Academic literature on the topic 'Modernization and modernism'
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Journal articles on the topic "Modernization and modernism"
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Love, Heather. "Introduction: Modernism at Night." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 124, no. 3 (May 2009): 744–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2009.124.3.744.
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Is Queer modernism simply another name for modernism?As Douglas Mao and Rebecca L. Walkowitz note in their introduction to the 2006 collection Bad Modernisms, “[T]here were numerous ways of being outside in the early twentieth century” (7). Efforts over the past several decades to imagine modernism as an expanded field have been remarkably successful. Female modernism, African American modernism, queer modernism, sentimental modernism, low- and middlebrow modernism, and colonial, postcolonial, and anticolonial modernism have all been integrated into a renewed understanding of modernism (or modernisms, as it is often written). In addition, the rethinking of modernism as a set of aesthetic movements in relation to a larger context of global modernity and modernization has turned the inside out. Since few modernists, on closer inspection, appear to have stayed high or dry, bad modernism, outsider modernism, and marginal modernism begin to look more and more like modernism itself.
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Kalaidjian, Andrew. "Synge and Synge: Science and Irish Modernism." Modernist Cultures 10, no. 2 (July 2015): 178–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/mod.2015.0108.
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Irish modernism from the Celtic Revival to the Republic of Ireland mobilized cultures of science and literature towards the larger goal of national independence. Focusing on the literary work of J. M. Synge and the popular science of his nephew J. L. Synge, I argue that a defining characteristic of the Irish modernist is the ability to mediate between literary and scientific discourses. Such a combined fluency serves to temper the Utopian impulses of Irish nationalism as well as the increasing rationalization of life that occurs during modernization. This modernist sensibility promotes cosmopolitan cultural understanding to validate a resilient national Irish identity upon an international stage.
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THISTLEWOOD, DAVID. "Editorial: Modernism and Modernization of the Curriculum." Journal of Art & Design Education 10, no. 2 (June 1991): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-8070.1991.tb00279.x.
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DAVIS, DAVID A. "The Irony of Southern Modernism." Journal of American Studies 49, no. 3 (February 27, 2015): 457–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875814002448.
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In the first half of the 20th century, the US South lagged behind the Northeast in social and economic development, but in the 1920s and 1930s writers from the US South produced texts that used modernist aesthetic forms to depict poor, rural living conditions. This essay argues that ruralism in the South was a product of modernization, and that cultural development in southern literature preceded modernization, yielding texts that employ a discontinuous narrative technique to depict the rural regions, such as William Faulkner's As I Lay Dying and James Agee's and Walker Evans Let Us Now Praise Famous Men.
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Aydınlık, Sevil, and Hıfsiye Pulhan. "Education in Conflict: Postwar School Buildings of Cyprus." Open House International 44, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2019-b0009.
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The terms cyprus, conflict, crisis and war have been almost inextricably intertwined throughout the history of this Mediterranean island. The education system played an important role socially and school buildings played an important role visually first in the dissemination of nationalism when the ethno-nationalist movements within the turkish and greek-cypriot communities increased dramatically under British colonial rule (1878-1960), and later in the dissemination of internationalism in the mid-twentieth century. Despite the increased conflict and nationalism, which was reflected by neo-greek architectural elements, the striking impact of the international style turned school buildings into representations of the communities' attitudes towards modernism. By the mid-1940s these attitudes towards modernism also served as a latent way for communities' identity struggles and for the sovereignty of each community to exist. After world war ii the style embodied by many school buildings conveyed science-based modern thought; modernization attempts for political, economic and social reforms; and the strong commitment of the first modernist cypriot architects to the spirit of the time and the philosophy of the modern. Under this scope, postwar school buildings in cyprus are identified as unique artifacts transformed from an ‘ethnicity-based' image into an ‘environment-based' form that is more associated with the modernization, decolonization and nation-building processes from which local nuances of mainstream modernism emerged. At this point the modernization process of the state, identity struggles of the communities and architects' modernist attempts could be interpreted as providing a fertile ground for new social and architectural experiments, and could answer questions about how postwar school architecture managed to avoid reference to historical, ethnic and religious identities when there was an intentional exacerbation of hostility between the two ethnic communities and about school buildings predominantly followed principles of the international style even though both the greek and turkish-cypriot education systems were instrumental in strengthening local nationalisms and even ethnic tensions.
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BANO, MASOODA. "Madrasa Reforms and Islamic Modernism in Bangladesh." Modern Asian Studies 48, no. 4 (October 7, 2013): 911–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x12000790.
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AbstractThe old project of modernizing madrasas has acquired a new zeal in South Asia after September 2011, whereby madrasa reform programmes became an acknowledged soft tactic of the war on terror. With 9000 Aliya (reformed) madrasas, the Bangladesh madrasa modernization programme has been identified as a potentially useful model for the neighbouring states of Pakistan and India who have made slower progress in implementing similar programmes. In this paper I argue that, although the Aliya madrasa system in Bangladesh has succeeded in integrating secular subjects in the madrasa curriculum, in reality this modernization project has failed in its underlying ambition to generate a ‘modern discourse’ on Islam—a discourse that is compatible with the demands of western modernity. The right to speak for Islam is still primarily exercised by the ‘ulama and graduates of the Qoumi (unreformed) madrasas. Aliya madrasas today compete with the secular schools not with Qoumi madrasas. The growth of the Aliya madrasa system in Bangladesh, instead of bearing testimony to the popular appeal of the modernization agenda, demonstrates the preference of Muslim parents for increased Islamic content in the school curriculum
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Firdaus, Mohamad. "TURKEY AND JAPAN: THE QUEST OF MODERNISM IN THE 19TH CENTURY." International Journal of Modern Trends in Social Sciences 3, no. 13 (September 10, 2020): 09–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijmtss.313002.
