Journal articles: 'Modes of Transfer'

1

Liu, Rongfang, Ram M. Pendyala, and Steven Polzin. "Assessment of Intermodal Transfer Penalties Using Stated Preference Data." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1607, no. 1 (1997): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1607-11.

Full text

Abstract:

Since the passage of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 there has been an increasing interest in the planning and design of an intermodal passenger transportation system. It has long been recognized that modal transfer has a certain penalty associated with it. The recent surge in intermodal planning merits an in-depth examination and accurate measurement of the penalties associated with transfers between modes. Current planning procedures usually involve an ad hoc treatment of transfer penalties based on various assumptions of wait time and value of time. To better assess the disutility associated with modal transfers, discrete choice models are used to quantify transfer penalties and their effects on mode choice in different transfer contexts. Revealed and stated preference data from the New York–New Jersey commute corridors are used to estimate logit models of mode choice reflecting the impacts of modal transfers. The model results suggest that the penalty factor associated with transfer time should be higher than that traditionally used in travel demand models and that the value of the transfer penalty varies according to the type of modal transfer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Mattinson, F., M. Kira, and S. Stenholm. "Adiabatic transfer between cavity modes." Journal of Modern Optics 48, no. 5 (2001): 889–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500340108230960.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Sasirekha, K., and Aurelia Sagaya. "Modes of Data Transfer in Computer Architecture - A Comparison." Journal of Computer Based Parallel Programming 5, no. 1 (2020): 12–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3747343.

Full text

Abstract:

The paper is about introduction to computer architecture and modes of transfer. It briefly explains about three modes of data transfers such as programmed I/O, interrupt initiated I/O and direct memory access. The paper gives a short summary on input output processor, I/O command, I/O interface, peripheral devices, handshaking and strobe signal.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Linkmann, Moritz, Arjun Berera, Mairi McKay, and Julia Jäger. "Helical mode interactions and spectral transfer processes in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 791 (February 15, 2016): 61–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.43.

Full text

Abstract:

Spectral transfer processes in homogeneous magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are investigated analytically by decomposition of the velocity and magnetic fields in Fourier space into helical modes. Steady solutions of the dynamical system which governs the evolution of the helical modes are determined, and a stability analysis of these solutions is carried out. The interpretation of the analysis is that unstable solutions lead to energy transfer between the interacting modes while stable solutions do not. From this, a dependence of possible interscale energy and helicity transfers on the helicities of the interacting modes is derived. As expected from the inverse cascade of magnetic helicity in 3-D MHD turbulence, mode interactions with like helicities lead to transfer of energy and magnetic helicity to smaller wavenumbers. However, some interactions of modes with unlike helicities also contribute to an inverse energy transfer. As such, an inverse energy cascade for non-helical magnetic fields is shown to be possible. Furthermore, it is found that high values of the cross-helicity may have an asymmetric effect on forward and reverse transfer of energy, where forward transfer is more quenched in regions of high cross-helicity than reverse transfer. This conforms with recent observations of solar wind turbulence. For specific helical interactions the relation to dynamo action is established. The present analysis provides new theoretical insights into physical processes where inverse cascade and dynamo action are involved, such as the evolution of cosmological and astrophysical magnetic fields and laboratory plasmas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Litvinova, Elena. "Isospin transfer modes in exotic nuclei." EPJ Web of Conferences 93 (2015): 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20159301019.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Rahman, MS, R. Nasrin, and MI Hoque. "Heat-Mass Transfer of Nanofluid in Lid-Driven Enclosure under three Convective Modes." GANIT: Journal of Bangladesh Mathematical Society 38 (January 14, 2019): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ganit.v38i0.39787.

Full text

Abstract:

