Relevant bibliographies by topics / Modelo TNT

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Academic literature on the topic 'Modelo TNT'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Modelo TNT"

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Da Conceição, Andreia Faranha, Alan Patricio Da Silva, Luana Dias De Vargas, Marjorie Heloise Maruchi, and Andreia Zarzour Abou Hala Corrêa. "O acesso vertiginoso na aquisição de máscaras faciais e suas repercussões na saúde pública e de populações vulneráveis/The vertiginous access in the acquisition of face masks and their repercussions on pubic health and vulnerable populations." Revista Interinstitucional Brasileira de Terapia Ocupacional - REVISBRATO 4, no. 3 (May 15, 2020): 380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47222/2526-3544.rbto34127.

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Introdução: A infeção por COVID-19, ocasionou um colapso nas relações cotidianas, principalmente aos maiores de 60 anos e pessoas com doenças pré-existentes. Foram necessárias intervenções não farmacêuticas à toda população. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um recurso de baixo custo para grupos em situação de vulnerabilidade social da região do ABC Paulista, São Paulo. Método: Foi desenvolvido um modelo de máscara com materiais acessíveis e de fácil confecção: TNT, amarilho e elástico de borracha natural. Resultados: O processo para confecção foi realizado em 8 etapas: marcação, corte, fixados os arames e os elásticos, feita as pregas, costuradas e embaladas. Foram confeccionadas 100 máscaras. Conclusão: A confecção de máscaras para compartilhamento com pessoas em situação de vulnerabilidade social é uma alternativa para minimizar os riscos de infecção e promover algum tipo de assistência, portanto uma alternativa viável no combate a propagação da pandemia de COVID-19. AbstractIntroduction: The infection by COVID-19, caused a breakdown in everyday relationships, especially for those over 60 and people with pre-existing diseases. Non-pharmaceutical interventions were required for the entire population. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a low-cost resource for groups in situations of social vulnerability in the ABC Paulista region, São Paulo. Method: A mask model was developed with accessible and easy-to-manufacture materials: TNT, yellowing and natural rubber elastic. Results: The process for making was carried out in 8 stages: marking, cutting, the wires and elastics were fixed, the pleats were made, sewn and packed. 100 masks were made. Conclusion: The making of masks for sharing with people in a situation of social vulnerability is an alternative to minimize the risks of infection and promote some type of assistance, therefore a viable alternative in combating the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.Key words: occupational therapy, facial masks, low cost technology, pandemic, risk groups, Coronavirus. ResumenIntroducción: La infección por COVID-19 causó un colapso en las relaciones cotidianas, especialmente para las personas mayores de 60 años y las personas con enfermedades preexistentes. Se requirieron intervenciones no farmacéuticas para toda la población. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar un recurso de bajo costo para grupos en situaciones de vulnerabilidad social en la región del ABC Paulista. Método: Se desarrolló un modelo de máscara con materiales accesibles y fáciles de fabricar: TNT, amarillamiento y goma elástica natural. Resultados: El proceso de fabricación se llevó a cabo en 8 etapas: se marcaron, cortaron, se fijaron los alambres y los elásticos, se fabricaron, cosieron y empaquetaron los pliegues. Se hicieron 100 máscaras. Conclusión: la creación de máscaras para compartir con personas en situación de vulnerabilidad social es una alternativa para minimizar los riesgos de infección y promover algún tipo de asistencia, por lo tanto, una alternativa viable para combatir la propagación de la pandemia de COVID-19.Palabras clave: terapia ocupacional, mascarillas, tecnología de bajo costo, pandemias, grupos de riesgo, coronavirus.
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Pereira, Carlos Alberto Sanches, Marcelo Ribeiro de Almeida Guedes, Denise Celeste Godoy Andrade Rodrigues, Ana Paula Cunha Pereira, and Lidiane De Fátima de Oliveira Souza. "CONSTRUÇÃO DE SALA AMBIENTE COMO METODOLOGIA ALTERNATIVA PARA O ENSINO DE ANATOMIA E FISIOLOGIA DO SISTEMA DIGESTÓRIO HUMANO." Pedagogia em Foco 14, no. 12 (December 3, 2019): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.29031/pedf.v14i12.465.

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O atual modelo de ensino nas escolas tem se caracterizado, muitas vezes, por atividades pedagógicas desarticuladas e distanciadas da realidade do educando e, principalmente, baseado na memorização das informações. O uso de estratégias de ensino não convencionais, consideradas como atividades lúdicas, propiciam uma melhor assimilação do conteúdo programático. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi construir uma sala ambiente para o ensino de Anatomia e Fisiologia do sistema digestório humano. A mesma foi construída em uma sala de um colégio público e simulava todo o sistema supracitado. Para a construção utilizou-se materiais diversos como: TNT, tubos de PVC, argamassa, garrafas pet, dentre outros. Cada aluno antes de entrar para a visitação respondeu um questionário (pré-teste) sobre sistema digestório. Após vivenciar o processo digestivo na sala ambiente, os alunos responderam o mesmo questionário (pós-teste), bem como um questionário de satisfação. Dentre os resultados encontrados destaca-se o aumento do percentual de alunos (82,7%), que acertaram mais questões no pós-teste, em relação ao pré-teste. Nesse contexto, concluiu-se que a sala ambiente é uma metodologia lúdica eficaz para o processo de ensino aprendizagem de anatomia e fisiologia do sistema digestório humano.
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Askar, S. S., and A. Al-khedhairi. "Cournot Duopoly Games: Models and Investigations." Mathematics 7, no. 11 (November 8, 2019): 1079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7111079.

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This paper analyzes Cournot duopoly games that are constructed based on Cobb–Douglas preferences. We introduce here two models whose dynamic adjustments depend on bounded rationality, dynamic adjustment, and tit-for-tat mechanism. In the first model, we have two firms with limited information and due to that they adopt the bounded rationality mechanism. They update their productions based on the changing occurred in the marginal profit. For this model, its fixed point is obtained and its stability condition is calculated. In addition, we provide conditions by which this fixed point loses its stability due to flip and Neimark–Sacker bifurcations. Furthermore, numerical simulation shows that this model possesses some chaotic behaviors which are recovered due to corridor stability. In the second model, we handle two different mechanisms of cooperation. These mechanisms are dynamic adjustment process and tit-for-tat strategy. The players who use the dynamic adjustment increase their productions based on the cooperative output while, in tit-for-tat mechanism, they increase the productions based on the cooperative profit. The local stability analysis shows that adopting tit-for-tat makes the model unstable and then the system becomes chaotic for any values of the system’s parameters. The obtained results show that the dynamic adjustment makes the system’s fixed point stable for a certain interval of the adjustment parameter.
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Wang, Xiaoqiang, Karineh Petrossian, Miao-Juei Huang, Kohei Saeki, Noriko Kanaya, Gregory Chang, Somlo George, and Shiuan Chen. "AR Is Not an Independent Marker for TNBC: The Lesson We Learn From Two PDX Models." Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): A804—A805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1636.