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This paper will deal with the process of modernization of two emerging Asian powers, namely Japan and Turkey, with particular reference to important elements of Japanese and Turkish pursuits of modernization at the expense of growing Western penetration into their countries. This will specifically deal with the Meiji Restoration and Tanzimat Reforms where the process of modernization has taken place. Furthermore, there will be a discussion on the efforts of Turkish statesmen and Japanese statesmen in their attempts to modernize several aspects of vital institutions in Turkey and Japan as well as issues concerning the modernization encountered by the Japanese statesmen and Turkish counterparts in their countries. Sources for this analysis will be taken from studies of both Western writers and inside writers on modernization in Japan and Turkey. The ability of Japanese and Turkish statesmen to adopt and adapt foreign practices which infused with local circumstances suggests that they are capable of modernizing their respective countries by their own rights.
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Valencia-Mosquera, Carolina. "Los embates de la modernización asumidos desde el modernismo pugilista." Jurídicas 16, no. 2 (July 1, 2019): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17151/jurid.2019.16.2.5.
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Díaz Freire, José Javier. "Los tiempos de la modernidad. A propósito de Marshall Berman / Times of Modernity. Regarding Marshall Berman." Historiografías, no. 11 (December 27, 2017): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_historiografias/hrht.2016112375.
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Modernity, modernization and modernism have being scrutinized thoroughly in humanities since the 1990s. They bear the accusation of harbouring a normative content, which would render it not useful for social analysis. This essay states that in order to make those terms adequate for historiography, the concept of time that is at its core has to be openly discussed and even modified. To this purpose, the article regains the debates that followed the publication of All that is Solid Melts into the Air (1983) by Marshall Berman, and concludes that to free the concept of modernity from its constraints, a heterogeneous concept of time is needed, instead of the homogeneous one which has traditionally prevailed.Key WordsModernity, modernism, modernization, homogeneous time, hetero-temporality.ResumenLa modernidad y también la modernización y el modernismo han sido sometidos a un intenso escrutinio por parte de las humanidades desde los años noventa. Se les acusa de alojar un contenido normativo, lo que ha puesto en cuestión su utilidad para el análisis social. Este artículo sostiene que, para hacer de ellos términos adecuados para el análisis histórico, se debe discutir abiertamente e incluso modificar el concepto de tiempo que se contiene en dichas categorías. Para ello este artículo recupera el debate que suscitó la publicación del libro de Marshall Berman Todo lo sólido se desvanece en el aire (1982), y concluye que para liberar el concepto de modernidad de sus restricciones, la historiografía necesita de una idea de tiempo heterogéneo que sustituya al homogéneo que la ha caracterizado tradicionalmente.Palabras claveModernidad, modernismo, modernización, tiempo homogéneo, tiempo heterogéneo.
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Kalia, Ravi. "Modernism, modernization and post‐colonial India: a reflective essay." Planning Perspectives 21, no. 2 (April 2006): 133–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02665430600555289.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Modernization and modernism"
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Carrasco, André de Oliveira Torres. "Os limites da arquitetura, do urbanismo e do planejamento urbano em um contexto de modernização retardatária: as particularidades desse impasse no caso brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16136/tde-02022012-101349/.
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Esta tese de doutorado tem como objeto de pesquisa o cenário de crise que envolve o desenvolvimento da arquitetura, do urbanismo e do planejamento urbano no Brasil no período compreendido entre a segunda metade do século XX e os primeiros anos do século XXI. Essa constatação se originou na análise das contradições entre os objetivos vislumbrados pela Arquitetura Moderna Brasileira, escola que definiria os rumos dessa produção e seus resultados. Um dos principais pontos de seu programa central foi a defesa da emancipação do homem, através da transformação de seu espaço. No entanto, sua produção passaria a expressar limites críticos a partir do momento em que as características assumidas pelo processo de modernização brasileiro, resultantes de sua forma de desenvolvimento no atual estágio do capitalismo, inviabilizaria a emancipação desejada e produziria cidades marcadas pela precariedade material e social. A hipótese central desenvolvida nesta tese trata das relações entre o caráter crítico - no sentido de se manifestar como uma situação perene de crise - da produção de arquitetura, urbanismo e planejamento urbano no Brasil e a formas particulares de desenvolvimento da crise do processo de modernização no país.The research subject of this doctoral thesis was the crisis scenario that involves the development of architecture, urbanism and urban planning in Brazil in the period between the second half of the twentieth century and the early years of Century XXI. This finding originated in the analysis of the contradictions between the goals envisioned by the Brazilian Modern Architecture, a school that would define the course of this production, and its results. One of the main points of its central program was the defense of human emancipation through the transformation of its space. However, its production would express critical limits from the time when the characteristics assumed by the modernization of Brazil, resulting from its way of development at the present stage of capitalism, would make the desired emancipation and would have cities marked by material and social precariousness. The central hypothesis developed in this thesis deals with the relations between the critical nature - to manifest itself as a perennial state of crisis - of the architecture, urbanism and urban planning production in Brazil and the particular forms of the modernization crisis development in the country.
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Pacano, Fábio Augusto. "O forjar da modernidade: Piracicaba e a Belle Époque caipira (1889-1930)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/154554.
