Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modélisation du signal sonore'
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Betser, Michaël. "Modélisation sinusoïdale et applications à l’indexation sonore." Paris, ENST, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004089/fr/.
Full textThe goal of the thesis is the analysis of audio signals using sinusoidal modeling. The first part of the thesis deals with the estimation of the sinusoidal parameters, and in particular with the methods based on the Fourier Transform. The advantages of this family of methods are a low algorithmic complexity and an ease of use. A complete state of the art of these methods is presented. Then, we describe the new estimators which have been developped during the thesis. In particular, we present two original methods allowing to estimate all the parameters of a sinusoid modulated both in amplitude and frequency. Their performances are shown to be better than the only quivalent method in the litterature, namely the quadratically interpolated fast Fourier transform (QIFFT). Audio indexing is a large domain whose purpose is to answer the needs for content access in the audio documents. In the second part of the thesis, we applied the sinusoidal modeling to two audio indexing tasks for which this modeling is particularly appropriate: pitch estimation and sound object detection. The two algorithms developped involve similar ideas: a matching of the sinusoidal peaks estimated in the audio stream with those of the reference sound object, and a likelihood measure of the matching
Lagrange, Mathieu. "Modélisation Sinusoïdale des Sons Polyphoniques." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009550.
Full textKhemiri, Houssemeddine. "Approche générique appliquée à l'indexation audio par modélisation non supervisée." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0055/document.
Full textThe amount of available audio data, such as broadcast news archives, radio recordings, music and songs collections, podcasts or various internet media is constantly increasing. Therefore many audio indexing techniques are proposed in order to help users to browse audio documents. Nevertheless, these methods are developed for a specific audio content which makes them unsuitable to simultaneously treat audio streams where different types of audio document coexist. In this thesis we report our recent efforts in extending the ALISP approach developed for speech as a generic method for audio indexing, retrieval and recognition. The particularity of ALISP tools is that no textual transcriptions are needed during the learning step. Any input speech data is transformed into a sequence of arbitrary symbols. These symbols can be used for indexing purposes. The main contribution of this thesis is the exploitation of the ALISP approach as a generic method for audio indexing. The proposed system consists of three steps; an unsupervised training to model and acquire the ALISP HMM models, ALISP segmentation of audio data using the ALISP HMM models and a comparison of ALISP symbols using the BLAST algorithm and Levenshtein distance. The evaluations of the proposed systems are done on the YACAST and other publicly available corpora for several tasks of audio indexing
Briand, Manuel. "Études d'algorithmes d'extraction des informations de spatialisation sonore : application aux formats multicanaux." Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPG0027.
Full textThe first axis of this thesis aims at improving the performances of parametric coding methods based on the auditory localization cues. We have looked further into adapt the parameter extraction to the spectral components of audio signals. The second axis of this work established a multichannel audio model in order to propose an alternative to existing parametric coding schemes. We present an interpretation and the performance evaluation of the Principal Component Analysis, carried out both in time and frequency subbands with a parametric approach. Finally, we use this decomposition within a new parametric coding method which relies on the concentration of dominant sound sources and the extraction of relevant parameters. The performances of our parametric coding method are evaluated for the stereophonic case and an extension for parametric coding of 5. 1 signals is proposed
Dubois, Françoise. "Détection de signaux émergents au sein d'habitacles : mesures et modélisation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10092/document.
Full textEmergences like tonal components take part in automobile and railroad acoustic comfort. These signals are totally or partially masked by the background noise, of automobile or train coaches. Determining the audibility of spectrally complex signals in a complex broadband noise masker, with tonalities or not, is yet an unanswered question and an industry expectation to characterize the overall sound quality of train/car cabins. The purpose of my PhD thesis was to measure detection thresholds for tones or complex tones, masked by a broadband noise, with pronounced tonal components or not. Several choices must have been performed, restricting study to stationary sounds, without modulation of amplitude, without inter-aural phase differences.First, different methods of sound reproduction are compared measuring detection thresholds. We underlined difficulties met during the measure of the calibration of headphones We validated the eardrum calibration, by comparing detection thresholds of pure sounds in a broad band noise, in a anechoic room, in front of a monophonic loudspeaker.Then, the masking thresholds of pure tones in the presence of maskers with pronounced tonal components are measured. Several perceptual models were tested in order to predict the elevation of the measured thresholds.Finally, we studied the improvement in detection of a multitone complex and developed a model to predict masking thresholds, based on the statistical summation model, applicable to multicomponent signals with differences in level between components. The influence of tonalities have been revealed with the car cabin noise.A threshold model, applicable to the stationary sounds, is proposed. Several perspectives are discussed, from time-variant signals to inter-aural differences or attention phenomena for example
Hennequin, Romain. "Décomposition de spectrogrammes musicaux informée par des modèles de synthèse spectrale : modélisation des variations temporelles dans les éléments sonores." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00648997.
