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Sapp, Christopher D. "Verb order in subordinate clauses from Early New High German to Modern German." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3232562.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Germanic Studies, 2006."Title from dissertation home page (viewed July 9, 2007)." Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-08, Section: A, page: 2963. Adviser: Rex A. Sprouse.
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Brodie, Thomas O. "For Christ and Germany : German Catholicism and the Second World War." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0d66efa0-28df-4b9c-a74c-a79b434bbc7a.
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This dissertation examines the roles played by Catholicism on the German Home Front during the Second World War. It analyses to what extent German Catholics supported their nation’s war effort, and how they sought to reconcile their religious convictions with Nazism and its conduct of the conflict. The thesis examines the oscillations of morale within the Catholic ‘milieu’ during the war years, and analyses its responses to German defeats from 1943 onwards. In addition to these overtly political themes, this dissertation analyses the social history of religion during this period. In order to focus its analysis on a manageable scale, this thesis focuses on the experiences and activities of Catholics from the Rhineland and Westphalia. Its concluding chapter uses its findings concerning Catholicism during the war years to revise current understandings of the formation of a conservative ‘restoration’ in West Germany after May 1945. Many existing works concerning German Catholicism during this period provide a monolithic portrayal of the confession’s internal coherence, and domination of its adherents’ political beliefs. This thesis, by contrast, argues that profound divides existed amongst German Catholics during the Second World War. Younger clergymen were frequently more sympathetic to völkisch nationalism than their older colleagues, and desired a more pro-Nazi stance from the German episcopate. The Catholic laity, moreover, was similarly often frustrated by the conservatism of episcopal Neo-Scholastic theology, and wanted sermons and pastoral letters that would endorse the German war effort in more unambiguous terms. The war years witnessed a complex negotiation of religious, political and national loyalties amongst Catholic communities, ensuring the thesis provides a nuanced picture of the confession’s place in German society during this period.
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Ormsby, Deborah Christine. "Integrating reading into the modern German language classroom." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1442964.
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Gosetti-Ferencei, Jennifer Anna. "Exotic spaces in modern German prose 1892-1925." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496453.
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Mastag, Horst Dieter. "The transformations of Job in modern German literature." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30647.
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In modern times German authors have made ample use of the Job-theme. The study examines the transformations that the story of Job has undergone in German narrative and dramatic works from Leopold von Sacher-Masoch's Der neue Hiob (1878) to Fritz Zorn's Mars (1977).
The most striking feature of these works lies in their diverse characterization of the Job-figure. As a mythical figure he remains synonymous with the sufferer, but he may be characterized as patient or impatient, humble or arrogant, innocent or guilty, rich or poor, courageous or cowardly; he may be a Jew or a Christian, a Nazi or an anti-Nazi, a believer or an agnostic.
The authors have retained most of the characters included in the Old Testament story. The Job-figure usually has a wife (who doubts and despises God), a number of children (who die in an impending disaster), and several friends (who accuse him of wrong-doing). Concerning the plot, most writers have excluded any prologue in heaven. The suffering of the Job-figure (usually brought on by the loss of loved ones, by physical pain and by mental agony) is always central to the story. More often than not, however, the modern Job-figure exhibits a form of impatience and impiety once misfortune has struck. A theophany (literal confrontation with God) does not occur, but a divine agent may be provided in the form of a dream or a vision, or indirectly by nature. An epilogue (the restoration of Job's health, possessions and children) is usually omitted, but some authors imply a renewal of Job, so as to suggest a purpose for and a hope after his arduous trials.Arts, Faculty of
Central Eastern Northern European Studies, Department of
Graduate
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Cunningham, Stuart. "Wends and the Wende : modern German unification (1989-90) and the Sorbs." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/wends-and-the-wende-modern-german-unification-198990-and-the-sorbs(346f34ba-f5fc-4902-a802-b1f3b78c46cd).html.
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To what extent was German unification (1989-90) a turning point (Wende) for the Sorbian national minority? Although a majority of scholars and commentators understand the period as one of ‘revolution’, there are grounds to query how radical or widespread were the changes which the collapse of communism promised to bring. In the case of the Sorbs – a national minority in Germany which was persecuted under the National Socialist regime, which became a protected minority under the German Democratic Republic, and which remains a protected minority under the Federal Republic of Germany – many difficulties persist in the relationship between the Sorbs, the German government, and wider German society, as well as amongst the Sorbs themselves. There have been extensive policy, legal, and constitutional changes since unification, but these have often led to similar outcomes as would have been expected under the GDR. The economy is one of the biggest challenges in the post-unification era, as the government and broader society seek to balance the legally recognised rights of national minorities with the economic interests of the state and society at large. This conflict is most evident in the continuation of brown coal mining in the Sorbian area of settlement, as well as in the privatisation of the GDR’s agricultural collectives after unification. Sorbian cultural institutions and organisations have remained relatively unreformed, which means that traditionalists have retained the upper hand in successive institutional debates. The case study of Horno, a village in south Brandenburg, illustrates these issues well, as it was destroyed in 2004 to make way for brown coal mining, and was the first village after unification to be relocated in this manner. These factors lead to the conclusion that German unification was not quite the turning point that it is commonly believed to be, as in many areas of Sorbian life, the continuities seem to outweigh the changes.
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Will, Julian von. "Adorno and the metacritique of modern German systematic transcendentalidealism." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45015053.
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Schwarzer, Mitchell. "German architectural theory and the search for modern identity /." Cambridge : Cambridge university press, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37496732w.
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Harriss, Ernest. "Johann Mattheson, Johann Adolph Scheibe, and Modern German Musicology." Bärenreiter Verlag, 1987. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A38329.
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Cox, Emma Lucie Frances. "Robert Walser as a model for the modern Swiss writer." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260088.
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AufderHeide, Erin. "Representations of German-Speaking Exiles and Immigrants in Argentina." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1162858784.
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Dekker, Nicholas John. "The Modern Catalyst: German Influences on the British Stage, 1890-1918." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1180431503.
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Ashby, Wendy. "Authoring the German "other": A semiotic,narrative discourse analysis of the culture box in beginning L2 German textbooks." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280250.
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Recent trends in immigration to the German speaking countries have contributed to a new multi-cultural demographic in the "culture boxes" of L2 German textbooks. A close analysis of their content, however, reveals a racist discourse that promotes and reinforces a power-based, hegemonic majority culture at the expense of minorities, as well as materials that reinforce U.S. American cultural values at the expense of German ones by imagining a community of German speakers that meets U.S. national identity needs. Utilizing tools from the fields of semiotics, critical discourse analysis and cultural studies, the dissertation demonstrates how both racism toward the German "Other" and U.S. American ethnocentrism are promoted by discourse strategies including but not limited to: narration, indexicality, myth, metaphor and metonym. This dissertation views and comments on the L2 German textbook from the perspective of text itself, the culture therein represented, and the users of the materials, proposing that "reading" the L2 German textbook from a Cultural Studies perspective effectively addresses current theories about culture teaching and disciplinarity while bringing basic language learners into a much-advocated arena of critical thinking about the self and others. Such activities align basic language instruction more closely with beliefs about the responsibilities and goals of Humanities and General Education teaching in the United States.