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Abstract Extensive efforts, through cell line-based models, have been made to characterize the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, these efforts have not yet reached a consensus with regards to the mechanism of AR in TNBC. On the other hand, patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) are generally considered more appropriate than cell line-based models for recapitulating the structural and molecular features of a patient’s tumor, but only a few have been reported to be AR-positive TNBC. In our study, we identified and molecularly characterized two new, AR-positive TNBC PDX models and assessed the impacts of AR agonist (DHT) and antagonist (enzalutamide) on tumor growth and gene expression profiles by utilizing immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blots, and RNA-Seq and TNBC subtyping analyses. Two PDX models, termed TN1 and TN2, were derived from two grade 3 TNBC tumors, each containing 1~5% of AR positive tumor cells. DHT activated AR in both PDX tumors by increasing AR nuclear localization and protein levels. However, the endpoint tumor volume of DHT-treated TN1 was 3-folds smaller than that of non-treated TN1 tumors. Conversely, the endpoint tumor volume of DHT-treated TN2 was 2-folds larger than that of non-treated TN2. Moreover, enzalutamide failed to antagonize DHT-induced tumor growth in TN2. The RNA-Seq analyses revealed that DHT suppressed gene expression in TN1 (961 down-regulated genes versus 149 up-regulated genes), while the DHT promoted gene expression in TN2 (673 up-regulated genes versus192 down-regulated genes). TNBC subtyping analyses based on RNA-Seq data predicted distinct molecular subtypes of TN1 and TN2: TN1 correlated to a basal-like 1 (BL1) subtype, and TN2 correlated to a basal-like 2 (BL2) subtype. These analyses suggest that TN1 and TN2, which both express functional AR, are two molecularly distinct PDX models that expand our current knowledge of AR-positive TNBC. Our results do not support that AR is a suitable therapeutic target in TNBC. To our best knowledge, the molecular mechanisms of AR in TNBC are equivocal and should be evaluated using clinically relevant models, considering both the heterogeneous expression of AR in TNBC and the general complexities of AR signaling.
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Bendor, Jonathan. "Formal Models of Bureaucracy." British Journal of Political Science 18, no. 3 (July 1988): 353–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400005160.

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Formal analysis is fairly new in public administration, and there is some scepticism in the field about the intellectual advantages of mathematical methods. This is appropriate. Using these methods is now faddish, and fads can cause goal displacement. A formal model of bureaucracy should be only a tool for deepening our knowledge about public organizations. If the underlying ideas are silly, translating them into mathematics will do little good. If they are promising, however, deductive reasoning can help us explore their potential: if one believes A is a general property of bureaucracies, to fail to work out A's logical implications would be throwing away information. Analysis can also increase the falsifiability of our ideas: if A implies B but empirically we find not-B, the truth status of A is brought into question. Or it may turn out, as Arrow discovered about democratic principles, that our informal ideas are logically inconsistent: we thought properties C and D describe existing or possible institutions, but recasting the ideas into mathematical form reveals that such an institution is impossible. Finally, some problems are just too hard to tackle without formal tools. It is unlikely, for example, that Robert Axelrod would have discovered the robustness of the simple strategy of tit-for-tat in the two person prisoners' dilemma without the help of a computer (to pit tit-for-tat against many opponents in thousands of rounds of play) and of mathematics (to prove some generic properties of tit-for-tat).
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Moon, Seong Won, and Tong Seop Kim. "Advanced Gas Turbine Control Logic Using Black Box Models for Enhancing Operational Flexibility and Stability." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 31, 2020): 5703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215703.

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In recent years, the importance of operational flexibility has increased for gas turbines that can stably operate under various operation conditions. This study proposes advanced control logic using black box models based on an artificial neural network. The goals are to enhance the operational flexibility by increasing the ramp rate and to enhance the operational stability by overcoming the limitation of conventional schedule-based control. By applying the advanced control logic, the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) and turbine exhaust temperature (TET) can be maintained at the optimal values, resulting in efficiency improvement by 0.35%. Furthermore, the maximum deviation of the rotational speed was reduced from 0.22% to 0.061%, and the maximum variations of TIT and TET were reduced by 15–20 °C during the fluctuation of the gas turbine’s power output. In conclusion, high-efficiency operation and a reduction in the degradation of the high-temperature parts can be expected through optimal operations of gas turbines by applying the proposed advanced control logic in a harsh operating environment. Moreover, fast load following can be achieved to meet the recent requirements of the operation environment of gas turbines by improving the ramp rate from 30 to 60 MW/min.
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Civita, Prospero, Diana M. Leite, and Geoffrey Pilkington. "Pre-Clinical Drug Testing in 2D and 3D Human In Vitro Models of Glioblastoma Incorporating Non-Neoplastic Astrocytes: Tunneling Nano Tubules and Mitochondrial Transfer Modulates Cell Behavior and Therapeutic Response." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23 (November 29, 2019): 6017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20236017.

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The role of astrocytes in the glioblastoma (GBM) microenvironment is poorly understood; particularly with regard to cell invasion and drug resistance. To assess this role of astrocytes in GBMs we established an all human 2D co-culture model and a 3D hyaluronic acid-gelatin based hydrogel model (HyStem™-HP) with different ratios of GBM cells to astrocytes. A contact co-culture of fluorescently labelled GBM cells and astrocytes showed that the latter promotes tumour growth and migration of GBM cells. Notably, the presence of non-neoplastic astrocytes in direct contact, even in low amounts in co-culture, elicited drug resistance in GBM. Recent studies showed that non-neoplastic cells can transfer mitochondria along tunneling nanotubes (TNT) and rescue damaged target cancer cells. In these studies, we explored TNT formation and mitochondrial transfer using 2D and 3D in vitro co-culture models of GBM and astrocytes. TNT formation occurs in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive “reactive” astrocytes after 48 h co-culture and the increase of TNT formations was greater in 3D hyaluronic acid-gelatin based hydrogel models. This study shows that human astrocytes in the tumour microenvironment, both in 2D and 3D in vitro co-culture models, could form TNT connections with GBM cells. We postulate that the association on TNT delivery non-neoplastic mitochondria via a TNT connection may be related to GBM drug response as well as proliferation and migration.
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Zhang, Jian Ping, Xiao Yan Lin, Xue Gang Luo, and Chi Zhang. "Fixed Bed Column Studies for the Sorption of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene on the Aminated Lignin." Advanced Materials Research 221 (March 2011): 635–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.221.635.

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A fixed bed column of aminated lignin (AmL) was used for the adsorption of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) from aqueous solution. The effects of AmL, bed height, inlet TNT concentration and feed flow rate on the breakthrough characteristics of the adsorption system were studied. It was found that deeper bed depth, higher initial concentration and lower flow rate were favorable to the adsorption of TNT on the AmL column. The adsorption data fitted well with the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models. The AmL was shown to be suitable adsorbent for adsorption of TNT using fixed-bed adsorption column.
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Askar, S. S., Ahmad M. Alshamrani, and K. Alnowibet. "Analysis of Nonlinear Duopoly Game: A Cooperative Case." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/528217.

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We make further attempts to investigate equilibrium stability of a nonlinear Cournot duopoly game. Our studies in this paper focus on the cooperation that may be obtained among duopolistic firms. Discrete time scales under the assumption of unknown inverse demand function and linear cost are used to build our models in the proposed games. We introduce and study here an adjustment dynamic strategy beside the so-called tit-for-tat strategy. For each model, the stability analysis of the fixed point is analyzed. Numerical simulations are carried out to show the complex behavior of the proposed models and to point out the impact of the models’ parameters on the cooperation.
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VanBuren, Peter, Shari L. Alix, Joseph A. Gorga, Kelly J. Begin, Martin M. LeWinter, and Norman R. Alpert. "Cardiac troponin T isoforms demonstrate similar effects on mechanical performance in a regulated contractile system." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 282, no. 5 (May 1, 2002): H1665—H1671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00938.2001.

