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1
Petit, Sébastien. "Le Lean 6 sigma dans l'aéronautique : un cas de management par projet comme modèle d'organisation." Sociologies pratiques 22, no. 1 (2011): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/sopr.022.0113.
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Mothebe, Mbakiso Fix. "Products of Admissible Monomials in the Polynomial Algebra as a Module over the Steenrod Algebra." Journal of Mathematics Research 8, no. 3 (May 23, 2016): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v8n3p112.
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Let ${\P}(n) ={\F}[x_1,\ldots,x_n]$ be the polynomial algebra in $n$ variables $x_i$, of degree one, over the field $\F$ of two elements. The mod-2 Steenrod algebra $\A$ acts on ${\P }(n)$ according to well known rules. A major problem in algebraic topology is that of determining $\A^+{\P}(n)$, the image of the action of the positively graded part of $\A$. We are interested in the related problem of determining a basis for the quotient vector space ${\Q}(n) = {\P}(n)/\A^{+}\P(n)$. Both ${\P }(n) =\bigoplus_{d \geq 0} {\P}^{d}(n)$ and ${\Q}(n)$ are graded, where ${\P}^{d}(n)$ denotes the set of homogeneous polynomials of degree $d$. ${\Q}(n)$ has been explicitly calculated for $n=1,2,3,4$ but problems remain for $n \geq 5.$ In this note we show that if $u = x_{1}^{m_1} \cdots x_{k}^{m_{k}} \in {\P}^{d}(k)$ and $v = x_{1}^{e_1} \cdots x_{r}^{e_{r}} \in {\P}^{d'}(r)$ are an admissible monomials, (that is, $u$ and $v$ meet a criterion to be in a certain basis for ${\Q}(k)$ and ${\Q}(r)$ respectively), then for each permutation $\sigma \in S_{k+r}$ for which $\sigma(i)<\sigma(j),$ $i<j\leq k$ and $\sigma(s)<\sigma(t),$ $k<s<t\leq k+r,$ the monomial $x_{\sigma(1)}^{m_1} \cdots x_{\sigma(k)}^{m_{k}} x_{\sigma(k+1)}^{e_1} \cdots x_{\sigma(k+r)}^{e_r} \in {\P}^{d+d'}(k+r)$ is admissible. As an application we consider a few cases when $n=5.$
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Gómez Pardo, José L., and Pedro A. Guil Asensio. "Every $\Sigma $-CS-module has an indecomposable decomposition." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 129, no. 4 (October 10, 2000): 947–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9939-00-05654-9.
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BA, Alhousseynou, Sidy Demba Touré, and Oumar Diankha. "On FGDF-modules." Journal of Mathematics Research 9, no. 4 (July 25, 2017): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v9n4p196.
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Let R be a unital ring and M a unitary module not necessary over R. The FGDF-module is a generalization of FGDF-rings (Touré, Diop, Mohamed and Sangharé, 2014). In this work, we first give some properties of FGDF-modules. After that, we show that for a finitely generated module M, M is a FGDF-module if and only if M is of finite representation type module. Finally, we show that M is a finitely generated FGDF-module if and only if every Dedekind finite module of $\sigma[M]$ is noetherian.
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Wang, Rui, Xi Wang, Kun Yin, and Yang Zhao. "Landslide Stability Analysis Based on GeoStudio." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3701–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3701.
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In order to monitor landslide risk, GeoStudio software is frequently applied to landslide stability analysis. In this paper, Juting landslide in Shanxi was subjected by GeoStudio software, while limit equilibrium method was adopted to calculate the landslide stability in the slip surface. The solutions of stress and displacement vector were gotten through SIGMA / W module on the landslide for finite element method in sliding surface stress analysis. And it was also used to import the results obtained in SIGMA / W module into SLOPE / W module to calculate safety factor and the potential sliding surface. The result shows that the calculated safety factors which are worked out by those two ways are close to each other, and limit equilibrium method can be used in landslide stability analysis, but the finite element method is more consistent with the actual situation. GeoStudio software can calculate landslide stability coefficient conveniently, and can express potential slip surface intuitively, providing reliable foundation for landslide stability analysis.
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Sawatsuphaphon, Thunwarat, and Parames Chutima. "Contactless Chip Module Defect Reduction." Solid State Phenomena 305 (June 2020): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.305.59.
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This research was conducted in a manufacturing company that produces integrated circuits for global customers. The purpose of this research was to reduce defect rate from the assembly department that affected to product lots on hold at the test department for the contactless chip module package which had an increasing product lots on hold rate of 9.5% in March 2019 based on the reject criteria V_limiter (REQA). The potential cause of defect came from die crack. In order to reduce defect rate, the 5 steps of DMAIC Six Sigma methodology were applied in this research to identify the root cause of the problem and establish effective actions. After the improvement, the product (lots) on hold criteria V_limiter (REQA) was reduced from 9.5% to 5.82% in July 2019.
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Berg, B. R., and I. H. Sarelius. "Functional capillary organization in striated muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 268, no. 3 (March 1, 1995): H1215—H1222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1995.268.3.h1215.
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In striated muscle, capillaries occur as independent network groups. Network architecture was quantitated in cremaster muscle of pentobarbital sodium-anesthetized hamsters in three age groups [51 +/- 1 (SE), 65 +/- 1, and 79 +/- 1 days old]. We observed that networks consist of independent subgroups of capillaries, called modules. Module architecture did not vary significantly with age during maximal dilation (Max, 10(-4) M adenosine): tissue area (A) = 1.87 +/- 0.16, 1.19 +/- 0.13, and 1.81 +/- 0.3 x 10(5) microns 2; total segment length (sigma L) = 3.07 +/- 0.23, 2.15 +/- 0.21, and 3.02 +/- 0.45 x 10(3) microns; and segment number (N) = 14.5 +/- 1.1, 9.9 +/- 1.1, and 12.6 +/- 1.6, at ages 51, 65, and 79 days, respectively. Max module architecture was not different at 65 days of age at a second site of known higher O2 inflow: A = 2.03 +/- 0.32 x 10(5) microns 2; sigma L = 3.07 +/- 0.47 x 10(3) microns; and N = 13.1 +/- 2.1. During control conditions (Rest) there was also no significant difference with age: A = 1.68 +/- 0.18, 1.15 +/- 0.19, and 1.64 +/- 0.24 x 10(5) microns 2; sigma L = 2.31 +/- 0.23, 1.91 +/- 0.33, and 2.82 +/- 0.37 x 10(3) microns; N = 10.2 +/- 1.0, 7.8 +/- 1.3, and 11.0 +/- 1.4, at ages 51, 65, and 79 days, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Tchidi, Megan Florent, and Zhen He. "Étude des méthodes et modèles de « design for six sigma » (DFSS)." La Revue des Sciences de Gestion 252, no. 6 (2011): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rsg.252.0069.
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Sreedharan V., Raja, Vijaya Sunder M., Vandana Madhavan, and Anand Gurumurthy. "Development of Lean Six Sigma training module: evidence from an emerging economy." International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management 37, no. 5 (July 19, 2019): 689–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijqrm-08-2018-0209.
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Purpose Nowadays, firms are keen on improving the quality culture in the organizations. The proven success of Lean and Six Sigma has given rise to the synergetic Lean Six Sigma (LSS) approach that has been catching fire in the past one decade. However, there exists a gap between the understanding and implementation of LSS in the organizations, especially in the emerging economies. Taking this as a valuable opportunity, the purpose of this paper is to present a development of LSS training module. Design/methodology/approach This study starts with a literature review of LSS to reinforce the understanding of the research subject in scope of manufacturing sector. Then, an online questionnaire was designed and used to collect responses from 181 companies located in the Indian sub-continent. Subsequently, the results obtained from the survey were analyzed using COARSE approach. Findings This study reveals two key findings and associated contributions. First, it was found that the overall awareness of LSS within the responded manufacturing firms is about 70.4 percent. Second, there is no single standard training module that exists in any of the sampled firms to cater to their quality programs. Hence, in order to improve the LSS awareness which could subsequently help managers as a resource for creating an efficient workplace, this paper presents a structured LSS training framework. Research limitations/implications Although this paper presents the importance of LSS and associated awareness level among the responded firms, more empirical evidence is required to generalize the model findings. Second, this study is scoped to firms that work out of the Indian sub-continent, and this provides a future opportunity to expand the scope of this research toward a global study for a comparison between emerging and developed economies. Third, this study is limited to manufacturing firms and hence paves an opportunity to research on a similar theme in services context as well. Practical implications Before embarking on an LSS journey, an organization can use the LSS training module proposed in this study to assess the employee awareness on LSS. Furthermore, organizations that already have a mature LSS practice can incorporate the LSS training module for periodic evaluation of the employees for effective change management. Originality/value The training module presented in this paper is the original contribution by the authors. This is no association to any single identifiable organization or associated funding. The direct practical implication of its application in real time is the value that managers could derive from the proposed LSS training framework.
