Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modèle sigma'
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Nassar, Tarek. "Applications de l'Ansatz de Bethe et modèle sigma nonlinéaire." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20200.
Full textBorejsza, Karol. "Etude du modèle de Hubbard bidimensionnel dans l'approche du modèle sigma non linéaire effectif." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112288.
Full textWe study magnetic and one-particle properties of the 2d hubbard model within the framework of a non-linear sigma model (nlsm) description of spin fluctuations the theory rests upon the assumption of local antiferromagnetic (af) ordering. It is valid at all coulom interaction strengths, below a cross-over temperature marking the onset of af short-range order. At half-filling, we derive the magnetic phase diagram and compute the fermion spectral function. At zero temperature, long-range af order is shown to be present for all values of the coulomb repulsion. The ground-state exhibits a smooth transition from a slater-like behavior at weak coupling, to a mott-heisenberg-like behavior at strong coupling. At finite temperatures the af order is suppressed, in agreement with the mermin-wagner theorem, but the af correlation length remains exponentially large with respect to the lattice spacing, we develop a new technique for calculating the spectral function and the density of states, which takes into account the highly non-gaussian nature of magnetic fluctuations. We establish the existence of a transition between a weak-coupling regime exhibiting a pseudogap at finite temperatures, and a strong-coupling regime where one-particle excitations are gapped. The properties of bogoliubov quasi particles at zero temperature and of their precursors at finite temperatures are analyzed. Away from half filling, a new method for deriving the low-energy effective action is proposed. The effective model involves low-energy bogoliubov quasi particles coupled to a nlsm. The low-energy action is critically compared to known phenomenological nlsm-fermion theories
Salnikov, Vladimir. "Modèles sigma jaugés et géométrie graduée." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10137.
Full textIn this thesis we study some geometric constructions appearing naturally in the context of sigma models, their gauging and supersymmetrization. The thesis consists of three parts. The first part (chapters 1 and 2) contains facts coming from classical differential geometry and graded geometry, they are needed to understand the main results of the thesis. We review the geometric constructions related to Poisson and symplectic manifolds. We generalize these notions to Dirac and n-plectic manifolds and establish the links with Courant algebroids. The main language used in the thesis for mathematical description of the sigma models is the graded geometry - we thus define the basis of calculus on supermanifolds and graded manifolds, as well as describe the notions of Q-structures and multigraded manifolds. The main goal of the second part (chapters 3 and 4) is to interpret geometrically the gauge invariance of some sigma models. We establish the relation of the symmetries of the Dirac sigma model, and as a particular case of the (twisted) Poisson sigma model, with the subalgebra of sections of Courant algebroid. We generalize the notion of equivariant cohomology, that permits to recover the sigma models with a prescribed group of gauge symmetries. In particular we construct the necessary groups for the mentioned sigma models. The third part (chapter 5) addresses the graded extension of the sigma models (like in supersymmetrization). It is in fact related to the geometric structures that can be defined on the space of maps between multigraded manifolds
Urani, Alexandre. "Effets des agonistes du récepteur [sigma]1 (sigma1) dans un modèle animal de dépression. Interaction avec les neurostéroi͏̈des." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20220.
Full textMarchesiello, Patrick. "Simulation de la circulation océanique dans l'Atlantique sud, avec un modèle numérique à coordonnée sigma." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10042.
Full textCandu, Constantin. "Discrétisation des modèles sigma invariants conformes sur des supersphères et superespaces projectifs." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00494973.
Full textKnochel, Hervé. "Développement et validation d'un modèle numérique de circulation océanique à coordonnées [sigma] pour l'étude climatique de l'Atlantique nord." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10256.
Full textAjaka, Jassem. "Photoproduction du méson eta sur l'hydrogène du seuil jusqu'à 11OO MeV: Mesure de l'asymètrie faisceau Sigma." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011270.
