Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modèles pluie-débit'
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Lardet, Pascal. "Prévision des crues : contribution à l'utilisation opérationnelle des modèles pluie-débit." Grenoble INPG, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPG0162.
Full textMouelhi, Safouane. "Vers une chaîne cohérente de modèles pluie-débit aux pas de temps pluriannue, annuel, mensuel et journalier." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005696.
Full textNous nous sommes intéressés dans ce travail de recherche, aux pas de temps pluriannuel, annuel et mensuel. Pour chaque échelle de temps, nous avons procédé à une étude comparative des modèles tirés de la littérature en les testant sur un échantillon de 429 bassins versants de caractéristiques hydro-climatiques très variables. Grâce à des allers-retours entre les pas de temps, nous avons largement amélioré les modèles disponibles pour chaque pas de temps. Ainsi nous avons pu proposer trois modèles conceptuels globaux aux pas de temps pluriannuel, annuel et mensuel. De plus, suite à une vue d'ensemble de ces trois pas de temps, en y ajoutant le pas de temps journalier, nous avons décelé une cohérence dans la présence d'un échange souterrain indiquant clairement qu'un bassin versant est un système qui est ouvert sur toutes les frontières et pas seulement sur celle avec l'atmosphère.
Emmanuel, Isabelle. "Evaluation de l'apport de la mesure de pluie par radar météorologique pour la modélisation pluie-débit de petits bassins versants." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00709754.
Full textMouelhi, Safouane. "Vers une chaîne cohérente de modèles pluie-débit conceptuels globaux aux pas de temps pluriannuel, annuel, mensuel et journalier." Paris, ENGREF, 2003. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005696.
Full textThe hydrologic literaure abounds in description of models with various temporal scale (from hourly to several years) that are applied on wide range of cathment sizes (from a few square meters to a few tens thousands of square kilometres). However, few authors have looked at the overall coherence of thse models developed at different time steps. The present thesis tries to answer an interesting question : Is it possible to see in this various time scales a mean to rationalize the corresponding modelling endeavours and obtain more efficient and more coherent models? Our work here, was mainly concerned with three time-steps: several years, one year and one month. For each time step we compared models from the literature, checking them against data from 429 basins featuring contrasting climatic conditions. Thanks to several going to and fro between those time steps, we greatly improved the models available for the three studies time steps. We proposed three lumped coneptual models for these three time. Considering a similar model developed for the daily time step, we could get an overall view of the modeling exercise for these four time steps and we found an abiding feature in all of them. This cammon only with the overlying atmosphere
Lerat, Julien. "Quels apports hydrologiques pour les modèles hydrauliques ? : vers un modèle intégré de simulation des crues." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00392240.
Full textUne méthode automatisée de découpage du bassin intermédiaire en sous-bassins a d'abord été élaborée afin de faciliter la construction du modèle hydrologique sur les 50 tronçons de rivière. Des tests de sensibilité ont été menés sur le nombre de sous-bassins, la nature uniforme ou distribuée des entrées de pluie et des paramètres du modèle hydrologique. Une configuration à 4 sous-bassins présentant des pluies et des paramètres uniformes s'est avérée la plus performante sur l'ensemble de l'échantillon.
Enfin, une méthode alternative de calcul des apports latéraux a été proposée utilisant une transposition du débit mesuré à l'amont et une combinaison avec le modèle hydrologique.
Le, Moine Nicolas. "Le bassin versant de surface vu par le souterrain : une voie d'amélioration des performances et du réalisme des modèles pluie-débit?" Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066468.
Full textMarchandise, Arthur. "Modélisation hydrologique distribuée sur le Gardon d'Anduze : étude comparative de différents modèles pluie-débit, extrapolation de la normale à l'extrême et tests d'hypothèses sur les processus hydrologiques." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20254.
Full textDezetter, Alain. "Modélisation globale de la relation pluie débit : application en zone de savanes soudanaises (Nord-Ouest de la Côte-d'Ivoire)." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20173.
Full textNalbantis, Ioannis. "Identification de modèles pluie-débit du type hydrogramme unitaire : développements de la méthode DPFT et validation sur données générées avec et sans erreur." Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPG0119.
Full textWendling, Jacques. "Modélisation pluie-débit en zone méditerranéenne : comparaison d'approches globaels/distribuées, conceptuelles/physico-déterministes : essai de prise en compte de la variabilité spatiale des pluies (application au bassin versant du Réal Collobrier)." Grenoble INPG, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPG0012.