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Alteration of troponin T (TnT) isoform expression has been reported in human and animal models of myocardial failure. The two adult beef cardiac TnT isoforms (TnT3 and TnT4) were isolated for comparative functional analysis. Thin filaments were reconstituted containing pure populations of the isoforms. The in vitro motility assay was used to directly compare the effect of the two TnT isoforms on force and unloaded shortening as a function of free calcium. We found no significant differences between the two isoforms in terms of calcium sensitivity, cooperativity, or maximal activation (velocity and force) as assessed in a fully calcium-regulated system. Activation by myosin strong binding was similar for thin filaments containing either of the two TnT isoforms. Whereas maximally activated velocity and cooperativity was depressed at pH 6.5, no difference between thin filaments containing the two isoforms was detected. From the small magnitude of the TnT isoform shifts detected in myocardial failure and the lack of significant mechanical effect detected in the motility assay, variable TnT isoform expression is unlikely to be any functional significance in heart failure.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Modelo TNT"

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Espejo, Lipacho Rodrigo Erik. "Desalineamiento del tipo de cambio real: efectos en la determinación de los precios relativos dentro la economía boliviana." Universidad Mayor de San Andrés. Programa Cybertesis BOLIVIA, 2010. http://www.cybertesis.umsa.bo:8080/umsa/2010/espejo_lr/html/index-frames.html.

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El presente trabajo busca determinar y cuantificar el desalineamiento del Tipo de Cambio Real respecto a su trayectoria de largo plazo, y los efectos que tiene dicho desalineamiento sobre los distintos sectores de la Economía Boliviana a partir del shock positivo de precios internacionales vivido a partir del año 2003 en el contexto mundial. Para dicho fin se ha dividido el mismo en tres partes. En una primera parte se identifica la situación de dicha variable al interior de nuestra economía y se plantea el periodo de estudio (1991 – 2008). En la segunda parte se plantea todo el marco teórico a utilizarse: Se presenta el modelo de PPC, mismo que se descarta, el modelo TNT para determinación del Tipo de Cambio Real, el cual finalmente se utiliza y un modelo de Booming Sector para una economía pequeña y abierta, el cual se utiliza para el testeo de Enfermedad Holandesa. La tercera parte es la de desarrollo a partir de series estadísticas para los modelos planteados en la segunda parte. Se utiliza el Modelo TNT para la obtención del Tipo de Cambio Real, utilizando la metodología de dos pasos de Engel – Granger. El primer paso consiste en plantear y determinar un Tipo de Cambio Real de Equilibrio a partir de variables que lo determinan (Fundamentos del Tipo de Cambio Real). El segundo paso determina la velocidad de ajuste del TCR hacia su trayectoria de equilibrio de largo plazo, luego de un shock externo. Para determinar la trayectoria de equilibrio de largo plazo es necesaria la eliminación de la tendencia para ello se utilizo el filtro de Hodrick y Prescott. A partir de lo anteriormente mencionado, se obtuvo una apreciación del Tipo de Cambio Real de 16% respecto a su trayectoria de equilibrio. Una vez obtenido el resultado que arroja apreciación del Tipo de Cambio Real, se utiliza el modelo de Booming Sector dividiendo a la economía en tres sectores y se corrobora insipiente presencia de Enfermedad Holandesa en la Economía Boliviana, cuantificándose el efecto causado por el boom de precios sobre el nivel de producción sobre los tres sectores en que se divide a la economía.
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Walker, Diane Kathryn. "Impact of a model soil on the biotransformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and its amine metabolites." Thesis, Montana State University, 2004. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2004/walker/WalkerD04.pdf.

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Johnson, Mark Steven. "Development and Application of Non-Traditional Vertebrate Models to Investigate Terrestrial Ecological Risk to 2,46-Trinitrotoluene Exposure." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25987.

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Assessing ecological risk to wildlife exposed to anthropogenic contamination in soil has traditionally been problematic. Attempts to standardize an approach to evaluate risk for various community types in North America have been challenging, given the variation in terrestrial communities and the values in which policy makers are bound to protect. This has resulted in vague, yet flexible guidance from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and other interested parties (e.g., the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the Tri-Service Ecological Risk Assessment Working Group). Interpretation of these and other guidance has been variable, often resulting in conflicting opinions on how best to address the question of ecological risk to receptors that are exposed to xenobiotics in a soil matrix. This work reports the results of research designed to address the question of ecological risk to terrestrial vertebrates. Objective, ecologically-relevant criteria were used in the selection and development of models in this research. Several lines of logic were considered: 1) substance sensitivity, 2) ecological sensitivity (i.e., the species importance to the system; e.g., keystone species); and, 3) probability and extent of exposure. A primary soil contaminant at many U.S. Army installations is 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). This was a result of the mass manufacturing, storing, and assembly of weapons from the early 1900's until the 1950s. The Army has reported soil concentrations of TNT ranging from 0.12 to 38,600 ug/g (Walsh and Jenkins 1992) and 0.08 to 64,000 ug/g (Hovatter et al. 1997). The chemical-physical properties of TNT result in a relatively unique compound, not easily amenable to current modeling techniques to estimate exposure to terrestrial wildlife. Moreover, there are few data describing the effects of exposure to TNT in other than mammals, fish, and specific invertebrates. In this research, the pathways of exposure and selected potential toxic effects from TNT exposure were investigated in a terrestrial salamander: Ambystoma tigrinum (tiger salamanders). A. tigrinum was chosen since they are exclusively carnivorous, relatively long-lived, have a thin integument, and are large enough to investigate individual effects. These investigations were designed to mimic natural conditions as closely as possible, though maintain a degree of homogeneity in a laboratory environment. All studies exposed salamanders to soil and food (earthworms) in identical preparations. As such, these exposures were considered complete, eliminating assumptions made regarding daily food consumption, systemic dermal dose, etc. The first study examined the relative contribution of dermal or oral exposures to the whole-body burdens of TNT and primary metabolites. A poly-chlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture (Aroclor7 1260) was used with TNT to simultaneously to assist in the evaluation of each pathway, since the fate and transport of PCBs are well characterized. Tiger salamanders were exposed 28 days in situ. The dermal route of exposure contributed the most to the final burdens of TNT in salamanders, with the primary reduction products, 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene and 4-amino, 2,6-dinitrotoulene reaching higher concentrations than of parent compound. Other TNT metabolites were found in insignificant quantities. The concentrations of PCBs were higher in the oral treatment, as expected. These results were corroborated in a subsequent study using Ambystoma maculatum (spotted salamanders). The second series of investigations evaluated the potential toxic effects from TNT exposure. Two treatments consisting of TNT and a control were used to evaluate these effects to A. tigrinum. The salamanders were exposed in situ for 14 days to TNT in soil and food (earthworms of which were exposed to TNT in the soil in similar preparations). Non-specific immune effects were evaluated through the characterization of splenic phagocytes in their ability to: 1) phagocytize foreign particles, and 2) digest (through oxygen radicals) phagocytized material. This was conducted using fluorescent microspheres and a fluorescent chemical probe specific to hydrogen peroxide, measured per each cell using flow cytometry. Other data collected included histological examination (e.g., liver, kidney, and other miscellaneous organs), blood differentials, weight changes over time, organ/ body weight comparisons, and an analysis of organ-specific metabolism. No significant effects were noted in salamanders exposed to these conditions. Coordinated with the preceding study included a search for biomarkers of exposure and an investigation of the metabolites of TNT in situ. Biotransformation products of TNT were found including primary (e.g., 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene) and secondary (e.g., 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene) in relative concentrations in skin, liver, and kidney. Biomarkers of exposure included an analysis of cytochrome p450, b5, and the glutathione antioxidant enzymes in liver, kidney, skin, lung, and serum, respectively. Traces of parent compound were found in the skin and liver only. Levels of 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene were found only in the liver and kidney, suggesting that TNT is reduced primarily in or on the skin. Levels of p450 were higher in TNT exposed salamanders than controls. Glutathione and related enzyme levels are reported. This work suggests that salamanders have levels of detoxification enzymes capable of the biotransformation of anthropogenic substances in soil rivaling that of mammals. Another investigation evaluated these same immunological parameters in white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus). This species was chosen based on the relative importance of small mammals to the community structure in many North American ecosystems. Mice were exposed to TNT in the feed at 0.264, 0.066, 0.033, and 0.017%, where actual daily dose estimates for males were 604, 275, 109, and 65; and for females was 544, 282, 143, and 70 mg/kg/d. An investigation to evaluate the specificity of commercially-available monoclonal antibodies specific to cell surface markers for thymocytes and splenocytes in inbred mice was unsuccessful. These results suggest the recognition epitopes of monoclonal antibodies prepared against Old-World mice are not conserved into Peromyscus, a New-World species. However, high dose males and females had larger spleens consistent with the hemolytic effects previously reported for mammals exposed to TNT. Further, males exposed at all levels had reduced phagocytic activity of splenocytes, and reduced hydrogen peroxide production associated with the two highest doses relative to controls. Females showed no response relative to treatment. This research has shown the feasibility for these types of investigations, and provides toxicity information valuable for modeling estimates of ecological risk. Further, the in situ exposures have provided media concentrations that are or are not toxic for species of concern. This type of information reduces the uncertainty associated with ingestion modeling estimates, dermal exposure estimates, and other factors not traditionally considered in toxicity studies.
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Daniels, William Julius. "Van Sendingkerk tot Verenigde Gereformeerde Kerk in Suider Afrika: 1960-1997." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 1998. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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Bergeron, Alison. "Characterization of the Tet-On Grb 7 and Tet-On 14-3-3 sigma mouse models." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97101.