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Traylor, Sarah Kay. "Sacred Journeys in a Secular Age: Pilgrimage in Contemporary German Literature." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1562757919972067.
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Philburn, R. "Facework in English and German sociable episodes." Thesis, University of Salford, 2003. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/2163/.
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This research focuses on cross-cultural differences in facework between English and German conversation. Specifically, the research addresses facework occurring as part and parcel of sociable conversation, as it is played out within moments of focused topic development - what I term 'sociable episodes'. Drawing on extant literature, the study identifies a range of communicative parameters along which English and German communicative style has been shown to differ, non more so than those suggesting different facework norms, and orientation to face needs as opposed to such things as ideational aspects of talk. In an attempt to address these differences, the study develops a model of facework - facework as alignment -which is posited as being appropriate to the study of essentially apolite conversational interaction. Further, although utilising the notions of ritual equilibrium (Goffman 1967) and positive - negative aspects of face (Brown and Levinson), the posited model of facework focuses specifically on aspects of sociable selfhood informing sociable conversation. It is argued that facework in sociable episodes is a matter of positive and negative alignment of sociable selves in and through the claiming of solidarity with and autonomy from other co-participants in terms of expressions of definitions, evaluations, experiences. In terms of English - German differences, these are demonstrated to be a matter of alignment of different sociable selves, ones normatively and routinely positively and negatively aligned in the achievement of sociable conversation, and ones indexing prevailing but culturally differing positive social values (Goffman 1967). The study concludes by identifying areas for future research based on the facework as alignment model developed and applied throughout the thesis.
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Mills, Andrew Joseph. "Escaping satisfaktion dueling violence and the German literary canon of the long 19th century /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3378372.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Germanic Studies, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 7, 2010). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 70-10, Section: A, page: 3870. Adviser: William Rasch.
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Sievers, Wiebke. "Otherness in translation : contemporary German prose in Britain and France." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/71208/.
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Drawing on contemporary approaches to otherness, this thesis aims to show that, despite the growing interest in so-called foreignizing translation strategies, the current theory and practice of translation in Western Europe is to a large extent still caught in nationalist self-confirmation. In the first part of my study I expose the nationalist agenda underlying the influential theories of translation developed by Antoine Berman and Lawrence Venuti by contrasting them with the ideas formulated by Walter Benjamin and Jacques Derrida. Basing their arguments on Friedrich Schleiermacher's essay on translation, both Berman and Venuti intend to undermine the nationalist stance of current translation practice by replacing it with the belief that translation primarily serves to further the understanding of the foreign other. However, this seemingly noble purpose ultimately veils the fact that the foreign other is a construct which is devised by and thus confirms the national community receiving the translation. Walter Benjamin and Jacques Derrida, by contrast, whose ideas were anticipated by Friedrich Schlegel, believe that the aim of translation is to reveal the otherness of the translating self. Based on these theoretical premises, I examine the significance of otherness in the current practice of translation. This case study focuses on the multidimensional reduction of otherness, as it becomes apparent in the translation of contemporary German prose in Britain, in particular, and to some extent also in France in the two decades preceding and following German unification (1980-1999). In a general overview which compares the selection of texts chosen for translation, the strategies used for their publication as well as the reception of these texts in the press, I conclude that three factors are of particular importance for the rejection of and the ensuing delimitation from German otherness in British and French translations during this period: ideological, generic and linguistic otherness. These particular areas are then further explored in the detailed studies on Monika Maron, Edgar Hilsenrath and Anne Duden. My case study proves that the translators and/or publishers of these authors tend to reject or appropriate those elements of their texts which would highlight the otherness underlying the British and French selves. However, these strategies of dealing with otherness are not limited to interlingual translation. They are anticipated in the reception of the respective texts within Germany.
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Lehleiter, Christine. "Inheriting the future, generating the past heritage, pedigree and lineage in German literature and thought around 1800 /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3274274.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Germanic Studies, 2007.Title from dissertation home page (viewed April 8, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-07, Section: A, page: 2962. Adviser: Fritz Breithaupt.
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Schlothan, Betty L. "Intriguing Relationships| An Exploration of Early Modern German Prints of Relic Displays and Reliquaries." Thesis, University of California, Riverside, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1543222.
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A group of early modern German prints related to relic displays, reliquaries, and collecting, though explored by Heinrich Otte in the mid-1800s, has been ignored in recent art historical literature. Though references to the various prints appear in texts on social, cultural, and religious history, a more in-depth consideration of the works is warranted. This thesis, as a preliminary step, categorizes the prints into two sub-groups, narrative and index. It further utilizes the intriguing relationships embodied in the prints to trace societal and cultural changes, including the rise of event reporting, collecting and organization of knowledge, and changes in religious practices.
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Lynn, Jennifer M. Hagemann Karen. "Contesting images representations of the Modern Woman in the German illustrated press, 1924-1933 /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1536.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2008.Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in the Department of History." Discipline: History; Department/School: History.
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Dennis, David Brandon. "Mariners and Masculinities: Gendering Work, Leisure, and Nation in the German-Atlantic Trade, 1884-1914." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306856204.
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Doukas, Emmanuel. "Modern art, criticism and the politics of national identity in Germany, 1890-1914." Thesis, University of Essex, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361036.
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Sulzener, Scott. "Franziska Gräfin zu Reventlow, Bohemian Munich, and the Challenges of Reinvention in Imperial Germany." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1341422401.
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Jackson, Jill H. "Generational Identity and the Wende: Institutional Influence and the Last Generation ofthe GDR." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1591777141244554.
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Haardt, Oliver F. R. "The federal evolution of Imperial Germany (1871-1918)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269288.
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This dissertation examines the evolution of federal government in the German Empire from the unification in 1871 to the collapse of the monarchy in 1918. The story of how the imperial federal state changed over the years has hitherto been hidden from view by disciplinary biases and methodological limitations. While concentrating on how Germany’s peculiar form of government oscillated between a Western-style constitutional monarchy and a semi-absolutist autocracy, historians have failed to make sense of deeper systemic issues. In order to move these to the centre of analysis, the thesis combines different perspectives from history, law, and political theory. This approach exposes an extraordinary development. The 1871 constitution left Germany’s organisational nature largely undefined. The new national state possessed only very few institutions and competences. There was not even a national government. The Reich completely depended on the constituent states. This weakness was no coincidence. Bismarck’s plan was to secure the dominance of the Prussian monarchy by giving the union enough flexibility to develop either into an integrated composite state or a loose cooperative assembly of states. But the decades after unification turned out differently. By seizing control over the Prussian administration, the federal bureaucracy gradually acquired so many competences that by the outbreak of the First World War Germany had changed into a centralised state. Rather than by the collaboration of the monarchical state governments, national decision-making was now shaped by the competition and cooperation of the federal parliament – the Reichstag – and the newly emerged federal government around the Chancellor. This transformation came about, the thesis argues, because both monarchical and democratic actors – above all the Prussian government, the federal bureaucracy, and the national parliament – saw federal structures primarily as an instrument of power to be manipulated for their own purposes, namely for the preservation of princely prerogatives or for the expansion of parliamentary rights. There was little respect for federalism as an organisational principle that was beneficial per se. Rather, most executives, administrators, and parliamentarians understood Germany’s federal organisation – albeit for different reasons – as a necessary evil and a means to an end. This attitude had a lasting impact on German political culture, with federal structures remaining at the mercy of power interests throughout the twentieth century. The dissertation is woven from three different strands. By combining them, it can draw connections that would not come into view if it concentrated on just one of these themes. First, it is a history of German federalism that focuses on the key question of the political history of the Empire: who or what actually governed Germany? As it thus exposes the anatomy of power in the imperial state, it is also a contribution to one of the biggest controversies in modern European history, namely the debate on Germany’s alleged ‘special path’: where did Germany go wrong? Thirdly and lastly, the thesis offers a systemic analysis of federal structures whose observations are relevant for federal orders – such as the European Union – more generally.
