Biologia Molecular e CelularThe eukaryotic cell cycle is one of the most studied biological processes. However, variations of the canonical cell cycle have been discovered and found to be more predominant than previously expected. Endoreplication and endocycling - two such variants - produce polyploid cells, conferring advantages in growth and genotoxic stress. Although some of the regulatory principles of these cycles are being discovered, little is known about how cells can transition from a mitotic cell cycle to them. Recently, it has been proposed that methylation of histone 3 lysine 79 (H3K79me) might have a function distinct from most histone modifications - a timer for a cell’s age -, for methylation of all H3K79 states is performed in a distributive fashion (unlike all other methylated lysines in histones) by Dot1 and no demethylase is known. Functional studies on Dot1 have shown aberrant patterns of replication, linking it directly to a cell’s ability to regulate its cell cycle. This project aims to study the mechanisms of transition between different cell cycle modes in Oikopleura dioica - a marine chordate employing endocycling extensively through its life cycle. We performed ChIP-seq on two antagonist transcription factors (E2F1 and E2F7) involved in the control of cell cycle progression that have been shown to have differential patterns of regulation in mitotic and endocycling cell cycle modes. Results reveal a high degree of spatial and temporal occupancy of both transcription factors in close proximity to transcription start sites, regulating genes with a function highly enriched for the control of replication and cell cycle. We set ourselves to perform an initial functional study of H3K79me in Oikopleura though Dot1 inhibition in developmental stages employing different cell cycle modes. This caused deregulation of proliferation patterns in different ways in the different cell cycle modes, highlighting a contribution of H3K79me to their regulation in Oikopleura.
O ciclo celular eucariótico é um dos processos biológicos mais estudados. No entanto, variações ao ciclo celular canónico têm sido descobertas e são mais predominantes do que anteriormente previsto. Endoreplicação e endociclos - duas variantes ao ciclo celular canónico - produzem células poliplóides, o que confere vantagens em crescimento e em resistência a stress genotóxico. Apesar de alguns dos princípios regulatórios de endociclos estarem a ser descobertos, ainda pouco é sabido sobre como podem células transitar do ciclo mitótico para eles. Recentemente foi proposto que a metilação da lisina 79 na histona H3 (H3K79me) possa ter uma função distinta da maior parte das modificações de histonas - ao ser um relógio para a idade celular - pois todos os estados de metilação de H3K79 são depositados numa maneira distributiva (ao contrário de todas as outras lisinas metiladas) pela metiltransferase Dot1, quando nenhuma demetilase é conhecida. Estudos funcionais da Dot1 mostraram padrões aberrantes de replicação, ligando-a directamente à capacidade de regulação dos ciclos celulares. Este trabalho dedica-se ao estudo dos mecanismos de transição entre os diferentes modos de ciclo celular em Oikopleura dioica - um organismo marinho do filo Chordata, classe Appendicularia - que usa endociclos extensivamente ao longo do seu ciclo de vida. Realizámos ChIP-seq em dois factores de transcrição (E2F1 e E2F7) antagonistas em ciclos mitóticos e endociclos. Sabe-se que estes factores estão involvidos no controlo da progressão do ciclo celular e que se sabe têm diferentes padrões de regulação nos diferentes ciclos. Os resultados revelam um grande proporção de co-localização spatio-temporal dos dois factores de transcrição em proximidade a sítios de iniciação de transcrição, regulando genes com funções no controlo de replicação e do ciclo celular. Proposemo-nos a um estudo inicial de caracterização funcional de H3K79me em Oikopleura através da inibição de Dot1 em estados de desenvolvimento que usam diferentes modos de ciclo celular. Isto provocou desregulação dos padrões de proliferação celular nos diferentes tipos de ciclo celular, mostrando uma contribuição de H3K79me para a sua regulação em Oikopleura.
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Burret, Antoine. "Etude de la configuration en Tiers-Lieu : la repolitisation par le service." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2001/document.
