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Jones, Matthew Steven. "Cognitive Strategies Used During Moderate Intensity Running." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1435670465.
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Kim, Jong-Kyung. "Exercise mode comparisons of acute energy expenditure during moderate intensity exercise in obese adults." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1244097.
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Previous studies have suggested that if exercise intensity is established by perceived effort, the metabolic demand varies among exercise machines and the treadmill optimizes energy expenditure (EE). However, these studies have been completed utilizing young people with normal body fat percentages. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess whether there was a difference in acute energy expenditure when obese people used different exercise modes at a self-selected intensity (RPE 11-12) commonly recommended for overweight individuals. Twelve obese subjects (7 male; 5 female; BMI >29 kg/m2), aged 37-71 years completed two familiarization trials on four machines: treadmill (TM), stationary cycle (C), Body Trec elliptical arm/leg (BT), and Airdyne (AD). On separate days, subjects then completed a 15 minute trial on each machine at a self-selected intensity corresponding to a target RPE of I 1-12 on the Borg 15 point scale. Machine order was randomly assigned, and subjects were blinded to the workload throughout each trial. Workload was self-adjusted during the first 5 minutes and then remained stable for the rest of the trial. Physiological data were obtained during the last five minutes of each trial via HR telemetry and the Aerosport TEEM 100. The group means were compared across modes using a one-way repeated measures ANOVA. Significant differences (p <0.05) were observed across exercise modes for energy expenditure. The BT produced the highest rate of energy expenditure among exercise machines and C the lowest (8.0±2.0, 6.6±2.1, 6.3±2.0, 5.3±2.1 Kcal/min, for BT, TM, AD, and C, respectively). These results suggest that perceptually-based exercise prescriptions are not reliable across modes typically found in a fitness center environment, and that weight-bearing arm/leg exercise optimizes EE during self-selected exercise of moderate intensity in obese subjects.School of Physical Education
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Akbari, Pegah. "Exploration of Heat Strain during Light to Moderate Intensity Exercise throughout Pregnancy." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38335.
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Regular physical activity is recommended in healthy pregnancies and has been shown to mitigate adverse pregnancy outcomes. Despite the benefits, many women do not adhere to the recommendations due to concerns of exercise-induced heat stress and the dangers it could pose to the developing fetus. While the majority of the concerns raised are not grounded in evidence, currently there are no studies that directly examine the isolated influence of pregnancy on metabolic heat production resulting from physical activity. Additionally, despite the prevalent use of psycho-physical tools in clinical settings, there is a scarcity of literature exploring the relationship between the physiological and perceptual measures of exercise-induced heat strain in the pregnant population. Therefore, objective one of this thesis was to quantify the heat production resulting from light to moderate physical activity (intensities recommended during pregnancy) throughout gestation. Secondly, in objective two, physiological and perceptual measures of thermal strain were compared and assessed throughout pregnancy. In evaluating the change in heat production resulting from exercise (objective one), 10 non-pregnant control (30±1 yrs; BMI=22.3±0.8 kg/m2) and 10 pregnant (32±1 yrs; pre-pregnancy BMI=22.8±0.8 kg/m2) women performed a seven stage submaximal walking test in a thermal controlled chamber (23ºC). Testing was performed during their 1st (T1, 12-16 wks), 2nd (T2, 24-28 wks) and 3rd (T3, 34-38 wks) trimester of pregnancy while metabolic heat production was measured through indirect calorimetry. To assess the changes in thermal and perceptual strain (objective two), 16 non-pregnant control (32±1 yrs; BMI=22.7±0.7 kg/m2), and 20 pregnant (32±1; pre-pregnancy BMI=23.2±0.6 kg/m2) women underwent a graded walking exercise protocol at T2 and T3. Over the course of this test, heart rate, tympanic temperature (Ttymp), skin temperature (Tskin), rate of perceived exertion (RPE, 20-point scale) and thermal sensation (9-point scale) were assessed. Findings from this thesis show that for the same given progressive exercise test, women in T1 experienced similar metabolic heat production to their non-pregnant counterparts. However, as pregnancy progressed, women exhibited on average, a 7-8% increase in heat production per trimester of pregnancy that can be accounted for by weight gain. Further, at baseline conditions, heart rate responses increased with pregnancy, while Ttymp remained unchanged and Tskin decreased. In response to exercise, the magnitude of change in heart rate, Ttymp and Tskin did not differ between gestational conditions. Finally, a strong correlation was identified between heart rate and RPE throughout pregnancy, while thermal sensation only directly correlated with Ttymp and not Tskin. Overall, the present findings suggest that while the same progressive exercise test results in greater levels of heat production as pregnancy progresses, this is not observed in physiological or perceptual measures of heat strain. Rather, findings of this thesis support the notion of improved thermoregulatory responses to account for the increase in metabolic heat production. Moreover, the present thesis provides support for the use of the RPE and thermal sensation scales as effective psycho-physical tools in the pregnant population under conditions of light to moderate exercise in normothermic conditions.
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Marshall, Daniel N. "Music With and Without Lyrics Increases Motivation, Affect, and Arousal during Moderate-Intensity Cycling." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1011790/.
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Music is used to distract, energize, and entertain during exercise by producing positive psychological and physiological responses. Specifically, listening to music during exercise enhances performance, increases motivation, improves affect, and optimizes arousal. Researchers have identified several elements of music that may moderate this relationship, including lyrics. However, few studies to date have examined the influence of motivational lyrics on psychological and physiological states during exercise. Thus, the primary purpose was to investigate the effects of lyrics in music on motivation, affect, arousal, and perceived exertion during moderate intensity cycling. Thirty (Mage = 21.0 ± 2.9 years old) college-aged individuals performed three, 8-min acute bouts of moderate-intensity exercise on a cycle ergometer during music with lyrics (ML), music without lyrics (MNL), and no music control (MC) conditions. Measures of motivation, affect, arousal, and perceived exertion were taken before and after a 6-min warm-up, every 2-min during the exercise bout, and following a 2-min cool-down. For ML and MNL conditions, participants reported higher motivation, affect, and arousal during exercise relative to the MC condition. As expected, RPE increased throughout the exercise period, with no condition differences observed. Additionally, there were no differences in responses between the ML and MNL conditions. Collectively, these results suggest that music, regardless of lyrical content, can enhance psychological responses during exercise. The current findings may help address common exercise barriers and inform exercise practitioners on music selection to improve exercise adherence.
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Collins, Jessica Rose. "Impact of High Intensity Interval Training Versus Traditional Moderate Intensity Continuous Training on Critical Power and the Power-Duration Relationship." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9185.
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Critical Power (CP) is the greatest power that a person can sustain for prolonged periods of time while maintaining steady state conditions. Work-prime (W’) is the amount of work that can be tolerated when exercising in non-steady-state conditions above CP. A person’s CP and W’ strongly influence the metabolic response and tolerance to exercise. PURPOSE: Compare the effect of equal amounts of moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) on CP and W’. Critical Power (CP) is the greatest power that a person can sustain for prolonged periods of time while maintaining steady state conditions. Work-prime (W’) is the amount of work that can be tolerated when exercising in non-steady-state conditions above CP. A person’s CP and W’ strongly influence the metabolic response and tolerance to exercise. PURPOSE: Compare the effect of equal amounts of moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) on CP and W’. METHODS: Twenty-two (10 female) untrained, young (26.4 ± 0.9 years) adults completed 8 weeks of cycling training (40 min, 3 per week) administered as either MICT cycling (44% max work rate achieved during a maximal graded exercise test; GXTmax) or HITT cycling (4 bouts at 80% GXTmax for 4 min with recovery intervals between). Cycling V̇O2max, CP, W’ and Anaerobic Capacity (i.e., Wingate) were determined before and after training. Specifically, CP was assessed with the work-over-time method derived from 4–5 constant-power tests to exhaustion. RESULTS: MICT (n = 11) and HIIT (n = 11) groups completed the same amount of work over the course of the training (P = 0.76). CP significantly increased in both groups, but to a greater extent in the HIIT group (MICT: 15.7 ± 3.1% vs. HIIT: 27.5 ± 4.3%; P = 0.04). The work that could be performed above CP (i.e., W’) was not significantly impacted by training (p = 0.76). V̇O2max significantly increased in both groups (P < 0.01), and the magnitude tended to be greater in the HIIT group (MICT: 8.3 ± 2% vs. HIIT: 14 ± 2.6%; P = 0.09). Interestingly, the training-induced change in CP was not significantly related to the training-induced change in V̇O2max. The training-induced increase in CP exhibited a positive curvilinear relationship with the training intensity, expressed as a percentage of the initial CP, with those performing the same workout at a greater percentage of CP exhibiting greater training-induced increases in CP (R2 = 0.49, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: HIIT elicits approximately twice the increase in CP than an equal amount of MICT in untrained young adults. Moreover, the magnitude of increase in CP is strongly related to the intensity of the exercise, relative to CP, even when exercising at the same percentage of GXTmax. Thus, exercise may be more effectively prescribed relative to CP, rather than V̇O2max or GXTmax.
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Reisi, Ayddin Grandjean Peter W. "Short-term changes in health status after cigarette smoking and moderate-intensity exercise." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Fall/Thesis/REISI_AYDDIN_16.pdf.