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ErbB2 is overexpressed and amplified in about 30% of all breast tumors and is correlated with poor patient prognosis. ErbB2 knock in mouse models mimic the amplification in chromosome 11 (human chromosome 17q21-25) comprising of ErbB2 and Grb7 and a deletion in chromosome 4 (human chromosome 1p35-36) including 14-3-3σ seen in human breast cancers. Grb7 is an adaptor protein known to regulate cell migration and transcription by interacting with a cell migration protein FAK and a transcription factor protein FHL2. Grb7 overexpression has been linked to an increase in metastasis and poor patient outcome. 14-3-3σ is negative cell cycle protein that is upregulated by p53. Interestingly, 14-3-3σ has a role in down regulating ErbB2 expression by sequestering EGR2 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. These results suggest that 14-3-3σ deletion and Grb7 overexpression in ErbB2 tumors represents an interesting target to study as its deletion may be a targeted event in the development of ErbB2 tumors.To elucidate the role of Grb7 and 14-3-3σ I generated a mouse model utilizing the Tet-On mouse model system whereby these two proteins are overexpressed in the mouse mammary epithelium. Through this study we confirmed successful localized overexpression of both Grb7 and 14-3-3σ in the mouse mammary gland epithelium. Further, we were able to confirm that individual expression of both Grb7 and 14-3-3σ lead to a ductal outgrowth defect during mammary gland development. These observations confirm that Grb7 and 14-3-3σ both play a role in mouse mammary gland development.
ErbB2 est au-dessus d'exprimer et d'amplifier dans environ 30% de toutes les tumeurs de sein et est corrélé avec le pronostic patient pauvre. Le coup en ErbB2 dans des modèles de souris imitent l'amplification en chromosome 11 (chromosome humain 17q21-25) comportant d'ErbB2 et de Grb7 et une suppression en chromosome 4 (chromosome humain 1p35-36) comprenant le  14-3-3σ vu dans les cancers du sein humains. Grb7 est une protéine d'adapteur connue pour régler la migration et la transcription de cellules par l'interaction avec une protéine FAK de migration de cellules et une protéine FHL2 de facteur de transcription. Grb7 au-dessus d'expression a été lié à une augmentation de métastase et de résultats patients pauvres. Le  14-3-3σ est une protéine négative de cycle de cellules qui upregulated par p53. Intéressant, 14-3-3σ a un rôle en réglant vers le bas l'expression ErbB2 en séquestrant EGR2 du noyau au cytoplasme. Ces résultats suggèrent que la suppression 14-3-3σ et le Grb7 au-dessus de l'expression dans les tumeurs ErbB2 représente une cible intéressante pour étudier pendant que sa suppression peut être un événement visé dans le développement des tumeurs ErbB2. Ces résultats suggèrent que la suppression 14-3-3σ et le Grb7 au-dessus de l'expression dans les tumeurs ErbB2 représente une cible intéressante pour étudier pendant que sa suppression peut être un événement visé dans le développement des tumeurs ErbB2. Pour élucider le rôle de Grb7 et de 14-3-3 j'ai produit d'une utilisation de modèle de souris Tet-Sur le système modèle de souris par lequel ces deux protéines soient plus de exprimées dans l'épithélium mammaire de souris. Par cette étude nous avons confirmé réussi localisé au-dessus de l'expression de Grb7 et de 14-3-3σ dans l'épithélium de glande mammaire de souris. De plus, nous pouvions confirmer que l'expression individuelle des deux Grb7 et le  14-3-3 mènent à un défaut ductal de conséquence pendant le développement de glande mammaire. Ces observations confirment que Grb7 et 14-3-3σ les deux jeu un rôle dans le développement de glande mammaire de souris.
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Semerano, Luca. "Active anti-TNF alpha immunization in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis : Relevance to human disease." Paris 13, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA132018.