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Engelbrecht, Natasha. "Zur Rolle von Metaphern im Unterricht Deutsch als Fremdsprache auf A1 Niveau : eine Untersuchung am Beispiel des Lehrwerks Menschen." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86351.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.Thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (German) in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at Stellenbosch University and for the degree of Master of Arts (Deutsch als Fremdsprache im deutsch-afrikanischen Kontext) in the Faculty of Philology at Leipzig University in terms of a double degree agreement.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis aims to make a contribution to the field of teaching German as a foreign language. It investigates the role of metaphors in language and more specifically in foreign language learning. Firstly it advocates the inherent, although often invisible, presence of metaphors in all types of language by exploring the cognitive linguistic theories of Lakoff and Johnson, among others. Secondly it explores the necessity of integrating metaphor-awareness raising by looking at the current situation of German at South-African universities, as well as referring to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages. In addition it is argued that by experiencing the metaphorical nature of language from the onset of language learning (A1-level), learners can develop and improve their linguistic-, literary- and cultural competencies, as well as developing the ability to independently reflect on language. To demonstrate how metaphor-awareness raising can be integrated into language teaching by using existing textbooks, two conceptual lessons are developed for adult learners at university level by using two sections from the textbook Menschen A1.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis poog om n bydrae te lewer tot die onderrig van Duits as n vreemdetaal. Dit ondersoek die rol van metafore in taal en meer spesifiek die aanleer van n vreemdetaal. Eerstens berus dit op die beginsel van o.a. Lakoff en Johnson dat metafore inherent is tot taal, alhoewel dit nie altyd sigbaar is nie. Tweedens word die noodsaaklikheid om metafoorbewusmaking in vreemdetaal-onderrig te integreer ondersoek, deur te kyk na die huidige duitse aanbod aan suidafrikaanse universiteite en deur te kyk na die ”Common European Framework of References of Languages“. Daarop word geargumenteer dat leerders hulle linguistise-, letterkundige-, en kulturele vermoëns kan verbeter, asook om onafhanklik oor taal te reflekteer, deur die metaforiese natuur van taal alreeds vanaf beginnersvlak (A1) te ervaar. Om te demonstreer hoe metafoor-bewusmaking met vreemdetaal-onderrig geintegreer kan word deur die gebruik van bestaande handboeke, word twee konseptuele lesse vir volwasse leerders op tersiëre vlak ontwikkel deur twee afdelings in die Menschen A1 handboek aan te pas.
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Bryant, G. H. "Redesigning life and art : the quest for a Gesamtkunstwerk in modern German art and thought." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597040.
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The thesis traces a theme in modern art and intellectual history, the idea of a “total work of art”, from its inception in the “aesthetic revolution” of Early Romanticism and Idealist philosophy around 1800, via its programmatic articulation in the mid-nineteenth century, to some exemplary manifestations in art and architecture in the early twentieth century. Whilst references to a Gesamtkunstwerk abound a critical study dealing with its conceptual foundations, socio-political implications, ideological context, and its ambivalent place in the history of architectural modernism in particular, has long been missing. Chapter One deals with the literary-philosophical anticipation of the Gesamtkunstwerk in German Idealism and Early Romanticism. In Chapter Two the conceptual foundations of the idea of Art as a prefiguration of life are discussed, followed by an analysis of the Gesamtkunstwerk in the context of nineteenth-century Romantic Historicism, in which, among other issues, the significance of the wide-spread notion of a “Great Style” and the idea of a Stilsynthese are emphasised. Chapter Three is devoted to the programmatic launch of the Gesamtkunstwerk by Richard Wagner, the aestheticization of past culture in the writings of the historian Jacob Burckhardt, and the culmination of the “aesthetic revolution” in the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche. The second half focuses on important exponents of the quest for a Gesamtkunstwerk in the early twentieth century, that is, certain aspects of the Jugendstil and the œuvre of Peter Behrens in Chapter Four, and German Expressionism in Chapter Five. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the integration of the machine into the realm of Art. The proclaimed synthesis of aesthetics and technology in the first decades of the twentieth century is discussed as a reformation of the idea of the Gesamtkunstwerk with far reaching consequences in modern culture.
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Gilday, Patrick E. "Musical thought and the early German Reformation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0ac3d705-c00e-4fc9-b90c-4902f9b54f8f.
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German musicology has customarily situated a paradigm shift in musical aesthetics some time during the first half of the sixteenth century. This dissertation examines the suggestion that German Reformation theology inspired a modern musical aesthetic. In Part One, the existing narrative of relationship between theological and musical thought is tested and rejected. Chapter 1 analyses twentieth-century music historians' positive expectation of commensurability between Luther's theological ideas and the sixteenth-century concepts of the musical work and musical rhetoric, concluding that their positive expectation was dependent on a Germanocentric modernity narrative. Chapter 2 assesses Listenius' Musica (1537), the textbook in which the concepts of the musical work and musica poetica were expounded for the first time. I argue that, since Listenius' textbook was intended as a pedagogical tool, it is inappropriate to read his exposition of musica poetica and opus as if logical sentences on musical aesthetics. Part Two investigates the treatment of musica in the theology of early German Reformation disputants. Chapter 3 finds that Luther's early musical thought was borrowed from the late mediæval mystics, and resisted the influence of the Renaissance Platonists. Chapter 4 shows that, far from embracing humanist ideas of musical rhetoric, Luther's Reformed musical aesthetic became increasingly anti-rational and sceptical of music's relation to verbal meaning. Chapter 5 examines the discussions of music by the German Romanist polemicists. It finds that their music-aesthetic assertions were opportunistic attempts to situate the Lutherans outside the bounds of orthodoxy. The dissertation concludes that the discussions of music in early German Reformation texts ran counter to the general sixteenth-century trajectory towards a humanistic or modern aesthetic of music. It further argues that the aesthetic proposals of sixteenth-century German theologians should be taken seriously in the formation of our present-day picture of sixteenth-century musical thought.
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Van, Der Colff Adri. "Zur Konzeption eines deutschen Lernworterbuchs fur fremdsprachige Rezipienten." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1539.
