Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modèles de volatilité'
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Kurpiel, Adam. "Valorisation et gestion d'options : modèles à volatilité stochastique." Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40048.
Full textBlanc, Pierre. "Effets de rétroaction en finance : applications à l'exécution optimaleet aux modèles de volatilité." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1110/document.
Full textIn this thesis we study feedback effects in finance and we focus on two of their applications. These effects stem from the fact that traders split meta-orders sequentially, and also from feedback loops. Therefore, one can observe clusters of activity and periods of relative calm. The first part introduces an dynamic optimal execution framework with an exogenous stochastic flow of market orders. Our starting point is the well-known model of Obizheva and Wang which defines an execution framework with both permanent and transient price impacts. We modify the price model by adding an order flow based on Hawkes processes, which are self-exciting jump processes. The theory of stochastic control allows us to derive the optimal strategy as a closed formula. Also, we discuss the existence of Price Manipulations Strategies in the sense of Huberman and Stanzl which can be excluded from the model if the self-exciting property of the order flow exactly compensates the resilience of the price. The next chapter studies a calibration protocol for the model, which we apply to tick-by-tick data from CAC40 stocks. On this dataset, the model is found to explain a significant part of the variance of prices. We then evaluate the optimal strategy with a series of backtests, which show that it is profitable on average, although realistic transaction costs can prevent manipulation strategies. In the second part of the thesis, we turn to intra-day volatility modeling. Previous works from the volatility feedback literature mainly focus on the daily time scale, i.e. on close-to-close returns. Our goal is to use a similar approach on shorter time scales. We first present an ARCH-type model which accounts for the contributions of past intra-day and overnight returns separately. A calibration method for the model is considered, that we use on US and European stocks, and we provide some qualitative insights on the results. The last chapter of the thesis is dedicated to a high-frequency volatility model. We introduce a continuous-time analogue of the QARCH framework, which is also a generalization of Hawkes processes. This new model reproduces several important stylized facts, in particular it generates a time-asymmetric and fat-tailed volatility process
Ould, Aly Sidi Mohamed. "Modélisation de la courbe de variance et modèles à volatilité stochastique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604530.
Full textTouzi, Nizar. "Modèles à volatilité stochastique : arbitrage, équilibre et inférence statistique." Paris 9, 1993. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1993PA090053.
Full textChuffart, Thomas. "Problèmes de choix de modèles dans la volatilité conditionnelle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM2022.
Full textThis Ph.D. thesis composed by three chapters contributes to the development of model selection in GARCH-type models.The first chapter investigates whether the most common selection criteria lead to choose the right specification in a regime switching framework. We propose simulation experiments which reveal the inefficiency of some selection criteria in particular cases which lead to misspecification. Depending on the Data Generating Process used in the experiments, great care is needed when choosing a criterion.In the second chapter, a misspecication test for GARCH-type models is presented. We propose a Lagrange Multiplier type test based on a Taylor expansion to distinguish between (G)ARCH models and unknown nonlinear GARCH-type models. This test can be seen as a general misspecication test. We investigate the size and the power of this test through Monte Carlo experiments. We show the usefulness of our test with an illustrative empirical example based on daily exchange rate returns.In the third chapter, we study the impact of oil price returns on sovereign Credit Default Swaps (CDS) spreads for two major oil producers, Russia and Venezuela. Using daily spreads from 2008 to 2015, we find that crude oil price returns are a critical determinant of Venezuela CDS spreads changes, but does not explain significantly Russian CDS spreads. Indeed, oil prices seem to impact Russian CDS spreads through the exchange rates canal. Finally, we propose as an appendix the manual of the MSGtool, a MATLAB toolbox, which provides a collection of functions for the simulation and estimation of a large variety of Markov Switching GARCH (MSG) models
El, Kolei Salima. "Estimation des modèles à volatilité stochastique par filtrage et déconvolution." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4095.
Full textThis thesis deals with the estimation of the state and/or the parameters of state-space models. The motivations come from financial applications, namely, from the estimation of the stochastic volatility and the parameters of its dynamics. Here, we consider two models : the Taylor SV model and the Heston model. After presenting the filtering methods, we propose a new approach of M-estimation based on a déconvolution strategy for linear state space models. We show that this method leads to a consistent and asymptotically normal estimator with an explicit variance, allowing constructing asymptotic confidence interval in practice. For the SV model, a thorough comparison with filtering methods and other classical methods is given on simulated and real data. This study shows the performance of our new approach. The Heston model is an example of complex state space models and, due to the nonlinearity, we cannot apply our approach. Nevertheless, filtering methods can be used for this model and we show how the filters update the estimation of the volatility and the parameters thanks to the observation of option prices. This illustrates the flexibility of these methods. Finally, we analyze the model risk induces by an error in the estimation of the parameters. Our objective consists in understanding the behavior of the filtering methods when the model is not well parameterized. A theoretical analysis consists in isolating the model risk due to the uncertainty of the parameters from the error of estimation for linear (and weakly nonlinear) models. An application of this result is given for the Heston model
Bodin, Pierre-Anthony. "Optimisation des modèles d'évaluation et de couverture des options financières sous contraintes de liquidité." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CERG0711.