Full textUn faisceau de photons étiquetés et polarisés linéairement a été produit en rétrodiffusant un faisceau laser sur le faisceau d'électrons de 6 GeV de l'anneau de l'ESRF. La cible a été d'hydrogène liquide de 3 cm. Un détecteur 4 pi a été utilisé, composé de trois couches de détecteurs: chambres à fil, compteurs à scintillation et calorimètres. Nous avions la charge d'installer et d'étalonner un double mur de scintillants (3x3 m) conçu pour détecter aux angles avant (1-25°) les particules chargées et mesurer leur pertes d'énergie et leurs temps de vol.
Nous avons analysé les résultats de la réaction g p -> eta p en identifant le eta dans le calorimètre latéral qui est une boule BGO et en détectant le proton dans les détecteurs à scintillation.
L'asymètrie faisceau Sigma a été extraite des distribution en phi du méson éta et a été établie en fonction de theta CM du eta pour 6 intervalles d'énergie incidentes allant du seuil jusqu'à 1100 MeV.
L'interprétation des résultats de l'asymètrie Sigma a été effectuée dans le cadre du modèle isobarique. La prise en compte des deux résonances, S11(1535) et D13(1520) n'a pas suffi pour expliquer nos résultats.
Il a fallu inclure en plus l'excitation des résonances P13(1720) et D13(1675) et P13(1880) la dernière étant manquante dans le tableau des résonances et récemment revélée par le modèle des quarks.
Decoene, Astrid. "Modèle hydrostatique pour les écoulements à surface libre tridimensionnels et schémas numériques." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00180003.
Full textNous proposons d'une part une nouvelle formulation variationnelle du problème hydrostatique aboutissant à un problème semi-discretisé en temps bien posé. Nous en faisons l'analyse mathématique et nous montrons quelques résultats numériques obtenus après programmation de l'approximation de ce problème dans le logiciel Telemac-3D développé au Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement (LNHE) d'edf.
D'autre part, nous étudions la réinterprétation dans le cadre ALE de la méthode de discrétisation verticale de domaines tridimensionnels appelée transformation sigma, et nous en proposons une généralisation permettant d'améliorer la représentation des stratifications dans un écoulement
Finalement, nous présentons un schéma ALE-MURD conservatif pour la résolution des équations de convection linéaires posées sur un domaine mobile. Une condition particulière doit être vérifiée afin que le schéma soit conservatif lorsque le domain bouge effectivement. Nous montrons comment assurer cette contrainte dans le cas particulier où le domaine est tridimensionnel et ne bouge que selon la verticale. Ce résultat est illustré dans le cadre des écoulements à surface libre en dimension trois.
Hugues, Olivier. "Réalité augmentée pour l'aide à la navigation. SIGMA : Système d'information Géographique Maritime Augmentée." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00655018.
Full textCharrier, Daniel. "Du magnétisme frustré aux fermions fortement corrélés : approches effectives et non perturbatives." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/760/.
Full textOver the past thirty years, experiments in Solid State Physics have led to the discovery of intriguing phenomena in new materials, such as high temperature superconductivity in copper oxides or the fractional quantum Hall effect in semiconductors. These compounds are essentially characterized by strong interactions between particles which induce interesting new behaviors but makes any perturbative approach to eventually break down. In this PhD thesis, we present some analytical and numerical results relevant for the study of different strongly correlated materials altogether with some new methods to investigate their properties. Our work is divided into three parts, each focusing on different aspects of the problem. In the first part, we investigate an unconventional phase transition in an interacting dimer model. With the help of highly-parallel Monte Carlo simulations, we show the very nature of the transition. On a second part, we introduce the problem of the groundstatability of a given wavefunction and its application to find the ground state of physical fermionic Hamiltonians. Finally, we present the problem of a frustrated spin tube, where we find a series of quantum phase transitions between topologically ordered phases, and put emphasis on the importance of the topological effects in the physics of these compounds
Vernier, Eric. "Non compact conformal field theories in statistical mechanics." Thesis, Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSU0005/document.