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Strath, Scott J. "The effect of a light-moderate versus hard exercise intensity on health and fitness benefits." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1115726.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a light-moderate versus hard exercise intensity on health and fitness benefits in a previously sedentary population. Twenty-six subjects, 17 male (mean age 45 + 3 yrs), 9 female (mean age 48 + 3 yrs) with at least one coronary artery disease risk factor volunteered to participate in this study. Subjects underwent laboratory testing comprising of, resting heart rate and blood pressure, body composition, blood lipid analysis and aerobic capacity (V02 ), prior to and 22-32 weeks after participating > 2 days per week in the Adult Physical Fitness Program (APFP) at Ball State University. After an initial exercise prescription subjects self selected an exercise intensity between 40-80% of their maximal heart rate range (MHRR) at which to train. Subjects were then grouped into those who trained at < 60% (light-moderate) and those who trained at > 60% (hard) of their MHRR.Those that self selected a hard training intensity did show a significantly greater decrease in diastolic blood pressure than the light-moderate intensity group. Subjects received a main training effect with a mean decrease in systolic blood pressure (123 ± 2.8 to 119 ± 2.4 mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (78 ± 2.2 to 75 ± 1.7 mmHg), and mean increases for HDL-cholesterol (49 ± 2.5 to 53 ± 2.8 mg/dL), absolute functional capacity (2.676 +.162 to 2.843 +.169 L/min) and relative functional capacity (30.2 ± 1.5 to 32.8 + 1.8 ml/kg/min). In conclusion this study demonstrated health and fitness benefits when training at least 2 days per week with greater effects when training at a hard versus light-moderate intensity with regards to diastolic blood pressure.School of Physical Education
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Wilson, Timothy Dale. "The effects of prior heavy intensity exercise on oxygen uptake kinetics and aortic mean blood velocity during moderate intensity exercise in older adults." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0004/MQ42225.pdf.
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Cochran, Heather L. "Investigation of methods to determine individualized thresholds for moderate and vigorous intensity from accelerometer measurements." CardinalScholar 1.0, 2009. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1538080.
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Access to abstract permanently restricted to Ball State community onlyAccess to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only
School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science
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Hawley, John Alan. "Limits to exogenous glucose oxidation by skeletal muscle during prolonged, moderate-intensity exercise in man." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27121.
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Several factors may determine the rate. at which exogenous carbohydrate (CHO) is utilised by the human working muscles during prolonged (> 90 min moderate-intensity (63% of peak sustained power output [PPO]) exercise. These include i) the rate of gastric emptying of an ingested fluid, ii) the rate of digestion, absorption and subsequent transport of glucose into the systemic circulation, and iii) the rate of glucose uptake and oxidation by the working muscles. To test the hypothesis that the rate of gastric emptying is the primary factor limiting the rate of CHO delivery to the working muscles during exercise, uniformly labelled ¹⁴carbon (U-¹⁴C) tracer techniques were used in association with conventional gas exchange measurements and post-exercise gastric aspiration to compare the rates of gastric emptying, intestinal CHO delivery and ingested CHO oxidation from 15 g/100 ml solutions of glucose, maltose, a 22 chain-length glucose polymer, and an isocaloric 'soluble' starch preparation. Two groups of six highly-trained male cyclists or triathletes each ingested two of the test drinks which were given as a 400 ml loading bolus immediately before and then as eight 100 ml feedings at 10 min intervals during 90 min of continuous cycling at a work rate of 63% of PPO (~70% of maximal oxygen consumption [VO₂ₘₐₓ]).
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Osei-Tutu, Kannin Enock Kwasi Baifie. "The effects of two different, self-monitored, home-based, moderate-intensity exercise programs on mood." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0006/MQ36371.pdf.
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Johnson, Ariel M. "Effects of an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise on postprandial lipemia and airway inflammation." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17555.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Kinesiology
Craig A. Harms
Obesity and asthma often coexist in the same people. Both are characterized by the presence of low-grade systemic inflammation. A high-fat diet may contribute to concurrent development of both conditions by promoting a pro-inflammatory postprandial environment leading to a transient accumulation of blood lipids (postprandial lipemia; PPL) and acute airway inflammation. Previous results from our lab have shown an ~20% increase in airway inflammation two hours after consuming a high-fat meal (HFM) that was significantly associated with increased plasma triglycerides. While acute exercise has been shown to attenuate PPL, it is unknown whether these protective effects will translate to reduced airway inflammation after a high-fat meal. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of an acute bout of exercise on airway inflammation after a HFM. We tested the hypothesis that an acute bout of exercise 12 hours before a high-fat meal would protect against subsequent airway inflammation in healthy men and would be related to the decreased PPL and systemic inflammatory markers. METHODS: In a randomized cross-over study, 12 healthy college-aged men consumed a HFM (1g fat/1kg body weight) 12 hours following exercise (EX; 60 min at 60% VO2max) or without exercise (CON). Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO; measure of airway inflammation), blood lipid profiles (venous sample; total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, glucose), inflammatory markers (hsCRP, TNF-[alpha], IL-6) and pulmonary function tests (PFT) (forced expiratory volume in 1-s,forced vital capacity, forced expiratory flow at 25-75% of vital capacity) were measured pre-HFM, two hours, and four hours post-HFM. RESULTS: Baseline eNO was not different (p>0.05) between trials. eNO increased (p<0.05) post HFM at two hours in the both CON and EX conditions. eNO between trials was not different (p>0.05). Triglycerides were significantly increased two and four hours post HFM but were not different (p>0.05) between conditions. There was no relationship (p>0.05) between eNO and triglycerides or systemic inflammatory markers for any time point in either condition. Pulmonary function did not differ (p>0.05) between any condition. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise 12 hours before a HFM does not attenuate postprandial airway inflammation or lipemia in healthy college-aged men.
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Bowen, Mary. "Sex Differences in the Oxygen Uptake Kinetic Response to Moderate Intensity Exercise in Obese Adolescents." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/332.
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The oxygen uptake (VO2) kinetic response to exercise provides insight into aerobic performance and the efficiency of the body to maintain oxygen demand during the initiation of exercise. Previous research in normal weight children reports insignificant differences in gender VO2 on-kinetic responses to moderate exercise. No study has evaluated the impact obesity may have on gender VO2 on-kinetics. PURPOSE: To determine if sex differences exist in the VO2 kinetic response to moderate exercise in obese adolescents. METHODS: Male (n=16) and female (n=39) adolescents completed a graded exercise test to exhaustion on a treadmill. Data from initial 4-min treadmill walking was used to determine a time constant. RESULTS: The time constant was significantly different (P=0.009) between obese male and female adolescents (15.42±7.31 s vs. 22.03±8.56 s, respectively). CONCLUSION: Sex differences exist in VO2 on-kinetics during moderate exercise in obese adolescents indicating an enhanced potential for males to deliver and/or utilize oxygen.
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Snow, Nicholas Jacob. "Effects of an acute bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on motor learning and neuroplasticity." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/55113.
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Aerobic exercise has been promoted as a possible adjunct therapy to neurorehabilitation practice, given its positive effects on brain health. In healthy young adults, acute high-intensity cycling can enhance motor performance and learning of a complex motor task, and promote neuroplasticity in the motor system. However, clinical populations may not be able to participate in high-intensity exercise. To date there is inconsistent evidence for the efficacy of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise to alter motor learning and neuroplasticity in healthy young adults. Using two experiments, we aimed to determine how acute moderate-intensity cycling affects motor behavior and neuroplasticity in healthy young individuals. First, 16 participants practiced a complex motor skill after 30 minutes of moderate-intensity cycling or seated rest, on separate occasions. Motor performance was assessed at baseline, immediately after, and 5 minutes after exercise or rest. Twenty-four hours later, we assessed motor learning at a no-exercise retention test. Under the exercise condition, participants maintained performance over time, whereas, performance diminished over time under the rest condition, and became worse than post-exercise performance. Conditions did not differ at retention. Second, another group of 16 participants underwent paired associative stimulation (PAS) a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocol known to induce neuroplasticity in the motor system. Effects of PAS were separately compared after a 30-minute bout of moderate-intensity cycling versus seated rest. At baseline, immediately after PAS, and 30 minutes post-PAS, we measured corticomotoneuronal excitability and excitability of intracortical neural circuits using TMS. We found that PAS increased corticomotoneuronal excitability when performed after exercise, but not rest. Exercise and PAS modulated activity in specific neural circuits post-intervention, without similar results under the rest condition. Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise can promote neuroplasticity in the motor system, but in this study similar effects did not transfer to behavioral measures of motor learning. In order to evaluate the clinical feasibility of this pairing moderate intensity exercise with skilled motor practice, we must first elucidate the dose-response effects of exercise on motor behavior, explore timing effects of exercise on motor learning, and examine how long-term pairing of exercise with practice impacts motor learning.Medicine, Faculty of
Graduate
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Evans, Elizabeth Serex Battaglini Claudio L. "Cardiovascular and blood lactate responses to low, moderate, and high intensity aerobic exercise in breast cancer patients is exercise intensity a true reflection of perceived exertion? /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1840.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 11, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Exercise and Sport Science Exercise Physiology." Discipline: Exercise and Sports Science; Department/School: Exercise and Sport Science.
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Deb, Sanjoy K. "Sodium bicarbonate as an ergogenic aid in acute moderate hypoxic conditions : the effect on severe intensity exercise." Thesis, Edge Hill University, 2018. http://repository.edgehill.ac.uk/10798/.
