Academic literature on the topic 'Modèle de garde'
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Journal articles on the topic "Modèle de garde"
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Mayer, Francine, and Ruth Rose. "L’effet des politiques de financement des services de garde sur le choix des modes de garde des familles québécoises." Articles 74, no. 1 (February 9, 2009): 63–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/602252ar.
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RÉSUMÉ L’objectif de ce texte est de mesurer l’incidence des politiques de financement des services de garde pour les familles québécoises et d’évaluer les effets de la réforme mise en place par le Québec en 1994 sur le choix des modes de garde. Cette réforme comportait deux volets : une bonification significative de l’exonération financière aux familles à faible revenu et le remplacement de la déduction fiscale pour frais de garde par un crédit d’impôt remboursable dont le taux varie inversement avec le revenu familial. Nous utilisons d’abord un modèle comptable pour montrer qu’après la réforme de 1994 les politiques sont beaucoup plus équitables verticalement et horizontalement, et que presque toutes les familles, notamment les familles les moins favorisées, ont bénéficié d’une diminution du coût net des services de garde. Dans un deuxième temps, un modèle logit polytomique permet de simuler l’effet de la réforme sur le choix des modes de garde. Les résultats suggèrent qu’après la réforme davantage de familles, notamment les familles à revenu modeste, sont incitées à retenir les services d’une garderie et que les familles biparentales, surtout celles à faible revenu, ont davantage tendance à choisir la garde rémunérée en milieu familial plutôt que la garde gratuite.
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Wroten, Chris. "Le modèle T et coup d’œil derrière le rideau." Canadian Journal of Optometry 80, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cjo.80.283.
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Le changement. L’avenir. Deux concepts similaires, mais compliqués, que bon nombre d’entre nous craignent en raison de l’incertitude, ou recherchent activement pour l’excitation d’être à l’avant-garde. Lorsque nous sommes paralysés par l’incertitude, il est facile de se laisser devancer, alors que naissent de nouvelles et meilleures [...]
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Côté, Denyse. "« Mais je voulais que ça cesse!1»." Le dossier : Repenser la famille, renouveler les pratiques,adapter les politiques — PARTIE 2 25, no. 1 (July 15, 2013): 44–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017383ar.
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La garde physique partagée s’impose de plus en plus au Québec à titre de modèle en matière de garde parentale post-séparation. Elle correspond en effet aux normes et valeurs contemporaines de la famille démocratique et négociatrice et d’une coparentalité transcendant toute rupture conjugale. Mais lorsqu’on sait que la violence conjugale peut également survivre à une rupture conjugale, force est de reconsidérer le présupposé de lasupérioritéde la garde physique partagée qui s’est rapidement propagé dans les discours et représentations publiques. Cet article analyse le discours de mères victimes de violence qui ont découvert, bien malgré elles, que la garde partagée a plutôt ouvert la voie pour elles à une pérennisation de la violence et à leur revictimisation.
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Fish1, Cynthia S. "La puissance paternelle et les cas de garde d’enfants au Québec, 1866-1928." Revue d'histoire de l'Amérique française 57, no. 4 (December 14, 2004): 509–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/009640ar.
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Résumé Cet article analyse l’élaboration du discours autour de la puissance paternelle dans le système judiciaire québécois entre 1866 et 1928 à travers les décisions prises dans les cas de garde d’enfants. La magistrature défendait le modèle de la famille traditionnelle et hiérarchique quand elle accordait la garde au parent biologique plutôt qu’à un foyer nourricier. À partir des années 1890 cependant, les perceptions nouvelles des besoins des enfants remettent en question l’apport de chaque parent. Les pères se voient écartés de la possibilité de recevoir la garde parce que les exigences reliées à leur emploi les empêcheraient de bien veiller sur leurs enfants.
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Château, Dominique. "Le rôle de la musique dans la définition du cinéma comme art : à propos de l’avant-garde des années 20." Cinémas 3, no. 1 (March 8, 2011): 78–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1001181ar.
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L’un des thèmes récurrents du discours de l’avant-garde cinématographique des années 20 est la recherche d’une forme de cinéma qui le classe dans la catégorie de l’art. Si la peinture sert principalement de modèle dans cette recherche d’un cinéma artistique, la musique intervient également. Cette intervention revêt plusieurs aspects que l’auteur tente ici d’analyser, en montrant qu’ils constituent différentes sortes de modèle pour le cinéma artistique. L’auteur s’interroge aussi sur le fait que le recours au modèle musical, en relation avec le modèle pictural, s’intègre, en apparence paradoxalement, à la recherche de la pureté du langage cinématographique, de son essence. Deux axes de pensée se combinent alors : la question de l’art et la question du médium.
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Cohen, Yolande, and Éric Vaillancourt. "L’identité professionnelle des infirmières canadiennes-françaises à travers leurs revues (1924-1956)." Revue d'histoire de l'Amérique française 50, no. 4 (August 26, 2008): 537–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/305601ar.
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RÉSUMÉ L'analyse des deux premières revues des infirmières canadiennes-françaises témoigne des efforts déployés par une élite pour établir un modèle particulier de professionnalisation. Membres du clergé, soeurs hospitalières et médecins souhaitent, en fondant La Veilleuse (1924-1927), contrer l'implantation du modèle laïque de l'infirmière professionnelle canadienne-anglaise. Ils font la promotion d'un modèle apostolique basé sur l'identité féminine et nationale. La création de La Garde-malade canadienne-française (1928-1956) devient toutefois nécessaire devant le désengagement des médecins et la laïcisation croissante de la pratique infirmière. Malgré une plus grande ouverture à l'égard du caractère scientifique des soins infirmiers, on continue de proposer un modèle spécifique de l'infirmière professionnelle canadienne-française jusqu'à la Révolution tranquille.
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Kessler, Erwin. "Modernisation, démodernisation, remodernisation : M. H. Maxy, modèle de l’avant-garde roumaine." Ligeia N° 93-96, no. 2 (2009): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lige.093.0170.
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Jean, Marc, and Jacqueline Dionne-Proulx. "Récits de pratiques en services de garde éducatifs à la petite enfance au Québec : une expérience de réflexion sur la confiance." Articles hors thème 42, no. 1-2 (January 15, 2014): 243–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1021306ar.