Full textMichon, Timothée. "Extension du potentiel de la modélisation hydrologique. : inversions heuristiques de modèles pluie-débit pour l'identification des paramètres simultanément aux pluies ou à la courbe de tarage." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAA005/document.
Full textRainfall-runoff models are used for flood forecasting by warning authorities. However their implementation on a particular territory is still a challenge. Indeed, they generally need to be calibrated by using observed rainfall and discharge time series. These data may be subject to errors and uncertainties. They are not always available. Then, the model calibration relevancy may be affected and the forecasts may also be subject to significant uncertainties. This research would like to address such issues related to the rainfall-runoff models calibration, by proposing original methods which may set up a model by using less data than the ``classical'' calibration. The unused data might be either subject to uncertainties or not available. Moreover, these unused data may be estimated by the methods. Two model independant approach were suggested. Both are an heuristic inversion algorithm of rainfall-runoff models. The first method estimates simultaneously hourly rainfall time series and models parameters, by using only observed hourly discharge time series and total areal rainfall of flood events. A specific application of this method to set up models (with fixed parameters), generalises to models which are not invertible analyticaly, the ``hydrology backward'' approach proposed by Kirchner (2009).The second method estimates simultaneously models parameters and a rating-curve, by using only observed hourly rainfall and stage time series. Original analysis may be performed on the rainfall time series and the rating-curve estimated by the methods. Also, they extend the applicability rainfall-runoff models to hydrological context with restricted available data and offer promising operational applications. Yet, this research lead us to build a conceptual framework, denoted knowledge space. This framework unifies not only the original approaches which were proposed, but also some more ``classical'' approaches to hydrology as the calibration and the simulation
Drogue, Gilles. "Apports de l'information historique et des outils de modélisation à l'étude de l'évolution passée et future du climat et de la relation pluie-débit au Grand-Duché de Luxembourg." Strasbourg 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR1GEO1.
Full textTime analysis of hydrological cycle components is of prime interest, our environment being subjected to climate change since few decades. In this context, trends in major hydro-climatic variables (rainfall, snow cover, air temperature, sunshine duration and water levels) were analysed at different time and spatial scales. This first working step is prolonged with application of future climate scenarios to rainfall-runoff modelling, in order to predict possible evolutions of hydrological reponse of main tributaries of the Alzette river (Grand Duchy of Luxembourg), in the middle of the current century (2050s). After a data quality checking of the hydro-climatic database, the secular analysis of regional climate demonstrates a succession of two climatic oscillations since the middle of the nineteenth century, influencing the hydrological regime of the main rivers flowing in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. During the last five decades, opposite trends between winter rainfall regime and summer rainfall regime could be found. The magnitude of trends is determined by atmosphere-topography interactions. In the same period, climate warming is confirmed, with an altitudinal dependancy in some seasons and an increase of diurnal temperature range in most seasons. As a result of temperature increase, snow cover has decreased on regional scale in the 1990s, but without general recessive trend before. Sunshine duration series exhibit significantly decreasing trend in spring and autumn and indicate cloudless conditions in summer. These climate trends could be related to synoptic atmospheric forcing evolution. Analysis of water level time series in the second half of the 20th century shows a stronger response to changes in climatic regime of winter high water levels, also conditonned by elevation of river basins
Andréassian, Vazken. "Impact de l'évolution du couvert forestier sur le comportement hydrologique des bassins versants." Paris 6, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA066012.
Full textNguyen, Quoc Son. "Application du modèle distribué événementiel SCS-LR pour la prévision des crues méditerranéennes : performances du modèle et variabilité spatiale des paramètres." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTG019/document.