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Thesis (MA (Modern Foreign Languages))--University of Stellenbosch,This study presents conceptions for a German learner's dictionary ("Lemworterbuch"), aimed at the needs of the foreign language learner as recipient. The requirements set and proposals made for such a dictionary are aimed at improving the linguistic competence of the learner when he/she uses the language as recipient, in other words when he/she reads a German text or hears the spoken language (e.g. in conversation, on the radio, television, film etc.). III The target users are persons whose mother tongue is not German, but whose mastery of the language is at a fairly advanced level. Such users, who have mastered the basic grammatical rules of the German language and already have a good basic vocabulary, will nevertheless experience difficulties in using existing German explanatory dictionaries such as DUDEN and WAHRIG. These dictionaries present information in such a complicated way that it remains inaccessible to the average foreign language speaker. The propositions made in this thesis are directed at creating a dictionary that could overcome the existing gap between the bilingual translating dictionary with German as target language and the monolingual explanatory German dictionary. This study proceeds on the assumption that it is impossible to compile a dictionary without the consistent application of theoretically expounded principles (regarding linguistics, typography etc.). The subtlest detail regarding typographical layout is also emphasized, since the presentation of information determines how easily information can be retrieved from the dictionary. Proposals are made for a user friendly arrangement of material, which will enable the user to retrieve desired information easily and immediately. Two language aspects that are of the utmost importance to the recipient, flexion and definition, are examined. The way in which these two aspects are currently dealt with in monolingual dictionaries is investigated. From this investigation it is evident that flexion and defmition are inadequately dealt with for the specific needs of the foreign language learner. Suggestions are made to improve weaknesses and inconsistencies in order to make the dictionary more suitable for the language learner. Finally, the principles required by a German learner's dictionary for recipients are demonstrated by means of various entries. This serves as an example of how the dictionary could finally look. ;The entries are presented in both the printed and the electronic medium. The potential of both these media is utilized to show how the presentation of information can improve the user friendliness and accessibility of the dictionary.
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Longson, Patrick Adam. "The rise of the German menace : imperial anxiety and British popular culture, 1896-1903." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5094/.
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This dissertation argues that the idea of a German Menace was not simply a product of concerns about the defence of the British Isles, but rather it was born out of the mentality of British imperialism. Over the period 1896-1903, imperial antagonism between Germany and Britain, in various contexts around the globe, inspired the popular perception of the German Menace as a distinctly imperial threat. Where the established historiography locates the beginning of the Anglo-German rivalry within the development of the naval armaments race after 1904, this study traces the British fear of Germany much earlier and, crucially, much further away from the shores of the North Sea. The Dreadnought Race was a product of pre-existing anxieties; this thesis will explain the context of imperial anxiety out of which the coherent concept of the German Menace developed. It reveals how specific imperial crises informed British popular beliefs and how the stereotypes of German covetousness, autocracy and efficiency coalesced to form a powerful force in British society and politics that had reached its peak by 1903. By 1903 Germany was widely regarded as a menace to the British Empire.
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Fenwick, Luke Peter. "Religion in the wake of 'total war' : Protestant and Catholic communities in Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt, 1945-9." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:65aa7e61-37ce-492a-8024-c94ac5b028bc.
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By May 1945, most major German cities lay in ruins, and a largely demoralised population struggled for subsistence in many areas. National Socialist remnants, Christian faith and communist ideology met in the rubble of the Third Reich. The Protestant and Catholic Churches attempted to ‘re-Christianise’ the Volk and reverse secularisation, while the German communists sought to inspire dynamism for their socialist project in Eastern Germany. This thesis recreates the religious world of Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia in the Soviet zone, 1945-9, and analyses ‘religio-politics’ (the interactions between the secular authorities and the Churches), the affairs of the priesthood/pastorate, and the behaviours, mentalities and emotions of ‘ordinary people’ amongst the pews. After the American withdrawal in July 1945, the Soviet authorities occupied the entirety of Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt, and they proclaimed a ‘freedom of religion’. The realities of this policy were different in each state, and the resolution or non-resolution of local-level disputes often determined Church and State relations. At the grassroots, though, many people engaged in a latent social revolt against all forms of authority. The Churches’ hopes of ‘re-Christianisation’ in 1945 were dashed by 1949, despite a brief and ultimately superficial ‘revival’. The majority of people did not attend church services regularly, many allegedly practiced ‘immorality’, and refused to adopt ‘Christian neighbourly love’ in helping often-destitute refugees. ‘Re-Christianisation’ also did not incur comprehensive denazification or a unified pastorate, and there was even a continuation of the Third Reich Kirchenkampf in some areas. Christian ideas of guilt for a popular turning from God, much less for Nazism and its crimes, rarely resonated amongst the population and some sections of the pastorate. This mentality encapsulated the popular rejection of authority, whether spiritual or political, that endured up to and beyond the foundation of the German Democratic Republic in October 1949.
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Kulesza, Daniel. "Zum Einsatz und Nutzen suggestopadischer Unterrichtselemente in Integrationskursen am Beispiel des Handlungsfeldes medizinische Versorgung." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86300.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The following study focuses on communication problems which arise during medical consultation in Germany between immigrants with an inadequate language proficiency level and physicians, and on the negative effects of such miscommunication on the quality of health care. The study proposes the application of alternative teaching methods in integration courses – in particular suggestopaedia – to resolve these problems. As immigrants often suffer from acculturative stress suggestopaedic methods seem particularly appropriate because they help reducing negative mental attitudes (negative “suggestions”) by a multi-sensory preparation of learning materials. A didactised concept aiming to improve the overall ability of immigrants lacking language proficiency to interact in “Physician-Patient-Communication” is put forward in this study for the use in integration courses. It is assumed that enhancing the ability to ex-press oneself in the field of healthcare provision will reduce communication hindrances by reducing the fear of speaking during medical consultation and thus will lead to a better overall state of health among immigrants with an inadequate language proficiency level. The sug-gestopaedic methods implemented in the didactisation range from a suggestopaedic language text to a wide variety of exercises, which take into account the different channels of learning. A critical examination of the “can do” statements developed by the German “Goethe-Institut”, within the Framework “Curriculum for Integration Courses – German as a Second Language”, forms an important background for the didactisation presented in this study. The section on “Physician-Patient-Conversation” and its practical application in the textbook “Menschen” published by Hueber Verlag and used in integration courses are also closely considered.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie fokus op kommunikasieprobleme wat tydens mediese konsultasies in Duitsland ontstaan tussen immigrante met ontoereikende taalvaardigheid in Duits en doktors, en op die negatiewe gevolge van sulke wankommunikasie op die kwaliteit van gesondheidsorg. Die studie stel voor dat alternatiew onderrigmetodes in integrasiekursusse ingespan word, veral suggestopedagogiek, om dié problem die hoof te bied. Aangsien immigrante dikwels aan akkulturasiestres lei, word metodes wat op die suggesopedagogiek basseer as uiters toepaslik gesien deurdat negatiewe ingesteldhede met `n multisensoriese toepassing van leermateriaal bekamp kan word. `n Gedidaktiseerde konsep wat daarop gemik is om immigrante se algemene taalvaardighede te verbeter met betrekking tot dokter-pasient-kommunikasie word voorgestel vir gebruik in integrasiekursusse. Dit word veronderstel dat as die uitdrukvermoeë op die gebied van gesondheidsorg verbeter word, sal kommunikasiestruikelblokke verminder terwyl die die vrees om tydens `n mediese ondersoek te praat tot `n algemene verbetering in die gesondheidstoestand van immigrante met onvoldoiende taalvaardighede sal lei. Die metodes uit die suggestopedagogiek wat geïmplementeer word, strek van `n suggestopediese teks tot `n wye verskeidenheid oefeninge wat met verskillende leerstyle rekening hou. `n Kritiese ondersoek van die "kan“ beskrywings wat vir die "Kurrikulum vir Integrasiekursusse – Duits as Tweede Taal“ deur die Goethe Instituut ontwikkel is, maak deel uit van die belangrike agtergrond vir die didaktiese implementeringsvoorstelle van hierdie studie. Die afdeling "Dokter-Pasient-Gesprek“ en die praktiese toepassing daarvan in die teksboek "Menschen" wat deur die Hueber Verlag uitgegee is en in integrasiekursusse gebruik word, is ook onder die loep geneem.