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Face à un environnement social de plus en plus complexe, l’organisation du travail dans les services de garde éducatifs à l’enfance au Québec s’est, elle aussi, complexifiée au cours des dernières années. Cet environnement professionnel oblige les acteurs à coopérer, à se fixer des règles de fonctionnement ou à tout le moins à faire des arbitrages acceptables. La confiance permet de rendre cet univers psychologiquement acceptable et assure que les partenaires puissent coopérer au plein épanouissement des enfants à l’aide de l’amélioration des pratiques éducatives, pour le bénéfice des enfants, des parents et de la société dans son ensemble. Cet article raconte, à travers les récits de pratiques d’intervenantes de service de garde éducatifs à la petite enfance, la manière dont celles-ci pratiquent la confiance. Les résultats analysés à la lumière d’un modèle de confiance interpersonnelle confirment la pertinence des catégories de ce modèle.
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Brunod, Régis, and Solange Cook-Darzens. "Les hommes et la fonction paternelle dans la famille antillaise." Santé mentale au Québec 26, no. 1 (February 5, 2007): 160–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/014516ar.
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Résumé Le modèle matrifocal d'organisation familiale reste toujours prépondérant dans les Petites Antilles malgré une confrontation ancienne au modèle nucléaire occidental. Il doit ses particularités aux conditions de son développement initial dans le contexte de l'esclavage et son maintien est favorisé par certaines dispositions sociales dans les Antilles françaises. Dans ce modèle les pères semblent graviter à la périphérie de la famille sans toutefois être invisibles, ni absents ou en conflit. Leur présence au domicile peut même être intermittente, mais de manière prévisible et régulière, rassurante pour l'enfant auquel ils accordent toute leur attention à ces moments-là. Le rôle dit paternel est assuré de manière plus complexe, non seulement par le père mais aussi par d'autres personnages masculins ou même féminins et même par l'ensemble du réseau social lorsque celui-ci garde une bonne cohésion. Lorsqu'il est fonctionnel, ce modèle est tout aussi à même qu'un autre de répondre aux besoins affectifs, éducatifs et de socialisation d'un enfant. Après un rappel des conditions historiques et économiques ayant donné naissance à ce type très particulier d'organisation familiale, cet article présente à travers l'étude de trois cas cliniques comment les deux modèles (nucléaire et matrifocal) se côtoient dans les Antilles françaises, et comment les professionnels de santé mentale procèdent aux raccommodages en cas d'accrocs.
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Le Goff, Jean-Marie, and Abdoul-Wahab Dieng. "Prise en charge des enfants en bas âge en Suisse et participation des femmes au marché du travail*." Articles 35, no. 2 (August 11, 2008): 141–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/018595ar.
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Résumé Le présent article a pour objet d’analyser les déterminants du choix de la garde d’enfant en Suisse en relation avec le mode de participation des femmes à la vie active. Le contexte de ce pays est celui d’une offre peu élevée de services de garde face à une demande croissante de la part des familles. Notre hypothèse générale est de considérer que les décisions en matière d’exercice d’une activité professionnelle et de placement des enfants résultent d’un processus conjoint plutôt que de deux processus avec une relation de causalité. Notre analyse s’appuie sur les données du « Panel suisse de ménages » qui est une enquête longitudinale suivant chaque année, depuis 1999, un échantillon représentatif de ménages. Nous développons un modèle logistique multi-processuel de la garde d’enfant et de la participation des femmes à la vie active. Les moyens de garde sont, en outre, distingués en deux grandes catégories selon que les familles font appel à un service de garde payant (crèches, assistantes maternelles, baby sitter à domicile) ou font appel à leur entourage (grands-parents, famille, amis).
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Modèle de garde"
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Perrigault, Laurence. "Jacques Prévert et la photographie : acteur de l'avant-garde, modèle de l'après-guerre (1928-1974)." Rennes 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN20002.
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Dès les années 30, Prévert et ses amis photographes contribuent à fonder les idées artistiques emblématiques de l'entre-deux-guerres. Le dialogue que noue alors son écriture avec la photographie est très riche, même s'il n'aboutit pas toujours à des collaborations concrètes. Le prouve la place importante que Prévert accorde dans son oeuvre à la photographie, signalant ainsi subtilement combien cette technique a façonné son rapport au monde, a influé sur sa manière de saisir le réel. Après la Libération, Prévert renoue le dialogue avec la photographie, grâce à une nouvelle génération de photographes. Les relations qu'il entretient avec eux diffèrent désormais de celles qui l'avaient lié aux photographes 15 ans plus tôt. Alors qu'avec ces derniers, on devinait une émulation mutuelle, qui avait imprégné leurs œuvres respectives, après la guerre, Prévert devient un modèle pour toute une génération d'artistes qui a choisi de poursuivre l'esthétique amorcée par leurs prédécesseursIn the 30s, Prevert and his friends photographers contributed to found the emblematic artistic ideas of the period between the wars. Then the dialogue made between his writing and photography became very rich, even though it did not always lead to real collaborations. This can be seen through the significant place that photography took in Prevert's work, subtly poiting out thus how this technique was shaping his relations with the world, how it influenced the way he was catching reality. After the Liberation, Prevert took up the dialogue with photography again thanks to a new generation of photographers. From now on the relationship he kept us with them was different from the one he had had with the photographers 15 years earlier. Whereas with the latter, one could guess some mutual competition which had pervaded their respective works, after the war Prevert became a model to a whole generation of artists who chose to pursue the aesthetics started by their predecessors
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Caillat, Gérard. "Ville modèle, modèles de ville. Nîmes (1476-1789)." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30073.
