To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Modernist approach.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modernist approach'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Modernist approach.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Suen, Chung Keung Daniel, and 孫頌強. "Taoism in project management: a post-modernist approach or neo-classicism?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31251560.
Full text
2
Luo, Jian. "The narrative art of modernist fiction : a corpus stylistic and cognitive narratological approach." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/2979/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores modernist narrative art embodied in modernist style of constructing narrative space. Within Chatman’s conceptual framework, narrative space can be divided into story-space (settings and characters) and discourse-space (focus of spatial attention). In a corpus-stylistic approach, the structuration of the story-space in The Mill on the Floss, The Good Soldier and To the Lighthouse is examined. The findings show that modernist tendency to deemphasise particularity of place shapes a narrative design of spatial detachment. In consequence, the establishment of settings in early modernist fiction is generally sketchy, but sometimes spatially informative. This is a mixed character. By contrast, settings in classic modernist fiction are symbolic of viewers’ psychological states, a clear manifestation of a modernist interest in characters’ interiority. To further trace the style change from early modernism to high modernism, a cross-disciplinary model for character analysis and a cross-axial model for the examination of discourse-space have been constructed. They help detect some similarities and dissimilarities between early and classic modernist styles of spatialisation. As a whole, this thesis has two features. First, it applies corpus stylistic methods to inform cognitive narratological interpretation. Second, it resorts to visualisation as an attempt at a multi-modal study of narrative space.
3
Mester, Terri Ann. "The modernist, the dancer and the dance: An interdisciplinary approach to Yeats, Eliot, Lawrence and Williams." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1056739482.
Full text
4
Villalonga, Cabeza de Vaca Maria. "Surviving the Modernist Paradigm : a fresh approach to the singular art of Anglada-Camarasa, from Symbolism to Abstraction." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2009. https://radar.brookes.ac.uk/radar/items/09f4cd35-149e-4fd1-b842-6c9318acba7d/1.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with the Spanish artist Anglada-Camarasa (Barcelona, 1871- Palma de Mallorca, 1959) during the twenty years he lived in Paris: 1894-1914, when he enjoyed overwhelming international success. Until the 1980s, there was little institutional interest in his work and, hence, a dearth of literature on him. In my thesis I first offer an explanation of this state of affairs and then attempt a re-evaluation of his work. My explanation is articulated within the framework provided by the interpretation of early twentieth-century art history, originated in the 1970s, which emerged as an alternative to the dominating one defended by Modernist Paradigm supporters. In my discussion I situate Anglada's development within the cultural currents of his time and show how he found pictorial solutions to some of the artistic concerns of his contemporaries. Once the origins of the main features of Anglada's technique are firmly grasped, both in relation to subject matter and to pictorial means, it becomes much easier to understand his success, especially among his Russian admirers. Some of these, such as Meyerhold and Diaghilev, who were leading figures of the Russian cultural world and who were well known for their pioneering taste, found inspiration in Anglada's work for their innovations. Against the background of this historical and artistic analysis, I try to demonstrate that Anglada's figurative style influenced also Kandinsky's long transition into Abstraction, especially during the latter's stay in Murnau, before World War I, which constituted his most productive years. My overarching aim in carrying out this original investigation is to locate Anglada in the place he deserves in the beginning of the twentieth-century History of Art. By doing this, I hope not only to contribute to the still much-debated character of this period. But, more importantly, I hope to make Anglada better known, for the beauty of his work that expresses his faith in mankind potential which deserves to be given much closer attention.
5
Roberg, Alison Stone. "Things Are in People, People Are in Things: A Phenomenological Approach to H.D.'s HERmione and the Modernist Prosthetic Body." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2734.
Full textAbstract:
H.D.'s autobiographical novel HERmione is phenomenological in texture. It portrays both sides of a dynamic process: the individual "creates" the world by adjusting a "psychic lens," projecting a mental space in which objects can appear; yet at the same time, the world imposes itself on the sensing subject. The framework within which this dynamic process occurs is the body; as the novel portrays, the body is the site of juxtapositions and transformations as it comes into contact with the world. In this article, I discuss the ways in which H.D. explores the boundaries and intersections between the human body and the world around it. I will draw on several influential feminist critiques of the novel, exploring how these critiques illuminate the social and sexual forces at work behind Hermione's experiences, and I will in turn introduce phenomenological theory to expand upon the prevailing critical view of the novel. I assert that Hermione's body is both the setting and the subject of HERmione. Even as she is objectified by both specific individuals and by the social forces at work in her world, her body reacts in unique ways to counteract this tendency. Her body transforms, and her perceptions blur the lines between subject and object, person and thing. As Hermione begins to develop an understanding of the way she encounters the world, she also develops the ability to act within it. Her body becomes prosthetic, encompassing otherness and ultimately allowing her to move beyond the relationships and expectations which threaten to confine her in a solely "decorative" life.
6
Harness, Trevor Francis. "Ramon Perez de Ayala and European modernism : a comparative approach to the novels." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388604.
Full text
7
Lucien, Arnaud. "Médiation et modernité, approche communicationnelle de l'institution judiciaire." Toulon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUL0015.
Full textAbstract:
L'institution judiciaire est ici appréhendée comme terrain d'étude pour les sciences de l'information et de la communication. La problématique est considérée plus particulièrement à travers une approche anthropologique, sémiotique et pragmatique. Par son entremise, l'institution organise une médiation à !a fois symbolique et esthétique qui participe de l'élaboration d'un invisible structurant. Instance de médiation symbolique elle met en relation des éléments qui n'auraient pu se rencontrer autrement: le sujet et l'État, l'individu et la société. . . Et énonce un discours de portée collective. Décorum, apparat et rituels constituent les éléments d'un dispositif dénonciation exerçant un pouvoir en tant qu'il assigne rôles et positions dans la sociabilité. Dès lors, la mise en scène est appréhendée comme chaîne signifiante disposant d'un caractère performatif qui lui confère son autorité. Depuis le milieu du XXe siècle, l'institution judiciaire est confrontée à la suprématie de la transparence et de la proximité, ceci, au détriment de son système symbolique et culturel. Ces valeurs postmodernes évoquent en effet l'im-médiateté d'une justice sans scène, dans laquelle les barrières symboliques s'effondrent. Ce phénomène est accentué par la médiatisation. Le dispositif médiatique crée son propre espace d'interactions, dirigé par ces mêmes valeurs. La représentation de l'institution judiciaire sur d'autres scènes n'est donc pas sans conséquence sur ses formes signifiantes. La question de la mise en scène de l'institution judiciaire nous conduit ainsi à considérer la problématique de la médiation dans la modernité : comment concilier distance symbolique et proximité ?<br>The judicial institution is apprehended herewith as fields of study for information and communication sciences. The problems are more precisely considered through an anthropological approach as well as a semiotic, and a pragmatic approach. Indeed, with its staging the institution organizes both a symbolic and aesthetic mediation which contributes to the elaboration of an invisible structuring element. As an institution of symbolic mediation, it introduces elements which could not have met otherwise: that is to say, the subject and the states, the individual and society. . . , and it enunciate a global reaching discourse. Decorum and pomp, rituals then make up the elements of an enunciation device which exerts a power by assigning social roles and positions. Then, the staging is apprehended as a signifying chain with performing features which confer its authority. In the XX° century realm, the judicial institution was confronted to the supremacy of transparency and proximity to the detriment of its symbolic and cultural system. These post-modern values evoke the non mediation of a Justice without stage, in which symbolic barriers crumble. This phenomenon is exaggerated by mediatisation. Indeed, the Media creates its own area of interactions, directed by the same values. The representation of the judicial institution on other stages is therefore not without effect on its signifying forms. The issue of the staging of the judicial institution forces us to consider the problem of mediation in modernity: How to conciliate proximity and symbolic distance?
8
Stoffer, Heidi Marie. "Nostalgia and Materialism: Negotiating Modernity through Houses in Wharton, Fitzgerald and Cather." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1429543427.
Full text
9
Guevara, Carlos. "Approche psychopathologique du symptome dans les maladies de la modernité." Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT5025.
Full textAbstract:
Cette approche de la notion de symptôme dans le champ de la psychopathologie d'orientation psychanalytique est située dans une perspective à la fois historique et épistémologique et vise à montrer l'évolution essentielle du regard clinique depuis ses origines dans la médecine antique et à l'âge classique, jusque dans ses remaniements actuels à travers les conceptions « technicistes » postmodernes du rapport à la souffrance et à la santé psychique. L'éclairage essentiel apporté par la conception psychanalytique au début du XXème siècle consiste à réintroduire la question du Sujet souffrant dans une problématique largement dominée par un déterminisme organiciste issu de la psychiatrie du XIXème siècle. Grâce à Freud et sa définition du symptôme comme réalisation de désir inconscient et ensuite comme défense face à l'angoisse, une conception du sujet de l'inconscient s'impose sur une conception purement pathologique. Ensuite c'est avec Lacan, que sur la voie tracée par Freud, la dimension symbolique et réelle du symptôme sera mise à jour conceptuellement permettant d'aborder et d'éclairer les phénomènes cliniques qui caractérisent notre époque. Ce travail en fait un commentaire sur l'ensemble de ces phénomènes et sur la logique qui les ordonne et s'attarde sur deux problématiques en particulier : la dépression et la démence de type Alzheimer. Après la réflexion conceptuelle son intérêt est de mettre en valeur l'enjeu clinique et éthique qui consiste à maintenir la psychanalyse comme une offre valable pour accueillir et traiter le malaise du sujet de notre époque<br>This approach of the notion of symptom within the field of the psychopathology oriented by psychoanalysis is based on a perspective both historical and epistemological. Its aim is to point out essential evolution of the clinical outlook beginning with its origins, in the medicine of Antiquity and the Classical Age, up to the contemporary transformations following the “technicist” postmodern conceptions regarding suffering and psychic health. The basic contribution brought by the psychoanalytic conception at the beginning of the XXth century consists in the reintroduction of the Subject which suffers within a problematic largely dominated by an organicist determinism issued from XIXth century psychiatry. Due to Freud and to its definition of the symptom as realisation of an unconscious wish, and then as a defence as a response to anxiety, a particular conception of the subject of the unconscious is substituted for a conception purely pathological. It was then with Lacan that the path opened by Freud, concerning the real as well as the symbolic dimension of the symptom, will be actualized from a conceptual point of view, which also allowed for a treatment and clarifying of the clinic phenomena that characterise our epoch. This contribution constitutes a commentary on the set of these phenomena as well as on the logic that guides them, and it considers in detail two particular issues: depression and the Alzheimer type dementia. Following the conceptual argumentation, its main interest consists in bringing to light the clinical and ethical scope which concerns the fact of maintaining psychoanalysis as a effective offer in order to meet and treat the discontent of the subject of our times
10
Chivallon, Christine. "Tradition et modernité dans le monde paysan martiniquais : approche ethno-géographique." Bordeaux 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR30014.
Full textAbstract:
Le propos central de ce travail est l'étude des changements sociaux intervenus dans la collectivité paysanne martiniquaise entre les périodes se situant avant et après la départementalisation (1946). Dans la mesure ou l'existence stable d'une authentique paysannerie à la Martinique est fortement contestée, cette recherche s'attache aussi à démontrer que le mode de vie développe par les petits agriculteurs martiniquais depuis les lendemains de l'abolition de l'esclavage (1848) correspond bien à un modelé paysan. L’introduction de la modernité dans le monde paysan aurait contribué à créer des désordres profonds, ces derniers n'étant plus interprété comme les signes d'une instabilité ancienne, mais comme les résultats de la modernisation en cours<br>The main objective of this study stands in the understanding of the social changes having taken place in the peasantry in Martinique during the periods before and after it became a departement, in 1946. As far as the very existence of a stable authentic peasantry is strongly denied in Martinique, this research work also aims at showing that the way of life elaborated by the small agricultors since the years following the abolition of slavery (1848) corresponds to a real model of peasantry. The introduction of modernity in this sphere has probably induced important discorders ; the latter cannot be interpreted as signs of a more ancient unstability but rather as resulting from the modernization that is gradually taking place
11
Audouin, Michelle. "Modernism, environmental assessment and the sustainability argument : moving towards a new approach to project-based decision-making in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1324.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (DPhil (Philosophy))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Through my research I have developed an alternative conceptual approach to project-level
environmental assessment in South Africa, which begins to move beyond modernism in its
philosophical, procedural and substantive aspects. This approach draws on the ideas of certain
radical philosophers, and three innovative thinkers, namely: Bent Flyvbjerg, Amartya Sen and Paul
Cilliers.
The overall purpose of project-level environmental assessment (i.e. Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA)) is to predict the impacts on the environment of proposed development, and to
recommend ways to mitigate its negative consequences and enhance its positive effects. However,
there are a number of recurring problems in the practice of EIA which include: achieving interdisciplinarity
in the assessment process; effectively undertaking stakeholder engagement; and
accurately predicting the impacts of proposed developments. Addressing uncertainty and
adequately considering the implications of cumulative and social impacts are also often poorly
addressed in environmental assessment procedures.
In this thesis, I describe these problems as symptomatic of the modernist roots of environmental
assessment, an argument, or similar, which has been made by others in related domains (e.g.
philosophy), as well as in the international field of environmental assessment itself. I identify the
following three main problematic assumptions of the modern worldview that are currently
constraining the effectiveness of this field:
A system can be understood by observing the behaviour of its parts;
All processes flow along linear, deterministic, predictable and orderly paths; and Technical, objective, natural science-based information and processes are separate
from, and superior to, non-technical, subjective, and value-based information and
processes.