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Evans, Heidi Jacqueline. "Magic Connections: German News Agencies and Global News Networks, 1905-1945." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10302.
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A Nazi news editor declared in 1934 that there were indefinable "magic connections" between news and politics. This dissertation demystifies those links between communications and society. An untold story of news networks lies behind the media sources that we mine constantly as historians. In particular, news agencies, the essential bottleneck of news supply, remain obscured behind the newspapers printing their reports. This study explores why news agencies became the intuitive modern form of news collection and dissemination and how they functioned as a central locus for tussles over the creation of news from events, the limits of government or business control over news, and the role of technology in revising communications infrastructures. 1905 to 1945 represented the zenith of German faith in news agencies’ ability to overturn the existing world order. Along with industrialists and academics, politicians and bureaucrats thought that news agencies could change not only Germany’s role in global communications, but politics, economics, and society too. Coupled with technical advances in wireless telegraphy, news agencies seemed the best means to improve Germany’s international reputation, boost foreign trade, and create societal cohesion at home. News agencies seemed the key to controlling public opinion as well as to creating global news networks conducive to Germany. This news agency consensus united German elites of all political stripes in the belief that news agencies provided an ideal outlet to solve political, social, and economic problems. While such schemes did not always succeed, German news agencies often altered the modern infrastructure of global communications. They briefly achieved media dominance on the oceans, challenged Reuters’ and Agence Havas’ control of European news, and became a leading supplier of news to South America and East Asia in the Nazi period. This work illustrates the interdependence of communications and history by integrating approaches from business history, communications studies, sociology, book history, and the history of technology. It shows the spread and success of German news at a moment when news agencies played a central and underappreciated role in the negotiation of a new relationship between politics, economics, and society in first half of the twentieth century.History
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Harland, Rachel Fiona. "The depiction of crowds in 1930s German narrative fiction." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c8357884-eaf2-4daf-987b-82539148b38b.
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This study of 1930s German fiction adds a new dimension to existing scholarship on the depiction of crowds in literature. Whereas previous surveys on the topic have predominantly focused on the crowd as a revolutionary phenomenon judged on the basis of class perspectives, or as a feature of mass society, this investigation deals specifically with reactions to the crowd in its incarnation as a manifestation of and symbol for political fascism. Drawing on a number of contemporaneous theoretical treatises on crowds and mass psychology, it seeks to demonstrate that war, extreme socio-political upheaval and the rise of Nazism produced intense multidisciplinary engagement with the subject among German-speaking intellectuals of the period, and examines the portrayal of crowds in works by selected literary authors in this context. Exploring the interplay between literature and concurrent theoretical works, the thesis asks how writers used specific possibilities of fiction to engage with the theme of the crowd at a time when the worth of art was often questioned by literary authors themselves. In doing so, it challenges the implication of earlier criticism that authors uncritically appropriated the findings of theoretical texts for fictional purposes. At the same time, it becomes clear that although some literary crowd portrayals support a distinction between the nature of theoretical and literary writing, certain crowd theories are as imaginative as they are positivistic. Extrapolating from textual comparisons, the thesis thus challenges the view held by some authors that knowledge produced by theoretical enquiry was somehow truer and more valuable than artistic responses to the politics of the age.
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Miller, Jennifer Anne. "The Politics of Nazi Art: The Portrayal of Women in Nazi Painting." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5157.
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The study of Nazi art as an historical document provided an effective measure of Nazi political platform and social policy. Because the ideology of the Third Reich is represented within Nazi art itself, it is useful to have a good understanding of the politics and ideology, surrounding the German art world at the time. Women were used in this study as an exemplification of Nazi art. This study uses the subject of women in Nazi painting, to show how the ideology is represented within the art work itself. It was first necessary to understand the fervorent "cleansing" of the German art world initiated by the Nazis. The Nazis too effectively stamped out all forms of professional art criticism, and virtually changed the function of the art critic to art editor. The nazification of the German artist was "necessary" in order for the Nazis to enjoy total control over the creation of German art. With these three steps taken in the "cleansing" of the German art world, the Nazis made sure that the creation of a "true" Germanic art would go forth completely unhindered. In order to comprehend the subject of Nazi art regarding women, the inherent ideology must be studied. The "new" German woman under National Socialism, was to be the mother, the model of Aryan characteristics, healthy and lean. Nazi political doctrine stated that women were inherently connected with the blood and soil of the nation, as well as nature itself. Women were to be innocent and pure, the bearers of the future Volk and the sustenance of that Volk. Once this political ideology is understood, the depiction of the German woman as mother, as nature, as sexual object, can be placed within Nazi historical context. Political art provided the Nazi state, the historical legitimization the government needed. It provided the means by which the state could be visually validated, politically, and historically.
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Picher, Andrea. "The technology gap and the emergence of French and German industrial policy in the domain of data processing and computers, 1960--1970." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26389.
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The idea that a technology gap between the United States of America and Western Europe existed emerged in the early 1960s. Western Europeans attributed the gap to a dramatic increase in direct American investment, government support for R and D, firm size, as well as the brain drain, while American Scholars argued that the roots of the gap were the archaic educational systems and the hierarchical social structures of Western Europe. In order to support their national computer industries against American competition, French and German policy makers chose to counter the technology gap by developing national support programs.
Although both countries responded to the same socio-economic problem, the resulting industrial programs differed fundamentally. The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of industrial policy in the 1960s and, through a comparative analysis show, how industrial policy is shaped by political and cultural aspects within individual countries.
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Van, der Colff Adri. "Zur Konzeption eines einsprachigen deutschen Lernerworterbuchs : Vorschlage fur die lexikographische Textgestaltung aus benutzerorientierter Perspektive." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1367.