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La notion de modèle renvoie à un mode de représentation, à l’exemplarité, et à une méthode d’investigation. À la quête d’une identité, la ville projette sous diverses formes une représentation d’elle-même. Les historiens superposent à cette idéalisation initiale un ou des schémas d’interprétation qui leur permettent de développer leurs propres thématiques. Nîmes apparaît ainsi tour à tour comme l’exemple de la colonie latine, la ville renaissante en admiration devant son propre passé, la place forte huguenote défendant la liberté religieuse, la ville des Lumières déployée autour des vestiges de l’Augusteum. Aujourd’hui, l’exceptionnelle conservation de ses monuments antiques suggère que la romanité s’inscrit dès l’origine et immuablement dans le paysage et dans l’imaginaire urbain. Les archives consulaires permettent d’établir au contraire une lente maturation, scandée par les perturbations violentes des guerres civiles et par les évolutions des systèmes de défense. La ville de Nemausus est familière, mais lointaine et inappropriée juridiquement. Le corps politique préfère s’appuyer sur le privilège consulaire, créé par les comtes de Toulouse, et sur le statut particulier des États de Languedoc pour représenter la communauté. Profondément réformé en 1476, le consulat canalise le débat politique local jusqu’à la Révolution. Quand, au milieu du XVIIIe siècle, l’expansion industrielle montre les limites de son droit sur l’espace, il trouve les moyens d’infléchir les choix du pouvoir royal en matière d’urbanisme. La thèse, qui couvre de manière équivalente les trois siècles de la période moderne, est organisée en deux parties : l’identité de la ville et la construction du paysageThe notion of model refers to a mode of representation, to an exemplary nature, and to a method of investigation. In the search of an identity, the city projects by different ways a representation of itself. The historians stack upon this idealized image one or several outlines of their own themes. Nimes appears so alternately as the example of the Latin colony, the Renaissant city filled with admiration for its own past, the fortified town Huguenot fighting for the religious freedom, the city of the Enlightenment spread around the vestiges of Augusteum. Today, the exceptional preservation of its antique monuments suggests that Romanity remained unchanged from the very beginning in the landscape and in the urban imagination. The archives of the consuls allow to establish on the contrary a slow maturation, accellerated by the violent disturbances of the civil wars and by the evolutions of defence systems. The city of Nemausus is familiar, but distant and legally worthless. The political body prefers to use the consular privilege, created by the counts of Toulouse, and on the particular status of the States of Languedoc to represent the community. Profoundly reformed in 1476, the consulate channels the local political debate until the Revolution. When, in the middle of the XVIIIth century, the industrial expansion shows the limits of its right on the space, it finds the means and the capacity to bend the choices of the royal power in town planning. The thesis, which covers in a equivalent way the three centuries of modern period, is organized in two parts, the identity of the city and the construction of the landscape
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Bousselin-Frizon, Audrey. "Offre locale d'équipements collectifs de garde d'enfants et offre de travail des mères : application au Luxembourg, au moyen de modèles multiniveaux." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN20003/document.
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La littérature spécialisée analyse la relation entre les contraintes liées à l'offre locale de modes de garde formelle et l'offre de travail des mères dans le cadre d'un modèle d'offre de travail néoclassique standard adapté au cas des mères de jeunes enfants. Dans ces modèles, pour tenir compte des contraintes d'offre de garde formelle, les auteurs ont en commun d'utiliser un taux local d'équipement de ce type de services. Ils considèrent ainsi, de façon plus ou moins explicite selon les cas, que toutes les mères résidant dans la même localité sont face aux mêmes contraintes en termes d'offre de garde formelle. Ce type d'approche a pour limites d'ignorer les différences individuelles pouvant exister du fait des règles de priorité en vigueur dans les structures d'accueil de jeunes enfants, d'une part, et de la dimension locale, d'autre part. Ce constat nous amène à proposer une application originale à la garde d?enfants du modèle de rationnement discret avec règles de priorité. Cette application nous permet d'identifier les déterminants spécifiques du rationnement en garde formelle, ce qui nous amène à mettre au point un instrument original de mesure des chances, pour une mère, de voir sa demande satisfaite. Cet instrument tient compte non seulement des capacités d'accueil et du nombre de demandes au niveau local, à l'instar de la littérature spécialisée, mais également des règles de priorité existantes et de la proximité des structures aux lieux de vie des familles. Cette réflexion aboutit, en outre, à poser les termes d'une problématique originale qui consiste à considérer que les mères appartiennent à des groupes relativement homogènes au regard de leurs chances de voir leur demande satisfaite. Les similitudes entre les mères d'un même groupe créent alors une dépendance, qui nous conduit à renoncer aux modèles économétriques classiques au profit de modèles multiniveaux, qui, eux, autorisent l'absence d'indépendance des observations. L'analyse empirique de l'impact de la disponibilité locale des modes de garde sur l'offre de travail est réalisée à partir d'une base de données créée spécifiquement (conjuguant des données existantes à des données collectées dans le cadre d'une enquête ad hoc). Les principaux résultats obtenus soulignent que, une fois prise en compte la dépendance des observations au moyen d'une technique adaptée, l'impact, sur l'offre de travail des mères, d'une hausse de la disponibilité locale des modes de garde d'enfants est significatif et positif ; le recours à des cas-types de mères suggère que l'ampleur de cet impact pourrait être importanteUnavailable
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Ameille, Brice. "L’impressionnisme et la peinture ancienne : Itinéraire d’une avant-garde face à la tradition." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040088.
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Encore souvent perçu comme une véritable révolution esthétique, l’impressionnisme fait depuis quelques années l’objet d’une importante recontextualisation visant à remettre en question cette vision. Sans dénier au mouvement ses apports novateurs, cette thèse étudie la relation de ses membres avec la tradition picturale. S’appuyant sur un important corpus de textes critiques, de revues spécialisées et de catalogues d’exposition de l’époque, ainsi que sur de très nombreuses comparaisons iconographiques étayées, elle dégage quatre grandes sources d’inspiration : le XVIe siècle vénitien, le XVIIe siècle espagnol, le XVIIe siècle néerlandais, et le XVIIIe siècle français. C’est à l’aune de ce rapport à la peinture ancienne, et par le biais d’une typologie des différents positionnements à son égard, que la « crise » connue par l’impressionnisme au début des années 1880 est réexaminée, et que, plus généralement, une nouvelle approche du mouvement est proposéeImpressionism is often perceived as a genuine aesthetic revolution. However, over the course of past years, it has been reconsidered and this vision called into question. Without rejecting the groundbreaking characteristics of Impressionism, this thesis studies the relationship between the Impressionists and pictorial tradition. Referring to a large corpus of reviews, specialized articles, exhibition catalogs of the period, and supported by many iconographic analogies, it lists four major inspirations: the Venetian 16th century, the Spanish 17th century, the Dutch 17th century, and the French 18th century. In the light of this connection between Impressionism and Ancient painting, and with the help of a typology summing up the different positions regarding this connection, this thesis reexamines the crisis that Impressionism underwent during the early 1880’s and suggests a new approach to the movement
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Bernoux, Maud. "Identification et caractérisation d'une protéase à cystéine d'Arabidopsis impliquée dans l'établissement de la résistance à la bactérie phytopathogène Ralstonia solanacearum." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/216/.