Full textComent, Elian. "Contribution à la mise au point de techniques de mesures de propriétés thermophysiques par sondes à chocs : modélisation, traitement et pilotage électronique des données." Paris, ENSAM, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENAM0019.
Full textBarthet, Mathieu. "De l'interprète à l'auditeur : une analyse acoustique et perceptive du timbre musical." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00418296.
Full textUne étude de dissemblance réalisée sur des sons de synthèse de clarinette, obtenus à partir d'un modèle physique, a permis d'évaluer l'influence du contrôle instrumental (pression d'alimentation et pince) sur les timbres produits par l'instrument. Des enregistrements d'extraits musicaux joués un grand nombre de fois par un même clarinettiste professionnel sur un instrument naturel selon différentes intentions musicales (“scolaire" et “expressive") ont ensuite été analysés. Les mécanismes de transmission de l'expression musicale ont ainsi pu être étudiés au travers de changements de timbre, de rythme et de dynamique. Certaines variations de timbre (variations de qualité sonore au sein des notes et entre les différentes notes) sont reproduites de manière systématique par l'interprète lorsque son intention musicale est la même. La nature de ces variations change lorsque l'intention expressive change, ce qui tend à prouver que les musiciens agissent sur certaines dimensions du timbre afin de varier leur expression. Deux expériences perceptives complémentaires ont révélé que la nature des évolutions temporelles de la brillance des notes influe sur les préférences musicales des auditeurs. La qualité musicale de séquences inexpressives, produites sur des instruments de type entretenu à l'aide d'échantillonneurs, a notamment pu être améliorée de manière significative grâce à un contrôle de la brillance par filtrage dynamique.
L'ensemble de ces travaux appuie l'idée que les variations morphologiques temporelles de timbre (par ex. variations temporelles de brillance) constituent l'un des vecteurs de l'expression musicale.
Betser, Michaël A. "Modélisation sinusoïdale et applications à l'indexation sonore." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004089.
Full textPEETERS, GEOFFROY. "Modeles et modification du signal sonore adaptes aux caracteristiques locales." Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066193.
Full textBouguerra, Radouane. "Acquisition et analyse automatique du signal sonore de la déglutition." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120088.
Full textBloit, Julien. "Intéraction musicale et geste sonore : modélisation temporelle de descripteurs audio." Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066614.
Full textMaussang, Frédéric. "Traitement d'images et fusion de données pour la détection d'objets enfouis en acoustique sous-marine." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011447.
Full textYstad, Solvi. "Vers le sens des sons: Modélisation sonore et contrôle haut niveau." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00537631.
Full textVeneri, Olivier. "Architecture d'un intergiciel pour la création sonore dans les jeux vidéo." Paris, CNAM, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CNAM0673.
Full textLorsqu'un compositeur écrit de la musique pour un media linéaire comme le cinéma il nous propose un début et une fin entre les deux un parcours sonore défini qui doit accompagner ce qui se passe à l'écran. Le compositeur connaissant l'enchaînement et la date de tous les évènements. Il peut ainsi construire son oeuvre en fonction de se savoir. Le sound designer d'un jeu vidéo, ne possède généralement pas d'autant de certitudes lors de la composition sonore du jeu. Celui-ci doit penser son oeuvre comme une structure dynamique devant être intégrée dans le jeu et devant s'adapter aux états de ce dernier, états qu'il aura préalablement identifiés afin d'être soulignés auditivement. Cette mise en relation entre le système de jeu et le système son ayant pour but de renforcer l'immersion du joueur ainsi que la cohérence de l'univers de jeu. Cette approche dynamique, temps-réel, de la création sonore impose au sound designer d'adapter et de penser sa production musicale afin que celle-ci puisse remplir son rôle dans le cadre du jeu. Pour rendre cela possible, les outils de conception sonore doivent tenir compte des spécificités de l'écriture sonore pour le jeu video et par conséquent permettre aux sound designer de définir des processus temps-réel calculant un résultat sonore, en se reposant sur une logique musicale et des processus de synthèse sonore, en fonction des états de jeu. Ces outils doivent permettre l'intégration d'une bande son dynamique, jusqu'à son matériau musical même, en se basant éventuellment sur des techniques audio procédurales. Cette approche dynamique doit permettre la création d'univers sonore riche mais aussi de faciliter la production des jeux actuelles dont la complexité ne cesse de croître. Dans ce contexte les problématiques liés aux contenus procudéraux deviennent de plus en plus centrale et ce dans tous le domaine de la création vidéoludique (animation, graphisme,. . . )
Jousse, Vincent. "Identification nommée du locuteur : exploitation conjointe du signal sonore et de sa transcription." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00609093.
