Academic literature on the topic 'Model City Areas'

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Journal articles on the topic "Model City Areas"

1

Cappelle, Cindy, Maan E. El Najjar, François Charpillet, and Denis Pomorski. "Virtual 3D City Model for Navigation in Urban Areas." Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems 66, no. 3 (July 8, 2011): 377–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10846-011-9594-0.

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Dimitrov, H., and D. Petrova-Antonova. "3D CITY MODEL AS A FIRST STEP TOWARDS DIGITAL TWIN OF SOFIA CITY." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B4-2021 (June 30, 2021): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b4-2021-23-2021.

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Abstract. Semantic 3D city models are increasingly applied for a wide range of analysis and simulations of large urban areas. Such models are used as a foundation for development of city digital twins, representing with high accuracy the landscapes and urban areas as well as dynamic of the city in terms of processes and events. In this context, this paper presents a 3D city model, which is a starting point for development of digital twin of Sofia city. The 3D model is compliant with CityGML 2.0 in LOD1, supporting integration of the buildings and terrain and enriching the buildings’ attributes with address information. District Lozenets of Sofia city is chosen as a pilot area for modelling. An approach for 3D transformation of proprietary geospatial data into CityGML schemas is presented. The integration of the buildings and terrain is an essential part of it, since the buildings often partially float over or sink into the terrain. A web application for user interaction with the 3D city model is developed. Its main features include silhouetting a single building, showing relevant overlay content, displaying shadows and styling of buildings depending on their attributes.
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Hiraishi, Tetsuya, and Tomohiro Yasuda. "Numerical Simulation of Tsunami Inundation in Urban Areas." Journal of Disaster Research 1, no. 1 (August 1, 2006): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2006.p0148.

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The population and property in urban areas facing waterfronts is rapidly increasing together with the probability that a huge tsunami will occur on the Pacific Rim. The huge potential damage reflects the need to develop a highly accurate simulation model for tsunami inundation to help mitigate tsunami effects. We developed a simulation model to estimate the inundation depth and speed of tsunamis in urban areas. The model was applied to calculate the vari- ation of inundation areas in a model city facing Tokyo Bay. Experiments of tsunami inundation in the model city on a 1/50 scale was carried out for validation of the numerical model.
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4

Supriatna, S., Sri Fauza Pratiwi, Kuswantoro Marko, Masita Dwi Mandini Manessa, and Yoanna Ristya. "Spatial Dynamics of Tsunami Prone Areas in Pariaman City, West Sumatera." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 1474–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.8828.

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Pariaman City is one of cities in Indonesia that has a very high incidence of earthquakes both on land and under the sea. This is caused the Pariaman City region is directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean which is the convergence for two tectonic plates, namely the Eurasian Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate. One of these plates goes down into the other plate then it happens the subduction. Subduction earthquakes that result from convergence two plates very active in generating tsunami waves. This study aims to analyze the spatial dynamics model for tsunami prone areas in Pariaman City by using the Cellular Automata-Markov Chains (CA-MC) method, this method is used to modeling tsunami prone areas in Pariaman City in 2030 based on driving factors that given to models. Driving factors used in this study are elevation, slope, distance from the coastline, distance from the road, and distance from the river. CA-MC presents land cover changes depend on neighboring cells. After the model is generated, then analyzed based on Pariaman City spatial plan in 2030 to be compared. To obtain tsunami prone areas, the prediction model for 2030 land cover is overlaid with tsunami hazard. The results showed that from 2018 to 2030, there was an increase in tsunami prone areas with low, medium and high classes in settlements areas.
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Machmud, Hadi, and Nur Alim. "Multicultural Learning Model of PAUD in Coastal Areas." Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini 2, no. 2 (December 6, 2018): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v2i2.74.

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Early Childhood Education in coastal areas is different from PAUD on land, this diversity requires a learning model that can bond togetherness indifference, a learning model that instills values and norms in a learning process. This article offers a learning model that fits the characteristics of early childhood in the Pesisir city of Kendari. This model can bring innovative ideas that demand the creativity of teachers and high school authorities involved in making their own decisions, planning, and implementation. It takes a leap to be able to catch up due to the neglect of local wisdom that has experienced many obstacles in the learning process at school.
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Nurhamidah, Nurhamidah, Bujang Rusman, and Bambang Istijono. "A Raster-based model for flood inundation mapping on delta lowland." MATEC Web of Conferences 229 (2018): 03012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822903012.

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A high intensity of rainfall experiences flooding in some areas. Flooding can be caused by several aspects, such as inadequate urban drainage, reduce the porous surface due to rapid development and the topography of the area itself. Flood has always been a scourge for the inhabitants of Padang city. Especially when there are a heavy-rain and long duration, certainly flood will hit some places in Padang city. Therefore, many things that must be considered by the local government in overcoming the problem of this flood, including improvements of the drainage system, reforestation and create the polders. In this research, it is described the area of the prone area in Padang city with spatial analysis tools which are approached in the Geographical Information System. Based on the topography of the Padang city, inundated areas and flood direction will be presented in case of the heavy rain occurs. From the analysis, there are several points of vulnerable inundation in Padang city that are generally located in densely populated areas and main roads in Padang city which can be considered for the future planning.
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7

Cieplińska, Jagienka, and Agnieszka Szmelter-Jarosz. "Toward Most Valuable City Logistics Initiatives: Crowd Logistics Solutions’ Assessment Model." Central European Management Journal 28, no. 2 (June 15, 2020): 38–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7206/cemj.2658-0845.21.