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Fitriani, Fitriani, Indah Wijayanti, and Budi Surodjo. "Generalization of $\mathcal{U}$-Generator and $M$-Subgenerator Related to Category $\sigma[M]$." Journal of Mathematics Research 10, no. 4 (June 27, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v10n4p101.
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Let $\mathcal{U}$ be a non-empty set of $R$-modules. $R$-module $N$ is generated by $\mathcal{U}$ if there is an epimorphism from $\oplus_{\Lambda}U_{\lambda}$ to $N$, where $U_{\lambda} \in \mathcal{U}$, for every $\lambda \in \Lambda$. $R$-module $M$ is a subgenerator for $N$ if $N$ is isomorphic to a submodule of an $M$-generated module. In this paper, we introduce a $\mathcal{U}_{V}$-generator, where $V$ be a submo\-dule of $\oplus_{\Lambda}U_{\lambda}$, as a generalization of $\mathcal{U}$-generator by using the concept of $V$-coexact sequence. We also provide a $\mathcal{U}_{V}$-subgenerator motivated by the concept of $M$-subgenerator. Furthermore, we give some properties of $\mathcal{U}_{V}$-generated and $\mathcal{U}_{V}$-subgenerated modules related to category $\sigma[M]$. We also investigate the existence of pullback and pushout of a pair of morphisms of $\mathcal{U}_{V}$-subgenerated modules. We prove that the collection of $\mathcal{U}_{V}$-subgenerated modules is closed under submodules and factor modules.
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Chen, Jianbin, Fuqiang Yao, Jiang Zhang, and Zhihu Wei. "An Equal-Area Criterion Based Pulse Encoding Strategy for RF Switch-Mode Power Amplifier." Frequenz 73, no. 1-2 (January 28, 2019): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/freq-2018-0071.
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Abstract A novel pulse encoding strategy for RF switch-mode power amplifier (SMPA) is proposed in this paper to achieve benefits of multi-level delta-sigma modulators (DSM) while alleviating challenges that multi-level DSM brings to SMPA. The pulse encoder consists of a multi-level delta-sigma modulators (DSM) followed by a level transformation module (LTM). Based on the equal-area criterion, LTM directly maps the multi-level DSM pulse train into a binary pulse train which enables a simple system configuration. The feasibility and effectiveness of proposed strategy are verified by numerical simulation and experimental measurement. Results show that, with a similar coding efficiency, the proposed strategy obtains more than 7 dB improvement in average in-band signal to noise ratio (SNR) compared to traditional two-level DSM.
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Kolodkin-Gal, Ilana, and Hanna Engelberg-Kulka. "The Stationary-Phase Sigma Factor σS Is Responsible for the Resistance of Escherichia coli Stationary-Phase Cells to mazEF-Mediated Cell Death." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 9 (February 27, 2009): 3177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00011-09.
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ABSTRACT Escherichia coli mazEF is a toxin-antitoxin gene module that mediates cell death during exponential-phase cellular growth through either reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent or ROS-independent pathways. Here, we found that the stationary-phase sigma factor σS was responsible for the resistance to mazEF-mediated cell death during stationary growth phase. Deletion of rpoS, the gene encoding σS from the bacterial chromosome, permitted mazEF-mediated cell death during stationary growth phase.
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Song, Ming Xin, Zhi Ming Wang, and Yang Yang. "A Sigma-Delta Modulator System Design with 1-1-1 Mash Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 389 (August 2013): 568–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.389.568.
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This paper designs a three cascaded sigma-delta modulator with using mash structure. Analysis of gain coefficient of each module and simulate the modulator for the behavioral level. In 0.5μm CMOS process conditions, the input signal bandwidth is 20 kHz, oversampling rate is 256, SNR of the simulation model can get 100.5 dB, and accuracy is greater than 16 bit. Compared with other structures of the modulator, it has more stable and more dynamic range, so it can be applied to audio-frequency circuit.
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Zhao, Ying Kai, Liang Yin, Zhao Tong Liu, Wei Ping Chen, and Xiao Wei Liu. "A 16 Bits 500 kHz Sigma-Delta DAC for Silicon Micro Gyroscope." Key Engineering Materials 645-646 (May 2015): 605–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.645-646.605.
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In this paper, a 16 Bits 500 kHz Sigma-Delta DAC for Silicon Micro Gyroscope is proposedin order to enhance the precision of the digital to analog converter level.The interpolation filterhas achieved 64 times interpolation function,using three cascaded manner, it employs three level cascaded of FIR filterstructure. It achieves a 64 times oversampling feature. The signalbandwidth of the designs interpolation filter is 100 kHz, SNR reach 106dB. Fifth-order single-loop structure CIFB achieve noise shaping modulator function to verify the stability of the system, after the completion of CSD coefficient coding, signal to noise ratio reached 119.7dB, effective bits reached 19.59. The switched capacitor technology actualize analog reconstruction filter module, and using a typically switched capacitor DAC achieved high jump "0, 1" digital signal is converted into an analog signal, the digital-analog conversion achieved.
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Wang, Xuan Zhi, Syed H. Masood, and M. Dingle. "Numerical Simulation and Optimisation of Sheet Metal Forming for Auto-Body Panel Using AutoForm Software." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 1911–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.1911.
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This paper focuses on a rapid simulation methodology for sheet metal forming, using AutoForm™ software, for an auto-body panel. An engine hood is selected as a sample part. Simulation of the whole process cycle, including drawing, cutting and flanging is presented generally. According to the required outer surface forming quality, the dominant parameter is determined firstly from various parameters using AutoForm™ sigma module. The optimisation of the dominant parameters is then performed to obtain the best result. This methodology can decrease the optimisation time and predict the most crucial parameter in the forming process for design engineers, which can dramatically reduce the lead time of automobile industries.
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Shokri, Alireza, and Farhad Nabhani. "LSS, a problem solving skill for graduates and SMEs." International Journal of Lean Six Sigma 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 176–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlss-06-2014-0014.
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Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the feasibility of a systematic Lean Six Sigma (LSS) education through the curriculum of business schools to respond to the existing gap between the graduate’s expectation of employability and skill requirements by the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Design/methodology/approach – A UK business school has been used as a case study to conduct extensive module and programme review followed by a semi-structured interview with potentially suitable core and programme-specific module tutors and comparative analysis. Findings – The result revealed a high potential of the existing modules in the business schools equivalent to the private sector training providers to increase the level of LSS problem-solving knowledge and skill for all graduates and improve their employability and productivity for the SMEs. Originality/value – The result of this study highlights the role of LSS to reduce the knowledge and skill gap between the business schools as the source of the explicit knowledge, graduates as the knowledge and skill bearer and SMEs as the knowledge and skill users.
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Leslie, Alan M., and Francesca Happé. "Autism and ostensive communication: The relevance of metarepresentation." Development and Psychopathology 1, no. 3 (July 1989): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579400000407.
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AbstractRecent empirical and theoretical work on both normal and pathological development has led to the formulation of the metarepresentational conjecture for autism. This account of autistic development links the core impairments in imaginative abilities, communicative skills, and social competence to dysfunction of a single set of underlying cognitive mechanisms. In this context, Mundy and Sigman (1989) argue that the impairment of early gestural communication in autism cannot be accounted for by the metarepresentational theory. On the contrary, this early communication impairment in autism is highly consistent with a faulty theory-of-mind module. In normal development, this module is available from around the first year to handle estensive communication – shared pretense being a prime, though slightly later, example. We briefly consider the role in communication of perceptual processes that may trigger metarepresentation. This early theory-of-mind module, with its metarepresentational processes, provides the specific developmental basis for later versions of the child's theory of mind.
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Donegan, Niles P., and Ambrose L. Cheung. "Regulation of the mazEF Toxin-Antitoxin Module in Staphylococcus aureus and Its Impact on sigB Expression." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 8 (January 30, 2009): 2795–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01713-08.