Drawing on my investigation of the core ideas of radical ecologists and of the work of Bent
Flyvbjerg, Amartya Sen and Paul Cilliers, I challenge the modernist assumptions listed above and
propose an alternative conceptual approach to environmental assessment, which involves the
formulation of a ‘sustainability argument’. I explain the philosophical tenets (for example, humans
and nature are seen as part of an interrelated social-ecological system) and general principles on
which this approach rests (for example, the normative nature of all knowledge of social-ecological
systems should be recognised), as well as its key characteristics (for example, the team that
undertakes the study should comprise disciplinary specialists, key stakeholders and at least one
‘sustainability practitioner’ who coordinates the development of the argument). These tenets,
principles and characteristics are designed to guide the development of context-specific processes,
for the formulation of a sustainability argument that informs project-level development decisionmaking.
The ‘sustainability argument’ approach moves beyond the human-nature (or developmentenvironment)
divide inherent in current environmental assessment, in which the impact of the
former on the latter is determined. The focus is shifted to understanding how the social-ecological
system is likely to alter, under different conditions, as a result of the proposed development, which
is seen as a potential change in the system. In addition, the way in which the social-ecological
system is likely to affect the implementation of this change is described. These effects are
evaluated in relation to contextually defined sustainability values, which are identified by key
stakeholders through a participatory process, and guided by the principles proposed as part of the
sustainability argument approach. The principles include a view of humans and nature as part of
an interrelated social-ecological system in which diversity, both human and natural, is valued as a
pre-requisite to sustainability. Human needs are defined beyond the provision of basic goods and
services, to include the promotion and enhancement of the valuable functionings and capabilities
of an individual, as described by Sen (1988b). Nature is valued, not only for its role in enabling the
achievement of these functionings and capabilities, but also for the fact of its existence, as part of
the overall social-ecological system.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In my navorsing het ek alternatiewe, konseptuele benadering tot omgewingsbeoordeling op
projekvlak in Suid Afrika ontwerp, wat begin om verby die filosofiese, prosedurele en substantiewe
aspekte van die modernisme te beweeg. Hierdie benadering berus op die idees van sekere
radikale filosowe, en drie innoverende denkers, naamlik: Bent Flyvbjerg, Amartya Sen en Paul
Cilliers.
Die oorkoepelende doelstelling van omgewingsbeoordeling op projekvlak (i.e. Omgewingsimpakstudie
(OIS)) is om die impakte op die omgewing van voorgestelde ontwikkeling te voorspel, en om
voorstelle te maak om die negatiewe gevolge daarvan te beperk en die positiewe gevolge te
bevorder. Tog is daar aantal herhalende probleme in die praktyk van OIS, wat die volgende
insluit: Die bereiking van interdissiplinariteit in die proses van omgewingsbeoordeling; die
versekering van effektiewe deelname van belangegroepe; en die akkurate voorspelling van die
impakte van voorgestelde ontwikkeling. Die hantering van onsekerhede en die voldoende
oorweging van die implikasies van kumulatiewe en sosiale impakte word ook nie voldoende
aangespreek in die ontwerp van omgewingsbeoordeling nie.
In hierdie tesis beskryf ek hierdie probleme as simptome van die modernistiese grondslag van
omgewingsbeoordeling, wat soortgelyke punt maak as die argument wat nie alleen deur ander
in verwante velde (e.g. filosofie) ontwikkel is nie, maar ook in die internasionale veld van
omgewingsbeoordeling self. Ek identifiseer die volgende drie problematiese kernaannames van die
moderne wêreldbeeld, wat tans die doeltreffendheid van omgewingsbeoordeling beperk:
Sisteem kan verstaan word deur die gedrag van sy dele waar te neem;
Alle prosesse volg liniêre, deterministiese, voorspelbare en geordende patrone; en
Tegniese prosesse en objektiewe, natuurwetenskaplik-begronde inligting is apart van,
en verhewe bo, nie-tegniese prosesse en subjektiewe en waardegebaseerde
oorwegings. Op grond van my ondersoek van die kernidees van radikale ekoloë, asook die werke van Bent
Flyvbjerg, Amartya Sen en Paul Cilliers, daag ek die bogenoemde modernistiese veronderstellings
uit, en stel alternatiewe benadering tot omgewingsbeoordeling voor, wat die formulering van
‘volhoubaarheidsargument’ insluit. Ek verduidelik die filosofiese uitgangspunte (byvoorbeeld dat
die mens en die natuur, in onderlinge wisselwerking met mekaar, gesien moet word as deel van
geïntegreerde sosio-ekologiese sisteem) en algemene beginsels waarop hierdie benadering berus
(byvoorbeeld dat die normatiewe aard van alle kennis van sosio-ekologiese sisteme erken behoort
te word), asook die kenmerkende eienskappe daarvan (byvoorbeeld dat die span, wat die studie
onderneem, saamgestel moet word uit kenners vanuit verskillende dissiplines, sleutelbelanghebbendes,
en ten minste een ‘volhoubaarheidspraktisyn’ wat die ontwikkeling van die
argument koördineer). Hierdie uitgangspunte, beginsels en eienskappe is ontwerp om die
ontwikkeling van konteksspesifieke prosesse te stuur, en vir die formulering van
volhoubaarheidsargument wat besluitneming oor ontwikkeling op projekvlak informeer.
Die ‘volhoubaarheidsargument’ benadering beweeg verby die mens-natuur (of ontwikkelingomgewing)
onderskeid inherent aan die huidige praktyk van omgewingsbeoordeling, waar die
impak van die eersgenoemde op die laasgenoemde bepaal word. Die klem verskuif na begrip vir
die manier waarop die sosio-ekologiese sisteem moontlik gaan verander, onder sekere toestande,
as gevolg van die voorgestelde verandering, wat beskou word as moontlike verandering in die
sisteem. Boonop word die manier waarop die sosio-ekologiese sisteem waarskynlik die
implementering van die verandering gaan beïnvloed ook beskryf. Hierdie effekte word geëvalueer
met betrekking tot konteks-gedefinieerde volhoubaarheidswaardes, wat deur deelnameproses
geïdentifiseer word deur sleutel belanghebbendes, en gelei deur die beginsels wat voorgestel word
as deel van die volhoubaarheidsargument benadering. Die beginsels sluit beskouing van mense
en die natuur as deel van interverwante sosio-ekologiese sisteem waarin diversiteit, beide
menslik en natuurlik, gewaardeer word as voorwaarde vir volhoubaarheid in. Menslike behoeftes
is gedefinieer as meer as net die voorsiening van basiese goedere en dienste om die bevordering
en verbetering van die waardevolle funksioneringe en vermoëns van individu, soos beskryf deur
Sen (1988b), in te sluit. Die natuur word gewaardeer, nie slegs vir die rol wat dit speel om die
verwesenliking van hierdie funksioneringe en vermoëns moontlik te maak nie, maar ook vir die feit
van die natuur se bestaan, as deel van die algehele sosio-ekologiese sisteem.
12
Benison, Jonathan. "Post-modernity and science fiction : an approach to the social relevance of J.G. Ballard's fiction." Thesis, University of Essex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328846.
Full text
13
Mahjoor, Ahmad Seyer. "Approche sociologique de la transition en Afghanistan, 2002-2005 : entre tradition et modernité." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUEL025.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse se propose d'étudier les enjeux de la transition de la tradition vers la modernité et la démocratie dans la société tribale et traditionnelle. Dans cette approche sociologique, nous essayons de montrer le problématique de la transition politique ou démocratisation du système institutionnel en Afghanistan depuis son indépendance jusque fin 2005. Cette thèse veut contribuer à l'élaboration d'une sociologie de la transition politique dans des contextes multiethniques et met l'accent sur la transition en Afghanistan entre 2002-2005. Après une réflexion de la sociologie politico-historique, cette thèse aborde la situation transitoire de l'Afghanistan depuis le 11 septembre 2001, l'intervention militaire internationale sous l'égide des Etats-Unis, la chute du régime des talibans, la mise en place d'une conférence internationale, l'engagement de la communauté internationale pour un processus de la paix, la reconstruction institutionnelle et l'établissement du pluralisme politique et l'instauration d'un régime démocratique représentatif via des élections libres sous l'égide des nations-unies, les enjeux sécuritaire et économique et la reconstruction du pays avec les aides de la communauté internationale. Après le bilan et la conclusion, cette thèse donne des perspectives en analysant les points positifs et négatifs de la situation et le degré de la réussite de cette transition vers la modernité et la démocratie en Afghanistan
14
Hayes, Katherine Jeanne. "Making meaning of madness: An integrated narrative approach to interpreting The Red Book." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1272091953.
Full text
15
Barbosa, Josà Roberto Alves. "Abordagem do professor de inglÃs em relaÃÃo aos "erros" de pronÃncia dos aprendizes." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2396.
Full textAbstract:
nÃo hÃ<br>A pronÃncia sempre esteve na pauta das discussÃes do ensino/aprendizado de lÃnguas. Na conjuntura atual, marcada pela necessidade de rupturas paradigmÃticas (KUHN, [1970] 1998) na proposta do ensino de inglÃs como lÃngua internacional (PHILLIPSON, 1992; PENNYCOOK, 1994; CRYSTAL, 1997, 2006), percebemos um tratamento bastante singular em relaÃÃo à aquisiÃÃo da pronÃncia, cujas metas consideram a tolerÃncia e a diversidade lingÃÃstica (JENKINS, 2000). A partir dessa perspectiva, e em virtude de suas implicaÃÃes para o ensino/aprendizado da lÃngua, objetivamos, com este trabalho, analisar a abordagem do professor brasileiro bilÃngÃe de inglÃs, em relaÃÃo aos âerrosâ de pronÃncia dos aprendizes. Para essa investigaÃÃo, partimos do conceito de abordagem, conforme proposto por Almeida Filho (1993; 1999), baseado na noÃÃo de habitus de Bourdieu (1991). A pesquisa se inscreve em um paradigma interpretativista/qualitativa de investigaÃÃo (TRIVIÃOS, 1987; ANDRÃ, 1998 e MOITA LOPES, 1994), de cunho etnogrÃfico (MOITA LOPES, 1996), que se propÃe à identificaÃÃo de como os sujeitos constroem e percebem os significados na interaÃÃo sociolingÃÃstica. Para a realizaÃÃo desse estudo, contamos com a colaboraÃÃo de quatro professores de inglÃs, do Curso de Letras, de uma determinada instituiÃÃo de ensino superior. ApÃs contato prÃvio, esses se dispuseram, de bom grado, a responder a um questionÃrio e a terem suas aulas gravadas para anÃlise posterior. A fim de ter uma representaÃÃo mais ampla da questÃo, apÃs a coleta, confrontamos, o posicionamento dos professores com a do material didÃtico por eles utilizado. A pesquisa revelou a existÃncia da tendÃncia dos professores em buscar uma pronÃncia âperfeitaâ, para os aprendizes, cuja meta se baseia na imitaÃÃo de um suposto padrÃo âamericanoâ e/ou âbritÃnicoâ do inglÃs. Os âerrosâ comumente abordados, e observados em sala de aula, sÃo, basicamente, os de inserÃÃo, substituiÃÃo e generalizaÃÃo de sons, prioritariamente, os segmentais. No nÃvel suprasegmental, em virtude de sua dificuldade de sistematizaÃÃo, o âerroâ que recebe alguma atenÃÃo dos professores à o da transferÃncia do acento lexical. Quando comparamos a abordagem do professor, com a do material didÃtico, observamos que este se concentra na imitaÃÃo dos sons suprasegmentais, enquanto que, os professores, enfatizam os segmentais. Observamos, tambÃm, que hà um distanciamento, pelo menos de trÃs dos quatro professores, da proposta de ensino/aprendizado da pronÃncia do inglÃs como lÃngua internacional. Resultante dessa abordagem acrÃtica, observamos ainda a ausÃncia de um posicionamento que perceba, nos supostos âerrosâ de pronÃncia dos aprendizes, a possibilidade de empoderamento social (FAIRCLOUGH, 1989), que aponte para aspectos identitÃrios (CASTELLS, 1999) no processo de construÃÃo da contradiscursividade (PEIRCE, 1995) dos falantes bilÃngÃes. Permanece, portanto, a antiga reproduÃÃo da crenÃa de que os alunos que nÃo sÃo capazes de imitar o falante monolÃngÃe sÃo lingÃisticamente deficientes.<br>Pronunciation has always been an important issue in language teaching and learning. Nowadays, in the search for a paradigmatic change (KUHN, 199) as a proposal for English teaching as an International Language (PHILLIPSON, 1992; PENNYCOOK, 1994; CRYSTAL, 1997, 2006), we have seen a distinct perception in relation to pronunciation acquisition which takes into account aspects such as tolerance and diversity (JENKINS, 2000). From this perspective, and due the implication of it in language teaching and learning, we intend, with this work, to analyze English teacher/professorâs approach, associated to learnersâ pronunciation âerrorsâ. In order to perform this investigation, we have considered the concept of approach as presented by Almeida Filho (1993; 1999) based on Bourdieuâs (1991) habitus conception. The research is allied to an interpretativist/qualitative paradigm of research (TRIVIÃOS, 1987; ANDRÃ, 1998 and MOITA LOPES, 1994), with an ethnographical tendency (MOITA LOPES, 1996), which aims at identifying how subjects negotiate and realize meaning in sociolinguistic interaction. To accomplish this study, we have counted with the collaboration of four English teachers/professors, of a Letras Course, in a specific university institution. After a previous contact, those teachers have accepted promptly to respond to a questionnaire and to have their classes recorded for posterior analysis. In order to have a wider representation of the situation, after collecting the material, we have confronted the didactic material used in classroom with teacher/professorâs positions. The research has revealed the existence of a strong predisposition, of those teachers, in achieving, for the learnersâ, a âperfectâ pronunciation, based on the imitation of a supposed English âAmericanâ or/and âBritishâ ânativeâ speaker. The âerrorsâ commonly approached and observed in classroom, are, basically, those of insertion, substitution and overgeneralization of segmental sounds. In the suprasegmental level, due to its difficult of systematicity, the âerrorâ that has a special consideration in classroom, by these teachers, is the lexical accent transfer. When we compared teacher/professorâs approach with that of the didactic material, we have observed that the last emphasizes the imitation of suprasegmental sounds while the teachers/professors are more preoccupied with segmental imitation. We have also realized that three, of the four teachers, have no awareness of a pronunciation approach in English teaching as an International Language. Those teachers/professors do not have a critical view which views, in learnersâ âerrorsâ, the possibility of empowering them (FAIRCLOUGH, 1989), and the recognition of âerrorsâ as identity markers (MOITA LOPES, 1998) in association with a counterdiscursive perspective on interlanguage pronunciation (PEIRCE, 1995). We have observed the reproduction of the antique belief that those learners who are not able to imitate the monolingual English speaker are linguistically deficient.