Full textThe critical points of statistical mechanical systems in 2 dimensions or quantum mechanical systems in 1+1 dimensions (this also includes non interacting systems in 2+1 dimensions) are effciently tackled by the exact methods of conformal fieldtheory (CFT) and integrability, which have witnessed a spectacular progress during the past 40 years. Several problems have however escaped an exact understanding so far, among which the plateau transition in the Integer Quantum Hall Effect,the main reason for this being that such problems are usually associated with non unitary, logarithmic conformal field theories, the tentative classification of which leading to formidable mathematical dificulties. Turning to a lattice approach, andin particular to the quest for integrable, exactly sovable representatives of these problems, one hits the second dificulty that the associated CFTs are usually of the non compact type, or in other terms that they involve a continuum of criticalexponents. The connection between non compact field theories and lattice models or spin chains is indeed not very clear, and in particular it has long been believed that the former could not arise as the continuum limit of discrete models built out of acompact set of degrees of freedom, which are the only ones allowing for a systematic construction of exact solutions.In this thesis, we show that the world of compact lattice models/spin chains with a non compact continuum limit is much bigger than what could be expected from the few particular examples known up to this date. More precisely we propose an exact Bethe ansatz solution of an infinite family of models (the so-called $a_n^{(2)}$ models, as well as some results on the $b_n^{(1)}$ models), and show that all of these models allow for a regime described by a non compact CFT. Such models include cases ofgreat physical relevance, among which a model for two-dimensional polymers with attractive interactions and loop models involved in the description of coupled Potts models or in a tentative description of the quantum Hall plateau transition by somecompact geometrical truncation. We show that the existence of an unsuspected non compact continuum limit for such models can have dramatic practical effects, for instance on the output of numerical determination of the critical exponents or ofMonte-Carlo simulations. We put our results to use for a better understanding of the controversial theta transition describing the collapse of polymers in two dimensions, and draw perspectives on a possible understanding of the quantum Hall plateautransition by the lattice approach
Petitjean, Julien. "Contributions au traitement spatio-temporel fondé sur un modèle autorégressif vectoriel des interférences pour améliorer la détection de petites cibles lentes dans un environnement de fouillis hétérogène Gaussien et non Gaussien." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR14157/document.
Full textThis dissertation deals with space-time adaptive processing in the radar’s field. To improve the detection’s performances, this approach consists in maximizing the ratio between the target’s power and the interference’s one, i.e. the thermal noise and the clutter. Several variants of its algorithm exist, one of them is based on multichannel autoregressive modelling of interferences. Its main problem lies in the estimation of autoregressive matrices with training data and guides our research’s work. Especially, our contribution is twofold.On the one hand, when thermal noise is considered negligible, autoregressive matrices are estimated with fixed point method. Thus, the algorithm is robust against non-gaussian clutter.On the other hand, a new modelling of interferences is proposed. The clutter and thermal noise are separated : the clutter is considered as a multichannel autoregressive process which is Gaussian and disturbed by the white thermal noise. Thus, new estimation’s algorithms are developed. The first one is a blind estimation based on errors in variable methods. Then, recursive approaches are proposed and used extension of Kalman filter : the extended Kalman filter and the Sigma Point Kalman filter (UKF and CDKF), and the H∞ filter. A comparative study on synthetic and real data with Gausian and non Gaussian clutter is carried out to show the relevance of the different algorithms about detection’s probability
Badran, Mohamad. "Contribution au développement d'une Nouvelle Approche du Compound Energy Formalism (NACEF)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0109.