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ABSTRACT In Staphylococcus aureus, the sigB operon codes for the alternative sigma factor σB and its regulators that enable the bacteria to rapidly respond to environmental stresses via redirection of transcriptional priorities. However, a full model of σB regulation in S. aureus has not yet emerged. Earlier data has suggested that mazEF, a toxin-antitoxin (TA) module immediately upstream of the sigB operon, was transcribed with the sigB operon. Here we demonstrate that the promoter P mazE upstream of mazEF is essential for full σB activity and that instead of utilizing autorepression typical of TA systems, sigB downregulates this promoter, providing a negative-feedback loop for sigB to repress its own transcription. We have also found that the transcriptional regulator SarA binds and activates P mazE . In addition, P mazE was shown to respond to environmental and antibiotic stresses in a way that provides an additional layer of control over sigB expression. The antibiotic response also appears to occur in two other TA systems in S. aureus, indicating a shared mechanism of regulation.
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XU, Z. T., X. L. ZHANG, J. Z. CHEN, S. G. HU, Q. YU, Y. LIU, and W. M. LIM. "VCO-BASED CONTINUOUS-TIME SIGMA DELTA ADC BASED ON A DUAL-VCO-QUANTIZER-LOOP STRUCTURE." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 22, no. 09 (October 2013): 1340013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126613400136.
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This paper explores a continuous time (CT) sigma delta (ΣΔ) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) based on a dual-voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)-quantizer-loop structure. A third-order filter is adopted to reduce quantization noise and VCO nonlinearity. Even-order harmonics of VCO are significantly reduced by the proposed dual-VCO-quantizer-loop structure. The prototype with 10 MHz bandwidth and 400 MHz clock rate is designed using a 0.18 μm RF CMOS process. Simulation results show that the signal-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise distortion ratio (SNDR) are 76.9 and 76 dB, respectively, consuming 37 mA at 1.8 V. The key module of the ADC, which is a 4-bit VCO-based quantizer, can convert the voltage signal into a frequency signal and quantize the corresponding frequency to thermometer codes at 400 MS/s.
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Huang, Fu Xiang, Zhi Qiang Gao, and Xiao Wei Liu. "Design of 16 bit 200kHz Feedforward Sigma-Delta ADC Applied in Silicon Gyroscope." Key Engineering Materials 645-646 (May 2015): 548–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.645-646.548.
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Due to the huge potential applications in military and civil fields, silicon micro mechanical gyro has become the most popular research direction in MEMS field today. Therefore, the corresponding interface circuit of silicon gyroscope has also become a hot topic at home and abroad. Now, integration, digitalization and intelligence has become the focus of future research directions of silicon gyroscope, so the research of analog to digital conversion circuit for gyroscope has become a research priority. Therefore, the conduct of Sigma Delta ADCs research for silicon gyro interface circuit has a very important significance and application prospects.This topic briefly introduces the working principle of Sigma Delta ADC. Based on the requirements of the modulator design, Sigma Delta modulator structures are carefully analyzed and also carried on the comparison and optimization. Hereby, a three order three bits quantization in single-loop with partial feedback of feed-forward summation system structure for modulator is designed in this paper, and then the ideal model of modulator system in Matlab is simulated. In addition, the focus of this topic is mainly on the nonlinear factors analysis and modeling, and the Data Weighted Average (DWA) technique used in multi-bit quantization is introduced as well as modeling in system level. Then, the non-ideal modeling of system is simulated in Matlab.In system level design, this paper adopts feed-forward summation and multi-bit quantization structure to reduce the output of the integrator, increase the noise performance of the modulator, and make it easier for the system stability. Furthermore, the use of partial feedback in the structure for zero-point optimization improves the noise shaping ability in signal bandwidth of modulator. This topic employs the single-loop third-order three-bit quantization structure, with the sampling rate 64, signal bandwidth 200 K Hz and the sampling clock frequency 25.6 MHz. For the ideal modeling, the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is 125dB, and the Effective Number of Bits (ENOB) is 20.48. When in consideration of modulator’s nonlinear factors, the nonlinear systems Simulink simulation results obtained SNR of 104dB, and the ENOB is 16.98.In order to reduce the harmonic distortion of the modulator, transistor level is implemented by fully-differential switch capacitor circuit. The structure at all levels of the integrator was optimized. To reduce the influence of flicker noise, the integrator adopts Correlated Double Sampling (CDS) technology, and is improved by the partial feedback circuit. The fully-differential operational amplifier with high slew-rate and high bandwidth is designed, and uses switch capacitor circuit as common-mode feedback. Dynamic comparator and multi-bit quantizer are designed to improve the speed of the quantizer and reduce power consumption. The design the nonlinear compensation feedback DAC module--DWA module circuit--realizes noise shaping of capacitance matching error. The overall circuit was simulated in Cadence by 0.6um process. Transistor-level simulation result shows that the SNR is 101.3dB, and the effective number of bits is 16.54bits. The simulation results are consistent with the established non-ideal model of modulator, which verifies the correction of system level design method.
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VERNIK, IGOR V. "ULTRASENSITIVE WIDEBAND INTEGRATED SPECTROMETER FOR CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL AGENT DETECTION." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 18, no. 01 (March 2008): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156408005163.
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A novel concept of a compact mm/submm integrated spectrometers for environmental monitoring for hazardous materials of chemical and biological origin as well as for remote monitoring of the Earth atmosphere is discussed. The agents will be exactly identified by their unique spectral signatures. The assembled on a multi-chip module, cryocooler-mounted Superconducting Integrated SPectromer (SISP) exploits the superior performance of superconducting Josephson junction technology and unique on-chip integration of analog components, analog-to-digital converter, and digital components. Analog components include a superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixer with integrated quasioptical antenna, mm-wave local oscillator, and SQUID amplifier for the down-converted (IF) signals. Upon amplification, the IF signal is digitized using a bandpass delta-sigma modulator, followed by real time processing with rapid single flux quantum (RSFQ) circuitry. Experimental results showing both operation of spectrometer components and the way to their successful integration are presented.
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Tian, Sirui, Yiyu Lin, Wenyun Gao, Hong Zhang, and Chao Wang. "A Multi-Scale U-Shaped Convolution Auto-Encoder Based on Pyramid Pooling Module for Object Recognition in Synthetic Aperture Radar Images." Sensors 20, no. 5 (March 10, 2020): 1533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20051533.
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Although unsupervised representation learning (RL) can tackle the performance deterioration caused by limited labeled data in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) object classification, the neglected discriminative detailed information and the ignored distinctive characteristics of SAR images can lead to performance degradation. In this paper, an unsupervised multi-scale convolution auto-encoder (MSCAE) was proposed which can simultaneously obtain the global features and local characteristics of targets with its U-shaped architecture and pyramid pooling modules (PPMs). The compact depth-wise separable convolution and the deconvolution counterpart were devised to decrease the trainable parameters. The PPM and the multi-scale feature learning scheme were designed to learn multi-scale features. Prior knowledge of SAR speckle was also embedded in the model. The reconstruction loss of the MSCAE was measured by the structural similarity index metric (SSIM) of the reconstructed data and the images filtered by the improved Lee sigma filter. A speckle suppression restriction was also added in the objective function to guarantee that the speckle suppression procedure would take place in the feature learning stage. Experimental results with the MSTAR dataset under the standard operating condition and several extended operating conditions demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed model in SAR object classification tasks.
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Camara, M., G. Jenkins, and A. Konare. "Impacts of dust on West African climate during 2005 and 2006." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 2 (February 5, 2010): 3053–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-3053-2010.
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Abstract. The aim of this study is to understand the impacts of Saharan dust outbreaks on West African climate using a 3-dimensional, hydrostatic, sigma vertical coordinate regional climate model (RegCM). We performed a simulation with the non aerosol version of the model (control case) followed by another simulation using the desert dust module (dust case) implemented in RegCM which includes emission, transport, gravitational settling, wet and dry removal and calculation of dust optical properties for 2005 and 2006. Dynamic and thermodynamic parameters obtained from both versions of the model are intercompared and validated with NCEP/NCAR reanalysis, African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) program data and the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) rainfall products. The spatial and temporal distribution of the Aerosol optical depth derived from the desert dust run is compared to available observed aerosol data such as the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) program and satellites data. Using radiosounding data and RegCM outputs, a case study of a strong dust outbreak showed the presence of a stable environment at Dakar, Sal and Nouadhibou stations.