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Este é um estudo sobre Piracicaba/SP, entre os anos de 1889 e 1930, período em que a cidade experimentou um processo de mudanças físicas e sociais conhecidas como “Belle Époque Caipira”. Tais mudanças decorreram do desenvolvimento da economia cafeeira e das características econômicas e sociais específicas do município, que em conjunto conferiram certas particularidades ao desenvolvimento urbano local. Sob estas circunstâncias, o texto parte das definições de modernização, modernidade e modernismo, buscando relacionar tais conceitos ao processo histórico de organização do espaço urbano, com destaque para a constituição da rede de abastecimento de água e escoamento de esgoto, para o sistema elétrico e o funcionamento das linhas do sistema de bondes, demonstrando seus efeitos no processo de valorização e apropriação do espaço a partir da densidade técnica instalada, revelando seu processo de modernização conservadora. Analisa também como os monumentos modernos (igrejas, escolas e fábricas) emanavam monumentalidades a partir das quais o espaço se transmutou em lugares que passaram a ser ocupados e frequentados por parcelas da população, ao mesmo tempo em que outras parcelas eram deles excluídas. Por fim, o texto trata do processo civilizatório que se operou no sentido de estabelecer uma convivência citadina pautada na polidez e na urbanidade, típicas da modernidade, quer isso se tenha dado pela violência ou pela educação.
This researchis a study about the city of Piracicaba, from 1889 to 1930, a period in which this city experienced a process of physical and social changes known as “Belle Époque Caipira”. These shifts derived from the coffee economy development and from some specific economic and social characteristics present in this municipal, and how those characteristics together added certain particularities to the local urban development. Under these circumstances, this study starts with definitions of modernization, modernity and modernism, in order to relate such concepts to the historical process of organization in urban space, highlighting the constitution of water supply system, sewage drainage, electrical system as well as the functioning of tramway line, showing their effects in the process of valorization and appropriation of areas fromthe technical density installed, revealinga process of prudential modernization. There is also analysis of how modern monuments (such as churches, schools and factories) emerged monumentalities and how these places transmuted themselves in places that became to be occupied and frequented by part of the population, on the other hand,another part of the population was excluded from these places. To conclude, the text deals with the civil process which was applied in the sense of stablish a civilized interaction based on politeness and urbanity, which are typical in modernity, has it be derived from violence or from education.
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Turker, Ahmet Tolga. "Nationalism and Modernization: A Comparative Case Study of Scots and Kurds." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1211650379.
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Coelho, Marcia Azevedo. "Entre a pedra e o vento: uma análise dos contos de Aníbal Machado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8149/tde-30042010-111317/.
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A pesquisa que aqui se apresenta tem como objetivo a análise dos contos mais representativos da obra A Morte da Porta Estandarte, Tati, a Garota e Outras Histórias de Aníbal Monteiro Machado, escritor mineiro, natural de Sabará, e figura singular na literatura brasileira. Embora tenha publicado pouco, Aníbal Machado fora um agitador cultural relevante nas décadas de 20 a 50. Talvez por isso, muito se tenha dito sobre a pessoa e atuação do escritor e muito pouco sobre sua obra. Entre as décadas de 40 e 50, está concentrado o maior número de publicações do escritor, não por acaso, já que esse período, em virtude, principalmente da crescente urbanização no sudeste brasileiro, foi emblemático em se tratando do movimento político-social contraditório; núcleo dos temas tratados pelo contista. A intensa migração populacional para zonas urbanas, e a sobrevida daquela população vítima da modernização conservadora no Brasil, está presente com matizes diferenciados em todos os contos da obra, que se vale de uma galeria de personagens antitéticas, a fim de evidenciar as contradições da estrutura que se forjara em conseqüência de uma insurgente democracia formal. Os contrastes e contradições do Brasil, frente ao projeto ideológico de parte da intelectualidade brasileira - que tomara consciência das massas como parte constitutiva do país ao mesmo tempo em que as considerava incapazes de se desvencilhar da tutela da elite política e intelectual- são desenvolvidos esteticamente nos contos de Aníbal Machado de maneira a tensionar, em ambigüidade fundamental, a forma classicizante da escrita com a abordagem pouco convencional - e de clara influência vanguardista- com que desenvolve os temas. Esta tese aprofunda e amplia a antítese formulada por Cavalcanti Proença que, ao comentar os contos de A Morte da Porta-Estandarte, Tati e outras Histórias, afirmou ver neles a imagem dos balões cativos que vai ao espaço criativo e onírico, sem desfixar do solo as amarras de um espírito crítico e atento. Neste trabalho, pôde-se perceber que a antítese é na verdade evidência do engajamento da forma, na medida em que apresenta por meio do embate uma espécie de impasse histórico de nossa sociedade.The following paper analyzes the most important stories of A Morte da Porta Estandarte, Tati, a Garota e Outras História, written by Anibal Monteiro Machado, a notable personage in Brazilian literature, born in Sabará in the State of Minas Gerais. Although he published very little, Anibal Machado was an important cultural agitator from the 1920s to the 1950s. Perhaps because of this, much has been said about the person and his activities and very little about his literary work . Most of his literature arose during the 1940s and 1950s and not by coincidence, principally because that period, as a result of the growing urbanization in southeastern Brazil, was emblematic when portraying the contradictory social-political movement, the core of the themes dealt with by the writer. The intense migration to the urban areas and the life of that population, which fell victim to the conservative modernization of Brazil, is present in different hues and shades throughout his work that uses a plethora of antiethical characters to lay bare the structural contradiction forged because of an insurgent, formal democracy. The contrasts and contradictions of Brazil, in light of the ideological project conceived by the Brazilian intellectuals, which saw the masses as part and parcel of the country while simultaneously considering them entirely incapable of extricating themselves from the tutelage of the Brazilian political and intellectual elite, are aesthetically developed in the stories of Anibal Machado in such a manner as to stress, with fundamental ambiguity, the class system of writing with an unorthodox, albeit clearly avant garde, approach. This paper explores and expands on the anti-thesis presented by Cavalcanti Proença who, when commenting the stories of A Morte da Porta Estandarte, Tati e Outras Histórias, affirmed seeing in them the image of captive balloons rising into a creative and dreamlike sky without, however, losing touch with the ground of a critical and observing spirit. In this paper, one can perceive that the anti-thesis present in the literary work of Anibal Monteiro Machado is in fact evidence of commitment to form as it reveals through conflicts a type of historical impasse of our society.