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Cette étude se propose de traiter le tiers-lieu en tant qu'objet. De le saisir dans toute sa complexité pour essayer d’en dégager toute la simplicité. Elle appréhende le tiers-lieu comme un concept à définir. Pour y parvenir elle construit une enquête qui se déplie en trois parties. Dans un premier temps, l’objet est approché sous l’angle de la terminologie par une étude des usages courants, professionnels et littéraires du terme, suivi de réflexions sur les notions de lieu et de tiers. Des représentations historiques des tiers-lieux sont ensuite analysées au travers des troisièmes lieux de Ray Oldenburg et de certaines structures sociales de la sphère publique habermassienne notamment les salons et les cafés de la bourgeoisie au XVIIIe siècle. Ce passage en revue permet de délimiter l’objet, d’en clarifier les propriétés et les usages. Il constitue également le point de départ et l’hypothèse d’une enquête exploratoire qui a déterminé la construction d’une posture d’investigation originale nécessairement engagée. Cette enquête s’est déroulée entre 2010 et 2015 auprès de services – espaces de coworking, fablabs, hackerspaces, makerspaces, biohackerspaces, etc. dans leur composition et recomposition successives - qui se désignent ou se présentent explicitement comme des tiers-lieux. Les singularités de ces tiers-lieux, la manière dont ils traduisent des valeurs qualitatives en valeurs juridiques et aussi en valeurs quantitatives, les rapports d’échange et les habitudes critiques des usagers contributeurs ainsi que les régimes de conception sont ensuite théorisés. À partir de l’ensemble de ces informations, une proposition de définition conceptuelle du tiers-lieu est formulée. Celle-ci envisage le tiers-lieu comme une configuration sociale particulière où se produit une rencontre entre des entités individuées qui s’engagent intentionnellement à la conception d’une représentation commune, c’est-à-dire à responsabilité partagée. Des invariants sont enfin posés comme l’esquisse d’une logique opératoire supposée déterminer la présence de la configuration en tiers-lieu. Cette procéduralisation présente une manière d’intervenir sur les règles par la conception de services. C’est ce dépassement de la discursivité qui distingue le tiers-lieu de l’espace public politiqueThe object of this research is the tiers-lieu, with the aim of grasping it in all its complexity in order to draw out its simplicity. The research treats the tiers-lieu as a concept to be defined. In order to achieve this, it sets out an investigation in three parts. Firstly, the object is approached from the perspective of terminology through a study of current users, professionals and literary writers’ use of the term, following reflections on the ideas of “lieu” and “tiers”. Historic representations of tiers-lieu are then analysed, through the “third places” of Ray Oldenburg and certain social structures of the Habermasian public sphere, particularly the salons and cafés of the 18th century bourgeoisie. This section, through examination, allows the delimitation of the object, clarifying its characteristics and its uses. It also establishes the starting point and the hypothesis of an exploratory enquiry which necessarily required a research approach involving active engagement. This enquiry was conducted between 2010 and 2015 though active involvement in services – coworking spaces, fablabs, hackerspaces, makerspaces, biohackerspaces, etc. in their composition and subsequent re-composition – which are labelled or present themselves explicitly as tiers-lieux. The singularities of tiers-lieux, the way in which they translate their qualitative values into legal values and quantitative values, the exchange relationships and the critical habits of contributing users together with design structures are then analysed. From all this information, a proposed conceptual definition of tiers-lieu is formulated. This envisages the tiers-lieu as a particular social configuration which produces a meeting between individual entities who engage intentionally in the design of a common representation, that is to say a shared responsibility. Patterns are finally set out in order to outline an operating logic for determining the presence of a tiers-lieu configuration. This procedural approach provides a way of intervening in regulations through the design of services. It is this going beyond discursivity that distinguishes tiers-lieux from the public political arena
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Jayapravitra, Yudh. "Telecommunications regulation in the convergence era : developing a theory of divergent regulation, a divergent licensing model, and the NTC licensing model." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609073.
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Moon, Nam Sung 1972. "Modes and regulations of CDPCux DNA binding." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38244.