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Fazeli, H., F. Samadzadegan, and F. Dadrasjavan. "EVALUATING THE POTENTIAL OF RTK-UAV FOR AUTOMATIC POINT CLOUD GENERATION IN 3D RAPID MAPPING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (June 17, 2016): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b6-221-2016.
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During disaster and emergency situations, 3D geospatial data can provide essential information for decision support systems. The utilization of geospatial data using digital surface models as a basic reference is mandatory to provide accurate quick emergency response in so called rapid mapping activities. The recipe between accuracy requirements and time restriction is considered critical in this situations. UAVs as alternative platforms for 3D point cloud acquisition offer potentials because of their flexibility and practicability combined with low cost implementations. Moreover, the high resolution data collected from UAV platforms have the capabilities to provide a quick overview of the disaster area. The target of this paper is to experiment and to evaluate a low-cost system for generation of point clouds using imagery collected from a low altitude small autonomous UAV equipped with customized single frequency RTK module. The customized multi-rotor platform is used in this study. Moreover, electronic hardware is used to simplify user interaction with the UAV as RTK-GPS/Camera synchronization, and beside the synchronization, lever arm calibration is done. The platform is equipped with a Sony NEX-5N, 16.1-megapixel camera as imaging sensor. The lens attached to camera is ZEISS optics, prime lens with F1.8 maximum aperture and 24 mm focal length to deliver outstanding images. All necessary calibrations are performed and flight is implemented over the area of interest at flight height of 120 m above the ground level resulted in 2.38 cm GSD. Earlier to image acquisition, 12 signalized GCPs and 20 check points were distributed in the study area and measured with dualfrequency GPS via RTK technique with horizontal accuracy of <i>σ</i> = 1.5 <i>cm</i> and vertical accuracy of <i>σ</i> = 2.3 <i>cm</i>. results of direct georeferencing are compared to these points and experimental results show that decimeter accuracy level for 3D points cloud with proposed system is achievable, that is suitable for 3D rapid mapping applications.
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Wang, Guo Yong, Wen Li Wang, Xiao Hui Li, and Feng Zhu. "A Method of Generating High-Precision Offset Frequency Based on Quadrature Phase Shift." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.8.
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By Studying the Principle of Single Side-Band Mixing, a New Method Based on Quadrature Phase Shift for Generating High-<em></em>Precision Offset Frequency was Proposed. Different Solutions of Precision Quadrature Phase Shift were Designed for Different Frequencies, Including Combining Analog Quadrature Splitter and Wire Delay for 10MHz, Combining Digital Phase Shift Module Using CPLD, Digital Delay Line Chip and Wire Delay for 10kHz. According to the Design Goal, the Design Parameters and Requirements of Narrow-Band Low-Loss Filter were Analyzed. Finally, an Offset Frequency Generator Whose Output Frequency is 9.99999MHz was Developed and an Experiment System is Constructed to Test the Performance of the High-Precision Offset Frequency Generator. According to the Experiment Results, the Following Conclusion can be Drawn that the Allan Deviation of the 9.99999MHz Offset Frequency Generator is 4.03e-13 which is close to the Frequency Stability of 10MHz Signal of Hydrogen Maser MHM-2010 of Sigma Tau Corporation. the High-Precision Offset Frequency Generator can be Used as a Common Source in Dual Mixer Time Difference and as a Reference Signal in Beat Frequency Method.
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Gao, Zhenyi, Bin Zhou, Xiang Li, Lei Yang, Qi Wei, and Rong Zhang. "A Digital-Analog Hybrid System-on-Chip for Capacitive Sensor Measurement and Control." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020431.
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Sensors based on capacitance detection are common in the field of inertial measurement and have the potential for miniaturization and low power consumption. In order to control and process such sensors, a novel digital-analog hybrid system-on-chip (SoC) is designed and implemented. The system includes a capacitor to voltage (C/V) conversion circuit and a band-pass sigma-delta modulator (BPSDM) as the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The digital signal is processed by the dedicated circuit module based on the least mean square error demodulation (LMSD) algorithm on the chip. The low-power Cortex-M3 processor supports software implementation of control algorithms and circuit parameter configuration. The control signal is output through a digital BPSDM. The chip was taped out under SMIC 180 nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology and tested for performance. The result shows that the maximum operating frequency of the chip is 105 MHz. The total area is 77.43 mm2. When the system clock is set to 51.2 MHz, the static power consumption and dynamic power consumption of the digital system are 18 mW and 54 mW respectively.
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Gao, Zhenyi, Bin Zhou, Xiang Li, Lei Yang, Qi Wei, and Rong Zhang. "A Digital-Analog Hybrid System-on-Chip for Capacitive Sensor Measurement and Control." Sensors 21, no. 2 (January 9, 2021): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020431.
Full textAbstract:
Sensors based on capacitance detection are common in the field of inertial measurement and have the potential for miniaturization and low power consumption. In order to control and process such sensors, a novel digital-analog hybrid system-on-chip (SoC) is designed and implemented. The system includes a capacitor to voltage (C/V) conversion circuit and a band-pass sigma-delta modulator (BPSDM) as the analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The digital signal is processed by the dedicated circuit module based on the least mean square error demodulation (LMSD) algorithm on the chip. The low-power Cortex-M3 processor supports software implementation of control algorithms and circuit parameter configuration. The control signal is output through a digital BPSDM. The chip was taped out under SMIC 180 nm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology and tested for performance. The result shows that the maximum operating frequency of the chip is 105 MHz. The total area is 77.43 mm2. When the system clock is set to 51.2 MHz, the static power consumption and dynamic power consumption of the digital system are 18 mW and 54 mW respectively.
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Wei, Cong, Jianhan Wu, Rongshan Wei, and Minghua He. "High-Fidelity and High-Efficiency Digital Class-D Audio Power Amplifier." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2021 (April 13, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5533745.
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This study presents a high-fidelity and high-efficiency digital class-D audio power amplifier (CDA), which consists of digital and analog modules. To realize a compatible digital input, a fully digital audio digital-to-analog converter (DAC) is implemented on MATLAB and Xilinx System Generator, which consists of a 16x interpolation filter, a fourth-order four-bit quantized delta-sigma (ΔΣ) modulator, and a uniform-sampling pulse width modulator. The CDA utilizes the closed-loop negative feedback and loop-filtering technologies to minimize distortion. The audio DAC, which is based on a field-programmable gate array, consumes 0.128 W and uses 7100 LUTs, which achieves 11.2% of the resource utilization rate. The analog module is fabricated in a 0.18 µm BCD technology. The postlayout simulation results show that the CDA delivers an output power of 1 W with 93.3% efficiency to a 4 Ω speaker and achieves 0.0138% of the total harmonic distortion (THD) with a transient noise for a 1 kHz input sinusoidal test tone and 3.6 V supply. The output power reaches up to 2.73 W for 1% THD (with transient noise). The proposed amplifier occupies an active area of 1 mm2.
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Fazeli, H., F. Samadzadegan, and F. Dadrasjavan. "EVALUATING THE POTENTIAL OF RTK-UAV FOR AUTOMATIC POINT CLOUD GENERATION IN 3D RAPID MAPPING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B6 (June 17, 2016): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b6-221-2016.
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During disaster and emergency situations, 3D geospatial data can provide essential information for decision support systems. The utilization of geospatial data using digital surface models as a basic reference is mandatory to provide accurate quick emergency response in so called rapid mapping activities. The recipe between accuracy requirements and time restriction is considered critical in this situations. UAVs as alternative platforms for 3D point cloud acquisition offer potentials because of their flexibility and practicability combined with low cost implementations. Moreover, the high resolution data collected from UAV platforms have the capabilities to provide a quick overview of the disaster area. The target of this paper is to experiment and to evaluate a low-cost system for generation of point clouds using imagery collected from a low altitude small autonomous UAV equipped with customized single frequency RTK module. The customized multi-rotor platform is used in this study. Moreover, electronic hardware is used to simplify user interaction with the UAV as RTK-GPS/Camera synchronization, and beside the synchronization, lever arm calibration is done. The platform is equipped with a Sony NEX-5N, 16.1-megapixel camera as imaging sensor. The lens attached to camera is ZEISS optics, prime lens with F1.8 maximum aperture and 24 mm focal length to deliver outstanding images. All necessary calibrations are performed and flight is implemented over the area of interest at flight height of 120 m above the ground level resulted in 2.38 cm GSD. Earlier to image acquisition, 12 signalized GCPs and 20 check points were distributed in the study area and measured with dualfrequency GPS via RTK technique with horizontal accuracy of <i>σ</i> = 1.5 <i>cm</i> and vertical accuracy of <i>σ</i> = 2.3 <i>cm</i>. results of direct georeferencing are compared to these points and experimental results show that decimeter accuracy level for 3D points cloud with proposed system is achievable, that is suitable for 3D rapid mapping applications.