Full textOptimization of pricing and hedging models for financial options under liquidity constraints
Alvarez, Alexander. "Modélisation de séries financières, estimation, ajustement de modèles et test d'hypothèses." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30018.
Full textAboura, Sofiane. "L' étude du comportement de la volatilité implicite." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32037.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study of the implied volatility behavior. The first part presents and simulates the main implied volatility models and option pricing models. The goal is to highlight the role of the parameters characterizing the volatility process on the smile deformation. The second part is dedicated to the study of the predictive power and to the transmission of implied volatility, within an international framework, between the French, German and US markets (VX1, VDAX and VIX). The objective is to measure the interactions between volatilities and to quantify their process. The third part is devoted to option valuation with a discussion on the empirical dynamic of the smile. The analysis concerns models derived from Black-Scholes (1973), models including information costs, stochastic volatility models and NGARCH models. The purpose is to underline the performance and limit of these models along with their smile
Regnard, Nazim. "Modèles GARCH à coefficients fonctions d'un processus exogène." Lille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL30036.
Full textIn this document, we studt the probabilistic properties and the statistical inference of parametric conditional volatility models with coefficients driven by an observed exogenous process. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the stability properties of a GARCH (1,1) model belonging to this class. Necessary and suffcient conditions are given for the existence of solutions, which are generally non-stationary, and for the existence of moments of such solutions. These conditions concerns the GARCH coefficients in the various regimes of the exogenous process, and the stationary probabilities of these regimes. The second part is devoted to the asymptotic properties of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimator. The consistency and asymptotic normality are derived under regularity assumptions implying the stability of the solution and the strict positivity of the GARCH coefficients but without requiring the existence of moments of the observal process. In the third part, we derive the asymptotic properties of the estimator when certain coefficients of the model are null. In this case, the symptotic distribution of the estimator is shown to be the projection of a Gaussian distribution onto a convex one, and thus is non Gaussian. We derive asymptotic distributions of test of nullity of some coefficients, and their asymptotic local power functions. Most of these asymptotic results are illustrated by stimulated examples. The proposed models seems to be particularly well suited for the modeling of energy prices. For gas prices, an empirical finding is the existence of distinct volatility regimes for the volatility of gas prices, depending on the temperature level
Salvati, Jean. "Les énigmes dans les modèles d'évaluation basés sur la consommation : analyse et solutions." Paris 9, 1995. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1995PA090004.
Full textThis thesis adresses three puzzles in dynamic consumption-based asset pricing theory : mehra and prescott's equity premium and risk-free rate puzzles, and the excess volatility puzzle. Chapter 1 reviews traditional consumption-based asset pricing models with complete markets and time-separable preferences. Chapter 2 reviews the evidence on these models' inability to match the estimated first and second moments of asset returns for a reasonable value of the coefficient of relative risk aversion. Chapter 3 studies the impact of consumption habit persistence on a representative-agent model's predictions. The habit persistence model matches the estimated average asset returns for a coefficient of relative risk aversion close to twelve, but is unable to match the asset returns' standard deviations. Chapter 4 reviews three models with market incompleteness due to uninsurable shocks on labor income. These models fail to provide a solution to the puzzles. Chapter 5 introduces a model with incomplete markets, borrowing constraints, and incomplete participation in the stock market (caused by fixed information education costs). For sufficiently strict borrowing constraints, the model is able to match the estimated first and second moments of asset returns for a coefficient of relative risk aversion equal to 2
Mrad, Mehdi. "Méthodes numériques d'évaluation et de couverture des options exotiques multi-sous-jacents : modèles de marché et modèles à volatilité incertaine." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010010.
Full textCharles, Amélie. "Influence des évènements rares sur la modélisation de la volatilité boursière." Montpellier 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON10005.
Full textHenon, Sandrine. "Évaluation et couverture de produits dérivés dans les marchés imparfaits : un modèle de taux avec volatilité stochastique." Marne-la-Vallée, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MARN0242.
Full textMero, Gulten. "Modèles à facteurs latents et rentabilités des actifs financiers." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1G011.