Full textIn a current context of reducing energy consumption, it is necessary in many industrial fields to develop new materials such as multi-compound metal alloys. Their characterization in a purely experimental way quickly becomes impossible to realize, digital simulation tools become unavoidable. As such, the CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagram) approach is the most appropriate numerical tool for thermodynamic processing of multi-constituent systems. This is a semi-empirical method for describing the Gibbs energies of the phases of a system by mathematical functions by adjusting certain parameters from a set of information relating to the equilibrium phase or the thermodynamic and structural properties. Based on the sublattice model, Compound Energy Formalism (CEF) is widely used in CALPHAD modeling to describe Gibbs energy of phases that have multiple sublattices. The work presented in this dissertation is a contribution to the development of a New Approach to Compound Energy Formalism (NACEF) that aims to increase its potential. In this thesis, the new NACEF approach is presented in the case of multi-subnet binary phases with anti-site defects. We applied NACEF in the modeling of 2 binary systems in order to demonstrate its potential and in particular its ability to make model simplifications compatible. This is the Fe-Nb system in which the Laves C14 phase has been described by the 3-sublattice model and the Co-Cr system where the σ phase has been modeled with 5 sublattices. In the last chapter, we propose an extrapolation method based on NACEF which allows to obtain an estimate of the energies of the ordered configurations of a multi-constituted phase from those of the binary configurations. The results obtained on many systems in the case of the C14 and σ phases indicate a strong correlation between the extrapolated values and those obtained by DFT
Lacroix, Sylvain. "Modèles intégrables avec fonction twist et modèles de Gaudin affines." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEN014/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with a class of integrable field theories called models with twist function. The main examples of such models are integrable non-linear sigma models, such as the Principal Chiral Model, and their deformations. A first obtained result is the proof that the so-called Bi-Yang-Baxter model, which is a two-parameter deformation of the Principal Chiral Model, is also a model with twist function. It is then shown that Yang-Baxter type deformations modify certain global symmetries of the undeformed model into Poisson-Lie symmetries. Another chapter concerns the construction of an infinite number of local charges in involution for all integrable sigma models and their deformations: this result is based on the general formalism shared by all these models as field theories with twist function.The second part of the thesis concerns Gaudin models. These are integrable models associated with Lie algebras. In particular, field theories with twist function are related to Gaudin models associated with affine Lie algebras. A standard approach for studying the spectrum of quantum Gaudin models over finite algebras is the one of Feigin-Frenkel-Reshetikhin. In this thesis, generalisations of this approach are conjectured, motivated and tested. One of them deals with the so-called cyclotomic finite Gaudin models. The second one concerns the Gaudin models associated with affine Lie algebras
Robertson, Niall. "Non-compact conformal field theory and lattice models - the open case Conformally invariant boundary conditions in the antiferromagnetic Potts model and the SL(2, ℝ)/U(1) sigma model Integrable boundary conditions in the antiferromagnetic Potts model." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS099.
Full textIt is well known that lattice systems undergoing second-order phase transitions are described by Conformal Field Theories (CFTs) in the continuum limit. This thesis revolves around the study of open critical lattice models and their descriptions in the continuum limit by boundary CFTs, and is particularly concerned with models whose CFT descriptions have certain exotic properties such as being non-compact, a property identified by the appearance of a continuum of critical exponents in the language of statistical mechanics, and by the appearance of a continuum of conformal dimensions in the language of CFT. Tools from integrability such as the Bethe Ansatz, as well as numerical techniques such as exact diagonalisation are used to move between the lattice and field theory descriptions of the models under consideration.Particular focus is applied to the Potts model at its antiferromagnetic critical point, so-called due to the sign of the coupling constant at this critical point. A starting point in the analysis presented here is that new conformal boundary conditions in the antiferromagnetic Potts model are found and are shown to result in the appearance of the discrete character of the Euclidean Black Hole CFT on the lattice. Further study involving the lattice algebra representation theory results in an identity relating this discrete character to the string functions from the parafermion CFT.Motivated by the potential to apply the tools of integrability, the antiferromagnetic Potts model - and in particular its description as a staggered vertex model - is shown to map exactly to an integrable model constructed from the so-called D_2^2 algebra. This paves the way for an exact solution of the antiferromagnetic Potts model with two independent conformally invariant boundary conditions, both of which have convenient interpretations when the problem is formulated as a loop model. The continuum limit of the model with one of these boundary conditions is found to be non-compact, and a boundary renormalisation group flow is observed from a non-compact boundary CFT to a compact one
Parsons, Simon Paul. "Abelian dualities and sigma models." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367188.