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Introduction: Crowd logistics is a widely accepted concept in times of the growing popularity of sharing economy solutions. The popularity of e-commerce and a tendency to provide same-day delivery are the main reasons for their development. Developing those trends requires new products and services, now available on the market, known in the transport area as crowd logistics solutions. Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to provide a tool for assessing crowd-logistics solutions, taking into consideration customers’ requirements. The text includes groups of environmental, economic, and social criteria to facilitate the choice of the best crowd logistics solution for freight transport. Methodology: The research is based on the critical analysis of different sources (literature, European Commission reports, other reports and analyses) and practical solutions in the field of crowd logistics. The main data analysis method is the Analytic Hierarchy Process, usually used to evaluate variants in decision-making processes. This method was chosen because of the variety of data types (quantitative and qualitative) and formats, its popularity, universality, and replicability. Results: This paper contains ready-to-use weights for the assessment of crowd logistics solutions. The proposed set of criteria and weights can be a useful tool for customers to evaluate the sharing- -economy services landscape in the areas they manage.
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Farelnik, Eliza, and Agnieszka Stanowicka. "Smart City, Slow City and Smart Slow City as Development Models of Modern Cities." Olsztyn Economic Journal 11, no. 4 (December 30, 2016): 359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/oej.2938.

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The objective of the study is characteristics of two development concepts of modern cities, i.e. smart city and slow city, and showing the possibilities of combining them in the proposed slow city model, drawing upon the assumptions of a smart city, which was determined as the smart slow city. Conclusions mainly rely on the performed reference literature studies (using the critical literature review method), which allowed for a synthetic presentation of the characteristics of the two discussed models of development, which are the basis for an independent description of the city model that unites these two approaches. The comparison of city development models was made on the basis of the following characteristics: the genesis of the city development idea, the rate of changes and the model of life related to it, key city development factors, the main objective of changes, key actors, activity areas, specialisation, scale of urban centres, city image, level of development policy, significance of cooperation, determinants or limitations in the implementation of the city development concept. Such an attempt of combining, by modern cities, of the potential offered by two development concepts (smart city and slow city), may contribute to the creation of an image of a modern city, the so-called smart slow city which, as a member of the Cittaslow network, considers the quality of residents' life as a priority, and uses modern technological solutions.
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Quintero Soto, María Luisa, and María de Lourdes Morales Flores. "Model planned abortion in Mexico City." Revista de Investigación Académica Sin Frontera: División de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales, no. 30 (April 17, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46589/rdiasf.v0i30.301.

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Reproductive health policies, centered on the decriminalization of abortion, involve effects on beliefs, attitudes, intentions and behaviors of abortion. As women get older, education and income, rationally choose an abortion, but are far from ideal for procreation is 22 years old. The aim of this study is to establish the factorial structure of scales measuring four factors and 28 indicators (seven per factor) relating to the termination of pregnancy. Consequently, it conducted a non experimental, transversal and exploratory study with a nonrandom selection of 145 students. From a structural model ?? 2 = 346.57 (57gl) p = 0.000; CFI = 0.990; GFI = 0.995; RMSEA = 0.005; R 2 = 0,35?las intentions determined behavior (? = 0.64), but the factor solution was explained by beliefs (alpha = 0.781; 35% of the total variance explained). However, the context, the selection of the sample and the type of analysis prevents data generalize to other areas. It is recommended to perform a confirmatory factor analysis with a probabilistic sample selection in the population of the town.
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Pasaribu, Riza Aitiando, Pandu Setya Budi, Muhamad Abdul Ghofur Al Hakim, Farel Ahadyatulakbar Aditama, and Nurina Hanum Ayuningtyas. "Coastal Inundation Model in the Coastal Area of Palopo City, South Sulawesi Province." Journal of Applied Geospatial Information 5, no. 1 (April 22, 2021): 451–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.30871/jagi.v5i1.2791.

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The impact of sea-level rise is perceived by many archipelagic countries such as Indonesia. The higher the sea level rises every year, the larger the disaster threat in the coastal area. The current condition of most coastal areas indicates various pressures caused by city development, including the coastal area of Palopo City in South Sulawesi Province. The sea-level rise is suspected to be the cause of coastal inundation in Palopo City which, so far has not been identified. Therefore, this study aims to draw a coastal vulnerability map of sub-districts in Palopo caused by coastal inundation using GIS technology. Analysis of the areas affected by coastal inundation is carried out by processing spatial data. The sub-districts areas affected by coastal inundation are only those located in the coastal zones. The affected area in Bara, Wara Selatan, Wara Utara, Wara Timur, and Telluwana sub-districts are 160.64 ha, 21.41 ha, 73.55 ha, 87.56 ha, and 56.65 ha, respectively. In Bara Sub-district, the areas affected by coastal inundation are residential and mangrove conservation areas. The affected areas in Telluwana Sub-district are residential, production forest, coastal conservation, and mangrove conservation areas. The affected areas in Wara Selatan, Wara Timur, and Wara Utara Sub-districts are all residential areas. By using sea-level rise data of 27 years with its highest tide model, the coastal inundation in 2040 which is predicted to occur in Palopo City can be modeled properly.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Model City Areas"

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Maoh, Hanna Francis. "Modeling firm demography in urban areas with an application to Hamilton, Ontario: towards an agent-based microsimulation model /." *McMaster only, 2005.

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KUNDRA, VISHAL. "THE EFFECTS OF SUBURBAN NON-RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT ON THE ENVIRONMENT." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1025205665.

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Salminen, Anna, and Daniel Hägglöf. "City Information Model - CIM : Benefits with an integrated city information model in the area of technical aspects." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-28543.