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Current anti-TNFα treatments (monoclonal antibodies or soluble receptors) radically changed the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other TNFα-related diseases, but even show several drawbacks as far as safety, efficacy and costs are concerned. Active immunization with human TNFα kinoid (TNF-K) is an alternative anti-TNFα strategy that exploits vaccination principle in order to induce the production of polyclonal anti-TNFα Abs by recipients. We show the feasibility of this approach in a disease model that mimics the main features of human RA and that depends on deregulated TNFα production: the human TNFα transgenic mouse. We show that the treatment of arthritic mice with TNF-K dramatically ameliorates the disease, that the production of anti-hTNFα Abs is time-limited and renewable by a boost dose of TNF-K. Conversely, native hTNFα does not induce anti-hTNFα Abs. Immunosuppressant treatments do not seem to impair TNF-K efficacy. We bring evidence that polyclonal and monoclonal anti-TNFα Abs share some key features in their mechanism of action. Both treatments induce the same modifications in regulatory T-cell populations. Moreover, serum level of both polyclonal and monoclonal anti-TNFα Abs is a major factor determining whether the treatment results in protection from articular inflammation and destruction. These results contributed to the development of active anti-TNF immunization in human disease; TNF-K recently entered phase II clinical trials in RA
Les traitements utilisés pour le blocage de la cytokine pro inflammatoire TNFα (anticorps monoclonaux ou récepteurs solubles) ont révolutionné la prise en charge de maladies telles que la polyarthrite rhumatoïde (PR), mais montrent des limites en termes d’efficacité, effets secondaires et coûts. L’immunisation active par le kinoïde du TNFα humain (TNF-K) est une stratégie alternative de ciblage du TNFα, qui exploite le principe de la vaccination pour induire l’hôte à produire des anticorps (Ac) polyclonaux anti-TNFα. Nous montrons la faisabilité de cette approche dans un modèle d’arthrite qui reproduit les caractéristiques essentielles de la PR et qui dépende de la production déréglée de TNFα : la souris transgénique pour le TNFα humain (hTNFα). Nous montrons que le traitement des souris arthritiques par TNF-K améliore nettement la maladie, que la production d’Ac anti-hTNFα est limitée dans le temps et renouvelable par une dose de rappel de TNF-K. Au contraire, le hTNFα natif n’induit pas d’Ac anti-TNFα. Les traitements immunosuppresseurs ne semblent pas limiter l’efficacité du TNF-K. Nous apportons des preuves en faveur d’une homogénéité de fonctionnement entre les Ac polyclonaux et monoclonaux anti-TNFα. En fait, les deux traitements induisent les mêmes modifications des populations cellulaires de cellules T régulatrices. En outre, les taux sériques d’Ac monoclonaux et polyclonaux anti-TNFα sont le principal facteur qui détermine si le traitement protège ou pas de l’inflammation et de la destruction articulaire. Ces résultats ont contribué à faire avancer le développement de cette stratégie jusqu’à la phase II d’expérimentation clinique dans la PR
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Alves, Caio Cesar de Souza. "Infecção intratorácica com Paracoccidioides brasiliensis em modelo experimental murino." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2007. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3201.

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A Paracoccidioidomicose é uma micose sistêmica humana causada pelo fungo dimórfico, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, que acomete, principalmente, indivíduos adultos do sexo masculino. O presente estudo propôs a padronização do modelo de infecção com P. brasiliensis pela via intratorácica em camundongos BALB/c. Este estudo foi monitorado pela detecção do P. brasiliensis através da contagem de unidades formadoras de colônia e pela presença de DNA do fungo nos pulmões dos animais infectados em diferentes pontos pósinfecção (2o, 7o, 15o, 30o, 45o, 60o e 90o dias) e a taxa de sobrevida dos camundongos. Além disto, foram avaliados alguns parâmetros imunológicos como a produção de óxido nítrico, TNF-alpha, IFN-gama, e IL-10 por células presentes no lavado intratorácico, contagem total e diferencial do número de células do lavado intratorácico, o estudo histopatológico dos pulmões e a detecção de anticorpos específicos anti-P. brasiliensis nos pulmões e no soro. Os resultados mostram um aumento gradual do número de colônias e de DNA de P. brasiliensis nos pulmões. Até o 15o dia após a infecção pode ser observado um aumento na produção de óxido nítrico e IFN-gama pelas células do lavado intratorácico, bem como um aumento do número total de células e da porcentagem de leucócitos mononucleares. A partir do 30o dia após a infecção observa-se um aumento de anticorpos específicos (IgG1) no soro e no pulmão, um aumento da produção de IL-10 e TNF-alpha pelas células do lavado intratorácico e conseqüente diminuição da produção de IFN-gama e óxido nítrico. Além disso, observa-se um aumento da porcentagem de células polimorfonucleares no lavado. No estudo histopatológico pode ser constatado um aumento gradual no tamanho e complexidade dos granulomas presentes nos cortes histológicos. Os camundongos utilizados no estudo de sobrevida começaram a morrer no 60o dia após a infecção. Os resultados mostram uma resposta inicial do hospedeiro com um perfil Th1 mudando durante a infecção para uma resposta Th2 que leva ao óbito dos camundongos BALB/c.
Paracoccidioidomycosis or South American blastomycosis, is a chronic granulomatous human male infection caused by the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. The present study it considered the standardization of the model of infection with P. brasiliensis for the intrathoracic route in BALB/c mice. This study was monitored by the detection of the P. brasiliensis through the counting of colony forming units and by the presence of DNA of fungi in the lungs of the infected animals in different points (2, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days) and the survival rate of the mice. Moreover, some immune parameters had been evaluated as the nitric oxide production, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and IL-10 for cells in the intrathoracic washed, total and distinguishing counting of cells of the intrathoracic washed, the lung histopathology and the detection of specific antibodies anti-P. brasiliensis in the lungs and serum. The results show a gradual increase of the number of colonies and P. brasiliensis DNA in the lungs. Until 15 day after the infection can be observed an increase in the nitric oxide production and IFN-gamma for the cells of the washed, as well as an increase of the total number of cells and the percentage of mononuclear. From 30 day after the infection observes an increase of specific antibodies (IgG1) in the serum and the lung, an increase of the production of IL-10 and TNF-alpha for the cells of the washed and consequent reduction of the IFN-gamma production and nitric oxide. Moreover, observed an increase of the percentage of cells polimorphonuclear in the washed. In the histopathology it can be evidenced a gradual increase in the size and complexity of granulomas in the cuts. The mice used in the survival study had started to die in 60 day after the infection. The results show an initial reply of the host with a Th1 profile moving during the infection for a Th2 reply that leads to the death of the BALB/c mice.
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Borges, Antônio Carlos. "Expressão de um fragmento da Miosina Va inibe o crescimento de tumores de melanoma induzidos em modelo animal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17136/tde-10022012-135441/.