Full textImbiriba, Breno César de Oliveira [UNESP]. "Explorando o modelo 'SIGMA' supersimétrico." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132613.
Full textImbiriba, Breno César de Oliveira. "Explorando o modelo 'SIGMA' supersimétrico /." São Paulo : [s.n.], 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132613.
Full textBondesan, Roberto. "Edge states and supersymmetric sigma models." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808736.
Full textHassan, M. U. "Aspects of integrable nonlinear sigma models." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603844.
Full textGladikowski, Jens. "Solitons in low-dimensional sigma models." Thesis, Durham University, 1997. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5077/.
Full textLi, Yi Kapustin Anton N. "Topological sigma models and generalized geometries /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2005. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05262005-154458.
Full textBianchi, Lorenzo. "Perturbation theory for string sigma models." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17439.
Full textIn this thesis we investigate quantum aspects of the Green-Schwarz superstring in various AdS backgrounds relevant for the AdS/CFT correspondence, providing several examples of perturbative computations in the corresponding integrable sigma-models. We start by reviewing in details the construction of the type IIB superstring action in AdS5 x S5 background defined as a supercoset sigma model, pointing out the limits of this procedure for backgrounds interesting in lower-dimensional examples of the gauge/gravity duality. We then consider the expansion about the BMN vacuum and the S-matrix for the scattering of worldsheet excitations. To evaluate its elements efficiently we develop a unitarity-based method for general massive two-dimensional field theories. We also analyze the AdS light-cone gauge fixed string in AdS4 x CP3 expanded around a “null cusp” vacuum. The free energy of this model is related to the cusp anomalous dimension of the gauge theory and, indirectly, to a non-trivial effective coupling entering all integrability-based calculations in AdS4/CFT3. We calculate corrections to the superstring partition function of the model, thus deriving the cusp anomalous dimension of ABJM theory at strong coupling up to two-loop order and giving support to a recent conjecture. Finally, we calculate at one-loop the dispersion relation of excitations about the GKP vacuum. Our successful application of unitarity-cut techniques on several examples supports the conjecture that S-matrices of two-dimensional integrable field theories are cut-constructible. Furthermore, our results provide valuable data in support of the quantum consistency of the string actions and furnish non-trivial stringent tests for the quantum integrability of the analyzed models.
Fearn, Sam Matthew. "Supersymmetric sigma models and their indices." Thesis, Durham University, 2018. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12654/.
Full textBaptista, João Manuel Queiros Faria de Oliveira. "Vortex equations in gauged sigma-models." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615222.
Full textLambert, Neil. "Massive sigma models and string solitons." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627529.
Full textOpfermann, Andreas. "Geometry and supersymmetry in sigma models." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624279.
Full textCoulibaly, Makha. "Modelo sigma não linear O(3)." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ESCZ-5KUNKK.
Full textChen, Zhuo. "Applications of gauged linear sigma models." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89565.
Full textDoctor of Philosophy
This thesis is devoted to a study of vacua of supersymmetric string theory (superstring theory) by gauged linear sigma models. String theory is best known as the candidate to unify Einstein’s general relativity and quantum field theory. We are interested in theories with a symmetry exchanging bosons and fermions, known as supersymmetry. The study of superstring vacua makes it possible to connect string theory to the real world, and describe the Standard model as a low energy effective theory. Gauged linear sigma models are one of the most successful models to study superstring vacua by, for example, providing insights into the global structure of their moduli spaces. We will use gauged linear sigma models to study mirror symmetry and its heterotic generalization “(0, 2) mirror symmetry.” They are both world-sheet dualities relating different interpretations of the same (internal) superstring vacua. Mirror symmetry is a very powerful duality which exchanges classical and quantum effects. By studying mirror symmetry and (0, 2) mirror symmetry, we gain more knowledge of the properties of superstring vacua.