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L'agent causal du flétrissement bactérien, Ralstonia solanacearum est l'une des bactéries pathogènes qui cause le plus de ravages sur les cultures d'intérêt économique. Le gène de Résistance à Ralstonia solanacearum (RRS1-R) isolé à partir de l'écotype résistant Nd-1 d'A. Thaliana, code une protéine à structure modulaire atypique. Elle combine en effet, un domaine TIR-NBS-LRR, commun à de nombreuses protéines de résistance, et un domaine d'activation transcriptionnelle WRKY, caractéristique d'une famille de facteurs de transcription végétaux. PopP2, le gène d'avirulence correspondant à RRS1-R, code une protéine appartenant à la famille d'effecteurs YopJ/AvrRxv. Les deux partenaires R/Avr interagissent physiquement dans le noyau de la cellule végétale. Cependant, cette interaction physique n'exclue pas l'intervention d'autres composantes végétales impliquées dans l'activation de la résistance. Selon le modèle de garde, les protéines d'avirulence sont des facteurs de virulence capables de modifier des protéines végétales cibles dans le but de détourner la physiologie de la plante en faveur de la bactérie. Les protéines de résistance joueraient alors un rôle de gardien en détectant les modifications des protéines ciblées, et activer les mécanismes de résistance en aval. Dans ce contexte, la recherche d'interacteurs de PopP2 a été entreprise par le criblage double hybride d'une banque d'ADNc d'A. Thaliana. Parmi plusieurs candidats, nous avons identifié et caractérisé RD19, une protéase à cystéine de la famille de la papaïne. Par une approche de génétique inverse, nous avons montré que cette protéase à cystéine est impliquée dans l'établissement de la résistance d'A. Thaliana à R. Solanacearum. Exprimée transitoirement chez N. Benthamiana, RD19 fusionnée à la protéine fluorescente YFP (Yellow Fluorescent Protein) est détectée dans des petits compartiments mobiles adressés à la vacuole. De manière surprenante, lorsque RD19 est coexprimée avec PopP2, elle est également détectée au niveau du noyau. .Bacterial wilt caused by the phytopathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most important plant diseases worldwide. The RRS1-R gene (Résistance to Ralstonia solanacearum) confers broad spectrum resistance to several strains of this pathogen. It encodes an atypical resistance protein which combines the TIR-NBS-LRR domains found in several R proteins and a WRKY motif characteristic of some plant transcriptional factors. PopP2, a Ralstonia solanacearum type III effector which belongs to the YopJ/AvrRxv protein family, is the avirulence protein recognized by RRS1-R. Both partners can physically interact in the plant nucleus. Nevertheless, this physical interaction doesn't exclude the role of other plant components in the activation of resistance. According to the "guard model", avirulence proteins are virulence factors which manipulate plant proteins to favour microbial development. Resistance proteins would then act as guards of modified plant targets and activate resistance. In this context, search for PopP2 interactors has been initiated by a Yeast-2-Hybrid screening of an Arabidopsis cDNA library. Among several candidates, we identified and characterized RD19, a papain-like Cysteine protease. Using a reverse genetic approach, we showed that RD19 is involved in the establishment of resistance of A. Thaliana to R. Solanacearum. Transient expression in N. Benthamiana showed that, when fused to the fluorescent protein YFP (Yellow Fluorescent Protein), RD19 is detected in small mobile compartments targeted to the vacuole. Interestingly, when coexpressed with PopP2, RD19 is also detected in plant nuclei. .
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Hochberg, Leah. "Urban Farm and Community Garden Hybrid Models: A Case Study of the Huerta del Valle Community Garden." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/320.
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This study examines models of community gardens and urban farms and determined a successful hybrid model for future implementation at the Huerta del Valle Community Garden. This was accomplished through analyzing the unique benefits and drawbacks of community gardens and urban farms as defined by the author, and then determining the components of each model that would maximize Huerta del Valle’s social and economic potential. Community gardens are defined in this thesis as places where community members can grow their own food in individual plots, and these spaces often contribute to community building, hands-on gardening education, and improved food access. Urban farms are defined as business models that produce food to sell to the community both to support the business and to improve community food access.
Through research of existing community garden, urban farm, and hybrid models, the author determined that the most effective hybrid model includes intensive crop production, crop sales onsite as well as in farmers’ markets and delivery methods, a large community garden, and education programs for the community. The author then offered Huerta del Valle a potential model that includes these components as well as a store front, cooking lessons, value-added products, a Community Supported Agriculture program, and specific themed gardening classes. This complete model will potentially increase Huerta del Valle’s scope so it is able to improve healthy food access throughout Ontario while creating an enduring economic model.
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Johnson, Susan. "Models of gardening in education." Thesis, University of Reading, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367335.
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Krochmann, Jelena [Verfasser], and Claus [Akademischer Betreuer] Garbe. "Der Hühnerembryo als Modell für die Melanomforschung / Jelena Krochmann ; Betreuer: Claus Garbe." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1197693890/34.
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Quinn, Ruth. "Evaluation of flow models and pollutant retention isotherms for their application to rain garden bioretention." Thesis, University of Greenwich, 2015. http://gala.gre.ac.uk/14319/.
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The primary aims of this research was firstly to develop a computer modelling tool which could predict pollution retention in a rain garden and secondly to use the model and additional experiments to examine various aspects of rain garden design with respect to pollutant retention. Initially, the behaviour of all contaminants in urban runoff was examined including their retention and possible modelling methods. Heavy metals were then identified as the main focus of this project as this choice was the most beneficial addition to current research. The main factors affecting their retention were found to be macropore flow, pore water velocity, soil moisture content and soil characteristics and the primary method of modelling capture was identified as a sorption isotherm. Thus a dual-permeability heavy metal sorption model was developed; this was based on an intensive literature review of current best practice in both hydrological modelling and pollutant retention fields with respect to rain garden devices. The kinematic wave equation was chosen to model water movement in both the matrix and macropore regions as this provided a simpler alternative to more complex equations while still maintaining good accuracy. With regards to the modelling of heavy metal retention three isotherms were chosen: the linear, Langmuir and Freundlich equations as these were found from previous research to be the most accurate. These isotherms were incorporated into a one dimensional advection-dispersion-adsorption equation in order to model both transport and retention together. This model was tested against the appropriate literature and accurate comparisons were obtained thus validating it. Column experiments were designed to both provide a unique contribution to rain garden research and further validate the model. This was achieved by analysing past experiments and identifying an area where research is lacking; this area was the effect of macropore flow on heavy metal retention in rain garden systems under typical English climatic conditions. The findings of these experiments indicated that although macropore flow did not impact the hydraulic performance of the columns, retention of the most mobile of heavy metals, copper, was decreased slightly in one case. The overall retention of the columns was still high however at a value in excess of 99% for copper, lead and zinc. The results of the experiments were also used to further validate the model. The model was then applied to the development of a rain garden device for a planned roundabout in Kent, U.K. Preliminary design considered an upper root zone layer with organic soil and a sandy storage sublayer each 30 cm thick, for a rain garden area of 5 and 10% the size of the contributing impervious surface. Two scenarios were examined; the accumulation and movement of metals without macropores and the possibility of groundwater contamination due to preferential flow. It was shown that levels of lead can build up in the upper layers of the system, but only constituted a health hazard after 10 years. Simulations showed that copper was successfully retained (no significant concentrations below 50 cm of rain garden soil depth). Finally given concerns of preferential flow bypassing sustainable drainage systems, macropore flow was examined; results indicated that due to site conditions it was not a threat to groundwater at this location for the time frame considered. These actions successfully completed the objectives of this project and it was deemed successful.