Full textNeji, Jamel. "Fissuration des chaussées semi-rigides : expérience et modélisation." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ECAP0246.
Full textLegault, Julien. "Modélisation de la perte par transmission des parois légères à double panneaux." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1554.
Full textBriolle, Françoise. "Evaluation de la qualité sonore de casques d'écoute par simulation numérique des fonctions de transfert." Aix-Marseille 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX22008.
Full textHarb, Hadi Chen Liming. "Classification du signal sonore en vue d'une indexation par le contenu des documents multimédia." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/hharb.pdf.
Full textHarb, Hadi. "Classification du signal sonore en vue d'une indexation par le contenu des documents multimédia." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2003. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/hharb.pdf.
Full textHumans have a remarkable ability to categorise audio signals into classes, such as speech, music, explosion, etc. . . The thesis studies the capacity of developing audio classification algorithms inspired by the human perception of the audio semantic classes in the multimedia context. A model of short therm auditory memory is proposed in order to explain some psychoacoustic effects. The memory model is then simplified to constitute the basis of the Piecewise Gaussian Modelling (PGM) features. The PGM features are coupled to a mixture of neural networks to form a general audio signal classifier. The classifier was successfully applied to speech/music classification, gender identification, action detection and musical genre recognition. A synthesis of the classification effort was used in order to structure a video into "audio scenes" and "audio chapters". This work has permitted the development of an autoamtic audio indexer prototype, CYNDI
Ramdane, Abdessamed. "Modèles numériques de structures vibrantes mono- et bidimensionnelles pour la synthèse sonore par modèle physique /." Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb355119016.
Full textHélie, Thomas. "Modélisation physique d'instruments de musique en systèmes dynamiques et inversion." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112315.
Full textThis work deals with the modeling and the inversion process "sound/instrumental gesture" of musical instruments with like standard application : brasses and production of the voice. The physical modeling has large a interest for the sound synthesis since it generates not only the sound but also the behavior of the instrument (attacks, transients, false notes, etc). For these reasons, the difficulty of playing with virtual instruments is comparable to that of real instruments. The difficulty of controlling such models leads to the question of the inversion process : "how do I control my model to obtain this target sound that this musician obtained with his own instrument?" To cope with this problematic, we first indicate that the synthesis modeling and the associated inverse system may be thought together. Our thesis presents a work aiming to obtain mathematic objects as simple as possible. The problem of the excitor (lips, reeds, etc. . ) has been considered during our Master's Thesis. That of the resonator (description of the propagation in a pipe with a varying cross-section and its radiation) are thus the principal object of this work. In the first part, we establish a new model 1D of the acoustic propagation in axisymmetrical pipes with a slowly varying cross-section. This model makes it possible to take into account for example the motion of walls (case adapted with the vocal tract), or the existence of visco-thermic losses (which involes fractional derivatives). For this last case, it is possible of represent the whole guide by concatenating input-ouput systems associated with pieces of pipes locally adapted with the curvature of the pipe. As the involved transfer functions are too complicated to allow the derivation of a low cost time-simulation, we propose two methods which approach them with linear differential systems of finite order with delay. These methods are based on, respectively, troncated divergent series, and the theory of the diffusive representations of pseudo-differential operators. In the second part, a new model of the radiation of the bell which takes the wavefront curvature is developed and used to model the boundary condition at the output of the instrument. The results of this work may be used for the study of the brasses and, partially, for the vocal tract
Bresson, Jean. "La synthèse sonore en composition musicale assistée par ordinateur : modélisation et écriture du son." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00807656.
Full textJaillet, Florent. "Représentation et traitement temps-fréquence des signaux audionumériques pour des applications de design sonore." Aix-Marseille 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2005AIX22045.pdf.
Full textPolack, Jean-Dominique. "La transmission de l'energie sonore dans les salles." Le Mans, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LEMA1011.
Full textDubernard, Xavier. "Codage de l'information sonore dans le nerf auditif humain à la lumière de la modélisation mathématique." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT043.