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An important part for projects, organizations etc. is to have a good system of how to manage information so that it´s constantly updated, accurate and available for all affected operators. Current degree project is performed on behalf of the IT-company Eurostep AB who has developed a software named Share-A-space for information management and they are now interested to see if there are any demands for Share-A-space in the field of urban development. During the degree project, a model was built using Share-A-space and the model is called CIM (City Information Model). The objective with the degree project was to investigate how information is managed today at the Administration of Urban Development, Stadsbyggnadsförvaltningen, at Eskilstuna municipality and if CIM would facilitate their work. A deeper investigation was made to locate where processes can be more efficient and how functions that CIM contains would be helpful. The degree project contains a literature study, a case study and a result where the literature study contains an environment monitoring, today’s visions of a future coherent digital work approach within municipalities and procedures for urban development. The case study contains information how Eskilstuna municipality is managing information, it also contains a description of how the model was built. The result contain information of how the model operates and the responds from interviews performed after a presentation of the model at the municipality. This degree project concludes that CIM in some ways definitely could be a valid alternative in the municipal work. The municipality didn’t see any benefits by having access to all technical information regarding all specific objects in the city. Processes would on the other hand, become more efficient and CIM would be a helpful tool in planning processes and contribute to make the municipal work more transparent. There were functions in CIM, especially the function to “travel in time”, that was considered extra useful for the employees at the municipality when planning the city but also for private residence to receive a greater understanding of future plans. To implement CIM would, on the other hand, be a resource demanding process which the municipality can´t perform at the moment without receiving financial support.
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Limpattanasiri, Wisit. "MAXIMAL COVERING LOCATION MODELS OF EMERGENCY AMBULANCE CONSIDERING HEAVY TRAFFIC CONGESTION IN URBAN AREAS." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/180486.

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Manning, Isaac Hall. "Cary Cortona: an alternative development model for the Research Triangle Area." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53084.

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Cary-Cortona is a city that lies on the periphery of two realities; the reality of pragmatism and the reality of abstraction. It was conceived as a response to the pragmatic questions posed by an uncertain, yet impending future. It was nurtured by the correlation of vaguely related information until the facts and figures themselves became an abyss of abstraction. From the cavernous depths of information came a night of dreams when Cary-Cortona first emerged as walls and columns that began to form a city of arcades and courtyards. On that night the inhabitants walked the streets and alleys and the fragments of a dream became the very real elements of a living town. The subconscious residue of that dream flowed together as expressions of order, hierarchy, and form, drawn into existence through the media of models, drawings and sketches. Those formal expressions have taken on a reality of their own even when seen as abstractions through pragmatic eyes because they represent aspirations not yet realized. Cary-Cortona is very much alive in the realm of ideas, and as an idea it can emote a different series of images from each viewer who sees it. Just as there are limitless images of the future each tied to the individual, Cary-Cortona represents only one aspiration for a small corner of a vast future. In its present form Cary-Cortona is an adolescent in a purgatory between the two realities of abstraction and pragmatism, belonging to neither world completely, yet existing to be judged and scrutinized by both.
Master of Architecture
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Wennhall, Inger. "The Rosengård study : outcome of an oral health programme for preschool children in a low socio-economic multicultural area in the city of Malmö, Sweden /." Malmö, Sweden : Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, 2008. http://dspace.mah.se/handle/2043/6099?mode=full&submit_simple=Show+full+item+record.

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Cakir, Bilge. "Urban Coastal Settlements: Implementation Of A Coastal Area Assessment Model In Iskenderun Case." Phd thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612481/index.pdf.

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Coastal urban settlements require a special planning approach since they bring the concepts of &ldquo
urban&rdquo
and &ldquo
coastal&rdquo
together. In relation to the specific contents of these concepts, there are also different models of management plans. &ldquo
Urban Disaster Risk Management&rdquo
and &ldquo
Integrated Coastal Zone Management&rdquo
are two of them. Urban Disaster Risk Management model deals with the planning and management problems of urban settlements in the case of disaster risk conditions. Likewise, Integrated Coastal Zone Management model focuses on the whole coastal area and deals with the sustainable use and protection of all types of coastal resources. However, in case of urban coastal settlements, these models of management plans can be valid together, can overlap, and they can even conflict with each other. In this thesis study, these two models of management plan and their coexistence are considered. A Coastal Area Assessment Model is set up and applied for Iskenderun case. This model provides a detailed spatial analysis opportunity in planning and management of coastal urban settlement. Therefore the model offers a significant input for the planning process through determining urban and coastal risks at the same time. Coastal Area Assessment Model is a tool which takes both Urban Disaster Risk Management and Integrated Coastal Zone Management models&rsquo
concerns into account and evaluates the coastal settlement in terms of urban risk sectors and coastal management issues. This study also introduces an approach on classification of the coastal areas and coastal urban settlements while setting up the Coastal Area Assessment Model. Coastal Area Assessment Model becomes an advantageous tool since it has significant contributions to the planning process by making a simple risk analysis and guiding the proper utilization and protection of the population, built environment, and resources of the coastal areas. Risk sectors, coastal management issues, critical and prior intervention areas of a coastal urban settlement are easily determined, and preparation of development plans of a coastal settlement is guided by the implementation of Coastal Area Assessment Model. In addition to these, general principles on planning and management of coastal settlements are determined by the implementation of the model for the implementation conditions of Urban Disaster Risk Management model, Integrated Coastal Zone Management model, and the Coastal Area Assessment Model in Turkey are also discussed and presented.
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Longo, Riccardo. "Advanced turbulence models for the simulation of air pollutants dispersion in urban area." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/312254/3/thesis.pdf.