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Bagavos, Christos. "La participation des femmes à l'activité professionnelle : facteurs économiques, rôle des modes de garde des enfants et impact sur le marché du travail." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995IEPP0012.
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La participation des femmes mariées à l'activité professionnelle ne dépend pas uniquement des variables économiques (salaire de la femme, revenu de la famille). Il semble que l'hypothèse selon laquelle la présence d'autres personnes au sein du ménage constitue une source potentielle pour la garde des enfants et plus particulièrement pour la garde des enfants d'âge préscolaire en favorisant ainsi l'activité professionnelle des femmes soit vérifié. En fait nous devons toujours tenir compte du rôle des modes de garde des enfants dans la décision de la participation des femmes sur le marché du travail. Enfin, nous constatons un impact défavorable de l'accroissement des effectifs féminins dans la population active sur le niveau de rémunération des jeunes travailleursWomen's participation in the labour force doesn't depend only on economic variables such as women' wage and family incom e. In fact we always have to take into account the impact of child care modes on this participation. For this reason, the presence of relatives in the household, who constitute a potential source for child care, has also an affect on woman's decision to participate in the labour force. Considering the impact of female participation on the labour market , we find that the increase in the number of women in the labour force has a negative effect on the wage level of younger workers
Books on the topic "Modèle de garde"
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Nones, Raymond. Modular vegetable gardening: The three module home vegetable garden. Floral Park, N.Y: R. Nones, 2002.
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Funktionen des Betrachters: Modelle der Partizipation bei Joseph Beuys und Antoni Tàpies. München: Verlag Silke Schreiber, 1999.
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Raised-bed vegetable gardening made simple: The three-module home vegetable garden. Woodstock, Vt: Countryman Press, 2010.
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La femme futuriste: Mythes, modèles et représentations de la femme dans la théor. Nanterre: Université Paris X-Nanterre, 2006.
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Dartsch, Michael. Neues hören und sehen ... und vermitteln: Pädagogische Modelle und Reflexionen zur Neuen Musik. Regensburg: ConBrio, 2012.
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Contarini, Silvia. La femme futuriste: Mythes, modèles, et représentations de la femme dans la théorie et la litt́rature futuristes (1909-1919). Paris: Presses universitaires de Paris 10, 2006.
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Verducci, Jack. Building structures for your garden railway. Waukesha, WI: Kalmbach Books, 2010.
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Labrecque, Louise. Avec style: Secrets d'une garde-robe bien pensée. Montréal: Éditions La Presse, 2009.
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Verducci, Jack. How to design and build your garden railroad. Waukesha, WI: Kalmbach Books, 2006.
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Bachtin und der Prager Strukturalismus: Modelle poetischer Offenheit am Beispiel der tschechischen Avantgarde. Paderborn: Fink, 2006.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Modèle de garde"
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Hortal Muñoz, José Eloy. "Le modèle bourguignon de garde royale dans l’Europe des xve et xvie siècles : succès et développement." In Burgundica, 253–61. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.burg-eb.5.113923.
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Dragu, Magda. "Intermedial models." In Form and Meaning in Avant-Garde Collage and Montage, 129–70. New York, NY: Routledge, 2020. |: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429317552-6.
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Liu, Yubo, Chenrong Fang, Zhe Yang, Xuexin Wang, Zhuohong Zhou, Qiaoming Deng, and Lingyu Liang. "Exploration on Machine Learning Layout Generation of Chinese Private Garden in Southern Yangtze." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES, 35–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_4.
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AbstractMachine learning has been proved to be feasible and reasonable in architectural field by extensive researches recently, whereas its potential is far from being tapped. Previous studies show that the training of GAN by labelling can enable a computer to grasp interrelationship of spatial elements and logical relationship between spatial elements and boundary. This study set the learning object as layout of private gardens in southern Yangtze with higher complexity. Chinese scholars usually analyse private garden layout based on their observation and experience. In this paper, based on Pix2Pix model, we enable a computer to generate private garden layout plan for given site conditions by learning classic cases of traditional Chinese private gardens. Through the experiment, taking Lingering garden as example, we continuously adjust the labelling method to improve learning effect. The finally trained model can quickly generate private garden layout and aid designers to complete scheme design with private garden element corpus. In addition, the working process of training GAN enables us to discover and verify some private garden layout rules that have not been paid attention to.
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Frauenfelder, Arnaud. "The Two ‘Ages’ of Modernisation of Allotments: Changing Moral and Aesthetic Models." In The Urban Garden City, 53–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72733-2_4.
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Shu, Zhiheng. "Garden Visitor Detection Based on Improved Vibe Algorithm." In Application of Intelligent Systems in Multi-modal Information Analytics, 100–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74814-2_14.
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Franco Taboada, José Antonio. "Wood as an Essential Material in Architectural and Civil Engineering Models from the Renaissance to the Architectural Avant-Garde." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 285–320. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03676-8_10.
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Koppelaar, Rembrandt, Antonino Marvuglia, and Benedetto Rugani. "Water Runoff and Catchment Improvement by Nature-Based Solution (NBS) Promotion in Private Household Gardens: An Agent-Based Model." In Future City, 91–114. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71819-0_5.
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AbstractNature-based solutions (NBS) such as rainwater gardens and permeable paving can be deployed as an alternative to conventional urban gardens to improve cities’ resilience against increasing rainfall. This study describes the application of an agent-based model (ABM) to assess the role of private gardens toward the enhancement of water management by households. The ABM simulates the process of switching from “gray” (i.e., paved) to green gardens, taking into account the effect of “soft” (garden networks and gardening workshops) and “hard” (monetary) incentives. The ABM is supported by a water balance model to consider the effect of rainfall on soil water retention. Four different cities in Europe were analyzed: Szeged (Hungary), Alcalá de Henares (Spain), Metropolitan city of Milan (Italy), and Çankaya Municipality (Turkey). The results demonstrate that greening private gardens can generate impact on water run-off and catchment in cities in the order of 5–10%, reaching picks up to 20% in certain cases. While the proposed model is not devoid of limitations, the results provide useful insights in the ways different instruments (e.g., municipal subsidies and knowledge support) could assist with the greening of private gardens for NBS promotion to respond to cities’ water management challenges.