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Rudant, Jean-Paul, and Pierre-Louis Frison. "Télédétection radar : de l'image d'intensité initiale au choix du mode de calibration des coefficients de diffusion beta 0, sigma 0, gamma 0." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 219-220 (December 10, 2019): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2019.454.
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La période actuelle est caractérisée par une abondance de données radar libres d'accès dont l'utilisation estencouragée et facilitée par les agences spatiales, ces dernières mettant gratuitement à disposition des utilisateurs des logiciels de traitement et d'analyse d'images. Parallèlement, plusieurs sites académiques ou institutionnels proposent des ressources explicatives (cours, tutoriaux, logiciels) sur des sujets généraux ou ciblés destinés à faciliter l'usage des images dans la plupart des domaines d'application.Dans cet article, nous souhaitons aborder et détailler un point particulier, celui de la correction des images, au travers des divers prétraitements logiciels proposés lors d'une séquence de géo-référencement-calibration des images. Cette séquence, qui couple des aspects géométriques et radiométriques, a pour objectif d'établir la correspondance entre les valeurs numériques pixellaires de l'image et les mesures physiques de coefficients de rétrodiffusion destinés à caractériser des états de surface. Cette calibration est, en particulier, indispensable pour pratiquer l'inversion de modèles physiques ainsi que la fusion d'informations issues de données multi-capteurs et/ou multi-temporelles. Après avoir présenté les aspects généraux touchant à la puissance mesurée au niveau du capteur et les divers facteurs influençant cette mesure, nous nous focaliserons sur la pratique utilisateur, en discutant d'une part des différents choix de coefficients beta 0, sigma 0, gamma 0 offerts lors d'une calibration, et d'autre part de la prise en compte, ou non des effets de pente dans les corrections géométriques et radiométriques affectant l'image. Une attention particulière sera portée sur le coefficient gamma 0 dont les variations en fonction de l'incidence locale sont réputées très faibles dans le cas des forêts denses.
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Kalra, Sourav, Gaurav Joshi, Raj Kumar, and Anjana Munshi. "Role of 2-Dimensional Autocorrelation Descriptors in Predicting Antimalarial Activity of Artemisinin and its Aanalogues: A QSAR Study." Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 18, no. 31 (February 22, 2019): 2720–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026619666190119143838.
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Background: Malaria, one of the World’s biggest billers’ is on the schedule for biomedical research and public health policies. The introduction of the artemisinin, a Chinese traditional drug from Artemisia annua is a revolution in the treatment of malaria. Artemisinin-based combination treatment (ACT) is considered to be the best strategy for uncomplicated Falciparum malaria. The presence of 1,2,4-trioxane system in artemisinin is responsible for its antimalarial activity. Methods: In this study, twenty-nine analogues of artemisinin were taken into account for QSAR studies along with artemisinin. The most active analogue of artemisinin 21 was energy minimized. All the structures were prepared from the active conformer 21 and energy was minimized to the stable state using MMFF94 force field using ChemBioDraw-12. Genetic Algorithm is used to decide the descriptors best required for the model generation. The test set and training set division were done by using hierarchal clustering module available with NCSS statistical software. Results and Conclusion: The antimalarial activity of the artemisinin and its substituted analogues has been analyzed through the multiple linear regression (MLR) using various physiochemical and structural descriptors obtained from PADEL software. The models were prepared using the Sigma Plot version 11. The calculated 2D autocorrelation descriptors and the MLR model suggest that artemisinin and its analogues hold the scope in the optimization of antimalarial activity.
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Perivoliotis, L., G. Krokos, K. Nittis, and G. Korres. "The Aegean sea marine security decision support system." Ocean Science 7, no. 5 (October 24, 2011): 671–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-7-671-2011.
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Abstract. As part of the integrated ECOOP (European Coastal Sea Operational observing and Forecasting System) project, HCMR upgraded the already existing standalone Oil Spill Forecasting System for the Aegean Sea, initially developed for the Greek Operational Oceanography System (POSEIDON), into an active element of the European Decision Support System (EuroDeSS). The system is accessible through a user friendly web interface where the case scenarios can be fed into the oil spill drift model component, while the synthetic output contains detailed information about the distribution of oil spill particles and the oil spill budget and it is provided both in text based ECOOP common output format and as a series of sequential graphics. The main development steps that were necessary for this transition were the modification of the forcing input data module in order to allow the import of other system products which are usually provided in standard formats such as NetCDF and the transformation of the model's calculation routines to allow use of current, density and diffusivities data in z instead of sigma coordinates. During the implementation of the Aegean DeSS, the system was used in operational mode in order to support the Greek marine authorities in handling a real accident that took place in North Aegean area. Furthermore, the introduction of common input and output files by all the partners of EuroDeSS extended the system's interoperability thus facilitating data exchanges and comparison experiments.
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Perivoliotis, L., G. Krokos, K. Nittis, and G. Korres. "The Aegean Sea marine security decision support system." Ocean Science Discussions 8, no. 3 (May 4, 2011): 1025–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-8-1025-2011.
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Abstract. As part of the integrated ECOOP (European Coastal Sea Operational observing and Forecasting System) project, HCMR upgraded the already existing standalone Oil Spill Forecasting System for the Aegean Sea, initially developed for the Greek Operational Oceanography System (POSEIDON), into an active element of the European Decision Support System (EuroDeSS). The system is accessible through a user friendly web interface where the case scenarios can be fed into the oil spill drift model component, while the synthetic output contains detailed information about the distribution of oil spill particles and the oil spill budget and it is provided both in text based ECOOP common output format and as a series of sequential graphics. The main development steps that were necessary for this transition were the modification of the forcing input data module in order to allow the import of other system products which are usually provided in standard formats such as NetCDF and the transformation of the model's calculation routines to allow use of current, density and diffusivities data in z instead of sigma coordinates. During the implementation of the Aegean DeSS, the system was used in operational mode in order support the Greek marine authorities in handling a real accident that took place in North Aegean area. Furthermore, the introduction of common input and output files by all the partners of EuroDeSS extended the system's interoperability thus facilitating data exchanges and comparison experiments.
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Poirier, Alanna M., Paul Nachowicz, and Subhasis Misra. "The role of electronic records in reporting adverse drug reactions." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 34_suppl (December 1, 2012): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.34_suppl.309.
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309 Background: The Pharmacy and Therapeutics committee at a regional cancer center is responsible to report and trend existing adverse drug reactions. The electronic health record did not have an option to document the history of an event or have an alert function if a medication was re-ordered. The frequency of documented adverse drug reactions did not correlate to what was being observed on the units with the use of a paper document. Methods: InAugust 2010 a Lean Six Sigma project was initiated to improve adverse drug reaction reporting. An adverse drug reaction document along with standard work instructions was completed by March 2011. A report was built in the electronic health record and a computer based learning module was created and rolled out to clinical staff by October 2011. Results: The turn-around time in days to document an adverse drug reaction in the patients chart decreased from 6.8 days to 0.7 days. The documented adverse drug reactions increased by 37%; verified by the use of supportive medications. Conclusions: The root cause for under-reporting was attributed to lack of knowledge, process, and automation. The history of an adverse drug reaction can now be viewed and an automatic alert is produced requiring physician acknowledgement decreasing the chance of repeated discomfort or harm to the patient. Adverse drug reaction documentation can be retrieved within 24 hours, analyzed, trended, and used for educational purposes to improve patient safety. [Table: see text]
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Bouatia, Mohammed, Rafik Demagh, and Zohra Derriche. "Structural Behavior of Pipelines Buried in Expansive Soils under Rainfall Infiltration (Part I: Transverse Behavior)." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 1822–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091585.
