Relevant bibliographies by topics / Modes de conservation

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Modes de conservation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Modes de conservation"

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Saçlioğlu, Cihan. "Conservation laws, equivalence principle and forbidden radiation modes." Resonance 17, no. 3 (March 2012): 274–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12045-012-0025-8.

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FOOT, R., H. LEW, and R. R. VOLKAS. "POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES OF PARITY CONSERVATION." Modern Physics Letters A 07, no. 28 (September 14, 1992): 2567–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732392004031.

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It has been shown that parity may be an exact unbroken symmetry of nature. This requires a doubling of the number of physical particles, although only two parameters beyond those in the Standard Model are introduced. We show that the Lagrangian describing parity conserving models can be reformulated in terms of a basis in which each term of the Lagrangian is parity invariant, although gauge invariance is not manifest. We then examine some further experimental signatures of parity conservation. We point out that, in the simplest case, there is one parity-even and one parity-odd physical neutral Higgs mass eigenstate, whose Yukawa coupling constants are [Formula: see text]-that of the Standard Model Higgs boson. Furthermore, half of their widths are generated by almost invisible decay modes. Also, if neutrinos are massive then the ordinary and mirror neutrinos will, in the minimal case, be maximally mixed due to parity conservation. This means that vacuum oscillations can be large, thus providing a possible solution to the solar neutrino problem.
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Bahar, L. Y., and H. G. Kwatny. "Conservation laws for dissipative systems possessing classical normal modes." Journal of Sound and Vibration 102, no. 4 (October 1985): 551–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-460x(85)80113-9.

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Hirota, M., and S. Tokuda. "Wave-action conservation law for eigenmodes and continuum modes." Physics of Plasmas 17, no. 8 (August 2010): 082109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3475793.

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Pellegrino, D., G. Kells, N. Moran, and J. K. Slingerland. "Constructing edge zero modes through domain wall angle conservation." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 53, no. 9 (February 11, 2020): 095006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ab6fc7.

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Echave, Julian. "Why are the low-energy protein normal modes evolutionarily conserved?" Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 9 (June 30, 2012): 1931–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-12-02-15.

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Proteins fluctuate, and such fluctuations are functionally important. As with any functionally relevant trait, it is interesting to study how fluctuations change during evolution. In contrast with sequence and structure, the study of the evolution of protein motions is much more recent. Yet, it has been shown that the overall fluctuation pattern is evolutionarily conserved. Moreover, the lowest-energy normal modes have been found to be the most conserved. The reasons behind such a differential conservation have not been explicitly studied. There are two limiting explanations. A “biological” explanation is that because such modes are functional, there is natural selection pressure against their variation. An alternative “physical” explanation is that the lowest-energy normal modes may be more conserved because they are just more robust with respect to random mutations. To investigate this issue, I studied a set of globin-like proteins using a perturbed elastic network model (ENM) of the effect of random mutations on normal modes. I show that the conservation predicted by the model is in excellent agreement with observations. These results support the physical explanation: the lowest normal modes are more conserved because they are more robust.
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Thuburn, John, and Geoffrey K. Vallis. "Properties of conditionally filtered equations: Conservation, normal modes, and variational formulation." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 144, no. 714 (July 2018): 1555–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.3307.

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Alarco, Jose A., Alison Chou, Peter C. Talbot, and Ian D. R. Mackinnon. "Phonon modes of MgB2: super-lattice structures and spectral response." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, no. 44 (2014): 24443–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp03449j.

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King, M. E., and A. F. Vakakis. "An Energy-Based Formulation for Computing Nonlinear Normal Modes in Undamped Continuous Systems." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 116, no. 3 (July 1, 1994): 332–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2930433.

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The nonlinear normal modes of a class of one-dimensional, conservative, continuous systems are examined. These are free, periodic motions during which all particles of the system reach their extremum amplitudes at the same instant of time. During a nonlinear normal mode, the motion of an arbitrary particle of the system is expressed in terms of the motion of a certain reference point by means of a modal function. Conservation of energy is imposed to construct a partial differential equation satisfied by the modal function, which is asymptotically solved using a perturbation methodology. The stability of the detected nonlinear modes is then investigated by expanding the corresponding variational equations in bases of orthogonal polynomials and analyzing the resulting set of linear differential equations with periodic coefficients by Floquet analysis. Applications of the general theory are given by computing the nonlinear normal modes of a simply-supported beam lying on a nonlinear elastic foundation, and of a cantilever beam possessing geometric nonlinearities.
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Cooper, Leith, Ian I. Kogan, and Kai-Ming Lee. "String winding modes from charge non-conservation in compact Chern-Simons theory." Physics Letters B 394, no. 1-2 (February 1997): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(96)01692-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Modes de conservation"

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Bowman, Dominic Matthew. "Amplitude modulation and energy conservation of pulsation modes in delta Scuti stars." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2016. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/18788/.

