Journal articles: 'Modele structure'

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Krupka, Aneta. "Modele myślenia teologicznego." Studia Teologii Dogmatycznej 6 (2020): 147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/std.2020.06.10.

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The article attempts to present the advantages of using models in theology in the context of contemporary methodological challenges. The use of renewed hermeneutics can help to reorganize theological thinking to avoid both treating the content of faith in a matter-of-fact manner and reducing it to personal experience. At the same time, fruits of this thinking can be presented in the form of theological models that are simplified representations of a more complex structure. They must not be overly reductive but as holistic, multifaceted, dynamic, and practical as possible. One of the important proposals is the nuptial model developed by Cardinal Angelo Scola. Using this model seems to be inspiring when applied to support, among other things, the correct understanding of sacramentology.

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Ebenga, J. P., M. Imbenotte, J. Pommery, J. P. Catteau, and F. Erb. "Structure et evolution d'un modele d'acide humique sous l'effet de l'ozonation." Water Research 20, no. 11 (November 1986): 1383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(86)90136-3.

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Wang, Hui, and Wei Tian. "Study and Application of ESD Generator Modele." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 2334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.2334.

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Phenomenon of electrostatic hazards is becoming increasingly prominent with wide application of microelectronic elements. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) is an extremely complex process, which is not only related to the materials, the object shape and the value of discharging circuit resistance, but also always involved in very complicated process of gas breakdown, so ESD is also a stochastic process which is difficult to repeat. According to the request of standard IEC61000-4-2, simulation circuit of the equivalent Human-Metal Model is established, discharging process is simulated and analyzed, and the influence laws of circuit parameters and distribution parameters for ESD current waveform are obtained. Thus the structure of discharging circuit and element parameters can be determined, test results can be verified to some extent, and the characteristics and influencing factors of ESD process can be known better. Simulation results show that waveform parameters are all within the range of standard errors, which proves that the design of model parameters is correct, the analysis of ESD process is reasonable.

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Szram, Mariusz. "Pełna natura ludzka Chrystusa w świetle Orygenesowskiej koncepcji człowieka." Vox Patrum 38 (December 31, 2000): 107–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.7233.

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Origene (185-253/4) fut le premier parmi les theologiens du debut de la chretiente gui entreprit de faire une synthese de l'enseignement sur la plenitude humaine de Jesus-Christ, sur la structure de sa nature humaine et de ses fonctions. C'etait un evenement dans le milieu alexandrin, attache plutut a la contemplation de la divinite du Christ et au modele de christologie venant d'en haut. En esquissant l'enseignement d'Origene sur la plenitude de la nature humaine de Jesus, unie etroitement avec sa nature divine, l'article fait relever le fondamental modele trichotomique d'anthropologie (esprit - ame - corps) qui, d'apres Origene, se rapporte a chaque homme, pour presenter sur ce fond la conception de la structure de l'humanite du Christ chez Origene.

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Field, R. D., C. Risi, G. A. Schmidt, J. Worden, A. Voulgarakis, A. N. LeGrande, A. H. Sobel, and R. J. Healy. "A Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer HDO/H2O retrieval simulator for climate models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no. 6 (June 5, 2012): 13827–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-13827-2012.

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Abstract. Retrievals of the isotopic composition of water vapor from the Aura Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) have unique value in constraining moist processes in climate models. Accurate comparison between simulated and retrieved values requires that model profiles that would be poorly retrieved are excluded, and that an instrument operator be applied to the remaining profiles. Typically, this is done by sampling model output at satellite measurement points and using the quality flags and averaging kernels from individual retrievals at specific places and times. This approach is not reliable when the modeled meteorological conditions influencing retrieval sensitivity are different from those observed by the instrument at short time scales, which will be the case for free-running climate simulations. In this study, we describe an alternative, "categorical" approach to applying the instrument operator, implemented within the NASA GISS ModelE general circulation model. Retrieval quality and averaging kernel structure are predicted empirically from model conditions, rather than obtained from collocated satellite observations. This approach can be used for arbitrary model configurations, and requires no agreement between satellite-retrieved and modeled meteorology at short time scales. To test this approach, nudged simulations were conducted using both the retrieval-based and categorical operators. Cloud cover, surface temperature and free-tropospheric moisture content were the most important predictors of retrieval quality and averaging kernel structure. There was good agreement between the δD fields after applying the retrieval-based and more detailed categorical operators, with increases of up to 30‰ over the ocean and decreases of up to 40‰ over land relative to the raw model fields. The categorical operator performed better over the ocean than over land, and requires further refinement for use outside of the tropics. After applying the TES operator, ModelE had δD biases of −8‰ over ocean and −34‰ over land compared to TES δD, which were less than the biases using raw modeled δD fields.

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Ergün, Ayşegül, and Mustafa Sarıkaya. "THE EFFECTS OF THE MODEL BASED ACTIVITIES ON OVERCOMING THE MISCONCEPTIONS REGARDING THE PARTICULATE NATURED STRUCTURE OF THE MATTER." e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy 9, no. 3 (July 7, 2014): 248–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/nwsa.2014.9.3.1c0617.

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Munoz, Aurelio, and Heinz Gornitzka. "Structure Cristalline D'un Hydroxyspirophosphorane Modele D'intermediaire de Reactions Impliquant Des Esters Cycliques de L'acide Phosphorique." Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements 178, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426500307775.

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8

Ehala, Martin. "Self-Organisation and Language Change." Diachronica 13, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.13.1.02eha.