Heat is a form of energy which transfers between bodies which are kept under thermal interactions. When a temperature difference occurs between two bodies or a body with its surroundings, heat transfer occurs. Heat transfer occurs in three modes. Three modes of heat transfer are conduction, convection and radiation. Convection is a very important phenomenon in heat transfer applications and it occurs due to two different gradients, such as, temperature and concentration. This paper reports a numerical study on forced-mixed-natural convections within a lid-driven square enclosure, filled with a mixture of water and 2% concentrated Cu nanoparticles. It is assumed that the temperature difference driving the convection comes from the side moving walls, when both horizontal walls are kept insulated. In order to solve general coupled equations, a code based on the Galerkin's finite element method is used. To make clear the effect of using nanofluid on heat and mass transfers inside the enclosure, a wide range of the Richardson number, taken from 0.1 to 10 is studied. A fair degree of precision can be found between the present and previously published works. The phenomenon is analyzed through streamlines, isotherm and iso-concentration plots, with special attention to the Nusselt number and Sherwood number. The larger heat and mass transfer rates can be achieved with nanofluid than the base fluid for all conditions at Richardson number, Ri = 0.1 to 10. It has been found that the heat and mass transfer rate increase approximately 6% for water with the increase of Ri = 0.1 to 10, whereas these increase about 34% for nanofluid. GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc.Vol. 38 (2018) 73-83

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

BARBAGALLO, ALEXANDRE, DENIS SIPP, and PETER J. SCHMID. "Closed-loop control of an open cavity flow using reduced-order models." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 641 (November 30, 2009): 1–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112009991418.

Full text

Abstract:

The control of separated fluid flow by reduced-order models is studied using the two-dimensional incompressible flow over an open square cavity at Reynolds numbers where instabilities are present. Actuation and measurement locations are taken on the upstream and downstream edge of the cavity. A bi-orthogonal projection is introduced to arrive at reduced-order models for the compensated problem. Global modes, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) modes and balanced modes are used as expansion bases for the model reduction. The open-loop behaviour of the full and the reduced systems is analysed by comparing the respective transfer functions. This analysis shows that global modes are inadequate to sufficiently represent the input–output behaviour whereas POD and balanced modes are capable of properly approximating the exact transfer function. Balanced modes are far more efficient in this process, but POD modes show superior robustness. The performance of the closed-loop system corroborates this finding: while reduced-order models based on POD are able to render the compensated system stable, balanced modes accomplish the same with far fewer degrees of freedom.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Blynskaya, E. V., S. V. Tishkov, K. V. Alekseyev, and S. V. Minaev. "Mathematical models of the process of submlimationand optimization of lyophilization modes." Russian Journal of Biotherapy 17, no. 3 (2018): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1726-9784-2018-17-3-20-28.

Full text

Abstract:

The purposeof this study is to analyze methods of mathematical modeling for calculating the stage of primary sublimation, as the most important stage in lyophilization technology. Presented are mathematical formulas, equations for the calculation of heat and mass transfer processes, during the removal of 90 % of all frozen ice. A model is considered that takes into account the contribution of all thermal effects, including the transient energy balance, taking into account the heat transfer through the side wall of the vial and radiation, even if they are present in a small amount. The mathematical model can be used to optimize the lyophilization cycle, and also as tools for technological monitoring (using sensors based on models). The model considered in the article is a one-dimensional nonstationary state model in which the correct comprehensive transient energy balance has been introduced to describe the heat transfer through the glass of the vial, and the results are estimated using experimental data. The equations used in the simulation describe the mass and energy balances in the dried layer, taking into account the rate of adsorption/desorption of water at the interface, mass and heat transfer at the sublimation interface, as well as the energy balance of heat transfer in the wall of vials, shelf and other factors affecting the process of sublimation. Conclusions are made on the presented mathematical models and the characteristic of the direction of the process of optimization of primary sublimation in lyophilization technology is given.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Li, Xiang, Qipeng Yan, Yafeng Ma, and Chen Luo. "Spatially Varying Impacts of Built Environment on Transfer Ridership of Metro and Bus Systems." Sustainability 15, no. 10 (2023): 7891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15107891.

Full text

Abstract:

Public transport, especially bus and metro, are fundamental elements of sustainable transport systems. However, a dearth of research has been devoted to exploring the correlation between the built environment and the intermodal transfer modes that link bus and metro. To address this research gap, this study aims to explore the relationship between the built environment and transfer ridership by examining transfer ridership across different modes. First, this study uses Automatic Fare Collection (AFC) and Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) data collected in the city of Chengdu to identify the ridership of Metro-to-Bus (M-B) and Bus-to-Metro (B-M) transfer passengers using dynamic transfer time thresholds. A multi-scale geographically weighted regression model (MGWR) is employed to examine the impact of the built environment on M-B and B-M transfer modes and their scale effects. The findings demonstrate that the MGWR model is effective in capturing the spatial heterogeneity and scale effects of the interrelationships between different built environment factors in the M-B and B-M modes. Furthermore, the impact of different built environment factors on transfer ridership varies. In particular, the number of bus stops and lines have a more pronounced positive effect on promoting transfer ridership, while the density of non-motorway lanes has a significant negative effect. This research provides valuable insights for public transportation management and supports the seamless integration of bus and metro systems to optimize transfer services.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Purwar, Naman, Maximilian Meindl, and Wolfgang Polifke. "Comparison of Model Order Reduction Methods in Thermo-Acoustic Stability Analysis." J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power 144, no. 2 (2021): 021004. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4052096.