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The pulsations in δ Sct stars are excited by a heat engine driving mechanism caused by in-creased opacity in their surface layers, and have pulsation periods of order a few hours. Space based observations in the last decade have revealed a diverse range of pulsational be-haviour in these stars, which is investigated using an ensemble of 983 δ Sct stars observed continuously for 4 yr by the Kepler Space Tele-scope. A statistical search for amplitude modu-lation of pulsation modes is carried out and it is shown that 61.3 per cent of the 983 δ Sct stars exhibit significant amplitude modulation in at least a single pulsation mode, and that this is uncorrelated with effective temperature and surface gravity. Hence, the majority of δ Sct stars exhibit amplitude modulation, with time-scales of years and longer demonstrated to be significant in these stars both observationally and theoretically. An archetypal example of amplitude modulation in a δ Sct star is KIC 7106205, which contains only a single pulsation mode that varies signifi-cantly in amplitude whilst all other pulsation modes stay constant in amplitude and phase throughout the 4-yr Kepler data set. Therefore, the visible pulsational energy budget in this star, and many others, is not conserved over 4 yr. Models of beating of close-frequency pulsation modes are used to identify δ Sct stars with fre-quencies that lie closer than 0.001 d−1, which are barely resolved using 4 yr of Kepler observa-tions, and maintain their independent identi-ties over 4 yr. Mode coupling models are used to quantify the strength of coupling and distin-guish between non-linearity in the form of combination frequencies and non-linearity in the form of resonant mode coupling for families of pulsation modes in several stars. The changes in stellar structure caused by stel-lar evolution are investigated for two high am-plitude δ Sct (HADS) stars in the Kepler data set, revealing a positive quadratic change in phase for the fundamental and first overtone radial modes in KIC 5950759. The observed phase modulation of the radial modes in this star is two orders of magnitude larger than predicted by stellar evolutionary models, yet is consistent with the prediction of increasing pe-riods of radial modes for stars on the main se-quence. The statistical analysis of 983 δ Sct stars, in-cluding the results from the search for ampli-tude modulation, is a valuable resource for on-going and future space missions such as K2, TESS and PLATO, because the high quality 4-yr Kepler data set will not be surpassed for some time. The observational studies of individual stars in this thesis provide strong evidence that non-linear processes are clearly at work in the majority of δ Sct stars, and provide valuable constraints for future asteroseismic modelling.
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Thakholi, Lerato. "Modes of land control in transfrontier conservation areas : a case of green grabbing." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20473.

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In light of the current literature on green grabbing, this study is motivated by the need to understand whether TFCAs are characterized by green grabbing and what form they take if indeed they are unfolding there. It investigated the modes of land control and transfer - within the Lesotho component of the Maloti Drakensberg Transfrontier Conservation Area and South Africa's Greater Mapungubwe Transfrontier Conservation Area - in order to explore the politics of land in TFCAs through the green grabbing lens. Global environmental organizations are increasingly calling for more terrestrial and marine resources to be protected from the looming global environmental crisis. The knowledge production about environmental problems, threats and solutions are often articulated at the global level through reports and conventions and are expected to be adopted at the local level. One such solution to loss of biodiversity that has enjoyed increasing support in southern Africa is the concept of the Peace Parks in the form of Transfrontier Conservation Areas. With the land question an ever brooding cloud over southern Africa, this study finds itself interrogating TFCAs and the land questions they raise. Taking into consideration the current land claims in South Africa, the contested issue of traditional authorities and the problems associated with communal land tenure. The study used hegemony as a lens through which to understand how conservation initiatives at the local level are an amalgamation of how the global environmental bloc has conceptualized conservation both as a practice and an idea. One such idea that has been widely popularised is the need for more land for conservation purposes. This approach allowed the identification of environmental international conventions and protocols as a first step in a series of prongs that legitimizes green grabbing. Furthermore, it used property rights to explore how legal green grabbing occur, that is, how property rights are used by private land owners as well as the state to appropriate more land, and in some instances how property rights were used to resist the encroachment of conservation in the frontier.
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Caroff, Xavier. "Pluralité des modes de traitement de l'information et développement cognitif : le cas de la conservation." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H010.

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L'objectif de la recherche est de mettre à l'épreuve une conception pluraliste du fonctionnement et du développement cognitifs. L'exemple choisi est celui de la genèse de la conservation. On rappelle, tout d'abord, les conceptions "unitaires" de la conservation. On présente ensuite une analyse critique de deux controverses : celle qui a opposé Piaget et Bruner sur la nature du processus en jeu dans la résolution des épreuves de conservation ; celle qui surgit à propos d'un décalage génétique postule entre conservation de l'identité et conservation de l'équivalence. Un bilan de ces controverses conduit à postuler deux modes de traitement différents : une analyse des dimensions perceptibles du changement de forme de l'objet et un processus de généralisation fonde sur l'identité qualitative de l'objet. Un modèle pluraliste de la conservation est proposé. Il prévoit que les deux processus peuvent intervenir simultanément, dans le jugement des sujets, mais avec des pondérations différentes selon les sujets et selon les situations. Il suppose, en outre, que l'une des sources du développement réside dans la dynamique du système qui peut être enclenchée lorsque des processus différents entrent en interaction. La contribution expérimentale est composée de sept expériences. Les deux premières vérifient que la conception de Bruner présente une alternative plausible au modèle propose par Piaget. La troisième est une étude longitudinale dont les résultats confirment l'hypothèse de cheminements différents dans le développement de la conservation. Les trois expériences suivantes mettent à l'épreuve l'hypothèse d'une interaction entre les traitements dimensionnels et identité. Deux paradigmes différents sont utilisés. Le premier s'inspire de la théorie de l'intégration de l'information de N. Anderson ; le second utilise une situation de double-tache ou l'épreuve de conservation tient lieu de tache interférente. Les résultats de ces expériences montrent que les jugements des sujets nonconservants sont susceptibles de varier selon le jeu des pondérations entre les deux modes de traitement de l'information. La dernière expérience tend à montrer que l'incertitude du jugement de conservation augmente lorsque la compétition entre les deux modes de traitement de l'information est importante. L'ensemble des résultats est discuté par référence à deux interprétations concurrentes
This research examines a pluralistic approach to cognitive functioning and development. The development of conservation of quantity is used as a test case. First, the "unitary" models of conservation are discussed. Then a critical analysis of two historical controversies follows : one controversy focuses on the nature of the process involved in conservation tasks, and the other focuses on the postulated decalage between identity conservation and equivalence conservation. A synthesis of these controversies leads to two hypothesized information processing modes : (a) an analysis of the object's dimensions that are subject to change and (b) a generalization process based on the object's qualitative identity. A pluralistic model of the development of conservation is proposed. This model states that both processes can be activated simultaneously when subjects make conservation judgments ; however, these processes are activated with different weights for different individuals and for different situations. It is also assumed that one source of cognitive development could be a selforganizing dynamic which is engaged when different processes interact. Seven experiments were conducted. The first three experiments confirm that Bruner's theory is a viable alternative to the Piagetian one. The third experiment is a longitudinal study which shows different pathways for different individuals during the development of conservation. Three further experiments address the issue of interaction between information processing modes. Two different paradigms are used. The first is inspired by N. Anderson's information integration theory ; the second is a dual-task paradigm in which conservation is the interfering task. The results show that nonconserving subjects'judgments tend to vary with the weights given to the two information processing modes described above. The last experiment shows that the uncertainty of judgments increases when competition between both information processing modes is substantial. Possible theoretical interpretations of the results are discussed
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Kouassi, Kouadio Désiré. "Forêts classées de Côte d'Ivoire : la conservation à l'épreuve des modes d'appropriation : exemple de la forêt d'Irobo-Méné." Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21565.