Meyer, Jochen. "Renormierungsgruppen-Flussgleichungen im Heat-Kernel-Formalismus." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=96196006X.
Full textBassi, Cristian [Verfasser]. "Integrable sigma models from affine Gaudin models / Cristian Bassi." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1237050480/34.
Full textPotvin, Eric. "Génomique fonctionnelle de Pseudomonas aeruginosa et analyse moléculaire fine d'un facteur sigma-anti-sigma." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19067.
Full textPseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis patients (CF). To overcome innate self defense, P. aeruginosa possesses a wide arsenal of virulence factors. These include degradation enzymes such as proteases, lipases and phospholipases and the production of three specific toxins: exotoxin A and exoenzymes S and T. Sequencing of the complete P. aeruginosa chromosome (strain PAO1) of 6.3 Mb revealed a highly regulated and complex genomic organization. In order to better understand host-pathogen molecular interactions, we developped a new signature-tagged mutagenesis (STM) approach based on PCR screening. The PCR-based STM technology lead to the identification of 214 mutants deficient in their ability to maintain a chronic pulmonary infection in the rat lung. In that pool of STM mutants, STM2895, which contains a transposon insertion in functional PA2895, was the most frequently drafted during the whole mutant library screening. Phenotypic analyses of the STM2895 strain allowed us to identify an exoprotease production defect as compared with wild type strain PAO1. The biochemical characterization of that proteolytic default using specific degradation assays combined with western blotting revealed that at least two (LasA and LasB) of the four major exoproteases from P. aeruginosa STM2895 strain are inactive. In fact, LasA and LasB elastases were shown to be present in the STM2895 culture supernatant, correctly processed but inactive due to a probable misfolding of proteins. The PA2895 gene (unknown function) encodes a protein with a predicted transmembrane domain. Basic genomic context analyses strongly suggest a cotranscription unit with the downstream gene PA2896, a putative sigma 70 factor from ECF (extracytoplasmic function) type. Microarray experiments on the STM2895 strain and an insertional mutant of the PA2896 gene were performed to establish a link between the putative PA2895-PA2896 operon and the metabolism of iron. Transcriptome analysis also demonstrated a repressive action of PA2895 on the transcription of PA2896 putative sigma factor. Finally, in vivo studies in the rat lung chronic infection model clearly showed a ten-fold decrease in survival capacity of the mutant strain when compared to the PAO1 wild-type strain.
Pavlík, Michal. "Modelování perspektivních struktur modulátorů delta-sigma s využitím techniky spínaných proudů." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233506.
Full textHalvarsson, Thomas. "(Conformal) Supersymmetric sigma models in low dimensions." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teoretisk fysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-207885.
Full textMiller, B. H. "Conserved local charges in supergroup sigma models." Thesis, University of York, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495898.
Full textIoannidou, Theodora. "Classical sigma models in 2+1 dimensions." Thesis, Durham University, 1996. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5293/.
Full textMachin, William Robert. "Supersymmetric sigma models, guage theories and vortices." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407634.
Full textBedoya, Delgado Oscar Andrés [UNESP]. "Invariância conforme no modelo sigma da corda." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132536.
Full textBedoya, Oscar Andrés Bedoya. "Invariância conforme no modelo sigma da corda/." São Paulo, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132536.