Full text

Abstract:

Model order reduction (MOR) can play a pivotal role in reducing the cost of repeated computations of large thermo-acoustic models required for comprehensive stability analysis and optimization. In this proof-of-concept study, acoustic wave propagation is modeled with a one-dimensional (1D) network approach, while acoustic–flame interactions are modeled by a flame transfer function (FTF). Three reduction techniques are applied to the acoustic subsystem: firstly modal truncation (MT) based on preserving the acoustic eigenmodes, and then two approaches that strive to preserve the input–output transfer behavior of the acoustic subsystem, i.e., truncated balanced realization (TBR) and iterative rational Krylov algorithm (IRKA). After reduction, the reduced-order models (ROMs) are coupled with the FTF. Results show that the coupled reduced system from MT accurately captures thermo-acoustic cavity modes with weak influence of the flame, but fails for cavity modes strongly influenced by the flame as well as for intrinsic thermo-acoustic (ITA) modes. On the contrary, the coupled ROMs generated with the other two methods accurately predict all types of modes. It is concluded that reduction techniques based on preserving transfer behavior are more suitable for thermo-acoustic stability analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Tang, Zhiguo, Anqi Song, Shoucheng Wang, Jianping Cheng, and Changfa Tao. "Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer Mechanism of Thermal Runaway Propagation for Cylindrical Lithium-ion Cells in Battery Module." Energies 13, no. 4 (2020): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13041010.

Full text

Abstract:

An electrochemical-thermal coupling model combined with an electrically connected cylindrical cell model was built to produce a structural design that prevents thermal runaway propagation of cells on the battery module. Additionally, the characteristics of different modes of heat transfer of each cell during thermal runaway propagation of the battery module in an open environment were studied by changing the spacing of adjacent cells, the solder joint area, and the cross-sectional area of the electrode tab. Heat conduction is usually the main heat transfer mode for cells directly connected to the thermal runaway cell, while radiation heat transfer is the main heat exchange mode for cells that are not directly connected to thermal runaway cell. Increasing spacing can prevent thermal runaway propagation by the three heat transfer modes. Similarly, a smaller total solder joint area and cross-sectional area of the electrode tab can inhibit thermal runaway propagation through heat conduction transfer modes if conditions permit.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Dixit, Malvika, Ties Brands, Niels van Oort, Oded Cats, and Serge Hoogendoorn. "Passenger Travel Time Reliability for Multimodal Public Transport Journeys." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 2 (2019): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118825459.

Full text

Abstract:

Urban transit networks typically consist of multiple modes and the journeys may involve a transfer within or across modes. Therefore, the passenger experience of travel time reliability is based on the whole journey experience including the transfers. Although the impact of transfers on reliability has been highlighted in the literature, the existing indicators either focus on unimodal transfers only or fail to include all components of travel time in reliability measurement. This study extends the existing “reliability buffer time” metric to transit journeys with multimodal transfers and develops a methodology to calculate it using a combination of smartcard and automatic vehicle location data. The developed methodology is applied to a real-life case study for the Amsterdam transit network consisting of bus, metro, and tram lines. By using a consistent method for all journeys in the network, reliability can be compared between different transit modes or between multiple routes for the same origin–destination pair. The developed metric can be used to study the reliability impacts of policies affecting multiple transit modes. It can also be used as an input to behavioral models such as mode, route, or departure time choice models.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Podvalny, S. L., and E. M. Vasiljev. "Intensification of heat transfer in chaotic modes." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1035, no. 1 (2021): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1035/1/012046.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Korencic, Dragana, Carla Polycarpo, Ivana Weygand-Durasevic, and Dieter Söll. "Differential Modes of Transfer RNASerRecognition inMethanosarcina barkeri." Journal of Biological Chemistry 279, no. 47 (2004): 48780–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m408753200.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Grabezhnaya, V., A. Mikheyev, and A. Kryukov. "ON THE EFFECT OF OXYGEN IMPURITIES ON HEAT TRANSFER AT TRANSVERSAL FLOW OF STEAM-GENERATING TUBES IN NORMAL HEAT TRANSFER MODES AND WITH LEAD FREEZE." PROBLEMS OF ATOMIC SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. SERIES: NUCLEAR AND REACTOR CONSTANTS 2020, no. 3 (2020): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.55176/2414-1038-2020-3-135-147.