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Cette thèse essaie de comprendre et d'expliquer la cause des défrichements agricoles effectués dans la forêt classée d'Irobo-Méné. Elle s'interroge d'abord sur la nature du fondement du rapport que les États coloniaux et postcoloniaux, d'une part, et les populations autochtones riveraines, d'autre part, entretiennent avec la terre et les ressources qu'elle porte. Elle révèle ensuite que, dans leur coexistence, le mode d'organisation local de l'usage de la terre est soumis à une profonde évolution, sous l'influence du modèle étatique d'affectation de l'espace qui s'accompagne de l'expansion de l'agriculture de plantation et de la monétarisation de l'économie. De même, les formes sociales selon lesquelles se réalise son contrôle connaissent, elles aussi, des transformations radicales. Tout ceci a pour conséquence une forte individualisation et une pérennisation de l'usage de la terre. Cette dynamique interne aux communautés rurales s'est accentuée lorsque l'État a libéralisé l'exploitation de l'espace rural. Cette ouverture a donné lieu à la mise en place de stratégies sociales, économiques et politiques dont la confrontation a débouché sur la cession vénale des terres. Par la suite, cette monétarisation du rapport à la terre s'est prolongée dans la forêt classée
This thesis tries to understand and explain the very cause of the agricultural deforests done in the classified forest of Irobo-Méné. It analysis the fundaments of the relations of the colonial and postcolonial States, as well as the people from the deforest area, with the land and its resources. The founding is that, in their coexistence, the pattern of local organization towards the use of the lands is submitted to a profound evolution, under the influence of the State's model of space distribution, at its turn accompanied by the expansion of plantation agriculture and monetary transformation of economy. At the same, the social practices associated with the State's control are dominated as well by a radical transformation. The situation determines a strong individualization among citizens, along with the modification of land's usage. This internal dynamics of the rural communities has been reinforced when the State had liberalized the exploitation of the rural space. The phenomenon determined the apparition of social, economic and political strategies, all in confrontation towards the ownership of the lands. Consequently, this relation with the lands, dominated by money, has been prolonged into the classified forest
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Ayala, Garay Oscar Javler. "Etude écophysiologique de deux cultivars de cerfeuil tubéreux, Chaerophyllum bulbosum L. : accumulation d'amidon dans les tubercules et impact des modes de conservation sur l'hydrolyse de l'amidon." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NSARC065.

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Ruscassie, Robert. "Contribution à l'étude des modes d'alimentation des lampes à décharge haute pression à halogènures métalliques en vue d'une application gradable pour l'éclairage urbain." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20218.

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Beau, Frédéric. "Ecologie de la Cistude d'Europe "Emys orbicularis" en Brenne : histoire de vie des nouveau-nés et influence des modes de gestion sur les populations." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LAROS024.