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SUMMARY This paper introduces a model of language change based on the theory of self-organisation. It is argued that the structure of language is defined by speech as much as speech is determined by grammar and that the emergence of new grammatical options is a process of mutual interaction of these two sides of language. The main principle of this model of language change is that changes can happen only when the system's stability is lost. At this point, called bifurcation point, random fluctuations choose a new stable state. The stability of the system does not depend on fluctuations, but is a function of its control parameter. When this parameter reaches the critical point, one of the fluctuations starts to expand and leads the system into a new steady state. It is argued that external fields can influence the random nature of fluctuations which makes the corresponding changes ('natural' changes) recurrent crosslinguistically. RÉSUMÉ L'article presente un modele des changements langagiers ayant pour base la theorie de l'autoorganisation. Selon ce modele la structure d'une langue n'est pas definie par la grammaire, mais par le discours; les nouvelles structures grammaticales, elles, sont creees par l'interaction de la langue et la grammaire. L'idee principale du modele presente est le fait que les changements peuvent avoir lieu dans la langue seulement au cas où le systeme perd sa stabilite. A un moment donne, appele 'point de bifurcation', des fluctuations fortuites con-duisent le systeme de nouveau a un etat stable. La stabilite du systeme ne depend pas de fluctuations, c'est plutot une fonction d'un parametre de controls Si le parametre arrive a sa valeur critique, Tune des fluctuations croît en importance et conduit le systeme de nouveau a un etat stable. L'article avance l'hypothese que les champs de force peuvent influencer la distribution fortuite des fluctuations qui rend ces changements repetitifs parmi les langues. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Dieser Artikel stellt ein Sprachwandelmodell vor, das sich auf das Prinzip der Selbstorganisierung gründet. Nach diesem Modell definiert die Rede, nicht die Grammatik, die Struktur der Sprache, und neue grammatische Strukturen bilden sich durch den gegenseitigen EinfluB von Rede und Grammatik. Das Grundprinzip des vorliegenden Modells ist, daB die Anderungen in einer Sprache nur dann vorkommen, wenn das System seine Stabilitat verliert. In diesem Punkt, der als Bifurkationspunkt bezeichnet wird, fiihren die zufalligen Fluktuationen das System in den neuen stabilen Zustand. Die Stabilitat des Systems ist nicht von den Fluktuationen abhangig, sondern ist die Funktion des Kon-trolparameters, die das System leitet. Wenn dieser Parameter seinen kritischen Wert erreicht, nimmt eine von den beiden Fluktuationen zu und fiihrt das System zu einem neuen stabilen Zustand. Der Artikel stellt die Hypothese auf, daB die Kraftefelder auBer dem System die zufallige Distribution der Fluktuationen beeinflussen konnen und dadurch die entsprechenden (sog. natürlichen) Anderungen in den Sprachen der Welt haufig vorkommen.

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BĄKOWSKI, Henryk. "COMPUTER AIDED ANALYSIS OF WEAR OF THE SURFACE LAYER WITH A PEARLITIC STRUCTURE USING AN AMSLER STAND." Tribologia 268, no. 4 (August 31, 2016): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.6972.

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W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań laboratoryjnych na stanowisku Amslera próbek wykonanych ze stali szynowej bez obróbki cieplnej o strukturze perlitycznej. Zaprezentowano warstwę wierzchnią zgładów metalograficznych po współpracy w różnych warunkach eksploatacji. Warstwa wierzchnia uległa zmianie na skutek zjawiska ratchettingu poprzez oddziaływanie różnych czynników eksploatacyjnych. Następnie posłużono się badaniami symulacyjnymi ze pomocą metody elementów skończonych (MES). Odzwierciedlono poszczególne strefy warstwy wierzchniej za pomocą systemu CAD. W oparciu o modele teoretyczne nadano poszczególnym strefom właściwości, aby określić warunki brzegowe niezbędne do przeprowadzenia obliczeń numerycznych. Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły na określenie miejsc szczególnie narażonych na zużycie oraz rozkłady naprężeń i odkształceń umożliwiające wyznaczenie głębokości zalegania maksymalnych ww. wartości.

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Diot, H., J. L. Bouchez, M. Boutaleb, and J. Macaudiere. "Le granite d'Oulmes (Maroc central) ; structure de l'etat magmatique a l'etat solide et modele de mise en place." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France III, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssgfbull.iii.1.157.

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11

Rheubottom, David B. "Genealogical skewing and political support: patrician politics in fifteenth-century Ragusa (Dubrovnik)." Continuity and Change 9, no. 3 (December 1994): 369–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416000002393.

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A partir des archives de la noblesse de Raguse/Dubrovnik au XVe siècle, l'auteur recrée tout d'abord l'univers des families patriciennes de la ville et détermine sa spécificité, puis il montre les consequences de la structure observée sur le nombre d'individus apparentes susceptiblés d'apporter leur appui à la politique familiale, enfin il définit les périodes où ces derniers peuvent intervenir. La structure particuliere du réseau familial est associée à la différence d'ôge qui existe entre les conjoints et aux caracteres specifiques du modele de mariage dans les régions méditerranéennes. La vie politique de Raguse est dominée par de grands groupes agnatiques, mais le succès ne dépend pas du nombre de ces individus apparentés. On démontre que ce phénoméne est associé à la structure de l'univers parental.

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12

Field, R. D., C. Risi, G. A. Schmidt, J. Worden, A. Voulgarakis, A. N. LeGrande, A. H. Sobel, and R. J. Healy. "A Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer HDO/H2O retrieval simulator for climate models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 21 (November 12, 2012): 10485–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-10485-2012.

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Abstract. Retrievals of the isotopic composition of water vapor from the Aura Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) have unique value in constraining moist processes in climate models. Accurate comparison between simulated and retrieved values requires that model profiles that would be poorly retrieved are excluded, and that an instrument operator be applied to the remaining profiles. Typically, this is done by sampling model output at satellite measurement points and using the quality flags and averaging kernels from individual retrievals at specific places and times. This approach is not reliable when the model meteorological conditions influencing retrieval sensitivity are different from those observed by the instrument at short time scales, which will be the case for free-running climate simulations. In this study, we describe an alternative, "categorical" approach to applying the instrument operator, implemented within the NASA GISS ModelE general circulation model. Retrieval quality and averaging kernel structure are predicted empirically from model conditions, rather than obtained from collocated satellite observations. This approach can be used for arbitrary model configurations, and requires no agreement between satellite-retrieved and model meteorology at short time scales. To test this approach, nudged simulations were conducted using both the retrieval-based and categorical operators. Cloud cover, surface temperature and free-tropospheric moisture content were the most important predictors of retrieval quality and averaging kernel structure. There was good agreement between the δD fields after applying the retrieval-based and more detailed categorical operators, with increases of up to 30‰ over the ocean and decreases of up to 40‰ over land relative to the raw model fields. The categorical operator performed better over the ocean than over land, and requires further refinement for use outside of the tropics. After applying the TES operator, ModelE had δD biases of −8‰ over ocean and −34‰ over land compared to TES δD, which were less than the biases using raw model δD fields.

