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Journal articles on the topic 'Modeling of glottal pulse'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

van Dinther, R., R. Veldhuis, and A. Kohlrausch. "Perceptual aspects of glottal-pulse parameter variations." Speech Communication 46, no. 1 (May 2005): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2005.01.005.

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2

van Dinther, R., A. Kohlrausch, and R. Veldhuis. "A method for analysing the perceptual relevance of glottal-pulse parameter variations." Speech Communication 42, no. 2 (February 2004): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2003.07.002.

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3

Van Soom, Marnix, and Bart de Boer. "Detrending the Waveforms of Steady-State Vowels." Entropy 22, no. 3 (March 13, 2020): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22030331.

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Steady-state vowels are vowels that are uttered with a momentarily fixed vocal tract configuration and with steady vibration of the vocal folds. In this steady-state, the vowel waveform appears as a quasi-periodic string of elementary units called pitch periods. Humans perceive this quasi-periodic regularity as a definite pitch. Likewise, so-called pitch-synchronous methods exploit this regularity by using the duration of the pitch periods as a natural time scale for their analysis. In this work, we present a simple pitch-synchronous method using a Bayesian approach for estimating formants that slightly generalizes the basic approach of modeling the pitch periods as a superposition of decaying sinusoids, one for each vowel formant, by explicitly taking into account the additional low-frequency content in the waveform which arises not from formants but rather from the glottal pulse. We model this low-frequency content in the time domain as a polynomial trend function that is added to the decaying sinusoids. The problem then reduces to a rather familiar one in macroeconomics: estimate the cycles (our decaying sinusoids) independently from the trend (our polynomial trend function); in other words, detrend the waveform of steady-state waveforms. We show how to do this efficiently.

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4

Kametani, Jun. "Speaker recognition with glottal pulse‐shapes." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 94, no. 5 (November 1993): 3042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.407291.

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5

Skoglund, Jan. "Analysis and quantization of glottal pulse shapes." Speech Communication 24, no. 2 (May 1998): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6393(98)00008-9.

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6

Verneuil, Andrew, Bruce R. Gerratt, David A. Berry, Ming Ye, Jody Kreiman, and Gerald S. Berke. "Modeling Measured Glottal Volume Velocity Waveforms." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 112, no. 2 (February 2003): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940311200204.

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The source-filter theory of speech production describes a glottal energy source (volume velocity waveform) that is filtered by the vocal tract and radiates from the mouth as phonation. The characteristics of the volume velocity waveform, the source that drives phonation, have been estimated, but never directly measured at the glottis. To accomplish this measurement, constant temperature anemometer probes were used in an in vivo canine constant pressure model of phonation. A 3-probe array was positioned supraglottically, and an endoscopic camera was positioned subglottically. Simultaneous recordings of airflow velocity (using anemometry) and glottal area (using stroboscopy) were made in 3 animals. Glottal airflow velocities and areas were combined to produce direct measurements of glottal volume velocity waveforms. The anterior and middle parts of the glottis contributed significantly to the volume velocity waveform, with less contribution from the posterior part of the glottis. The measured volume velocity waveforms were successfully fitted to a well-known laryngeal airflow model. A noninvasive measured volume velocity waveform holds promise for future clinical use.

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7

Childers, D. G. "Glottal source modeling for voice conversion." Speech Communication 16, no. 2 (February 1995): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6393(94)00050-k.

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8

Lobo, Arthur P., and William A. Ainsworth. "Evaluation of a glottal ARMA modeling scheme." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 86, S1 (November 1989): S76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2027641.

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9

Scherer, Ronald, Brittany Frazer, and Guangnian Zhai. "Modeling flow through the posterior glottal gap." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 133, no. 5 (May 2013): 3602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4806675.

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10

Cranen, B. "Simultaneous modeling of EGG, PGG, and glottal flow." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 84, S1 (November 1988): S82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2026503.

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11

Lucena, Alexandre M., Mario Minami, and Miguel A. Ramirez. "Reconstruction of the glottal pulse using a subband technique on kazoo recordings." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 144, no. 3 (September 2018): 1908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5068364.

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12

Childers, D. G., and Chieteuk Ahn. "Modeling the glottal volume‐velocity waveform for three voice types." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 97, no. 1 (January 1995): 505–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.412276.