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The CDP/Cux transcription factor contains four DNA binding domains: three Cut repeats (CR1, CR2 and CR3) and the Cut homeodomain (HD). The CCAAT-displacement protein (CDP) was first identified as it represses transcription of certain promoters by competing for the occupancy of the CCAAT sequence. CDP was then found to be the ortholog of the Drosophila Cut protein (Cux: Cu t homeobox&barbelow;). The goal of my project was to define the modes of interactions of CDP/Cux with DNA. I demonstrated that high affinity DNA binding requires the cooperation between at least two of the CDP/Cux DNA binding domains. Among all combinations of domains, Cut repeats 1 and 2 (CR1CR2) and Cut repeat 3 and the Cut homeodomain (CR3HD) exhibited the highest DNA binding affinities, but with different kinetics and specificities. Whereas CR1CR2 bound with fast kinetics to dimers of CART or CGAT, CR3HD bound to ATCGAT with slow kinetics. CR1CR2 was shown to be responsible for the CCAAT displacement activity of CDP/Cux. Surprisingly, the full-length CDP/Cux protein, p200, exhibited DNA binding properties similar to that of CR1CR2, indicating that CR3HD is inactive in this context. However, an amino terminally truncated 110 KDa CDP/Cux isoform capable of stable interaction with DNA was identified in cellular extracts. The p110 isoform was shown to be generated by proteolytic cleavage of p200 at the G1/S transition. The p200 and p110 isoforms displayed different transcriptional activities in reporter assays, as only p110 was able to activate transcription from the DNA polymerase a gene promoter. Interestingly, expression of p110 was found to be increased in human uterine leiomyomas as compared to the adjacent normal myometrium, raising the possibility that proteolytic processing of CDP/Cux is activated in cancer cells. Finally, cyclin D/CDK4 was shown to interact with CDP/Cux, phosphorylate it on several serine residues and inhibit proteolytic processing as well as DNA binding by CR3HD. Repla
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Zeng, Fanli. "Novel Modes of Regulation of Cyclin Dependent Kinase Cdk1." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/133357.
Full textAbstract:
Les quinases dependents de ciclina (CDKs) dirigeixen la progressió del cicle cel·lular a
les cèl·lules eucariotes. A l’organisme eucariota model Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(llevat de gemmació) una sola quinasa dependent de ciclina, Cdk1, és essencial i
suficient per dirigir el cicle cel·lular. Unida alternativament a ciclines de fase G1, S i
G2/M, Cdk1 regula els programes transcripcionals del cicle cel·lular, la replicació i
segregació dels cromosomes, la dinàmica del fus mitòtic, el creixement cel·lular polar,
la morfogènesi, etc. La desregulació de l’activitat CDK promou la proliferació
descontrolada i la inestabilitat genòmica.
Donada la seva funció essencial en la progressió del cicle cel·lular, Cdk1 és
estretament regulada per proteïnes associades (les ciclines, Cks1, i inhibidors de les
CDKs –CKIs) i per modificacions post-traduccionals. Tanmateix, molts detalls de la
regulació de Cdk1 romanen desconeguts, com és el cas de com les activitats CDK de
fase G1 o de fase M són inhibides en resposta a determinats estressos cel·lulars.
Quan la progressió del cicle cel·lular és amenaçada per la presència d’estressos
genotòxics tals com l’estrès replicatiu o la presència de dany al DNA, un mecanisme de
vigilància, l’anomenat checkpoint de la fase S, s’activa per tal de protegir la integritat
del genoma. Al llevat de gemmació, el checkpoint de la fase S és mediat per la quinasa
Mec1 (ATR/ATM a humans) i la seva quinasa efectora Rad53 (Chk2 a humans).
Per explorar si la quinasa efectora Rad53 regula Cdk1 en resposta a estrès
genotòxic, hem explorat dues qüestions principals: (1) la fosforilació de Cdk1 per
Rad53 i (2) la regulació per Rad53 de proteïnes associades a Cdk1.
Pel que fa a la primera qüestió, aprofitant un assaig quinasa in vitro amb Rad53,
mostrem que Cdk1 és fosforilat directament per Rad53. Hem identificat
proteòmicament dos llocs de Cdk1 (Ser46, Ser258) fosforilats per Rad53 in vitro. Les
cèl·lules dirigides per l’al·lel no-fosforilable (Cdk1-2A) mostren un fenotip wee,
compatible amb una activitat CDK incrementada/desregulada. Les cèl·lules dirigides
per l’al·lel fosfomimètic (Cdk1-2E) són allargades i més grans que les cèl·lules
silvestres, compatible amb una activitat CDK reduïda. A més, assignem i quantifiquem
les diferents formes fosforilades de Cdk1 in vivo mitjançant electroforesi Phos-tag.