Full textIntroduction: The human cochlea is able to encode the sounds over three frequency decades (0.02 kHz-20 kHz) and 120 dB of dynamics, with an accuracy close to one Hz and one dB over the entire auditory field. This coding properties are provided by sensory cells and auditory neurons whose functional properties are unknown. The aim of this work is to develop an approach combining surface recordings of the human auditory nerve and mathematical modeling to predict the underlying activity of auditory neurons.Material and Methods: The electrical activity of the auditory nerve was measured during cerebellopontine angle surgery in 14 normal hearing and hearing loss patients (clinical trial NCT03552224). The sounds were delivered in a closed field (Etymotic ER1) and the auditory nerve activity was measured using a ball electrode (Ø1.6 mm, Inomed) connected to a Grass P511 amplifier. The generation and acquisition of the signals was entirely processed by a NI-PXI 4461 device controlled by a LabVIEW interface (National Instrument). The mathematical model of human cochlea programmed in Matlab language (Mathworks) consists of 200 inner hair cells innervated by 1748 auditory neurons. This model can simulate the activity of single neurons as well as global potential in response to the same stimulus.Results: In response to acoustic clicks, a biphasic wave (N1-P1) emerges from recordings at 40 dB SPL. N1-P1amplitude increases with the sound level and the N1 latency decreases. The analysis of the simulated data shows that the neurons generating the N1-P1 wave are localized in the cochlear zone coding for the 2-4 kHz frequencies. In response to tone burst of 20 ms duration, the response of the auditory nerve is characterized at the beginning of the stimulation by an N1-P1 wave of similar shape but of less amplitude than that evoked by a click. In response to tonal bursts presented at 4 kHz, the simulated data analysis identifies the N1-P1 generating neurons in the 4 kHz zone. When presented at 0.5 kHz, the model locates the generators in a broader frequency area (multiple diffuse foci). During the tone burst, the nerve response is characterized by an alternative component in phase with the fine structure of pure tone. The analysis of the simulated data confirms that the phasic activity is produced by the phase locked response of the neurons. The coding limit beyond which there is no longer phase lock response is estimated at 2 kHz. In response to third-octave band noises that are composed of a fine structure and a temporal envelope, the analysis of the auditory nerve response allows the extraction of neuronal cues specific to the coding of the envelope and the fine structure. The study of these cues in normal-hearing subjects (n = 4) or hearing impaired patients with high frequency (n = 4) or in low frequency hearing loss (n = 6), shows that the neural response of the envelope disappears drastically in subjects with hearing loss compared to the neural response of the fine structure which remains robust.Conclusion: This work allowed to identify the neurons generating the N1-P1 wave induced by clicks or tone bursts. This result leads to a better understanding of electrophysiological tests used in clinical settings (i.e. electrocochleography or by the auditory brainstem response potentials). In terms of basic research, this study highlights the neuronal cues of fine structure and temporal envelope coding, proven to be correlated with psychoacoustic scores (localization and discrimination of sounds, speech recognition) could allow a better understanding of the relationship between a sensoryneural hearing loss and its perceptual consequences. Altogether, these results show the level of complexity of the global potential by the auditory nerve, even when measured at its surface, and reflects a limited fraction of unitary neuron responses
Chambatte, Eric. "Traitement de signal pour antenne de transducteurs en vue de l’identification/reproduction d’environnement sonore de cabine d’avion." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/394.
Full textIstrate, Dan. "Contribution à l'analyse de l'environnement sonore et à la fusion multimodale pour l'identification d'activités dans le cadre de la télévigilance médicale." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00790339.
Full textFirouzmand, Mohammad. "Modélisation Sinusoïdale à Long Terme du Signal de Parole." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00211294.
Full textKonté, Cheick-Suhaibou. "Modélisation de l'atténuation du signal EMG diaphragmatique de surface." Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENS009.
Full textThe detection of diaphragmatic EMG signal by surface is a hard measure. The attenuation induced by the different tissues lying on the way diaphragm electrode and low amplitude potentials are generated to cause a signal to noise ratio which makes the analysis of the signal difficult. In this thesis, we propose to evaluate the levels of attenuation at two steps: A first level called "large volume" of considering the thorax as homogeneous and consists of lung tissue and to assess the diaphragmatic attenuation as a function of distance fiber electrode and the conductivity of the lung tissue. The desire to compare modeling results with experimental measurements, led us to consider the specific case of measuring esophageal coupled with phrenic nerve stimulation. We used an experimental design to analyze the different parameters of influence. This first approach was based on an analytical model. A second level is to take into account the effect of inhomogeneities on the path fiber electrode. This stage, conducted prospectively, is here focused on the analysis of the influence of ratings on the signal attenuation. At this scale, the confrontation with the measurement becomes more difficult and we propose a study based solely on modeling. The latter is conducted by using finite elements
Aloui, Nadia. "Localisation sonore par retournement temporel." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT079/document.