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13

Andrade-Miranda, Gustavo, and Juan Ignacio Godino-Llorente. "Glottal Gap tracking by a continuous background modeling using inpainting." Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing 55, no. 12 (May 27, 2017): 2123–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11517-017-1652-8.

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14

Galindo, Gabriel E., Sean D. Peterson, Byron D. Erath, Christian Castro, Robert E. Hillman, and Matías Zañartu. "Modeling the Pathophysiology of Phonotraumatic Vocal Hyperfunction With a Triangular Glottal Model of the Vocal Folds." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 60, no. 9 (September 18, 2017): 2452–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2017_jslhr-s-16-0412.

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Purpose Our goal was to test prevailing assumptions about the underlying biomechanical and aeroacoustic mechanisms associated with phonotraumatic lesions of the vocal folds using a numerical lumped-element model of voice production. Method A numerical model with a triangular glottis, posterior glottal opening, and arytenoid posturing is proposed. Normal voice is altered by introducing various prephonatory configurations. Potential compensatory mechanisms (increased subglottal pressure, muscle activation, and supraglottal constriction) are adjusted to restore an acoustic target output through a control loop that mimics a simplified version of auditory feedback. Results The degree of incomplete glottal closure in both the membranous and posterior portions of the folds consistently leads to a reduction in sound pressure level, fundamental frequency, harmonic richness, and harmonics-to-noise ratio. The compensatory mechanisms lead to significantly increased vocal-fold collision forces, maximum flow-declination rate, and amplitude of unsteady flow, without significantly altering the acoustic output. Conclusion Modeling provided potentially important insights into the pathophysiology of phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction by demonstrating that compensatory mechanisms can counteract deterioration in the voice acoustic signal due to incomplete glottal closure, but this also leads to high vocal-fold collision forces (reflected in aerodynamic measures), which significantly increases the risk of developing phonotrauma.

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15

Reix, Philippe, Julie Arsenault, Valérie Dôme, Pierre-Hugues Fortier, Joëlle Rouillard Lafond, François Moreau-Bussière, Dominique Dorion, and Jean-Paul Praud. "Active glottal closure during central apneas limits oxygen desaturation in premature lambs." Journal of Applied Physiology 94, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 1949–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00783.2002.

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Our laboratory previously reported that active glottal closure was present in 90% of spontaneous central apneas in premature lambs while maintaining a high-apneic lung volume (Renolleau S, Letourneau P, Niyonsenga T, and Praud JP. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159: 1396–1404, 1999.) The present study aimed at testing whether this mechanism limits postapnea oxygen desaturation. Four premature lambs were instrumented for recording states of alertness, thyroarytenoid muscle and diaphragm electromyographic (EMG) activity, nasal airflow, lung volume changes, and pulse oximetry. One thousand four hundred fifty-two spontaneous central apneas (isolated or during periodic breathing) were analyzed in nonsedated lambs. Apneas, with high lung volume maintained by active glottal closure, were compared with apneas, with a tracheostomy opened at apnea onset. Oxygen desaturation slopes were lower when high-apneic lung volume was actively maintained during both wakefulness and quiet sleep. Furthermore, oxygen desaturation slopes were lower after isolated apneas with continuous thyroarytenoid EMG during wakefulness, compared with apneas with noncontinuous thyroarytenoid EMG (= glottis opened shortly after apnea onset). These results highlight the importance of maintaining high-alveolar oxygen stores during central apneas by active glottal closure to limit desaturation in newborns.

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16

Zañartu, Matías, Byron D. Erath, Sean D. Peterson, Robert E. Hillman, and George R. Wodicka. "Modeling incomplete glottal closure due to a posterior glottal opening and its effects on the dynamics of the vocal folds." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 133, no. 5 (May 2013): 3601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4806674.

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17

Bickley, C. A., and K. N. Stevens. "Modeling study of influences of vocal‐tract configurations on glottal behavior." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 77, S1 (April 1985): S86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2022561.

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18

Aoki, Naofumi, and Tohru Ifukube. "Fractal modeling of a glottal waveform for high‐quality speech synthesis." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 103, no. 5 (May 1998): 2775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.421416.

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19

Zedel, L. "Modeling Pulse-to-Pulse Coherent Doppler Sonar." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 25, no. 10 (October 1, 2008): 1834–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jtecho585.1.