Full text

Abstract:

The BREST-OD-300 steam generator project being developed at NIKIET is pioneering both in terms of the heat carrier used (lead) and in design implementation (coils of helical heat transfer tubes). The advantages of the designs of steam generators made in the form of helical coiled tubes, in comparison with straight tube designs are obvious. Helical coiled tubes are used in heat exchange equipment not only to increase the heat transfer surface, to solve the problem of thermal expansion, but also to increase the coefficient of heat transfer to the fluid flowing inside the tubes. In 2011-2017 years the thermohydraulic tests of various models of lead-heated steam generator were carried out at the IPPE SPRUT facility (IPPE). The test program was aimed to study the heat transfer and the thermal-hydraulic stability of the steam generating tubes. Throughout the entire range of changes in operating parameters, no pulsating modes were detected with overturn of circulation in the water circuit. The design temperatures of superheated steam were obtained in nominal operation. The results provide extensive information on water heat transfer in different zones of the steam generating channel under various operating conditions (nominal and partial modes, starting modes). However, to verify the computer codes, experimental data on the heat transfer of lead coolant around the bundles of heat transfer tubes are necessary. Due to the small twist angle of the tubes in a full-scale steam generator, it can be said that heat transfer is close to heat transfer during transverse flow. A model with a transverse flow of lead coolant around steam-generating tubes was developed at the SSC RF - IPPE. The main goal of the research was to obtain data on the effect of oxygen concentration in lead on heat transfer in normal heat transfer modes and with lead freezing. Throughout the entire range of changes in the initial temperature values of lead and water, blocking of the annular space by frozen lead was not recorded.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Cetinkunt, Sabri, and Wen-Lung Yu. "Closed-Loop Behavior of a Feedback-Controlled Flexible Arm: A Comparative Study." International Journal of Robotics Research 10, no. 3 (1991): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/027836499101000307.

Full text

Abstract:

The dynamics of mechanical systems with distributed flexi bility are described by infinite-dimensional mathematical models. In order to design afinite-dimensional controller, a finite-dimensional model of the system is needed. The con trol problem of a flexible beam is a typical example. The general practice in obtaining a finite-dimensional model is to use modal approximation for distributed flexibility, retain a finite number of modes, and truncate the rest. In this approx imation, the appropriate selection of the mode shape func tions and the number of modes is not clearly known. Mostly standard pinned-free and clamped-free mode shapes are used for the flexible beam model, retaining only two or three modes and truncating the rest. The actual system, on the other hand, is infinite-dimensional, and the modes describing its flexible behavior under feedback control would be neither pinned-free nor clamped-free boundary condition modes. Rather, the mode shapes themselves are a function of the feedback control. The infinite-dimensional transcendental transfer functions for a flexible beam are formulated without any modal ap proximation. Finite-dimensional transfer functions with different shapes and numbers of modes are formulated. The closed-loop performance predictions of different models under the same colocated and noncolocated controllers, which attempt to achieve high closed-loop bandwidth, are compared. Results are surprisingly consistent in all cases; the predictions of clamped-free mode shape models are much more accurate than the predictions of the pinned-free mode shape models.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Kuznetsov, Alexander M. "Inertial and inertialess vibrational modes in charge transfer: a simple model." Chemical Physics 166, no. 3 (1992): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(92)80090-i.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Tencer, John, and John R. Howell. "Coupling radiative heat transfer in participating media with other heat transfer modes." Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 38, no. 5 (2015): 1473–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40430-015-0434-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Lobanov, I. E. "Modeling of intensified heat exchange in channels with diaphragms in laminar, transitional and turbulent regions for promising heat exchangers of rocket and space technology." Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences 52, no. 1 (2025): 6–12. https://doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2025-52-1-6-12.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective. The aim of the study is numerical low-Reynolds modeling of heat transfer in a pipe with protrusions of semicircular transverse profiles with Reynolds criteria characteristic of laminar, transitional and turbulent flows of coolants.Method. Implemented by the method (FCOM-om) in the article, both local and integral, both stationary and non-stationary characteristics of flow and heat transfer in a pipe with internal ribs were generated in transient and laminar flow modes of the coolant, which made it possible to determine for these modes the levels of heat transfer intensification, which satisfactorily correlate with the available experimental data.Result. The successful modeling of air heat transfer in pipes with turbulators based on the low-Reynolds Mentor model at high Reynolds numbers up to one million determines the promising modeling of heat transfer in pipes with turbulators by this method and at higher Reynolds numbers.Conclusion. Therefore, the applied model adequately describes the realized phenomena of intensified heat transfer for laminar, transient and turbulent modes of coolant flows with a wide range of Prandtl numbers. The obtained patterns can be used in the engineering and scientific calculation of intensified laminar, transient and turbulent heat transfer during flow in channels with protrusions used in promising heat exchangers used, among other things, in aviation and rocket and space technology.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Tezcan, Huseyın Onur, Fatih Yonar, and Sabahat Topuz Kiremitci. "A Mode Choice Model for a Public Transport Transfer Center in Istanbul." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 606–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.606.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to understand the reasons behind the mode choice preferences of passengers using a public transport transfer center. For this aim, a questionnaire data obtained at an interim transfer center in Istanbul is utilized. This interim center hosts stops for paratransit, bus and metro modes. A multinomial logit model of modal preferences is estimated and the coefficient results of this model are used to analyze and compare modes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Hua, Bing, and Zhujun Shao. "Low-Thrust Transfer Design of Low-Observable Geostationary Earth Orbit Satellite." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/439815.

Full text

Abstract:

With radar and surface-to-air missiles posing an increasing threat to on-orbit spacecraft, low-observable satellites play an important role in low-thrust transfers. This paper presents the design for a low-thrust geostationary earth orbit (GEO) transfer control strategy which takes into consideration the low-observable constraint and discusses Earth shadow and perturbation. A control parameter optimization addresses the orbit transfer problem, and five thrust modes are used. Simulation results show that the method outlined in this paper is simple and feasible and results in reduced transfer time with a small amount of calculation. The method therefore offers a useful reference for low-thrust GEO transfer design.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

A. Britania, Glaiza, and Elisa N. Chua. "Learning Transfer Traits, Modes, and Challenges in the Distance Learning Modality in Promoting the Professional Productivity of the Elementary Teachers." International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 3, no. 4 (2021): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54476/iimrj213.

Full text

Abstract:

The study aimed to determine how the learning transfer traits, modes, and challenges during modular distance learning affect the teacher’s professional productivity. Furthermore, this attempted to determine if there is a significant relationship between learning transfer traits, modes, and challenges and that professional productivity as to mentoring, personal leadership, and self-efficacy. Using a descriptive correlational method, it involved 145 teachers from the five big schools in Sariaya West District during the modular distance learning. A survey questionnaire was utilized to know how the learning transfer traits, modes, and challenges affect the professional productivity of the teachers. The results revealed that there is a significant relationship between learning transfer traits, modes, and challenges and that professional productivity as to mentoring, personal leadership, and self-efficacy. It showed that the transfer of learning traits of the respondents is observed as described as to their knowledge, skills, personality, and motivation. The teachers practiced learning transfer modes like overlooks, replicates, integrates, and innovates. The teacher-respondents during the distance learning often experienced challenges as to work environment, modalities, the opportunity to transfer, technical competency, and teacher’s readiness. Teacherrespondents are professionally described as productive in terms of mentoring, personal leadership, and self-efficacy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Wu, Pan, Jinlong Li, Yuzhuang Pian, et al. "How Determinants Affect Transfer Ridership between Metro and Bus Systems: A Multivariate Generalized Poisson Regression Analysis Method." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (2022): 9666. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159666.