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Landslides, fault movements as well as shrink/swell soil displacements can exert important additional loadings on soil buried structures such as pipelines. These loadings may damage the buried structures whenever they reach the strength limits of the structure material. This paper presents a two-dimensional plane-strain finite element analysis of an 800 mm diameter water supply pipeline buried within the expansive clay of the Ain-Tine area (Mila, Algeria), considering the unsaturated behavior of the soil under a rainfall infiltration of 4 mm/day intensity and which lasts for different time durations (8, 15 and 30 days). The simulations were carried out using the commercial software module SIGMA/W and considering different initial soil suction conditions P1, P2, P3 and P4. The soil surface heave and the radial induced forces on the pipeline ring (i.e., Axial , Shear forces and bending moments ) results indicated that following the changes of suction the rainfall infiltration can cause considerable additional loads on the buried pipeline. Moreover, these loads are proportionally related to the initial soil suction conditions as well as to the rainfall infiltration time duration. The study highlighted that the unsaturated behavior of expansive soils because of their volume instability are very sensitive to climatic conditions and can exert adverse effects on pipelines buried within such soils. As a result, consistent pipeline design should seriously consider the study of the effect of the climatic conditions on the overall stability of the pipeline structure.
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Marosz, Michał. "Variability of geostrophic airflow over Poland, 1951-2014." Bulletin of Geography. Physical Geography Series 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bgeo-2016-0001.
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Abstract The paper presents the analysis of the anemological conditions variability over Poland with the usage of geostrophic wind vector as an objective (and homogenous) information concerning the airflow over the area of research. The geostrophic wind vector components are calculated using SLP and air temperature (at sigma 995 level) at selected gridpoints which were subsequently interpolated to a central point thus describing the average flow over the research area. The data originated from NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis and its temporal range was 1951-2014. The analysis covers statistical characteristics of the overall annual cycle as well as trend analysis of the airflow features over Poland: geostrophic wind vector module (V), and its zonal (u) and meridional (v) components. Aside from general statistical characteristics for averages and extremes (quantiles 10% and 90%) GEV distribution was fitted to maximum annual/monthly geostrophic wind speed values which allowed the estimation of return levels for selected return periods. For the period 1951-2014 average geostrophic wind velocity over Poland equals 7.4 ms−1 and the 99% quantile exceeds 21 ms−1. Maximum speed ever recorded equalled 37.6 ms−1. Geostrophic wind vector module (V) and its components (u, v) exhibit clear annual cycle with the highest V values in winter. Positive (westerly) u values dominate in the colder part of the year. In spring the dominance of eastern advection appears and in summer the prevalence of westerly flow is only minimal. There exists a distinctive variability of decadal directional structure and this is clearly visible in the substantial increase in the share of western sector frequencies in 1981-1990 and following decade. Monthly V averages do not exhibit (except October) statistically significant trends whereas in spring and summer months as well as for annual averages of u component trend is significant. There are virtually no significant changes in the v values. GEV analysis allowed the year to be divided into two parts. Warm one with relatively low return levels – for many months not exceeding 20 ms−1 even for 50y return period. On the other hand winter months return level values exceed 30 ms−1 even for relatively short return periods (20y) with upper estimates for 100y return period closing to 40 ms−1.
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Asinas, J. M. "Applying The Best Practice For Internal Quality Control (IQC) Management, Consolidation And Review Process In Sidra Medicine Clinical Chemistry Division." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 154, Supplement_1 (October 2020): S91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.199.
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Abstract Introduction/Objective The management of internal quality control (IQC) in Sidra Medicine Clinical Chemistry Division has been evaluated in order to promote a more consolidated and efficient process of IQC management. The statistical data produced from Cerner QC Module are transferred to IQC review templates consisting of formulas to auto- calculate parameters such as multiple of expected QC failure frequency and desirable comparison limit between analyzers. The IQC review and documentation process using the in-house excel template requires several hours to complete, hence a faster and more efficient IQC management module is required. The main objective of this study is to improve the initial IQC management set up, work flow and review procedures and to implement Biorad Unity Real Time (URT) program to develop a more efficient IQC management system. Methods The URT software has been recently configured and implemented to consolidate and streamline IQC management. URT is built through Sidra Medicine IT Enterprise level which allows multiple users to login. IQC data are downloaded using scripts from Cerner which are filtered through Biorad Unity Connect (UC) software. Additional quality tools are also explored such as various user defined statistical reports, IQC analysis using peer reviewed total allowable error (TeA) and assignment of the most appropriate Westgard rules. Determination of sigma metrics and uncertainty of measurement is also performed using the URT application. Results The generation of any IQC report is less cumbersome and time consuming as compared with the previous process. However, some user defined formulas in the IQC templates are not found on the URT reports. The URT Levey Jennings chart are also more user friendly and directly compares the daily IQC data with Unity inter-laboratory peers enabling the production of instant and monthly reports through QCNet site when assay investigation is required and for IQC report documentation. Conclusion The combination of Cerner IQC, Unity Real-time, QCNet Inter-laboratory reports and in house IQC templates produce a high level and very detailed IQC review which effectively evaluate assay performance to assist on IQC troubleshooting and root cause analysis to be able to apply the most appropriate corrective actions.
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Froger, Nicolas. "Potentialités thérapeutiques des neurostéroïdes en psychiatrie." Biologie Aujourd’hui 213, no. 3-4 (2019): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2019023.
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Les neurostéroïdes constituent une famille de molécules synthétisées par le cerveau, représentée par les hormones stéroïdes elles-mêmes, mais également par certains de leurs précurseurs et métabolites. Ils ont des propriétés neuroactives en stimulant des voies de signalisation non génomiques, spécifiques des neurones. Trois types de neurostéroïdes ont été identifiés selon les voies qu’ils activent, à savoir (i) les neurostéroïdes inhibiteurs, (ii) les neurostéroïdes excitateurs et (iii) les neurostéroïdes microtubulaires. Les neurostéroïdes inhibiteurs activent les récepteurs ionotropiques GABA-A, tandis que les neurostéroïdes excitateurs inhibent les courants GABAergiques et stimulent la neurotransmission glutamatergique (soit directement en activant les récepteurs NMDA, soit indirectement via la stimulation des récepteurs sigma-1). Enfin, les neurostéroïdes microtubulaires sont capables de se lier aux protéines associées aux microtubules, comme MAP2, pour favoriser la croissance des microtubules, et in fine la plasticité neuronale. En regard de leurs actions pharmacologiques, certains neurostéroïdes ont fait l’objet d’études cliniques pour le traitement de maladies psychiatriques. C’est le cas de l’alloprégnanolone, le principal neurostéroïde inhibiteur, qui a montré une efficacité dans le traitement de la dépression du post-partum et de l’anxiété. Contrairement à leurs dérivés sulfatés qui n’ont jamais été testés en clinique, la DHEA (déhydroépiandrostérone) et la prégnénolone ont montré des effets antidépresseurs et antipsychotiques. Cependant, la surproduction éventuelle d’hormones provoquée par leur métabolisation a conduit à développer des dérivés de synthèse non métabolisables. C’est le cas du composé MAP4343, un dérivé de la prégnénolone, qui a montré des effets de type antidépresseur dans différents modèles animaux. Il fait actuellement l’objet d’un développement clinique pour le traitement de la dépression.
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Khan, Zahoor Ali, Muhammad Adil, Nadeem Javaid, Malik Najmus Saqib, Muhammad Shafiq, and Jin-Ghoo Choi. "Electricity Theft Detection Using Supervised Learning Techniques on Smart Meter Data." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (September 28, 2020): 8023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198023.