Full textBanca: Victor de Oliveira Rivelles
Banca: Galen Mihaylov Sotkov
Resumo: Será feita uma revisão acerca das simetrias da teoria de corda bosônica e suas anomalias. Este estudo será feito tanto para o caso de cordas movendo-se num espaço-tempo tipo Minkowski, como no caso de cordas acopladas a campos tomando valores no espaço-tempo. Usando teoria de perturbações, será calculada a condição de cancelamento de anomalia a 1-loop. Esta condição estabelecerá vinculos interessantes entre os campos do espaço tempo através de uma equação do tipo da equação de Einstein. Finalmente, será mostrado como calcular condições de cancelamento de anomalia a ordens mais altas em teoria de perturbações usando métodos do grupo de renormalização
Abstract: A review will be made of the symmetries and the anomalies of the bosonic string. It will be considered the case of a string moving in a Minkowskian space- time and also, a string coupled to fields in space-time. Perturbation theory will allow calculation at the one-loop levei of the condition under which the anomaly vanishes. This condition will establish interesting constraints on the background fields since they obey an equation of the Einstein type. Finally, it will be shown how to calculate conditions for anomaly vanishing beyond the one-loop order using renormalization group methods
Mestre
Roos, Cristiano. "Modelo para seleção de projetos Seis Sigma." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2014. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/123301.
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Esta tese tem por objetivo estruturar um modelo que otimize a efetividade na seleção de projetos Seis Sigma, considerando projetos com diferentes disponibilidades de variáveis aleatórias. A efetividade é aqui definida como a otimização conjunta dos meios (eficiência) e dos resultados (eficácia) relacionados à seleção de projetos Seis Sigma, ou em outras palavras, que os projetos com maiores potenciais de retorno financeiro sejam priorizados e selecionados. Como aporte para se alcançar o objetivo da tese, desenvolveu-se um conjunto de estudos de campo, especificamente, quatro estudos de caso e uma pesquisa do tipo levantamento survey. Com os estudos de campo e a revisão bibliográfica foi possível propor um modelo que otimize a efetividade na seleção de projetos Seis Sigma, considerando projetos com diferentes disponibilidades de variáveis aleatórias. O modelo foi baseado na teoria Grey, utilizando uma série de equações matemáticas. Na sequência aplicou-se este modelo por meio de uma pesquisa-ação, buscando avaliá-lo na prática. A principal conclusão foi que o modelo apresenta características capazes de trazer mais simplicidade ao processo de seleção de projetos Seis Sigma, ao mesmo tempo em que, traz menos subjetividade ao envolver séries qualitativas relacionadas a séries quantitativas. Assim, conclusivamente, esta tese proporcionou uma reflexão acerca da importância do modelo proposto para aquelas organizações que necessitam selecionar projetos Seis Sigma de modo menos subjetivo (com base numérica), utilizando-se relações de séries qualitativas e quantitativas.
Stepanchuk, Andrej. "Aspects of integrability in string sigma-models." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/28904.
Full textKainane, Mezadek Mohamed. "Structural damped sigma-evolution operators." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-qucosa-137146.
Full textThema der vorliegenden Dissertation ist die Untersuchung asymptotischer Eigenschaften von Lösungen des Cauchy Problems für strukturell gedämpfte sigma-Evolutions-Operatoren mit zeitabhängigem, monotonen Dissipationskoeffizienten. Es wird eine geeignete Energie definiert und für diese Abschätzungen, auf für entsprechende Energien höherer Ordnung gezeigt. Darüber hinaus wird der Einfluss des Dissipationskoeffizienten auf L^p-L^q Abschätzungen auf und entfernt von der konjugierten Linie untersucht. Im skaleninvarianten Fall wird die Schärfe der Abschätzungen bewiesen. Weiterhin wird der Zusammenhang zwischen der Regularität der Daten und der der Lösung in Termen von L^2-basierten Gevrey-Räumen untersucht. Schließlich werden L^1-L^1-Abschätzungen für den Spezialfall delta = sigma/2 und monoton fallenden Dissipationskoeffizienten gezeigt
Signori, Daniele Ping Xu. "Poisson sigma models, reduction and nonlinear gauge theories." [University Park, Pa.] : Pennsylvania State University, 2009. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-4749/index.html.