Full textThis thesis aims at using latent factor models and recent econometric developments in order to obtain a better understanding of underlying asset risk. Firstly, we describe the various latent factor models currently applied to finance as well as the main estimation methodologies. We also present how financial and econometrical theories allow us to link statistical factors to economic and financial variables, hence facilitating their interpretation. Secondly, we use a cross-sectional approach in order to explain and interpret the risk profile of hedge fund and stock returns. Our methodology is consistent with statistical properties inherent to large samples as well as the dynamic properties of systematic risk. Thirdly, we model a market where prices and volumes are influenced by intra-day liquidity shocks. We propose a mixture of distribution model with two latent factors allowing us to capture the respective impacts of both information shocks and liquidity frictions. This model enables us to build a static stock-specific liquidity measure using daily data. Moreover, we extend our structural model in order to take into account dynamic properties of liquidity risk. In particular, we distinguish two liquidity issues : intra-day liquidity frictions and illiquidity events deteriorating market quality in a persistent manner. Finally, we use signal extraction modeling in order to build dynamic liquidity measures
Hounkpatin, Odile. "Lois du taux de swap et calibrage de modèles en finance." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066182.
Full textKhaled, Mohamad. "Estimation bayésienne de modèles espace-état non linéaires." Paris 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA010048.
Full textTrifi, Amine. "Essais en agrégation, convergence et limites en temps continu des modèles GARCH." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010057.
Full textJraifi, Abdelilah. "Analyse numérique de modèles de diffusion-sauts à volatilité stochastique : cas de l'évaluation des options." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VALE0002.
Full textIn the modern economic world, the options contracts are used because they allow to hedge against the vagaries and risks refers to fluctuations in the prices of the underlying assets. The determination of the price of these contracts is of great importance for investors.We are interested in problems of options pricing, actually the European and Quanto options on a financial asset. The price of that asset is modeled by a multi-dimentional jump diffusion with stochastic volatility. Otherwise, the first model considers the volatility as a continuous process and the second model considers it as a jump process. Finally in the 3rd model, the underlying asset is without jump and volatility follows a model CEV without jump. This model allow better to take into account some phenomena observed in the markets. We develop numerical methods that determine the values of prices for these options. We first write the model as an integro-differential stochastic equations system "EIDS", of which we study existence and unicity of solutions. Then we relate the resolution of PIDE to the computation of the option value. This link, which is based on the notion of infinitesimal generators, allows us to use different numerical methods. We therefore introduce the variational equation associated with the PIDE, and drawing on the work of Zhang [106], we show that it admits a unique solution in a weights Sobolev space We focus on the numerical approximation of the price of the option, by treating the problem in a bounded domain. We use the finite elements method of type (P1), and the scheme of Euler-Maruyama, for this serve, on the one hand the finite differences method in time, and on the other hand the method of Monte Carlo and the Quasi Monte Carlo method. For this last method we use of Halton sequences to improve the speed of convergence.We present a comparative study of the different numerical results in many different cases in order to investigate the performance and effectiveness of the used methods
Brezovski, Mathieu. "Inférence bayésienne des modèles à sauts dans la volatilité du sous-jacent des options négociables." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/BREZOVSKI_Mathieu_2005.pdf.
Full textSince the seminal contributions of Black and Scholes (1973) the range of the possible specifications to model the evolution of an underlying asset has considerably increased and continues to grow. These developments are justified by the need for taking into account the phenomena governing the dynamics of the underlying asset in order to provide theoretical option prices always more in adequacy with those observed. This thesis is devoted to the study of a new class of option pricing models with jumps in the volatility process. A significant place is granted to the estimation of this kind of models. The first two chapters of the thesis enable us to review the essential elements that are used as a basis for the original part of our work. We thus expose the principal results and weaknesses of standard option pricing models (Black and Scholes, stochastic volatility models and jump models), then, we describe the various existing estimation methods with a specific emphasis on the Bayesian approach. In the third chapter, we start from a widespread specification in the financial literature to propose a new model taking into account the existence of discontinuities in volatility process. After having discussed its risk-neutralization and having deduced a pricing formula, we illustrate the impact of jumps on the implied volatility surface. In the fourth chapter we describe an original Bayesian method of estimation based on the observation of the French volatility index, which allows to determine the risk-neutrals parameters of this model. Finally, in the fifth chapter, we expose an extended model where both asset returns and volatility follow jump diffusion processes
Peng, Qidi. "Inférence statistique pour des processus multifractionnaires cachés dans un cadre de modèles à volatilité stochastique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10049/document.