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Oliveira, Marcos Vinícius Ferreira de. "A ruína e a máscara: as contradições de uma modernização conservadora em inferno provisório, de Luiz Ruffato." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2011. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2120.
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Nosso trabalho pretende realizar uma leitura do projeto ficcional composto por cinco volumes e intitulado Inferno provisório, de autoria do escritor mineiro Luiz Ruffato. Na origem, o projeto ruffatiano intenta reconstruir trajetórias individuais que configurem uma espécie de história do proletariado brasileiro, excluído das empreitadas levadas a efeito com o fim de inserir o país nos trilhos do que se convencionou chamar de modernização. No entanto, ao situar quase a totalidade das narrativas de Inferno provisório na cidade mineira de Cataguases (onde a estética do Modernismo foi adaptada mais como discurso, antes ideológico do que estético, sendo utilizado como base do esforço da elite industrial que propunha romper, nos termos de uma apropriação simbólica, com o passadismo impresso nas primeiras edificações, representativas de uma cidade que experimentou por um curto período de tempo a prosperidade advinda dos negócios do café) acreditamos que o autor realizou uma narrativa “a contrapelo” das versões oficiais, fazendo transparecer na trajetória dos seus personagens as contradições de uma modernização que se mostrou conservadora. Portanto, pretendemos estudar no conjunto de narrativas o modo como a Literatura articula um diálogo com a História e a Sociologia, fazendo surgir as tens ões responsáveis por fazer ruir os discursos legitimadores das estratégias de hegemonia e de dominação, fundamentais para a manutenção dos poderes estabelecidos à base de trocas, de favores e, principalmente, da exclusão. Além destes temas, pretendemos analisar o perfil do projeto que orientou a definição dos rumos estéticos e ideológicos do estilo modernista na construção do perfil urbano da cidade de Cataguases, identificando as divergências e convergências entre Modernismo, Modernidade e Modernização. Para tanto, utilizaremos as formulações teóricas de Walter Benjamin, Antonio Gramsci, Pierre Bourdieu, Nestor García Canclini, Sérgio Miceli, Ángel Rama e Roberto Schwarz.
This paper aims at studying the works of fiction consisting of 5 volumes called Inferno Provisório by Luiz Ruffato, a Brazilian writer, born in the state of Minas Gerais. In its origins, the author’s project intends to rebuild individual pathways which, together, depict a kind of history of the Brazilian proletariat, excluded from the undertakings aiming at putting the country on the track of what was convenient to be called modernization. The city of Cataguases, in the state of Minas Gerais, is the place where modernism, as literary school, was adjusted as discourse, primarily in terms of ideology, rather than style, being used as baseline of the effort of the industrial elite, which intended to symbolically break with the past imprinted in buildings, which, in turn, represented a city which lived in prosperity, even if for a short period of time, resulting from coffee business. However, on having placed almost the totality of the narratives in Inferno Provisório in Cataguases, the author is believed to have created a topsy-turvy kind of narrative, if compared to official versions. Thus, in the character’s paths, the contradictions of modernization, which proved to be conservative, are plainly evident. Therefore, the study intends to analyze the set of narratives focusing on the manner which literature constructs a dialog between History and Sociology, triggering the tension that toppled down the discourses legitimating the strategies of hegemony and domination, essential to maintain the power established with relationship based on exchanges, favors and mainly exclusion. In addition to such aspects, we also intend to analyze the features in the project which tracked the destiny definition of modernism (its ideology and style) on building Cataguases’s urban profile by identifying divergent and convergent aspects among modernism, modernity and modernization. To ground this study, the theoretical arguments formulated by Walter Benjamin, Antonio Gramsci, Pierre Bourdieu, Nestor García Canclini, Sérgio Miceli, Ángel Rama and Roberto Schwarz were used.
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Carvalho, Marina Vieira de. "Equilibrando a vida: os enunciados sobre os malabaristas da subsistência do pós-abolição carioca." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2011. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4328.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorEsta dissertação inscreve a história de personagens presentes nas ruas da cidade do Rio de Janeiro: os trabalhadores informais. Uma história da diferença que esses indivíduos, ao afetarem e serem afetados pelo controle urbano e pela sociedade, engendraram (e engendram) na urbe carioca, é o que se propõe. O momento privilegiado é o do pós-abolição, por ser um período de tensão entre descontinuidade (fim da mão-de-obra escravista) e continuidade (das pequenas profissões amorfas à classificação assalariada de trabalho); e, ainda, marcado pela modernização da cidade (as reformas urbanas e higiênicas dos governos Rodrigues Alves e Pereira Passos). Para ir ao encalço dessas vidas-equilibristas, problematizo alguns enunciados produzidos sobre eles: o historiográfico (pesquisas que tocam nesse tema), o jurídico (por meio da Contravenção da Vadiagem e sua reincidência artigo 399 e 400 do Código Penal de 1890) e o caricatural (dois álbuns intitulados Cenas da Vida Carioca, de Raul Pederneiras). Que ditos sobre os trabalhadores informais compõem a memória dizível da cidade? Ao compará-los, por que e quais são as semelhanças e diferenças entre esses enunciados? Que interfaces entre eles o controle urbano e os transeuntes foram possíveis?