Full textThe objective of this PhD is to propose a location solution that should be simple and robust to multipath that characterizes the indoor environments. First, a location system that exploits the time domain of channel parameters has been proposed. The system adopts the time of arrival of the path of maximum amplitude as a signature and estimates the target position through nonparametric kernel regression. The system was evaluated in experiments for two main configurations: a privacy-oriented configuration with code-division multiple-access operation and a centralized configuration with time-division multiple-access operation. A comparison between our privacy-oriented system and another acoustic location system based on code-division multiple-access operation and lateration method confirms the results found in radiofrequency-based localization. However, our experiments are the first to demonstrate the detrimental effect that reverberation has on acoustic localization approaches. Second, a location system based on time reversal technique and able to localize simultaneously sources with different location precisions has been tested through simulations for different values of the number of sources. The system has then been validated by experiments. Finally, we have been interested in reducing the audibility of the localization signal through psycho-acoustics. A filter, set from the absolute threshold of hearing, is then applied to the signal. Our results showed an improvement in precision, when compared to the location system without psychoacoustic model, thanks to the use of matched filter at the receiver. Moreover, we have noticed a significant reduction in the audibility of the filtered signal compared to that of the original signal
Seck, Mouhamadou. "Détection de ruptures et suivi de classe de sons pour l'indexation sonore." Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN10001.
Full textKarmouche, El Mostafa. "Modélisation complémentaire des signaux non-stationnaires." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10015.
Full textHanna, Pierre. "Modélisation statistique de sons bruités : étude de la densité spectrale, analyse, transformation musicale et synthèse." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12756.
Full textNguyen, Van Quan. "Cartographie d'un environnement sonore par un robot mobile." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0172/document.
Full textRobot audition provides hearing capability for robots and helps them explore and understand their sound environment. In this thesis, we focus on the task of sound source localization for a single or multiple, intermittent, possibly moving sources using a mobile robot and exploiting robot motion to improve the source localization. We propose a Bayesian filtering framework to localize the position of a single, intermittent, possibly moving sound source. This framework jointly estimates the source location and its activity over time and is applicable to any micro- phone array geometry. Thanks to the movement of the robot, it can estimate the distance to the source and solve the front-back ambiguity which appears in the case of a linear microphone array. We propose two implementations of this framework based on an extended mixture Kalman filter (MKF) and on a particle filter, that we compare in terms of performance and computation time. We then extend our model to the context of multiple, intermittent, possibly moving sources. By implementing an extended MKF with joint probabilistic data association filter (JPDAF), we can jointly estimate the locations of two sources and their activities over time. Lastly, we make a contribution on long-term robot motion planning to optimally reduce the uncertainty in the source location. We define a cost function with two alternative criteria: the Shannon entropy or the standard deviation of the estimated belief. These entropies or standard deviations are integrated over time with a discount factor. We adapt the Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) method for efficiently finding the optimal robot motion that will minimize the above cost function. Experiments show that the proposed method outperforms other robot motion planning methods for robot audition in the long run
Longatte, Élisabeth. "Modélisation de la propagation et de la génération du bruit au sein des écoulements turbulents internes." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ECAP0597.
Full textGasmi, François. "La modélisation multi-impulsionnelle." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT007H.
Full textRamanana, Telina. "Synthèse de champ sonore par Wave Field Synthesis à partir d'enregistrements captés par une antenne microphonique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6062.
Full textFontaine, Isabelle. "Modélisation des mécanismes de rétrodiffusion du signal ultrasonore par le sang." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0004/MQ42906.pdf.
Full textCognet, Jean-Marc. "Inversion sismique : identification du signal source et modélisation des réflexions multiples." Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090016.
Full textBerthomier, Christian. "Modélisation de l'évolution des différents rythmes du signal d'eeg de sommeil." Paris, ENST, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENST0045.
Full textCombet, François. "Traitement du signal, modélisation et diagnostic des installations de remontées mécaniques." Grenoble INPG, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPG0109.
Full textDesbenoit, Brett. "Modélisation et simulation de scènes naturelles complexes." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10214.