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Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is a pre-exercise alkalotic buffering agent that is ingested to alleviate accumulation of hydrogen anions during exercise. As such, this supplement has been extensively used in scientific literature to assess NaHCO3 ergogenic properties during high intensity exercise. These ergogenic properties are likely to be apparent when exercise perturbs the acid-base balance with excessive H+ accumulation; therefore, the lowest intensity at which NaHCO3 may exert an ergogenic effect is during exercise performed within the severe intensity domain. The physiological characteristics of severe intensity exercise include exacerbated rise in [bla], and therefore acid-base perturbations, until the termination of exercise. The environmental conditions can also have an additive physiological stress to exercise; indeed, acute hypoxia increases the relative energy contribution of anaerobic glycolysis. The resultant effect is an exacerbated rise in H+ during exercise, which may, at least in part, contribute to the ergolytic effect of acute hypoxia on exercise performance and capacity. As such, severe intensity exercise performed in acute hypoxic conditions may benefit from NaHCO3 ingestion to alleviate acidic stress and mitigate for the ergolytic effect of acute hypoxia. The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of NaHCO3 on severe intensity exercise performed in acute hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, this effect was evaluated through the parameter of the powerduration relationship (i.e. CP and W') during all-out, intermittent and constant load exercise to exhaustion. Together, this series of investigations are the first to demonstrate that NaHCO3 may be an effective ergogenic aid in acute moderate hypoxic conditions. In particular, this effect was observed during exercise in the severe intensity domain, with NaHCO3 enhancing the capacity of W' during all-out and constant load exercise; along with increasing volume of work that can be performed at this intensity during intermittent exercise. Indeed, Chapter six demonstrated that NaHCO3 may accelerate the rate of recovery during intermittent exercise when applied to the W'bal model. Interestingly, this thesis is the first to identify the presence of an intensity dependant effect, with the magnitude of NaHCO3 ergogenicity diminishing as exercise intensity rises from the severe intensity domain to supra-maximal intensities. Further research should consider testing these hypotheses in alternative ambient conditions to determine the efficacy of NaHCO3 (e.g. in normoxic conditions or in combined extreme environmental conditions).
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Teeman, Colby S. "Does moderate intensity exercise in the postprandial period attenuate the inflammatory response to a high-fat meal?" Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/32795.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Human Nutrition
Sara K. Rosenkranz
Background: High-fat meals (HFM) have been shown to increase postprandial lipemia (PPL) and inflammation. Acute exercise both pre and post-meal has been shown to attenuate PPL and inflammation. However, studies examining the interaction of HFMs and exercise on PPL and inflammation have used meal and exercise conditions more extreme than typical for average adults. The purpose of this study was to determine if moderate intensity exercise following a "true-to-life" HFM would attenuate PPL and inflammation. Methods: Participants were thirty-nine young adults (18-40 years) with no known metabolic disease. Inclusion criteria consisted of participants meeting physical activity guidelines of ≥ 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity or ≥ 75 min/week of vigorous activity, or < 30 min of planned physical activity per week. Participants were block randomized to EX or CON groups. Participants consumed a HFM of 10 kcal/kgbw. The EX group walked at 60% VO[subscript 2peak] to expend ≈ 5 kcal/kgbw beginning one-hour following the HFM. The CON group remained sedentary during the postprandial period. Blood samples were collected at baseline and 2, and 4hrs postprandially. Results: At baseline, there were no differences between EX and CON groups for any metabolic or inflammatory markers (p>0.05). Postprandial TRG increased ≈ 100% (p<0.001) in both groups, with no differences between groups. HDL concentrations decreased across time in both groups (p<0.001) with no differences between groups (p=0.338). HDL was higher in the EX group at 2hrs (p=0.047), but not 4hrs (p=0.135). IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations did not change over time with no differences between groups (p>0.05). The EX group increased sVCAM-1 from baseline to 4hr (p=0.003), while the CON group did not. Change in TRG was associated with change IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α from baseline to 2hrs when controlling for VO[subscript 2peak] and body fat%. No other associations were seen between change scores for TRG and inflammatory markers. Conclusions: Despite significant increases in PPL following a HFM, moderate intensity exercise in the postprandial period did not mitigate the PPL nor the inflammatory response to the HFM. These results indicate PPL and inflammation following a HFM are not directly related in a young, healthy population with low metabolic risk.
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Long, Meghan. "Comparison of High Intensity Interval Training Versus Moderate Intensity Continuous Training in a Phase II Cardiac Rehabilitation Program." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1498769361795025.
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Fedor, Elizabeth Ann. "Caffeine Supplementation and Moderate Intensity Exercise Modulates the Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Subset (CD+8) in NaIve and Tolerant Individuals." TopSCHOLAR®, 2010. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/232.
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The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of caffeine supplementation on caffeine tolerant and caffeine naïve individual’s lymphocyte counts, apoptosis and migration levels. In addition, effects of exercise on post-caffeine ingestion lymphocyte counts, apoptosis and migration levels were determined. It was hypothesized that caffeine would alter the immune system cell counts, but that exercise would be able to restore the immune system to homeostasis. Seventeen Western Kentucky University students were tested (males n=7, females n=10; n=7: caffeine tolerant= 200mg or more per day group, n=9: caffeine naïve= 50mg or less per day group). In this double-blind investigation, all participants completed two exercise bouts: 30 min of treadmill running at 60-80% HRR once with a placebo drink before exercise and once with 6 mg/kg body weight of caffeine drink completed in a counterbalanced manner. Blood was taken at rest, 30 min after drink ingestion, immediately post exercise, and 60 min post exercise. Blood was stained with antibody markers (Annexin V to determine apoptotic cell counts, CX3CR1 to determine cell migration, CD4=helper T cells, CD8=cytotoxic T cells, CD19=B cells). Blood was analyzed using flow cytometry. We found that cytotoxic T cells showed significant increases following the caffeinated run in both groups combined (tolerant and naïve, p=0.001) and specifically in the naïve group on the caffeine run (p=.004). We did not see any significant changes in CD4, or CD19 cell counts. There were no significant changes in CD4, CD8 or CD19 cell migration or apoptosis. Our results showed that caffeine supplementation causes an increased effect on cytotoxic T cells counts when combined with exercise, and this effect was greater for the caffeine naïve group. The combined effects of caffeine and exercise may have elevated the plasma catecholamine and cortisol levels which are associated with immune cell function and movement. CD8 cells have a greater density of β-receptors, which are influenced by catecholamine, and may explain the increase in their cell counts compared to CD4 and CD19.
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Taylor, Taryn-Lise. "The effect of moderate and high-intensity exercise on the supportive effectiveness of 3M underwrap in ankle taping." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ58095.pdf.
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Birkemeier, Kristy L. "The Effect of Postprandial Lipidemia on Endothelial Function Following Moderate Intensity Exercise in Endurance Athletes vs. Non-endurance Athletes." Ohio Dominican University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oduhonors1367854381.
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Dawson, Nicole T. "Examining the Effects of A Moderate-Intensity Home-Based Functional Exercise Intervention on Cognition and Function in Individuals with Dementia." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1435768988.
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Metcalf, Kristen Marie. "Effects of moderate to vigorous-intensity physical activity on nocturnal and next day hypoglycemia in adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2580.
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Physical activity (PA) provides many benefits to adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D); however, adolescents with T1D tend to have lower fitness and PA levels. One reason adolescents with T1D engage in less PA is due to a fear of hypoglycemia. Most studies examining PA in relation to glycemic control measure PA through self-report, thus introducing bias. The purpose of this study was to objectively monitor PA and glucose in adolescents with T1D to examine the temporal associations between moderate and vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and hypoglycemia.
Twenty participants (14 to 19 yr, n=10 females and 10 males) with a T1D diagnosis for at least 1 year were recruited. Participant fitness was evaluated via indirect calorimetry during a maximal treadmill exercise test, and body composition was measured using air displacement plethysmography. An accelerometer (GENEActiv, Activinsights Ltd, Kimbolton, UK) was worn on the wrist continuously for 7 days and the waveform data used to estimate MVPA in min/d. Blood glucose values were simultaneously tracked using continuous glucose monitoring (DexCom SEVEN PLUS, San Diego, CA). After controlling for gender, % body fat (%BF), and fitness, the likelihood of hypoglycemia (¡Ü 70 mg/dl) at nighttime or the next day due to MVPA was examined using logistic regression.
Participants were of avg fitness (females: 43.9 ml/kg/min; males: 49.8 ml/kg/min) and fatness (females: 26.2%; males: 19.2%), and 63.2% of participants met the US federal guidelines of accumulating 60 min/d of MVPA. Hypoglycemia was 22% more likely in those who had 30 min/d more MVPA than those with less (95% CI: 1.03, 1.45; p =0.022).
The results indicate that participating in MVPA increases the risk of hypoglycemia during the night time and the following day. The relationship is independent of gender, %BF and fitness. While promoting PA as a healthy behavior, it is important to educate adolescents with T1D on prevention of hypoglycemia following PA.
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Starks, Michael Anthony. "The effects of a 600 mg dose of soy phosphatidylserine on cortisol, growth hormone and testosterone response to moderate intensity exercise /." Full text available from ProQuest UM Digital Dissertations, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.umiss.lib.olemiss.edu/pqdweb?index=0&did=1850459371&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1279306653&clientId=22256.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Mississippi, 2008.Typescript. Vita. "May 2008." Major professor: Scott Owens Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-104). Also available online via ProQuest to authorized users.
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Lee, Patrick. "The effect of calcium-channel blockade on oxygen uptake kinetics during moderate and heavy intensity exercise in young and old adults." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ58052.pdf.