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NOWADAYS, a number of studies keep on demonstrating the existence of a strong relation between high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and the prevalence of human morbidity and mortality. Large particles can be filtered in the nose or in the throat, while fine particles (about10 micrometer) can settle in the bronchi and lungs, leading to more serious consequences. According to Karagulian et al. the major sources of urban air pollution are traffic (25%), combustion and agriculture (22%), domestic fuel burning (20%), natural dust (18%) and industrial activities (15%).As a consequence, the detailed study of dispersion phenomena within the urban canopy becomes a target of great interest. To this end, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) can be successfully employed to predict turbulence and dispersion patterns, accounting for a detailed characterization of the pollutant sources, complex obstacles and atmospheric stability classes.Despite being intrinsically different phenomena, turbulence and dispersion are closely related. It is universally accepted that, to reach accurate prediction of the concentration field, it is necessary to properly reproduce the turbulence one. For this reason, the present PhD thesis is split into two main Sections: one focused on turbulence modelling and the subsequent, centered on the dispersion modelling.Thanks to its good compromise between accuracy of results and calculation time, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) still represents a valid alternative to more resource-demanding methods. However, focusing on the models’ performance in urban studies, Large Eddy Simulation (LES) generally outperforms RANS results, even if the former is at least one order of magnitude more expensive. Stemming from this consideration, the aim of this work is to propose a variety of approaches meant to solve some of the major limitations linked to standard RANS simulation and to further improve its accuracy in disturbed flow fields, without renouncing to its intrinsic feasibility. The proposed models are suitable for the urban context, being capable of automatically switching from a formulation proper for undisturbed flow fields to one suitable for disturbed areas. For neutral homogeneous atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), a comprehensive approach is adopted, solving the issue of the erroneous stream-wise gradients affecting the turbulent profiles and able to correctly represent the various roughness elements. Around obstacles, more performing closures are employed. The transition between the two treatments is achieved through the definition of a Building Influence Area (BIA). The finalgoal is to offer more affordable alternatives to LES simulations without sacrificing a good grade of accuracy.Focusing on the dispersion modelling framework, there exists a number of parameters which have to be properly specified. In particular, the definition of the turbulent Schmidt number Sct, expressing the ratio of turbulent viscosity to turbulent mass diffusivity, is imperative. Despite its relevance, the literature does not report a clear guideline on the definition of this quantity. Nevertheless, the importance of Sct with respect to dispersion is undoubted and further demonstrated in the works of different authors. For atmospheric boundary layer flows, typical constant values range between 0.2 and 1.3. As a matter of fact, the local variability of Sct is supported by experimental evidence and by direct numerical simulations (DNS). These observations further suggest that the turbulent Schmidt number should be prescribed as a dynamic variable. Following these observations a variable turbulent Schmidt number formulation is proposed in this work. The latter stems from the same hypothesis of the variable formulation developed by Gorlé et al. Moreover, the relevant uncertain model parameters are optimized through uncertainty quantification (UQ). This formulation further increased the accuracy of the predictions, and was successfully verified by Di Bernardino et al. However, the turbulent Schmidt number resulting from this formulation is still intrinsically linked to the turbulence model employed, i.e. to the Cμ coefficient. To overcome this constraint, the nature and the dependencies of Sct were further analyzed through correlation studies and employing principal component analysis (PCA) on data obtained through the proposed ABL RANS model. Subsequently, the same data-driven technique was employed based on the high-fidelity outcomes of a delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (dDES) to derive a generalized turbulentSchmidt number formulation. The latter can be employed within a wide range of turbulence models, without limiting its variability.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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9

Simões, Mariana Parreira. "Novos modelos de habitar a cidade para a zona industrial de Âlcantara." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5443.

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Semmens, Stephen Bradley. "An Engineering Geological Investigation of the Seismic Subsoil Classes in the Central Wellington Commercial Area." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4287.

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The city of Wellington has a high population concentration and lies within a geologically active landscape at the southern end of the North Island, New Zealand. Wellington has a high seismic risk due to its close proximity to several major fault systems, with the active Wellington Fault located in the north-western central city. Varying soil depth and properties in combination with the close proximity of active faults mean that in a large earthquake rupture event, ground shaking amplification is expected to occur in Thorndon, Te Aro and around the waterfront. This thesis focuses on the area bounded by Thorndon Overbridge in the north, Wellington Hospital in the south, Kelburn in the west, and Oriental Bay in the east. It includes many of the major buildings and infrastructural elements located within the central Wellington commercial area. The main objectives were to create an electronic database which allows for convenient access to all available data within the study area, to create a 3D geological model based upon this data, and to define areas of different seismic subsoil class and depth to rock within the study area at a scale that is useful for preliminary geotechnical analysis (1:5,000. Borelogs from 1025 holes with accompanying geological and geotechnical data obtained from GNS Science and Tonkin & Taylor were compiled into a database, together with the results from SPAC microtremor testing at 12 sites undertaken specifically for this study. This thesis discusses relevant background work and defines the local Wellington geology. A 3D geological model of the central Wellington commercial area, along with ten ArcGIS maps including surficial, depth to bedrock, site period, Vs30, ground shaking amplification hazard and site class (NZS 1170.5:2004) maps were created. These outputs show that a significant ground shaking amplification risk is posed on the city, with the waterfront, Te Aro and Thorndon areas most at risk.
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Books on the topic "Model City Areas"

1

Galster, George C. An Econometric model of the urban opportunity sturcture: Cumulative causation among city markets, social problems & underserved areas. Washington, D.C: Fannie Mae Foundation, 1998.

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Seredi︠u︡k, I. I. Gorodskai︠a︡ sreda i optimazat︠s︡ii︠a︡ dei︠a︡telʹnosti cheloveka. Lvov: Vyshcha shkola, 1987.

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Urban governance in post-apartheid cities: Modes of engagement in South Africa's metropoles. Stuttgart: Borntraeger, 2014.

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Estructura urbana de la ciudad transfronteriza México-Estados Unidos: Confrontación del modelo latinoamericano y angloamericano. [Mexicali, Baja California]: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, 2010.

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editor, Nakamori Yasufumi author, Hatakeyama, Naoya, 1958- artist, writer of added text, Itō, Toyoo, 1941- writer of added text, Forest, Philippe, writer of added text, Martin Lesley A. editor, and Minneapolis Institute of Art, eds. Naoya Hatakeyama: Excavating the future city. New York, N.Y: Aperture, 2018.

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L, Schreffler Curtis. Simulation of ground-water flow and areas contributing recharge to extraction wells at the Drake Chemical Superfund Site, City of Lock Haven and Castanea Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania. Reston, Va: U.S. Geological Survey, 2006.

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(Researcher), Shi Song, ed. Cong lao dong kong jian fen gong dao da du shi qu kong jian zu zhi: From spatial division of labor to spatial organization in metropolitan areas. Beijing: Ke xue chu ban she, 2011.

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Kochetova, Zhanna, Natal'ya Maslova, and Oleg Bazarskiy. Aviation and missile clusters and the environment. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1544137.