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Abstract Coherent Doppler sonar provides a powerful tool for probing boundary layer flows under field and laboratory conditions. However, velocity profiling applications of this technique are complicated by characteristic velocity and range ambiguities. Proper implementation for any application requires careful design so that performance can be accurately predicted. In this paper, a computer model capable of simulating coherent Doppler operation is presented. The point scatterer model operates in three dimensions and accommodates bistatic transducer geometries. Excellent agreement is demonstrated between model simulations and laboratory trials. Some simple model applications are presented. The model has been developed for profiling applications but is equally suited to modeling point measurement acoustic Doppler velocimeters.

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20

Plumpe, M. D., T. F. Quatieri, and D. A. Reynolds. "Modeling of the glottal flow derivative waveform with application to speaker identification." IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing 7, no. 5 (1999): 569–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/89.784109.

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21

Parsa, Vijay, and Donald G. Jamieson. "Identification of Pathological Voices Using Glottal Noise Measures." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 43, no. 2 (April 2000): 469–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4302.469.

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We investigated the abilities of four fundamental frequency (F 0 )-dependent and two F 0 -independent measures to quantify vocal noise. Two of the F 0 -dependent measures were computed in the time domain, and two were computed using spectral information from the vowel. The F 0 -independent measures were based on the linear prediction (LP) modeling of vowel samples. Tests using a database of sustained vowel samples, collected from 53 normal and 175 pathological talkers, showed that measures based on the LP model were much superior to the other measures. A classification rate of 96.5% was achieved by a parameter that quantifies the spectral flatness of the unmodeled component of the vowel sample.

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22

Franco, Ramon A., William A. Farinelli, Steven M. Zeitels, and R. Rox Anderson. "585-NM Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment of Glottal Papillomatosis." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 111, no. 6 (June 2002): 486–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940211100603.

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Treatment of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis of the glottis is often challenging. The surgeon and patient must cooperatively balance decisions regarding airway safety, effects of multiple general anesthesias, employment disturbance, and vocal dysfunction. A pilot study was done in 41 adult cases (23 patients; 78 vocal folds) without complication to evaluate the effectiveness of a 585-nm pulsed dye laser (PDL; 450-μs pulse width; fluence of 38 to 255 J/cm2; 1- to 2-mm spot size) in the treatment of this disorder. Thirty-seven of the 41 cases (90%) were bilateral disease. Twenty-six of the 41 cases (63%; including 20 cases with involvement of the anterior commissure) were treated by bilateral photocoagulation of the lesions' microcirculation without microflap resection of tissue. Clinical observation revealed that irradiated but unresected disease involuted without development of an anterior commissure web. In the initial 13 of the 41 cases (32%), PDL treatment was followed by cold instrument microflap resection. The PDL enhanced the epithelial excision by improving hemostasis and by creating an optimal dissection plane between the basement membrane and the underlying superficial lamina propria. The PDL at 585 nm was less effective in the management of exophytic lesions because of its limited depth of penetration (approximately 2 mm). In this initial trial, the PDL was a relatively safe and efficacious treatment for glottal recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Since the lesions involute without complete resection of the diseased epithelium, the anterior commissure can be treated to minimize the number of procedures. To study patterns of recurrence will require longer follow-up.

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23

Franco, Ramon A., Steven M. Zeitels, William A. Farinelli, William Faquin, and R. Rox Anderson. "585-NM Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment of Glottal Dysplasia." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 112, no. 9 (September 2003): 751–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940311200902.

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Management of glottal dysplasia can be difficult and often results in a suboptimal treatment outcome. The surgeon and patient must cooperatively balance decisions regarding the effects of possible malignancy, vocal dysfunction, and recurrences leading to multiple use of general anesthetics. A pilot study was done in 57 cases (36 patients and 97 vocal folds) without complication to evaluate the effectiveness of a 585-nm pulsed dye laser (PDL; 450-μs pulse width, 19 to 76-J/cm2 fluence, 1- to 2-mm spot size) in the treatment of vocal fold keratosis. Forty of the 57 cases had bilateral treatment. Phonomicrosurgical resection was done in 35 of the 57 cases after PDL treatment. Of this group, 10 cases were found to have hyperplasia, 21 dysplasia, 4 carcinoma in situ, and 1 carcinoma. One patient had phonomicrosurgical resection before PDL treatment. In 21 of the 57 cases, the disease was irradiated without resection (4 unilateral lesions and 17 bilateral lesions). Approximately 80% of the patients in this series had a greater than 70% reduction in the size of the lesion with the use of the PDL irrespective of whether they underwent resection. Clinical observation revealed no new anterior commissure web formation despite bilateral anterior commissure treatment in 28 of the 57 cases. The PDL enhanced the epithelial excision by improving hemostasis and by creating an optimal dissection plane between the basement membrane and the underlying superficial lamina propria. In this initial trial, the PDL provided relatively safe and effective treatment for glottal dysplasia. Analysis of patterns of recurrence will require longer follow-up.