16
Martins, Cristiana Gomes de Freitas Menezes. "The evaluation of educational software programs for English as a foreign language and/or second language pronunciation development." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14859.
Full textAbstract:
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior<br>The purpose of this study was to evaluate how well educational software programs teach
English as a Foreign Language and/or Second Language (EFL/ESL) pronunciation following
the principles of the Communicative Approach (CELCE-MURCIA et al., 2010). In the first
stage of the research, a software program evaluation instrument was developed and validated.
Forty-six EFL/ESL teachers used it to analyze an online version of the software program
Pronunciation Power 2. The responses of the participants were submitted for statistical
analysis. An ICC of 0.983 (zero point nine hundred eighty-three) for the responses indicated a
high degree of correlation in the evaluation of the instrument items used by the participants.
The results of the One-Way ANOVA also indicated that there was no significant difference
(p> 0.05) in the evaluation of the items. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient obtained was 0.918
(zero point nine hundred and eighteen), indicating a high degree of internal consistency. The
results of the factor analysis suggested grouping the instrument items into 5 (five)
components that were arranged in the following order: 1. Content Design; 2. Pedagogical
Design; 3. Assessment/Flexibility Design; 4. Multimedia Design; and 5. Automatic Speech
Recognition (ASR) Design. In the second stage of the research, the instrument was used to
analyze 5 (five) EFL/ESL pronunciation teaching software programs available on the market.
Regarding the items of the component Content Design, the analysis showed that only one
software program obtained less than 50% (fifty percent) of the maximum rating, two
programs obtained between 50 and 70% (fifty and seventy percent) and two other programs
reached more than 80% (eighty percent) of the maximum rating. In the items of Pedagogical
Design, all programs scored above 50% (fifty percent); three programs obtained between 50
and 70% (fifty and seventy percent) and two other programs obtained above 70% (seventy
percent). The evaluation of the ASR Design indicated that the items for this component had
minimum ratings in all programs - four software programs scored zero and only one program
obtained 33.33% (thirty-three point thirty-three percent) of the maximum rating for this
component. The component Assessment/Flexibility Design obtained less than 50% (fifty
percent) of the maximum rating of all the group items, while the items for Multimedia Design
achieved higher ratings in most programs. Two software programs obtained between 50 and
70% (fifty and seventy percent) and three scored above 70% (seventy percent). To sum up,
the overall results indicate that only one software program obtained more than 75% (seventyfive
percent) of the maximum rating on the instrument. The other four programs presented
less than three-quarters of the necessary characteristics to potentially develop English
pronunciation. Although these programs, by themselves, may not be able to develop EFL/ESL
pronunciation satisfactorily, they can be used to enrich the teaching of EFL/ESL
pronunciation.<br>Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar de que maneira softwares educativos ensinam a pronÃncia do inglÃs como LÃngua Estrangeira e/ou Segunda LÃngua (LE/L2), seguindo os princÃpios da Abordagem Comunicativa (CELCE-MURCIA et al., 2010). Na primeira etapa da pesquisa, elaboramos um instrumento de avaliaÃÃo de softwares e o submetemos a processos de validaÃÃo. Quarenta e seis professores de inglÃs como LE/L2 o utilizaram para avaliar uma versÃo online do software âPronunciation Power 2â. As respostas dos participantes foram submetidas a tratamentos estatÃsticos. O ICC encontrado, 0,983 (zero vÃrgula novecentos e oitenta e trÃs), mostrou um alto grau de correlaÃÃo na avaliaÃÃo dos itens do instrumento pelos participantes. Os resultados da ANOVA simples tambÃm apontaram que nÃo havia diferenÃa significativa (p > 0,05) na avaliaÃÃo dos itens. O Coeficiente Alpha de Cronbach obtido de 0,918 (zero vÃrgula novecentos e dezoito) indicou um elevado grau de consistÃncia interna. JÃ os resultados da AnÃlise Fatorial sugeriram o agrupamento dos itens do instrumento em 5 (cinco) componentes que foram organizados na seguinte ordem: 1. Design de ConteÃdo; 2. Design PedagÃgico; 3. Design de AvaliaÃÃo/Flexibilidade; 4. Design de MultimÃdia; e 5. Design do Mecanismo de Reconhecimento AutomÃtico de Fala (MRAF). Na segunda etapa da pesquisa, utilizamos o instrumento para analisarmos 5 (cinco) softwares para o ensino da pronÃncia do inglÃs como LE/L2 disponÃveis no mercado. Em relaÃÃo aos itens do componente Design de ConteÃdo, a anÃlise evidenciou que apenas um software obteve menos de 50% (cinquenta por cento) da pontuaÃÃo total, dois softwares obtiveram entre 50 e 70% (cinquenta e setenta por cento) e outros dois atingiram mais de 80% (oitenta por cento) da pontuaÃÃo total. Nos itens de Design PedagÃgico, todos os softwares pontuaram acima de 50% (cinquenta por cento); trÃs softwares obtiveram entre 50 e 70% (cinquenta e setenta por cento) e dois outros acima de 70% (setenta por cento). JÃ a avaliaÃÃo de Design de MRAF apontou que os itens desse componente foram os que obtiveram menor pontuaÃÃo em todos os programas â quatro softwares pontuaram zero e um Ãnico software obteve 33,33% (trinta e trÃs vÃrgula trinta e trÃs por cento) do total de pontos do componente. O componente Design de AvaliaÃÃo/Flexibilidade obteve, na maioria dos programas, menos de 50% (cinquenta por cento) da avaliaÃÃo mÃxima de todos os itens do grupo, enquanto os itens de Design de MultimÃdia atingiram maior pontuaÃÃo na maioria dos programas. Dois softwares obtiveram entre 50 e 70% (cinquenta e setenta por cento) e trÃs pontuaram acima de 70% (setenta por cento). No somatÃrio geral, apenas um dos softwares obteve mais de 75% (setenta e cinco por cento) da pontuaÃÃo total do instrumento. Os outros quatro softwares apresentaram menos de trÃs quartos do total das caracterÃsticas necessÃrias para potencialmente desenvolverem a pronÃncia da lÃngua inglesa. Embora esses programas, por si prÃprios, nÃo sejam capazes de desenvolver a pronÃncia da lÃngua inglesa como LE/L2, eles podem ser usados para enriquecer o ensino da pronÃncia do inglÃs como LE/L2.
17
Rieck, Katja [Verfasser]. "A Matter of Principle : Political Economy and the Making of Postcolonial Modernity in India: A Foucauldian Approach / Katja Rieck." Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220164461/34.
Full text
18
Bernié-Boissard, Catherine. "Une approche critique de la modernite dans l'espace urbain nimois au cours des annees 1980." Montpellier 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON30016.
Full textAbstract:
L'espace urbain nimois des annees 1980 est marque par une serie de ruptures, d'ordre economique, social et politique, qui sont accompagnees d'un discours tendant a faire apparaitre la "modernite" comme un concept operatoire dans le champ des pratiques urbaines, legitimant de nouvelles representations de l'espace, et privilegiant la valeur d'echange de la ville, au detriment de sa valeur d'usage. Theme ideologique, la modernite renvoie a un modele qui n'entretient plus de relations qu'ephemeres ou formelles avec l'identite sociospatiale. Le phenomene central est constitue par un veritable renversement de la logique traditionnelle du developpement urbain : jusqu'ici, durant la periode contemporaine, la croissance economique etait le moteur de la croissance urbaine. Desormais, la ville, l'urbanite, deviennent en eux-memes facteurs de developpement, supposes entrainer l'essor demographique, economique et social. Le systeme spatial de la modernite est donc en rapport d'oppositionconfrontation permanent avec l'identite. La pregnance d'une histoire bi-millenaire de l'espace nimois - theme recurrent dans le paysage contemporain - eclaire les rapports d'opposition-confrontation de l'identite avec le systeme de la modernite<br>The urban space of the city of nimes, in the 80's, is characterized by a series of ruptures,economical, social, political-. Trough the discourse which goes together with these ruptures, modernity appears like an operating concept within the field of urban pratics, legitimating new representations of the notion of space and underlying the exchange value to the detriment of the usage value. Ideological theme, modernity bring us back to a model which has then very little to do with socio-spatial identity. The central phenomene is constitued by a reversal of the traditionnal logic of urban development: from the eighteenth century up to the present days, the economical growth was the mainspring of the urban expansion. From now on, the city, the urban space, are themselves factors of expansion able to bring about the demographic, economic and social growth. The spacial system of modernity is then in a permanent "confrontation-opposition" relationship with identity. The weight of a two thousand years old history throws light on the relationship between identity and modernity
19
Troadec, Marie-Thérèse. "Le jeu de la mort et de l'amour : une approche anthropologisue de la post-modernité." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H047.
Full textAbstract:
La postmodernité est illustrée par un ensemble de mythes qui met en évidence le système de croyances et de représentations qui habite l’homme du vingtième siècle. L’approche anthropologique se fait à partir d’un symptôme, la toxicomanie, qui nous donne à voir un dysfonctionnement, dévoilant l’entropie, c’est à dire l’échec du vivant. Dans ces conditions nous avons pu aborder le problème de l’entropie et la réaction du groupe social se mobilisant pour éviter la perte de la cohésion. La recherche se fait par l’analyse de trois corps de discours: celui de 52 lettres de drogues, celui du discours politique sur la lutte contre la toxicomanie en 1986, et celui de la pub et des offres d’emploi. La méthode structurale de A. J. Greimas ment en évidence la quête de l’objet de valeur, le jeu de liaisons opérant sur l’individu et les représentations qui en découlent. L’approche psychanalytique complète l’approche qualitative permettant l’observation du micro-univers de la triade familiale, cellule élémentaire du corps social. Elle permet de voir ce qui constitue le lien social et l’influence des liaisons et des déliaisons sur le sort de la cohésion<br>The post-modernity can be explained by existential myths making manifest convictions and representations of the contemporary humanity. The anthropological approach has been accomplished from a symptom, the drug addiction, which reveals something wrong about the social life. In front of this disease the society is disturbed and produces some reaction to keep the cohesion in the community. The research consists in analysis of three groups of discourse: one about 52 drug addicted letters, one about the political speech in 1986 about the struggle against the toxical dependence and one other about the economical speech: publicity. . . The structural method according to A. J. Greimas makes conspicuous the quest of value object. The play of the binding operating on the individual and representations depending of them. The psycho-analysis approach fills up the qualitative approach in order to notice the triad of the family, first element of the social group
20
Abouda, Chahrazed. "La création musicale entre tradition et modernité : approche analytique du répertoire de Mohammad ‘Abd al-Wahhab." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040047.
Full textAbstract:
La société musicale égyptienne est épanouit au début du vingtième siècle avec l’apparition des mouvementsréformistes. La constitution de cette société marquera sans doute profondément le paysage musical du répertoireclassique, mais c’est surtout à partir des années vingt et trente que tout un mouvement de jeunes musiciens essaierade faire une musique d’inspiration occidentale. Le compositeur-interprète égyptien Mohammad ‘Abd al- Wahhāb abien reflété ce mouvement rénovateur à travers son style de création musicale varié entre tradition et modernité,intertextualité et originalité, formalisme et liberté. Le répertoire de M. ‘Abd al- Wahhāb est un exemplereprésentatif pour étudier les premières tentatives de modernisation faisant appel à un métissage avec la musiqueoccidentale et bouleversant les paramètres : syntaxe, esthétique et style. Notre thèse a pour but de détecter les signesde la tradition et de la modernité apportés sur la forme musicale la plus authentique telle que l’improvisation vocalelayālī et mawwāl, en se basant sur une analyse comparative des oeuvres des grands maîtres qui ont marqué de leursempreintes le corpus de la musique égyptienne savante. Cette étude va permettre de dégager les constantes et lesvariantes qui ont déterminé l’évolution du répertoire de la musique traditionnelle au lendemain de la premièreguerre mondiale et d’étudier le processus adopté par M. ‘Abd al-Wahhāb pour imposer le renouveau contre leconservatisme tout en assurant le maintient de l’identité du système musical<br>The Egyptian music society flourished in the early twentieth century with the apparition of the reformist movements.The constitution of this society would with no doubt deeply leave its marks on the music landscape of the classicrepertoire. However, it is especially from the twenties and the thirties that an entire movement of young musicianswould try a new music of western inspiration. The Egyptian composer-singer Mohammad ‘Abd al-Wahhāb wellreflected this innovation movement through his style of music creation, varying between tradition and modernity,intertextuality and originality formalism and liberty. The repertoire of Mohammad ‘Abd al-Wahhāb is arepresentative example to study the first attempts of modernization appealing to a mixture with western music andturning upside down the parameters: syntax, aesthetics and style. The aim of our thesis is to detect the signs oftradition and modernity brought to the most authentic music form such as vocal improvisation layālī and mawwāl,taking as a basis a comparative analysis of the works of the great Masters who left their marks on the corpus of theEgyptian skilful music. This study will allow to extract the constants and the variants that determined the evolutionof the repertoire of the traditional music in post World War I and to study the process adopted by Mohammad ‘Abdal-Wahhāb to impose the renewal against conservatism by assuring the maintaining of the identity of the musicsystem
21
Sharma, Madhuri. "Spatial Integration and Neighborhood Diversity in US MSAs, 1990-2000: A Mixed-Method Approach." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1248878220.