Full textRainfall-runoff models are essential tools for many hydrological applications, including flood forecasting. The purpose of this thesis was to examine the performances of a distributed event model for reproducing the Mediterranean floods. This model reduces the parametrization of the processes to the flood period, and estimates the saturation of the catchment at the beginning of the event with an external predictor, which is easily observable or available. Such predictor avoids modelling the inter-flood phase and simplifies the parametrization and the calibration of the model. The selected model combines a distributed SCS production function and a Lag and Route transfer function, applied to a discretization of the basin in a grid of regular square meshes.The model was first tested on the Real Collobrier watershed. This Mediterranean basin has been monitored by IRSTEA for more than 50 years and has an exceptional density of rainfall and flow measurements. This favourable environment made it possible to reduce the uncertainties on the rainfall input and to evaluate the actual performances of the model. In such conditions, the floods were correctly simulated by using constant parameters for all the events, but the initial condition of the event-based model. This latter was highly correlated to predictors such as the base flow or the soil water content w2 simulated by the SIM model of Meteo-France. The model was then applied by reducing the density of the rain gauges, showing loss of accuracy of the model and biases in the model parameters for lower densities, which are representative of most of the catchments.The spatial variability of the model parameters was then studied in different Real Collobrier sub-basins. The comparison made it possible to highlight and correct the scale effect concerning one of the parameters of the transfer function. The catchment saturation predictors and the initial condition of the model were still highly correlated, but the relationships differed from some sub-catchments. Finally, the spatial variability of the model parameters was studied for other larger Mediterranean catchments, of which area ranged from some tenth to hundreds of square kilometres. Once more, the model could be efficiently initialized by the base flow and the water content w2, but significant differences were found from a catchment to another. Such differences could be explained by uncertainties affecting as well the rainfall estimation as the selected predictors. However, the relationships between the initial condition of the model and the water content w2 were close together for a given type of catchment.In conclusion, this distributed event model represents an excellent compromise between performance and ease of implementation. The performances are satisfactory for a given catchment or a given type of catchment. The transposition of the model to ungauged catchment is less satisfactory, and other catchment saturation indicators need to be tested, e.g. in situ measurements or satellite measurements of soil moisture
Kouame, Brou. "Adéquation de différents modèles globaux pluie-débit pour déterminer les apports en eau dans les zones de transition et de forêt de la Côte - d'Ivoire : essai de régionalisation des paramètres." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20249.
Full textCoustau, Mathieu. "Contribution à la prévision des crues sur le bassin du Lez : modélisation de la relation pluie-débit en zone karstique et impact de l'assimilation de débits." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20229/document.
Full textThe sometimes devastating flash floods which affect the Mediterranean watersheds of the South of France are difficult to anticipate. Flood forecasting requires the use of rainfall-runoff models which are limited in their efficiency by uncertainty related to the spatial variability of Mediterranean rainfall and the characterization of the initial hydric state of the system. In karstic catchments, these uncertainties are added to those due to aquifer dynamics and their role in flood genesis. The first part of this work will present a distributed event-based parsimonious hourly rainfall-runoff model in order to reconstruct flash flood events at the outlet of the 114 km2 Lez Catchment (Montpellier). The model is evaluated not only for the quality of the simulations produced, but for the quality of its parameter initialization obtained using a relationship between the initial condition and various hydric state indicators of the system. Calibrated using 21 flood episodes, the model produces satisfactory simulations and its initial condition is significantly correlated with the Hu2 soil humidity index of the Météo-France model or piezometers measuring the Lez aquifer. Radar rainfall data measured in early fall are of good quality and lead to improved discharge simulations and an improved estimation of the model initial condition. However, rainfall measured by radar in late fall are of poor quality and do not improve the simulations. Confronted with the uncertainty related to model parametrization or the estimation of radar rainfall, the second part of this dissertation analyzes improvements achieved by assimilating observed discharge measurements in order to perform real-time corrections to the most sensitive model parameters and notably the initial condition and the radar rainfall input to the model. The data assimilation procedure was implemented with the help of the PALM coupling software which allows for the linking of the hydrological model with the assimilation algorithm. Correcting the initial condition allowed for, on average, the improvement of forecasting (under a known future rainfall hypothesis); correcting the rainfall had similar effects. Nevertheless, the limits of this approach are reached when the model is unable to satisfactorily reproduce the rising limb of the hydrograph, a problem which may be addressed by future research. Finally, this body of work demonstrates that the complexity of a karstic catchment can be efficiently represented with a reduced number of parameters in order to simulate discharges and contribute to the improvement of operational tools for flood forecasting
Sempere, Torres Daniel. "Calcul de la lame ruisselée dans la modélisation pluie-débit : limitations des approches globales et introduction simplifiée de la topographie et de la variabilité spatiale des pluies : applications aux bassins versants du Gardon d'Anduze et du Réal Collobrier." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1990. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00694027.
Full textPerrin, Charles. "Vers une amélioration d'un modèle global pluie-débit." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006216.