Full textThe paradigmatic example of a multifractional stochastic process is multifractional Brownian motion (mBm). This fractal Gaussian process with continuous nowhere differentiable trajectories is a natural extension of the well-known fractional Brownian motion (fBm). FBm was introduced a longtime ago by Kolmogorov and later it has been made « popular» by Mandelbrot; in several outstanding works, the latter author has emphasized the fact that this model is of a great importance in various applied areas. Regarding mBm, it was introduced, more than fifteen years ago, by Benassi, Jaffard, Lévy Véhel, Peltier and Roux. Roughly speaking, it is obtained by replacing the constant Hurst parameter of fBm by a smooth function H(t) which depends on the time variable t. Therefore, in contrast with fBm, theincrements of mBm are non stationary and the local roughness of its trajectories (usually measured through the pointwise Hölder exponent) is allowed to significantly evolve over time; in fact, at each time t, the pointwise Hölder exponent of mBm is equal to H(t). It is worth noticing that the latter property makes this process more flexible than fBm; thanks to it, mBm has now become a useful model in the area of signal and image processing, aswell as in other areas such as finance. Since at least one decade, several authors have been interested in statistical inference problems connected with mBm and other multifractional processes/fields; their motivations have both applied and theoretical aspects. Among those problems, an important one is the estimation of H(t), the pointwise Hölder exponent at an arbitrary time t. In the solutions of such issues, the generalized quadratic variation method, which was first introduced by Istas and Lang in a setting of stationary increments processes, usually plays a crucial role. This method allows to construct asymptotically normal estimators starting from quadratic means of generalized increments of a process observed on a grid. So far, to our knowledge, in the statistical literature concerning mBm, it has been assumed that, the observation of the true values of this process on a grid, is available; yet, such an assumption does not always seem to be realistic. The main goal of the thesis is to study statistical inference problems related to mBm, when only a corrupted version of it, can be observed on a regular grid. This corrupted version is given by a class of stochastic volatility models whose definition is inspired by some Gloter and Hoffmann’s earlier works; last, notice that thanks to Itô formula this statistical setting can be viewed as the classical setting: « signal+noise »
Tran, Manh Tuyen. "Stock return and volatility on the vietnamese stock market." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131002.
Full textJurczenko, Emmanuel. "Modèles d'évaluation des prix des actifs financiers et moments d'ordre supérieur." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010007.
Full textGloter, Arnaud. "Estimation des paramètres d'une diffusion cachée : intégrales de processus de diffusion et modèles à volatilité stochastique." Marne-la-Vallée, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MARN0066.
Full textLepage, Guillaume. "Inférence statistique des modèles conditionnellement hétéroscédastiques avec innovations stables, contraste non gaussien et volatilité mal spécifiée." Phd thesis, Université Charles de Gaulle - Lille III, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00881518.
Full textLecourt, Christelle. "Les variations de taux de change au jour le jour : une approche économétrique à partir des processus à mémoire longue." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50374-2000-3.pdf.
Full textBoucher, Christophe. "Mésalignements, rentabilités et volatilité sur le marché des actions." Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA131027.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to analyze empirically misalignments on the US stock market and to examine their impact on the future path of stock prices, the volatility and the monetary policy conduct. Chapter 1 shows that the unconditional expected equity premium is affected by the structural economic changes and not only by the business cycle. Chapter 2 considers a new perspective on the relationship between stock prices and inflation, by estimating the common long-term trend in the earning-price ratio and inflation. Chapter 3 explores the adjustment mechanism between US stock prices and fundamentals using momentum threshold autoregressive (MTAR) models. Chapter 4 considers the impact of misalignments on realized volatility. Chapter 5 investigates the relationship between consumption, disaggregated wealth and the monetary policy for the US
Grimaud, Agnès. "Modélisation stochastique et estimation de la dispersion du pollen de maïs.Estimation dans des modèles à volatilité stochastique." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011584.
Full textDans la seconde partie, on s'intéresse à des modèles à volatilité stochastique «mean-reverting», souvent utilisés en économie. Le processus observé est fonction d'une diffusion non observable dont on souhaite estimer les paramètres. Une méthode d'estimation à deux pas basée sur la structure ARMA(1,1) du processus est proposée, en utilisant un estimateur de moments et un contraste de Whittle. Des simulations sont réalisées afin de comparer cette méthode avec d'autres méthodes existantes. Ensuite un paramètre dit «leverage» est ajouté et un modèle discrétisé est étudié. Un critère auxiliaire est proposé pour estimer les paramètres à l'aide d'une méthode d'inférence indirecte. Enfin des simulations sont réalisées pour évaluer leurs performances.
Nicolas, José. "Politiques macroéconomiques et volatilité des marchés boursiers, analyse de modèles ICAPM multivariés sous hypothèses de covariances conditionnelles." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ38166.pdf.