Full text
22
Dreyer, Nicolas D. "'Post-Soviet neo-modernism' : an approach to 'postmodernism' and humour in the post-Soviet Russian fiction of Vladimir Sorokin, Vladimir Tuchkov and Aleksandr Khurgin." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1917.
Full textAbstract:
The present work analyses the fiction of the post-Soviet Russian writers, Vladimir Sorokin, Vladimir Tuchkov and Aleksandr Khurgin against the background of the notion of post-Soviet Russian postmodernism. In doing so, it investigates the usefulness and accuracy of this very notion, proposing that of ‘post-Soviet neo-modernism’ instead. Common critical approaches to post-Soviet Russian literature as being postmodern are questioned through an examination of the concept of postmodernism in its interrelated historical, social, and philosophical dimensions, and of its utility and adequacy in the Russian cultural context. In addition, it is proposed that the humorous and grotesque nature of certain post-Soviet works can be viewed as a creatively critical engagement with both the past, i.e. Soviet ideology, and the present, the socially tumultuous post-Soviet years. Russian modernism, while sharing typologically and literary-historically a number of key characteristics with Western modernism, was particularly motivated by a turning to the cultural repository of Russia’s past, and a metaphysical yearning for universal meaning transcending the perceived fragmentation of the tangible modern world. Continuing the older Russian tradition of resisting rationalism, and impressed by the sense of realist aesthetics failing the writer in the task of representing a world that eluded rational comprehension, modernists tended to subordinate artistic concerns to their esoteric convictions. Without appreciation of this spiritual dimension, semantic intention in Russian modernist fiction may escape a reader used to the conventions of realist fiction. It is suggested that contemporary Russian fiction as embodied in certain works by Sorokin, Tuchkov and Khurgin, while stylistically exhibiting a number of features commonly regarded as postmodern, such as parody, pastiche, playfulness, carnivalisation, the grotesque, intertextuality and self-consciousness, seems to resume modernism’s tendency to seek meaning and value for human existence in the transcendent realm, as well as in the cultural, in particular literary, treasures of the past. The closeness of such segments of post-Soviet fiction and modernism in this regard is, it is argued, ultimately contrary to the spirit of postmodernism and its relativistic and particularistic worldview. Hence the suggested conceptualisation of post-Soviet Russian fiction as ‘neo-modernist’.
23
Gagné, Julie. "Journalisme écrit francophone en Mauritanie : approche historique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17954.
Full text
24
Mastro, Puccio Fernando del. "The animic dimension of law: a preliminary approach from analytic psychology." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116207.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents a proposal of interdisciplinary approach between analytic psychology and law. From the basis of Carl G. Jung’s theoretical framework, we argue that the law is animated by psychic contents of archetypical nature, which shape the way in which humans relate with rules and authority and impact how we regulate as a society. The paper introduces myth interpretation as a means to comprehend that animic dimension of law and describes the concepts, techniques and cares that should guide the analysis. An interpretation of the fall of Adam and Eve is conducted as an example of the proposed interdisciplinary approach. The analysis leads us to argue that the psychic tendency to separate the inner self from the outer self, with the relegation of the former, derives in the domination of the masculine over the feminine and in a relationship characterized by distance and fear between humans and the authority. The regulation that arises from that context is one also marked by separation, fear of sanctions and is focused on the external behavior. The image of Jesus is thus presented as compensatory one since it tends to the reunion of the inner with the outer and of the feminine with the masculine, which derives in a regulation substantially different from that of the Old Testament.<br>En el presente artículo compartimos una propuesta de aproximación interdisciplinaria entre la psicología analítica y el derecho. Partiendo del marco teórico de Carl G. Jung, argumentamos que el derecho está animado por contenidos psíquicos de naturaleza arquetípica que moldean el modo en que el ser humano se vincula con la norma y la autoridad, marcando también anímicamente el modo en que nos regulamos como sociedad. En el trabajo se presenta la interpretación de mitos como herramienta para comprender dicha base anímica y se desarrollan los conceptos, técnicas y cuidados que deben guiar dicho análisis. Se presenta también un ejemplo de interpretación de la historia bíblica de la caída de Adán y Eva, relatada en el capítulo tercero del Génesis. Nuestra interpretación nos lleva a postular que la tendencia a separar la realidad interior de la exterior en el ser humano, con olvido de la primera, lleva a la dominación de lo masculino frente a lo femenino y al establecimiento de una relación de lejanía y temor entre el ser humano y la autoridad, fuente de la norma, lo que conduce a un modelo de regulación también lejana, centrada en el temor a la sanción y enfocada en el exterior de la conducta. Frente a esta lectura, la figura de Jesús será mostrada como compensatoria, en tanto busca la reunión de lo interior con lo exterior y de lo masculino con lo femenino, lo que da lugar a un modo de regulación sustancialmente diferente al del Antiguo Testamento.
25
Brunner, Raphaël. "Musique et pertinence : éléments pour une approche épistémologique, aspects de la modernité musicale européenne du second après-guerre." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0079.
Full textAbstract:
Cette étude examine l'interaction entre diverses œuvres musicales du second après guerre et diverses approches musicologiques; elle comprend une première partie qui expose les possibilités d'une réception musicale et une seconde où diverses œuvres sont appréhendées. À la suite de l'extension des propositions d'Adorno et de Dahlhaus, diverses conceptions langagières sont identifiées. Trois micrologies entrent en interaction avec ces positionnements langagiers. La première se concentre sur Nono et Huber. La deuxième est consacrée à Boulez, notamment à Pli selon pli et à l'improvisation III sur Mallarmé. Dans la troisième, les musiques de Dalbavie, Dufourt, Grisey, Holliger, Lachenmann et Ligeti sont approchées. La musique moderne ne médiatise pas seulement un sujet aux prises avec l'histoire mais aussi le devenir musical lui-même. Aussi s'avère-t-il nécessaire de confronter les approches musicologiques et les dynamiques des œuvres, afin de restituer à ces dernières une pertinence<br>This dissertation examines the interaction between various musical works of the Second World War and various musical approaches; it is composed of a first part that exposes the possibilities of a musical reception and a second part in which various works are understood. Following the extension of Adorno's and Dahlhaus' propositions, various linguistic conceptions are identified. Three micrologies are then introduced in connection with these linguistic positionings. The first one concentrates on Nono and Huber. The second is dedicated to Boulez, in particular to the Pli selon pli cycle and its fourth part, the Improvisation Illon Mallarmé. In the third, Dalbavie, Dufourt, Grisey, Holliger, Lachenmann and Ligeti's musical works are discussed. Modern music does not only mediatise a subject that is battling with history, but also the musical unfolding itself. It is then necessary to confront the musical approach to the very dynamics of musical works, in order to restore to them relevance
26
Iwakuni, Mari. "Politiques et religion au Japon : anachronisme ou modernité? : les partis politiques "religieux" dans la "démocratie" japonaise : une approche historique." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0066.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse entend interroger, à travers une histoire des relations entre le politique et le religieux, l'état réel de la « modernité » japonaise. La tendance dominante sur la longue durée est celle du contrôle des religions par l'État. Sauf au Moyen-âge, cette emprise n'a fait que se renforcer tout au long de l'histoire, pour aboutir au XXe siècle à l'imposition d'une idéologie nationaliste, le «Shinto d'État ». La domination de l'État sur les cultes et l'idéologie qui a conféré au Japon un caractère sacré (vision qui prévalait jusqu'à une date aussi récente que 1945) représentent un schéma inverse de celui qu'a connu l'Occident. De ce fait, le processus d'avènement de la modernité a pris une direction inverse lui aussi: alors qu'en Occident, la voie d'entrée « légitime » dans la modernité a passé par l'émancipation de la sphère temporelle vis-à-vis de l'emprise religieuse, au Japon, elle a passé par l'émancipation de la sphère religieuse vis-à-vis du joug du pouvoir temporel<br>This thesis proposes an alternate framework for the "legitimate" condition. . , for modernity. The current state of Japanese modernity is assessed by examining the historical relationship between the political and the religious spheres, and the significance of "laïcité" (French model of secularism) as it applies to Japan. With the exception of the Middle Ages, the state continually reinforced its control over religions, culminating in the state-imposed nationalistic ideology, "State Shinto," in the 20th century. This propensity for political ascendancy over religions and the ideology of the "sacred" nature of Japan, prevalent as recently as 1945, represent evidence of an antithetical framework from the one experienced in the West: while the autonomy of the temporal sphere from the religious had previously been deemed the "valid" prescription for entering into modernity, the advent of modernity in Japan has instead come via the emancipation of the religious sphere from temporal authority
27
Brusi, Fredrik. "In Search of a Lost Paradigm : A Case Study Approach to Retracing Traditionalist Influence in the Fatwas of Ali Goma, Grand Mufti of Egypt." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för mellanösternstudier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-77698.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is an attempt to describe how two religious edicts by the current Egyptian grand mufti relate to an ongoing theological debate in the Muslim world on the nature of miracles and the state of mankind between life and death. The study illustrates how the mufti adheres to the Sunni theological school of Ash‘ariyya and in what way said school has emerged as a theological middle ground between the literal and interpretative schools of thought. The study also reveals how the Mufti as a guardian of the faith must operate within a secularising context and what strategies are possible for him to utilise if he is to meet the demands of a modernised society whilst retaining a coherent religious explanation. In his office as grand mufti, Ali Goma may well be described as a traditionalist where theological matters are considered even if the governmental institute of Dār al- iftā has been modernised under his supervision and now uses 24 hour phone lines, e-mail, facebook and has an official webpage and translates many of its edicts into other languages than Arabic. This means that Dār al-iftā and Ali Goma are communicating an official Islam not only to the Muslims of Egypt, but has transformed from a national institute to a player in the era of globalisation.
28
Steynberg, Johanna Dorothea Irene. "An investigation to explore the impact of construction of reality on motivation in the industry : a narrative investigation / Irene Steynberg." Thesis, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/430.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this research study is to attempt to determine whether the realities or life-stories
that successful' employees construct with input from both their cultures of origin (external culture) and the
organisational (internal) culture impact on their state of motivation in the workplace.
This mini-dissertation is approached from both a theoretical and practical point of view. Related
theories and perspectives are explored in an attempt to arrive at an understanding of the philosophy
pertaining to construction of reality and motivation in the workplace. Individual narrative discussions were
conducted with successful employees, also referred to as respondents, in the research and development
division of a South African target industry in an effort to determine whether internal and/or external locus
of control impacted on construction of reality and subsequently on work-related motivation. The results
from a motivation questionnaire were also incorporated in the research study in order to try to determine
whether it supported the findings from the narrative discussions.
It can be concluded from this study that successful employees are mostly also motivated
employees and that both their cultures of origin and the organisational culture impact on their construction
of reality regarding motivation in the workplace. Furthermore, this explanation revealed that an employee's
construction of reality definitely impacts on his3 motivation. It is also evident from this research study that
these employees have an internal and/or external locus of control. It seemed insignificant whether the
respondents were motivated by internal or external factors, but what distinguished them from the other
employees were the finding that they were in fact motivated by some or other factor.
This study confirmed that different motivational factors impact on different employees as a result of
their uniquely constructed realities regarding work-related motivation and success. The challenge for
organisations therefore lies in determining which specific, culturally determined internal and/or external
factors motivate individual employees. This will enable them to instigate, sustain or increase the
motivation of their employees.<br>Thesis (M.A. (Sociology))--Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education, 2002.
29
Li, Jie. "Leadership, supervisor-focused justice, and follower values: A comparison of three leadership approaches in China." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1335903918.
Full text
30
Chang, Hsin-Ning. "Viewing the Long Take in Post-World War II Films: A Cognitive Approach." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1227302639.
Full text
31
Mbollé, Henriette. "Paroles, cinémas et modernités : une approche socio-politique et sémio-narratologique de la modernité au cinéma : le cinéma durassien du vide et le cinéma africain francophone." Nancy 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN21033.