Full textKreis, Nicolas. "Modélisation des crues des rivières de moyenne montagne pour la gestion intégrée du risque d'inondation : application à la vallée de la Thur (Haut-Rhin)." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001251.
Full textLeviandier, Thierry. "Modélisation Pluie-débit Durée Fréquence." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00360116.
Full textUne première partie traite de l'aspect spatial des transferts, visant à exprimer sous une forme très synthétique la structure arborescente du réseau hydrographique. Elle suffit à transcrire des effets d'échelle et les grands contrastes internes au bassin versant concernant la fonction de production, ce qui asseoit une méthode de régionalisation efficace. Une variante plus réaliste dans la représentation de l'hydraulique permet de représenter l'atténuation hydraulique au sein d'un bassin versant.
La modélisation stochastique de la pluie (CECP) procède par désagrégation de la pluie totale d'un épisode en sous épisodes. Cette décomposition \textit{quantité} x \textit{forme} permet d'utiliser des fonctions monotones à forme donnée, et donc d'inverser le modèle ou de calculer facilement des probabilités conditionnelles, opérations généralement impossibles avec d'autres modèles. Le modèle n'est donc pas restreint à une utilisation en simulation, mais permet un calcul explicite (numérique) des fréquences rares.
Les probabilités conditionnelles se révèlent par ailleurs une représentation conjointe des aspects dynamiques et probabilistes que l'on propose d'appeler modèle pluie-débit-durée-fréquence, et qui manifeste l'existence de durées critiques dépendantes de la fréquence. On propose par ailleurs une formulation approchée, sous forme de loi dérivée, c'est à dire une distribution de probabilité dont les paramètres sont les paramètres de la transformation pluie-debit.
Pour estimer ce modèle dans des conditions variées de disponibilité de l'information, on propose d'utiliser l'information de Kullback-Leibler, avec une adaptation pour les valeurs extrêmes.
Moulin, Laetitia. "Prévision des crues rapides avec des modèles hydrologiques globaux. Applications aux bassins opérationnels de la Loire supérieure : évaluation des modélisations, prise en compte des incertitudes sur les précipitations moyennes spatiales et utilisation de prévisions météorologiques." Phd thesis, AgroParisTech, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00368262.
Full textAprès une description du bassin à Bas-en-Basset, l'analyse critique des jeux de données disponibles met en évidence leur richesse, mais aussi leurs défauts. La grande variété des événements hydrométéorologiques touchant ces bassins apparaît particulièrement intéressante pour comparer des modèles hydrologiques.
Des modèles conceptuels simples sont apparus plus robustes et souvent plus performants que des modèles statistiques ou des réseaux de neurones artificiels. Des critères spécifiques à la prévision des crues mettent en évidence les informations sur l'évolution immédiate des débits apportées par la transformation de la pluie en débit, même si les erreurs de modélisation restent importantes et finalement proches d'un modèle à l'autre.
Un effort particulier a été porté sur l'estimation par krigeage des précipitations moyennes spatiales, pour lesquelles un modèle d'erreur est proposé et validé sur les données. Ces incertitudes, propagées dans les modèles pluie-débit, contribuent, selon la taille des bassins, à une part variable de l'erreur totale de modélisation.
Enfin un travail exploratoire a montré l'intérêt d'inclure des prévisions de pluies probabilisées dans une chaîne hydrométéorologique, pour augmenter les délais d'anticipation et prendre en compte les incertitudes associées. Toutefois, la disponibilité de ces prévisions impose des traitements préalables à leur utilisation.
Il ressort que des outils simples peuvent laisser envisager des améliorations dans ce domaine encore très perfectible de la prévision des crues.
Fouchier, Catherine. "Développement d'une méthodologie pour la connaissance régionale des crues." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20226/document.
