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Academic literature on the topic 'Modèles d'épidémie'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Modèles d'épidémie"
Lanchier, Nicolas. "Systemes de particules multicolores." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00164594.
Full textBelhadji, Lamia. "Systèmes à une infinité de particules en interaction et modèles d'épidémies." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUES016.
Full textIn this thesis we consider two approaches to study the spread of infectious diseases within a apatially structured population distributed in social clusters. Each site of the d-dimensional integer lattice Zd is occupied by a cluster of individuals, each indidual is healthy or infected. According wether we consider only the population of infected individuals or both populations of infected and healthy, several models are given to study the epidemic phenomena. Our first approach is the derivation of hydrodynamics units : going from the microscopic level to the macroscopic one, it relies on a rescaling of space and time. By using the relative entropy method we prove that the empirical measures converge to a deterministic measure. Our second approach is at microscopic level ; its goal is to determine the existence of non trivial stationary measures
Lanchier, Nicolas. "Systèmes de particules multicolores." Rouen, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ROUES019.
Full textMost mathematical models in the biological literature that describe inherently spatial phenomena of interacting populations consist of systems of ordinary differential equations obtained under global dispersion assumptions, thus leaving out any spatial structure. Interacting particle systems are Markov processes with state space FS where F is a finite set of colors and where S is a spatial structure, typically Zd. They are ideally suited to study the consequences of the inclusion of a spatial structure in the form of local interactions. We investigate the mathematical properties (stationary distribution, geometry of the configurations, phase transitions) of various multicolour particle systems defined on Zd. Each of these systems is intended to model local interactions within a spatially structured community of populations. More precisely, the biological processes we investigate are ecological succession, allelopathy or competition between an inhibitory species and a susceptible species, multi-species host-symbiont interactions, and persistent gene flow from transgenic crops to wild relatives through pollination in a heterogeneous environment. The mathematical techniques are probabilistic, including coupling, duality, multiscales arguments, oriented percolation, asymptotic properties of random walks, and large deviations estimates
Yeo, Ténan. "Modèles stochastiques d'épidémies en espace discret et continu : loi des grands nombres et fluctuations." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0617.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study stochastic epidemic models taking into account the spatial structure of the environment. Firstly, we consider a deterministic and a stochastic SIR model on a regular grid of [0,1]^d, d=1, 2 or 3. On the one hand, by letting first the size of the population on each node go to infinity and the mesh size of the grid is kept fixed, we prove that the stochastic model converges to the deterministic model on the spatial grid. This system of ordinary differential equations converges to a system of partial differential equations as the mesh size of the grid goes to zero. On the other hand, we let both the population size go to infinity and the mesh size of the grid go to zero with a restriction on the the speed of convergence between the two parameters. In this case, we show that the stochastic model converges to the deterministic model in the continuous space. Next, we study, in the case d=1, the fluctuations of the stochastic model around its deterministic law of large numbers limit, by using a cental limit theorem. Finally, we study the dynamic of infectious disease within a population distribued on a finite number of interconnected patches. We place ourselves in the context of an SIS model. By using the central limit theorem, the moderate deviations and the large deviations, we give an approximation of the time taken by the random pertubations to extinct an endemic situation. We make numerical calculus for the quasi-potential which appear in the expression of the time of extinction. Comparisons are made with that of the homogeneous model
Leclerc, Pauline. "Ajustement des profils de séroprévalence du VIH par un modèle de micro-simulation : application au cas de la Zambie." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066471.
Full textPelat, Camille. "Nouveaux outils et nouvelles données pour la surveillance des maladies infectieuses." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00690501.
Full textFlamand, Claude. "Etude des déterminants climatiques et environnementaux de la dengue en Guyane française." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS256.
Full textDengue is the most prioritized infectious disease in French Guiana with an intense mobilization of public health authorities. In this context, the improvement of knowledge on the climatic, environmental and demographic determinants of dengue transmission is a necessary condition to the development of epidemic prediction model for the planning of control activities at each level of organization of the territory. This thesis had two objectives: i) assess the effect of climatic and environmental factors on dengue spread; ii) develop prediction models of epidemic to anticipate and plan prevention and control activities. We used complementary statistical, data mining and modeling tools to show that climatic and environmental factors interplay with dengue incidence differently at different territory scales. A predictive model with a good performance was developped considering the whole territory of French Guiana. This model indicates that a dengue epidemic is likely to occur in 2016
Favier, Charly. "Hommes, Savanes, Forêts : modélisation de systèmes dynamiques liant l'homme à son environnement." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009014.
Full textLeduc, Hugues. "Estimation de paramètres dans des modèles d'épidémies." Mémoire, 2011. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4086/1/M12055.pdf.
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