Full text

Abstract:

Understanding the determinants of transfer ridership is important for providing insights into improving the attractiveness of transit systems and building reliable and resilient metro stations. This study focuses on the transfer ridership between bus and metro systems under different dates and severe weather conditions to quantify the impacts of various attributes on the transfer ridership of different transfer modes (metro-to-bus and bus-to-metro). A multivariate generalized Poisson regression (GPR) model is applied to investigate the effects of critical factors on the transfer ridership of different transfer modes on weekdays, holidays, and typhoon days, respectively. The results indicate that the transfer-related variables, real-time weather, socioeconomic characteristics, and built environment significantly affect the transfer ridership. Concretely, the influence of socioeconomic and demographic factors on transfer ridership is the most significant on different types of dates, which is approximately 1.19 to 9.28 times that of the other variables. Weather variables have little effect on transfer ridership on weekdays, but they have a more significant impact on the transfer ridership on holidays and typhoon days. Specifically, during typhoons, transfer ridership is more affected by the weather factors: the coefficients are about 2.36 to 4.74 times higher than that in the other periods. Moreover, under strong wind speed, heavy rain, and high-temperature conditions, transfer ridership of the metro-to-bus mode significantly increases. In contrast, transfer ridership of the bus-to-metro mode rapidly decreases. Additionally, the peak hours have a strong positive influence on the transfer ridership, and the average hourly transfer ridership during peak hours is 1.16 to 4.02 times higher than that during the other periods. These findings indicate that the effect of each factor on transfer ridership varies with dates and transfer modes. This can also provide support for improving metro stations and increasing the attractiveness of public transport.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Guo, Bingyong, and John V. Ringwood. "Examination of the virtues of parametric energy coupling in wave energy conversion." International Marine Energy Journal 5, no. 2 (2022): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36688/imej.5.219-226.

Full text

Abstract:

Parametric resonance has been observed, both numerically and experimentally, in various studies of wave energy converters (WECs). Large heave motions induce a periodic variation in the metacentric height of a WEC body and, consequently, cause a harmonic variation in pitch/roll restoring coefficients, which can parametrically excite the pitch/roll modes. Current studies attempt to determine the onset conditions of parametric resonance, by detecting the boundaries between stable and unstable regions in the parameter space. In the literature, some studies aim to make use of parametric resonance for improving power capture. In contrast, some studies try to suppress the effect of parametric resonance, as it can reduce power capture efficiency in the primary degree of freedom. However, how energy transfers from one mode to another is not fully understood. This study aims to analyse energy transfer between heave and pitch/roll modes when parametric resonance occurs. A generic cylindrical point absorber is studied as a WEC floater to consider non-linear wave-structure interaction, including non-linear Froude-Krylov and viscous forces. A heave-pitch-roll three-degree-of-freedom model is derived for numerical study of the energy transfer between different operational modes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

GIESE, KAI, DORON LAHAV, and OLIVER KÜHN. "ON THE MULTIDIMENSIONALITY OF INTRAMOLECULAR HYDROGEN BOND DYNAMICS: HYDROGEN TRANSFER AND IVR IN 3,7-DICHLOROTROPOLONE." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 03, no. 04 (2004): 567–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633604001264.

Full text

Abstract:

In this work, we investigate the intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution associated with the hydrogen transfer in a derivative of tropolone, namely 3,7-dichlorotropolone. Our quantum simulation is based on the Cartesian reaction surface Hamiltonian together with the multi-configurational time-dependent Hartree approach for the wave-packet propagation. We compare results for two model systems with 6 and 14 dimensions, respectively. The 6D model accounts for the most strongly coupled modes, whereas the 14D model includes further modes with significantly weaker couplings. The linear absorption spectrum of both models shows the development of an OH-stretching band. Furthermore the results show that despite the fact, that the additional modes in the 14D system couple significantly weaker, there are qualitative differences in the decay behavior of an OH-stretching excitation. Limitations of the present reaction surface approach are also discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Zhao, Xing, Yan Li, and Han Xia. "Behavior decision model for park-and-ride facilities utilization." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 7 (2017): 168781401770890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814017708907.