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La Brenne est une région qui abrite aujourd’hui une biodiversité remarquable et de nombreuses espèces emblématiques des zones humides, parmi lesquelles la Cistude d’Europe Emys orbicularis occupe une place particulière. Cette espèce a été largement favorisée par les activités humaines passées. Les étangs, tous artificiels, ont vu s’installer et se développer depuis le Moyen Âge une des plus importantes populations de France. Cette espèce, dont la répartition française fut plus large, a subi d’importantes réductions essentiellement en raison des modifications des pratiques agricoles et l’utilisation, voire la disparition, des milieux aquatiques et terrestres nécessaires à son cycle de vie. Les Réserves naturelles sont des lieux de préservation du patrimoine naturel. La biologie de la conservation s’attache à proposer des mesures de préservation sur la base d’études scientifiques. Ce travail s’inscrit dans cette démarche sur une espèce pourtant déjà largement étudiée. Cette dernière considération nous a amené à porter nos recherches sur des éléments nouveaux pour l’espèce. Ainsi, nous avons souhaité tout d’abord étudier les facteurs liés aux sites de ponte : l’incubation in situ, les émergences et les premiers moments de vie des nouveau-nés qui quittent le nid. Puis, nous avons étudié les populations dans les étangs sous le prisme de la qualité des milieux aquatiques. Concernant notre premier objectif, jusqu’à présent les sites de ponte étaient considérés, et donc gérés, comme des lieux à optimiser pour la ponte des femelles. Or, il s’avère que l’utilisation de cet habitat terrestre par l’espèce va bien au-delà. En effet, la plasticité de la phénologie des émergences, liée à une faible mobilité des jeunes qui sortent du nid et leur utilisation du milieu, nous oblige à revoir nos considérations de gestion de ces habitats, tout du moins dans le contexte particulier (édaphique, climatique et météorologique) de la Brenne. L’étude des populations par la qualité des eaux nous apporte des premiers résultats, notamment sur la présence de mercure à des doses connues pour causer des troubles chez d’autres groupes d’espèces. L’origine de ce mercure ne semble pas imputable aux activités humaines locales, mais il semble issu du cycle global du mercure et une entrée dans la chaîne alimentaire liée à la gestion par les assecs réguliers. Sans avoir démontré d’impact sur la reproduction des cistudes, nous avons mis en évidence une corrélation qui incite à porter une attention à ce phénomène de présence de mercure dans les organismes vivants des étangs de Brenne. La présence d’algues sur les tortues aquatiques est connue depuis longtemps. Toutefois, nos résultats mettent en évidence une phénologie du recouvrement de la carapace différente selon les classes d’âge et les sexes. La modification des pratiques piscicoles, vers une intensification, apparait comme le facteur agissant sur la présence et la colonisation des cistudes par les algues, par une eutrophisation des milieux (étangs). De même que pour le mercure, bien que nous ayons mis en évidence des corrélations entre la couverture algale et la condition corporelle des femelles ou encore leur capacité de reproduction, ces premiers résultats sont à poursuivre afin de connaitre l’impact à long terme sur cette espèce longévive. En Brenne, les populations de cistudes sont encore importantes mais des variables telles que le taux de juvéniles dans les populations, la présence de mercure, le recouvrement parfois très important en algues, doivent nous inciter à maintenir notre vigilance pour cette espèce, et poursuivre le travail dans le cadre de la biologie de la conservation. Ceci accompagné de valorisations et de partages de ces connaissances et des expériences de gestion
“Brenne” is a French wetland area which shelters a remarkable biodiversity and many emblematic species, among which the European pond turtle Emys orbicularis is particularly abundant. This species has been largely favored by past human activities. In Brenne, all ponds are man-made and have allowed the development, since the Middle Age, of one of the largest European pond turtle population in France. The distribution of this species has strongly decreased mainly because of changes in agricultural practices and the use of the aquatic and terrestrial environments necessary for its life cycle. Nature Reserves are important areas dedicated to the preservation of the natural heritage. One of the goal of biological conservation is to propose preservation measures based on scientific studies. E. orbicularis has been the subject of many of such studies. We choose to carry out our research on new elements for the species. First, we investigated parameters related to nesting sites: incubation under natural environment, emergence and postemergence behaviors of hatchlings. Second, we studied the populations under the prism of the quality of the aquatic environments. Generally, nesting sites were mainly considered as critical areas for egg-laying by females. However, it turns out that the use of this terrestrial habitat by the species is more important. Indeed, the plasticity of emergence phenology linked to a low mobility of hatchlings strongly suggest to change management practices of these habitats, at least in the particular context (edaphic, climate and weather) of Brenne. The study of the influence of water quality on populations allowed to highlight important patterns. Mercury levels in European pond turtle can reach doses known to cause disorders. The origin of this mercury does not seem to be linked to local human activities, but appears to originate from its global cycle. However, the Hg bioavailability is stimulated by local management practices, characterized by drainage periods. We have highlighted a correlation between the concentration of mercury and female reproduction (gravidity) which stimulates future research. A focus on algal epibiosis indicates that a large part of individuals are covered by algae. The presence of algae on aquatic turtles has been known for a long time. However, our results highlight differences of the algal epibiosis between ages and sexes. Intensive fish-farming appears to be responsible of the presence and prevalence of algae on turtles. Intensification of fish-farming practices causes an eutrophication of the environments. We also found correlations between algal cover and body condition and reproduction in adult females. These results should be pursued in order to know the long-term impact on this long-lived species. In Brenne, populations of European pond turtle are still large but some aspects such as proportion of juveniles, presence of mercury, or algal epibiosis deserve future studies in the field of conservation biology, with an emphasis on knowledge and management experiences sharing
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Moutou, Pitti Rostand. "Découplage des modes mixtes de rupture dans les matériaux viscoélastiques orthotropes : modélisation et expérimentation." Limoges, 2008. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/ef7922d4-fef2-4588-8ac2-e16a2fb9b997/blobholder:0/2008LIMO4025.pdf.

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Ce mémoire présente une nouvelle méthode séparant les modes mixtes de rupture dans les matériaux viscoélastiques orthotropes soumis au fluage. La formulation analytique proposée est basée sur l’intégrale invariante M. Dans une première phase, une modélisation numérique de l’outil est proposée et comparée avec une formulation analytique issue de la densité d’énergie libre d’Helmholtz. L’indépendance du domaine d’intégration est justifiée, et simultanément, les différentes évolutions du taux de restitution d’énergie G sont présentées en fonction du temps. Une seconde phase propose une extension de l’intégrale M à la propagation de fissure. Le formalisme analytique repose sur les théorèmes de conservation énergétiques et une conjonction des champs réels et virtuels. Grâce à une formulation incrémentale du comportement viscoélastique, l’algorithme de propagation proposé est résolu grâce au code de calcul aux éléments finis CASTEM. Ainsi, l’indépendance du domaine est justifiée, et G est présenté en fonction du temps, de la vitesse de propagation et de la longueur de fissure, justifiant ainsi, la capacité du model à séparer les modes. Enfin, l’éprouvette 2MCG (Mixed Mode Crack Growth), traduisant les effets temporels dus au fluage, est proposée. Sa conception résulte d’une part, compromis entre les éprouvettes DCB (Double Cantilever Beam) et CTS (Compact Tension Shear), et d’autre part de l’observation d’une plage de stabilité de G instantané calculé via l’intégrale M. Grâce à une presse et à l’analyse d’images, les essais instantanés sont effectués afin d’obtenir la longueur de fissure, les forces F et G critiques. Enfin, une propagation viscoélastique intégrant les phases d’amorçage, les temps critiques et la longueur de la zone d’élaboration mixte est envisagée
Due to creep process, a new method based on M integral, separating mixed-modes fractures in viscoelastic material, is presented in this thesis. In the first time, a numerical modelling of M is proposed and compared with an analytical formulation given by Helmholtz’s free energy density. In this fact, the non dependence domain integration is proven. In the same time, the different evolutions of energy release rate G versus time are shown. In the second time, a generalization of M to crack growth process is proposed. The analytical development is based on conservative laws and a combination of real and virtual fields. According to an incremental viscoelastic formulation, the proposed numerical crack growth algorithm is resolved with finite element software CASTEM. In this case, the non dependence domain integration is also shown. So, the different evolutions of G versus time, crack speed and crack length are posted. This fact proves the capacity of the proposed model to traduce efficiently the mixed-modes fractures separation and viscoelastic effect. Finally, a new 2MCG (Mixed-Mode Crack Growth) specimen, traducing viscoelastic characteristics due to creep loading is proposed. Its design results from a judicious compromise between DCB (Double Cantilever Beam) and CTS (Compact Tension Shear) specimens, but also, by the observation of an instantaneous energy release rate stability given by the previous M integral. Thanks to a press and the images analysis, several instantaneous tests have been performed in order to traduce the crack length and the critical values of the load F and G. At the end, a real viscoelastic integrating the crack initiation, the critical time and the length of the process zone in mixed mode is proposed
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Delclaux, Julie. "Gestion du paysage en faveur du réseau écologique. : Modes de gouvernance, représentations et pratiques dans les espaces agricoles." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2036.