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Thesis (DLitt (Modern Foreign Languages))--University of Stellenbosch, 1996.Objective: This study presents a conception for compiling a monolingual German learner's dictionary. It is a theoretical blueprint which formulates guidelines regarding the choice and treatment ofinformation types suited for inclusion in such a dictionary. The conception is ''user oriented". In other words, its main focus is on the target users: nonnative speakers ofGerman who have reached an intermediate level of proficiency in their active and passive usage ofthe language. The deciding factor when suggestions are made regarding the selection, arrangement and typographical appearance of all lexicographical information is its relevance for this target group. In order for it to be an aid to foreign language learners while reading, writing and translating texts, information is presented in a simple and an easily retrievable way. The conception also aspires to help learners overcome their communicative problems and needs as well as to improve their linguistic competence. However, the ultimate aim ofthis dissertation is not only to provide a theoretical blueprint for a German learner's dictionary, but to have some practical significance as well. It is hoped that these recommendations will go some way towards stimulating the presently underdeveloped German pedagogical lexicographical practice. Contents: The study is structured to include all the vital aspects that are ofsignificance for the compilation of a learner's dictionary. It begins with a discussion of a number of pedagogical-lexicographical issues, such as the role of a learner's dictionary as a means of improving communicative proficiency in language teaching. The focus then moves on to the main objective, namely concrete proposals for the dictionary blueprint. While these proposals are based on up-to-date metalexicographical and linguistic theoretical conclusions, the deciding factor is that they must be practically applicable. First, the draft dictionary is typologically characterised by means of a precise and detailed description of the target user profile and potential usage situation~. Secondly, a discussion of general criteria, mainly aimed at improving the quick and easy retrieval of linguistic information, follows. Then, the contents and form ofthose texts that are not within the central alphabetical wordlist, such as the user's guide and grammar, as well as the internal reference structure ofthe dictionary (mediostructure) are highlighted. Subsequently, the selection of information in the draft dictionary is examined. This includes both the choice oflemmas (macrostructural selection) and the collection of linguistic information types suited for inclusion (microstructural selection). Not only does the conception recommend a relatively small number oflemmas (15 000), exclusively retrieved from the most common and frequently used standardised High German, but the number of information types is also restricted. This results is a low information density which in tum allows for a low text density and a high degree of accessiblity. Although decisions regarding the presentation ofvarious lexicographical information categories are linguistically motivated, linguistic comprehensiveness must occasionally bow the knee before pragmatic considerations. These improve the reception and retrievablitiy of data and enhance the user's chances of a sound understanding. A favourable visual presentation, including a low information density and transparent typographical layout, are also emphasised throughout. Finally, suggestions for the organisation and presentation oflemmas on the one hand and individual information types within the dictionary article on the other are presented. Sample entries provide a clear demonstration of all suggestions. In conclusion, the wider aspects ofhow the dictionary conceptualised in this thesis can be adapted to compile specialist pedagogical dictionaries, such as a production dictionary and a bilingual learner's dictionary which incorporates mother-tongue elements, are presented.
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Silva, Daniela Maura Abdel Nour Ribeiro da. "Verdade ou mentira? Considerações sobre o flagrante, o pseudoflagrante e a composição na fotografia de German Lorca." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27131/tde-13082009-153757/.
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Esta pesquisa intitulada Verdade ou mentira? Considerações sobre o flagrante, o pseudoflagrante e a composição na fotografia de German Lorca, tem como assunto a fotografia de rua que o fotógrafo paulistano German Lorca realizou entre o final da década de 1940 e início dos anos 1950, no âmbito do Foto-Cine Clube Bandeirante. O estudo demonstra a maneira como Lorca utiliza-se do flagrante e de seu falseamento (denominado livremente de pseudoflagrante na dissertação), muitas vezes enfatizando a composição da fotografia por meio do corte. A fim de atingir esse objetivo a dissertação fundamenta-se em questões que remontam à tradição da busca da representação do movimento na arte ocidental, passando pela fotografia de rua que vem sendo praticada desde meados do século XIX, no exterior e no Brasil. Assim, mostra como noções implícitas nesse amplo contexto teriam servido de parâmetros para a produção das cenas cotidianas de German Lorca, dentro da fotografia moderna brasileira.This research is called Verdade ou Mentira? Considerações sobre o flagrante, o pseudoflagrante e a composição na fotografia de German Lorca (True or False? Considerations on The Snapshot, The Pseudosnapshot and The Composition in German Lorcas Photography). The research has as it subject the street photographs taken by Lorca a Sao Paulo photographer , from the late 1940s to the early 1950s, within the scope of the Foto-Cine Clube Bandeirante (Bandeirante Photo-Cine Club). The study shows how Lorca uses the snapshot and its forgery (loosely called pseudosnaphot in this dissertation), often emphasizing the photographs composition by means of the cut. To meet this objective, the dissertation is based on issues that go back to western arts traditional search to represent movement, through street photographs that have been taken since the mid-nineteenth century, both in Brazil and abroad. In this way, it shows how implicit notions in this broad context would have served as parameters for German Lorcas production of everyday scenes, within modern Brazilian photography.
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Hales, Barbara 1962. "War and death: A comparison of Freud's ideas with four works of German World War I literature." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291638.
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Sigmund Freud has much to say about the subject of war and death in his later work, written after 1914. Freud explores the effect of war on the soldier, his adjustment to war, his retreat to the primitive, the development of neuroses in combat, and the soldier's reaction to death. War and death are also important subjects found in German literature of the First World War. The aim of this thesis is to briefly review Freud's ideas on the individual in war, and to juxtapose these ideas to various accounts provided by German soldiers of the First World War. The four works of German World War I Literature used in this comparison are: Im Westen Nichts Neues by Erich Maria Remarque, Feuer und Blut by Ernst Junger, Seelenleben des Soldaten an der Front by Ludwig Scholz, and Kriegsbriefe gefallener Studenten edited by Philipp Witkop.
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Morris, Richard Leslie Michael. "German identity in the court festivals of the late-sixteenth and early-seventeenth century Holy Roman Empire." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271832.
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This thesis explores identity as it was portrayed, constructed, and upheld through court festivals within the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation in the period between the Peace of Augsburg in 1555 and the coronation of Friedrich V, Elector Palatine, as King of Bohemia in 1619. The thesis is made up of five inter-related thematic chapters. Chapter I analyses the role of ‘Lineage, Legitimacy, and History’. This chapter acknowledges the enduring importance of lineage, genealogy, and history to noble legitimacy, and discusses the threats and questions posed by newly rising families. It demonstrates how competing claims and counter-claims to legitimacy were made as festival occasions attempted to weave their protagonists into the fabric of ‘German’ history together with an associated possession of ‘German’ virtues, and how these claims to legitimacy were buttressed by representations of popular acclaim. Chapter II discusses ‘Mortality, Masculinity, Femininity, and Mutability’. At festivals both the mortality of members of dynasties and gendered roles, ideals, and identities as noble men and women were visible. This chapter argues that the evidence of these festivals complicates any stark delineation between male and female identities, instead stressing the degree of mutability of these categories as well as the centrality of virtue demonstrated, primarily, through skill. The themes of mutability and virtue continue into Chapter III, which addresses ‘Nature and the German Land’. Festivals often incorporated performed claims to possession of, and endorsement from, the German land itself. The land and its topographical features could be represented within cities as part of festival occasions, or the journeys to, and between elements of, festivals could incorporate the landscape into the rhetoric of these spectacles. This rhetoric could be confessionalised and politicised, but representations of nature also served to bolster a universalising rhetoric of virtue through the skilled manipulation of nature to the whim of the ruler. Chapter IV deals with the theme of ‘Religion, Piety, and Confessional Difference’. It discusses the role which displays of piety, including humility before God and the Church, played in these occasions, and draws out elements of confessionalised rhetoric present. However, the analysis shows that directly antagonistic religious imagery and language, seen elsewhere in European festival culture, does not feature. Instead, the emphasis is on non-divisive language and a unifying notion of Christendom. This was, of course, set against the dipole of the ‘Other’ which is addressed in Chapter V, ‘Language, Custom, Othering, and Unity’. Festivals drew attendees from across Europe and often included performed representations of non-Christian ‘Others’ such as Turks, Moors, and inhabitants of the New World. While the foreign, even the Ottoman, could be seen as exotic and luxurious, a rhetoric of superiority nurtured through appropriation and trivialisation of the threat which the Ottomans posed again contributed to the creation of common notions of identity. Finally, far from being an impediment to common identity, the meeting and use of different languages at festivals also served to highlight skill, learning, and virtue in the rhetoric of identity at these occasions.