Full text

Abstract:

With the accelerated process of urbanization and traffic development, especially the urban rail transit system’s great improvement, Park-and-Ride provides an effective mode for trips between suburbs and downtown. In this research, online and field survey is carried out on the use of Park-and-Ride facilities. Analyses are conducted on personal attributes containing gender, age, and income; the travel characteristics such as driving time during departing from origin to parking lot, parking duration, transfer mode, transfer walking time and waiting time, and transfer times; Park-and-Ride users’ intentions concerned walking time, waiting time, and time looking for parking space; and reasons for Park-and-Ride trip mode not be chosen. On the basis of decomposition for travel procedures, impedance models for different trip modes including public transport, private car, and Park-and-Ride are built and then the multinomial logit model for choice probability of trip modes and Park-and-Ride demand model is established. After further analysis on the survey data, calibrations and tests for the impedance models above are performed. Finally, a case is shown to demonstrate application of the proposed model.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Rabady, Rabi I. "Modes of Heat Transfer in the Leidenfrost Effect." Heat Transfer Research 41, no. 2 (2010): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/heattransres.v41.i2.20.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Tunney, Richard J., and Gerry T. M. Altmann. "Two modes of transfer in artificial grammar learning." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 27, no. 3 (2001): 614–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.27.3.614.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Pereverzev, Andrey, Eric R. Bittner, and Irene Burghardt. "Energy and charge-transfer dynamics using projected modes." Journal of Chemical Physics 131, no. 3 (2009): 034104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3174447.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Yuksel, Anil, Edward T. Yu, Michael Cullinan, and Jayathi Murthy. "Investigation of heat transfer modes in plasmonic nanoparticles." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 156 (August 2020): 119869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.119869.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Chelladurai, A. M., K. A. Gopal, S. Murugan, S. Venugopal, and T. Jayakumar. "Energy Transfer Modes in Pulsed Laser Seam Welding." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 30, no. 2 (2014): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2014.965829.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Lenaz, G., Carla Bovina, Cinzia Castelluccio, et al. "Modes of coenzyme Q function in electron transfer." Protoplasma 184, no. 1-4 (1995): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01276901.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Ouyang, Jiaqi, Mingjian Li, Yanping Lian, Siyi Peng, and Changmeng Liu. "A Fast Prediction Model for Liquid Metal Transfer Modes during the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Process." Materials 16, no. 7 (2023): 2911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16072911.

Full text

Abstract:

The liquid metal transfer mode in wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), plays an important role in determining the build quality. In this study, a fast prediction model based on the Young–Laplace equation, momentum equation, and energy conservation, is proposed, to identify the metal transfer modes, including droplet, liquid bridge, and wire stubbing, for a given combination of process parameters. To close the proposed model, high-fidelity numerical simulations are applied, to obtain the necessary inputs required by the former. The proposed model’s accuracy and effectiveness are validated by using experimental data and high-fidelity simulation results. It is proved that the model can effectively predict the transition from liquid bridge, to droplet and wire stubbing modes. In addition, its errors in dripping frequency and liquid bridge height range from 6% to 18%. Moreover, the process parameter windows about transitions of liquid transfer modes have been established based on the model, considering wire feed speed, travel speed, heat source power, and material parameters. The proposed model is expected to serve as a powerful tool for the guidance of process parameter optimization, to achieve high-quality builds.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Gyamfi, Albert. "The Impact of Media Richness on the Usage of Web 2.0 Services for Knowledge Transfer." International Journal of E-Services and Mobile Applications 8, no. 2 (2016): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijesma.2016040102.

Full text

Abstract:

The study investigates the impact of the use of web 2.0 applications on knowledge transfer in the Cocoa Sector in Ghana. Transferring knowledge via social media websites has received widespread attention by organizations. However, in most developing countries like Ghana, knowledge transfer still remains a major challenge, especially in the Cocoa Sector. The selection of media for a given task depends on the richness of the media and the characteristics of the task. The four modes of knowledge transfer theorized by Nonaka, require the use of media with varying degrees of richness. The study proposed that the usage of web 2.0 applications for the different modes of knowledge transfer can be affected by their media richness. And the use of web 2.0 applications for the knowledge transfer modes can influence knowledge transfer success. The study was conducted using a mixed method approach with a survey questionnaire. The results of the data analysis confirmed that the media richness of the selected web 2.0 applications affect their usage for the different modes of knowledge transfer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Liu, Ning, Xuewen Wang, Jinpeng Yuan, Liantuan Xiao, Suotang Jia, and Lirong Wang. "Manipulation of the orbital angular momentum via four-wave mixing in Rb vapor." Laser Physics Letters 20, no. 3 (2023): 035204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1612-202x/acb43d.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The manipulation of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) contributes to understand the OAM multiplexing, is significant in free-space optical communication and information processing. We theoretically simulate and experimentally demonstrate the regularity of the OAM transfer, including the angular and radial modes, of Laguerre–Gaussian beam via four-wave mixing process in 85Rb vapor. The 420 nm coherent blue light output field inherits the phase characteristic of 780 nm and 776 nm beams with different OAM modes. The output field OAM modes show the transfer as a typical arithmetic operation of the input field OAM modes with equal-handed angular indice l, while, the conversion between angular and radial modes occurs with the opposite angular indice l. Such rules of the OAM transfer and manipulation have implications on the research of high-capacity information transfer and quantum communication.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Harikrishna Bommala. "Improving Data Transfer Performance to Unlock Potential of Cloud Service Providers." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 11s (2024): 850–58. https://doi.org/10.52783/jes.7302.