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McMahon, Sarah Kate. "Glucose requirements to maintain euglycaemia during and following moderate intensity afternoon exercise in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus : an insight to the risk of exercise-associated hypoglycaemia." University of Western Australia. School of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0084.
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Exercise has a wide range of benefits for patients with type 1 diabetes, including improvements in body composition, cardiovascular risk profile and glycaemic control. Unfortunately, exercise also increases the risk of hypoglycaemia in children with type 1 diabetes, both at the time of exercise and for many hours afterwards. The availability of clear, evidence-based guidelines regarding appropriate adjustments in carbohydrate intake or insulin doses may help to prevent this exercise associated hypoglycaemia. However, current guidelines regarding exercise in children with type 1 diabetes rely heavily on adult literature or the consensus of experts. Therefore, further studies are needed in young people with diabetes to document the metabolic responses during and following exercise. In particular, the mechanisms underlying hypoglycaemia occurring many hours after exercise require further exploration. In addition, as children often exercise in the afternoon, studies performed at this time of the day are more likely to be transferrable to a real life situation. For this reason, we studied adolescents with type 1 diabetes to investigate physiological responses to exercise, focusing on afternoon activity and employing a novel variation of the euglycaemic insulin clamp technique. The core experiments involved studying diabetic adolescents on two occasions in a counterbalanced, paired design during and after afternoon exercise. Insulin was infused at a constant rate based on the subjects' usual daily insulin dose and glucose was infused to maintain euglycaemia. At 1600 hrs subjects either exercised at a moderate intensity (95% of their lactate threshold) for 45 minutes on a cycle ergometer (exercise study), or sat on the ergometer without exercising (rest study). Using this experimental design, it was found that glucose infusion rates (GIR) to maintain euglycaemia were elevated during and shortly following exercise and again from 7-11 hours after exercise compared with the rest study. Counterregulatory hormone levels were similar between the exercise and rest studies except for peaks in noradrenaline, cortisol and growth hormone levels at the end of exercise. Glucagon and adrenaline levels did not increase with exercise. The observed biphasic increase in glucose requirements paralleled the observed clinical risk of hypoglycaemia immediately during exercise and the delayed risk of hypoglycaemia which often occurs overnight.
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Pedini, Daniela Marie. "Use of repeated tests and rolling breath averages affects the precision of quantifying the VO2 response profile in moderate intensity cycling." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5351/.
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The purpose of this study was to determine whether working in the field of deaf education, as opposed to general education, results in a higher level of technology integration. A secondary goal was to determine if deaf educators who are deaf integrate technology at a higher level than their hearing counterparts. The instrument chosen for this study was the LoTi Technology Use Profile, a tool used to explore the role of technology in the classroom. A total of 92 participates were included in the study of which 48 were regular educators and 44 were deaf educators. The participants were selected from a population pool whereby teachers were presumably pre-disposed to using technology based upon their attendance at a technology training session in the form of a conference or a class. Deaf educators as a whole did not perform as well as general educators on the LoTi scales. Given the fact that the technology-minded general educators who comprised the sample population of this study scored exceptionally high on the LoTi scales, further research is needed to ensure comparability between the two groups. The findings of the current study do suggest, though, that deaf educators who are deaf have the potential to integrate technology to a greater degree than deaf educators who are hearing. Thus, a primary recommendation is to conduct a national LoTi survey of typical, rather than technology-minded, deaf educators as a comparison to the 2004 national survey of typical general educators.
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Weiss, Christina Barbara. "Effects of acute moderate intensity FES-leg cycle, arm crank, and hybrid ergometer exercise on lipid-lipoprotein profile in persons with spinal cord injury." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0022/MQ40122.pdf.
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Tiozzo, Eduard. "The Effect of Combined Moderate-Intensity Training on Immune Functioning, Metabolic Variables, and Quality of Life in HIV-infected Individuals Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy." Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/678.
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Highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved the prognosis of HIV-infected individuals. Unfortunately it has also been associated with impaired functional capacity and development of metabolic perturbations which increases health risk. This study tested the hypothesis that a combined cardiorespiratory and resistance exercise training (CARET) intervention may result in significant health benefits in HIV-infected individuals receiving HAART. Thirty-seven HIV-infected men and women, predominantly of lower socioeconomic status (SES), were recruited and randomly assigned to: 1) a group of moderate-intensity CARET for three months or 2) a control group receiving no exercise intervention for three months. At baseline and following the intervention, physical characteristics (body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and blood pressure), physical fitness variables (estimated VO2max and one repetition maximum for upper and lower body), metabolic variables (fasting glucose and serum lipids), immune functioning (CD4+ T Cell count, CD4/CD8 ratio, and HIV RNA viral load), and quality of life (SF-36 Health Survey) were measured. Exercise participants evidenced increases in estimated VO2max (21%, p < 0.01), upper body strength (15%, p < 0.05), and lower body strength (22%, p < 0.05), while showing reductions in waist circumference (-2%, p < 0.05), and fasting glucose (-16%, p < 0.05). While the control group showed a significant decrease in CD4+ T cell count (-16%, p < 0.05) from baseline, the exercise group maintained a more stable count following training (-3%, p = 0.39). Finally, the exercise participants showed self-reported improvements in physical (11%, p < 0.03) and mental (10%, p < 0.02) quality of life. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that a three-month supervised and moderate intensity CARET program performed three times a week, can result in significant improvements in physical characteristics, physical fitness, metabolic variables, and physical and mental quality of life. Furthermore, the same intervention resulted in more favorable immunological responses following training in HIV-infected individuals of lower SES. Key words: Highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV, combined aerobic and resistance exercise training, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and immune functioning.
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Cangin, Causenge. "Association of depression with anaerobic muscle strengthening activity, moderate intensity physical activity, long term lipophilic statin usage, and selected co-morbidity: NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 1999-2012." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1460067114.
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Zorgati, Houssem. "Effet de la cadence de pédalage sur les paramètres de l’oxygénation musculaire et cérébrale lors de l’exercice d’intensité modérée et élevée." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA113005/document.
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Au laboratoire comme sur le terrain, le choix de la cadence lors de l’exercice de pédalage est un élément important dans la réalisation d’un exercice. De nombreux travaux ont porté sur l’effet de la cadence de pédalage sur différents aspects tels que la performance, les paramètres cardiorespiratoires, la participation du métabolisme « anaérobie » et le recrutement musculaire. Cependant, très peu de travaux ont étudié l’effet de la cadence de pédalage sur la disponibilité et l’utilisation d’O2 au niveau musculaire et cérébral. L’objectif principal de cette thèse était de comprendre les effets de la cadence de pédalage sur la disponibilité en O2 ainsi que l’utilisation d’O2 au niveau musculaire et cérébral. Le but de nos trois plans expérimentaux était d’étudier d’une part l’effet de la cadence de pédalage sur l’hétérogénéité de la déoxygénation musculaire lors de l’exercice modéré et d’autre part l’effet de la cadence sur l’oxygénation musculaire et cérébrale et sur la performance lors de l’exercice intense chez des sujets non entraînés ainsi que chez des sujets entraînés à l’endurance.Ce travail nous a permis de montrer que, lors de l’exercice d’intensité modérée, V ̇O2 de l’organisme entier et l’hétérogénéité de la déoxygénation musculaire étaient plus élevées à cadence élevée qu’à cadence faible, bien que la déoxygénation n’était pas modifiée par la cadence de pédalage chez les sujets non entraînés à l’endurance. D’autre part, lors de l’exercice intense mené jusqu’à l’épuisement, la performance était améliorée à 40 rpm par rapport à 100 rpm chez les sujets non entraînés tandis qu’aucune différence significative n’était observée entre les deux cadences chez les triathlètes. De plus, l’extraction d’O2 au niveau du vastus lateralis était dépendante de la cadence de pédalage chez les sujets non entraînés mais ne l’était pas chez les sujets entraînés à l’endurance. Enfin, nous avons observé un effet de la cadence de pédalage sur l’oxygénation cérébrale et en particulier une possible élévation de la disponibilité en O2 au niveau cérébral à faible cadence de pédalage chez les deux populations. Pour conclure, ce travail nous a permis de mettre en évidence des différences liées à l’aptitude aérobie des sujets et à l’intensité de l’exercice dans les réponses de l’oxygénation cérébrale et musculaire et de la performance lors d’exercices effectués à différentes cadencesChoosing the pedalling cadence during the cycling exercise, in the laboratory as well as on the field, is a crucial element in fulfilling an exercise. Many studies have examined the effect of pedal cadence on various aspects such as performance, cardiorespiratory parameters, the participation of the “anaerobic” metabolism and muscle recruitment. However, few studies have investigated the effect of pedal cadence on the O2 availability and its utilization in the muscle as well as in the brain. This is why the main objective of this thesis was to understand this subject which is underdeveloped. The aim of our three experimental procedures was on one hand to study the effect of pedal cadence on the heterogeneity of the muscle’s deoxygenation during moderate exercise. On the other hand, to study the effects of pedal cadence on muscle and cerebral oxygenation and also on the performance during heavy exercise in untrained subjects, as well as in endurance-trained subjects.This work allows us to show that at moderate-intensity exercise, whole body V ̇O2 and the heterogeneity of muscle deoxygenation were higher at high cadence than at a lower one, even if the deoxygenation was not altered by the pedalling cadence in non-endurance-trained subjects. On the other hand, during intense exercise performed until exhaustion, the performance improved at 40 rpm than at 100 rpm in untrained subjects, while no significant difference was observed between the two cadences among triathletes. In addition, the O2 extraction in the vastus lateralis depended on the pedal cadence in untrained subjects and the opposite in endurance-trained subjects. Finally, we observed an effect of pedal cadence on cerebral oxygenation and in particular a possible rise in the availability of O2 in the brain on a lower cadence in both population levels. In conclusion, this work has allowed us to highlight the differences in the aerobic fitness of the subjects and in the intensity of the exercise in brain and muscle oxygenation responses and performance during exercises performed at different cadences
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Awe, Jennifer. "The psycho-physical response to music during moderate intensity aerobic conditioning." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004awej.pdf.