Respecte la segona qüestió, hem identificat proteòmicament proteïnes associades
a Cdk1 en presència d’estrès replicatiu en forma dependent de Rad53. Hem estudiat en
detall el producte del gen de funció desconeguda YPL014W, que bategem Cip1 (per
Cdk1 Interacting Protein 1), que obté la puntuació més alta en l’anàlisi. Les nostres
dades mostren que Cip1 és una proteïna regulada al llarg del cicle cel·lular. A més,
l’abundància de Cip1 s’incrementa en forma dependent de Rad53 en presència d’estrès
replicatiu. La sobre-expressió de Cip1 bloqueja les cèl·lules a fase G1 i estabilitza el
CKI de fase S Sic1 in vivo. A més, Cip1 interacciona específicament amb el complex de
fase G1 Cln2-Cdk1, però no amb el complex de fase S Clb5-Cdk1 or el de fase M
Clb2-Cdk1. Cip1 inhibeix l’activitat Cln2-CDK tant in vivo com in vitro. Els nostres
resultats suggereixen que Cip1 pot ser un nou CKI de l’activitat CDK de fase G1.Cyclin dependent kinases are drive cell division cycle progression in eukaryotic cells. In the model eukaryotic organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) a single Cyclin Dependent Kinase, Cdk1, is essential and sufficient to drive the cell cycle. Alternately bound to G1, S and G2/M phase cyclins, Cdk1 regulates cell cycle transcriptional programs, chromosome replication and segregation, spindle dynamics, polarized cell growth, morphogenesis, etc. Misregulated CDK activity induces unscheduled proliferation as well as genomic instability. Given its essential function in cell cycle progression, Cdk1 is tightly regulated by binding partners (cyclins, Cks1 and Cyclin dependent Kinase Inhibitors -CKIs) and post-translational modifications. However, many details on Cdk1 regulation remain unknown, such as how G1 or mitotic CDK activities are inhibited in response to challenging conditions. When the cell cycle progression is challenged by genotoxic stress such as DNA replication stress or DNA damage, a surveillance mechanism, the S phase checkpoint is activated to protect the integrity of the genome. In the budding yeast the S phase checkpoint is mediated by the Mec1 kinase (ATR/ATM in humans) and its downstream effector kinase Rad53 (Chk2 in humans). To explore whether the effector kinase Rad53 regulates Cdk1 in response to genotoxic stress, we have been exploring two main avenues: (1) Cdk1 phosphorylation by the S phase checkpoint effector kinase Rad53 and (2) Rad53 dependent regulation of Cdk1 associated factors. With respect to the first question, taking advantage of a Rad53 in vitro kinase assay, we show that recombinant Cdk1 is directly phosphorylated by Rad53. We also proteomically identified two sites of Cdk1 (Ser46, Ser258) phosphorylated by Rad53 in vitro. Cells carrying the non-phosphorylatable Cdk1 allele (Cdk1-2A) display a wee phenotype, compatible with increased/unrestrained CDK activity. Cells carrying the phosphomimetic Cdk1 allele (Cdk1-2E) are elongated and larger in size than wild type cells. Moreover, we also assign and quantify the different phosphorylation forms of Cdk1 in vivo using Phos-tag electrophoresis technology. With respect to the second question, we have proteomically identified proteins associated with Cdk1 in the presence of replication stress in a Rad53 dependent manner. The product of the unknown function gene YPL014W, which we name Cip1 (for Cdk1 Interacting Protein 1), with the highest score, is further studied. Our data shows that Cip1 is a cell cycle regulated protein. In addition, the abundance of Cip1 increases in a Rad53 dependent manner upon DNA replication stress. Overexpression of Cip1 blocks cells in G1 and stabilizes the S-phase-Cdk1 inhibitor Sic1 in vivo. Moreover, Cip1 specifically interacts with G1 phase Cln2-Cdk1 but not with S phase Clb5-Cdk1 or M phase Clb2-Cdk1. Cip1 inhibits Cln2-CDK activity both in vivo and in vitro. Our finding suggests that Cip1 may be a novel CKI of G1 phase CDK activity.