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The monograph introduces a new concept - the aviation and missile cluster as a new class of objects of geo-ecological monitoring, united by the solution of identical strategic tasks of the state, the interconnection of its structural elements, the identity of priority contaminants and products of their transformation. The scientific and methodological apparatus of complex geoecological monitoring of territories under the influence of objects of aviation and space activities is presented, including predictive models of the spread and transformation of priority contaminants in environmental objects, taking into account their physical and chemical properties, geographical and climatic features of the studied territory; algorithms and methods for assessing the environmental situation in the area of the aviation and rocket cluster to support management decisions on conducting rehabilitation and preventive medical and environmental measures. The proposed scientific and methodological apparatus improves the quality of the assessment of the geoecological situation while reducing the cost of monitoring the territory of the aviation and missile cluster. The scientific results obtained by the authors based on the results of eleven-year geoecological monitoring of a typical aviation and rocket cluster located within the city of Voronezh and including an airfield of state aviation and a test complex of launch vehicles are presented. For a wide range of readers interested in environmental problems of scientific and technological progress.
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Hatakeyama, Naoya. Naoya Hatakeyama: Terrils. La Madeleine: Light Motiv Editions, 2011.

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Galster, George C. Econometric Model of the Urban Opportunity Structure: Cumulative Causation Among City Markets, Socil Problems, and Undeserved Areas. Diane Pub Co, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Model City Areas"

1

Kraus, Kai, Brigitte Braun, and Thomas Bäumer. "Creation of a Scoring-Model to Measure the Attractiveness of Middle-Sized City-Centres for Consumers." In Innovations for Metropolitan Areas, 185–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60806-7_15.

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Sárdi, Dávid Lajos, and Krisztián Bóna. "AHP-Based Multicriterial Ranking Model for the City Logistics Analysis of Urban Areas." In LISS 2020, 45–60. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4359-7_4.

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Osaragi, Toshihiro, and Teruo Nishimatsu. "A Model of Land Use Change in City Areas Based on the Conversion of Unit Lots." In Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, 31–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37533-0_3.

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Khelf, Mouloud, Salim Boukebbab, and Mohamed Salah Boulahlib. "A Mathematical Model to Regulate Roads Traffic in Order to Decongest the Urban Areas of Constantine City." In Dependability Engineering and Complex Systems, 279–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39639-2_24.

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Alexandrov, A., R. Andreev, S. Ilchev, A. Boneva, S. Ivanov, and J. Doshev. "WSN-Based Prediction Model of Microclimate in a City Urbanized Areas Based on Extreme Learning and Kalman Filter." In Advances in High Performance Computing, 15–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55347-0_2.

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Rey, Emmanuel, Martine Laprise, and Sophie Lufkin. "The Multiple Potentials of Urban Brownfields." In Neighbourhoods in Transition, 47–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82208-8_3.

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AbstractThe phenomenon of urban brownfields is significant throughout European metropolitan areas. In this chapter, we assess, both in qualitative and quantitative terms, the inherent potential of urban brownfields to provide a relevant and substantial densification strategy for metropolitan areas. First, we explore the various opportunities for improvement of the built environment offered by urban brownfields in terms of environment, society, and economics, which are the core principles of sustainable development. This analysis is, inter alia, a juxtaposition between urban brownfields and the compact and polycentric city model, adapted to the metropolitan area. While brownfield regeneration appears to be a relevant densification strategy, it nevertheless implies that a sufficient reserve of land is available to engage policymakers. Thus, we attempt to estimate the urban brownfield stock in three countries: the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and France. The data subsequently serves as a basis for our calculation of the theoretical construction potential of brownfield sites.
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Yao, Zhou, Shuihai Dou, Guanyi Liu, and Yanping Du. "Research on the Common Delivery Model of Express Logistics in Urban and Rural Areas—A Case Study on Lujiang County, Hefei City." In LISS 2020, 583–99. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4359-7_41.

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Scuderi, Alessandro, Luisa Sturiale, Giuseppe Timpanaro, Giovanni La Via, and Biagio Pecorino. "A Possible Circular Approach for Social Perception of Climate Adaptation Action Planning in Metropolitan Cities." In Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions, 155–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57764-3_11.

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AbstractOne of the factors that will affect the livability of cities and the overall citizens’ quality of life in the future is certainly climate change. Urban areas will play a fundamental role in the commitment against climate change and will have to develop appropriate adaptation actions, in accordance with the European Strategy against climate change, including the planning and implementation of Green Infrastructures (GIs). They produce various environmental and social benefits in the urban context. Various studies have shown that citizenship involvement at all levels is necessary for the evaluation of the sharing of the proposed projects. The research proposes an innovative methodological model to support administrations in the strategic planning choice of GIs according to a shared and circular approach. To perform a multi-layer assessment, the multi-criteria evaluation will be combined with the circular evaluation model called Green City Circle. The evaluation is set up as a circular process, followed by a first investigative phase, followed by a proactive phase of solutions and an implementation phase up to a final stage of evaluation of the results and strategies for long-term sustainability. The study was carried out in the city of Catania to test a planning and management tool for GIs envisaged by the administration as win–win climate adaptation measures.
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Simpson, Tim. "Interiorized urbanism in Macau: Model City for Post-Mao China." In The Emerging Public Realm of the Greater Bay Area, 98–108. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429350948-9.

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Yao, Wei, and Jianwei Wu. "Airborne LiDAR for Detection and Characterization of Urban Objects and Traffic Dynamics." In Urban Informatics, 367–400. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_22.