Full textGrimaud, Agnès. "Modélisation et estimation de la dispersion du pollen de maïs : estimation dans des modèles à volatilité stochastique." Paris 7, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011584.
Full textMouallim, Isam. "Evaluation de la volatilité et de la corrélation dans la gestion du risque de marché." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON10007.
Full textThis thesis has object to improve the methods for estimating market risk by offering solutions capable to replicate some empirical properties of asset returns. Through an empirical study on real data, we show that the reality of financial markets has some empirical characteristics known and summarized as "stylized facts" that render the conventional market risk measurement unable to reproduce. We propose a Value-at-Risk (VaR) measures, based on modeling portfolio volatility and correlations between assets classes, using two risk measurement approaches: an univariate risk measurement approach and multivariate risk measurement approach, and testing their quality predictive using backtesting procedures. The results obtained show a great ability of different used risk measurement to capture the stylized facts characterizing financial markets, with a clear outperformance of the multivariate VaR measures than the univariate VaR measures
Otha-Ndoumba, Gabin. "Formulation et estimation des modèles ARCH et GARCH avec application à l'analyse de la volatilité des séries économiques." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/291.
Full textYacouba, Abdou Adamou. "Estimation d'un modèle Arch-Garch avec primes d'asymétrie." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24186.
Full textJerbi, Yacin. "Évaluation des options et gestion des risques financiers par les réseaux de neurones et les modèles à volatilité stochastique." Paris 1, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00308623.
Full textKhanniche, Sabrina. "Les risques des hedge funds." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100159.
Full textHedge funds are getting more and more importance. Fuelled by the prospect of returns disconnected from global markets, a wide range of investors have sought exposure to hedge funds, especially after the losses caused by the dot com bubble. They invest in a wide range of markets as well as in companies. The underlying risks are heterogeneous, varied and sometimes interconnected. Furthermore, those risks are magnified by leverage hedge funds undertake. When markets are normal, hedge funds are able to generate returns more attractive than those provided by traditional assets. However, they exhibit an extreme losses risk when markets go suddenly down. Thus, it is important to have an idea of those risks and think about a more accurate measure of hedge fund risks. We thus take into account Value at Risk for which volatility is evaluated in a better manner and quantile retained is different from the normal law. The dynamic analysis of hedge funds suggest that their returns are exposed to an extreme regime when markets go down
Cloutier, Jean. "Estimation bayesienne d'un modèle de volatilité stochastique et application au risque de taux d'intérêt." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28521/28521.pdf.
Full textPalidda, Ernesto. "Modélisation du smile de volatilité pour les produits dérivés de taux d'intérêt." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1027/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis is devoted to the study of an Affine Term Structure Model where we use Wishart-like processes to model the stochastic variance-covariance of interest rates. This work was initially motivated by some thoughts on calibration and model risk in hedging interest rates derivatives. The ambition of our work is to build a model which reduces as much as possible the noise coming from daily re-calibration of the model to the market. It is standard market practice to hedge interest rates derivatives using models with parameters that are calibrated on a daily basis to fit the market prices of a set of well chosen instruments (typically the instrument that will be used to hedge the derivative). The model assumes that the parameters are constant, and the model price is based on this assumption; however since these parameters are re-calibrated, they become in fact stochastic. Therefore, calibration introduces some additional terms in the price dynamics (precisely in the drift term of the dynamics) which can lead to poor P&L explain, and mishedging. The initial idea of our research work is to replace the parameters by factors, and assume a dynamics for these factors, and assume that all the parameters involved in the model are constant. Instead of calibrating the parameters to the market, we fit the value of the factors to the observed market prices. A large part of this work has been devoted to the development of an efficient numerical framework to implement the model. We study second order discretization schemes for Monte Carlo simulation of the model. We also study efficient methods for pricing vanilla instruments such as swaptions and caplets. In particular, we investigate expansion techniques for prices and volatility of caplets and swaptions. The arguments that we use to obtain the expansion rely on an expansion of the infinitesimal generator with respect to a perturbation factor. Finally we have studied the calibration problem. As mentioned before, the idea of the model we study in this thesis is to keep the parameters of the model constant, and calibrate the values of the factors to fit the market. In particular, we need to calibrate the initial values (or the variations) of the Wishart-like process to fit the market, which introduces a positive semidefinite constraint in the optimization problem. Semidefinite programming (SDP) gives a natural framework to handle this constraint
Thieu, Le Quyen. "Inférence de modèles conditionnellement hétéroscédastiques avec variables exogènes." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066260/document.