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Lund, Lars H. "Regulation of gene and protein expression : two model systems /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-512-7/.
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Davies, G. J. "Towards an agent-based model for risk-based regulation." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2010. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/5662.
Full textAbstract:
Risk-based regulation has grown rapidly as a component of Government decision making, and as such, the need for an established evidence-based framework for decisions about risk has become the new mantra. However, the process of brokering scientific evidence is poorly understood and there is a need to improve the transparency of this brokering process and decisions made. This thesis attempts to achieve this by using agent-based simulation to model the influence that power structures and participating personalities has on the brokering of evidence and thereby the confidence-building exercise that characterises risk-based regulation. As a prerequisite to the adoption of agent-based techniques for simulating decisions under uncertainty, this thesis provides a critical review of the influence power structure and personality have on the brokering of scientific evidence that informs risk decisions. Three case studies, each representing a different perspective on risk-based regulation are presented: nuclear waste disposal, the disposal of avian-influenza infected animal carcases and the reduction of dietary salt intake. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with an expert from each case study, and the logical sequence in which decisions were made was mapped out and used to inform the development of an agent-based simulation model. The developed agent-based model was designed to capture the character of the brokering process by transparently setting out how evidence is transmitted from the provider of evidence to the final decision maker. It comprises of two agents, a recipient and provider of evidence, and draws upon a historic knowledge base to permit the user to vary components of the interacting agents and of the decision-making procedure, demonstrating the influence that power structure and personality has on agent receptivity and the confidence attached to a number of different lines of evidence. This is a novel step forward because it goes beyond the scope of current risk management frameworks, for example, permitting the user to explore the influence that participants have in weighing and strengthening different lines of evidence and the impact this has on the final decision outcome.
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Eisenlohr-Moul, Tory Anne. "SELF-REGULATION AND LIVER FUNCTION: EXPANDING AN ECOLOGICAL MODEL." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/156.
Full textAbstract:
Under conditions of high self-regulatory effort, peripheral organ systems have been found to slow, potentially to rearrange energetic priorities in favor of the brain. The present study tested an expansion of this model by exploring the possibility that alcohol metabolism (i.e., liver function) may slow during self-regulation. We also anticipated that high trait self-control would attenuate the effect of condition on metabolism. Twelve males aged 21-25 completed two conditions in counterbalanced order. During each session, the participant received 0.33 ml/kg of absolute alcohol for a target peak blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.03 g%. Participants then performed tasks (self-regulatory tasks in the high self-regulation condition and identical tasks without a self-regulatory component in the low self-regulation condition) and BAC was measured throughout. Although there was no main effect of condition, trait self-regulation moderated the effect of condition on alcohol metabolism such that only those with lower trait self-control had slower alcohol metabolism under high self-regulatory effort. These results provide support for the hypothesis that liver function may indeed be altered by self-regulatory effort. In addition to suggesting the liver as a target organ for psychophysiological research, these data provide further support for slowing of peripheral systems during high self-regulatory demand.
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Trandafir, Simona Carmen. "A strategic model of investment and price competition among container ports /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2009. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3367999.
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Kadri, Sabah. "miRNA Regulation in Development." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/186.
Full textAbstract:
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small (20-23 nt), non-coding single stranded RNA molecules that play an important role in post-transcriptional regulation of protein-coding genes. miRNAs have been found in all animal lineages, and have been implicated as critical regulators during development in multiple species. The echinoderms, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (sea urchin) and Patiria miniata (sea star) are excellent model organisms for studying development due to their well-characterized transcriptional gene networks, ease of working with their embryos in the laboratory and phylogenetic position as invertebrate deuterostomes. Literature on miRNAs in echinoderm embryogenesis is limited. It has been shown that RNAi genes are developmentally expressed and regulated in sea urchin embryos, but no study in the sea urchin has examined the expression of miRNAs.