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AbstractIn this chapter, we present an advanced machine learning strategy to detect objects and characterize traffic dynamics in complex urban areas by airborne LiDAR. Both static and dynamical properties of large-scale urban areas can be characterized in a highly automatic way. First, LiDAR point clouds are colorized by co-registration with images if available. After that, all data points are grid-fitted into the raster format in order to facilitate acquiring spatial context information per-pixel or per-point. Then, various spatial-statistical and spectral features can be extracted using a cuboid volumetric neighborhood. The most important features highlighted by the feature-relevance assessment, such as LiDAR intensity, NDVI, and planarity or covariance-based features, are selected to span the feature space for the AdaBoost classifier. Classification results as labeled points or pixels are acquired based on pre-selected training data for the objects of building, tree, vehicle, and natural ground. Based on the urban classification results, traffic-related vehicle motion can further be indicated and determined by analyzing and inverting the motion artifact model pertinent to airborne LiDAR. The performance of the developed strategy towards detecting various urban objects is extensively evaluated using both public ISPRS benchmarks and peculiar experimental datasets, which were acquired across European and Canadian downtown areas. Both semantic and geometric criteria are used to assess the experimental results at both per-pixel and per-object levels. In the datasets of typical city areas requiring co-registration of imagery and LiDAR point clouds a priori, the AdaBoost classifier achieves a detection accuracy of up to 90% for buildings, up to 72% for trees, and up to 80% for natural ground, while a low and robust false-positive rate is observed for all the test sites regardless of object class to be evaluated. Both theoretical and simulated studies for performance analysis show that the velocity estimation of fast-moving vehicles is promising and accurate, whereas slow-moving ones are hard to distinguish and yet estimated with acceptable velocity accuracy. Moreover, the point density of ALS data tends to be related to system performance. The velocity can be estimated with high accuracy for nearly all possible observation geometries except for those vehicles moving in or (quasi-)along the track. By comparative performance analysis of the test sites, the performance and consistent reliability of the developed strategy for the detection and characterization of urban objects and traffic dynamics from airborne LiDAR data based on selected features was validated and achieved.
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Conference papers on the topic "Model City Areas"

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Listyarini, S., L. Warlina, E. Indrawati, and T. Pardede. "Optimization model for predicting green areas in Jakarta to minimize impacts of climate change." In SUSTAINABLE CITY 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc140261.

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Marina, O., E. Masala, S. Pensa, and M. Stavric. "Interactive model of urban development in residential areas in Skopje." In Usage, Usability, and Utility of 3D City Models – European COST Action TU0801, edited by T. Leduc, G. Moreau, and R. Billen. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/3u3d/201202004.

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Zhou, Peiling, and Fei Yuan. "Study on Numerical Simulation Model of Spatio-Temporal Evolution in Dynamic Gob Areas." In 2020 International Conference on Intelligent Transportation, Big Data & Smart City (ICITBS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icitbs49701.2020.00233.

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Darvish, B., R. Sarvar, and F. Sh Moghaddam. "Structural analysis, measurement of a spatial distribution model and classification of the construction of urban areas based on the benefit from urban services: case study – five districts of Zahedan." In SUSTAINABLE CITY 2016. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc160591.

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Garip, Ervin. "AN INTEGRATED URBAN DESIGN AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT MODEL: URBAN PUBLIC AREAS AS EXTERNAL GARDENS OF THE CITY." In 5th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/5.3/s21.006.

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Soheilian, Bahman, Olivier Tournaire, Nicolas Paparoditis, Bruno Vallet, and Jean-Pierre Papelard. "Generation of an integrated 3D city model with visual landmarks for autonomous navigation in dense urban areas." In 2013 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ivs.2013.6629486.

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Niranjana, J. S., Feba Paul, Hridya D. Nambiar, Ashly Joy, and Neethu Roy. "Flood Risk Assessment of Thiruvananthapuram City, Kerala." In International Web Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable Planet. AIJR Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.112.21.

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Flood is one of the most dangerous and deadliest natural hazards in the world which devastates both life and economy to a very large extent. In Kerala, climate change induced floods are becoming an annual problem. In the midyear of 2018 and 2019, Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of Kerala, witnessed heavy rainfall and strong winds which resulted in widespread damage in various parts of the City. Flood risk assessment study provides a comprehensive detail of geographic areas and elements that are vulnerable to the particular hazard. As far as Thiruvananthapuram is considered, most of the flood risk assessment studies available were found to be based only on a specific catchment or stream. This paper discusses the need of flood risk assessment study of Thiruvananthapuram City and also focuses on estimating the intensity of storm causing flood. In this work, the major natural drains and the places prone to drainage concentration are delineated from Digital Elevation Model of the study area. The drainage map and land use map are prepared using ArcGIS and ERDAS software respectively. The hydraulic modeling is done using HEC-RAS software and simulations for different rainfall intensities are carried out to estimate the magnitude of flood and to identify the major flood prone areas in the City. This study presents a systematic methodology that can be adopted for flood risk assessment of urban cities, especially when there is less available data.
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Alfonso-Solar, David, Paula Bastida-Molina, Lina Montuori, and Carlos Vargas-Salgado. "Monitoring and evaluation of thermal comfort in urban areas: application to Valencia city." In CARPE Conference 2019: Horizon Europe and beyond. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carpe2019.2019.10198.

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In this paper, it is presented preliminary results of a methodology for thermal comfort monitoring and evaluation in urban areas based on local metering of ambient conditions and Rayman model application. In the framework of GROWGREEN European project it was installed six monitoring stations for data acquisition of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation and black globe temperature. Data of first 5 months of monitoring and modelling of one location with Rayman model to calculate PET (physiological equivalent temperature) is presented. Based on PET it was calculated the percentage of hours with thermal comfort per month, and it was made a comparison between PET and black globe temperature (GT) in order to evaluate the suitability of GT as a single, low cost and robust indicator of thermal comfort in urban areas.
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Lu, Peijun, Yimin Sun, Bilin Chen, and Sheng Xia. "Urban Design Study of Resilient City in Greater Bay Area." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/rixs1816.