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Sowers, Kerri. "Impact of an Exercise Program on Stress, Fatigue, and Quality of Life for Individuals Living with Primary Immunodeficiency Disease." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_pt_stuetd/63.
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Background: There are over 300 Primary Immunodeficiency diseases (PID) that are a result of a genetic or idiopathic dysfunction of any aspect of the immune system. These conditions result in a higher frequency of infections, autoimmune conditions, or malignancies. Moderate intensity exercise is thought to help the immune system, while high intensity exercise may have a negative impact on immune function. The impact of exercise on individuals with an impaired immune system due to PID is not yet understood. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a low to moderate intensity exercise program would have an effect on stress, fatigue, and quality of life (QoL) for individuals diagnosed with PID. Methods: 34 participants were included in this eight-week, mixed-methods, randomized controlled trial, either as part of the control group, or as part of the exercise intervention group. Participants completed pre- and post-study outcome measures, reflective journaling, and a post-study interview. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups for the outcome measures, infection incidence, or need for non-routine medical care. There was a clinically significant decline in the Physical Component Summary score of the SF-36v2 for the control group at the end of the study. The scores for the SF-36v2, for all participants, were below normative scores for all domains, at the beginning and end of the study. Four main themes emerged from the qualitative interviews: living with a ‘new normal’, the challenges of living with a chronic disease, facing the stigma of a chronic disease, and wanting to exercise, but were too exhausted to do so. Conclusions: Individuals with a diagnosis of PID have lower QoL scores as compared to population norms. They face high levels of stress, overwhelming fatigue, social isolation, and decreased emotional well-being. Exercise programs for this patient population did not result in increased infections or need for non-routine medical care but did result in emotional implications that need to be considered. Healthcare providers need to address emotional well-being and provide coping strategies. Exercise programs should be designed with a slow, methodical ramp-up to avoid increasing fatigue or stress, while exercise goals must be highly achievable and realistic. Physical therapists should collaborate with other healthcare professionals for a more holistic and interprofessional approach to working with patients with a diagnosis of PID.
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Lyons, M. "The effects of prior moderate and intense exercise on sports-related performance." Thesis, Coventry University, 2011. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/5cf904e2-2558-40b8-b13d-54c22d10e6e8/1.
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The main aim of this research was to develop a greater understanding of the effects of prior moderate and intense exercise on sports-related performance. The research developed through five related studies that examined the effects of exercise on key aspects of sports performance. Each study was conducted in appropriate field-based settings, using protocols that have relevance to the chosen sports and performance tasks that display ecological validity. Three intensities were examined across each of the five studies; rest, moderate and intense exercise. The preliminary study explored the effects of moderate and intense exercise on soccer passing performance in collegiate level players (n = 20). Repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant (p = 0.010) effect of prior exercise on passing performance. Following on from this investigation, the effects of prior exercise on basketball passing performance in expert (n = 10) and non-expert players (n = 10) was examined. A 3 x 2 mixed ANOVA revealed a highly significant exercise intensity effect (p 0.001) as well as a highly significant exercise intensity by level of expertise interaction (p = 0.010). No between-group differences were observed however. This study nevertheless revealed that the expert players maintain a better level of performance compared to non-expert players following moderate and high-intensity exercise conditions. The third study explored the effects of moderate and intense exercise on coincidence-anticipation timing in expert (n = 11) and non-expert (n = 9) Gaelic games players. The 3 x 2 mixed ANOVA revealed no overall exercise intensity effect (p > 0.05) but there was a significant exercise intensity by level of expertise interaction (p = 0.031). Highly significant between-group differences (p < 0.001) were found, with the expert players maintaining a higher level of anticipation following moderate and intense exercise conditions. Study four comprised a small-scale study (n = 12) examining the effects of moderate and intense exercise on attention using the Stroop Colour-Word Test. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant (p = 0.030) effect of prior exercise on attention. This study identified that attention following moderate-intensity exercise is equivalent to that at rest. However, following intense exercise attention deteriorates to a level below that at rest. The final study examined the effects of exercise intensity on groundstroke accuracy in expert (n = 13) and non-expert (n = 17) tennis players and comprised the most ecologically valid design. A range of 3 x 2 mixed ANOVAs were conducted revealing highly significant (p < .001) main effects for exercise intensity as well as highly significant (p = 0.003) between-group effects. No exercise intensity by level of expertise interaction was found however. In general, the findings suggest that performance following moderate-intensity exercise is equivalent to that at rest. However, significant decrements in key aspects of sports-related performance were observed following intense exercise. The findings of this research indicate that the theories of arousal cannot by themselves account for the outcomes of this work and the relationship between exercise and arousal needs to be explored further. Future research is imperative employing ecologically valid protocols and sport-specific performance tasks. The ensuing results in this case will have much more application and relevance to trainers, coaches and players.
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Constans, Annabelle. "Etude des effets de programmes d'endurance de haute intensité et de haut volume sur les performances physiques, cognitives ainsi que sur la plasticité musculaire et cérébrale chez le rat sain et ayant subi une ischémie cérébrale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0115/document.
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L’exercice fractionné de haute intensité (HIIT) et continu d’intensité modéré (MOD) représentent les 2 grandes modalités d'endurance. Cependant, leur impact spécifique sur la performance physique et la plasticité cérébrale et musculaire reste controversé du fait de la diversité des protocoles d’exercice proposés chez les sédentaires. Notre 1er axe dégage chez des rats sains l’effet de ces 2 modalités sur la performance physique, la plasticité musculaire et cérébrale sur 8 semaines d’entrainement standardisée dont l'intensité est basées sur le seuil lactique. Nos résultats montrent des gains de performance d’endurance plus rapides et importants suite aux HIIT. La neuroplasticité serait stimulée par les HIIT uniquement et la plasticité musculaire semble spécifique à chacune. L’engouement pour les HIIT se répercute chez les patients subissant un accident vasculaire cérébral où l’efficacité des méthodes d’endurance n’est pas clairement justifiées. Une étude antérieure a montré l’intérêt majeur des HIIT dans la phase aiguë de la pathologie malgré une récupération sensorimotrice incomplète. D’où l’intérêt d’approfondir dans notre second axe l’effet des différentes formes de HIIT (longs et courts) dans la récupération. Nos résultats montrent principalement que ces deux formes de HIIT améliorent la capacité d’endurance et la force de la patte antérieure lésée avec une précocité pour les HIIT longs. Les deux formes de HIIT semblent induire une angiogenèse cérébrale. Néanmoins, ils n’améliorent pas les fonctions sensorimotrices et cognitives. Ainsi, il est nécessaire d’approfondir les répercussions de ces deux entrainements HIIT dans la plasticité musculaire et cérébraleEndurance exercise is essential for different reasons in athlete and also in aging and pathological people. Two training modalities were found: high intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate intensity aerobic training (MOD). However, the specific outcomes of these modalities on physical performance and cerebral and muscular plasticity are controversial because many exercise protocols exist. The 1st study explore the impact of these 2 training on endurance and functional capacity and also on muscular and cerebral molecular modifications throughout 8 weeks in healthy rats. HIIT and MOD programs are work-matched and training intensity are determined thanks to the lactate threshold. Our results show a superior and fast effect on endurance capacity after HIIT compared to MOD. Hippocampal plasticity is stimulated only after HIIT and muscular modifications appear to be specific to each modality. A great interest of HIIT is found in stroke patients for whom evidence of endurance modalities efficiency is still missing. A previous study has shown a beneficial effect of HIIT in the acute phase of stroke despite incomplete sensorimotor recuperation. Hence, the interest to deepen in second part of this manuscript the impact of two HIIT modalities (short and long) in recovery optimisation. Our results show that 2 HIIT strongly improve endurance performance and strength of injured paw with a fast effect for long HIIT. The 2 modalities seem to induce cerebral angiogenesis. However, these 2 training do not increase sensorimotor and cognitive functions. In perspective, it appears necessary to develop muscular and cerebral outcomes induced by these 2 HIIT modalities
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Cerqueira, Érica Orlando Bompastor. "Inflammatory effects of high and moderate intensity exercise." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/8625.
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Background: Exercise leads to a robust inflammatory response mainly characterized by the mobilization of leukocytes and an increase in circulating inflammatory mediators produced by immune cells and directly from the active muscle tissue. Both positive and negative effects on immune function and susceptibility to minor illnesses were observed. While engaging in moderate activity may enhance immune function above sedentary levels, excessive amounts of prolonged, high-intensity exercise may impair immune function. The goal of this systematic review was to clarify the inflammatory effects in response to different exercise intensities.
Methods: A systemic search examining exercise and inflammation was performed on PubMed and completed on July 31st, 2017. Eighteen articles were included, and their quality was assessed. The specific components that were examined included circulating blood levels of cytokines, leukocytes, creatine kinase (CK) and C-reactive protein (CRP).