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13

Kiklewicz, Aleksander. "Walencja rosyjskich "verba sentiendi" w świetle składni eksplikacyjnej." Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej 53 (December 24, 2018): 133–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sfps.2018.010.

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Valency of Russian verba sentiendi in the light of explicative syntaxThe subject of this article are syntactic (distributional) properties of Russian sentimental verbs (denoting emotions, moods, affects, passions etc.) in a synchronistic view. 319 units of modern Russian language are studied using a theoretical model of explicative syntax, i.e., representation of the propositional structure at the level of grammaticalization of certain argument positions (defined in terms of grammatical classes). The author distinguishes some distributional patterns noted in the source material (explicative schemes), describing them with reference to the meaning of the lexical class as well as to their frequency (functionality). Walencja rosyjskich verba sentiendi w świetle składni eksplikacyjnejPrzedmiotem niniejszego artykułu są składniowe (dystrybucyjne) właściwości rosyjskich verba sentiendi (nazw uczuć, emocji, afektów, nastrojów i in.) w ujęciu synchronicznym. Przy zastosowaniu teoretycznego modelu składni eksplikacyjnej zbadano 319 jednostek współczesnego języka rosyjskiego. Autor przedstawia wyodrębnione w materiale źródłowym wzorce/modele dystrybucyjne (schematy eksplikacyjne) i opisuje je z uwzględnieniem znaczenia klasy leksykalnej, jak również ze względu na ich częstość reprezentacji (funkcjonalność).

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Rydén, Göran. "Iron production and the household as a production unit in nineteenth-century Sweden." Continuity and Change 10, no. 1 (May 1995): 69–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416000002502.

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Cet article envisage les ménages au travail. Le ménage comme unité de production est traité dans le cadre d'un modele théorique à partir de l'exemple des familles de fondeurs du Gästrikland (Suède), observées au cours de la première moitié du XIXe siècle. L'objectif de ce travail est de comprendre comment la production du fer en barres par des artisans spécialisés au sein d'ateliers centralisés s'est éloignée graduellement de la sphère familiale. Le travail salarié masculin est tout d'abord étudié en détail avant que ne soit abordée la dynamique des rapports complexes entre le travail des fondeurs, celui des femmes au sein du ménage et aussi en dehors et la taille et la structure de ménage dans cette communauté.

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Chybowski, Leszek. "Qualitative and Quantitative Multi-Criteria Models of the Importance of the Components in Reliability Structure of a Complex Technical System / WIELOKRYTERIALNE JAKOŚCIOWO-ILOŚCIOWE MODELE WAŻNOŚCI ELEMENTÓW W STRUKTURZE NIEZAWODNOŚCIOWEJ ZŁOŻONEGO SYSTEMU TECHNICZNEGO." Journal of KONBiN 24, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2013-0051.

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Abstract The paper presents an example of qualitative and quantitative application of a method for assessing component importance of a reliability structure in the case of a complex technical system based on the example of the subsystem of a marine power plant, that is, a lube oil system for sealing a stern tube. An example of the importance of the analysis considered in terms of not only reliability but also safety (impact of a component failure on human, machine and the environmental safety). Safety is usually analyzed in terms of quality, so the approach of trying to combine quantitative and qualitative estimation has been called a qualitative and quantitative method. A two - criteria importance of components according to the reliability criteria and safety criteria have been determined. The directions for further research have been outlined.

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Mohammed, Mohammed Ameen, Zheng Han, and Yange Li. "Exploring the Detection Accuracy of Concrete Cracks Using Various CNN Models." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (September 9, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9923704.

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Automatic crack detection with the least amount of workforce has become a crucial task in the inspection and evaluation of the performances of concrete structure in civil engineering. Recently, although many concrete crack detection models based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been developed, the accuracy of the proposed models varies. Up-to-date, the issue regarding the convolutional neural network architecture with best performance for detecting concrete cracks is still debated in many previous studies. In this paper, we choose three established open-source CNN models (Model1, Model2, and Model3) which have been well-illustrated and verified in previous studies and test them for the purpose of crack detection of concrete structures. The chosen three models are trained using a concrete crack dataset containing 40,000 images those with 227 × 227-pixel in size. The performance of three different convolutional neural network (CNN) models was then evaluated. The comprehensive comparison result indicates that Model2 which used batch normalization is capable of the best performance amongst the three models as selected for concrete cracks detection, with recording the highest classification accuracy and low loss. In a conclusion, we recommend Model2 for a concrete crack detection task.

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Hryniewiecka-Szyfter, Zofia, Elzbieta Gabala, and Adam Babula. "THE ROLE OF SERTOLI CELLS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF SPERM BUNDLES IN THE TESTIS OF SADURIA ENTOMON (LINNAEUS, 1758) (ISOPODA, VALVIFERA)." Crustaceana 72, no. 9 (1999): 1067–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854099504022.