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Zhu, Katherine. "Modernity and modernization in Mao Dun's Midnight." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1591.
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Zapf, Wolfgang. "Modernization theory – in the non-western world." Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/texte_eingeschraenkt_welttrends/2010/4718/.
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The article starts with an overview of modernization theories, its history of ups and downs as well as its present status. This first part is followed by an analysis of basic social structure distributions and trends in human development in selected countries. One major focal point of the paper is the Non-Western world and the Arab countries, in particular. The author looks at modernization and modernity in that region and comes to the conclusion that the Western world can no longer expect to be able to simply export its own values and its way of life to the rest of the world.
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Cook, James A. "Bridges to modernity : Xiamen, overseas Chinese and Southeast coastal modernization, 1843-1937 /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9914084.
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Ferreira, Felipe Dittrich 1985. "Alternativas modernas ao Ocidente e outros problemas antropológicos." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281715.
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Orientador: Bela FeldmanDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Este trabalho procura mostrar que o processo de modernização, impulsionado pela expansão do capitalismo e pela formação de estados nacionais, assume formas distintas ao redor do globo, em função das variadas formas de integração à economia mundial de populações e territórios que se "destradicionalizam" sem necessariamente se adequar a padrões modernos consagrados, seja no que toca à política, seja no que concerne à religião. Mesmo no domínio da economia o processo de modernização é multifacetado, como o demonstram padrões variados de consumo, poupança e investimento. A observação de casos diversos revela que a modernidade, ao se expandir, produz não apenas convergência, mas também divergência. O lugar da religião, no contexto desse debate, é enfatizado
Abstract: This work argues that the process of modernization, prompted by the expansion of capitalism and by the formation of nation-states, takes on different forms throughout the globe, owing to the variety of ways in which territories and populations are integrated to the world economy, without necessarily conforming to canonical modern patterns, either in the domain of politics or of religion. Even in the realm of economics, the process of modernization is manifold, as demonstrated by the variety of consumption, saving and investment patterns. The observation of many different cases reveals that modernity produces not only convergence, but also divergence. The place of religion, in the context of this debate, is emphasized
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Books on the topic "Modernization and modernism"
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Dabla, Bashir A. Muslim societies in South West-Asia: Essays on change development and modernization. Srinagar: Published by Jaykay Books for Jay Kay Book Shop, 2011.
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Vahabzadeh, Peyman. A guerrilla odyssey: Modernization, secularism, democracy, and the Fadai period of national liberation in Iran, 1971-1979. Syracuse, N.Y: Syracuse University Press, 2010.
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Vahabzadeh, Peyman. A guerrilla odyssey: Modernization, secularism, democracy, and the Fadai period of national liberation in Iran, 1971-1979. Syracuse, N.Y: Syracuse University Press, 2010.
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Popular religion and modernization in Latin America: A different logic. Maryknoll, N.Y: Orbis Books, 1996.
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Helen, Castle, ed. Modernism and modernization in architecture. Chichester, West Sussex: Academy Editions, 1999.
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Lang, Anouk. Modernist Fiction/Alternative Modernisms. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199679775.003.0015.
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This chapter examines the history of modernist fiction in Australia, New Zealand, and Canada within the larger context of geomodernist scholarship. It first considers how modernism relates to modernity and modernization before discussing cultural nationalism and the debate between the ‘native’ and the ‘cosmopolitan’. It then analyses boundary-troubling between realism and modernism, James Joyce's influence on fiction writers, and the works of Indigenous writers that force a reconsideration of modernism. It also explores the publishing infrastructure of modernist fiction production as well as the dialectical move between imitation and subversion as seen in Australian, New Zealand, and Canadian literatures. Finally, it provides additional contexts through which to understand how material conditions such as the availability of publication outlets shape the ways in which literary movements develop and gather momentum.
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Watson, Jay. William Faulkner and the Faces of Modernity. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198849742.001.0001.
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William Faulkner has enjoyed a secure reputation as American modernism’s foremost fiction writer, and as a landmark figure in international literary modernism, for well over half a century. Less secure, however, has been any scholarly consensus about what those modernist credentials actually entail. Over recent decades, there have been lively debates in modernist studies over the who, what, where, when, and how of the surprisingly elusive phenomena of modernism and modernity. It is the aim of this book to broaden and deepen an understanding of Faulkner’s oeuvre by following some of the guiding questions and insights of new modernism studies scholarship into understudied aspects of Faulkner’s literary modernism and his cultural modernity. William Faulkner and the Faces of Modernity explores Faulkner’s rural Mississippians as modernizing subjects in their own right rather than mere objects of modernization; traces the new speed gradients, media formations, and intensifications of sensory and affective experience that the twentieth century brought to the cities and countryside of the US South; maps the fault lines in whiteness as a racial modernity under construction and contestation during the Jim Crow period; resituates Faulkner’s fictional Yoknapatawpha County within the transnational countermodernities of the black Atlantic; and follows the author’s imaginative engagement with modern biopolitics through his late work A Fable, a novel Faulkner hoped to make his “magnum o.” By returning to the utterly uncontroversial fact of Faulkner’s modernism with a critical sensibility sharpened by new modernism studies, William Faulkner and the Faces of Modernity aims to spark further reappraisal of a distinguished and quite dazzling body of fiction. Perhaps even make it new.
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Barrett, Lindon. Modernism and the Affects of Racial Blackness. Edited by Justin A. Joyce, Dwight A. Mcbride, and John Carlos Rowe. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038006.003.0005.