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With the increasing climate change, the contradiction between the vulnerable natural conditions and rapid urbanization in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area becomes much more prominent. Urban security is threatened by various severe natural disasters, such as rising sea level, storm surges, and intensified floods, etc. To solve this problem, based on the theory of resilient city, this paper develops three resilient urban design principles: 1) integrated city principle; 2) adaptive technology principle; 3) flexible design principle, and build a research-designfeedback loop pattern. In the research and prediction stage, we quantitatively calculate the influence of natural disasters that may happen in the future in the Greater Bay Area and map the disaster influence in the natural basement layer, urban infrastructure network layer and urban settlement layer by Geographic Information System(GIS) through scenario stimulation. Based on this, the most severely affected areas in the future will be defined as key design areas. In the urban design stage, we focus on one of the key design areas – Pazhou and stimulate multiple scenarios to assess the urban resilient risk. We propose different integrated urban design strategies to balance the urban development and risk, select the adaptive hydraulic engineering technology to realize a more sustainable green infrastructure and build a flexible development framework to face the future uncertainty. In the evaluation and feedback stage, we develop a time series model of heavy rainfall to evaluate urban resilience in different design and quantify the impact of natural disasters through a set of urban resilience indicators in various layers, in order to pick up more resilient design to optimize. The practice experience shows that the resilient city is a long-term process, which requires an interdisciplinary cooperation mode, among research, design and feedback and a great management and control platform and a multi-objective evaluation index system so as to achieve real-time monitoring, regular evaluation, and dynamic control. This study attempts to make up for the lack of resilience city research in planning and design practice, to provide practical experience for the next stage of urban building.
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VASILE, Diana Marinela, Mihnea Cristian POPA, Florentina TOMA, Daniel Constantin DIACONU, and Daniel Constantin DIACONU. "Flash Flood Assessment Using GIS and the Frequency Ratio Bivariate Statistical Model – Case Study, Codlea, Romania." In Air and Water – Components of the Environment 2021 Conference Proceedings. Casa Cărţii de Ştiinţă, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/awc2021_06.

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Floods are one of the biggest natural disasters, causing significant economic and human losses. Regardless of the degree of development of urban or rural systems, floods account for about a third of all-natural disasters globally. Identifying areas vulnerable to floods is essential for better management and mitigation of their effects. The research aims to identify areas vulnerable to floods in the city of Codlea, Brașov County. Annually, the city records significant floods, one of the determining factors being its location, near the southern slope of the Perșani Mountains. The research proposes the Flash Flood Potential Index (FFPI) computation by combining GIS techniques with the Frequency Ration bivariate statistical model. The correlation of various flash-flood conditioning variables allowed us to compute the FFPI. The methodological approach could represent an essential tool for local authorities for better flood risk management.
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Reports on the topic "Model City Areas"

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Brandt, Leslie A., Cait Rottler, Wendy S. Gordon, Stacey L. Clark, Lisa O'Donnell, April Rose, Annamarie Rutledge, and Emily King. Vulnerability of Austin’s urban forest and natural areas: A report from the Urban Forestry Climate Change Response Framework. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Northern Forests Climate Hub, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2020.7204069.ch.

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The trees, developed green spaces, and natural areas within the City of Austin’s 400,882 acres will face direct and indirect impacts from a changing climate over the 21st century. This assessment evaluates the vulnerability of urban trees and natural and developed landscapes within the City Austin to a range of future climates. We synthesized and summarized information on the contemporary landscape, provided information on past climate trends, and illustrated a range of projected future climates. We used this information to inform models of habitat suitability for trees native to the area. Projected shifts in plant hardiness and heat zones were used to understand how less common native species, nonnative species, and cultivars may tolerate future conditions. We also assessed the adaptability of planted and naturally occurring trees to stressors that may not be accounted for in habitat suitability models such as drought, flooding, wind damage, and air pollution. The summary of the contemporary landscape identifies major stressors currently threatening trees and forests in Austin. Major current threats to the region’s urban forest include invasive species, pests and disease, and development. Austin has been warming at a rate of about 0.4°F per decade since measurements began in 1938 and temperature is expected to increase by 5 to 10°F by the end of this century compared to the most recent 30-year average. Both increases in heavy rain events and severe droughts are projected for the future, and the overall balance of precipitation and temperature may shift Austin’s climate to be more similar to the arid Southwest. Species distribution modeling of native trees suggests that suitable habitat may decrease for 14 primarily northern species, and increase for four more southern species. An analysis of tree species vulnerability that combines model projections, shifts in hardiness and heat zones, and adaptive capacity showed that only 3% of the trees estimated to be present in Austin based on the most recent Urban FIA estimate were considered to have low vulnerability in developed areas. Using a panel of local experts, we also assessed the vulnerability of developed and natural areas. All areas were rated as having moderate to moderate-high vulnerability, but the underlying factors driving that vulnerability differed by natural community and between East and West Austin. These projected changes in climate and their associated impacts and vulnerabilities will have important implications for urban forest management, including the planting and maintenance of street and park trees, management of natural areas, and long-term planning.
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Sabogal-Cardona, Orlando, Lynn Scholl, Daniel Oviedo, Amado Crotte, and Felipe Bedoya. Not My Usual Trip: Ride-hailing Characterization in Mexico City. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003516.

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With a few exceptions, research on ride-hailing has focused on North American cities. Previous studies have identified the characteristics and preferences of ride-hailing adopters in a handful of cities. However, given their marked geographical focus, the relevance and applicability of such work to the practice of transport planning and regulation in cities in the Global South is minimal. In developing cities, the entrance of new transport services follows very different trajectories to those in North America and Europe, facing additional social, economic, and cultural challenges, and involving different strategies. Moreover, the determinants of mode choice might be mediated by social issues such as the perception of crime and the risk of sexual harassment in public transportation, which is often experienced by women in large cities such as Mexico. This paper examines ride-hailing in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City, unpacking the characteristics of its users, the ways they differ from users of other transport modes, and the implications for urban mobility. Building on the household travel survey from 2017, our analytical approach is based on a set of categorical models. Findings suggest that gender, age, education, and being more mobile are determinants of ride-hailing adoption. The analysis shows that ride-hailing is used for occasional trips, and it is usually done for leisure and health trips as well as for night trips. The study also reflects on ride-hailings implications for the way women access the city.
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Busso, Matías, Juan Pablo Chauvin, and Nicolás Herrera L. Rural-Urban Migration at High Urbanization Levels. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002904.