Full textThis PhD Dissertation is dedicated to the study of probabilistic and statistical properties of volatility models augmented with exogenous variables. It consists of two parts which are summarized below. In the first part of this work, we study asymptotic behavior of the QMLE for the versatile class of the semi-strong PGARCH models augmented with exogenous variables. The main assumptions on the exogenous variables are the stationarity and the non-colinearity with the other explanatory variables of the volatility. For the asymptotic distribution of the QMLE, we investigated four different situations corresponding to strong or semi-strong models, and to parameters inside or at the boundary of the parameter space. When the GARCH-X parameter belongs to the interior of the parameter space, the asymptotic distribution of the QMLE is normal, whereas it is the projection of a normal distribution on a convex cone when one or several coefficients are equal to zero. For models with positive GARCH coefficients, the asymptotic distribution is obtained under very mild conditions, in particular, without any moment condition on the observed process. When the GARCH parameter stands at the boundary, fourth-order moment conditions are required for the information matrix to be finite. Our asymptotic results are obtained under conditions that are only marginally stronger than these optimal moment conditions, which extends and improves the results that existed for GARCH models without covariables. The second part is devoted to studying the influence of exogenous variables on the conditional covariance matrix of asset returns. Specifically, we consider BEKK models augmented with exogenous variables. The parameters are estimated by two methods which are called the variance targeting estimation and equation by equation estimation. Both methods allow us to reduce the curse of dimensionality which appears when modeling a conditional covariance matrix, particularly in the presence of exogenous variables. The consistency and the asymptotic distribution of these estimators are established under mild assumptions. In particular, the innovation is assumed to be a martingale difference instead of iid. Our results are illustrated by Monte Carlo experiences and the applications on real series
Karem, Abdessamad. "Contribution à l'économétrie financière." Caen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CAEN0608.
Full textSodjahin, Amos Aristide. "Risque de crédit et volatilité des spreads sur le marché de la dette privée en euro." Paris 9, 2011. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090006.
Full textThe credit risk on the bond market is characterized by the possible default of a counterparty, but also by changes in the spread following a perceived deterioration, by the market, of the credit quality of the issuer. This thesis focuses on credit spreads on corporate bond market in euros. Following the introductory chapter that presents some stylized facts that characterize the dynamic of credit spreads in this market, the rest of the thesis is organized in three empirical studies. The first study proposes a model of the conditional variance of spreads in a non-Gaussian setting. Within the GARCH family models, we discuss the choice of the conditional distribution of innovations that is able to account for the asymmetry and excess kurtosis observed. The model associated with skewed generalized error distribution (Skewed-GED) seems to characterize the dynamic of credit spreads and performs well in terms of out-of-sample volatility forecast. From the structural models of risky debt, the second study examines the influence of market conditions on credit spreads. Regardless of the financial situation of the bond issuer, risk premiums seem to depend on interest rates, the state of the stock market, the foreign exchange market and the liquidity of the securities. The third study is devoted to examining the effect of macroeconomic news on credit spreads. Investors seem to attach greater importance to the releases of American’s indicators. The spreads of riskier issuers are more affected, especially in times of crisis
Nguyen, Laurent. "Calibration de modèles financiers par minimisation d'entropie relative et modèles avec sauts." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005766.
Full textLa calibration de modèles financiers par minimisation de lentropie relative a été proposée récemment dans le cadre de la méthode de Monte Carlo. On a étudié la convergence et la stabilité de cette méthode et on a étendu les résultats à des critères plus généraux que lentropie relative. La prise en compte des contraintes sur le sous-jacent assurant labsence dopportunité darbitrage a été abordée sous langle dun problème de moments.
Dans la seconde partie, on a considéré un modèle simple du phénomène de krach en introduisant en particulier des sauts dans la volatilité du sous-jacent. On a calculé le risque quadratique et effectué un développement approché du smile utile pour la calibration.
Finalement, dans la troisième partie, on utilise lentropie relative pour calibrer lintensité des sauts dun modèle de diffusion avec sauts et volatilité locale. La stabilité de la méthode a été prouvée grâce à des techniques de contrôle optimal ainsi quau théorème des fonctions implicites.
Maurice, Stéphanie. "L'énigme de la prime de risque sur actions : une application au cas français." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT4001.