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24

Koç, Turgay, and Tolga Çiloğlu. "Automatic Segmentation of High Speed Video Images of Vocal Folds." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/818415.

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An automatic method for segmenting glottis in high speed endoscopic video (HSV) images of vocal folds is proposed. The method is based on image histogram modeling. Three fundamental problems in automatic histogram based processing of HSV images, which are automatic localization of vocal folds, deformation of the intensity distribution by nonuniform illumination, and ambiguous segmentation when glottal gap is small, are addressed. The problems are solved by using novel masking, illumination, and reflectance modeling methods. The overall algorithm has three stages: masking, illumination modeling, and segmentation. Firstly, a mask is determined based on total variation norm for the region of interest in HSV images. Secondly, a planar illumination model is estimated from consecutive HSV images and reflectance image is obtained. Reflectance images of the masked HSV are used to form a vertical slice image whose reflectance distribution is modeled by a Gaussian mixture model (GMM). Finally, estimated GMM is used to isolate the glottis from the background. Results show that proposed method provides about 94% improvements with respect to manually segmented data in contrast to conventional method which uses Rayleigh intensity distribution in extracting the glottal areas.

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25

Alipour, Fariborz, and Ronald C. Scherer. "Modeling of glottal flow between oscillating walls with a computer fluid dynamics method." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 100, no. 4 (October 1996): 2656–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.417436.

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26

Ponizy, Bogdan, and Stanislaw Wojcicki. "On modeling of pulse combustors." Symposium (International) on Combustion 20, no. 1 (January 1985): 2019–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0082-0784(85)80702-5.

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27

Smith, David R. R., Thomas C. Walters, and Roy D. Patterson. "Discrimination of speaker sex and size when glottal-pulse rate and vocal-tract length are controlled." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 122, no. 6 (December 2007): 3628–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2799507.

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28

Reuss, James L., and Daniel Siker. "The pulse in reflectance pulse oximetry: Modeling and experimental studies." Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing 18, no. 4 (August 2004): 289–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10877-005-2909-6.

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29

Rudresh, Sunil, Sudarshan Nagesh, and Chandra Sekhar Seelamantula. "Asymmetric Pulse Modeling for FRI Sampling." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 66, no. 8 (April 15, 2018): 2027–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsp.2017.2788429.

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30

Morgan, Jacob A., and Peter A. Nelson. "Morphodynamic Modeling of Sediment Pulse Dynamics." Water Resources Research 55, no. 11 (November 2019): 8691–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019wr025407.

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31

Reuss, J. L. "Multilayer Modeling of Reflectance Pulse Oximetry." IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 52, no. 2 (February 2005): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2004.840188.

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32

Mandal, Amitava, and Ranjit Singh Parmar. "Numerical Modeling of Pulse MIG Welding." ISIJ International 47, no. 10 (2007): 1485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.47.1485.

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33

Cohen, B. I., E. B. Hooper, T. B. Kaiser, E. A. Williams, and C. W. Domier. "Modeling of ultra-short-pulse reflectometry." Physics of Plasmas 6, no. 5 (May 1999): 1732–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873487.

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34

Zou, Baisheng, Milorad P. Duduković, and Patrick L. Mills. "Modeling of evacuated pulse micro-reactors." Chemical Engineering Science 48, no. 13 (July 1993): 2345–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2509(93)81056-2.

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35

Ma, Ning, Wenji Xu, Xuyue Wang, and Bin Tao. "Pulse electrochemical finishing: Modeling and experiment." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 210, no. 6-7 (April 2010): 852–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.01.016.

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36

Moisik, Scott Reid, and Bryan Gick. "The Quantal Larynx: The Stable Regions of Laryngeal Biomechanics and Implications for Speech Production." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 60, no. 3 (March 2017): 540–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2016_jslhr-s-16-0019.