Full textWe address the routing of distributed hydrological information to the outlet of watersheds, in the fields of flood forecasting and flood prediction on ungauged watersheds in the French Mediterranean area.Flood forecasting can benefit of areal rainfall data provided in real-time by radar networks. This data used as an input to rainfall runoff models gives access to flood anticipation on small ungauged watersheds. Within the framework of the AIGA method, developed by CEMAGREF to provide floods alert, a rainfall-runoff model is implemented at the spatial resolution of the radar data, thus providing a map of the 1 km² pixel contributions to the runoff at the catchment outlet.Flood prediction consists of assessing the frequency of occurrence of floods of different given magnitude without reference to the times at which they would occur. The SHYREG flood prediction method, developed by Cemagref associates a regionalized rainfall model with a rainfall-runoff model. It provides grids of statistical estimates of rain and runoff for various duration and return periods. Our purpose is to study and work out simple methodologies to aggregate these two gridded hydrological data - real time information for the AIGA forecasting method and statistical data for the SHYREG prediction method to the catchments outlets. Our methodology implements distributed information and a rainfall-runoff model. We have first studied the behaviour of a simple rainfall-runoff model developed to be implemented in a gridded resolution (1 km² cells) for prediction as well as for forecasting purposes. We have checked that the model parameters show no redundancy and no link with the characteristics of the rainfall events. We have then addressed the question of the aggregation of gridded hydrological data. Within the SHYREG method, it consists of assessing statistical flow estimates at catchments outlets, knowing simulated flow distributions in each cell of the catchments. This aggregation would combine two distinct hydrological phenomena: areal reduction of rainfall and discharge attenuation in the channel network. Within the AIGA method, we have focused on the routing function of the rainfall-runoff model at the 1 km² cell scale, this scale being the first step of the runoff routing from the production area to the outlet of the catchment. We have then produced streamflow hindcasts for selected observed events using different routing function, within our rainfall-runoff model
Rakem, Yasmina. "Analyse critique et reformulation mathématique d'un modèle pluie-débit (GR4)." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENPC9937.
Full textOudin, Ludovic. "Recherche d'un modèle d'évapotranspiration potentielle pertinent comme entrée d'un modèle pluie-débit global." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2004. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00000931.
Full textFicchí, Andrea. "An adaptive hydrological model for multiple time-steps : diagnostics and improvements based on fluxes consistency." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2017PA066097.pdf.
Full textThis thesis aims at exploring the question of temporal scaling in lumped conceptual hydrological modelling. The main objectives of the thesis are to: (i) study the effects of varying the modelling time step on the performance, parameters and structure of hydrological models; (ii) develop a hydrological model operating at different time steps, from daily to sub-hourly, through a unified, robust and coherent modelling framework at different time scales. Our starting point is the chain of conceptual rainfall-runoff models called ‘GR’, developed at Irstea, and in particular the daily ‘GR4J’ lumped model. The GR4J model will be the baseline model to be effectively downscaled up to sub-hourly time steps following a top-down approach. An hourly adaptation of this model had already been proposed in previous research studies, but some questions on the optimality of the structure at sub-daily time steps were still open. This thesis builds on these previous studies on the hourly model and responds to the operational expectations of improving and adapting the model at multiple sub-daily and sub-hourly time steps, which is particularly interesting for flood forecasting applications. For our modelling tests, we built a database of 240 unregulated catchments in metropolitan France, at multiple time steps, from 6-minute to 1 day, using fine time step hydro-climatic datasets available: (i) 6-min rain gauges and higher spatial-density daily reanalysis data for precipitation; (ii) daily temperature data for potential evapotranspiration (making assumptions on sub-daily patterns); (iii) sub-hourly variable time step streamflow data. We investigated the impact of the inputs temporal distribution on model outputs and performance in a flood simulation perspective based on 2400 selected flood events. Then our model evaluation focused on the consistency of model internal fluxes at different time steps, in order to ensure obtaining a satisfactory model performance by a coherent model functioning at multiple time steps. Our model diagnosis led us to identify and test a significant improvement of the model structure at sub-daily time steps based on the complexification of the interception component of the model. Thus, we propose a new version of the model at multiple sub-daily time steps, with the addition of an interception store without extra free parameters. Our tests also confirm the suitability at multiple time steps of a modified groundwater exchange function proposed earlier, leading to overall improved model accuracy and coherence
Payan, Jean-Luc. "Prise en compte de barrages-réservoirs dans un modèle global pluie-débit." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003555.
Full textTangara, Mamoutou. "Nouvelle méthode de prévision de crue utilisant un modèle pluie-débit global." Paris, EPHE, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EPHEA002.
Full textRuelland, Denis. "Méthodes d’intégration de l’information géographique dans la modélisation des hydrosystèmes." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20180.