Full textThis thesis studies the impact of the equity premium puzzle with french statistical data. The standard C-CAPM model is presented in order to highlight the theoretical underpinning of the equity premium. Using the calibration method proposed by Mehra and Prescott (1985), we delineate the equity premium puzzle. Then, we consider this puzzle using two other methods : volatility bounds and log-linear C-CAPM. We apply the three methods to french data. First, some methodological points about the construction and the use of financial and consumption statistics are discussed. It is shown that the "equity premium puzzle" also pertains to France. We study the equity premium puzzle using a non-expected recursive utility function. After a presentation of the impact of a such model in the case of us, we examine its empirical relevance for France. Finally we explores the impact of habit formation on the equity premium puzzle. Theoretical and empirical implications of habit formation are considerer for the case of us. We restrict, for the french situation, the analysis to the case where habit formation is based on a ratio model
Diaw, Alassane Bocar. "Dynamique de l'indice CAC 40 et du contrat à terme dérivé à partir des données à haute fréquence." Nice, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NICE0031.
Full textThis work aims to study intraday dynamics of CAC 40 index futures and the underlying spot index. Theoretically, if the markets are linked by activity, futures prices should be equal to spot prices suggesting that information flows simultaneously in the two markets. However, the majority of the studies highlight the leading role of the futures markets, in price discovery, allotted to microstructure issues. The primary goal of this study is to quantify and study the stability of informational flows. We seek to determine whether, between microstructure bias and information volume, time interval is significant in the characterization of the returns and volatility dynamics. The bivariate analysis is based on an error correction model for the returns equation and an EGARCH model to capture the volatility spillover. The first has shown the predominance of the futures market in the price discovery process, specifically for short time intervals. The latter has highlighted high volatility clustering in the futures market and unidirectional transmission of information shocks to spot market, particularly at higher time intervals. The second goal is to explain futures market volatility clustering by the intensity of the activity and the information asymmetry based on volumes and prices proxies. The Autoregressive Conditional Duration (ACD) model has shown some predictability of the volatility clustering at the level of ultra-high frequencies (tick-data). However, the role of the information asymmetry in the futures market volatility seems, globally, negligible and non permanent. The use of mixed duration and conditional volatility models (ACD- GARCH) confirms these results. Therefore, the volatility in the French major index futures market shouldn’t be allotted to informed agents with private information, as documented by market microstructure literature in some foreign markets
Jerbi, Jacin. "Evaluation des options et gestion des risques financiers par les réseaux de neurones et par les modèles à volatilité stochastique." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00308623.
Full textneurones), en se basant sur deux bases d'options européennes, sur l'indice CAC 40, cotées sur le MONEP: la première base est une base intraday s'étalant du mois de janvier 1998 au mois de juin 1998 et la seconde est journalière s'étalant du mois de janvier1997 au mois de décembre 1999). Après traitement, ces bases sont découpées par contrats et par classes, selon la parité et la durée de vie résiduelle.
Sridi, Abir. "Méthodes Monte Carlo et modélisation du smile de volatilité dans un cadre multi-dimensionnel." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010069.
Full textMalongo, Elouaï Hassan. "Couverture du risque de volatilité et de corrélation dans un portefeuille." Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090005.
Full textThis work focuses on modeling the dynamics of volatilities and correlations between financial assets returns. After a literature review of univariate and multivariate GARCH-type models, the author establishes results for the existence and uniqueness of stationary solutions of dynamic correlations models (DCC model, Engle 2002). He then extends this class of models including instantaneous volatility and probability of regime changes in the dynamics of correlations. The new models are empirically evaluated on a MSCI portfolio. Formal tests have shown that some of these new specifications improve predictive power of the returns covariance matrix that would be useful in portfolio management. Finally, focusing now on the volatility risk, the author shows that hedging strategies of main European equity indices based on implied volatility indices (VIX, VSTOXX) are relevant and allow to both hedge and reduce the equity risk of a portfolio
Ané, Thierry. "Changement de temps, processus subordonnés et volatilité stochastique : une approche financière sur des données à haute fréquence." Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090027.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to validate mathematically the brilliant conjecture by Clark (1973) who chose the volume as the subordinating process t defining the economic time in which asset prices should be observed. Along the lines of the recent microstructure literature and using the tick by tick data, we show, in agreement with the recent empirical results by Jones, Kaul and Lipson (1994), that it is in fact the number of trades which defines the economic time. We prove that without any assumption on the distribution of the stochastic time t we recover normality for asset price returns when using the number of trades as the "stochastic clock". We extract from a tick by tick data base the empirical distribution of asset returns and use a parametric estimation procedure to compute the moments of the unknown distribution of the subordinator t. The moments of t coincide with the corresponding moments of the number of trades. Lastly, we explain how the issue of stochastic volatility can be embedded in the general framework of stochastic time changes and what it implies for option pricing and hedging. The effectiveness of implied versus historical volatility in forecasting the future volatility has recently been, with good reasons, the subject of scrutiny both among academics and practitioners. It is common practice to use implied volatility as the market's forecast of future volatility. S&P 500 options and futures prices are used to show that implied volatility is a poor forecast of the realized volatility. The use of subordinated processes can help to construct a good forecast of the realized volatility. Moreover, our time change as well as our volatility forecast highlights the role of the rate of information arrival proxied by the number of trades
Bétourné, Nathalie. "De l'existence d'une mémoire pour les rendements d'actions : le cas des titres du CAC 40." Littoral, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DUNK0066.