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Les politiques de conservation de la biodiversité ne concernent plus seulement aujourd’hui des espaces protégés, mais également des réseaux où l’enjeu est de préserver et restaurer les continuités entre habitats afin de favoriser les circulations des populations animales et végétales. Ce nouveau regard élargit les territoires de la conservation aux espaces de nature ordinaire, tels que les espaces agricoles, où les processus écologiques et les activités humaines sont fortement imbriqués. Ce travail de thèse s’intéresse à la mise en œuvre, à travers une gestion du paysage en faveur du réseau écologique, d’une stratégie de conservation intégrée de la biodiversité dans les espaces agricoles. Pour cela, nous étudions les modes de gouvernance, les représentations et les pratiques de cette conservation à différentes échelles par des approches associant méthodes d’analyse qualitative et quantitative. A l’échelle nationale et régionale, nous interrogeons les évolutions des représentations sociales des relations entre agriculture et biodiversité au moyen d’une analyse de contenu de la presse quotidienne. A l’échelle régionale et territoriale, nous comparons la gouvernance et la mise en œuvre d’un outil contractuel de la politique Trame verte et bleue sur trois études de cas, à partir d’entretiens semi-directifs et d’observations participantes. A l’échelle de l’exploitation agricole, nous identifions par des entretiens semi-directifs, les modalités d’intégration de la biodiversité comme facteur de décision des pratiques des agriculteurs et leurs représentations de la biodiversité et des éléments semi-naturels arborés. Nos résultats mettent en évidence que le paysage est un outil propice à l’insertion de la biodiversité dans les espaces agricoles, et à celle des acteurs locaux dans la conservation, à condition qu’il soit considéré dans sa pluralité de conceptions et de représentations. Cependant, autour des réseaux écologiques, la notion de paysage qui fait référence reste largement celle de l’écologie et celle-ci peine à inclure la dimension agricole et les agriculteurs. Nous discutons des apports théoriques et méthodologiques de ces résultats et de leurs perspectives scientifiques et appliquées en géographie de la conservation
Biodiversity conservation no longer only concerns protected areas. It is also a matter of ecological network. Ecological corridors between habitats participate in the circulation of animal and plant populations. This new perspective extends the scope of conservation to ordinary nature and areas where ecological processes and human activities are strongly intertwined, such as agricultural areas. This study focuses on the implementation of integrated biodiversity conservation in agricultural areas through landscape management for ecological network. We study the modes of governance, representations and practices on several scales, mixing qualitative and quantitative analyses. At the national and regional scales, changes in social representations of the relationship between agriculture and biodiversity are examined with a content analysis of French media. At the regional and local scale, we compare, in three case studies, the modes of governance of a contractual tool of the French ecological network policy: the Green and Blue infrastructure ("Trame verte et bleue"). For this purpose, we use semi-structured interviews and participant observations. At farm scale, we identify with semi-structured interviews, the ways in which biodiversity can be included as a factor in decision–making practices, and we investigate the farmers’ representations of biodiversity and landscape elements. We show the importance of taking into account the diversity of conceptions and representations of landscape by farmers and all stakeholders for successful integrated biodiversity conservation. In the design and implementation of ecological network policies, the predominant conception of landscape is ecological and therefore has difficulty in including the agricultural issues and farmers’ views. Finally, we discuss the theoretical, methodological and practical implications of our results in conservation geography
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Greer, Mackenzie M. "Modes, Means and Measures: Adapting Sustainability Indicators to Assess Preservation Activity's Impact on Community Equity." Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/277/.

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Books on the topic "Modes de conservation"

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Moutier, Maxime-Olivier. Les trois modes de conservation des viandes: Roman. Montréal: Marchand de feuilles, 2006.

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), Northwest Power Planning Council (U S. Model conservation standards equivalent code. Portland, Or: Northwest Power Planning Council, 1986.

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), Northwest Power Planning Council (U S. Model conservation standards equivalent code. Portland, Or: Northwest Power Planning Council, 1985.

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Tiritiri Matangi: A model of conservation. Auckland, N.Z: Tandem Press, 2004.

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Burke, David G., and Joel E. Dunn. A sustainable Chesapeake: Better models for conservation. Arlington, Va: Conservation Fund, 2010.