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This chapter focuses on the dispute between two important figures of the Harlem Renaissance: George Schuyler and Langston Hughes. Schuyler's critique of the African American avant-garde in his essay “The Negro-Art Hokum” (1926) and Hughes's response in “The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain” (1926) provide a focus point to understand how African American artists and intellectuals imagined their relationship both to Western modernization and avant-garde cultural modernism. This chapter stands as a separate essay from Barrett's surviving manuscript, as it appears to be intended for a different publication; its inclusion here is meant to supplement discussion from the previous chapters, although Schuyler and Hughes did not tackle the gender and sexuality aspects of Barrett's arguments so far posited in this book.
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Davis, David A. World War I and Southern Modernism. University Press of Mississippi, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496815415.001.0001.
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When the United States entered World War I, parts of the country had developed industries, urban cultures, and democratic political systems, but the South lagged behind, remaining an impoverished, agriculture region. Despite New South boosterism, the culture of the early twentieth-century South was comparatively artistically arid. Yet, southern writers dominated the literary marketplace by the 1920s and 1930s. World War I brought southerners into contact with modernity before the South fully modernized. This shortfall created an inherent tension between the region’s existing agricultural social structure and the processes of modernization, leading to distal modernism, a form of writing that combines elements of modernism to depict non-modern social structures. Critics have struggled to formulate explanations for the eruption of modern southern literature, sometimes called the Southern Renaissance. Pinpointing World War I as the catalyst, this book argues southern modernism was not a self-generating outburst of writing, but a response to the disruptions modernity generated in the region. World War I and Southern Modernism examines dozens of works of literature by writers, including William Faulkner, Ellen Glasgow, and Claude McKay, that depict the South during the war. Topics explored in the book include contact between the North and the South, southerners who served in combat, and the developing southern economy. This book also provides a new lens for this argument, taking a closer look at African Americans in the military and changing gender roles.
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Bluemel, Kristin, and Michael McCluskey, eds. Rural Modernity in Britain. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474420952.001.0001.
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Rural Modernity in Britain argues that the rural areas of twentieth-century Britain were impacted by modernization just as much—if not more—than urban and suburban areas. It shifts the focus for studies of modernity and modernism onto the art, industries, and everyday life of rural people and places. In the early twentieth century, rural areas experienced economic depression, the expansion of transportation and communication networks, the roll out of electricity, the loss of land, and the erosion of local identities. Who celebrated these changes? Who resisted them? Who documented them? The fifteen chapters of Rural Modernity address these questions through investigations into fiction, non-fiction, film, music, and painting, among other genres and media. They focus on men and women writers and artists, with progressive, moderate, or conservative politics, modernist, middlebrow, or proletarian tastes, from Scottish, Welsh, and English regions. Together, the chapters make an interdisciplinary case that the rural means more than just the often-studied countryside of southern England, a retreat from the consequences of modernity; rather, the rural emerges as a source for new versions of the modern, with an active role in the formation and development of British experiences and representations of modernity.
Book chapters on the topic "Modernization and modernism"
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Thompson, Mark R. "Becoming Authoritarian Modern: Escaping the Modernization Trap." In Authoritarian Modernism in East Asia, 41–59. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-51167-6_3.
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Gerasimov, Ilya V. "At the Crossroads: Coping with Modernization as Routine." In Modernism and Public Reform in Late Imperial Russia, 123–35. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230250901_8.
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Whyte, William. "Modernism, Modernization and Europeanization in West African Architecture, 1944–94." In Europeanization in the Twentieth Century, 210–28. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230293120_11.
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Gerasimov, Ilya V. "Transfer of the Italian Technology of Modernization and Birth of the Russian “Public Agronomy” Project." In Modernism and Public Reform in Late Imperial Russia, 45–63. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230250901_4.
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Day, Graham, Andrew Thompson, and Jo Campling. "Modernity and Modernization." In Theorizing Nationalism, 41–62. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-07120-0_3.
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Schmidt, Volker H. "Global Modernization in Context." In Global Modernity, 57–64. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137435811_5.
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Krasztev, Péter. "From modernization to modernist literature." In Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages, 332–48. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/chlel.xix.40kra.
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Schmidt, Volker H. "A Four-dimensional Scheme of Modernization." In Global Modernity, 17–56. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137435811_4.
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Bhambra, Gurminder K. "From Modernization to Multiple Modernities: Eurocentrism Redux." In Rethinking Modernity, 56–79. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230206410_4.
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Karamichas, John. "Reflexive Modernization: Connecting the Environment with Modernity and Modernization." In The Olympic Games and the Environment, 70–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137297471_5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Modernization and modernism"
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Popov, Grigorii, Maxim Miheev, Alexey Vorobyev, Oleg Baturin, and Vasilii Zubanov. "Comprehensive Performance Improvement for a 16-Stage Axial Compressor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-59589.
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Abstract The paper describes the process of gas-dynamic modernization of a 16-stage axial compressor of an industrial gas turbine unit. Tests of the baseline variant of the compressor revealed a significant shortfall of efficiency, pressure ratio, and stability margins. In addition, the ongoing work on the modernization of the entire engine sets the task to the authors of not just achieving design parameters but significantly exceeding them (air mass flow rate by 6%, pressure ratio by 2%, adiabatic efficiency by 1% relative to the design values). To achieve these goals, a numerical model of the compressor was developed and validated. The characteristics obtained with its help were carefully analyzed. It was found that the front stage group has low efficiency, and the rear stage group is significantly oversized in terms of mass flow rate. Modernization works were significantly hampered by the presence of many stages and many independent variables. For this reason, the problem was solved in several stages. A separate modernization of the first and rear groups of stages was performed. Moreover, methods of mathematical optimization were used when developing the rear block of 10 stages. Then the working processes of the compressor parts were matched. As a result of the research, a variant was found to modernize the existing 16-stage axial compressor, providing an increase in the air mass flow rate by 18%, adiabatic efficiency by 3.5%, and margins of gas-dynamic stability up to 16%.