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Dunn, Abigail. "The depiction of the widow in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century German literature." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:366c6541-25b7-4cb7-a5f1-8889d3b4c1d9.
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This thesis examines the depiction of the widow by men and women in novels and short stories written between 1842 and 1913. The representation of the widow is analysed in the context of dominant views about widowhood at the time, such as those expressed in the writings of politician and statesman, Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel (1741-1796). These ideas are set out in chapter I. The first chapter also examines the social reality of widowhood in nineteenth-century Germany. In the first chapter of the thesis Hippel argues that real widows are superfluous beings and men’s second-hand goods, but they were also perceived by theologians and moralists of the time as a threat due to their ungoverned lust. Many nineteenth-century widows internalised the idea espoused by Hippel and felt alienated and invisible. In German fiction, however, male writers in the works discussed repeat the latter theory that once deprived of their husbands widows are sexually voracious. In the works written by men, the figure of the widow is generally presented as a dangerous sexual predator. Female authors, however, highlight the invisibility of the widow and portray her as a figure alienated from society and her family. Henriette Hanke is the first author to be examined in chapter II. Her novel, Die Wittwen (1842), portrays five widows, who range from the self-sacrificing Lucie von Gardemer, to the liberated and financially independent Frau von Kleist. Hanke depicts widowhood as a process of education for her two key widows, Lucie von Gardemer and Franzisca Weihland. They must learn to love the right man, and at the end of the story they revert from widowhood to marriage. Fourteen years later, the first version of Gottfried Keller’s Der grüne Heinrich (1854/55) was published. Chapter III explores the way in which Keller portrays the threatening sexuality of his widow Judith and emphasises her power to destabilise the narrator. Chapters IV and V also focus on the widow as a predatory and dangerous figure, as exemplified in works by Paul Heyse, Eduard Grisebach, C. F. Meyer and Arthur Schnitzler. In chapter VI Hedwig Dohm presents a contrast to the dominant representations of widowhood in her story Werde, die du bist! (1896). Dohm challenges prevalent stereotypes of the widow, though with limited success. Gabriele Reuter, the final author to be discussed, reverts to male stereotypes of the widow in her stories. This chapter thus shows that women writers are not always more positive, or original, in their representation of the widow. The thesis as a whole demonstrates the overwhelmingly negative portrayal of the widow in nineteenth-century German fiction. She is a figure to be at best re-educated and at worst to be feared and guarded against. She is a cynical man-trap in Heyse’s and Grisebach’s stories, a murderess in Meyer’s story, and an incestuous mother in Schnitzler’s texts. Hanke and Dohm, themselves both widows, show from the inside what it is like to be a widow in such a society.
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Mccartney, I. "The maritime archaeology of a modern conflict : comparing the archaeology of German submarine wrecks to the historical text." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2013. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/21080/.
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Over the last 30 years UK Hydrographic Office marine surveys in the English Channel (the thesis Study Area) have helped uncover the wrecks of 63 German submarines (U-boats) sunk in both world wars. The author began to systematically dive on and record the wrecks in 1997, when it became clear that the distribution and numbers of the wrecks often conflicted with published histories of U-boat losses. This thesis sets out to test whether firstly; the U-boat wrecks themselves can be accurately identified from detailed examinations of their archaeological remains. If this could be achieved with a high degree of accuracy then secondly; a much clearer appreciation of U-boat losses in the Channel could be derived. This could then be used to thirdly; assess the accuracy of the original historical texts of 1919 and 1946 and reveal when and why the assessors at the time succeeded and failed in establishing the real fates of the U-boats. The U-boat wrecks themselves are either where the historic record says they should be, or they are located in positions where they reside outside of current historical knowledge. These latter cases, termed the mystery sites, are the key to understanding how, when and why inaccuracies appear in the historical texts and they were therefore accorded the highest priority during the research and were the most challenging cases to identify. Of the 63 U-boat wrecks in the Channel, it emerged during the fieldwork that 26 of them (41%) were actually mystery sites. Their impact on the accuracy of the historical texts is profound. Only 48% of the fates of U-boats recorded in 1919 are correct. The list of 1946 is 81% correct from D-day until December 1944, then only 36% correct thereafter. The accuracy of the historical record was found to be closely related to the volume of accurate intelligence on U-boat movements available at any given time and the quality of the staff work used to interpret and exploit it. Consequently the impact of Special Intelligence is keenly felt in 1944. Conversely during WW1 and in 1945 U-boat movements were not clearly understood and in both of these cases minefields emerge as the most successful weapon deployed against them accounting for over a third of the losses.
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Ellis-Marino, Elizabeth Meta, and Elizabeth Meta Ellis-Marino. "Politics, Nobility and Religion in an Ecclesiastical State: Baronial Families in Paderborn 1568 - 1661." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/594910.
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This dissertation examines the fortunes of two families of the territorial nobility in Paderborn, the barons (Freiherren) of Büren, and the baronets (Adelherren) of Fürstenberg. In doing so, it provides a paradigm for understanding the history of the territory over the course of the period 1550–1650. In contrast to their contemporaries in southern Germany, the nobles of Westphalia, the area of Germany in which Paderborn is located, are relatively under-studied. My research indicates that this area, with its myriad small territories and relative power vacuum, was also a microcosm for the political developments of the Holy Roman Empire. In studying these families, the culture of politics in the early modern Empire is illuminated. This dissertation is arranged thematically, where each chapter uses an incident in this territory to discuss a broad theme. My first chapter discusses the development of a significant party of Protestant nobles in Paderborn, and discusses the creation and reinforcement of noble identity. Particular attention is paid to the cultures of noble friendships and patronage. The political usefulness of the feud is also discussed. The second chapter examines a case of two conversions. Elisabeth von Büren, a recently-widowed Calvinist noblewoman, converted from Protestantism to Catholicism because of her increasingly difficult social and political situation. In contrast, her son Moritz experienced an internal conversion that led him to join the Jesuit order, an act that in time resulted in the extinction of this family. This chapter discusses not only the motivations for each conversion, but also the political uses of these converts, and their conversion narratives. The third chapter follows the political fortunes of two brothers, Kaspar and Dietrich von Fürstenberg. Due to his vocal alliance to the Catholic faction in Paderborn, Dietrich, who was a priest, was able to become an imperial prince. His brother, Kaspar, who was the head of the family, not only benefited from this rise in status, but also had to change his sexual practices in response to his family's increased notoriety. This chapter discusses the effects of the Counter-Reformation in Paderborn in both the public and private spheres. The fourth chapter discusses the descendant of these two men, Ferdinand von Fürstenberg. Thanks to his connections and the political realities in Westphalia after the Thirty Years' War, Ferdinand was able not only to become the prince-bishop of Paderborn, but also to enact administrative reform in the rural parishes and employ irenicism, a proto-secularist philosophy, as an aspect of his foreign policy. Ferdinand's patronage networks are analyzed in the context of post 1648 elite intellectual and cultural life. The last two chapters concentrate on the physical legacy of the two Fürstenberg bishops previously discussed. The fifth chapter discusses the "Reformation of the Landscape" enacted through the building programs of these two bishops. Through the building and decoration of monumental structures, the two bishops helped to impose a Catholic order on the countryside, and erase the signs of the previous, defeated Protestant faction. The final chapter discusses the funerary monuments of the family from which these two bishops came. Although they are scattered throughout the region, the funerary monuments of this family form a coherent propagandistic message, intended to promote their majesty, nobility and Catholicism.