Full textAbstract:
La modernité au cinéma dans les années 1960-1970, appréhendée comme prise de parole politique par le cinéma à l'échelle nationale et internationales été ramenée à la seule crise des fondements. Une telle conception néglige l'autre aspect de cette modernité qu'était la recherche des fondements, surtout dans les pays du tiers-monde, et en plus accrédite la thèse actuelle du "retour de la fiction". Privilégiant les notions de diversité et de décentrement, notre recherche tend à montrer qu'on ne saurait décréter, dans l'absolu, la fin d'une modernité cinématographique dont les enjeux et les retombées ont été en même temps explicités et subtils, semblables et opposes, internationaux et fondamentalement locaux. Il s'agit d'un décentrement de l'interprétation de cette modernité, vue ici comme crise et en même temps recherche des fondements; d’un décentrement de la méthode d'approche, qui oscille entre une lecture socio-politique et thématique, et une analyse semio-narratologique; enfin d'un décentrement du corpus filmique en optant pour une approche chiasmatique de deux cinématographies "modernes" l'une aux antipodes de l'autre: le cinéma de Marguerite Duras défini par la crise des certitudes, le vide, et le cinéma africain francophone, porte vers une plénitude du sens due à la quête de l'identité culturelle africaine authentique. Dans l'une et l'autre cinématographie, la parole constitue un élément fondamental, tant en tant qu'action ("la parole-action"), qu'en tant que récit ("la parole-récit"). Notre évaluation apprécie la modernité cinématographique par rapport à la réalité politique (1ère partie),à l'altérité et à l'utopie (2ème partie),à la réception (3ème partie),au récit (4ème partie),et au mouvement comme concept-clé sous-tendant la notion de modernité (5eme partie). Au-delà de l'analyse socio-politique et semio-narratologioue des films, ce travail pose également les bases d'une anthropologie de la modernité au cinéma<br>Modernity in cinema in the sixties and the seventies, defined as a political speech in cinema on national and world scale, has been reduced to the only crisis of foundations. Such a conception neglects research of foundations in this cinematographically modernity specially met in the third world, and gives substance to the actual thesis of "return of the fiction". In this work, we favor diversity and decentration, in order to show the impossibility to decree the end of this cinematographically modern movement, thus its stakes and consequences have been at the same time explicit and subtle, similar and opposed, international and fundamentally local. We adopt a decentration of interpretation, studying this modernity not only as crisis of foundations, but also as research of these foundations ; a decentration of method, that is not only socio-political but also semio-narrative; finally a decentration of films corpus, analyzing in a chiasmatical approach, two "modern" cinemas radically different: the movies of M. Duras defined by the crisis of certitudes, the vacuous, and the French-speaking African cinema researching the fullness of authentic African cultural identity. Words as action ("la parole-action") and as narration ("la parole-recit") have a great place in these two "modern" cinemas. We study them in relation with the socio-political reality (1rst part),with the otherness and the utopia (2nd part), with the problem of reception (3rd part),with the question of narration (4th part), with the concept of movement as a great concept around the notion of modernity (5th part). Beyond films socio-political and semio- narrative analysis, this work is also a reflexing about anthropology of modernity in cinema
32
Matysová, Kristýna. "Écrire le monde en marchant. Une approche de la modernité en Bohême et en France du début du XIXe siècle aux années 1940." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040054.
Full textAbstract:
Dans les récits allégoriques chrétiens, le pèlerin est une figure symbolique représentant le parcours de l’Homme vers le Paradis. À partir de la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle, les poètes, promeneurs et flâneurs poursuivent la quête d’un au-delà entre les murs des grandes villes. La présente thèse examine les cas de figures des flâneries modernes. En étudiant des textes qui mettent en scène le thème de la marche, ce travail propose une analyse chronologique des approches de la Modernité dans la littérature et dans les arts français et tchèques du début du XIXe siècle aux années 1940. En étudiant les motifs constituants des récits de promenades modernes et le rôle du contexte historique et social de leur création, cette thèse apporte une contribution à la réflexion sur les parallèles culturels entre la France et la Bohême. En outre, elle livre une analyse de divers genres littéraires nés de la nécessité de l’Homme d’écrire le monde en marchant<br>In Christian allegoric texts the Pilgrim traditionally symbolizes the journey of mankind to heaven. From the second half of the 19th century on, poets, travelers, and vagabonds pursued the quest of an afterlife from within city walls. This dissertation examines the different representations of modern wandering via an in-depth analysis of the theme as encountered in French and Czech literature and arts from the early 19th century to the 1940's. It reveals, in chronological order, the different artistic approaches to modernity. By bringing out the various patterns that emerge from the texts, while taking into account the historical and social contexts in which they were created, this work adds to existing knowledge on the cultural similarities between France and Bohemia. It also examines the different literary genres which originate from mankind’s need to walk and write the world<br>V krestanských alegorických textech je poutník symbolickou postavou na ceste do Ráje.Od druhé poloviny devatenáctého století básníci, chodci a flânéri, se pokoušejí odhalitskrytou tvár reality na ulicích velkomest. Tato disertacní práce analyzuje podobymoderního poutnictví. Chronologicky razené rozbory del, týkajících se tématu chuze,sledují vývoj tvurcích postoju k modernímu svetu ve francouzské a ceské literature avýtvarném umení od zacátku devatenáctého století do konce ctyricátých let stoletídvacátého. Studiem dílcích motivu moderních poutnických textu, zasazenýchdo historického a sociálního kontextu doby jejich vzniku, tato práce prispívá k prohloubenípoznatku o kulturních paralelách mezi Francií a Cechami. Navíc tato disertace zkoumározlicné literární žánry, pro než byla prvotním impulsem potreba autora jít a psát
33
Nelson, Craig William Phillip. "'Enhanced' public participation and the involvement of the general public of Salisbury in the South West Area Multi Modal Study : an assessment of Labour's 'modernised' approach to 'better' decision-making." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2005. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU204686.
Full textAbstract:
When Labour took power in 1997, it all but abandoned the large scale road building plans of the previous Conservative administration and undertook a policy of 'integrated' transport which focused more on public transport as a solution to congestion. However, a number of roads projects survived, pending further review by a series of Multi Modal Studies (MMS). For the first time, a transport study would not be modal-specific. Around the same time, and following a particularly poor turnout at the ballot box, Labour began steps to 'modernise' democracy in the UK and encourage people to become more politically 'involved' through what became known as 'enhanced' participation methods. The Government believed that more public involvement would mean 'better' decisions were made. This thesis examines one of the MMS, the South West Area Multi Modal Study, which took place between April 2000 and May 2003. The central aim of the thesis is to assess the influence and success of 'enhanced' participation in encouraging the general public to become 'involved' in the study process. The study employs predominately quantitative methods of data collection and analysis, including the use of a questionnaire distributed to random addresses. The main findings are that, despite consultants employing 'enhanced' methods of participation, the majority of respondents were unaware of the study taking place. Because of this lack of interest, any decisions made based on the submissions of the public would have been significantly unrepresentative and in no means 'better'. The thesis also uncovered a degree of participation potential amongst respondents and a number of barriers that may encourage more of the general public to participate in the future. If these barriers are addressed 'enhanced' participation would appear to be a workable and useful tool in the Government's quest for a 'modernised social democracy' and 'better' decision making.
34
Derennes, Eric. "Henri V (duc de Bordeaux, comte de Chambord) ou la monarchie traditionnelle française à l'épreuve de la modernité post-révolutionnaire (1820-1872) : approche biographique d'une rupture progressive." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100085.
Full textAbstract:
Henri d'Artois, duc de Bordeaux, puis comte de Chambord, fut le dernier rejeton de la branche aînée des Bourbons. Chassé de France avec sa famille par la révolution de juillet-août 1830, il vécut dès lors en exil (Ecosse, Autriche) où il mourut, sans jamais avoir vraiment pu - ni peut-être voulu- remonter sur le trône. En effet, sa conception archaïque de la monarchie traditionnelle -revisitée davantage que réelle- se heurta à la modernité issue de la Révolution, sans qu'une composition fût possible. Attaché à son principe de légitimité monarchique (cf. Le drapeau blanc), il se laissa enfermer dans l'espace-temps long de l'exil qui trouvait ses racines dans l'éducation et la formation imprégnées des valeurs de l'Ancien Régime qu'il avait reçu enfant. Le parti légitimiste, sur lequel Henri V exerça un contrôle relatif, ne fut jamais en mesure de raviver la flamme royaliste dans une France travaillée à échelle croissante par des problématiques nouvelles (déchristianisation, démocratie, prolétariat, socialisme, etc). Son histoire fut d'abord celle d'un renoncement latent, avant de se révéler un refus patent des exigences de la modernité<br>Henri d'Artois, duke of Bordeaux, then count of Chambord, was the last child of the eider branch of the Bourbons. Driven out France with his family by the July-august 1830's revolution, he lived consequently in exile (Scotland, Austria), where he finally died, without never really to have been able -nor perhaps wanted- to go up on the throne. Indeed, his archaically conception of the traditional monarchy -revisited more than real- ran up against modernity resulting from the Revolution without an arrangement being possible. Attached to his principle of monarchical legitimacy (cf. The white flag), he was let lock up in the long space time of the exile which found his roots in impregnated education and training of the values of Ancient Regime that he had received when he was a child. The legitimist party, on which Henri V exerted himself a control, was able never to revive the royalist flame in France worked with a crescent scale by new problems (dechristianization, democracy, proletariat, socialism, etc). His history was initially that of a latent renouncement, before appearing an obvious refusal of the requirements of the modem times
35
Delsenne, Ludivine. "Les Etats du Maghreb et la Turquie en recherche de modernité : Approche des évolutions en termes de démocratie représentative pluraliste, d'état de droit et droits de l'homme." Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL20024.
Full textAbstract:
La modernité, pierre angulaire des problèmes dominants en terre d'Islam, est souvent réduite à une dialectique de confrontation abusivement limitée au dialogue heurté entre une civilisation archai͏̈que et un Occident moderne, tendant à reproduire le conflit ancien entre les deux religions du livre. Notre propos est de rendre compte de la complexité des rapports de l'Islam à la modernité, à la lumière des expériences de la Turquie et des Etats du Maghreb dans leur adaptation à un environnement juridique international en constante effervescence. Une tension permanente entre le modèle juridique occidental, souvent perçu comme néo-colonial mais réputé universel, et le respect de la spécificité culturelle musulmane a marqué la construction nationale et étatique des Etats étudiés. Il en est résulté une ambivalence des textes entre l'adoption du constitutionnalisme occidental et le maintien des références à l'Islam, provoquant une certaine ambigui͏̈té juridique de l'Etat. De la question des rapports constitutionnels entre Etat et Islam, découle celle de la lai͏̈cité comme modèle de modernité adopté par la Turquie et dans une certaine mesure par la Tunisie, qui reste toutefois durablement posée pour l'Algérie et le Maroc. En outre, les tentatives de rapprochement entre les blocs culturels, notamment entre l'Europe et la Méditerranée, conduisent à une imprégnation progressive et irréversible des systèmes de droit nationaux par l'ordre juridique international conçu comme un système de normes positives mais aussi comme une vision juridique du monde visant à imposer la construction de l'Etat de droit comme inéluctable. Il en résulte, pour les Etats étudiés, une tension dynamique entre la volonté de préserver leur identité juridique et celle d'introduire les paramètres caractéristiques de l'Etat de droit. Mais, jusqu'à présent, cette transposition demeure formelle. Au cœur du questionnement, les droits de l'homme et notamment les droits de la femme apparaissent comme le dernier bastion de résistance de l'évolution complète des Etats étudiés vers la modernité<br>Modernity, hones angular dominant ground problems of Islam, is often reduced to dialectical of confrontation wrongly limited to the dialogue run up against between an antiquated civilization and a modern occident tending to reproduce the old conflict between the two religions of the book. Our intention is to account for the complexity of the relations between Islam and modernity, in the light of the experiments of Turkey and States of the Maghreb in their adaptation to a legal international environment in constant effervescence. A permanent tension enters the Western legal model often perceived like neo-colonial but considered universal and the respect of the Moslem cultural identity marked national ambivalence from the texts between the adoption of the Western constitutionnalism and the maintenance of the references to Islam, causing a certain legal ambiguity of the State. Question of the constitutional relationship between State and Islam, rises that from secularity like model of modernity adopted by Turkey, and to a certain extent by Tunisia, which remains however durably posed for Algeria and Morocco. Moreover, the attempts at bringing together between the cultural blocks, in particular between Europe and the Mediterranean, lead to a progressive and irreversible impregnation systems of national law by the international legal order conceived like a system of positive standards but also like a legal vision of the world aiming at imposing the construction of the State of right like inescapable. It results from it for the studied States a dynamic tension between the will to preserve their legal identity and that to introduce the parameter characteristics of the State of right. But, until now, this transposition remains formal. The heart of the questioning, the humans right and in particular the women's rights seem the last bastion of resistance of the complete evolution of the States studied towards modernity
36
Zerbib, Olivier. "Je(ux) en ligne : pour une approche socio-communicationnelle des technologies numériques et des formes de réflexivités culturelles." Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00674659.
Full textAbstract:
Comment rendre compte des transformations opérées dans le champ culturel par les technologies numériques ? Au-delà des grands récits technicistes, quelle entrée choisir pour observer les mutations induites par le numérique dans les rapports qu'entretiennent les publics avec les objets culturels ? Sur quels terrains se placer pour tenter de saisir les transformations issues de l'émergence d'une technologie hybride et protéiforme, sans pour autant faire de l'informatique une pratique culturelle " comme les autres " ou verser dans le déterminisme médiatique ?En pointant les doutes et les hésitations ayant marqué ce travail de thèse, en les examinant et en les contextualisant diachroniquement, il s'est agi de contribuer à l'analyse de la réception et des dynamiques culturelles en lien avec les technologies numériques. Cette réflexion, construite sur une longue durée, s'est attachée à l'exploration d'usages du numérique qui, en leur temps, semblaient devoir s'imposer comme radicalement " modernes ". Ainsi, en trois temps et trois focales nous avons choisi d'étudier des objets apparemment hétéroclites mais qui devaient témoigner des profonds changements culturels engagés par l'émergence des technologies de l'information et de la communication. Ce cheminement nous a conduit à étudier des pratiques aux statuts sociaux et scientifiques divers, depuis les lectures en bibliothèques jusqu'aux jeux vidéo en passant par les écritures intimes sur les sites de rencontres ou les blogs. Cette méthodologie nous a finalement conduit à isoler un élément transversal aux objets étudiés, et dont le déploiement est favorisé par les technologies numériques : l'essor des capacités réflexives des publics de la culture.