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Ruiz Flores, Luis Ivan, Rafael Castellanos Bustamante, and Jorge Guillermo Calderon Guizar. "Operational Reliability and Modernization of Refineries in Mexico: How?, Why? and Where?" In ASME 2016 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2016-59146.
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This article presents the “Why?” to modernize the electrical systems in the six refineries in Mexico, derived that since 1979 there has not built a new refinery, and the primary electrical equipment at each refinery to process fuel requires of imperative upgrading. It also presents the “How?” partial changes are being implemented in some refineries such as replacing electrical equipment in the short-term and implementation of new distribution systems in the long term. Also, it comes in “Where?” They are making the necessary changes including the integration of new electrical generators to supply the energy deficit. The state of the art in operational reliability today in Mexico is presented as part of a projection to fulfill the following objectives: a) optimize the security of personnel integration of new electrical equipment meeting international standards, b) Contribute the least damage to the primary electrical equipment in each refinery and c) allow tangible service continuity in the process of oil production. The result of this work is to show conditions change in Mexican refineries with an electric approach and culture in the safety of staff and the facilities themselves.
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Melnikas, Borisas. "Elitist Studies in Management and Economics: Contemporary Needs and Challenges under Conditions of Globalization." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Education. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cbme.2017.038.
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This theoretical article is intended to the needs and problems of the creation and further development of the so-called elitist studies in the field of management and economics. Main attention is focused on the essence and key principles and priorities of the creation, further development and modernization of elitist studies in general, as well as of the elitist studies in the field of management and economics. It is shown that the creation, further development and modernization of the elitist studies and their systems is an essential precondition for the purposeful development of the intellectual potential in all areas of social and economic life, in all spheres of social, economic and technological development, including in the field of management and economic activities. The role and importance of the elitist studies in the field of management and economics in the context of contemporary challenges of globalization, knowledge based society and knowledge economy creation, intensification of scientific and technological progress, as well as in accordance with the contemporary needs to radically improve managerial activities and to develop and modernize the intellectual potential of specialists in management and economics, is highlighted. Factors and priorities of the creation and further development of the elitist studies in the field of management and economics are described in details.
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Arzumanov, I. A. "State modernization of Old Believers’ institutions in Transbaikalia in XIXth century: on the subject of State alignment function realization via ethno-religious methods." In Old Belief: History and Modernity, Local Traditions, Relations in Russia and Abroad. Buryat State University Publishing Department, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18101/978-5-9793-0771-8-12-19.
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Cifranič, Michal, and Maroš Valach. "Inovačné aktivity a ich význam v miestnej samospráve." In XXIII. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách / 23rd International Colloquium on Regional Sciences. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9610-2020-19.
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Innovations are also an integral part of local self-government. If the self-government wants to keep up with growing claims of the citizens, or with very quick modernization of competition, it has to outlay the necessary effort to modernize itself and its offered services. The aim of the paper is to identify and analyse the innovative activities of the city of Košice and its quarter Košice - Staré Mesto with a focus on evaluating the innovation environment, identifying implemented innovations, evaluating the financing of innovations as well as the institutional context of their creation. Both primary and secondary data were used to identify and evaluate innovation activities. In order to obtain empirical data was used the interviewing method supported by the structured interview. The municipality perceives the need for innovations in order to increase the efficiency of ongoing processes within its organizational structures, which will enable citizens to provide better services. It also considers it necessary to increase the share of funding to support introducing innovations. So far, most resources have been focused on process and organizational innovations, many of which have been created by the Office's employees, which can be considered as original.
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Bolca, Pelin, Rosa Tamborrino, and Fulvio Rinaudo. "Henri Prost in Istanbul: Urban transformation process of Taksim-Maçka Valley (Le parc n°2)." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5670.
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With the foundation of the Republic of Turkey in October 1923, modernization studies have been started throughout the country. The Republican authorities which adopted a new form of government independent of the Ottoman Empire had expectations for the city planning of Turkey according to the modernization rules of urbanism. After the proclamation of the Republic, the capital of the country was relocated from Istanbul to Ankara and the funds of the Republic were canalized to the construction of the new capital city. Following the creation of Ankara, in 1935, French architect and urban planner Henri Prost was invited directly to conduct the planning of Istanbul. He worked between 1936 and 1951 with a conservative and modernist attitude. Prost’s plans for Istanbul was based on three principal issues: the transportation (la circulation), hygiene (l’hygiène) and aesthetics (l’aesthetics). He gave importance on urban and public spaces (espaces libres) and proposed two public parks. One of these parks was considered as an archaeological park at the hearth of the Historical Peninsula (parc n1), the other one was considered as a park with cultural, arts and sports functions into the hearth of the Pera district which was the area extending from today’s Taksim Square to Maçka Valley (parc n2) and wherein these days the modern and new city was built. Only Park No2 (parc n2) was partially constructed in the 1940s following these park plans. However, the park has been transformed by the planning decisions taken over time depending on the political, cultural and ideological changes and this transformation process has been intensively discussed by the academic and professional field on the Istanbul’s and Turkey’s urban agenda. The focus of this study is to understand and define the process of transformation, and investigate the changing of significances of the Taksim-Maçka Valley from foundation of the Republic of Turkey to the present time. Accordingly, the first part of the paper presents the formation process of the area through the 1:2000 plan of Park No2 (parc n2) and the 1:500 plan of The Republic Square and the İnönü Esplanade in Taksim (la place de la République et l'esplanade İnönü à Taksim) which were prepared by Henri Prost. In the second part, the transformation process that occurs after Prost was discharged from his position is analyzed. The paper concludes with a discussion on the pros and cons of the transformation. In the study, the “digital urban history method” (telling the history of the city in the age of the ICT revolution) was used through the power of various direct and indirect sources with ArcGIS and 3D modeling techniques.