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AbstractUltrastructural observations show that in Saduria entomon (L., 1758) sperm bundles are organized already in the testis, and that a crucial function in this process is played by Sertoli cells, whose protrusions are connected with maturing spermatids. The specific arrangement of maturing spermatids around a Sertoli cell protrusion and their turned-out tails lying centrally in channels reflect the arrangement of spermatozoa in a later bundle. One might assume, therefore, that the pattern along which sperm bundles are organized, which results from their specific structure, is made possible by the way in which the lumen of the testis is penetrated by protrusions of the Sertoli cells. A further role of the Sertoli cells is to produce and secrete matrix components and precursor material for extracellular tubules. Both structures are permanent elements of sperm bundles in isopods. In S. entomon extracellular tubules have a diameter of 80 nm, and their assembling proceeds in close contact with the membrane of a Sertoli cell protrusion. Des observations ultrastructurales montrent que, chez Saduria entomon (L., 1758), les masses spermatiques sont deja organisees dans le testicule et qu'un role crucial dans le processus est joue par les cellules de Sertoli, dont les protrusions sont connectees avec les spermatides en maturation. L'arrangement specifique de ces dernieres autour d'une protrusion de cellule de Sertoli et de leurs queues retournees en position centrale dans les canaux reflete l'arrangement des spermatozoodes dans une masse ulterieure. On peut de ce fait presumer que le modele suivant lequel les masses spermatiques sont organisees, et qui resulte de leur structure specifique, est rendu possible par la facon par laquelle les protrusions des cellules de Sertoli penetrent le testicule. Un autre role des cellules de Sertoli est de produire et de secreter les composants de la matrice et le materiel precurseur pour les tubules extracellulaires. Les deux structures sont des elements permanents des masses spermatiques chez les isopodes. Chez S. entomon, les tubules extracellulaires ont un diametre de 80 nm, et leur assemblage s'effectue en etroit contact avec la membrane d'une protrusion de cellule de Sertoli.

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Carbonara, Pierluigi, Teresa Silecchia, Maria Spedicato, Alessandra Acrivulis, and Giuseppe Lembo. "A GEOSTATISTICAL APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT OF THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PARAPENAEUS LONGIROSTRIS (LUCAS, 1846) IN THE CENTRAL-SOUTHERN TYRRHENIAN SEA." Crustaceana 72, no. 9 (1999): 1093–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854099504040.

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AbstractThe spatial distribution of the abundance indices of the deep-water rose shrimp Parapenaeus longirostris was investigated applying geostatistical techniques on data collected in the central southern Tyrrhenian Sea from bottom trawl surveys carried out in the autumn since 1994. Experimental variograms (auto and cross) were constructed on the variable "abundance index", expressed in kg/km2, and those variogram models best describing the spatial continuity were detected and validated by the jackknife technique. The spatial structure of the "abundance index", exhibiting a similar pattern throughout the surveys, was described by a spherical model and characterized by a spatial continuity at a small scale level in the whole area. The linear geostatistical approach was applied by different kriging techniques and the estimates extended to the spatio-temporal dimension, in this case adopting the co-regionalized models and applying the cokriging technique. This method applied to the spatial dimension (abundance index and depth). Also, linking the spatial and temporal dimension of the abundance indices, measured in two different years, contributed to represent a more accurate picture of the abundance distribution, and allowed the detection of a temporal persistence of the localization of areas with higher abundance, reducing the standard deviation of the estimation error. This information, if coupled with an analysis of the geographical allocation of the fishing effort, could be of importance in stock assessment, allowing some variant application of the composite surplus production models. La distribution spatiale des indices d'abondance de la crevette rose d'eau profonde Parapenaeus longirostris a ete etudiee en appliquant les techniques de la geostatistique aux donnees collectees dans le centre-sud de la mer Tyrrhenienne au cours des campagnes de chalutage demersal realisees pendant l'automne, depuis 1994. Les variogrammes experimentaux (auto et cross) ont ete construits sur la variable "indice d'abondance", exprimee en kg/km2, et les modeles de variogramme decrivants le mieux la continuite spatiale ont ete determines et valides par la technique du "jackknife". La structure spatiale de l'indice d'abondance a presente le meme aspect pour tous les echantillonages; elle a ete decrite au moyen d'un modele spherique et caracterisee par une continuite spatiale a petite echelle dans toute la zone. La geostatistique lineaire a ete appliquee en utilisant differentes techniques du krigeage, et les estimations ont ete etendues a la dimension spatio-temporelle en appliquant les modeles coregionalises et la technique du cokrigeage. Cette methode, appliquee soit dans la dimension spatiale (indice d'abondance et profondeur), soit dans la dimension spatio-temporelle en considerant l'indice d'abondance echantillonne en deux annees differentes, a contribue a representer une image plus precise de la distribution de l'abondance, et a permis de detecter une persistance temporelle de la localisation des aires a plus grande abondance, en reduisant l'ecart type de l'erreur d'estimation. Cette information, avec l'analyse de l'allocation geografique de l'effort de peche, pourrait etre importante dans l'evaluation des stocks, en permettant l'application, avec quelques variantes, des modeles composites de production.

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Pieczka, Adam. "Modelling of some structural parameters of tourmalines on the basis of their chemical composition. I. Ordered structure model." European Journal of Mineralogy 12, no. 3 (May 31, 2000): 589–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2000/0012-0589.

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Bürgi, Andreas. "Z lotu ptaka. „Relief Praszwajcarii” Franza Ludwiga Pfyffera oraz inne modele terenu jako media naukowego zawłaszczania Alp w późnym XVIII wieku." Góry, Literatura, Kultura 14 (August 17, 2021): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-4107.14.5.

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Among the processes of “conquering, developing and appropriating mountains” is occupied by the emergence of mountain topography. In the eighteenth century raised relief, as a terrain model, played one of the most important roles in this process. This was a period when more reliable topographic data began to be collected on the basis of measurements carried out across the Alps. Possibilities of their cartographic representation were limited at the time. A graphic method for presenting orthogonal projection by means of contour curves was not invented until the nineteenth century. Before that three-dimensional terrain models were the only way to correctly represent various levels of landscape. Terrain models were accepted at the time as the best method for presenting mountain landscapes. The first attempt to carry out a comprehensive measurement of the Alps over a vast area of a continuous mountain range and represent it on a low relief was made in 1786 and concerned an area in central Switzerland around Lake Lucerne. At that time Franz Ludwig Pfyffer von Wyher, an officer in French service, became famous for advanced surveying techniques and terrain models, both civilian and military. His famous relief depicts around one-tenth of today’s Switzerland, with two-thirds of the area encompassing the Alps and foot of the Alps. From that moment on other authors began to create their models of Alpine landscape. These reliefs were appreciated by contemporary naturalists, especially those studying the Alps, because they enabled them to view the complex topography of the range, which had been impossible before. They drew attention to a number of natural and geological phenomena, and made it possible to come up with new findings relating to the following questions: At what altitude should the snow line be placed? Where is the boundary of vegetation? Where do coniferous forests begin? Where is the line of glaciers? What is the structure of the mountains? Obviously, they were not sufficient to provide all answers to the above questions, but thanks to a “bird’s eye” perspective they made it possible to place special studies of the various disciplines within a broader context, both with regard to the relevant subject matter and between disciplines.