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Purpose Recent proposals suggest that (a) the high dimensionality of speech motor control may be reduced via modular neuromuscular organization that takes advantage of intrinsic biomechanical regions of stability and (b) computational modeling provides a means to study whether and how such modularization works. In this study, the focus is on the larynx, a structure that is fundamental to speech production because of its role in phonation and numerous articulatory functions. Method A 3-dimensional model of the larynx was created using the ArtiSynth platform ( http://www.artisynth.org ). This model was used to simulate laryngeal articulatory states, including inspiration, glottal fricative, modal prephonation, plain glottal stop, vocal–ventricular stop, and aryepiglotto–epiglottal stop and fricative. Results Speech-relevant laryngeal biomechanics is rich with “quantal” or highly stable regions within muscle activation space. Conclusions Quantal laryngeal biomechanics complement a modular view of speech control and have implications for the articulatory–biomechanical grounding of numerous phonetic and phonological phenomena.

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37

Alzamendi, Gabriel A., and Gastón Schlotthauer. "Modeling and joint estimation of glottal source and vocal tract filter by state-space methods." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 37 (August 2017): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2016.12.022.

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38

Deutschmann, Andreas, Pavel Malevich, Andrius Baltuška, and Andreas Kugi. "Modeling and iterative pulse-shape control of optical chirped pulse amplifiers." Automatica 98 (December 2018): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2018.09.002.

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39

Smith, David R. R., Thomas C. Walters, and Roy D. Patterson. "Role of glottal‐pulse rate, vocal‐tract length, and original talker upon judgements of speaker sex and age." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 121, no. 5 (May 2007): 3135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4782162.

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40

Geisler, C. Daniel, and Steven M. Silkes. "Responses of ‘‘lower‐spontaneous‐rate’’ auditory‐nerve fibers to speech syllables presented in noise. II: Glottal‐pulse periodicities." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 90, no. 6 (December 1991): 3140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.401422.

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41

Smith, David R. R., and Roy D. Patterson. "The interaction of glottal-pulse rate and vocal-tract length in judgements of speaker size, sex, and age." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 118, no. 5 (November 2005): 3177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2047107.

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42

Williams, David R. "Modeling changes in magnitude and timing of glottal and oral movements for synthesis of voiceless obstruents." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 95, no. 5 (May 1994): 2815–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.409706.

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43

Šidlof, Petr, Jan G. Švec, Jaromír Horáček, Jan Veselý, Ivo Klepáček, and Radan Havlík. "Geometry of human vocal folds and glottal channel for mathematical and biomechanical modeling of voice production." Journal of Biomechanics 41, no. 5 (2008): 985–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2007.12.016.

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44

Peterson, Dennis, James Clark, Linda Twitty, Richard Woods, and Gregory Biddinger. "PREDICTIVE FISH TOXICITY MODELING—SHORT PULSE EXPOSURE." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1993, no. 1 (March 1, 1993): 867–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1993-1-867.

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45

Zajusz, M., K. Tkacz-Śmiech, and M. Danielewski. "Modeling of vacuum pulse carburizing of steel." Surface and Coatings Technology 258 (November 2014): 646–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.08.023.

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46

Colonna, Gianpiero, Annarita Laricchiuta, and Lucia Daniela Pietanza. "Modeling plasma heating by ns laser pulse." Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 141 (March 2018): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2018.01.009.

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47

Bouabana, Soumya, and Shinji Maeda. "Multi-pulse LPC modeling of articulatory movements." Speech Communication 24, no. 3 (June 1998): 227–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-6393(98)00012-0.

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48

Mock, J., N. Barry, K. Kazkaz, D. Stolp, M. Szydagis, M. Tripathi, S. Uvarov, M. Woods, and N. Walsh. "Modeling pulse characteristics in Xenon with NEST." Journal of Instrumentation 9, no. 04 (April 3, 2014): T04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/9/04/t04002.

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49

da Silva, Henrique J. A., and John J. O’Reilly. "Optical pulse modeling with Hermite–Gaussian functions." Optics Letters 14, no. 10 (May 15, 1989): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.14.000526.

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50

Jingang Liu, Deyuan Shen, Siu-Chung Tam, and Yee-Loy Lam. "Modeling pulse shape of Q-switched lasers." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 37, no. 7 (July 2001): 888–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.929588.

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