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Northwest Power Planning Council (U.S.). Model conservation standards for new commercial buildings. 8th ed. Portland, Or, (851 6th Ave., Suite 1100, Portland 97204-1348): The Council, 1989.

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L, Bleloch A., ed. Building models for conservation and wildlife management. New York: Macmillan, 1986.

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P, Carroll John, ed. Quantitative conservation of vertebrates. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 2009.

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Toro, E. F. Multidimensional WAF-type schemes for model conservation laws. Cranfield, Bedfordshire, England: Cranfield University, College of Aeronautics, 1993.

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R, Thompson Frank, ed. Models for planning wildlife conservation in large landscapes. Burlington, MA: Academic Press, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Modes de conservation"

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Sowells-Boone, Evelyn, Rushit Dave, Brinta Chowdhury, and DeWayne Brown. "Energy Efficient Power Management Modes for Smartphone Battery Life Conservation." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 710–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32523-7_53.

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Scott, William, and Stephen Gough. "Environmental Learning and Categories of Interest: Exploring Modes of Participation and Learning in a Conservation NGO." In Participation and Learning, 81–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6416-6_5.

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Rabinovici, Eliezer. "Beyond the Standard Model." In Particle Physics Reference Library, 455–517. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38207-0_8.

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AbstractStarting sometime in 2008/2009 one expects to be able to take a glimpse at physics at the TeV scale. This will be done through the Large Hadronic Collider (LHC) at CERN, Geneva. It will be a result of an unprecedented coordinated international scientific effort. This chapter is written in 2007. It is essentially inviting disaster to spell out in full detail what the current various theoretical speculations on the physics are, as well motivated as they may seem at this time. What I find of more value is to elaborate on some of the ideas and the motivations behind them. Some may stay with us, some may evolve and some may be discarded as the results of the experiments unfold. When the proton antiproton collider was turned on in the early eighties of the last century at Cern the theoretical ideas were ready to face the experimental results in confidence, a confidence which actually had prevailed. The emphasis was on the tremendous experimental challenges that needed to be overcome in both the production and the detection of the new particles. As far as theory was concerned this was about the physics of the standard model and not about the physics beyond it. The latter part was left safely unchallenged. That situation started changing when the large electron positron (LEP) collider experiments also at Cern were turned on as well the experiments at the Tevatron at Fermilab. Today it is with rather little, scientifically based, theoretical confidence that one is anticipating the outcome of the experiments. It is less the method and foundations that are tested and more the prejudices. It is these which are at the center of this chapter. Some claim to detect over the years an oscilatory behavior in the amount of conservatism expressed by leaders in physics. The generation in whose life time relativity and quantum mechanics were discovered remained non-conservative throughout their life. Some of the latter developed eventually such adventurous ideas as to form as a reaction a much more conservative following generation. The conservative generation perfected the inherited tools and has uncovered and constructed the Standard Model. They themselves were followed by a less conservative generation. The new generation was presented with a seemingly complete description of the known forces. In order to go outside the severe constraints of the Standard Model the new generation has drawn upon some of the more adventurous ideas of the older generation as well as created it own ideas. In a way almost all accepted notions were challenged. In the past such an attitude has led to major discoveries such as relativity and quantum mechanics. In some cases it was carried too far, the discovery of the neutrino was initially missed as energy conservation was temporarily given up.
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van der Schaft, Arjan, and Bernhard Maschke. "Conservation Laws and Lumped System Dynamics." In Model-Based Control:, 31–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0895-7_3.

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Popov, Igor. "A Conservation Study Model." In In the Search of the Lost Pearl, 183–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66255-4_11.

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Meir, Eli, and Peter M. Kareiva. "Contributions of Spatially Explicit Landscape Models To Conservation Biology." In Conservation Biology, 497–507. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-6051-7_22.

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Persson, Annika B. "A Dynamic CGE Model of Deforestation in Costa Rica." In Biodiversity Conservation, 215–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0277-3_12.

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Meir, Eli, and Peter M. Kareiva. "Contributions of Spatially Explicit Landscape Models To Conservation Biology." In Conservation Biology, 497–507. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2880-4_22.

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McFarland, Brian Joseph. "Green Procurement Models." In Conservation of Tropical Rainforests, 551–608. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63236-0_15.

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Princée, F. P. G. "Ecological Models." In Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation, 83–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50032-4_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Modes de conservation"

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Gupta, M., and S. Singh. "Using Low-Power Modes for Energy Conservation in Ethernet LANs." In IEEE INFOCOM 2007 - 26th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/infcom.2007.299.

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Stotts, Steven A., and Robert A. Koch. "Energy conservation via coupled modes in waveguides with an impedance boundary condition." In 168th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America. Acoustical Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/2.0000026.

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King, Melvin E. "Nonlinear Modes in Systems With Strong Nonlinearities." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/vib-3949.

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Abstract In this paper, a symbolic/numeric method is developed to compute nonlinear normal modes (NNMs) in conservative, two-degree-of-freedom (2-DoF) systems. Based upon the notion of NNMs, periodic motions are sought during which the two coordinates ‘vibrate-in-unison’. By parameterizing the response of one coordinate with respect to the response of the other (reference) coordinate and by imposing conservation of energy, we obtain a nonlinear, singular ordinary differential equation. Approximate solutions for these modal functions are obtained, for a given energy level, via truncated power-series expansions. The coefficients of the expansion, along with the maximum and minimum reference displacements, are then computed by (i) symbolically evaluating the singular differential equation at various (distinct) reference displacements, and then (ii) numerically solving the resulting set of nonlinear algebraic equations. Since the approximate solution inherently depends upon the order of the expansion, convergence studies must be performed in order to ensure sufficient accuracy. Note that even though the formulation presented herein is based on 2-DoF systems, the methodology is quite general and can readily be extended to higher-order discrete systems. Moreover, since it does not rely upon any ‘small-quantity’ assumptions, it can be used to investigate the dynamics of coupled, strongly nonlinear systems.
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Yang, Dong, and Aimee S. Morgans. "Low-Order Network Modeling for Annular Combustors Exhibiting Longitudinal and Circumferential Modes." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-76506.