Full textIn this thesis, we address the modelling realistic natural sceneries. We focus on the modelling of details and their distribution in a complex scene. Details have a great impact over the overall realism of the final scene. Our approach consists in modeling details such as mushrooms, lichens, leaves or fractures and storing them in an atlas of shapes. Those details are distributed in the scene according to specific physically and biologically based dispersion and propagation algorithms, which are controlled by the parameters of the environment such as the wetness, the temperature or the amount of direct and indirect lighting. Our approach enables us to add a vast variety of details without the burden of editing them by hand
Gribonval, Rémi. "Sur quelques problèmes mathématiques de modélisation parcimonieuse." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Rennes 1, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00564045.
Full textZeidan, Marwan. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation d'une micropile à combustible à respiration." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00733474.
Full textSalam, Hanan. "Modélisation Multi-Objet du visage." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00957812.
Full textMichelet, Stéphane. "Modélisation non-supervisée de signaux sociaux." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066052/document.
Full textIn a social interaction, we adapt our behavior to our interlocutors. Studying and understanding the underlying mecanisms of this adaptation is the center of Social Signal Processing. The goal of this thesis is to propose methods of study and models for the analysis of social signals in the context of interaction, by exploiting both social processing and pattern recognition techniques. First, an unsupervised method allowing the measurement of imitation between two partners in terms of delay and degree is proposed, only using gestual data. Spatio-temporal interest point are first detected in order to select the most important regions of videos. Then they are described by histograms in order to construct bag-of-words models in which spatial information is reintroduced. Imitation degree and delay between partners are estimated in a continuous way thanks to cross-correlation between the two bag-of-words models. The second part of this thesis focus on the automatic extraction of features permitting to characterizing group interactions. After regrouping all features commonly used in literature, we proposed the utilization of non-negative factorization. More than only extracting the most pertinent features, it also allowed to automatically regroup, and in an unsupervised manner, meetings in three classes corresponding to three types of leadership defined by psychologists. Finally, the last part focus on unsupervised extraction of features permitting to characterize groups. The relevance of these features, compared to ad-hoc features from state of the art, is then validated in a role recognition task
Villeneuve, Jérôme. "Mise en oeuvre de méthodes de résolution du problème inverse dans le cadre de la synthèse sonore par modélisation physique masses-interactions." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENS041.
Full textAn “Inverse Problem”, usually consists in an inversion of the cause-to-effect relation. It's not about producing a “cause” phenomenon from a given “effect” phenomenon, but rather defining a “cause” phenomenon of which an observed effect would be the consequence. In the context of the CORDIS-ANIMA physical modeling and simulation formalism, and in particular within the GENESIS interface for sound synthesis and musical creation, both built by the ACROE-ICA laboratory, it is possible to identify such a problem: Considering a sound, which physical model could be built to produce it? This interrogation is fundamental if we consider the creative process engaged by the users of such tools. Indeed, being able to describe and to conceive the process which engenders a previously defined phenomenon or sonic (musical) event is an inherent need for the activity of musical creation. Reciprocally, disposing of elements for analyzing and decomposing the sound phenomenon's production chain allows to consider, by means of representation, direct processing, and re-composition, the production of very rich and expressive phenomena that present an intimate coherency with the natural sounds upon which the perceptive and cognitive experience are built.To approach this problem, we formulated and studied two underlying fundamental aspects. The first one covers the very description of the final result, the sound phenomenon. This description can be of different kinds and is often complex regarding objective and quantitative matters, therefore, our approach has consisted first in a reduction of the general problem by considering spectral content, or “modal structure”, defined by a phenomenological signal based approach. The second aspect concerns the functional and parametrical nature of models built with the CORDIS-ANIMA paradigm. Since all models are inherently a metaphor of an instrumental situation, each one must then be conceived as an interactive combination of an “instrument/instrumentist” couple. From these specifications we have defined ONE inverse problem, whose resolution required developing tools to interpret phenomenological data to parametrical data. Finally, this work has led to the implementation of these new tools in within the GENESIS software, as well as in its didactic environment. The resulting models fulfill coherence and clarity criteria and are intended to reintegrate the creative process. They do not constitute an end in themselves, rather a support proposed to the user in order to complete his process.As a conclusion to this work, we detail further directions that could be pursued in order to extend or possibly reformulate the inverse problem
Boulbry, Jean-Claude. "Approximation de signaux et modélisation de systèmes linéaires." Brest, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BRES2017.
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