37
Suzana, Jovanović. "Иновације у настави на примерима песника модерне у српској књижевности с почетка двадесетог века". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Filozofski fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2016. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=100393&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textAbstract:
У дисертацији Иновације у настави напримерима песника модерне у српскојкњижевности с почетка двадесетог векабавимо се методичким приступомпесницима српске модерне у средњој школи.Наш задатак је био да истражимо, теоријскизаснујемо и емпиријски проверимо како новемоделе тако и устаљене моделе методичкихприступа песницима српске модерне.Трудили смо се да наше проучавање иманаучни, али пре свега и практични значај.Имајући у виду устаљени модел по коме сеепоха модерне обрађује у средњој школи,понудили смо нове алтернативне моделечије ће се иновације односити на различитеметодолошке и методичке аспекте од којихсе полази у изучавању појединих песничкихдела, а чија ће делотворност бити истраженапраћењем и провером рада експерименталнегрупе како би резултати, до којих сеистраживањем дошло, били поткрепљени инаставном праксом. Основна полазишта уинтерпретацији песама биће тематске речи,мотивска структура, доминантна осећања,песничке слике, наративни ток. У свакомпојединачном моделу тежили смометодолошком плурализму и интегралномметодичком приступу.<br>U disertaciji Inovacije u nastavi naprimerima pesnika moderne u srpskojknjiževnosti s početka dvadesetog vekabavimo se metodičkim pristupompesnicima srpske moderne u srednjoj školi.Naš zadatak je bio da istražimo, teorijskizasnujemo i empirijski proverimo kako novemodele tako i ustaljene modele metodičkihpristupa pesnicima srpske moderne.Trudili smo se da naše proučavanje imanaučni, ali pre svega i praktični značaj.Imajući u vidu ustaljeni model po kome seepoha moderne obrađuje u srednjoj školi,ponudili smo nove alternativne modelečije će se inovacije odnositi na različitemetodološke i metodičke aspekte od kojihse polazi u izučavanju pojedinih pesničkihdela, a čija će delotvornost biti istraženapraćenjem i proverom rada eksperimentalnegrupe kako bi rezultati, do kojih seistraživanjem došlo, bili potkrepljeni inastavnom praksom. Osnovna polazišta uinterpretaciji pesama biće tematske reči,motivska struktura, dominantna osećanja,pesničke slike, narativni tok. U svakompojedinačnom modelu težili smometodološkom pluralizmu i integralnommetodičkom pristupu.<br>The dissertation Innovations in teachingthrough the examples of poets of modernism inSerbian literature at the beginning of thetwentieth century deals with methodologicalapproach to poets of Serbian Modernism in highschool. At first our task was to base and then toestablish theoretically, and finally to check outempirically both the new and the establishedmodels of methodological approach to the poetsof Serbian Modernism. The aim of our study isnot only to achieve scientific but primarilypractical significance. Bearing in mind that theestablished model by which the epoch ofModernism is taught in high school, we offereda new alternative models whose innovationsrelate to various methodological and methodicalaspects which are the starting point in the studyof certain poetic deeds, and whose effectivenesswill be examined by monitoring and testingexperimental groups in order to corroborate theresults of the research by teaching practice aswell. The basic starting point in interpretingpoems will be themed words, motif structure,dominant feelings, poetic images, narrativestream. In each model, we searched for integralmethodological pluralism and methodicalapproach.
38
Naghmouchi, Mohamed yassine. "Gestion de la sécurité dans les systèmes de télécommunications : modèles, polyèdre et algorithmes." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED008.
Full textAbstract:
Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une nouvelle approche de gestion de risques pour les réseaux de télécommunications. Celle-ci est basée sur le concept de graphes d’analyse de risques appelés Risk Assessment Graphs (RAGs). Ces graphes contiennent deux types de noeuds : des points d’accés qui sont des points de départ pour les attaquants, et des noeuds appelés bien-vulnérabilité. Ces derniers doivent être sécurisés. La propagation potentielle d’un attaquant entre deux noeuds est représentée par un arc dans le RAG. Un poids positif représentant la difficulté de propagation d’un attaquant est associé à chaque arc. D’abord, nous proposons une approche quantitative d’évaluation de risques basée sur le calcul des plus courts chemins entre les points d’accés et les noeuds bien-vulnérabilité. Nous considérons ensuite un problème de traitement de risque appelé Proactive Countermeasure Selection Problem (PCSP). Etant donnés un seuil de difficulté de propagation pour chaque paire de point d’accés et noeud bien-vuln ́erabilité, et un ensemble de contremesures pouvant être placées sur les noeuds bien-vulnérabilité, le problème PCSP consiste à déterminer le sous ensemble de contremesures de coût minimal, de manière à ce que la longueur de chaque plus court chemin d’un point d’accés à un noeud bien-vulnérabilité soit supérieure ou égale au seuil de difficulté de propagation. Nous montrons que le PCSP est NP-complet même quand le graphe est réduit à un arc. Nous donnons aussi une formulation du problème comme un modèle de programmation bi-niveau pour lequel nous proposons deux reformulations en un seul niveau: une formulation compacte basée sur la dualité en programmation linéaire, et une formulation chemins avec un nombre exponentiel de contraintes, obtenue par projection. Nous étudions cette deuxième formulation d’un point de vue polyhèdral. Nous décrivons différentes classes d’inégalités valides. Nous discutons l’aspect facial des inégalités de base et des inégalités valides. Nous concevons aussi des méthodes de séparation pour ces inégalités. En utilisant ces résultats, nous développons un algorithme de coupes et branchements pour le problème. Nous discutons enfin d’une étude numérique approfondie montrant l'éfficacité des résultats polyhèdraux d’un point de vue algorithmique. Notre approche s’applique à une large gamme de cas réels dans le domaine de télécommunications. Nous l’illustrons à travers plusieurs cas d’utilisation couvrant l’internet des objets (IoT), les réseaux orient ́es logiciel (SDN) et les réseaux locaux (LANs). Aussi, nous montrons l’intégration de notre approche dans une application web<br>In this thesis, we propose a new risk management framework for telecommunication networks. This is based on theconcept of Risk Assessment Graphs (RAGs). These graphs contain two types of nodes: access point nodes, or startingpoints for attackers, and asset-vulnerability nodes. The latter have to be secured. An arc in the RAG represents apotential propagation of an attacker from a node to another. A positive weight, representing the propagation difficulty ofan attacker, is associated to each arc. First, we propose a quantitative risk evaluation approach based on the shortestpaths between the access points and the asset-vulnerability nodes. Then, we consider a risk treatment problem, calledProactive Countermeasure Selection Problem (PCSP). Given a propagation difficulty threshold for each pair of accesspoint and asset-vulnerability node, and a set of countermeasures that can be placed on the asset vulnerability nodes, thePCSP consists in selecting the minimum cost subset of countermeasures so that the length of each shortest path froman access point to an asset vulnerability node is greater than or equal to the propagation difficulty threshold.We show that the PCSP is NP-Complete even when the graph is reduced to an arc. Then, we give a formulation of theproblem as a bilevel programming model for which we propose two single-level reformulations: a compact formulationbased on LP-duality, and a path formulation with an exponential number of constraints, obtained by projection. Moreover,we study the path formulation from a polyhedral point of view. We introduce several classes of valid inequalities. Wediscuss when the basic and valid inequalities define facets. We also devise separation routines for these inequalities.Using this, we develop a Branch-and-Cut algorithm for the PCSP along with an extensive computational study. Thenumerical tests show the efficiency of the polyhedral results from an algorithmic point of view.Our framework applies to a wide set of real cases in the telecommunication industry. We illustrate this in several practicaluse cases including Internet of Things (IoT), Software Defined Network (SDN) and Local Area Networks (LANs). We alsoshow the integration of our approach in a web application
39
Bayle, Priscilla. "Analyses quantitatives par imagerie à haute résolution des séquences de maturation dentaire et des proportions des tissus des dents déciduales chez les néanderthaliens et les hommes modernes." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/563/.
Full textAbstract:
Les chronologies absolues et relatives et les modèles de minéralisation et d'éruption des éléments dentaires constituent des variables-clefs permettant d'évaluer les relations phylogénétiques entre les taxons fossiles et les stratégies évolutives et adaptatives des populations du passé. Dans la lignée humaine, bien que la chronologie absolue de maturation soit considérée comme un meilleur indicateur de la durée des " âges de la vie ", la question de la variabilité dans la mise en place relative des dents est elle aussi essentielle, en tant que possible cause ou conséquence de changements morphologiques au cours de l'évolution. Dans ce contexte, la question de la chronologie relative de minéralisation chez les Néanderthaliens, dont le volume cérébral est en moyenne similaire, voire supérieur au nôtre à l'âge adulte et déjà comparable à la naissance, est encore fortement discutée. Grâce à l'apport d'une série originale d'éléments qualitatifs et quantitatifs et à l'utilisation des techniques non-invasives d'imagerie 3D, ce travail de recherche a eu pour objectif principal d'identifier et de caractériser, si possible, un modèle " néanderthalien " vs. Un modèle " moderne " à travers la reconnaissance potentielle d'une signature typique/unique. Dans cette perspective, nous avons quantifié le degré de minéralisation des éléments de la denture mandibulaire de 33 spécimens fossiles immatures représentant des Néanderthaliens et des humains modernes. Par l'intermédiaire d'une approche bayésienne, nous avons calculé la probabilité que les séquences fossiles soient retrouvées dans un échantillon de référence de 2305 enfants vivants d'origines géographiques variées. Les résultats révèlent seulement de faibles différences entre les séquences néanderthaliennes et les séquences modernes. Les divergences sont principalement liées à un retard relatif, observé chez les Néanderthaliens, dans la maturation des dents antérieures, particulièrement des incisives, et à une avance relative dans l'édification des molaires. .<br>Absolute and relative chronologies and patterns of dental mineralization and eruption represent key-indicators for inferring phylogenetic relationships among extinct taxa and assessing the evolutionary and adaptive strategies of past populations. In human evolution, even if maturational timing is considered as a better indicator of life-history, patterning variation is equally relevant, as it represents a possible source for morphological evolutionary change. In this context, the relative chronology of dental mineralization in Neanderthals, whose endocranial volume in adulthood is equivalent to, or even larger than, our own and already comparable at birth, is still a controversial matter. Thanks to a new body of qualitative and quantitative evidence generated by means of noninvasive 3D imaging, the major goal of the present research was the tentative identification and characterization of a possible "Neanderthal" vs. A "modern" condition through the recognition of a typical/unique signature. In this perspective, the maturational stage of the mandibular teeth of 33 immature fossil specimens representing Neanderthals and modern humans has been assessed. By using a Bayesian approach, the probability that the fossil sequences are found within a reference sample of 2305 extant children of various geographic origins has been calculated. Results show that the differences found between Neanderthal and modern maturational sequences are modest, as a whole. The most influential factor is represented by a slight discrepancy in Neanderthals between the stage of mineralization of the anterior teeth, mainly of the incisors, which are proportionally delayed, and the maturational level reached by the molars, which are proportionally advanced. .
40
Teimouri, Mahmoud. "D'une pensée moderniste à une approche paysagère : étude du rôle de l'identité dans les approches de rénovation urbaine à Téhéran contemporain (depuis la fondation de l' organisation de la rénovation urbaine de Téhéran en 1975)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010550/document.
Full textAbstract:
La présente thèse se propose d'évaluer le rôle de l'identité urbaine dans les évolutions des approches de la rénovation urbaine en Iran et à Téhéran contemporain. La Partie I examine les fondements théoriques dont l'identité et l'identité du lieu, ainsi que leur rôle dans l'histoire de la civilisation iranienne. Le chapitre 1 présente une analyse des pensées des philosophes irano-musulmans pour déterminer un cadre pour le concept de l'identité. Le chapitre 3 se servira de ce cadre conceptuel pour obtenir les critères d'évaluation de l'identité de la ville. La Partie II est consacrée aux expériences de la rénovation urbaine dans le monde et présentera une image générale de l'évolution historique des tendances identitaires. La Partie III examine les politiques identitaires, les programmes, la législation et les plans de rénovations urbaines pendant l'histoire contemporaine de l'Iran. Le but est de présenter les courants d'idées identitaires dans le domaine de la rénovation urbaine. La Partie IV se concentre sur l'étude de trois grands projets de rénovation à Téhéran, pour évaluer les évolutions des approches de rénovation, du point de vue de l'attention portée à la question de l'identité. La thèse présentée est la suivante : l'identité urbaine a toujours été l'un des défis principaux des projets de rénovation urbaine en Iran et à Téhéran, et a joué un rôle déterminant dans les changements des approches. Pour accéder à une identité urbaine convenable à Téhéran, de nombreuses approches ont été expérimentées ; du recours aux méthodes modernistes se focalisant sur les aspects physiques, à l'approche de la théorie du paysage, se fondant sur la construction du lieu<br>This thesis evaluates the role of identity in changing urban renovation approaches in contemporary Iran and Tehran. The first part as theoretical bases deals with the concepts of identity, place identity and its importance in the civilization history of Iran. In the first chapter, the framework of the concept of identity in the culture of Iran is developed by the content analysis of the main Iranian-Islamic philosophers' view. In the third chapter, the criteria of evaluating place identity and its functions are investigated by using this framework and analyzing theoreticians' views. In the second part, the experiences of urban renovation in the world are studied and dominant approaches are introduced. In the third part, while identifying identity policies, development programs, regulations and urban plans are evaluated in three main periods of the contemporary history of Iran. The result of this part is identifying currents claiming identity in the urban renovation of Iran comparing the change of their tendencies towards its universal evolution. In the fourth part, renovation approaches in Tehran and the change of their tendencies towards urban identity are evaluated by focusing on three case studies of the main renovation projects in Tehran. Finally, the conclusion was drawn that urban identity has been suggested as one of the main challenges of urban renovation in Iran and Tehran and has had a determining rote in changing renovation approaches. Various approaches are examined to achieve the desirable urban identity in Tehran that their evolution is started from frame-oriented modernistic methods and is ended in landscape approach based on place making
41
Soltani, Seyed Nasser. "La notion de constitution dans l'oeuvre de l'assemblée constituante iranienne de 1906." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32010/document.