Results: Most of the intervention studies showed changes in the assessed biomarkers, although these changes were not always consistent. White blood cells (WBC) had an increase immediately after intensive exercise (> 64 % VO2max), without alteration after moderate exercise (46 - 64% VO2max). The results suggested an elevation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely IL-6, followed by an elevation of IL-10 that were more evident after intensive exercise bouts. CRP increased both after intense and moderate exercise, with peak increases up to 28h. CK increased only after intensive and long exercitation.
Conclusion: It is suggested a particularly caution due to increased susceptibility to illness when higher exercise intensities are used.O exercício físico induz uma reposta inflamatória caracterizada pela mobilização de leucócitos, um aumento dos marcadores inflamatórios circulantes produzidos pelas células imunes e uma resposta direta no tecido muscular exercitado. Esta resposta depende das características, intensidade, duração, adaptação ao exercício, idade e condição clínica do atleta. Os marcadores inflamatórios compreendem a alteração do número de células no sangue periférico, atividade dos granulócitos, a função citotóxica das células Natural Killer (NK), a proliferação de linfócitos e os níveis plasmáticos de citocinas. Foram constatados tanto efeitos positivos como negativos sobre a função imunológica, assim como uma suscetibilidade para algumas doenças. Apesar da atividade física moderada ser reconhecida por melhorar a função imunológica comparativamente aos níveis observados em indivíduos sedentários, o exercício intenso prolongado pode induzir prejuízo sobre o sistema imunitário. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi clarificar a resposta inflamatória ao exercício moderado e intenso, em indivíduos saudáveis. A pesquisa dos artigos para inclusão no estudo foi realizada na base de dados MEDLINE (PubMed) usando como expressão de pesquisa ("Inflammation"[Mesh]) AND ("Exercise"[Mesh]). Os critérios de inclusão consistiram em: estudos observacionais ou de intervenção, envolvendo adultos saudáveis (18-65 anos); escritos em inglês, português ou espanhol; incluindo exercícios moderados e/ou intensos. Esta seleção foi realizada tendo em conta os critérios PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison e Outcome). Na definição da intensidade moderada e intensa do exercício foram usados vários parâmetros: escala de Borg, frequência cardíaca máxima (FCmax), frequência cardíaca máxima de reserva (FCRmax), consumo máximo de oxigénio (VO2max), equivalentes metabólicos (MET), repetição máxima (RM) e MET por idade. As escalas STROBE e CONSORT foram utilizadas para verificar a qualidade dos artigos incluídos na revisão sistemática. As variáveis analisadas foram os números de leucócitos, linfócitos, células NK e sua atividade citolítica, bem como as concentrações séricas de IL-6, IL-8, IL-1ß, TNF-a, IL-10, proteína C reativa (PCR) e creatina cinase (CK). Tendo em conta as recomendações estabelecidas pelas diretrizes de declaração Preferred Reporting for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) foram incluídos 18 estudos. Destes estudos foram retirados dados de 255 indivíduos saudáveis que praticaram diferentes modalidades (corrida, ciclismo, treino de força) em intensidades moderadas e/ou intensas. Os marcadores inflamatórios foram analisados a partir de amostras de sangue antes e após as sessões de atividade física, e as variações dos seus níveis foram apresentadas em número de vezes. A maioria dessas amostras foram recolhidas imediatamente após o exercício (10-15 min depois), tendo algumas delas sido recolhidas 30 min, 3 horas ou 72 horas após o exercício. As citocinas IL-6, IL-8 e IL-10 mostraram aumentos imediatamente após o exercício, não tendo a IL-1ß e a TNF-a revelado alguma alteração. A IL-6 e IL-8 tiveram maiores aumentos no exercício intenso, comparativamente ao exercício moderado. A IL-10 apenas mostrou aumento após o exercício intenso, sem alterações após o exercício moderado. No entanto, o impacto da duração do exercício deve ser considerado quando se comparam os resultados dos estudos. Relativamente aos leucócitos, após comparação das intensidades de exercício, verificou-se um aumento dos leucócitos apenas após o exercício intenso. No entanto, nas subpopulações de leucócitos (linfócitos) ambas as intensidades mostraram, na sua maioria, aumentos semelhantes. As células NK e a sua atividade citolítica foram apenas avaliadas por um estudo. Este mostrou um maior aumento após o exercício intenso do que após o moderado. Os marcadores inflamatórios CK e PCR mostraram maiores aumentos após o exercício moderado e intenso, respetivamente. A maioria dos artigos em estudo mostraram alterações nos marcadores inflamatórios avaliados, mas essas alterações não se mostraram consistentes. Apesar disso, os resultados sugerem uma elevação dos mediadores pro-inflamatórios, especialmente pelo aumento da IL-6, seguidos do aumento da IL-10 (anti-inflamatória), mais evidente após exercício intenso. Em conclusão, o exercício tem efeitos consideráveis sobre os marcadores inflamatórios. No entanto, os resultados desta revisão sistemática não foram consistentes, com discrepância provavelmente devido à enfâse da contração muscular e das características da modalidade praticada. Seria importante avaliar futuramente, não apenas a intensidade, mas as características do exercício e duração, uma vez que esses aspetos influenciam grandemente a inflamação dentro do grupo do exercício intenso. De um modo global, sugere-se um especial cuidado na realização de maiores intensidades, devido ao aumento da suscetibilidade a doenças.
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Lin, Szu-Yu, and 林思妤. "Alteration of Electroencephalography during moderate- intensity and high-intensity sustained cycling exercise." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h3zsk9.
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碩士國立陽明大學
生物醫學影像暨放射科學系
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Few studies have investigated changes in brain activity during exercise. It is still unclear how exercise affects the brain cortical activity. The aim of this study is to investigate different physiological features during a sustained cycling exercise. We recorded Electrocardiography (ECG), Electroencephalography (EEG), and Electromyography (EMG) from participants before, during, and after exercise. We investigate the correlation between heart rate and other physiological parameters such as EEG power, EEG complexity and EMG. Further, we observe the possibility of fatigue occurring during exercise from different physiological parameters. Forty-four healthy subjects participated in this study. The EEG was recorded from 4 scalp sites, which were C1, C2, P1, and P2, and the EMG, which has two leads with electrodes, was recorded EMG on the muscle of Quadriceps on right leg with a 10-cm interelectrode distance. Subjects were asked to ride the bicycle continuously for nine minutes and 20 minutes. The nine minutes of exercising was defined as short interval exercise, and the 20 minutes exercise was defined as long interval exercise. Signals of EEG, ECG and EMG in resting condition were recorded for four minutes before exercise and another four minutes after exercise. In addition, we recorded subjects' rating of perceived exertion (RPE) since each subject has different physical strength and tolerance of non-stopping exercise. The average-to-maximal heart rate ratio (AMHRR) was calculated for each subject, which will be used to explore the relationship between exercise workload and physiological parameters. Moreover, we employed Morlet wavelet, sample entropy, and fractal dimension analysis method on EEG signals. We also calculated the root mean square (RMS) of EMG signals. Finally, we use regression analysis to examine the relationship between the various physiological parameters and AMHRR. Results indicate that RPE had a linearly correlation with AMHRR, which allowed us to investigate the degree of fatigue objectively from AMHRR. We found that the EEG normalized power had a positive correlation with heart rate or with exercise workload. The highest increased in EEG normalized power occurred when the participants were in their highest heart rate. Moreover, the power product can be a suitable indicator for analyzing EEG during exercise. On the other hand, we observed the EEG Higuchi’s fractal dimension (HFD) and sample entropy (SampEn) had a negative correlation with heart rate. It may infer that a reduction of EEG complexity during exercise may cause by the increase of neuronal synchrony. The same phenomenon, an increase in EEG power at a specific frequency, is typically observed due to a synchronized firing of neurons. Besides, our results showed there were not related with EMG and heart rate. In summary, these results demonstrated that the EEG can be used as a salient tool to differentiate different exercise workload. Moreover, there appear the sign of onset of fatigue during exercise, and it may be reflected in brain activity.
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Lin, Pei-Yin, and 林姵吟. "Influences of high intensity interval exercise and moderate intensity endurance exercise on cerebral and muscular oxygen saturation." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49238125479980086060.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
運動競技學系
103
Purpose: To investigate the effects of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate intensity endurance exercise (MIEE) on cerebral and muscular oxygenation. Methods: Twelve collegiate male students voluntarily participated in this study. During the first visit, participants performed a graded exercise test to determine the maximal oxygen uptake. After 48 hours, participants performed the HIIE (6 × 30-s Wingate sprints with 5-min active recovery) and MIEE (intensity at 1st ventilatory threshold for 60-min), in a randomized counter-balance order. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to evaluate the oxygenation in right (R) and left (L) prefrontal cortex and quadriceps. Results: The cerebral oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) at MIEE (R: 4.94 ± 1.07; L: 5.00 ± 1.42 µmol) was significantly higher than that at 1st sprint (R: 2.25 ± 0.99; L: 2.30 ± 1.18 µmol) (p < .05). The cerebral O2Hb difference (DiffHb) at MIEE (R: 3.8 ± 1.05; L: 4.32 ± 1.09 µmol) was significantly higher than that at 1st sprint (R: 1.96 ± 1.04; L: 1.94 ± 1.16 µmol) (p < .05). Moreover, the cerebral O2Hb and DiffHb at the second period were significantly higher than those at the first period of HIIE. The muscular O2Hb at MIEE (-9.10 ± 7.17 µmol) was significantly higher than those at HIIE (from sprint 1 to 6 were -19.33 ± 5.92, -19.09 ± 5.52, -18.67 ± 5.55, -18.74 ± 5.53, -18.73 ± 5.84, and -18.94 ± 6.01 µmol) (p < .05). The muscular DiffHb at MIEE (-26.27 ± 11.63 µmol) was significantly higher than those at HIIE (from sprint 1 to 6 were -41.21 ± 12.17, -42.46 ± 12.23, -41.76 ± 12.15, -41.08 ± 12.29, -40.39 ± 12.38, and -40.02 ± 12.98 µmol) (p < .05). Conclusions: Lower cerebral oxygenation was only found at the first period of HIIE while comparing with the MIEE. Therefore, the brain might have a higher priority of oxygen uptake due to a protective mechanism during the HIIE.