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This study assesses the empirical relevance of the Harris-Todaro model at high levels of urbanization a feature that characterizes an increasing number of developing countries, which were largely rural when the model was created 50 years ago. Using data from Brazil, the paper compares observed and model-based predictions of the equilibrium urban employment rate of 449 cities and the rural regions that are the historic sources of their migrant populations. Little support is found in the data for the most basic version of the model. However, extensions that incorporate labor informality and housing markets have much better empirical traction. Harris-Todaro equilibrium relationships are relatively stronger among workers with primary but no high school education, and those relationships are more frequently found under certain conditions: when cities are relatively larger; and when associated rural areas are closer to the magnet city and populated to a greater degree by young adults, who are most likely to migrate.
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Bell, Gary, and Duncan Bryant. Red River Structure physical model study : bulkhead testing. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40970.

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The US Army Corps of Engineers, St. Paul District, and its non-federal sponsors are designing and constructing a flood risk management project that will reduce the risk of flooding in the Fargo-Moorhead metropolitan area. There is a 30-mile long diversion channel around the west side of the city of Fargo, as well as a staging area that will be formed upstream of a 20-mile long dam (referred to as the Southern Embankment) that collectively includes an earthen embankment with three gated structures: the Diversion Inlet Structure, the Wild Rice River Structure, and the Red River Structure (RRS). A physical model has been constructed and analyzed to assess the hydraulic conditions near and at the RRS for verification of the structure’s flow capacity as well as optimization of design features for the structure. This report describes the modeling techniques and instrumentation used in the investigation and details the evaluation of the forces exerted on the proposed bulkheads during emergency operations for the RRS.
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Bao, Jieyi, Xiaoqiang Hu, Cheng Peng, Yi Jiang, Shuo Li, and Tommy Nantung. Truck Traffic and Load Spectra of Indiana Roadways for the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317227.

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The Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) has been employed for pavement design by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) since 2009 and has generated efficient pavement designs with a lower cost. It has been demonstrated that the success of MEPDG implementation depends largely on a high level of accuracy associated with the information supplied as design inputs. Vehicular traffic loading is one of the key factors that may cause not only pavement structural failures, such as fatigue cracking and rutting, but also functional surface distresses, including friction and smoothness. In particular, truck load spectra play a critical role in all aspects of the pavement structure design. Inaccurate traffic information will yield an incorrect estimate of pavement thickness, which can either make the pavement fail prematurely in the case of under-designed thickness or increase construction cost in the case of over-designed thickness. The primary objective of this study was to update the traffic design input module, and thus to improve the current INDOT pavement design procedures. Efforts were made to reclassify truck traffic categories to accurately account for the specific axle load spectra on two-lane roads with low truck traffic and interstate routes with very high truck traffic. The traffic input module was updated with the most recent data to better reflect the axle load spectra for pavement design. Vehicle platoons were analyzed to better understand the truck traffic characteristics. The unclassified vehicles by traffic recording devices were examined and analyzed to identify possible causes of the inaccurate data collection. Bus traffic in the Indiana urban areas was investigated to provide additional information for highway engineers with respect to city streets as well as highway sections passing through urban areas. New equivalent single axle load (ESAL) values were determined based on the updated traffic data. In addition, a truck traffic data repository and visualization model and a TABLEAU interactive visualization dashboard model were developed for easy access, view, storage, and analysis of MEPDG related traffic data.
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Kodupuganti, Swapneel R., Sonu Mathew, and Srinivas S. Pulugurtha. Modeling Operational Performance of Urban Roads with Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions. Mineta Transportation Institute, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1802.

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The rapid growth in population and related demand for travel during the past few decades has had a catalytic effect on traffic congestion, air quality, and safety in many urban areas. Transportation managers and planners have planned for new facilities to cater to the needs of users of alternative modes of transportation (e.g., public transportation, walking, and bicycling) over the next decade. However, there are no widely accepted methods, nor there is enough evidence to justify whether such plans are instrumental in improving mobility of the transportation system. Therefore, this project researches the operational performance of urban roads with heterogeneous traffic conditions to improve the mobility and reliability of people and goods. A 4-mile stretch of the Blue Line light rail transit (LRT) extension, which connects Old Concord Rd and the University of North Carolina at Charlotte’s main campus on N Tryon St in Charlotte, North Carolina, was considered for travel time reliability analysis. The influence of crosswalks, sidewalks, trails, greenways, on-street bicycle lanes, bus/LRT routes and stops/stations, and street network characteristics on travel time reliability were comprehensively considered from a multimodal perspective. Likewise, a 2.5-mile-long section of the Blue Line LRT extension, which connects University City Blvd and Mallard Creek Church Rd on N Tryon St in Charlotte, North Carolina, was considered for simulation-based operational analysis. Vissim traffic simulation software was used to compute and compare delay, queue length, and maximum queue length at nine intersections to evaluate the influence of vehicles, LRT, pedestrians, and bicyclists, individually and/or combined. The statistical significance of variations in travel time reliability were particularly less in the case of links on N Tryon St with the Blue Line LRT extension. However, a decrease in travel time reliability on some links was observed on the parallel route (I-85) and cross-streets. While a decrease in vehicle delay on northbound and southbound approaches of N Tryon St was observed in most cases after the LRT is in operation, the cross-streets of N Tryon St incurred a relatively higher increase in delay after the LRT is in operation. The current pedestrian and bicycling activity levels seemed insignificant to have an influence on vehicle delay at intersections. The methodological approaches from this research can be used to assess the performance of a transportation facility and identify remedial solutions from a multimodal perspective.
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Flow-system analysis of the Madison and Minnelusa aquifers in the Rapid City area, South Dakota--conceptual model. US Geological Survey, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri024185.

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