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Kraus, Dieter. "Earthquake resistant design of underground structures and pipes." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 17, no. 3 (September 30, 1995): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/10133.

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Underground Structures and Pipes can be analyzed as slender structures completely embedded in the soil. For the dynamical analysis soil and structure can be investigated by decoupled structural models. The horizontal layer system of the soil is modeled as a shear beam while for the structure a flexural beam is used. Both models will be finally coupled by elastic foundation.

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Studnicki, Marcin, Wiesław Mądry, Kinga Noras, Elżbieta Wójcik-Gront, and Edward Gacek. "Yield response of winter wheat cultivars to environments modeled by different variance-covariance structures in linear mixed models." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): e0703. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2016142-8737.

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The main objectives of multi-environmental trials (METs) are to assess cultivar adaptation patterns under different environmental conditions and to investigate genotype by environment (G×E) interactions. Linear mixed models (LMMs) with more complex variance-covariance structures have become recognized and widely used for analyzing METs data. Best practice in METs analysis is to carry out a comparison of competing models with different variance-covariance structures. Improperly chosen variance-covariance structures may lead to biased estimation of means resulting in incorrect conclusions. In this work we focused on adaptive response of cultivars on the environments modeled by the LMMs with different variance-covariance structures. We identified possible limitations of inference when using an inadequate variance-covariance structure. In the presented study we used the dataset on grain yield for 63 winter wheat cultivars, evaluated across 18 locations, during three growing seasons (2008/2009-2010/2011) from the Polish Post-registration Variety Testing System. For the evaluation of variance-covariance structures and the description of cultivars adaptation to environments, we calculated adjusted means for the combination of cultivar and location in models with different variance-covariance structures. We concluded that in order to fully describe cultivars adaptive patterns modelers should use the unrestricted variance-covariance structure. The restricted compound symmetry structure may interfere with proper interpretation of cultivars adaptive patterns. We found, that the factor-analytic structure is also a good tool to describe cultivars reaction on environments, and it can be successfully used in METs data after determining the optimal component number for each dataset.

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Zhou, Hui, Ping Xu, and Suchao Xie. "Composite energy-absorbing structures combining thin-walled metal and honeycomb structures." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 231, no. 4 (February 9, 2016): 394–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954409716631579.

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The energy-absorbing structure of a crashworthy railway vehicle was designed by combining the characteristics of thin-walled metal structures and aluminum honeycomb structures: finite element models of collisions involving energy-absorbing structures were built in ANSYS/LS-DYNA. In these models, the thin-walled metal structure was modeled as a plastic kinematic hardening material, and the honeycomb structure was modeled as an equivalent solid model with orthotropic–anisotropic mechanical properties. The analysis showed that the safe velocity standard for rail vehicle collisions was improved from 25 km/h to 45 km/h by using a combined energy-absorbing structure; its energy absorption exceeded the sum of the energy absorbed by the thin-walled metal structure and honeycomb structure when loaded separately, because of the interaction effects of thin-walled metal structure and aluminum honeycomb structure. For an aluminum honeycomb to the same specification, the composite structure showed the highest SEA when using a thin-walled metal structure composed of bi-grooved tubes, followed by that using single-groove tubes: that with a straight-walled structure had the lowest SEA.

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Couriel, Edward, Lex Nielsen, Indra Jayewardene, and Bronson McPherson. "THE NEED FOR PHYSICAL MODELS IN COASTAL ENGINEERING." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.structures.52.

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Coastal process understanding is based on observations of physical processes in the field and laboratory from which theories are developed. Theories may be expressed mathematically and coded into numerical models. Compared with the cost of field data acquisition and laboratory experiments, the cost of numerical modelling is often perceived to be low. Therefore, there is a tendency to undertake coastal investigation and design using numerical modelling methods alone. However, there is still a need for physical modelling in coastal engineering.

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Zipkin, Paul. "The Structure of Structured Bond Portfolio Models." Operations Research 40, no. 1-supplement-1 (February 1992): S157—S169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/opre.40.1.s157.

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Pakhomova, Anna S., Sergey V. Krivovichev, Sergey V. Yudintsev, and Sergey V. Stefanovsky. "Polysomatism and structural complexity: structure model for murataite-8C, a complex crystalline matrix for the immobilization of high-level radioactive waste." European Journal of Mineralogy 28, no. 1 (March 23, 2016): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2015/0027-2511.

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Петухова, Анастасия, Anastasia Petukhova, Станислав Петухов, and Stanislav Petukhov. "Toroidal models of magnetic field with twisted structure." Solar-Terrestrial Physics 5, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-52201910.

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We present and discuss properties of the following magnetic field models in a magnetic cloud: Miller and Turner solution, modified Miller–Turner solution, Romashets–Vandas toroidal and integral models, and Krittinatham–Ruffolo model. Helicity of the magnetic field in all the models is the main feature of magnetic clouds. The first three models describe the magnetic field inside an ideal torus. In the integral model, parameters of a generating torus ambiguously determine the volume and form of the magnetic field region. In the Krittinatham–Ruffolo model, the cross-section radius of the torus is variable, thereby it corresponds more closely to the real form of magnetic clouds in the inner heliosphere. These models can be used to interpret in-situ observations of the magnetic flux rope, to study a Forbush decrease in magnetic clouds and transport effects of solar energetic particles injected into a coronal mass ejection.

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M. Hull, Robert. "Capital Structure Model (CSM): correction, constraints, and applications." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 15, no. 1 (March 14, 2018): 245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(1).2018.21.