The goal of my work has been to study miRNA regulation in echinoderm developmental gene networks. I have identified developmentally regulated miRNAs in sea urchin and sea star embryos, using a combination of computational and wet lab experimental techniques. I developed a probabilistic model (named HHMMiR) based on hierarchical hidden Markov models (HHMMs) to classify genomic hairpins into miRNA precursors and random stem-loop structures. I then extended this model to make an efficient decoder by introduction of explicit state duration densities. We used the Illumina Genome Analyzer to sequence small RNA libraries in mixed stage population of embryos from one to three days after fertilization of S. purpuratus and P. miniata. We developed a computational pipeline for analysis of these miRNAseq data to reveal the miRNA populations in both species, and study their differential expression. We also used northern blots and whole mount in situ hybridization experimental techniques to study the temporal and spatial expression patterns of some of these miRNAs in sea urchin embryos. By knocking down the major components of the miRNA biogenesis pathway, we studied the global effects of miRNAs on embryo morphology and differentiation genes. The biogenesis genes selected for this purpose are the RNAse III enzyme, Dicer and Argonaute. Dicer is necessary for the processing of mature miRNAs from hairpin structures while Ago is a necessary part of the RISC (RNA interference silencing complex) assembly, which is required for the miRNA to hybridize to its target mRNA site. Knocking down these genes hinders normal development of the sea urchin embryo and leads to loss of the larval skeleton, a novel phenotype not seen in sea stars, as well as abnormal gastrulation. Comparison of differentiation gene marker expression between control and Ago knocked down sea urchin embryos shows interesting patterns of expansion and suppression of adjoining some embryonic territories, while ingression of larval skeletogenesis progenitors does not occur.
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Christie, Christopher Robert. "Calcium/Phosphate Regulation: A Control Engineering Approach." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54014.
Full textAbstract:
Calcium (Ca) homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable plasma Ca concentration in the human body in the presence of Ca variability in the physiological environment (e.g. by ingestion and/or excretion). For normal physiological function, the total plasma Ca concentration must be maintained within a very narrow range (2.2-2.4mM). Meeting such stringent requirements is the task of a regulatory system that employs parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitriol (CTL) to regulate Ca flux between the plasma and the kidneys, intestines and bones. On the other hand, plasma phosphate control is less tightly, but simultaneously, regulated via the same hormonal actions. Chronic imbalances in plasma Ca levels are associated with disorders of the regulatory organs, which cause abnormal hormonal secretion and activity. These changes in hormonal activity may lead to long-term problems, such as, osteoporosis (increased loss of bone mineral density), which arises from primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) – hyper secretion of PTH.
Existing in silico models of Ca homeostasis in humans are often cast in the form of a single monolithic system of differential equations and are not easily amenable to the sort of tractable quantitative analysis from which one can acquire useful fundamental insight. In this research, the regulatory systems of plasma Ca and plasma phosphate are represented as an engineering control system where the physiological sub-processes are mapped onto corresponding block components (sensor, controller, actuator and process) and underlying mechanisms are represented by differential equations. Following validation of the overall model, Ca-related pathologies are successfully simulated through induced defects in the control system components.
A systematic approach is used to differentiate PHPT from other diseases with similar pathophysiologies based on the unique hormone/ion responses to short-term Ca disturbance in each pathology model. Additionally, based on the changes in intrinsic parameters associated with PTG behavior, the extent of PHPT progression can be predicted and the enlarged gland size estimated a priori.
Finally, process systems engineering methods are used to explore therapeutic intervention in two Ca-related pathologies: Primary (PHPT) and Secondary (SHPT) Hyperparathyroidism. Through parametric sensitivity analysis and parameter space exploration, the calcium-sensing receptor (sensor) is identified as a target site in both diseases and the extent of potential improvement is determined across the spectrum of severity of PHPT. The findings are validated against existing drug therapy, leading to a method of predicting drug dosage for a given stage of PHPT. Model Predictive Control is used in drug therapy in SHPT to customize the drug dosage for individual patients given the desired PTH outcome, and drug administration constraints.Ph. D.
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Peters, David G. "Characterisation of GATA binding proteins using Aspergillus nidulans as a model organism." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240865.
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Keller, Lisa A. "Current-mode control of a magnetic amplifier post regulator." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02132009-171329/.
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