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Modern gas turbine combustors often have annular geometries. These are able to sustain thermoacoustic modes which vary in both the longitudinal and circumferential directions. Effects such as nonlinearity of the flame response to perturbations and differing burners around the annulus lead to the coupling of acoustic modes with different circumferential mode numbers. Such coupling renders differing spatial patterns of instability possible — for example purely longitudinal modes, circumferential standing modes, circumferential spinning modes, mixed modes and slanted modes. Accurately predicting the spatial pattern of limit cycle oscillations resulting from thermoacoustic instability remains an open challenge. This work develops a frequency domain low-order thermoacoustic network model for annular combustors which is notable in (i) accounting for both longitudinal and circumferential modes and (ii) allowing for generic acoustic boundary conditions at either end of the network. Linear acoustic waves are considered, with the different circumferential wavenumbers decoupled for sections both before and after the flames. Modal coupling occurs only at the flames, and is accounted for by summing all modal contributions prior to application of the flame models, and decomposing back into circumferential modes after application of flow conservation equations across the flames. By applying acoustic boundary conditions at either end of the network, an eigenvalue system is established which allows the thermoacoustic modes of the whole combustion system to be analysed. This low order modelling approach is applied to a simplified annular combustor set-up and is demonstrated to be able to capture limit cycles exhibiting longitudinal modes, circumferential spinning modes, circumferential standing modes and even the recently identified slanted modes.
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King, Melvin E., and Alexander F. Vakakis. "Nonlinear Normal Modes in a Class of Nonlinear Continuous Systems." In ASME 1993 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1993-0030.

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Abstract A general methodology is developed for computing the nonlinear normal modes of a class of undamped vibratory systems governed by nonlinear partial differential equations of motion. A nonlinear normal mode is defined as free motion during which all points of the system vibrate equiperiodically, reaching their extremum positions at the same instants of time. The analytical methodology is based on a previous work by Shaw and Pierre (1992b), where the displacements and velocities at any point of a structure were expressed as functions of the displacement and velocity of a single reference point. The dynamics of the continuous system were then restricted to invariant manifolds of the phase space. Motivated by the methodology presented by Shaw and Pierre, we express the displacement of an arbitrary point of the structure as a function of the displacement of a single reference point. Assuming undamped oscillations (and thus conservation of energy), a singular partial differential equation for the function relating the displacements is derived, and is subsequently solved using an asymptotic, power series methodology. Applications of the general theory are then given by computing the nonlinear normal modes of a simply supported beam resting on a nonlinear elastic foundation, and of a cantilever beam having geometric nonlinearities. The stability of the detected modes is then investigated by a linearized stability analysis.
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Chen, Haofeng, A. R. S. Ponter, and R. A. Ainsworth. "The Application of the Linear Matching Method to the Life Assessment Method R5: A Comparison." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71603.

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The Life Assessment Method R5 is widely used for the assessment of power plant at high temperatures. The procedure involves the application of a sequence of rules that provide margins of safety against a range of possible failure modes, plastic collapse, ratchetting, fatigue failure, creep rupture and creep/fatigue interaction. Within R5 this is achieved by using limit load and shakedown methods, combined with Neuber’s rule and the evaluation of elastic follow-up factors. In recent years, the Linear Matching Method has been developed so that it is capable of providing optimal solutions for each of these criteria, thereby giving less conservative margins of safety, but adopting the same use of material data as R5. The paper describes a detailed comparison between the approach currently used in R5 and the result of the application of the Linear Matching Method, for the entire range of failure modes and for a simple example. The purpose of this comparison is to assess the circumstances where Linear Matching Methods may have a distinct advantage over current methods. The example consists of a square plate containing a circular hole. The plate is subjected to uniaxial loading and a radial varying temperature field. For all failure modes the Linear Matching Method gives less conservative results compared with standard R5 methods. The differences can be very significant, particularly for the prediction of strength limits; limit load, shakedown load and ratchet limit. Significantly lower and less conservation elastic follow-up factors were also obtained. The comparison demonstrates the advantages of the Linear Matching Method in this context.
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Wei, Bing, Li Li, Jiang Lu, Luxiang Zong, and Zhiwei Wang. "Influence Factors of Energy Consumption in All Cold Outdoor Air Systems." In ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2006-99036.

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Nowadays the safety of the air conditioning systems is paid more attention to. All cold outdoor air systems due to their particular advantages such as credible safety, better indoor air quality, saving more building space and being in favor of the energy conservation in some given conditions [1] are discussed in this paper. The composing of all cold outdoor air system is outlined and the mathematical models of energy consumption evaluation are presented. With an actual example by using the method of equivalent weight full load operation time, the influence factors to the annual primary energy consumptions in all cold outdoor air systems, such as: the dew point temperature, the COP (Coefficient of Performance) of chiller, the equivalent weight full load operation time of chiller and the efficiency of enthalpy exchanger etc. are compared and analyzed. And the optimal application modes for energy conservation of all cold outdoor air systems are proposed. These can be good references for the application of all cold outdoor air systems.
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Ramadasan, Sudheesh, Longbin Tao, and Arun Kr Dev. "Vortex-Induced-Vibration of Jack-Ups With Cylindrical Legs in Regular Waves." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95764.