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This paper extends the Capital Structure Model (CSM) research by performing the following tasks. First, a correction is offered on the corporate tax rate adjustment found in the break-through concept of the levered equity growth rate (gL) given by Hull (2010). This correction is important because gL links the plowback-payout and debt-equity choices and so its accuracy is paramount. Second, this paper introduces a retained earnings (RE) constraint missing from the CSM growth research when a firm finances with internal equity. The RE constraint governs the plowback-payout and debt-equity choices through the interdependent relation between RE and interest payments (I). Third, a by-product of the RE constraint is a second constraint that governs a no-growth situation so that I does not exceed the available cash flows. Fourth, with the gL correction and two constraints in place, updated applications of prior research and new applications are provided. These applications reveal lower gain to leverage (GL) values than previously reported with more symmetry around the optimal debt-to-equity ratio (ODE) while minimizing steep drop-offs in firm value. For larger plowback ratios, the optimal debt level choice can change. The new constraints serve to point out the need for further research to incorporate external financing within the CSM framework.

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Mori, Kenichi, Yosuke Imai, Tsubasa Takaoka, Koji Iwamoto, Hideyoshi Fuji, and Tyuji Hoshino. "2P270 Database of Lipid Membrane Structures : Computational Analyses of Model Membranes(40. Membrane structure,Poster Session,Abstract,Meeting Program of EABS & BSJ 2006)." Seibutsu Butsuri 46, supplement2 (2006): S363. http://dx.doi.org/10.2142/biophys.46.s363_2.

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Amari, Shinji, Ryoichi Kataoka, Takashi Ikegami, and Noriaki Hirayama. "HLA-Modeler: Automated Homology Modeling of Human Leukocyte Antigens." International Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2013 (November 27, 2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/690513.

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The three-dimensional (3D) structures of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules are indispensable for the studies on the functions at molecular level. We have developed a homology modeling system named HLA-modeler specialized in the HLA molecules. Segment matching algorithm is employed for modeling and the optimization of the model is carried out by use of the PFROSST force field considering the implicit solvent model. In order to efficiently construct the homology models, HLA-modeler uses a local database of the 3D structures of HLA molecules. The structure of the antigenic peptide-binding site is important for the function and the 3D structure is highly conserved between various alleles. HLA-modeler optimizes the use of this structural motif. The leave-one-out cross-validation using the crystal structures of class I and class II HLA molecules has demonstrated that the rmsds of nonhydrogen atoms of the sites between homology models and crystal structures are less than 1.0 Å in most cases. The results have indicated that the 3D structures of the antigenic peptide-binding sites can be reproduced by HLA-modeler at the level almost corresponding to the crystal structures.

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Lević, Marija, Dušanka Krajnović, and Valentina Marinković. "Proposed models for genetic counseling: Which quality indicators by Donabedian's model are more feasible?" Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis 37, no. 3 (2020): 274–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/afmnai2003274l.

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Genetic counselling is a complex process that helps people to understand and adopt medical, psychological and genetic aspects of the disease and enable them to make an appropriate decision. In this framework, we revisited all the existing models for decision-making and suggested their use in the process of genetic counselling, which may lead to more equitable and more favourable outcomes. Also, Donabedian's (Structure-Process-Outcome) model for the development of key performance indicators was applied to assess the quality in the process of genetic counselling. Quality indicators at SPO model in the process of genetic counselling were proposed. The social, economic and humanistic outcomes have also been identified. All defined quality indicators together represent a framework for monitoring, evaluation and continuous improvement of the process of genetic counselling. Although the new medical services of genetic counselling tend to be developed as a powerful multidisciplinary field, the implementation of quality management model will certainly help the development of collaborative practice.

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32

Ota, Takao, Yoshiharu Matsumi, Takayuki Hirayama, and Akira Kimura. "MODELS FOR PROFILE CHANGE OF RUBBLE MOUND REVETMENT AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 32 (January 25, 2011): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.structures.38.

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This study deals with modeling for profile change due to damage progression of rubble mound revetment. The model profiles based on the experimental results consist of three datum points and two sine curves corresponding to the degree of deformation of the revetment. The model profiles agree well with the measured profiles. The model profiles are also used in other experiments and a time-averaged numerical model to examine the change of performance due to damage progression. The reflection coefficient and overtopping rate are taken as performance indices. The measured reflection coefficient decreases slightly, but the overtopping rate increases with damage progression of the revetment. The computed reflection coefficient is almost constant and the overtopping rate shows opposite tendency to the experimental result.

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Jaguljnjak Lazarević, Antonia, Mario Uroš, and Ana Čengija. "FUNDAMENTAL MODELS OF STRUCTURAL STABILITY." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 32, no. 2 (March 2017): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2017.2.5.

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Purser, Gordon H. "Lewis Structures Are Models for Predicting Molecular Structure, Not Electronic Structure." Journal of Chemical Education 76, no. 7 (July 1999): 1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed076p1013.

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Dubinets, Aleksandr, Evgeny Pustovalov, Evgeny B. Modin, Aleksandr N. Fedorets, Vladimir Tkachev, and Vladimir Plotnikov. "Modeling of Structures Nanocrystalline and Amorphous Alloys." Solid State Phenomena 245 (October 2015): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.245.60.

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In this paper discusses and demonstrates the possibility of modeling materials with amorphous and nanocrystalline structure using random close packing of atoms and nanoclusters models. Concordance structure of the real models alloys was evaluated by the radial distribution function obtained as a result of calculations, and in its modeled structures estimation. Modeling structure of the amorphous matrix and the spatial distribution of nanoclusters in two-component amorphous alloys with composition Fe80B20carried out by Ishikawa method. For modeling structure multicomponent amorphous metal alloys we developed correlation-spectral model of the amorphous matrix and nanoclusters. At modeling passing electron wave through the sample used a layered approach, and for the "visualization" imaging we modeled optical schemes of high-resolution electron microscopes.

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Grinyuk, B. E., and D. V. Piatnytskyi. "Structure of 14N Nucleus within a Five-Cluster Model." Ukrainian Journal of Physics 62, no. 10 (November 2017): 835–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe62.10.0835.