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Richards, Kevin A. "Soldiering On: Images of the German Soldier (1985-2008)." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1345476644.
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Schneider, Stefanie Maria. "Gegen-Stimmen/Gegen-Blicke : Zeitgenössische literarische (De-)Konstruktionen deutsch-afrikanischer Identitäten." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86404.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis investigates counter-voices, counter-gazes and (de-)constructions of German-African identities in contemporary German literature. In extended application of postcolonial concepts it examines the way in which post-colonial views and counter-views on Germany and Africaare produced and how in the process alternative identities are created and negotiated. Analyzing poetry, short stories and novels by Black German authors (May Ayim, Ika Hügel-Marshall, ManuEla Ritz and Olumide Popoola) as well as by African literary voices writing in German (El Loko, Daniel Mepin, Philomène Atyame and Luc Degla), the thesis looks at and evaluates strategies of literary hybridization, responses to and deconstructions of the colonial imaginary, transcultural positioning and world literary perspectives.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek enkele teenstemme, teenblikke en (de-)konstruksies van Duits-Afrika identiteite spruitend uit Duitsland en dié uit Afrika in hedendaagse Duitse literatuur. Deurʼn uitgebreide toepassing van postkoloniale konsepte,ondersoek die tesis die wysewaarop die post-koloniale sienings en teenstandpunte oor Duitsland en Afrika geproduseer word en hoe in die proses alternatiewe identiteite geskep en onderhandel word. Deur die ontleding van gedigte, kortverhale en romans deur swart Duitse skrywers (May Ayim, Ika Hügel-Marshall, ManuEla Ritz en Olumide Popoola) sowel as Duitse werke deur literêre stemme uit Afrika (El Loko, Daniel Mepin, Philomène Atyame en Luc Degla), bekyk en evalueer die tesis strategieë van literêre verbastering, antwoorde op en dekonstruksies van die koloniale denkbeeldige, transkulturele plasing en wêreld literêre perspektiewe.
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Juillard-Maniece, Jennifer. "From German to Yiddish : adaptation strategies in the Kuhbukh and the Siben weisen mainster bichel." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:91f979ad-4dbf-4250-a7ba-02008caa2ef1.
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In light of often derogatory and unqualified assessments of Yiddish literature adapted from German narrative models, this thesis will propose a different approach to viewing these adaptations. Building on methodologies and frameworks of analyses developed in contemporary medieval scholarship, this thesis pushes for a re-assessment of this literature and suggests a flexible model of adaptation that views adaptation as a creative interaction between two texts. In response to unsatisfactory approaches to judaizing strategies found in Yiddish texts adapted from German literature, this thesis also suggests a different approach. Judaizing processes can either be part of overall processes of adaptation aimed at coding the text as Jewish within an overarching framework of renewed cultural specificity; or, they can function as translation principles by achieving equivalence with the original model. To illustrate both ends of this scale of adaptation, this thesis centres on two early modern Yiddish texts: the Kuhbukh (Verona, 1595) and the Siben weisen mainster bichel (Basel, 1602). The four chapters at the core of this thesis develop and apply extensive frameworks of literary analyses which enable us to rigorously assess the differing levels of adaptations (translation and Wiedererzählen) of both texts. This thesis pushes for a future reassessment of other popular Yiddish narratives adapted from German models. This could ideally be achieved by a positioning of each individual Yiddish text based on German narratives on the proposed scale of adaptation. This should be backed by verifiable methodologies and analyses devoid of unjustifiably dismissive opinions. This would consequently move scholarship towards structured, methodological analyses of early Yiddish secular literature.
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Moazzin, Ghassan. "Networks of capital : German bankers and the financial internationalisation of China (1885-1919)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267734.
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This dissertation examines the hitherto neglected role foreign, and specifically German, bankers played in the Chinese economy and the history of modern economic globalisation in China during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. By following the history of the German Deutsch-Asiatische Bank (DAB) during the last two decades of the Qing dynasty and the first years of the Chinese republic, this dissertation shows how the interaction between foreign bankers and Chinese officials, bankers and entrepreneurs led to the rapid internationalisation of Chinese finance, both in terms of public finance and the banking sector of China’s treaty port economy. Unlike most previous literature, which only depicts foreign banks in modern China as mere manifestations of foreign imperialism, this dissertation demonstrates that foreign banks acted as intermediary institutions that financially connected China to the first global economy and provided the financial infrastructure necessary to make modern economic globalisation in China during the late 19th and early 20th centuries possible. At the same time, this dissertation stresses the importance of Chinese agency for the operation of foreign banks in China’s treaty ports and shows that the interaction between foreign bankers and Chinese actors was made up as much of cooperation as of conflict. In sum, this dissertation not only furthers our knowledge of the role foreign banks played in the modern Chinese economy, but also contributes to our understanding of how China was financially integrated into the first global economy.
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Seidler, Christopher Fabian. "Utterance- and phrase-initial parts of speech in German interactions and textbooks." Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20549.
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Master of ArtsDepartment of Modern Languages
Janice McGregor
The current study investigates phrase-initial parts of speech as found in intermediate German textbooks and compares these findings to utterance-initial parts of speech as found in spontaneous speech in German-language interactions. This is important, because learning and using German word order appears to be a struggle for German learners whose first language is English. Research has shown that possible word order realizations in a language are partly restricted by the parts of speech system of that language (Hengeveld, Rijkhoff, & Siewierska, 2004; Vulanovic & Köhler, 2009). This is important because English and German have different parts of speech systems (Hengeveld et. al., 2004; Hengeveld & van Lier, 2010). Doherty (2005) analyzed English to German translations of an international science magazine and found that almost every second sentence begins differently. Instead, this study looks at talk in contexts of use and compares these findings with textbook language because, in recent years, communicative approaches to language teaching have been adopted by a large number of US German language programs. One would thus expect that textbooks used in these classrooms would contain at least some input with constructions that are typical to contexts of use. The results of the study indicate that construction-initial parts of speech in textbooks and in contexts of use are quite different. These differences imply that if it is a communicative approach that is being promoted, textbook authors and German educators would do well to expose students to actual talk from contexts of use so that they might learn to make meaning based on considerations of context.
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Stanek, Jennifer Marie. "Demystifying the Notion, “the West is better”: A German Oral History Project." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1300726542.
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Strack, Uwe-Michael Peter Bernhard. "Didactization of a youth novel as CALL material for advanced Grade 11-12 learners of German as a foreign language /." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1226.
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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.CD-ROM inside back cover. Title of CD-ROM: Ausländerfeindlichkeit in Deutschland : ein interaktives Leseprogramm für den fortgeschrittenen DAF-Unterricht. On title page: Master of Philosophy (Hypermedia for Language Learning). Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.