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A miosina Va é uma proteína motora envolvida no transporte e posicionamento de vesículas, organelas e mRNA. Além disso, postulou-se que a miosina-Va atua no seqüestro do fator pró-apoptótico, Bmf, no citoesqueleto de actina. Pesquisas realizadas em nosso laboratório demonstraram que um fragmento da miosina Va (MVaf), que corresponde ao sítio ligante de DLC2-Bmf, é capaz de induzir intensa apoptose em células de melanoma e de carcinoma in vitro. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo principal avaliar o potencial do MVaf como agente antitumoral, através de abordagens de terapia gênica em modelo animal. Foram geradas linhagens estabilizadas e com expressão controlada pelo sistema Tet-ON onde a expressão de EGFP ou EGFP-MVaf é induzida com a adição de doxiciclina. Essas linhagens foram testadas quanto à porcentagem de morte por apoptose e ativação de caspases. Tumores foram induzidos em camundongos C57BL/6 por inoculação subcutânea de células tumorigênicas positivas ou não para a expressão de EGFP-MVaf. Também foram utilizadas linhagens de fibroblasto embrionário murino selvagem (MEFs WT) e nocautes para os fatores Bim/Bmf e Bax/Bak (MEFsBim-/-,Bmf-/-; MEFsBax-/-,Bak-/-) para estudos do mecanismo de ação do fragmento da miosina Va. Observou-se que a adição de butirato de sódio potencializa a expressão de EGFP-MVaf e, conseqüentemente, o efeito pró-apoptótico desse fragmento e que essas células são mais sensíveis aos quimioterápicos etoposídeo e taxol, apresentando maior susceptibilidade à apoptose. Verificou-se que a expressão de EGFP-MVaf em células de tumores de melanoma induzidos em camundongos C57BL/6J dificulta o crescimento desses tumores. Quanto ao estudo com MEFs, observou-se que células nocautes para os fatores pró-apoptóticos Bim/Bmf e Bax/Bak são menos susceptíveis à morte induzida pelo fragmento da miosina Va. Indução da expressão de MVaf desencadeia a liberação da proteína proapoptótica Smac (fusionada ao repórter fluorescente Cherry) do espaço intermembranas da mitocôndria para o citoplasma sugerindo que a morte apoptótica induzida por MVaf requer a permeabilização da membrana mitocondrial externa (MOMP). Concluindo, os dados apresentados aqui nos permitem propor o MVaf como uma molécula promissora para o desenvolvimento de novas abordagens terapêuticas contra o câncer.
Myosin Va is a motor protein involved in the transport and positioning of vesicles, organelles and mRNA. Additionally, myosin-Va has been implicated in the sequestering of a proapoptotic factor, Bmf, to the actin cytoskeleton. Research in our laboratory demonstrated that a fragment of myosin Va (MVaf), which corresponds to the binding site of DLC2-Bmf, is capable to induce intense apoptosis in melanoma and carcinoma cells in vitro. Here, our goal was to assess the potential of MVaf as antitumor agent, through gene therapy approaches in animal models. We generated Tet-ON controlled B16-F10 melanoma cells whose expression of EGFP or EGFP-MVaf is induced with the addition of doxycycline. These cells were tested for apoptotic death and activation of caspases, and were used to induce tumors in C57BL/6J mice by subcutaneous inoculation. We also used cell lines of murine embryonic fibroblasts, wild-type (MEFs WT) and knockouts for the proapoptotic proteins Bim/Bmf or Bax/Bak (MEFsBim-/-,Bmf-/-, MEFsBax-/-,Bak-/-), to study the mechanism by which MVaf induces apoptosis. We observed that addition of sodium butyrate to the cultures enhances the EGFP-MVaf expression and, consequently, the pro-apoptotic effect of this fragment. Treated cells were more sensitive to the chemotherapeutic drugs etoposide and taxol, showing a higher susceptibility to apoptosis. Moreover, in vivo induction of EGFP-MVaf expression retards growth of B16-F10 melanoma tumors in mouse model. As for the study with MEFs, we observed that cells knockout for the proapoptotic factors Bim/Bmf or Bax/Bak are less susceptible to death induced by MVaf than wild-type MEFs. Accordingly, we showed that MVaf expression triggers release of the proapoptotic protein Smac (tagged with the fluorescent protein Cherry) supporting the involvement of the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) in the MVaf-induced apoptotic death response. In conclusion, these data lead us to propose MVaf as a promising molecule for the development of new therapeutic approaches against cancer.
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Saxton, Nina Elizabeth. "Anti-TNF-#alpha# treatment in the rat heterotropic cardiac allograft model." Thesis, Open University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321566.

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Mishra, Shrikant. "Mechanism of TNF-[alpha] cytotoxicity in a leukemia virus transformation model /." This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08232007-112933/.

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Books on the topic "Modelo TNT"

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Myers, Tommy E. Application of a semianalytical model to TNT transport in laboratory soil columns. Vicksburg, Miss: U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, 1998.

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Saint-Cyprien, Collections de. Nous nous sommes tant aimés. Paris: Paris musées, 2006.

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Laruelle, François. En tant qu'un: La "non-philosophie" expliquée aux philosophes. [Paris]: Aubier, 1991.

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Naulleau, Eric. Pourquoi tant d'E.N.?: Chroniques et polémiques, 1992-2012. Paris: Jean-Claude Gawsewitch éditeur, 2012.

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Ryner, J. Magnus. Capitalist restructuring, globalisation, and the third way: Lessons from the swedish model. London: Routledge, 2002.

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Kecman, V. State-space models of lumped and distributed systems. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988.

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Binotto, Johannes. Tat/Ort: Das Unheimliche und sein Raum in der Kultur. Zürich: Diaphanes, 2013.

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Grady, C. P. Leslie. Toxic organic compounds: Fate and biodegradation in aerobic systems, Project 92-TFT-2, 1998. Alexandria, VA: Water Environment Research Foundation, 1998.

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Peyrard, Michel. Physique des solitons. Les Ulis: EDP Sciences, 2004.

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Crescenzi, Mark J. C., Rebecca H. Best, and Bo Ram Kwon. Reciprocity in International Studies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.414.

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Reciprocity refers to the character of the actions and reactions between two or more actors. This character is commonly one of responding in kind to the actions of another. As such, reciprocity is considered one of the fundamental processes observed by scholars in the study of international relations (IR). In the realm of international politics, the study of reciprocity typically encompasses formal/experimental and empirical research. Some scholars look at ethical dimensions and the propagation of norms such as the Golden Rule, while others undertake empirical analysis of patterns of reciprocity in search of answers to questions about the existence, predictability, and diffusion of reciprocity. As a concept, reciprocity has applications in a range of IR topics such as the basic ingredients of cooperation, the escalation and return of conflict, and the adherence to international law. Within the realm of conflict processes, the iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (PD) and formal frameworks are often used to represent arms races and similar security concerns. Related to the iterated PD is the work of Robert Axelrod, who demonstrated the robustness of the reciprocal strategy known as tit-for-tat (TFT). One puzzle on reciprocity that deserves consideration in future research is that the expectation of a long time horizon for interaction should stimulate the incentive to cooperate, but long time horizons may also be associated with long pasts. One way to find the answer to this puzzle is to incorporate reciprocity into more general models of international interaction.
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Book chapters on the topic "Modelo TNT"

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Klopfer, Eric, Hal Scheintaub, Wendy Huang, and Daniel Wendel. "StarLogo TNG." In Artificial Life Models in Software, 151–82. London: Springer London, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-285-6_6.

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Vavilov, Vladimir, and Douglas Burleigh. "Physical Models of TNDT." In Infrared Thermography and Thermal Nondestructive Testing, 1–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48002-8_1.

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Akassoglou, Katerina, George Kassiotis, George Kollias, Lesley Probert, Jan Bauer, and Hans Lassmann. "Transgenic Models of Tnf Induced Demyelination." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 245–59. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4685-6_20.

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Minekus, Mans. "The TNO Gastro-Intestinal Model (TIM)." In The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health, 37–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16104-4_5.

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"TAT Model Applications." In Thermodynamic Degradation Science, 144–56. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119276258.ch7.

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Jablanovic, Vesna D. "THE CHAOTIC GROWTH MODEL: INTERNATIONAL TOURISM." In 5th International Thematic Monograph: Modern Management Tools and Economy of Tourism Sector in Present Era, 29–38. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans; Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, Ohrid, North Macedonia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/tmt.2020.29.

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The basic aims of this paper are: firstly, to create a relatively simple chaotic international tourism expenditure growth model that is capable of generating stable equilibria, cycles, or chaos; and secondly, to set up a relatively simple chaotic international tourism receipts growth model. This paper confirms stable growth of the international tourism receipts and expenditures in high-income countries, low & middle-income countries, lower-middle-income countries, middle-income countries, and upper-middle-income countries in the period 1995-2018.
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Marcikic Horvat, Aleksandra, and Kristina Budimcevic. "EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF AIRLINES USING DEA MODEL." In 3rd International Thematic Monograph - Thematic Proceedings: Modern Management Tools and Economy of Tourism Sector in Present Era, 221–30. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans in cooperation with the Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, Ohrid, Macedonia, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/tmt.2018.221.

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Bermúdez, José Luis. "The Bodily Self, Commonsense Psychology, and the Springs of Action." In The Bodily Self. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262037501.003.0011.