Full textTo meet the needs for water resources management, hydrological sciences ought to develop tools able to forecast the effects of constraints (climate, land-use, water policy) on hydrological variables (discharge, water quality). As water management is necessarily performed at the level of regional catchments, these tools need to be developed at such scales, while taking into account explicitly the spatial distribution and the temporal variability of involved phenomena. The question is investigated through the synthesis of experiments in river systems modelling. These experiences make it possible to suggest methods and techniques for integrating geographical information and leading to their consistent use in hydrological terms. Examples of applications in various geographical contexts and on different levels of scales are put forward: (i) modelling of the transfer of point and diffuse pollutions in a large man-shaped basin in a temperate environment (basin of the Seine River, France); (ii) modelling of the transfer of agricultural pollutions in a rural basin in a temperate environment (basin of the Moine River, France); (iii) modelling of the rainfall-runoff relationship in a large Sudano-Sahelian catchment (basin of the Bani River, Mali). These experiments are followed by reflections on specificities of such approaches, the requirements of their implementation and the changes of paradigms which they can involve in hydrological research
Edijatno. "Mise au point d'un modèle élémentaire pluie - débit au pas de temps journalier." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR13234.
Full textLobligeois, Florent. "Mieux connaître la distribution spatiale des pluies améliore-t-il la modélisation des crues ? Diagnostic sur 181 bassins versants français." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGPT0013/document.
Full textHydrologic models are essential tools to compute the catchment rainfall-runoff response required for river management and flood forecast purposes. Precipitation dominates the high frequency hydrological response, and its simulation is thus dependent on the way rainfall is represented. In this context, the sensitivity of runoff hydrographs to the spatial variability of forcing data is a major concern of researchers. However, results from the abundant literature are contrasted and it is still difficult to reach a clear consensus.Weather radar is considered to be helpful for hydrological forecasting since it provides rainfall estimates with high temporal and spatial resolution. However, it has long been shown that quantitative errors inherent to the radar rainfall estimates greatly affect rainfall-runoff simulations. As a result, the benefit from improved spatial resolution of rainfall estimates is often limited for hydrological applications compared to the use of traditional ground networks.Recently, Météo-France developed a rainfall reanalysis over France at the hourly time step over a 10-year period combining radar data and raingauge measurements: weather radar data were corrected and adjusted with both hourly and daily raingauge data. Here we propose a framework to evaluate the improvement in streamflow simulation gained by using this new high resolution product.First, a model able to cope with different spatial resolutions, from lumped to semi-distributed, was developed and validated. Second, the impact of spatial rainfall resolution input on streamflow simulation was investigated. Then, the usefulness of spatial radar data measurements for rainfall estimates was compared with an exclusive use of ground raingauge measurements and evaluated through hydrological modelling in terms of streamflow simulation improvements. Finally, semi-distributed modelling with the TGR model was performed for flood forecasting and compared with the lumped forecasting GRP model currently in use in the French flood forecast services. The originality of our work is that it is based on actual measurements from a large set of 181 French catchments representing a variety of size and climate conditions, which allows to draw reliable conclusions
Riad, Souad. "Typologie et analyse hydrologique des eaux superficielles à partir de quelques bassins versants représentatifs du Maroc." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-Riad.pdf.
Full textChkir, Najiba. "Mise au point d'un modèle hydrologique conceptuel intégrant l'état hydrique du sol dans la modélisation pluie-débit." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00520737.
Full textArdoin-Bardin, Sandra. "Variabilité hydroclimatique et impacts sur les ressources en eau de grands bassins hydrographiques en zone soudano-sahélienne." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00568025.
Full textLoumagne, Cécile. "Prise en compte d'un indice de l'état hydrique du sol dans la modélisation pluie-débit." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112283.
Full textDe, Oliveira Nascimento Nilo. "Appréciation à l'aide d'un modèle empirique des effets d'actions anthropiques sur la relation pluie-débit à l'échelle d'un bassin versant." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1995. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00569059.
Full textOliveira, Nascimento Nilo. "Appréciation à l'aide d'un modèle empirique des effets d'actions anthropiques sur la relation pluie-débit à l'échelle d'un bassin versant." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENPC9526.
Full textBoukhris, Anass. "Identification de systèmes non linéaires par une approche multi-modèle : application à la modélisation de la relation pluie-débit pour le diagnostic de fonctionnement de capteur." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL060N.