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Donohue, Brian P. "Seattle Center Monorail Train Refurbishment Program." In ASME 2011 Rail Transportation Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/rtdf2011-67021.
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Long the iconic transportation symbol of Seattle, the monorail system was constructed for the 1962 World’s Fair. Seattle’s monorail vehicles were the last and most technically advanced vehicles designed and built by the firm of Alweg-Forschung, GmbH (Alweg) of Cologne, Germany. The primary train operating systems and components were supplied by major US transit system equipment vendors of that era, including G.E., WABCO, and Rockwell. The two, 4-car train’s original layout and function generally conformed to US transit rail equipment standards and design practices of the early 1960s. However, during 45-years of near-continuous, revenue operation that included upgrades, piecemeal refurbishment projects and accident/incident repairs, many changes were made to the original design with varying levels of success and documentation. In 2007, a small team of Seattle Monorail staff and consultants identified the vehicle systems and components that were most urgently in need of replacement or overhaul given the limited funding and time available for completion of design work, preparation of contractor bid documentation and construction. Project funding was primarily via a grant from the Federal Transit Administration (FTA), supplemented by the City of Seattle. The historical significance of the Seattle Monorail was at the center of the refurbishment program, with great care in functional design, aesthetics and construction being exercised throughout the program until completion in 2010. The modernization included the installation and integration of: communications-based train control; programmable logic controllers (PLC’s) for auxiliary systems; redundancy and interlocking of key safety-related components; streamlined controls that lead to significant weight savings and increased reliability; modern components to address ADA compliance; and ergonomic Driver Cabs. This report discusses the Seattle Center Monorail Refurbishment Program given the unique opportunity to modernize two historic pieces of transportation rolling stock that is anticipated to run in revenue service for the next 45 years.
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Weiss, Gerhard J., and Jerry A. Kopczynski. "Cost Optimization for Steam Turbine Control Upgrades." In 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2002-26094.
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The basic principles of generating electricity from steam have not changed during the last 100 years. Consequently, current steam turbine design is similar to the one introduced to the market by BBC, ALSTOM, ASEA or GE about a century ago. Of course modern blade and valve design dramatically improves heat rate; new materials increase effective longevity of the turbine. Similarly, the basic principles of how to control a turbine are the same as many years ago. However, equipment being used now to operate and control a turbine is quite different than that of the time when the first steam turbine was put into commercial operation. It is common knowledge that the control system is technically aging much faster than the turbine itself. Steam turbines achieve an average service life of 40 years. There are many steam turbines still operating with originally installed control systems. These aging control systems installed 20–30 years ago are becoming unreliable and costly to maintain. For most power plant owners/operators it has become a necessity to modernize their originally installed mechanical/hydraulic control systems. This is particulary important now, due to the very competitive, deregulated power production business. Control system upgrades together with improvement of the steam path components will result in efficient operation of the power plant for an extended number of years for a fraction of the cost necessary to build a new power generation station. Several control upgrade solutions and options are available at substantial cost saving, without compromising safety requirements, flexibility and reliability of the power plant. Step by step modular upgrades, utilizing the majority of pre-existing equipment, using proven standard software modules and inexpensive PLCs (programmable logic controllers), applying 2 out-of-three 3 analog signal acquisitions for 2 out of 3, or 1 out of 2 protection — these are some ways of reducing the cost of plant modernization. This paper will discuss and document particular cases where the cost optimization concept was successfully implemented with positive results in the following areas: • High availability and reliability achieved; • Safety and flexibility of operation improved; • Maintenance cost reduced.
Reports on the topic "Modernization and modernism"
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Qamhia, Issam, and Erol Tutumluer. Evaluation of Geosynthetics Use in Pavement Foundation Layers and Their Effects on Design Methods. Illinois Center for Transportation, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-025.
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This report presents findings of a research effort aimed at reviewing and updating existing Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) specifications and manuals regarding the use of geosynthetic materials in pavements. The project consisted of three tasks: evaluate current IDOT practice related to the use of geosynthetics; review research and state of the practice on geosynthetics applications, available products, design methods, and specifications; and propose recommendations for geosynthetic solutions in pavements to modernize IDOT’s practices and manuals. The review of IDOT specifications revealed that geotextiles are the most used geosynthetic product in Illinois, followed by geogrids. Several of IDOT’s manuals have comprehensive guidelines to properly design and construct pavements with geosynthetics, but several knowledge gaps and potential areas for modernization and adoption of new specifications still exist. Based on the review of the available design methods and the most relevant geosynthetic properties and characterization methods linked to field performance, several updates to IDOT’s practice were proposed. Areas of improvement are listed as follows. First, establish proper mechanisms for using geogrids, geocells, and geotextiles in subgrade restraint and base stabilization applications. This includes using shear wave transducers, i.e., bender elements, to quantify local stiffness enhancements and adopting the Giroud and Han design method for subgrade restraint applications. Second, update IDOT’s Subgrade Stability Manual to include property requirements for geogrids, geotextiles, and geocells suitable for subgrade restraint applications. Third, establish proper standards on stabilization, separation, and pumping resistance for geotextiles by incorporating recent research findings on geotextile clogging and permeability criteria. Fourth, promote the use of modern geosynthetic products, such as geotextiles with enhanced lateral drainage, and fifth, elaborate on proper methods for construction/quality control measures for pavements with geosynthetics.