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Due to the increase in the number of electricity thieves, the electric utilities are facing problems in providing electricity to their consumers in an efficient way. An accurate Electricity Theft Detection (ETD) is quite challenging due to the inaccurate classification on the imbalance electricity consumption data, the overfitting issues and the High False Positive Rate (FPR) of the existing techniques. Therefore, intensified research is needed to accurately detect the electricity thieves and to recover a huge revenue loss for utility companies. To address the above limitations, this paper presents a new model, which is based on the supervised machine learning techniques and real electricity consumption data. Initially, the electricity data are pre-processed using interpolation, three sigma rule and normalization methods. Since the distribution of labels in the electricity consumption data is imbalanced, an Adasyn algorithm is utilized to address this class imbalance problem. It is used to achieve two objectives. Firstly, it intelligently increases the minority class samples in the data. Secondly, it prevents the model from being biased towards the majority class samples. Afterwards, the balanced data are fed into a Visual Geometry Group (VGG-16) module to detect abnormal patterns in electricity consumption. Finally, a Firefly Algorithm based Extreme Gradient Boosting (FA-XGBoost) technique is exploited for classification. The simulations are conducted to show the performance of our proposed model. Moreover, the state-of-the-art methods are also implemented for comparative analysis, i.e., Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolution Neural Network (CNN), and Logistic Regression (LR). For validation, precision, recall, F1-score, Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), Receiving Operating Characteristics Area Under Curve (ROC-AUC), and Precision Recall Area Under Curve (PR-AUC) metrics are used. Firstly, the simulation results show that the proposed Adasyn method has improved the performance of FA-XGboost classifier, which has achieved F1-score, precision, and recall of 93.7%, 92.6%, and 97%, respectively. Secondly, the VGG-16 module achieved a higher generalized performance by securing accuracy of 87.2% and 83.5% on training and testing data, respectively. Thirdly, the proposed FA-XGBoost has correctly identified actual electricity thieves, i.e., recall of 97%. Moreover, our model is superior to the other state-of-the-art models in terms of handling the large time series data and accurate classification. These models can be efficiently applied by the utility companies using the real electricity consumption data to identify the electricity thieves and overcome the major revenue losses in power sector.
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Prazukin, A. V., Yu K. Firsov, R. I. Li, and V. V. Kholodov. "Biofouling formation in the artificial reef structured space." Marine Biological Journal 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21072/mbj.2017.02.3.03.
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The paper focuses on the possibility of using artificial reef structures (ARS) to control biofouling and focuses on the spatial organization of vegetative canopies formed in the ARS, which is relevant for solving the problems of cultivation of hydrobionts on solid substrates. ARS is a kind of stockade made up of cylindrical vertical structures (di = 0.33 cm, li = 20 cm) that are placed on a horizontal plate (So = a1 · a = 900 cm2). The stockade covers space (Vg = 0.018 m3) partly occupied by vertical structures (ΣVi = Vi · n, where n is the total number of axial structures on the module horizontal surface), while the rest of it remains free (Vf = Vg – ∑Vi). Three possible densities were considered for the arrangement of the said vertical structures (n/So), and namely: 544, 3956 and 10 678 pieces per m2, while the concentration of their surface area within the ARS (Cs = (∑Si) / Vg ) was set as 0.056, 0.295 and 1.106 per cm. For 43 days (from May 27 to July 9 2014), the ARSs were kept in the offshore strip of the Sevastopol Bay (Black Sea) at the depth of 2 m. The water temperature in the sea ranged from 23.3 to 25.6 °C. Samples were taken every 6–8 days. In the composition of the biofouling, diatom algae were found to be predominating in the mass, while also present were sprouts of multicellular algae and, of animals, hydroids, bryozoans, spirogbis, and larvae of balanuses were also observed. On the 7th day of exposure, 51 species of diatom algae were found on the surface of the ARS with a loose (544 pieces per cm2) and dense (10 678 pieces per cm2) structures arrangement, with only 15 species making a significant (> 5 %) contribution to the total number (ni, %) and biomass (Wi, %) of the community in certain sections of vertical structures (Achnanthes longipes, Amphora hyalina, Berkeleya rutilans, Cylindrotheca closterium, Entomoneis paludosa, Haslea ostrearia, Licmophora abbreviata, L. hastata, Neosynedra provincialis, Nitzschia sigma, N. tenuirostris, Parlibellus delognei, Pleurosigma elongatum, Proboscidea insecta, Trachyneis aspera). The values of the Sorensen – Chekanovskii (Ksc = 0.7) and Stugren – Radulescu (Psr = -0.077) coefficients indicate a very close similarity between the systematic composition of the communities being compared. As the fouling density value changes in vertical structures (W/Si) during the period under consideration, four characteristic stages can be distinguished. The first, by convention, is completed on the 7th day of observation, and an approximately equal fouling density (0.51–0.91 mg (dry weight) per cm2) is found to have been created by this time on the tops of the structures, regardless of the density of their structures, and it differs significantly (0.03–0.57 mg (dry weight) per cm2) in the middle part of the ARS. The second stage (7t–21st days) is characterized by low rates of biomass increase per unit of the surface colonized (0.003–0.08, 0.25, -0.17 mg (dry weight) · day-1 · cm-2) and by relatively low values W/Si (0.36–2.23 mg (dry weight) per cm2). The third stage is characterized by a rapid increase in the fouling density (0.30–0.75 mg (dry weight) · day-1 · cm-2). The maximum W/Si (3.09–9.07 mg (dry weight) per cm2) is reached on the 29th and 36th days of exposure. The fourth, final stage is characterized by a decrease in W/Si, this being the period of partial “disintegration” of the previously formed fouling community. The paper analyzes in detail the vertical distribution of the dry biofouling biomass (W/Si) along the axial structures with different density of their arrangement on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 29th, 36th and 43rd days of the experiment. The general picture of the vertical distribution of W/Si on the 29th and 43rd days was found to be similar. With the increase in the density of vertical structures arrangement, the maximum fouling biomass shifts towards the upper boundary of the ARS. In loosely arranged structures, the maximum biomass is located in the middle part of the canopy, while in not so densely arranged structures (3956 pieces per cm2), the bulk of the biomass (83.5–73.8 %) is concentrated in the upper half of the canopy, while in densely arranged structures, in the upper 2-cm layer (63.9–79.3 %). The paper also considers the relationship between the biofouling dry mass concentration throughout the inhabited space (Cw = (∑Wi) / Vf ) and the concentration of the ARS physical surface with respect to the upper ARS (1) layer and the entire volume of the reef structure (2) in 20-cm high structures on the 29th day of the experiment ((1): Cw = -0.232 + 7.136Cs, R2 = 0.99; (2): Cw = 0.084 + 2.652Cs, R2 = 0.93). It shows that in 20-cm vertical structures an increase in the value of Cs is accompanied by the increased screening effect produced by both structure elements and biofouling – a process which leads to the growth of biofouling agents being partially checked by the insufficient inflow of light and biogenic elements and, accordingly, to a “shortage” of biomass in the given volume of the structure space.
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Geck, Meinolf. "James' Submodule Theorem and the Steinberg Module." Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications, December 5, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3842/sigma.2017.091.
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Carnahan, Scott. "A Self-Dual Integral Form of the Moonshine Module." Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications, April 19, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3842/sigma.2019.030.
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Natale, Sonia. "On the Equivalence of Module Categories over a Group-Theoretical Fusion Category." Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications, June 17, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3842/sigma.2017.042.
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Post, Sarah, and Paul Terwilliger. "An Infinite-Dimensional q-Module Obtained from the q-Shuffle Algebra for Affine sl2." Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications, May 4, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3842/sigma.2020.037.
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Bochniak, Arkadiusz, Andrzej Sitarz, and Pawel Zalecki. "Riemannian Geometry of a Discretized Circle and Torus." Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications, December 23, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3842/sigma.2020.143.
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We extend the results of Riemannian geometry over finite groups and provide a full classification of all linear connections for the minimal noncommutative differential calculus over a finite cyclic group. We solve the torsion-free and metric compatibility condition in general and show that there are several classes of solutions, out of which only special ones are compatible with a metric that gives a Hilbert C∗-module structure on the space of the one-forms. We compute curvature and scalar curvature for these metrics and find their continuous limits.
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Pawlowski, Brendan. "Cohomology Classes of Interval Positroid Varieties and a Conjecture of Liu." Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 25, no. 4 (October 5, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.37236/6960.
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To each finite subset of $\mathbb{Z}^2$ (a diagram), one can associate a subvariety of a complex Grassmannian (a diagram variety), and a representation of a symmetric group (a Specht module). Liu has conjectured that the cohomology class of a diagram variety is represented by the Frobenius characteristic of the corresponding Specht module. We give a counterexample to this conjecture.However, we show that for the diagram variety of a permutation diagram, Liu's conjectured cohomology class $\sigma$ is at least an upper bound on the actual class $\tau$, in the sense that $\sigma - \tau$ is a nonnegative linear combination of Schubert classes. To do this, we exhibit the appropriate diagram variety as a component in a degeneration of one of Knutson's interval positroid varieties (up to Grassmann duality). A priori, the cohomology classes of these interval positroid varieties are represented by affine Stanley symmetric functions. We give a different formula for these classes as ordinary Stanley symmetric functions, one with the advantage of being Schur-positive and compatible with inclusions between Grassmannians.