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Philosophers and cognitive scientists typically take the springs of action to be beliefs, desires, and other propositional attitudes, with the general idea being that action is caused by desires (or comparable pro-attitudes), guided by belief (or comparable information states). This dominant way of thinking about the springs of action goes hand in hand with the idea that we navigate the social world by tacitly applying a conceptual understanding of how beliefs, desires, and other propositional attitudes work. This paper puts pressure on both guiding ideas. First, it points toward ways of thinking about the springs of action that do not engage the propositional attitudes. There often seems to be a lack of fit between our best models of the representations that generate behavior and the model of representation built into propositional attitude psychology. Evidence for this lack of fit comes from range of sources, from neural network modeling to detailed studies of action control and perceptual processing. Second, and correlatively, I explore tools for achieving social understanding and social coordination that bypass the propositional attitudes. These range from direct perception of emotions to game-theoretic heuristics (such as TIT-FOR-TAT in the iterated prisoner’s dilemma) and what AI theorists terms scripts and frames.
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Marinković, Sanja. "CHALLENGES OF BUSINESS MODEL DIGITALIZATION IN CASE OF TRAVEL AGENCIES." In International Thematic Monograph: Modern Management Tools and Economy of Tourism Sector in Present Era, 307–21. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans; Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/tmt.2019.307.

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Marcikić Horvat, Aleksandra, and Boris Radovanov. "EFFICIENCY OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT: APPLICATION OF DEA AND TOBIT MODEL." In 5th International Thematic Monograph: Modern Management Tools and Economy of Tourism Sector in Present Era, 15–28. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans; Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality, Ohrid, North Macedonia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/tmt.2020.15.

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The main goal of this chapter is to evaluate the relative efficiency of tourism development in 33 European countries using a Two-stage DEA model for the seven-year time period. The output-oriented DEA model with a variable return to scale has been applied, with one input variable (government expenditure for travel and tourism (T&T)) and four output variables (average receipts per arrival, number of international tourist arrivals, T&T share of GDP and T&T share of employment). Results of the first stage showed that the lowest average efficiency scores were achieved in countries that recently joined the European Union, while a significant increase of efficiency is observed in the results of Western Balkan countries. The highest average efficiency score achieved countries in the EU15 group. Results of the second stage indicate the statistically significant relationships of the tourism efficiency scores with average international tourism receipt per arrival, tourism industry share of GDP and share of employment, government prioritization of tourism industry, visa requirements, number of rooms, rate of use and number of natural sites.
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Conference papers on the topic "Modelo TNT"

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Kuznetsov, Ivan A., and Andrey V. Kuznetsov. "Modeling Prion Transport in a Tunneling Nanotube." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62461.

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We develop a model for simulating prion transport in a tunneling nanotube (TNT). We simulate the situation when two cells, one of which is infected, are connected by a TNT. We consider two mechanisms of prion transport: lateral diffusion in the TNT membrane and active actin-dependent transport inside endocytic vesicles. Endocytic vesicles are propelled by myosin Va molecular motors. Since the transit time of prions through a TNT is short (several minutes), the two population model developed here assumes that there is no interchange between the two prion populations, and that partitioning between the prion populations is decided by prion loading at the TNT entrance. The split between the two prion populations at the TNT entrance is decided by the degree of loading, which indicates the portion of prions that enter a TNT in endocytic vesicles. An analytical solution describing prion concentrations and fluxes is obtained.
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Tabari, Arian, Hiwa Khaledi, and Ali Hajilouy Benisi. "Comparative Evaluation of Advanced Gas Turbine Cycles With Modified Blade Cooling Models." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-90932.

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Advanced gas turbine cycles use advanced blade cooling technologies to reach high turbine inlet temperature. Accurate modeling and optimization of these cycles depend on blade cooling model. In this study, different models have been used to simulate gas turbine performance. The first model is the continuous model and the second is stage-by-stage model with alternative methods for calculating coolant, stagnation pressure loss and SPR. Variation of specific heat and enthalpy with temperature are included in both models. The composition of gas stream in turbine is changed step by step due to air cooling. These models are validated by two case study gas turbine results, which show good agreement with manufacture’s data. Then using these models, a comparison between continuous and stage by stage models is done. Results show that the stage by stage model can be improved to use in variable CPR by changing number of turbine stages. Also, the number of film cooled rows and coated rows change the number of cooled rows. This also increases power, efficiency and TET, while reduces coolant mass flow. For high TIT and with current blade cooling technology, efficiency seems to have no increase relative to lower TIT. CAP increases power but decreases efficiency, where with FP efficiency also increases, while power increases too.
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Sylta, O., and A. Kringstad. "Decomposing Pressure Models into Global and Local Domains as Input to Primary Migration Studies." In First EAGE / TNO Workshop. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201412342.

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Rezaei Zangmolk, Behnam, and Hiwa Khaledi. "Development of an Interactive Code for Design and Off-Design Performance Evaluation of Gas Turbines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59483.

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In this paper, development of a modular code for simulation of design and off-design performance of different gas turbines (with different shafts and technology) has been described. This interactive code will be used for different purposes in MPG Company. This turbomachinery and thermodynamic model is based on compressor and turbine maps and blade cooling has been considered with a cooling model. Component maps and effect of IGV have been developed from one of 1D, 2D or Q3d in-house codes. It is demonstrated that this model is accurate for prediction of gas turbine behavior at both design and off-design conditions. Effect of various control system — IGV constant, TIT constant and TET constant — is evaluated. These results show that IGV constant control system has the highest and TIT constant have the lowest efficiency for a simple cycle gas turbine. In contrast, the reverse is true in a combined cycle. Also the results show that the compressor is the most stable and away enough from surge line with IGV constant control system and has the highest efficiency.
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Kim, Seung-Huyn, Yoon-Suk Chang, and Yong-Jin Cho. "Reactor Cavity Analysis Under Steam Explosive Conditions by TNT Model." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63224.

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Steam explosion may occur in nuclear power plants by fuel-coolant interactions when the external reactor vessel cooling strategy is failed. This phenomenon can cause shock wave that endangers surrounding reactor cavity wall due to resulting dynamic effects. Even though extensive researches have been performed to predict influences of the steam explosion, due to complexity of physical phenomena and thermal-hydraulic conditions, it is remained as one of possible hazards. The object of this study is to examine characteristics of reactor cavity and nuclear components under representative steam explosion conditions. In this context, an assembled finite element mesh was generated and evaluated by the trinitrotoluene model. As a result, stresses, strains and displacements of the reactor cavity and nuclear components were calculated. Subsequently, crack evaluation of reinforced concrete was performed and their results were discussed.
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Whitworth, Nicholas, and Caroline Handley. "A CREST model for the RDX/TNT explosive Composition B." In SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2019: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/12.0000943.

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Majoumerd, Mohammad Mansouri, Peter Breuhaus, Jure Smrekar, Mohsen Assadi, Carmine Basilicata, Stefano Mazzoni, Leila Chennaoui, and Giovanni Cerri. "Impact of Fuel Flexibility Needs on a Selected GT Performance in IGCC Application." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68862.