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Vanneste, Dieter F. A., Corrado Altomare, Tomohiro Suzuki, Peter Troch, and Toon Verwaest. "COMPARISON OF NUMERICAL MODELS FOR WAVE OVERTOPPING AND IMPACT ON A SEA WALL." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 34 (October 30, 2014): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v34.structures.5.

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Keppers, Chris Wim, Christian Seifart, Toby Johnson, Joao Goncalves, Cyrielle Cayrol, and Sylvain Perrin. "DETACHED BREAKWATERS DESIGN OPTIMISATION USING NUMERICAL AND PHYSICAL MODELS FOR GUGGENHEIM ABU DHABI MUSEUM." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 35 (June 23, 2017): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.structures.4.

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The museum will be built on a landmass retained by a vertical seawall with varying top elevations, protected by four detached breakwaters. One of the main challenges of the study was to limit wave overtopping and negative wave pressures on the seawall while minimizing the visual impact of the detached breakwaters. Empirical approaches and a series of numerical and 2D/3D physical models were used to validate and optimize the design of the detached breakwaters, while still meeting the project requirements in regards to wave loads and wave overtopping discharges.

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Şanlı, Deniz, and Nurgün Platin. "The effect of biomedical model on nursingBiyomedikal modelin hemşireliğe etkisi." International Journal of Human Sciences 12, no. 2 (October 15, 2015): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v12i2.3224.

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Although models are new in nursing, basing nursing care on a model has always been with nursing. Nursing care had been under the sway of other disciplines for the major part of the XXth century. And the biomedical model was the one that affected nursing care the most.Human mind and body are separated as opposite sides with a dualist approach, as mind and spirit belong to theology scholars’ and body belongs to the field of physicians. Body is divided into smaller parts; systems, organs, tissues and cells. Within this approach diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are active in action.Biomedical model guides nurses to perceive an individual as a physicochemical machine or a disease diagnosis where emphasis is on body’s structure and malfunction. Mind and body separation was not suitable with wholistic nursing philosophy. As a result, nurses ignored patient’s individual characteristics and needs and limited themselves in the frame of treatment. Practicing with biomedical model leaded nurses to uncertainty between treatment and care, where nurses would decide on whether to be dependent to physicians or be independent from physicians.Biomedical model, as a traditional model where the nursing practice has been based, is important for its contributions in the past. However, it is a widespread idea within the nurses that this model is not suitable to provide a base for nursing practice. For a different nursing care, existence of various alternatives is very crucial. ÖzetModel kavramı yeni olmasına karşın uygulamayı bir modele temellendirmek hemşireliğin başladığı günden bu yana var olmuştur. Bununla birlikte XX. yüzyılın büyük bir kısmında hemşirelik diğer disiplinlerin kuramlarının etkisi altında kalmış ve bu kuramları kullanmıştır. Ancak en çok etkilendiği model biyomedikal model olmuştur.Zihin ve ruh din bilimcilerinin beden ise hekimlerin alanı olarak ikili (dualist) bir yaklaşımla insan bedeni ile zihni birbirinden ayrı tutulmuştur. Beden daha küçük bölümlere, sistem, organ, doku ve hücrelere ayrılmıştır. İndirgemeci yaklaşım olarak da bilinen bu ikili yaklaşımda tanı koyma ve tedavi etme esastır. Biyomedikal model hemşireyi bireye fizikokimyasal makine ya da hastalık tanısı olarak bakmaya yönlendirir. Vurgu vücudun yapı ve işlevsel bozukluğu üzerinedir. Biyomedikal modelin zihin ve bedeni iki karşıt gruba ayıran anlayışı insanı bir bütün olarak ele almayı hedefleyen hemşirelik felsefesi ile de çelişmektedir. Sonuçta hastanın kişisel özellikleri göz ardı edilmiş, hemşireler de tedavi çerçevesi içinde sıkışıp kalmış ve hastayı bir bütün olarak ele alamamışlardır. Diğer taraftan biyomedikal modele bağlı kalmak hemşireleri tedavi ile bakım arasında bir tür belirsizlik konumunda bırakmış ve hemşireler hekimlere bağımlı ya da bağımsız olmak arasında bir karar verme konumunda kalmışlardır.Yıllardır hemşirelik uygulamasının üzerinde kurgulandığı biyomedikal model, geleneksel bir model olarak geçmişteki katkıları önemlidir. Ancak, modelin hemşirelik uygulamalarına bir temel oluşturmada yetersiz kaldığı görüşü hemşireler arasında giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. Bu bağlamda hemşirelik bakımı için daha uygun farklı seçeneklerin olması çok önemdir.

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Allen Jong Woei Whang, Allen Jong Woei Whang, Cheng-Ming Chang Cheng-Ming Chang, Chun-Han Chou Chun-Han Chou, Chia-Min Lin Chia-Min Lin, Shih-Min Chao Shih-Min Chao, Kai-Cyuan Jhan Kai-Cyuan Jhan, and Ming Cheng Wang Ming Cheng Wang. "Innovative light-collecting module using prismatic array structures." Chinese Optics Letters 12, no. 1 (2014): 012201–12204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201412.012201.

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41

Cappietti, Lorenzo, and Pier Luigi Aminti. "LABORATORY INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AN OVERSPILL BASIN IN REDUCING WAVE OVERTOPPING ON MARINA BREAKWATERS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 9, 2012): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.structures.20.

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This paper presents laboratory experiments on scale models of marina breakwaters conducted to assess the effectiveness of an overspill basin in reducing wave overtopping. Six different breakwater models were tested under eight different wave conditions. The comparisons between the overtopping measurements on a classical shaped breakwater model and those conducted on models characterized by the inclusion of overspill basins have proved the effectiveness of this new design. Moreover, increasing the height of the wave wall up to the value that induces the same reduction of the overtopping obtained by the inclusion of overspill basins is also reviewed. Some analysis on mean overtopping discharges as well as analysis on maximum overtopping volumes are reported.