Full textAbstract:
En 1906 le royaume de Perse connut une révolution constitutionnelle qui lui a donné la première constitution écrite du pays. Durant les années où la révolution se prépare, la société civile ouvre un grand champ d’émergence des concepts modernes du droit public. L’œuvre de l’assemblée constituante de 1906, qui a donné naissance à la constitution et à son complément, en est un exemple par excellence. Dans cette thèse nous allons procéder à l’exploitation de l’œuvre de l’assemblée constituante pour y suivre la genèse et l’évolution des concepts de droit public. Nous allons chercher à travers les concepts principaux du droit public - représentation, égalité civique et égalité devant la loi - la conception qu'avaient les constituants de la Constitution. Nous allons aussi observer la notion de constitution à certains moments décisifs de la révolution, où par exemple les révolutionnaires appelleront le roi au serment pour protéger la constitution. Dans cette thèse nous assisterons aussi à un processus qui par le biais de la redéfinition des anciens concepts de droit public, fait naître les concepts modernes du droit public. Cette thèse en se référant à l’histoire constitutionnelle du pays vise à relever un défi du droit constitutionnel d’aujourd’hui en Iran. Un droit constitutionnel qui, dès sa naissance, ne prend pas au sérieux l’histoire de la discipline. Par cette thèse nous voulons mettre en valeur l’importance et la nécessité des études historiques dans l’enseignement ainsi que dans l’étude du droit constitutionnel<br>In 1906 the Persian Kingdom witnessed a constitutional revolution which gave it its first written constitution. In the early years of the revolution, civil society opened a great field for the emergence of modern concepts of public law. The work of the Constituent Assembly of 1906, which gave birth to the Constitution and its Supplement, is a unique illustration of this. The present thesis proceeds to explain the work of the Constituent Assembly in order to follow the genesis and evolution of the principles of public law in Iran. Referring to the principal concepts of public law - representation, civic equality and equality before the law - we will attempt to find the particular conception that the constituents of the Constitution had of these concepts. We also explore the notion of constitution at certain key moments of the revolution, where, for example, the revolutionaries called the King to give oath for the safeguard of the Constitution. Further, the thesis explains the process by which modern concepts of public law were given birth through a redefinition of ancient concepts. By referring to constitutional history, the present study aims to expose the challenges to constitutional law in Iran today, a constitutional law which has failed to seriously account for the history of the discipline. The present study therefore aims to show the importance of, and need for, historical studies in the teaching and study of constitutional law in Iran
42
Mepas, Christian. "L'inscription de la modernité dans le roman gabonais : approche stylistique et sociolinguistique de trois romans gabonais : "Elonga" (A. Rawiri), "Au bout du silence" (L. Owondo) et "Parole de vivant" (A. Moussirou-Mouyama)." Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990003939100204611&vid=upec.
Full textAbstract:
La question de la langue est cruciale pour les écrivains francophones. Elle se pose nécessairement à l'homme de lettres, plus encore à l'écrivain francophone de plusieurs langues. Ainsi que l'affirme à juste titre R. BARTHES est " écrivain celui pour qui le langage fait problème, qui en éprouve la profondeur, non l'instrumentalité ou la beauté ". Certes, écrire en français condamnait, à l'origine, les écrivains francophones à être lus surtout par les Français de France. Le dilemme était donc celui-ci : être entendu ou ne pas l'être. Les romanciers gabonais tels L. OWONDO et A. MOUSSIROU-MOUYAMA se sont approprié la langue française ; la langue de l'Autre ( l'ancien colonisateur ). Dans une certaine mesure ils sont parvenus selon l'ambition de L. T. SONY à "tropicaliser", mieux à "gaboniser" la langue française, à l'utiliser comme matière première pour écrire la parole traditionnelle et dire les réalités locales. Enfin la littérature gabonaise souvent survolée, voire absente des anthologies de littérature africaine est désormais pleine de promesse. C'est cet optimisme qui transparaît dans ces propos de A. MOUSSIROU-MOUYAMA : " La vitalité de la littérature gabonaise, observable avec les dernières publications et l'engouement récent pour le théâtre ( en français également ) viennent — à titre d'hypothèse — d'une certaine appropriation de la langue française qui dit la différence d'écrire et la nécessité de dire sans trahir ". Cette vitalité de la littérature gabonaise s'explique en grande partie par une nouvelle conception ou pratique du langage qu'ont les romanciers, L. OWONDO et A. MOUSSIROU-MOUYAMA contrairement aux précédents romanciers. En effet, avant eux les romanciers tels A. RAWIRI et R. ZOTOUMBAT concevaient le langage comme uniquement un moyen de communication qui ne sert qu'à nommer les objets du réel et non à symboliser. Du coup la dimension poétique, symbolique et esthétique du langage est mise en veilleuse. Or une oeuvre littéraire s'évaluant par sa littérarité ne saurait se borner à la représentation du réel cru. L'écrivain gabonais doit par conséquent ruser avec le réel<br>The problem of language is crucial for francophon writers, above all, when they speak many languages. As says R. BARTHES : " The real writer is the one for who the language is problematic, one who experiences is depth, and who does not treat it as a simple instrument ". Few years ago, writing in french forced the francophon writers to be ridden only by french people. The dilemma was that : to be or not to be understood. The gabonese writers, like L. OWONDO and A. MOUSSIROU-MOUYAMA, appropriate themselves french language, the language of the old colonizer. We can say that they succeeded, as said LABOU TANSI SONY, to " tropicalize " it, more, to " gabonize " the french language to use it as a raw material to write the traditionnal speaking and exprimate the local realities. Today, the gabonese literature that was absent in african literary anthologies, is now full of promises. It is this optimism that appear through these words of A. MOUSSIROU-MOUYAMA : " The vitality of gabonese literature, visible through the last publications and the recent infatuation for the theatre (also in french), come from a form of appropriation of the french language ". That says the difference of writing and the necessity to say without betraying. That vitality of the gabonese literature, explains oneself by a new kind in the practise of language, in opposition with the first writers. Quite so, before the modern writers, the others like A. RAWIRI, R. ZOTOUMBA, took the language only as a simple mean of communication, used to name things of the reality and not to symbolize those. In consequence, the poetic, symbolis and aesthetics dimension of the language was absolutly disqualified. So the modern gabonese writers must craft with the reality
43
Mbambi, Julien. "Dynamique de la fécondité et la diffusion de la contraception moderne en Afrique subsaharienne : communication, changement et résistance, entre tradition et modernité. Recherche en milieu urbain à Brazzaville (Congo) : approche anthropologique et clinique." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE2006.
Full textAbstract:
La fécondité est le principal élément de la dynamique démographique en Afrique au sud du sahara. La contraception moderne a contribué à la baisse de la fécondité en Occident. Sa diffusion dans des sociétés culturellement différentes pose des problèmes liés à l'interculturel et à l'altérité. Cette étude montre que cette diffusion s'inscrit dans une logique de rupture avec un ordre symbolique où la fécondité tient une place essentielle. La contraception met en question des représentations culturelles associées à la famille et des référents identitaires. L'analyse des données qualitatives issues des entretiens avec un échantillon de femmes à Brazzaville montre que la subjectivité et le culturel entre en jeu pour défendre des valeurs essentielles qui fondent des identités<br>Fertility is the principal element in demographic dynamics in Africa south of the Sahara. Modern contraception has contributed to the decrease in fertility in the western countries. Its diffusion in culturally different societies poses intercultural and difference bound problems. This study illustrates the fact that this diffusion is in line with the logic of breaking down the symbolical order in which fertility has a special place. Contraception reappraises cultural representations associated with the family and identity reference points. The analysis of qualitative information resulting from interviewing a selection of women in Brazzaville highlights the fact that subjectivity and culture come into picture in defending essential values that establish identities
44
Lima, Rosangela Nunes de. "A utilização de uma abordagem comunicativa no ensino de inglês em turmas de adolescentes do ensino médio." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2007. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/436.
Full textAbstract:
English is used by enormous number of people in the world, and most learners
of English can be found in monolingual classes in Brazil, where all the students share
a common language Portuguese. It has been a practical concern throughout history
the reflection on finding more efficient and more effective ways of teaching
languages. Many theoreticians in the field of Applied Linguistics have worked on
research to provide a background for discussion of new ideas which are based on
different theories of how people learn a foreign language. The objective of this work
is to look for answers and instruments, in the specific field of English language
teaching, in a classroom of adolescents, through the introduction of teaching
materials used with a communicative approach, which will emphasize the processes
of communication in a way that will help the students realize that the learning of a
foreign language can be used as a real means of communication. The data were
collected by recording in audio, as well as by taking field notes. This study suggests
that there was a natural interest by the students in trying to communicate in English,
without fear of corrections, and sometimes in starting conversations in this foreign
language. Finally, the aim of this study is to offer teachers of English suggestions, as
well as provide directions for further research in classrooms, to what concerns the
process of teaching and learning a foreign language, in a way that we, English
teachers, can teach our students, not to speak about the English language, but
speak the English language.<br>O inglês é usado por um grande número de pessoas no mundo e muitos
aprendizes de inglês são encontrados em turmas monolíngües no Brasil, onde todos
falam português. Os métodos e abordagens de ensino de línguas têm mudado e
aumentado, refletindo a preocupação de se encontrar formas mais eficazes para o
ensino de línguas. Muitos teóricos da área de Lingüística Aplicada têm trabalhado
com o intuito de implementar pesquisas no campo de ensino e aprendizagem de
línguas, a fim de levantar discussões de novas idéias, as quais são baseadas em
teorias sobre como as pessoas aprendem uma língua estrangeira. Este trabalho tem
como objetivo procurar respostas e instrumentos, no campo específico de ensino de
língua inglesa, em uma sala de aula de adolescentes, do Ensino Médio, através da
introdução de materiais de ensino usados com uma abordagem comunicativa, os
quais enfatizarão o processo de comunicação de forma a ajudar os alunos a
perceber que a aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira pode ser usada como um
meio real de comunicação. O corpus para tal investigação foi estabelecido por meio
de gravações em áudio com suas respectivas transcrições, bem como com
anotações de campo. O estudo nos mostra que houve um interesse natural dos
aprendizes em tentar se comunicar na língua inglesa, sem receios de correções
gramaticais e, algumas vezes, com iniciativas próprias de diálogo nessa língua
estrangeira. Finalmente, este estudo pretende oferecer sugestões para professores
de línguas, e indicações para futuras pesquisas em sala de aula, no que concerne
ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira, de forma que
possamos ensinar nossos alunos, não a falar sobre a língua inglesa estudada, mas,
a falar essa língua.
45
Entezareghaem, Seyed Shahab Al Din. "Ideology, Power and Dissidence in The 'Revenger's Tragedy' (1607) and Cyril Tourneur's 'The Atheist's Tragedy' (1611) : a cultural materialist approach." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAC031.
Full textAbstract:
The Revenger's Tragedy et The Atheist's Tragedy entretiennent avec l’idéologie dominante qui les a produites. Le soubassement théorique sur lequel est fondée mon analyse des textes est le Matérialisme Culturel. Une lecture matérialiste culturelle s’intéresse à la manière dont l'idéologie, et donc l'ordre socio-économique et religieux existant, tout en étant fortement mise en question, tente de se maintenir ou de s'adapter aux circonstances. En utilisant les concepts de dissidence, ‘self-fashioning’ et de subversion, j'étudie les dissidences politiques, morales, philosophiques et génériques qui sous-tendent The Revenger's Tragedy et The Atheist's Tragedy. Ces deux tragédies pourraient être envisagées, avec d’autres pièces élisabéthaines et jacobéennes, comme des critiques radicales de la structure sociopolitique dominante dans l’Angleterre de la première modernité<br>This thesis aims to explore the contentious relationship of The Revenger's Tragedy and The Atheist's Tragedy with the dominant ideology which informed them. The theoretical positioning to which I adhere for my analysis of the tragedies is Cultural Materialism. A Cultural Materialist analysis endeavors to show how ideology and thus the existing socio-economic and religious order attempt to maintain their predominance despite being seriously called into question. Adhering to the concepts of dissidence, ‘self-fashioning’ and subversion, I explore the political, moral, philosophical, and generic dissidence underlying The Revenger's Tragedy and The Atheist's Tragedy. These two tragedies could be considered, along with other Elizabethan and Jacobean plays, as the most radical critiques of the dominant socio-political structure of England in the early modern era
46
Ribal-Rilos, Myrtô. "De la campagne à la ville, de la ville à la campagne, les lakou marine et fruit à pain, étapes foyalaises d'un itinéraire social : approche anthropo-historique du rapport au végétal dans une société créole." Antilles-Guyane, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AGUY0195.