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Bharti, Neha. "Can resistance training reach moderate exercise intensity in older adults and overweight adults?" 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30529.
Full textAbstract:
Problem: Mostly attributed to lack of time, only about 15% of Canadian adults are currently reaching the Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines (CPAG). Recently, studies have suggested that any bout of aerobic exercise reaching moderate to vigorous intensity has the potential to improve health.
Methods: Sixty adults (20 young non-overweight adults, 20 overweight adults, 20 older adults) already doing some resistance training (RT) were recruited. Participants performed eight RT exercises during three visits. The objective was to identify the proportion of time spent at moderate to vigorous intensity during RT sessions.
Results: Overall, the participants were at moderate to vigorous intensity during 82% of the time. However, the older adult group compared to the young adult group spent lower proportion of time at moderate to vigorous intensity during RT sessions.
Conclusion: Most Canadian adults can reach HR equivalent to those achieved during moderate to vigorous aerobic activity by doing RT.
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Chao, Pei-Yu, and 趙珮佑. "Changes of Electrocortical Activity Before, During, and After Moderate Intensity Exercise in College Students." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10378261192990513226.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄大學
運動健康與休閒學系碩士班
99
Many studies have indicated that the electrocortical activity in alpha frequency band was increased after exercise. Due to the limitations of equipment, most studies were focused on electrocortical activity changes before and after exercise, rare studies looked into EEG (electroencephalography) changes throughout a complete exercise procedure which includes warm-up, continuous exercise and cool-down stages. The present study aimed to investigate the changes of EEG power of a complete exercise procedure. This procedure includes the following stages: 5-10 minutes of warm-up, 40 minutes of heart-rate based moderate intensity brisk walking on treadmill, and 5-10 minutes of cool-down. All participants (n=26, 21.8±2.6 years) were equipped with the telemetric EEG set and heart rate sensor, and then performed the exercise procedure in gymnasium. Nine EEG fragments were obtained from the procedure: pre-test; early and late speed-up; early, middle, and late moderate intensity exercise; early and late speed-down; and post-test. Results showed that (1) α power increased significantly and reached a maximal level during late speed-up stage; (2) α power maintained at a stable level during moderate intensity exercise stage; (3) α power decreased significantly during speed-down stage; (4) α power of the post-test stage was lower than late speed-up and late exercise stages, but higher than the pre-test stage significantly. The results suggested that the increasing of α activity, which reflects cortical relaxation, can be achieved by exercise, even before reaching the required exercise intensity, and extension of moderate intensity exercise is helpful in maintaining the cortical relaxed condition.
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"Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise (HIIE) vs Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise (MIE) on Postprandial Substrate Oxidation After Consumption of an Isocaloric High Sugar/ Fat Meal in Healthy Adults." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.50110.
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abstract: Obesity prevalence is high in the United States, in part due to increased fat storage following consumption of high fat/carbohydrate (sugar) foods. Following a meal, carbohydrate stimulates its own oxidation, while simultaneously suppressing fat oxidation, ultimately leading to fat storage. Aerobic exercise preceding a meal increases fat oxidation in the postprandial period, which may reduce fat storage. The ideal exercise prescription for optimal postprandial fat oxidation is unknown. The effect of low and moderate intensity continuous exercise (MIE) has been studied extensively, while the effects of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on post-prandial substrate oxidation has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of MIE and HIIE on postprandial substrate oxidation after consumption of an isocaloric meal (2 glazed donuts; 520 kcal) in healthy adults. Ten subjects (8 males, 2 females; age=24yr, BMI=24 kg/m2) completed three conditions in random order: 1) no exercise control; 2) MIE: cycling at 60-75%HRmax; 3) HIIE: cycling at 90-95%HRmax. The duration of each exercise bout was sufficient to expend approximately 520 kcal, the energy equivalent of the donuts, which were consumed 1 hour post-exercise. Immediately after consuming the donuts, pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange were measured breath-by-breath continuously and recorded (min-by-min) for 5 hours. Repeated measures analysis of covariance was used to compare the mean differences in outcome variables accounting for gender. Absolute postprandial fat oxidation (g/5 hours) was 17.3±5.4, 27.1±9.6 and 23±1.2 for control, MIE and HIIE trials respectively, with the postprandial fat oxidation significantly greater for the two exercise conditions compared to control. Relative to baseline values, both exercise conditions resulted in cumulative net postprandial fat oxidation significantly greater than control (control = -1.79±3.99g; MIE = 11.51±8.41g, HIIE= 9.51±5.20g). Therefore, results indicate that exercise most certainly increases postprandial fat oxidation, and that exercise type, either MIE or HIIE, is not as important as total energy expended. The fact that exercise of ~1 hour was required to oxidize the amount of fat in two donuts, that required only a few minutes to consume, highlights the challenges of using exercise for weight control in an obesogenic environment.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Nutrition 2018
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Esfandiari, Sam. "Short-term High-intensity Interval Training and Continuous Moderate-intensity Training Improve Peak Aerobic Capacity and Diastolic Filling during Exercise." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33406.
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This study examined the effects of short-term high-intensity interval training (HIT) and continuous moderate-intensity training (CMT) on left ventricular (LV) function in young, healthy men. Sixteen untrained men were randomly assigned to HIT (8-12 X 60:75 seconds cycling at 95-100%:10% V˙O2peak) and CMT (90-120 minutes cycling at 65% V˙O2peak) and assessed before and after six sessions of training. LV function was determined at rest and during submaximal exercise using two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. HIT and CMT improved V˙O2peak and induced plasma volume expansion to a similar magnitude. Although resting LV function did not change, increased exercise stroke volume and cardiac output was observed, secondary to increases in end-diastolic volume. Numerous ECHO-derived indices of diastolic performance were similarly enhanced during exercise in both groups. Short-term HIT and CMT elicit rapid increases in V˙O2peak and LV filling without global changes in systolic performance or cardiac morphology at rest.
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Wu, Tsung-Han, and 吳宗翰. "The Influence of Acute Moderate-intensity Aerobic Exercise on Endothelial Function in Aging Hypertensive Rats." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/srd472.
Full textAbstract:
碩士臺北市立大學
運動科學研究所
106
Background and purpose： Nowadays, the society is gradually entering the trend of aging. Previous studies have indicated that aging is significantly associated with the prevalence of hypertension. Both aging and hypertension have revealed endothelial dysfunction via the reduction in nitric oxide bioavailability, and subsequently cardiovascular dysfunction and disease. Aerobic exercise is well known in improving cardiovascular function and lowering high blood pressure. However, the effects of aerobic exercise on cardiovascular function have not yet been clarified in aging hypertension. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a single moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on endothelial function in aging hypertension. Methods ： Twelve-month-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were randomly divided into two groups: SHR receiving acute exercise (SHR-12mo+AEX) and SHR control (SHR-12mo) groups. The age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY-12mo) were served as the normotensive control group. The SHR-12mo+AEX group was intervened by a single bout of moderate-intensity of treadmill running at 21 m/min for 60 min. At the end of experiments, the endothelial function of thoracic aortas was evaluated by the organ bath system. Moreover, the serum nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and antioxidant activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were statistically compared among three groups. Results：After the acute aerobic exercise, the SHR-12mo+AEX group had significantly (p < 0.05) higher endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation compared with the SHR-12mo group. However, this vasorelaxation was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the WKY-12mo group. In addition, the SHR-12mo+AEX and SHR-12mo groups had significantly (p < 0.05) lower endothelium-independent vasorelaxation compared with the WKY- 12mo group. The serum NO concentration was significantly decreased in the SHR-12mo group compared with the WKY-12mo group, but it was significantly (p < 0.05) improved after the acute aerobic exercise. The activities of SOD and CAT were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the SHR-12mo+AEX group compared with the SHR-12mo group. However, the MDA concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the SHR- 12mo+AEX group compared with the SHR-12mo group. Conclusion： This study demonstrated that a single bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise effectively improved endothelial function in aging hypertension. It also enhanced the NO production and antioxidant activities.
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Su, Yu-Chun, and 蘇裕鈞. "Effects of different movement frequencies on kinetics and RPE in moderate-intensity during squat exercise." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75qys3.