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Van den Bos, Jeroen, Henk Jan Verhagen, Marcel Zijlema, and Bart Mellink. "TOWARDS A PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF NUMERICAL MODELS TO PREDICT WAVE-STRUCTURE INTERACTION: AN INITIAL VALIDATION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 34 (October 28, 2014): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v34.structures.50.

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43

SWAIN, MARTIN T., ANTHONY J. BROOKS, and GRAHAM J. L. KEMP. "PREDICTING PEPTIDE INTERACTIONS WITH MODEL CLASS II MHC STRUCTURES." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 14, no. 04 (August 2005): 561–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213005002260.

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An automated method for constructing 3D models of class II MHC structures that uses constraint logic programming to select side-chain conformations is described. This method follows a comparative modeling approach in basing the model structures on experimentally determined MHC-peptide structures, but it uses constraints to ease open the peptide binding groove so that the modeled MHC structure is a less specific fit for the co-crystallized peptide in the starting structure. The resulting models are used by a "peptide threading" program that attempts to predict peptides from a protein sequence that will bind strongly to particular MHC alleles. Our results indicate that MHC models that have been constructed in this way enable the peptide threading program to make binding predictions that are comparable with those obtained when using experimentally determined MHC structures, suggesting that a combined modeling and peptide threading approach is worth pursuing for MHC molecules for which experimentally determined structures are not available.

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Han, Kyoung Bong, and Doo Yong Cho. "The Interaction between Adjacent Structures with Different Foundation Levels under Earthquake Loading." Applied Mechanics and Materials 479-480 (December 2013): 1109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.479-480.1109.

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The aim of this paper is to study the interaction between adjacent structures with different foundation levels under earthquake loading conditions. Structures and soil are represented by two different models. In the first case, the structure itself is modeled with standard frame element, whereas the soil behavior is stimulated by a special grid model. In the second case, the structure and soil are represented by plane stress or plane strain elements. The Interaction between the two structures is demonstrated and discussed via numerical examples using the proposed method and program. In case of the structures having shallow foundations, the interaction is small and negligible. If the foundation of one structure is shallow and the other one deep, then the interaction renders the forces in one structure 20% smaller than those in a single shallow structure, If the neighboring structures have the same deep foundation level, then due to interaction the forces in one structure are 25% larger than those in a single deep structure.

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KUNDROTAS, PETRAS, PAULINA GEORGIEVA, ALEXANDRA SHOSHEVA, PETYA CHRISTOVA, and EMIL ALEXOV. "ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF THE HOMOLOGY-MODELED 3D STRUCTURES FROM ELECTROSTATIC STANDPOINT: TEST ON BACTERIAL NUCLEOSIDE MONOPHOSPHATE KINASE FAMILIES." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 05, no. 03 (June 2007): 693–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219720007002709.

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In this study, we address the issue of performing meaningful pKa calculations using homology modeled three-dimensional (3D) structures and analyze the possibility of using the calculated pKa values to detect structural defects in the models. For this purpose, the 3D structure of each member of five large protein families of a bacterial nucleoside monophosphate kinases (NMPK) have been modeled by means of homology-based approach. Further, we performed pKa calculations for the each model and for the template X-ray structures. Each bacterial NMPK family used in the study comprised on average 100 members providing a pool of sequences and 3D models large enough for reliable statistical analysis. It was shown that pKa values of titratable groups, which are highly conserved within a family, tend to be conserved among the models too. We demonstrated that homology modeled structures with sequence identity larger than 35% and gap percentile smaller than 10% can be used for meaningful pKa calculations. In addition, it was found that some highly conserved titratable groups either exhibit large pKa fluctuations among the models or have pKa values shifted by several pH units with respect to the pKa calculated for the X-ray structure. We demonstrated that such case usually indicates structural errors associated with the model. Thus, we argue that pKa calculations can be used for assessing the quality of the 3D models by monitoring fluctuations of the pKa values for highly conserved titratable residues within large sets of homologous proteins.

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Wang, haiqi, Peng Zhang, and lanjie Wu. "A Joint Model of Macro Factors and Agent Based Structure." International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance 1, no. 3 (2010): 315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijtef.2010.v1.56.

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Wei, Jianli, Shida Tian, and Xinghua Yao. "Variable Structure Control for Hypersonic Vehicle Based on Model Reference." International Journal of Applied Physics and Mathematics 5, no. 2 (2015): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17706/ijapm.2015.5.2.144-152.

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Figovsky, Oleg, Dmitry Pashin, Zufar Khalitov, Diana Valeeva, and Andrey Chkanov. "The Cylindrical Superlattices SnS/SnS2: Model of Structure and Diffraction." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 7, no. 3 (September 25, 2013): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht07.03.251.

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Tuhta, Sertaç. "OMA of GFRP Retrofitted Model Concrete Structure Using Ambient Vibration." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-1 (December 31, 2018): 360–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd18979.

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Xiang, Jiansheng, John-Paul Latham, Axelle Vire, Elena Anastasaki, and Christopher C. Pain. "COUPLED FLUIDITY/Y3D TECHNOLOGY AND SIMULATION TOOLS FOR NUMERICAL BREAKWATER MODELLING." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (December 14, 2012): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.structures.66.

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FEMDEM modelling which combines the multi-body particle interaction and motion modelling (i.e. Discrete Element Model, DEM) with the ability to model internal deformation of arbitrary shape (Finite Element Model, FEM) has been applied to breakwater models. There are two versions of a FEMDEM solver developed; Y3D_D is for deformable materials and is required for dynamic and static stress analysis and Y3D-R is the rigid version often used to numerically construct the armour unit packs. This paper also reports the placement protocols: POSITIT. FEMDEM modelling deals with solids interactions and is one modelling component that is to be coupled to other modelling technologies e.g. CFD, interface tracking, wave models, porous media etc. so that the key fluid-solid interactions can be modelled in a full scale virtual breakwater alongside work on scaled hydraulic laboratory models and prototype structures. The latest developments of two-way coupled interactions of waves with coastal structures are also described in this paper.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Modele structure'

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