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Honor, Richard, and Robert I. Colautti. "EICA 2.0: a general model of enemy release and defence in plant and animal invasions." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 192–207. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0192.
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Abstract Plants and animals have evolved a variety of strategies to limit the negative fitness consequences of natural enemies (i.e. herbivores, predators, parasites and pathogens). Demographic bottlenecks occurring during the invasion process reduce the number of co-introduced natural enemies, providing opportunities to study rapid evolution in environments with different or reduced enemy loads. Enemy release theory provides a set of hypotheses and predictions about the role of natural enemies in the proliferation of invasive species. This body of theory includes the Enemy Release Hypothesis (ERH) and the related Evolution of Increased Competitive Ability Hypothesis (EICA), but there is often confusion about these hypotheses and the data needed to test them. We introduce a simple, general model of enemy release to identify and clarify some of the key assumptions and predictions implicit in enemy release theory and its impacts on invasion. Although introduced populations likely benefit from a reduction in the direct fitness impacts of natural enemies in the early stages of invasion, an evolutionary shift in resource allocation from defence to growth and reproduction is much less likely and depends on a delicate balance between the fitness costs and benefits of defence and the fitness impacts of natural enemies in both the native and introduced ranges. Even when the abundance of natural enemies is lower in the introduced range, the majority of scenarios do not favour evolution of less defended genotypes that are more competitive or more fecund, contrary to predictions of EICA. Perhaps surprisingly, we find that the level of damage by natural enemies in field surveys is not generally a good parameter for testing enemy release theory. Instead, common garden experiments characterizing fitness reaction norms of multiple genotypes from the native and introduced range are crucial to estimate the historic rate of adaptive evolution or predict it into the future. Incorporating spatial autocorrelation and methods from population genetics can further improve our understanding of the role of enemy release and evolution in the proliferation of invasive species.
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Bigras, Nathalie. "Un modèle de formation pour soutenir la qualité dans les centres de la petite enfance." In La qualité dans nos services de garde éducatifs à la petite enfance, 103–32. Presses de l'Université du Québec, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv18ph695.11.
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Bigras, Nathalie, and Christa Japel. "Vers un modèle écosystémique de la qualité des services de garde éducatifs à la petite enfance." In La qualité dans nos services de garde éducatifs à la petite enfance, 3–20. Presses de l'Université du Québec, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv18ph695.7.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Modèle de garde"
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Seo, SangHyun, YoungJun Kim, and HunJoo Lee. "Multi-Modal Garden Tree Modeling For Virtual World." In Games and Graphics 2013. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2013.39.25.
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Celmina, Vita, and Vivita Pukite. "ANALYSIS OF REMOTE SENSING DATA FOR DETERMINATION OF SPATIAL CHANGES IN ORCHARDS." In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b2/v2/15.
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Aim of the paper is to explore the application possibilities of remote sensing data for determination of spatial changes in orchards from 1995 to 2019. In Latvia, many fruit-growing companies have been established around the turn of the century and today have established a solid production base. Although many farms achieve good yields, the average level of productivity in orchards is insufficient. Often the yields are different in the same garden in different places. Remote sensing technology provides tree crown size data. Evaluating garden data would identify sectors with lower increments. When you see specific sectors on the map, they will be surveyed by gardeners looking for factors that have influenced tree growth (soil nutrient content, moisture content, abundant fruit yield, etc.). As a result, average productivity may increase by at least 10%, but in the longer term (5-6 years) by 20-30% Using Latvian Geospatial Information Agency’s available orthophoto and digital surface model (DSM) data, were examined three land units - orchards, where the spatial changes could be observed. The spatial changes can be observed over a longer period of time, therefore there were compared several orthophoto maps, each taken in different period of time. This study is an initial analysis of the data to determine the spatial changes. Future research will further investigate orchards with aerial laser scanning to determine accurate tree crown volumes and develop digital surface models.
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Colella, Whitney G., Stephen H. Schneider, Daniel M. Kammen, Aditya Jhunjhunwala, and Nigel Teo. "Part I of II: Development of MERESS Model—Developing System Models of Stationary Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Fuel Cell Systems (FCS) for Reduced Costs and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2008-65112.
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Stationary combined heat and power (CHP) fuel cell systems (FCSs) can provide electricity and heat for buildings, and can reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions significantly if they are configured with an appropriate installation and operating strategy. The Maximizing Emission Reductions and Economic Savings Simulator (MERESS) is an optimization tool that was developed to allow users to evaluate avant-garde strategies for installing and operating CHP FCSs in buildings. These strategies include networking, load following, and the use of variable heat-to-power ratios, all of which commercial industry has typically overlooked. A primary goal of the MERESS model is to use relatively inexpensive simulation studies to identify more financially and environmentally effective ways to design and install FCSs. It incorporates the pivotal choices that FCS manufacturers, building owners, emission regulators, competing generators, and policy makers make, and empowers them to evaluate the effect of their choices directly. MERESS directly evaluates trade-offs among three key goals: GHG reductions, energy cost savings for building owners, and high sales revenue for FCS manufacturers. MERESS allows users to evaluate these design trade-offs and to identify the optimal control strategies and building load curves for installation based on either 1) maximum GHG emission reductions or 2) maximum cost savings to building owners. Part I of II articles discusses the motivation and key assumptions behind MERESS model development. Part II of II articles discusses run results from MERESS for a California town and makes recommendations for further FCS installments (Colella 2008 (a)).
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Kovac, Martin, Katarina Kovacova, and Anna Sedlakova. "Efficiency of Natural Ventilation in Central Greenhouse of Botanical Garden in Kosice." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.263.
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The object of paper is analysis of natural ventilation system in central greenhouse of Botanical garden in Kosice. The greenhouse was refurbished in 2015. The existing greenhouse covering from glass panels was replaced for polycarbonate panels. The ventilation system of central greenhouse is natural and there are used openings in covering (wall, roof). It is combination of thermally and wind driven ventilation. The main aim of contribution is to analyse different modes of natural ventilation during summer period mainly. The important factors that influence efficiency of natural ventilation in greenhouse are location and area of openings, temperature stratification in greenhouse, solar radiation level, wind speed and direction too. If the greenhouse is ventilated naturally only through external windows (roof windows are closed) the efficiency of ventilation is very poor. The defined modes of natural ventilation search the right location and size of opened windows in order to achieve the most efficiency ventilation of indoor environment. For this purpose the progressive dynamic simulation tool DesignBuilder is used where the geometrical and specific calculated model of whole central greenhouse was created.