Full textThe volatility of securities is followed analytically on the financial markets by fractals theory introduced by Mandelbrot in 1950. This theory let determine the existence of the volatility long memory by introducing the R/S statistic (or "Hurst" exponent) defined by Lo (1991) and developped by Jacobsen (1996). The tests positive results attained on the analyse of the volatility do not concluded these obtained on the analyse of asset returns. We show indeed that the introduction of short term effect (autoregressiv models) in the statistic reduce the exponent value despite of the sample size : the long memory do not exist because of the short term-long term couple. The more transactions size is high the more the statistic value decrease : the sort term effect prevail on the long term effect ; the private and public information price depend on the investors strategic behavior of the session (the investors mimetism) function of the liquidity, the spread, the volume and the lead-lag effect criterias. An investor with an immediat reaction for speculation or liquid patterns lead a short term dependence of asser returns : their strategy depend on the evolution of past prices. We show that the short memory exist from an autoregressiv model modified GARCH introduced by Zumbach (1999). We can have a second approach of the short term effect from the duration between transaction prices and the volatility negativ correlation. We extend the modified GARCH(1,1) process of Zumbach by a mixed GARCH(1,1)-ACD process for getting account the duration factor. The results show that the asset returns short memory exist and the deviation of the errors estimations are lower with the mixed GARCH(1,1)-ACD process
Goulet, Clément. "Signal extractions with applications in finance." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E066.
Full textThe main objective of this PhD dissertation is to set up new signal extraction techniques with applications in Finance. In our setting, a signal is defined in two ways. In the framework of investement strategies, a signal is a function which generates buy/sell orders. In denoising theory, a signal, is a function disrupted by some noise, that we want to recover. A first part of this PhD studies historical volatility spillovers around corporate earning announcements. Notably, we study whether a move by one point in the announcer historical volatility in time t will generate a move by beta percents in time t+1. We find evidences of volatility spillovers and we study their intensity across variables such as : the announcement outcome, the surprise effect, the announcer capitalization, the market sentiment regarding the announcer, and other variables. We illustrate our finding by a volatility arbitrage strategy. The second part of the dissertation adapts denoising techniques coming from imagery : wavelets and total variation methods, to forms of noise observed in finance. A first paper proposes an denoising algorithm for a signal disrupted by a noise with a spatially varying standard-deviation. A financial application to volatility modelling is proposed. A second paper adapts the Bayesian representation of the Rudin, Osher and Fatemi approach to asymmetric and leptokurtic noises. A financial application is proposed to the denoising of intra-day stock prices in order to implement a pattern recognition trading strategy
Allaya, Mouhamad M. "Méthodes de Monte-Carlo EM et approximations particulaires : application à la calibration d'un modèle de volatilité stochastique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010072/document.
Full textThis thesis pursues a double perspective in the joint use of sequential Monte Carlo methods (SMC) and the Expectation-Maximization algorithm (EM) under hidden Markov models having a Markov dependence structure of order grater than one in the unobserved component signal. Firstly, we begin with a brief description of the theoretical basis of both statistical concepts through Chapters 1 and 2 that are devoted. In a second hand, we focus on the simultaneous implementation of both concepts in Chapter 3 in the usual setting where the dependence structure is of order 1. The contribution of SMC methods in this work lies in their ability to effectively approximate any bounded conditional functional in particular, those of filtering and smoothing quantities in a non-linear and non-Gaussian settings. The EM algorithm is itself motivated by the presence of both observable and unobservable ( or partially observed) variables in Hidden Markov Models and particularly the stochastic volatility models in study. Having presented the EM algorithm as well as the SMC methods and some of their properties in Chapters 1 and 2 respectively, we illustrate these two statistical tools through the calibration of a stochastic volatility model. This application is clone for exchange rates and for some stock indexes in Chapter 3. We conclude this chapter on a slight departure from canonical stochastic volatility model as well Monte Carlo simulations on the resulting model. Finally, we strive in Chapters 4 and 5 to provide the theoretical and practical foundation of sequential Monte Carlo methods extension including particle filtering and smoothing when the Markov structure is more pronounced. As an illustration, we give the example of a degenerate stochastic volatility model whose approximation has such a dependence property