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As part of a European Union (EU) funded H2-IGCC project, a baseline IGCC power plant was established; this was presented at the ASME Turbo Expo 2011 (GT2011-45701). The current paper focuses on a detailed investigation of the impact of using various fuels considering different operating conditions on the gas turbine performance, and the identification of technical solutions for the realization of the targeted fuel flexibility. Using a lumped model, based on real engine data, compressor and turbine maps of the targeted engine were generated and implemented into the detailed GT model made in the commercial heat and mass balance program, IPSEpro. The implementation was done in terms of look-up tables. The impact of fuel change on the gas turbine island has been investigated and reported in this paper. Calculation results show that for the given boundary conditions, the surge margin of the compressor was slightly reduced when natural gas was replaced by hydrogen-rich syngas. The use of cleaned syngas instead of hydrogen-rich syngas resulted in a considerable reduction of the surge margin and elevation of the turbine outlet temperature (TOT) at design point conditions, when keeping the turbine inlet temperature (TIT) and compressor inlet mass flow unchanged. To maintain the TOT and improve the surge margin, when operating the engine with cleaned syngas, a combination of adjustment of variable inlet guide vanes (VIGV) and reduced TIT was considered. A parameter study was carried out to provide better understanding of the current limitations of the engine and to identify possible modifications to improve fuel flexibility.
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Wemhoff, Aaron P., Richard Becker, and Alan K. Burnham. "Calibration of Chemical Kinetic Models Using Simulations of Small-Scale Cookoff Experiments." In ASME 2008 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the Fluids Engineering, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2008-56108.

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Establishing safe handling limits for explosives in elevated temperature environments is a difficult problem that often requires extensive simulation. The largest influence on predicting thermal cookoff safety lies in the chemical kinetic model used in these simulations, and these kinetic model reaction sequences often contain multiple steps. Several small-scale cookoff experiments, notably Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), One-Dimensional Time-to-Explosion (ODTX), and the Scaled Thermal Explosion (STEX) have been performed on various explosives to aid in cookoff behavior determination. Past work has used a single test from this group to create a cookoff model, which does not guarantee agreement with the other experiments. In this study, we update the kinetic parameters of an existing model for the common explosive 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) using DSC and ODTX experimental data at the same time by minimizing a global Figure of Merit based on hydrodynamic simulated data. We then show that the new kinetic model maintains STEX agreement, reduces DSC agreement, and improves ODTX and TGA agreement when compared to the original model. In addition, we describe a means to use implicit hydrodynamic simulations of DSC experiments to develop a reaction model for TNT melting.
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Quan, Lin, and Jun Zhou. "Leveraging TMT heterogeneity to promote firm performance in transition economy: the moderating effects of TMT incentives." In International Conference on Modern Engineering Soultions for the Industry. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/mesi140591.

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Vogiatzis, Konstantinos, Amir Sadjadpour, and Scott Roberts. "TMT telescope structure thermal model." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by George Z. Angeli and Philippe Dierickx. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2056582.

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Reports on the topic "Modelo TNT"

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Rossabi, J. TNX Soil Vapor Extraction Multiphase Model Summary. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/765608.

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Shibata, K., and C. Y. Fu. Recent improvements of the TNG statistical model code. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5411068.

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Schutt, Timothy C., and Manoj K. Shukla. Computational Investigation on Interactions Between Some Munitions Compounds and Humic Substances. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39703.

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Humic acid substances (HAs) in natural soil and sediment environments effect the retention and degradation of insensitive munitions compounds and legacy high explosives (MCs): DNAN, DNi- NH4+, nMNA, NQ, NTO (neutral and anionic forms), TNT, and RDX.A humic acid model compound has been considered using molecular dynamics, thermodynamic integration, and density functional theory to characterize the munition binding ability, ionization potential, and electron affinity compared to that in the water solution. Humic acids bind most compounds and act as both a sink and source for electrons. Ionization potentials suggest HAs are more susceptible to oxidation than the MCs studied. The electron affinity of HAs are very conformation-dependent and spans the same range as the munition compounds. When HAs and MCs are complexed the HAs tend to radicalize first thus buffering MCs against reductive as well as oxidative attacks.
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Bedoya-Maya, Felipe, Lynn Scholl, Orlando Sabogal-Cardona, and Daniel Oviedo. Who uses Transport Network Companies?: Characterization of Demand and its Relationship with Public Transit in Medellín. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003621.

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Transport Network Companies (TNCs) have become a popular alternative for mobility due to their ability to provide on-demand flexible mobility services. By offering smartphone-based, ride-hailing services capable of satisfying specific travel needs, these modes have transformed urban mobility worldwide. However, to-date, few studies have examined the impacts in the Latin American context. This analysis is a critical first step in developing policies to promote efficient and sustainable transport systems in the Latin-American region. This research examines the factors affecting the adoption of on-demand ride services in Medellín, Colombia. It also explores whether these are substituting or competing with public transit. First, it provides a descriptive analysis in which we relate the usage of platform-based services with neighborhood characteristics, socioeconomic information of individuals and families, and trip-level details. Next, factors contributing to the election of platform-based services modeled using discrete choice models. The results show that wealthy and highly educated families with low vehicle availability are more likely to use TNCs compared to other groups in Medellín. Evidence also points at gender effects, with being female significantly increasing the probability of using a TNC service. Finally, we observe both transit complementary and substitution patterns of use, depending on the context and by whom the service is requested.
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Chen, Dan, and Qiang Zhou. Induction of Apoptosis by Targeting the Microtubule Network: Using HIV Tat as a Model System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada415803.

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Chen, Dan, and Qiang Zhou. Induction of Apoptosis by Targeting the Microtubule Network: Using HIV Tat as a Model System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada428033.

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McCollam, K. Analysis of Fe(n,x[gamma]) cross sections using the TNG nuclear reaction model code. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6549441.

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Genser, K. L., R. Hatcher, G. Perdue, H. Wenzel, J. Yarba, SLAC SLAC, and D. H. Wright. A Toolkit tot Study Sensitivity of the Geant4 Predictions to the Variations of the Physics Model Parameters. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1460393.

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Shelley, John. Modeling the effect of increased sediment loading on bed elevations of the Lower Missouri River. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40360.

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This US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) National Regional Sediment Management Technical Note (RSM-TN) documents the effects of increased sediment loading to the Missouri River on bed elevations in the lower 498 miles. This was accomplished using a one-dimensional (1D) HEC-RAS 5.0.7 sediment model.
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Moores, Lee, Stacy Jones, Garrett George, David Henderson, and Timothy Schutt. Photo degradation kinetics of insensitive munitions constituents nitroguanidine, nitrotriazolone, and dinitroanisole in natural waters. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41900.

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Herein the matrix effects on the kinetics of aqueous photolysis for the individual munitions constituents of IMX-101: nitroguanidine (NQ), dinitroanisole (DNAN), and nitrotriazolone (NTO) are reported along with the environmentally relevant kinetics and quantum yields. Photolysis potentially represents a major degradation pathway for these munitions in the environment and further understanding the complex matrices effects on photolytic kinetics was needed. Aqueous systems are of particular interest due to the high solubility of NQ (3,800 ppm) and NTO (16,642 ppm) compared to the traditional munitions trinitrotoluene (TNT, 100.5 ppm) and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX, 59.9 ppm). Environmental half-lives (and quantum yields) were found to be 0.44 days, 0.83 days, and 4.4 days for NQ, DNAN, and NTO, respectively, under natural sunlight. In laboratory experiments using nominally 300 nm bulbs in a merry-go-round style reactor in DI water the relative rate of photolysis for the three munitions constituents followed the same order NQ > DNAN > NTO, where DNAN and NTO reacted 57 and 115 times more slowly, respectively, than NQ. In the various environmentally relevant matrices tested in the laboratory experiments NQ was not significantly affected, DNAN showed a faster degradation with increasing ionic strength, and NTO showed a modest salinity and pH dependence on its rate of photolysis.
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