Full textAbstract:
碩士臺北市立大學
運動器材科技研究所
107
Objective: compare the impulse, maximum reaction force, exercise time and perceived exertion when a person squats under three different motion frequencies and the moderate level is reached, so as to provide suggestions to office workers on how they should plan their schedule of exercise frequency. Method: ten healthy young men were recruited to perform maximal exercise test and rest heart rate test. After one week, they went through slow (2.5 seconds), moderate (2 seconds) or fast (1.5 seconds) squat frequency tests at random in three days. On the day they need to make squat moves repeatedly to reach 60% HRR to finish this whole test. The differences of impulse, maximum reaction force, exercise time, rating of perceived Exertion (RPE), and visual analog scale (VAS) when the moderate level of heart rate is reached under three different squat frequencies are compared using single factor repeated measures. Results: there were significant differences in impulse (SC:259.2 ± 135.4 BW．s、MC:192.3 ± 98.0 BW．s、FC:136.4 ± 106.8 BW．s), maximum reaction force (SC:1.28 ± 0.39 BW、MC:1.37 ± 0.37 BW、FC:1.5 ± 0.55 BW) and exercise time (SC:254.5 ± 141.7sec、MC:181.4 ± 81.8sec、FC:130.0 ± 110.1sec), but there was no significant difference in RPE (SC:13.2 ± 3.7、MC:12.5 ± 2.7、FC:13.0 ± 3.3) and VAS (SC:6.2 ± 3.1、MC:5.6 ± 1.4、FC:5.1 ± 2.4). Conclusions: The participants who squat in fast frequency could reach moderate exercise intensity in shorter time and have higher exercise loading.
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Yi-ShiouTsai and 蔡怡秀. "The effect of moderate intensity aerobic exercise in cognitive function and general health in schizophrenia." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62930914507483496701.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
職能治療學系
103
Exercise can serve as means not only to improve general health but also cognitive function. However few studies have discussed the effectiveness of exercise in patients with schizophrenia. Moreover the prescription of exercise used in previous studies were inconsistent, the aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on the general physical and mental health and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. Thirty-one patients with schizophrenia randomly assigned to the exercise and control group. The exercise group used treadmill for 30 minutes moderate intensity exercise, three times per week for 12 weeks. The control group did their usual recreation activities led by volunteers. Outcome measures for the intervention included physical and cognitive performances. The exercise group made significant improvement in the flexibility of lower limbs, QOL of environmental domain and psychiatric symptom. The cognitive measures of both groups were remained unchanged. The present findings suggest that extend duration or higher intensity of training to explore the exercise effect on physical capacity and health measures in this population.
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Kao, Pei-Yi, and 高佩儀. "Moderate-intensity Exercise Improves Physical Fitness and Executive Function in Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k8pm82.
Full textAbstract:
碩士慈濟大學
醫學系生理醫學碩士班
108
Exercise is considered as an adjuvant therapeutic modality to counteract inflammation and clinical symptoms in several rheumatic diseases. However, it’s unclear the immune-mechanistic role of regular exercise in the inflammatory status and disease activities of SLE patients. This study aimed to assess the effects of regular, moderate-intensity, aerobic exercise combined resistance interval training on women with SLE. Patients without regular exercise were recruited and allocated into either exercise or control group in Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital. Patients in the exercise group (n = 17) underwent regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (5 days per week) for 12 weeks, while patients in the control group (n = 17) remained their usual lifestyle. At baseline, there were no between-group differences in body mass index, body composition, 2-km walking test, SLE disease activity, executive function test, routine blood tests, and plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines including adiponectin, leptin, interleukin 6, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. After the intervention, patients with 12-week exercise showed a significant reduction in reaction time in responding to stimuli in Go/no-go test (p = 0.024), whereas those in the control group did not change significantly (p = 0.686). There was a trend of decreasing disease activity after the exercise although it did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.547). The average completion time in the 2-km walking test showed a significant reduction in the exercise group (p < 0.001) while no difference in the control group (p = 0.495). A significant improvement in the fitness index was observed in the exercise group (p = 0.008), but not in the control group (p = 0.779) after 12-week intervention. This study suggests that regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercise combined resistance interval training improves SLE patients’ physical and executive function without exacerbating disease activity.
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Chung, Hui-Yu, and 鍾慧于. "The influence of taking Nangapiry leaf extract after engaged in moderate-intensity exercise on blood glucose." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19784554275843634011.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立東華大學
體育與運動科學系
101
This study explores the relationship between taking Nangapiry leaf extract and 65 ± 5% VO2max of exercise on blood glucose levels after varying timed intervals of exercise. Each of test subject is seven health university male engaged in four rounds of experiments. Group A: The subject involved oral sucrose tolerance test (Oral sucrose tolerance test, OSTT), B group: The subject taking Nangapiry leaf extract and involved OSTT test, Group C : The subject involved OSTT test and taking 30 minutes of 65 ± 5% VO2max bike tests and Group D: The subject taking Nangapiry leaf extract after 30 minutes of involved 65 ± 5% VO2max bike tests for OSTT test. The blood levels were collected before and after experiment, a total of five times, as well as the exercise of gas data collection. Blood glucose, heart rate, oxygen uptake, respiratory quotient collection of gas data level were collected and analyzed. The results showed that Group A and Group B blood glucose levels, when the analyzed using the SPSS 14.0 two independent samples nonparametric Mann - Whitney Test 30 minutes after the analysis of the scores on the tests significant level, the level of significance .017 (p <05), while Groups C and D each took thirty minutes to reach levels specifically .038 (p <05). Group A, B, C and D compared the results of the SPSS 14.0 Kruskal – Wallis U test, the results of the test scores of statistical integration learned that four groups of significant level in 30 minutes and 60 minutes respectively to 0.0018 and 0.002 (P <.05), and 90 minutes, 120 minutes, and fasting blood glucose were no significant. Group B at each time point in 30 minutes when blood sugar decline ratio of 23% than Croup A, 60 minute decline in the ratio of 23% than Croup A, 90 minutes decline in the ratio decline in the ratio of 12% than Croup A and 120 minutes decline in the ratio decline in the ratio of 15% than Croup A, the study results similar to another study. Group C and D doing exercise test of collected heart rate, oxygen uptake, respiratory quotient also no significant difference, and therefore Nangipiry do not impact the athletic ability. An hour glucose levels after exercise resume normal blood sugar levels and not generate the phenomenon of low blood sugar. The results of the research experiments, taking Nangapiry leaf extract glucose also significantly delay the rise in blood sugar, and 30 and 60 minutes, up to the level of significance. Pointed out in the study, 60 VO2max exercise intensity blood sugar will engage in rapid decline. In this study, the motion control group in 65 ± 5% of the results showed a consistent, can be seen the exercise intensity effect for lowering blood sugar after a meal. The research results suggest taking Nangapiry leaf extract, exercise results without the side effects of low blood sugar, for the future with the use in exercise is suitable.
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Lakin, Robert. "Effects of Moderate-intensity Aerobic Cycling and Swim Exercise on Post-exertional Blood Pressure in Healthy, Young Men and Women." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32587.
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Aerobic exercise such as cycling is known to elicit a post-exercise hypotensive (PEH) response. However, it is not known if swim exercise produces a similar effect in normotensive individuals. We tested the hypothesis that an acute bout of swimming would elicit a PEH response that is less compared to an equivalent bout of cycling. 10 trained and 11 untrained normotensive (SBP/DBP < 120/80 mmHg) individuals (23±1 years) underwent 30 min intensity-matched cycling and swimming sessions to assess changes in BP and cardiovascular responses. While PEH was similar between modalities within groups, the magnitude and temporality of change in BP following swimming was significantly different (p < 0.01) between groups, with untrained participants showing a significant PEH response. Attenuation of PEH in trained individuals was reflective of a significant increase in sympathetic outflow and slower vagal reactivation, suggesting training in an aquatic environment leads to alterations in post-exercise BP regulatory mechanisms.
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Anderson, Elyzabeth A. Dorsey Jodee L. "The relationship of oral contraceptive use with substrate utilization in regularly active females during moderate intensity exercise." Diss., 2005. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04082005-064223/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2005.Advisor: Dr. Jodee Dorsey, Florida State University, College of Human Sciences, Dept. of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed June 7, 2005). Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 134 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Chang, Yi-Te, and 蔣憶德. "Effects of Acute Low and Moderate Exercise Intensity on Affective Response in Sedentary People: An EEG Study." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02547679880025312900.
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博士國立體育大學
教練研究所
100
The purposes of this study were to confirm the dual-model theory and to explore the affective response and EEG asymmetry in the different exercise intensity and time period. Simultaneously, the dual-model theory was also attempted to verify in the view of affective circumplex model. The participants were 20 sedentary university students, 10 males (mean age= 20.60 ± .52 years) and 10 females (mean age= 19.80 ± 1.03 years). The exercise ability test was executed followed by two different steady exercise intensity tests in experimental process. Participants were with EEG and heart rate monitor in whole experimental process and affective responses were collected in the fixed time period. Descriptive statistics and two-way repeated measures ANOVA analyses were applied for data processing, the statistical significance level was α = .05. The results of this study indicated that: First, there was only significant main effect of time period in affective response and no interaction effect was found of intensity and time period. In post hoc analysis, the affective response in the end of exercise was higher than pre-exercise, the 10th and 20th minute during recovery period. The affective response of pre-exercise was lower than any other time period. Second, the main effect and interaction effect of intensity and time period in EEG asymmetry was not found. Third, there was no significant difference of affective response circumplex model in different exercise intensity stimulations. Fourth, there was no significant difference of EEG circumplex model in different exercise intensity stimulations. The dual-model theory was partly supported by the results of this study. The positive affective response was generated after low and moderate intensity exercise and the level of affective response was higher than in pre-exercise.