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Pavlov, M. I., and A. M. Chukharev. "Improvement of the SIGMA-1 Measuring Complex for Studies of Langmuir Circulations and Surface Wave Breaking in the Black Sea." Ekologicheskaya bezopasnost' pribrezhnoy i shel'fovoy zon morya, no. 1 (February 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.22449/2413-5577-2021-1-129-148.
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The purpose of this article is to describe modernization of SIGMA-1 measuring complex. The modernization was performed to improve the quality of research of the wave breaking mechanisms and Langmuir circulations at the stationary oceanographic platform MHI. The article deals with the effects of natural oscillations of the device and changes in the housing position on the measured components of the flow velocity vector. The device natural oscillations are recorded by a position monitoring system consisting of a set of sensors: accelerometers and a magnetometer. A model study of permissible rotations and maximum tilt angles showed that in the absence of an angular velocity sensor, the uncorrected measured components of the flow velocity vector can differ significantly from the actual ones. To solve this problem, MPU-9250 module with an accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer was chosen; Arduino Nano was used as a microcontroller system. Based on the theory of calculating spatial angles, a program for correcting the measured components of velocity pulsations for the new module was developed in Arduino IDE programming environment. The optimal program (Magneto) for calibrating the magnetometer was selected as the most accurate and satisfying the conditions of use at the oceanographic platform. The main stages of sensor calibration are described. The flow velocity components measured in the device coordinate system are adjusted for the values of tilt angles, angular and linear velocities, the calculation is performed using the eddy correlation method. The developed system has been tested on specialized equipment in laboratory setting and has the following characteristics: within the range –30…+30° the maximum pitch error is 0.31°; the maximum roll error is 0.42°; the maximum magnetometer error is 2.09°. The achieved characteristics allow significant increase in the accuracy of measuring the velocity vector and reliability estimate of influence of various physical processes on the vertical exchange.
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Pawlowski, Brendan. "Cohomology classes of rank varieties and a counterexample to a conjecture of Liu." Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science DMTCS Proceedings, 27th..., Proceedings (January 1, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.46298/dmtcs.2462.
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International audience To each finite subset of a discrete grid $\mathbb{N}×\mathbb{N}$ (a diagram), one can associate a subvariety of a complex Grassmannian (a diagram variety), and a representation of a symmetric group (a Specht module). Liu has conjectured that the cohomology class of a diagram variety is represented by the Frobenius characteristic of the corresponding Specht module. We give a counterexample to this conjecture.However, we show that for the diagram variety of a permutation diagram, Liu's conjectured cohomology class $\sigma$ is at least an upper bound on the actual class $\tau$, in the sense that $\sigma - \tau$ is a nonnegative linear combination of Schubert classes. To do this, we consider a degeneration of Coskun's rank varieties which contains the appropriate diagram variety as a component. Rank varieties are instances of Knutson-Lam-Speyer's positroid varieties, whose cohomology classes are represented by affine Stanley symmetric functions. We show that the cohomology class of a rank variety is in fact represented by an ordinary Stanley symmetric function. A chaque sous-ensemble fini de $\mathbb{N}×\mathbb{N}$ (un diagramme), on peut associer une sous-variété d’une grassmannienne complexe et une représentation d’un groupe symétrique (un module de Specht). Liu a conjecturé que la classe de cohomologie de la variété d’un diagramme est représentée par la caractéristique de Frobenius du module de Specht correspondant. Nous donnons un contre-exemple à cette conjecture.Cependant, nous montrons que dans le cas de la variété du diagramme de permutation, la classe de cohomologie conjecturée par Liu est au moins un majorant de la classe juste $\tau$ , c’est-à-dire que $\sigma - \tau$ est une combinaison linéaire non-négative des classes de Schubert. Pour ce faire, nous considérons une dégénérescence des variétés de rang de Coskun qui contient la variété appropriée d’un diagramme comme une composante irréductible. Les variétés de rang sont des exemples de variétés de positroïde, dont les classes de cohomologie sont représentées par des fonctions symétriques de Stanley affines. En effet, nous montrons que la classe de cohomologie d’une variété de rang est représentée par une fonction symétrique de Stanley ordinaire.
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Abe, K., N. Akhlaq, R. Akutsu, A. Ali, C. Alt, C. Andreopoulos, L. Anthony, et al. "Measurements of $\overline{\nu}_{\mu}$ and $\overline{\nu}_{\mu} + \nu_{\mu}$ charged-current cross-sections without detected pions or protons on water and hydrocarbon at a mean anti-neutrino energy of 0.86 GeV." Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics 2021, no. 4 (March 2, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptep/ptab014.
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Abstract We report measurements of the flux-integrated $\overline{\nu}_\mu$ and $\overline{\nu}_\mu+\nu_\mu$ charged-current cross-sections on water and hydrocarbon targets using the T2K anti-neutrino beam with a mean beam energy of 0.86 GeV. The signal is defined as the (anti-)neutrino charged-current interaction with one induced $\mu^\pm$ and no detected charged pion or proton. These measurements are performed using a new WAGASCI module recently added to the T2K setup in combination with the INGRID Proton Module. The phase space of muons is restricted to the high-detection efficiency region, $p_{\mu}>400~{\rm MeV}/c$ and $\theta_{\mu}<30^{\circ}$, in the laboratory frame. An absence of pions and protons in the detectable phase spaces of $p_{\pi}>200~{\rm MeV}/c$, $\theta_{\pi}<70^{\circ}$ and $p_{\rm p}>600~{\rm MeV}/c$, $\theta_{\rm p}<70^{\circ}$ is required. In this paper, both the $\overline{\nu}_\mu$ cross-sections and $\overline{\nu}_\mu+\nu_\mu$ cross-sections on water and hydrocarbon targets and their ratios are provided by using the D’Agostini unfolding method. The results of the integrated $\overline{\nu}_\mu$ cross-section measurements over this phase space are $\sigma_{\rm H_{2}O}=(1.082\pm0.068(\rm stat.)^{+0.145}_{-0.128}(\rm syst.)) \times 10^{-39}\,{\rm cm^{2} / nucleon}$, $\sigma_{\rm CH}=(1.096\pm0.054(\rm stat.)^{+0.132}_{-0.117}(\rm syst.)) \times 10^{-39}\,{\rm cm^{2} / nucleon}$, and $\sigma_{\rm H_{2}O}/\sigma_{\rm CH} = 0.987\pm0.078(\rm stat.)^{+0.093}_{-0.090}(\rm syst.)$. The $\overline{\nu}_\mu+\nu_\mu$ cross-section is $\sigma_{\rm H_{2}O} = (1.155\pm0.064(\rm stat.)^{+0.148}_{-0.129}(\rm syst.)) \times 10^{-39}\,{\rm cm^{2} / nucleon}$, $\sigma_{\rm CH}=(1.159\pm0.049(\rm stat.)^{+0.129}_{-0.115}(\rm syst.)) \times 10^{-39}\,{\rm cm^{2} / nucleon}$, and $\sigma_{\rm H_{2}O}/\sigma_{\rm CH}=0.996\pm0.069(\rm stat.)^{+0.083}_{-0.078}(\rm syst.)$.
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Phung, Xuan Kien. "Shadowing for families of endomorphisms of generalized group shifts." Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2021, 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2021116.
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<p style='text-indent:20px;'>Let <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$ G $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> be a countable monoid and let <inline-formula><tex-math id="M2">\begin{document}$ A $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> be an Artinian group (resp. an Artinian module). Let <inline-formula><tex-math id="M3">\begin{document}$ \Sigma \subset A^G $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> be a closed subshift which is also a subgroup (resp. a submodule) of <inline-formula><tex-math id="M4">\begin{document}$ A^G $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>. Suppose that <inline-formula><tex-math id="M5">\begin{document}$ \Gamma $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> is a finitely generated monoid consisting of pairwise commuting cellular automata <inline-formula><tex-math id="M6">\begin{document}$ \Sigma \to \Sigma $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> that are also homomorphisms of groups (resp. homomorphisms of modules) with monoid binary operation given by composition of maps. We show that the natural action of <inline-formula><tex-math id="M7">\begin{document}$ \Gamma $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> on <inline-formula><tex-math id="M8">\begin{document}$ \Sigma $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> satisfies a natural intrinsic shadowing property. Generalizations are also established for families of endomorphisms of admissible group subshifts.</p>