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Abstract A simple mathematical model is developed based on the single-degree-of-freedom analogy and principle of conservation of energy evaluating various modes of Vortex-Induced-Vibration (VIV) of a jack-up with cylindrical legs in regular waves. Similar to uniform current, mass ratio, damping ratio and mode factor are found to be the important parameters controlling the cross-flow VIV and radius of gyration also for the yaw VIV. Criteria for the initiation of the mentioned VIV modes are developed for the cases of a single 2D cylinder experiencing planar oscillatory flow, four rigidly coupled 2D cylinders in rectangular configuration experiencing planar oscillatory flow and jack-up experiencing regular waves. The newly developed VIV model is validated by a set of experiments conducted in a wind, wave and current flume. The importance of mass damping parameter is further demonstrated in suppressing VIV in regular waves. The mathematical method will equip engineers to consider the effect of VIV due to regular waves in jack-up designs.
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Lin, Zhen Xian, and Lin Fu. "Comparison and Analysis for the Differential Heating Modes in the Large-Scale CHP System." In ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2013-18296.

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With the process acceleration of China’s energy conservation and the full development of the market economy, the environmental protection is to coexist with the power plants’ benefits for thermal power plants. Relative to the traditional mode named “determining power by heat”, it is not adequate that the heating demand is only to be met, the maximizations of economy benefits and social benefits are also demanded. At present, several large-scale central heating modes are proposed by domestic and foreign scholars, such as the parallel arrangement and series arrangement of heating system for the traditional heating units and NCB heating units (NCB heating unit is a new condensing-extraction-backpressure steam turbine and used to generate the power and heat, it has the function of extraction heating turbine at constant power, back pressure turbine or extraction and back pressure heating turbine and extraction condensing heating turbine.), and running mode with heating units and absorbed heat pumps, and so on. Compare and analyze their heating efficiency, heating load, heating area, power generation, and the impact on the environment. The best heating mode can be found under the different boundary conditions, it can be used to instruct the further work. The energy utilization efficiency will be further improved.
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Geambazu, Serin. "Dynamics of public urban waterfront regeneration in Istanbul. The case of Halic Shipyard Conservation." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/rqqr4119.

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In the process of globalization, building on the particular spatial scenery of the waterfront, cities tend to refresh their strategies of development to adapt new trends of urban life with huge urban waterfront regeneration projects. These usually focus on a target of maximum marketing and construction of a new image-vision, which aims to represent the city in the global agenda. This aspect is depending on bigger changes in the urban context, the shift in government structures to entrepreneurial forms that involve externalization of state functions (Swyngedouw 2005; p. 1998). The rationale behind the phenomenon of waterfront regeneration and the global embracement of it is now “widely recognized if incompletely understood" (Hoyle 2001 pp. 297), as the relevant literature is based on case studies with focus on the examples of North American and European cities. The goal is to contribute to the more general, theoretical contention of urban waterfront regeneration in developing countries in understanding their dimensions in terms of governance and planning. The research tackles urban waterfront regeneration in Istanbul, Turkey by studying the most recent initiative of urban waterfront regeneration along Halic /The Golden Horn, the Halic Shipyard Conservation Project. The theoretical framework that underpins this study is derived from the discourse on new forms of urban governance including private, public and civic actors (Paquet 2001) that influence planning processes and project outcomes. To evaluate the planning process from a comprehensive governance perspective, indicators include: the legal framework, decision-making process, actors and their relations (Nuissl and Heinrichs 2010) and as normative the perspective of an inclusive planning approach (Healey 1997, 2006) helps to evaluate the planning process of the project. As urban waterfront regeneration literature is mostly based upon case study approaches, a critical overview of international examples is conducted. Both primary and secondary data is collected through: literature review, review of laws, review of official documents and land-use plans, an internship, 31 interviews, 91 questionnaires, participatory observation, a workshops, observation and photographs. The aim is to assess to which extend the top-down governance forms, but also bottom-up grass root empowerment influence the planning process and project outcomes, giving recommendations for an inclusive planning approach. The second aim is to evaluate the urban waterfront regeneration project studying its impact on the neighboring community. Bedrettin Neighborhood is chosen for analysis and its position in the planning process along with its needs are exposed. The thesis argues the modes in which along with clear targets for the improvement of the quality of life for the neighboring community, the urban waterfront regeneration project, Halic Shipyard Conservation Project, will be able to escape the current deadlocks and collisions between government, investors, resistance and local community and might have a chance to actually set an urgently needed precedent of a new planning culture in Istanbul.
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Reports on the topic "Modes de conservation"

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Lee, Kookjin, Kookjin Lee, Kookjin Lee, Kookjin Lee, Kevin Carlberg, and Kevin Carlberg. Deep Conservation: A latent dynamics model for exact satisfaction of physical conservation laws. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1569346.

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Greenberg, J. M. Discrete and continuous models of conservation laws. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/286179.

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Tate, Jr, and Charles H. Hydraulic Model Investigation: Soil Conservation Service Low Drop Structure Model Study. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada241213.

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Bartels, Duane G. Pataha Creek Model Watershed : 1998 Habitat Conservation Projects. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/752520.

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Bartels, Duane G. Pataha Creek Model Watershed : 1999 Habitat Conservation Projects. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/784172.

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Hills, Richard G. Addressing Model Form Error for Time-Dependent Conservation Equations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1490528.

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Blain, Cheryl A. Improvements to the Conservation Properties of FE-Based Models. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada629137.

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Gresho, P. M. Modification of the FEM3 model to ensure mass conservation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5644767.

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Author, Not Given. Recovery Act. Development of a Model Energy Conservation Training Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1191175.

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James, Natasha A. Using agent-based models to examine implications of introducing conservation auctions in Costa Rica: overview, design concepts, and details (ODD) protocol for a conservation auction agent-based model (CA-ABM). Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-gtr-245.

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