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Chen, Jiandong, Beibei Sun, Jianrun Zhang, Fei Xue, and Xin Liu. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Aerodynamic Noise Radiated From a Centrifugal Blower." In ASME 2015 Noise Control and Acoustics Division Conference at InterNoise 2015. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ncad2015-5916.
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Centrifugal blowers are widely used as garden machines, however, the aerodynamic noise generated by these machines cause serious problems. Although many researches focus on the generation mechanism and prediction method of centrifugal fan noise, most of these researches analysis the simplified centrifugal fan models and ignore the diffraction and scattering effect. In this paper, both experimental and numerical methods are carried out to analysis and measure the aerodynamic noise of the centrifugal blower. In order to calculate the flow field, a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) numerical model is established, and the LES (Large Eddy Simulation) model is used to solve the three-dimensional unsteady flow, while the FW-H (Ffows Williams-Hawkings) model is used to calculate the acoustic source. To consider the diffraction and scattering effect, a BEM method is used to predict the sound radiated from the blower. A parallel experiment is carried out to measure the aerodynamic noise in a semi-anechoic room, and the numerical result shows a good agreement with the experiment result. The effect of outlet and inlet ducts on the sound radiation of the centrifugal blower is also investigated in this paper.
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Colella, Whitney G., Stephen H. Schneider, Daniel M. Kammen, Aditya Jhunjhunwala, and Nigel Teo. "Part II of II: Deployment of MERESS Model—Designing, Controlling, and Installing Stationary Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Fuel Cell Systems (FCS) to Reduce Costs and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2008-65113.
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The Maximizing Emission Reductions and Economic Savings Simulator (MERESS) is an optimization tool that allows users to evaluate avant-garde strategies for installing and operating combined heat and power (CHP) fuel cell systems (FCSs) in buildings. This article discusses the deployment of MERESS to show illustrative results for a California campus town, and, based on these results, makes recommendations for further installations of FCSs to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. MERESS is used to evaluate one of the most challenging FCS types to use for GHG reductions, the Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC) system. These PAFC FCSs are tested against a base case of a CHP combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT). Model results show that three competing goals (GHG emission reductions, cost savings to building owners, and FCS manufacturer sales revenue) are best achieved with different strategies, but that all three goals can be met reasonably with a single approach. According to MERESS, relative to a base case of only a CHP CCGT providing heat and electricity with no FCSs, the town achieves the highest 1) GHG emission reductions, 2) cost savings to building owners, and 3) FCS manufacturer sales revenue each with three different operating strategies, under a scenario of full incentives and a $100/tonne carbon dioxide (CO2) tax (Scenario D). The town achieves its maximum CO2 emission reduction, 37% relative to the base case, with operating Strategy V: stand alone operation (SA), no load following (NLF), and a fixed heat-to-power ratio (FHP) [SA, NLF, FHP] (Scenario E). The town’s building owners gain the highest cost savings, 25%, with Strategy I: electrically and thermally networked (NW), electricity power load following (ELF), and a variable heat-to-power ratio (VHP) [NW, ELF, VHP] (Scenario D). FCS manufacturers generally have the highest sales revenue with Strategy III: NW, NLF, with a fixed heat-to-power ratio (FHP) [NW, NLF, FHP] (Scenarios B, C, and D). Strategies III and V are partly consistent with the way that FCS manufacturers design their systems today, primarily as NLF with a FHP. By contrast, Strategy I is avant-garde for the fuel cell industry, in particular, in its use of a VHP and thermal networking. Model results further demonstrate that FCS installations can be economical for building owners without any carbon tax or government incentives. Without any carbon tax or state and federal incentives (Scenario A), Strategy I is marginally economical, with 3% energy cost savings, but with a 29% reduction in CO2 emissions. Strategy I is the most economical strategy for building owners in all scenarios (Scenarios A, B, C, and D) and, at the same time, reasonably achieves other goals of large GHG emission reductions and high FCS manufacturer sales revenue. Although no particular building type stands out as consistently achieving the highest emission reductions and cost savings (Scenarios B-2 and E-2), certain building load curves are clear winners. For example, buildings with load curves similar to Stanford’s Mudd Chemistry building (a wet laboratory) achieve maximal cost savings (1.5% with full federal and state incentives but no carbon tax) and maximal CO2 emission reductions (32%) (Scenarios B-2 and E-2). Finally, based on these results, this work makes recommendations for reducing GHG further through FCS deployment. (Part I of II articles discusses the motivation and key assumptions behind the MERESS model development (Colella 2008).)
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Cova Morillo, Miguel Angel De la. "Le Corbusier y Charles Lasnon: De las maquetas blancas de los Salones de Otoño a los plan-reliefs del nuevo urbanismo." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.729.
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Resumen: El “mouleur” Charles Lasnon representa la convivencia que durante el primer tercio del siglo XX se dará entre las Artes y Oficios y las nuevas técnicas de representación vinculadas a la fotografía. Lasnon realizará para Le Corbusier una serie de maquetas que presentarán sus propuestas a escala doméstica y urbana, primera aproximación a una expresión tridimensional de sus teorías: los modelos 1:20 de los Salones de Otoño en 1922 y 1923, a camino entre el objet-type y la escultura de vanguardia, y las del “Urbanisme á trois dimensions” del Plan Obus y Nemours. Las maquetas de las Villas se establecerán como “manifiestos estéticos y arquitectónicos”. En ellas se ensayarán principios teóricos plásticos, previos incluso a una idea de construcción, indagaciones que abren la puerta a transferencias entre la representación a escala realizada en yeso y la arquitectura a realizar. Por otra parte, la vinculación de Lasnon con el Service Geographique de l’Armée le familiarizará con las nuevas técnicas de representación del territorio. Así, realizará los Carte-Relief de Argel coetáneamente a la ejecución de las maquetas de las propuestas urbanas argelinas de Le Corbusier, garantes no sólo del rigor geométrico de sus postulados: quedan en ellas registradas el paisaje original, cuya topografía se modela y manipula como si de un trabajo plástico se tratara. Utopías en busca de un lugar imaginado sobre un trozo de yeso. Abstract: Charles Lasnon, "mouleur",represents the coexistence between the Arts and Crafts and the new rendering techniques related to photography that took place in the first quarter of the twentieth century. Commissioned by Le Corbusier, Lasnon made in those years several models that represent his new proposals at a domestic and urban scale. That was the first approach to a three-dimensional expression of his theories –the scale models of 1:20 from "Salon d'Automne" in 1922 and 1923, which were halfway between objet-types and avant-garde sculptures, and the theories of "L'Urbanisme à trois dimensions" from Plan Obus and Nemours. The scale-models of "Villas" were established as “aesthetic and architectural manifestos”. They were used to test theoretical and plastic principles, formulated before the idea of construction. These tests resulted in "transfers" between plaster-craft scale models and the architecture to be built. Additionally, the links between Lasnon and the “Service Geographique de l’Armée” enabled him to be familiar with new techniques to represent landscape. Thus, Lasnon made the Carte-Reliefs d'Argel at the same time as Le Corbusier made the models for the urban proposals in Alger. These models not only guarantee the geometrical accuracy of his proposals, but also capture an original landscape whose topography is modeled as if it was a plastic craftwork. Utopias seeking an imaginary place on a plaster slice. Palabras clave: maqueta; moulage; Charles Lasnon; urbanismo; plan-relief; Salón de Otoño. Keywords: model; "moulage", Charles Lasnon; urbanism; plan-relief; Salon d'Automne. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.729
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Jolley, Victoria. "Central Lancashire New Town: the hidden polycentric supercity." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5945.