Full textAbstract:
L'exploration des représentations suscitées par les plantes magiques en Guadeloupe a constitué un premier champ d'observation. En Guyane, dans le cadre d'un DEA, ces mêmes représentations ont été étudiées dans trois communautés, à propos du « Fromager ». En Martinique, un nouvel objet d'étude a été retenu: le rapport au végétal, en tant qu'approche Anthropo-historique d'une société créole. Une telle étude vise à suivre les changemen sociaux progressifs de 1900 à nos jours, grâce à r observation du rapport aux plantes au cours des itinéraires des acteurs sociaux, de la campagne à la ville et de la ville à la campagne, en privilégiant rétape Foyalaise des lakou Marine et Fruit a Pain. La mobilité, est un élément marquant du début du siècle, il est en relation également avec révolution du rapport aux plantes et le changement social. Ce fait a conduit rétude sur des sites différents de la Martinique. D'abord à la campagne, ensuite en marge de la ville (dans les lakou) lieux particulièrement important dans le cadre des apprentissages des savoir-être urbains, ensuite, en ville, dans les couronnes et enfin de nouveau en espace rural à la suite du "retour à la campagne", phénomène connu des géographes, (Donadieu 1998). Pour mener à bien cette étude, les champs disciplinaires: Histoire, Géographie, Sociologie, Anthropologie et Botanique servent à éclairer la problématique, ainsi que les ouvrages de BURAC (1989 et 2000) et de BERNABE 2000 et 2002<br>Mobility is particular in the beginning of XX century in Martinique. This mobility is in relation with the social's représentations. The research is an observation of the relationship with people and plants when they lives first in the countryside, next in Lakou which is a place around the city, after they lives in the city , in the suburbs,and in the countryside
47
Vieira, Dark dos Santos. "Ensino de espanhol para brasileiros : das crenças à prática docente." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2012. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7225.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Daniele Amaral (daniee_ni@hotmail.com) on 2016-09-14T17:46:25Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
DissDSV.pdf: 1429158 bytes, checksum: 4ab21e7aca8a24fdf074af3f6b361d60 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-16T19:47:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1
DissDSV.pdf: 1429158 bytes, checksum: 4ab21e7aca8a24fdf074af3f6b361d60 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-16T19:47:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1
DissDSV.pdf: 1429158 bytes, checksum: 4ab21e7aca8a24fdf074af3f6b361d60 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-16T19:47:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
DissDSV.pdf: 1429158 bytes, checksum: 4ab21e7aca8a24fdf074af3f6b361d60 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2012-03-28<br>Não recebi financiamento<br>In recent years, we have observed that the presence of the Spanish language teaching in regular schools has been expanded gradually. However, even in the context of teaching-learning favoring of the Spanish language, it is quite frequently to hear from professionals in other fields and language learners that the broad similarity between Portuguese and Spanish facilitates communication among speakers of the two languages, and for that reason, Portuguese speakers would not need to devote themselves so deeply and systematically to the study of Spanish (or vice versa). In the field of Applied Linguistics around the same period, the number of researches focusing on beliefs related to the teaching-learning language process have increased and the results indicate the need for knowledge of teacher beliefs (trainers and training) so that one could achieve critical-reflexive education. From these findings, this ethnographic-based research developed under an interpretative perspective aims to investigate the perceptions and beliefs of Spanish teachers on the teaching of this language for Brazilians, and see how the relationship of the beliefs of these teachers with their context and their practice in the classroom is characterized. The participants of this survey were teachers of Spanish for Brazilians students in the metropolitan region of Campinas, São Paulo, and as instruments for data collection, we used a mixed questionnaire (with open questions and items in scale), interviews with teachers, field notes and recordings lessons in audio and video. This study took place on the basis of discussions on approaches to Teaching, teaching-learning language and beliefs. The data show us that, in general, the practice of teachers is guided by a system of beliefs and assumptions that underlie their approach to teaching. In addition, we also note that both beliefs about the approach of teaching have a strong relationship with the teaching context.<br>En los últimos años, se observó que la presencia de la enseñanza de la Lengua Española en las escuelas regulares se ha ampliado gradualmente en Brasil. Sin embargo, incluso en este contexto de favorecimiento de aprendizaje de ese idioma extranjero, es bastante frecuente oír de profesionales de otros campos y estudiantes de idiomas, que la gran similitud entre el portugués y el español facilita la comunicación entre los hablantes de las dos lenguas y que por lo tanto no sería necesario un hablante de portugués dedicarse a estudiar con ahínco y sistemática el español (o viceversa). En el campo de la Lingüística Aplicada en el mismo período, se ha incrementado el número de investigaciones que se centran en las creencias relacionadas con el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de idiomas, los resultados indican la necesidad de que el conocimiento de las creencias de profesores (formadores y en formación) es necesario para que se pueda lograr una educación crítico-reflexiva. A partir de estos hallazgos, esta investigación de base etnográfica, desarrollado bajo una perspectiva interpretativa, tiene el objetivo de investigar las percepciones y creencias de los profesores de español en la enseñanza de este idioma en Brasil y verificar cómo se caracteriza la relación de las creencias de estos maestros con su contexto y su práctica en el aula. Los participantes de la investigación fueron profesores de español para brasileños en la región metropolitana de Campinas, São Paulo y como instrumentos para la recolección de datos se utilizaron un cuestionario mixto (con preguntas abiertas y respuestas en escala), entrevistas con profesores, notas de campo y grabaciones de lecciones en audio y video. Este estudio se llevó a cabo sobre la base de los debates sobre los enfoques para la enseñanza, la enseñanza-aprendizaje de lenguas y creencias. Los datos nos muestran que, en general, la práctica de los profesores es guiado por un sistema de creencias y supuestos que subyacen su enfoque de enseñanza. Además, se verificó también, que ambas, creencias y enfoque de enseñanza, tienen una fuerte relación con el contexto de enseñanza.<br>Nos últimos anos, observamos que a presença do ensino da língua espanhola nas escolas regulares tem sido ampliada gradualmente. No entanto, mesmo nesse contexto de favorecimento do ensino-aprendizagem do idioma, continua bastante frequente ouvir de profissionais de outras áreas e de aprendentes de línguas, que a grande semelhança entre o português e o espanhol facilita a comunicação entre os falantes dessas duas línguas e que, portanto, não seria necessário a um falante de português dedicar-se com afinco e sistematicidade ao estudo do espanhol (ou vice-versa). No campo da Linguística Aplicada, nesse mesmo período, vem aumentando o número de pesquisas com foco nas crenças relacionadas ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem de línguas, cujos resultados indicam a necessidade de conhecimento das crenças de professores (formadores e em formação) para que se possa alcançar uma formação crítico-reflexiva. A partir dessas constatações, esta investigação de base etnográfica, desenvolvida sob uma perspectiva interpretativista, teve como objetivo investigar as percepções e crenças de professores de espanhol sobre o ensino desse idioma para brasileiros e verificar como se caracteriza a relação das crenças desses professores com o seu contexto e a sua prática em sala de aula. Os participantes da pesquisa foram professores de espanhol para brasileiros da Região Metropolitana de Campinas, São Paulo e como instrumentos para coleta de dados foram utilizados um questionário misto (com perguntas abertas e itens em escala), entrevistas com professores, notas de campo e gravações de aulas em áudio e vídeo. A realização deste estudo deu-se com base nas discussões sobre Abordagens de Ensinar, ensino-aprendizagem de língua e crenças. Os dados nos mostram que, no geral, a prática das professoras é guiada por um sistema de crenças e por pressupostos que subjazem a sua abordagem de ensinar. Além disso, verificamos, também, que tanto as crenças quanto a abordagem de ensinar têm forte relação com o contexto de ensino.
48
Renjan, John. "A narrative journey with the homeless youth discovering the impact of economic factors in their discourses of homelessness." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09282007-130211.
Full text
49
Nóbrega, Saulo de Tarso Gambarra da. "Capoeira e direitos humanos: Olhares, Vozes, Diálogos." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2010. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4436.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T14:27:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
arquivototal.pdf: 1497920 bytes, checksum: 44cb64c133634fef666e7938eb1502be (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010-08-03<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>This study proposes to hold an approach reading between education in/on human rights and capoeira from the social and educational campaigns that integrate the programming of the Festivais Interncionais da Arte Capoeira (FIAC) promoted by the Associação Brasileira de Apoio e Desenvolvimento da Art Capoeira (ABADÁ-Capoeira). To achieve this aim we divide the work into two phases: the first unfolds in question, historicism and universalism of the sociocultural project of modernity and therefore human rights conceived within the tradition of Western hegemony. Then we tried to understand the complexities of human rights when conceived and practiced in different phenomena of globalization, which may take according to Santos (2008), two production modes: one characterized by hegemonic forms of localism globalized and globalism located, and a counter- hegemonic forms that also includes two insurgents subaltern cosmopolitanism and the common heritage of humanity. Finally, we focus on presenting a new transnational political culture (Nuestra America) entered into new forms of subjectivity and sociability and a new epistemology: the Baroque ethos and the Cosmopolitan Reason (sociology of absences and emergencies and translation work), respectively. In the second, we present the capoeira as an expression which holds a very rich historical and cultural survived persecution and repression of modernity, and today's lesson gives citizenship to society with diverse social-inclusive of children, youth, women, disabled physical etc, besides promoting educational practices of socialization in/on construction everyday culture of human rights through these activities in Brazil and abroad. It is the story told and sung, here represented by the master narratives (ASSUNÇÃO, 2005) (axes of identity construction of capoeira and capoeira´s players), which reworks the capoeira itself, reconverts itself, takes on new meanings in dialogues with hegemonic and counter-hegemonic within the processes of hybridization in the globalized world. These processes lead us in the construction of what Falcão (2004) defines as contemporary capoeira, a multiple capoeira in transit to volta-ao-mundo socialize with other individuals and social groups that can not survive, as an identity essentialized and ahistorical, images constructed at the origin and stabilized by a teacher or a group. Our study aims through ways of approach between the rights and capoeira to the achievement of universal respect for human dignity and cultural construction of the conception of the emancipatory politics of human rights.
Keywords: Human Rights; Capoeira; Education; Approach; Modernity; Hegemonic and Counter-Hegemonic Globalization; Contemporary Capoeira; Volta-ao-Mundo.<br>O presente estudo propõe-se a realizar uma leitura aproximativa entre educação em/para os direitos humanos e a capoeira a partir das campanhas sócio-educativas que integram a programação dos Festivais Internacionais da Arte Capoeira (FIAC) promovidos pela Associação Brasileira de Apoio e Desenvolvimento da Arte Capoeira (ABADÁ-Capoeira). Para alcançarmos tal desiderato, nós dividimos o trabalho em dois momentos: o primeiro desdobra-se em questionar a historicidade e o universalismo do projeto sociocultural da modernidade e, por conseguinte, dos direitos humanos concebidos dentro da tradição hegemônica ocidental. Em seguida, procuramos compreender as complexidades dos direitos humanos quando concebidos e praticados nos diferentes fenômenos da globalização que podem assumir, conforme Santos (2008), dois modos de produção: um hegemônico, caracterizado pelas formas de localismo globalizado e globalismo localizado; e um contra-hegemônico que também comporta duas formas o cosmopolitismo subalterno insurgente e o patrimônio comum da humanidade. Por fim, nos debruçamos sobre uma nova cultura política transnacional (Nuestra América) inscrita em novas formas de subjetividade e sociabilidade e uma nova epistemologia: o ethos barroco e a Razão Cosmopolita (sociologia das ausências e das emergências e o trabalho de tradução), respectivamente. Já no segundo, apresentamos a capoeira como uma expressão detentora de um riquíssimo acervo histórico-cultural que sobreviveu às perseguições e às repressões da modernidade e, hoje, dá lição de cidadania à sociedade com diversas ações sócio-inclusivas de crianças, jovens, mulheres, deficientes físicos etc, além de promover práticas educativas de socialização em/para construção cultural e cotidiana dos direitos humanos através destas atividades no Brasil e no exterior. É na história contada e cantada, aqui representadas pelas master narratives (eixos de construção da identidade da capoeira e dos capoeiras), que a capoeira se reelabora, se reconverte, assume novos significados nos diálogos com as culturas hegemônicas e as contra-hegemônicas dentro dos processos de hibridização no mundo globalizado. Estes processos nos conduzem na construção daquilo que Falcão (2004) define como capoeira contemporânea, uma capoeira múltipla, em movimento, que, através da volta-ao-mundo socializa e sociabiliza com outros sujeitos e grupos sociais e que não sobrevive, enquanto identidade essencializada e aistórica, às imagens construídas sobre a origem e estabilizadas por um mestre ou um grupo. O nosso estudo busca caminhos através da aproximação entre os direitos e a capoeira para a concretização do respeito universal pela dignidade humana e a construção da concepção intercultural das políticas emancipatórias dos direitos humanos.
50
Mailula, Gaefele Simon. "Listening to the unheard stories of children affected by HIV and AIDS in a bereavement process in the Mamelodi Township of Tshwane a narrative research study /." Thesis, Pretoria [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/avaialble/etd-09252009-011209/.
Full text