Full textMathematical models are often required for process control, behaviour prediction, fault diagnosis, estimation of unmeasurable variables and improving understanding of system behaviour. Many real processes involve many variables, are non-linear and vary over time. Moreover, for such systems, knowledge of the underlying physical phenomena is often incomplete and modelling has to be performed from observed date. Variousmodelling and identification techniques based on fuzzy logic and neural networkds have been developed for non-linear dynamic systems. In this thesis, the multi-model approach has been investigated. Different aspects of parameter estimation and structure identification of a quasi-linear multi-model are addressed. The proposed approach has been applied for modelling the rainfall-runoff relationship on urban watersheds located in Nancy. Actual rainfall and runoff data have been extracted from the database of metropolitan authority sewer control centre. The obtained models have then been implemented into fault detection and isolation procedures of sensors involved in the sewer network management, namely, tipping-bucket rain gauges and water level gauges
Lang, Claire. "Étiages et tarissements : vers quelles modélisations ? L'approche conceptuelle et l'analyse statistique en réponse à la diversité spatiale des écoulements en étiage des cours d'eau de l'Est français." Phd thesis, Université de Metz, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00534656.
Full textFleury, Perrine. "Sources sous-marines et aquifères karstiques côtiers méditerranéens : Fonctionnement et caractérisation." Paris 6, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789234.
Full textFleury, Perrine. "SOURCES SOUS-MARINES ET AQUIFERES KARSTIQUES CÔTIERS MEDITERRANEENS. FONCTIONNEMENT ET CARACTERISATION." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00789234.
Full textRoux, Christian. "Analyse des précipitations en hydrologie urbaine - Exemple de la Seine-Saint-Denis." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529474.
Full textBelhadj, Naoufel. "Variations par temps de pluie des débits dans les réseaux d'eaux usées de type séparatif : identification des composantes et modélisation des infiltrations." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529364.
Full textFicchi, Andrea. "An adaptive hydrological model for multiple time-steps : diagnostics and improvements based on fluxes consistency." Thesis, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066097/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at exploring the question of temporal scaling in lumped conceptual hydrological modelling. The main objectives of the thesis are to: (i) study the effects of varying the modelling time step on the performance, parameters and structure of hydrological models; (ii) develop a hydrological model operating at different time steps, from daily to sub-hourly, through a unified, robust and coherent modelling framework at different time scales. Our starting point is the chain of conceptual rainfall-runoff models called ‘GR’, developed at Irstea, and in particular the daily ‘GR4J’ lumped model. The GR4J model will be the baseline model to be effectively downscaled up to sub-hourly time steps following a top-down approach. An hourly adaptation of this model had already been proposed in previous research studies, but some questions on the optimality of the structure at sub-daily time steps were still open. This thesis builds on these previous studies on the hourly model and responds to the operational expectations of improving and adapting the model at multiple sub-daily and sub-hourly time steps, which is particularly interesting for flood forecasting applications. For our modelling tests, we built a database of 240 unregulated catchments in metropolitan France, at multiple time steps, from 6-minute to 1 day, using fine time step hydro-climatic datasets available: (i) 6-min rain gauges and higher spatial-density daily reanalysis data for precipitation; (ii) daily temperature data for potential evapotranspiration (making assumptions on sub-daily patterns); (iii) sub-hourly variable time step streamflow data. We investigated the impact of the inputs temporal distribution on model outputs and performance in a flood simulation perspective based on 2400 selected flood events. Then our model evaluation focused on the consistency of model internal fluxes at different time steps, in order to ensure obtaining a satisfactory model performance by a coherent model functioning at multiple time steps. Our model diagnosis led us to identify and test a significant improvement of the model structure at sub-daily time steps based on the complexification of the interception component of the model. Thus, we propose a new version of the model at multiple sub-daily time steps, with the addition of an interception store without extra free parameters. Our tests also confirm the suitability at multiple time steps of a modified groundwater exchange function proposed earlier, leading to overall improved model accuracy and coherence
Yang, Xiaoliu. "Mise au point d'une méthode d'utilisation d'un modèle pluie-débit conceptuel pour la prévision des crues en temps réel." Phd thesis, 1993. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00574117.
Full textNeyret-Gigot, Jean Marc. "Analyse de la variabilité de la fonction de transfert d'un bassin versant et développement d'un modèle conceptuel faiblement paramétré, le modèle Storhy : application au bassin du Réal Collobrier." Phd thesis, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00801899.
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