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From 1962 Lancashire, in England, became the focus of a major renewal scheme: the creation of a ‘super-city’ for 500,000 people. The last and largest New Town designated under the 1965 Act, Central Lancashire New Town (CLNT) differed from other New Towns. Although influenced by the ideals and example of Garden City model, its master plan followed new and proposed infrastructure to connect the sub-region’s poly-centricity. By unifying and expanding existing towns and settlements it aimed to generate prosperity on a sub-regional scale using the New Towns Act, rather than creating a single new self-sufficient urban development. CLNT’s scale, poly-centricity and theoretical growth made it unique compared to other new town typologies and, although not realised, its planning can be traced across Lancashire’s urban and rural landscape by communication networks and city-scale public and civic buildings. With reference to diagrams for the British New Towns of Hook, Milton Keynes and Civilia, this paper will contextualize and evaluate CLNT’s theoretical layout and its proposed expansion based on interdependent townships, districts and ‘localities’. The paper will conclude by comparing CLNT’s theoretical diagram with its proposed application and adaptation to the sub-region’s topographical physical setting. Keywords (3-5): Lancashire, New Towns, urban centres and pattern Conference topics and scale: Reading and regenerating the informal city References (100 words) RMJM (1967) in Ministry of Housing and Local Government (1967). Central Lancashire: Study for a City: Consultants’ Proposals for Designation, HMSO. Ministry of Housing and Local Government (1967). Central Lancashire: Study for a City: Consultants’ Proposals for Designation, HMSO.
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Chi, Yuandao, Nagu Daraboina, and Cem Sarica. "Investigation of Thermal Effects on Gas-Oil Stratified Flow Wax Deposition." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18477.
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Abstract Two-phase flow wax deposition is a flow-pattern-dependent phenomenon. The thickness and hardness of the deposit vary along the pipe circumference. In this work, two-phase gas-oil stratified flow wax deposition experiments at various liquid and gas flow rates have been conducted systematically using Garden Banks condensate and natural gas in a 2-inch I.D. multiphase flow loop under the pressure of 350 psi. Both deposit mass and wax content increased as superficial gas and liquid velocities increased. The local deposits were observed to be thinner but harder at the sides compared to the bottom of the pipe. Meanwhile, the cross-sectional deposits were crescent-shaped with an increasing local wax mass flux along the circumferential direction. The local multiphase hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics are known to play an essential role in the wax deposition process, and the temperature gradient is critical for establishing the concentration gradient. Thus, it is paramount to have a proper understanding of the local momentum and heat transfer to predict wax deposition in multiphase flow accurately. Therefore, numerical simulations with an SST (Shear Stress Transport) k∼ω turbulent model was implemented to understand local heat transfer in two-phase gas-oil stratified flow. After each simulation, the ANSYS CFD-Post was used to export, visualize, and analyze the simulated results. A total of 19 locations were selected for circumferential sampling to analyze the local heat transfer in the model. Detailed information on liquid volume fraction, shear stress, and temperature were analyzed. It has been observed that the local shear stress, temperature gradient, and inner wall temperature decrease with increasing θ. The thickness of the thermal boundary layer increases as θ increases due to reduced Nuθ. The comparison between the localized Nuθ and Nu from unified heat transfer model has revealed that variation in Nuθ is critical in the circumferential heat transfer calculation and wax deposition modeling.
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Bonasif, Jorge. "Urban Transportation Conditions from the Metropolitan Area of Kuala Lumpur that will Impact and Endanger Putrajaya’s Sustainability Plan." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.101.
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There is a growing demand for mobility and accessibility from the Klang Valley (The Greater Kuala Lumpur) into the city of Putrajaya. Putrajaya is the federal administrative Capital of Malaysia, conceived as the first sustainable intelligent city-garden. The public connectivity in Kuala Lumpur is mainly centralized with the RR (Rapid rail) integrated by the Light Rail Transit (LRT) and the MRT (Mass Rapid Transit) with connections by bus to the peripheral zones. However the primary mode of transportation is still private vehicles such as cars and motorcycles, with an increased use from 458,294 in 2006 to 628,239 in 2012. In 1990, these numbers increased from 247 vehicles per 1,000 persons to 546 and 994 vehicles per 1,000 persons in 1996 and 2002 respectively, beyond the national level per 1,000 population of 91 vehicles in 1990, 133 in 1996 and 210 vehicles in 2002 incrementing the heavily congested conditions existent in the traffic grid, thus also affecting the connection with Putrajaya (Kuala Lumpur Structured Plan 2020). This paper highlights the necessity for a closer examination to some of the factors that exert influence on the motivation of the preference in the use of private transportation in detriment of the existent public urban network that will affect and endanger the sustainable nature of Putrajaya. The primary methodology used is the consultation of available literature, newspapers, published reports, and interview with experts. A secondary source is the observation in situ to help support the conclusions. The constant growth on the demand for private transportation in the population is hypothesized to be directly positively correlated to a very ingrained tradition, unchangeable weather conditions and the unreliable connectivity. These factors directly affect the lack of incentives to improve existent public transportation from Klang Valley to Putrajaya.
Reports on the topic "Modèle de garde"
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Data for and adjusted regional regression models of volume and quality of urban storm-water runoff in Boise and Garden City, Idaho, 1993-94. US Geological Survey, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri954228.
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