Full textBull, D. R. "Soliton dynamics and symmetry in CP² sigma models." Thesis, Durham University, 1995. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5452/.
Full textStojevic, Vid. "Special holonomy and two-dimensional supersymmetric sigma models." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439781.
Full textMohammedi, N. "Non-linear sigma models and string effective actions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383437.
Full textGammal, Arnaldo. "O Termo Sigma Nuclear no Modelo de Skyrme." Universidade de São Paulo, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43132/tde-04122013-164120/.
Full textThe nuclear sigma term, the isoscalar quark content of the nuclear state, is calculated within the Skyrme model considering the current quark mass dependence of the nucleon-nucleon potential. The nuclear sigma term is extracted from the nuclear mass using the Hellmann-Feynman theorem, which demands for the derivative of the nucleon-nucleon interaction, m IND.q V IND.NN/ m IND.q, with respect to the up-down quark masses, The potential is evaluated in the skyrmion-skyrmion picture within the quantized product anstatz. The quark mass dependence of the potential comes from the pion mass term in the Skyrme Lagrangian. Such connection is made using the Gell-Mann, Oakes and Renner relation. We provide a discussion on how m IND.q V IND.NN/ m IND.q should enter in the evaluation of the nuclear sigma-term in the context of nonrealativistic quantum mechanics. We also calculate the nucleon sigma term, and the derivatives of the pion-nucleon coupling constant, axial charge, electromagnetic radius and magnetic moments. Considering the contribution of the potential to the nuclear matter sigma term, the local value quark condensate drops only 5% at normal density. The problem of missing repulsion in the magnitude of the real part of the isoscalar s-wave pion nucleus optical potential, as taken from pionic atom and elastic scattering data analysis, is fixed in the present context. The contribution of the skyrmion-skyrmion potential to the nuclear sigma term, provides the missing repulsion to the pion-nucleus optical potential, in remarkable agreement with the fitted parameters and also reproducing its mass dependence.
Ferro, Dennis Eduardo Zavaleta [UNESP]. "Some geometric aspects of non-linear sigma models." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151647.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
We review some relevant examples for String Theory of non-linear sigma models. These are bosonic strings propagating in curved background, the Wess-Zumino-Witten model and superstrings in flat and AdS superspace. The mathematical tools required for the study of these models (e.g. topological quantization, Cartan geometry, Lie superalgebras and geometry on coset spaces) are also described. Throughout the dissertation we have focused on classical aspects of these models such as the construction of the action and its symmetries where conditions for holomorphic symmetry of the bosonic string case were found.
Nesta dissertação estudamos alguns exemplos de modelos sigma não lineares em Teoria de cordas. Estes são a corda bosónica se propagando em espaços curvos, o modelo Wess-Zumino-Witten e supercordas em superespaço plano e AdS. As ferramentas matemáticas que se precisam para o estudo destes modelos (e.g. quantização topológica, geometria de Cartan, super-álgebras de Lie e geometria em espaços coset) também são descritas. Ao longo desta dissertação focamos os aspectos clássicos destes modelos tais como a construção da ação e suas simetrias onde condições para serem estas holomorficas no caso da corda bosónica foram achadas.
Ferro, Dennis Eduardo Zavaleta. "Some geometric aspects of non-linear sigma models /." São Paulo, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151647.
Full textResumo: We review some relevant examples for String Theory of non-linear sigma models. These are bosonic strings propagating in curved background, the Wess-Zumino-Witten model and superstrings in flat and AdS superspace. The mathematical tools required for the study of these models (e.g. topological quantization, Cartan geometry, Lie superalgebras and geometry on coset spaces) are also described. Throughout the dissertation we have focused on classical aspects of these models such as the construction of the action and its symmetries where conditions for holomorphic symmetry of the bosonic string case were found.
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