Full text

Abstract:

Efficient data transfer among CSPs is essential for the performance of cloud computing's basic operations, such as migration and disaster recovery. In this research, a novel approach to enhance data transmission performance using DTNs is presented. Using DTNs wisely, the proposed method enhances the speed and reliability of sending huge volumes of data across several CSPs. Coordinating local and remote copy operations is also a part of the process as well as a mechanism for DTN-to-DTN transfers. Optimized network settings with NFS connections maximized data transfer speed. In order to optimize the network, we carried out a battery of experiments to determine the best setting by varying network buffer size, synchronous and asynchronous modes, among others. With asynchronous modes and the best possible NFS settings, results showed a dramatic improvement in data transmission speed. The method is scalable and reliable when looking to address the challenge of inter-cloud improvements with regard to data transfer within a multi-cloud environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

You, Bo, Dong Jie Li, and Jiang Yan Qiu. "Telerobot Control System with Petri Net-Based Multi-Control Modes Transfer in Due Time." Key Engineering Materials 392-394 (October 2008): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.392-394.278.

Full text

Abstract:

Man-machine cooperative teleoperation and multi-control modes transfer in due time are the key problems that the telerobot system must deal with. That is the intelligence of the operator and the robot in the system should be distributed appropriately according to the current task state. The current task state of the telerobot system should be evaluated to solve these problems. So the telerobot control system is built with current task state evaluation after analyzing system control modes. For the control modes transfer in due time, its Petri Net (PN) model is built and it is simulated with the Stateflow module of Matlab. Simulation results show the validity and rationality of the model.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Sapozhnikov, V. B., V. Yu Mityakov, A. V. Mityakov, A. V. Vintsarevich, and D. V. Gerasimov. "Using Gradient Heat Flux Measurement to Experimentally Determine Local Heat Transfer Coefficient on Combustion Chamber Surface in a Diesel Engine." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Mechanical Engineering, no. 4 (127) (August 2019): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0236-3941-2019-4-87-96.

Full text

Abstract:

We used gradient thermometry to determine local heat transfer coefficients on the fire deck surface. We studied two modes of engine operation, that is, motored and fired. We show that the heat transfer coefficient distribution over the fire deck surface is inhomogeneous. Our investigation results may be used to validate existing models of heat transfer in a combustion chamber.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Hofmann, Tobias, Matthieu Dubarry, Jacob Hamar, Simon Erhard, and Jan Philipp Schmidt. "Transfer Learning from Synthetic Data for SOH Estimation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 3 (2024): 364. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-023364mtgabs.

Full text

Abstract:

Public data on battery cell and battery pack aging, especially accessible from outside the automotive industry, is scarce. Scaling up from cell to pack level is not straightforward, as it requires an understanding of the underlying inhomogeneities and degradation patterns. Within the automotive industry, comprehensive time-series data on battery pack or battery electric vehicle aging is also limited due to high costs and data privacy concerns related to customer fleet data. Moreover, it is nearly impossible to capture the vast array of possible aging trajectories in controlled experiments. Such datasets, however, are essential for diagnosis and forecast of battery pack aging in the field, as well as for developing data-driven methods for state estimation. In this work, we introduce a fast, publicly available, battery pack aging data simulation toolbox based on pristine half-cell potential measurements at various C-rates. This toolbox enables the generation of constant-current charging events at different C-rates and can simulate any conceivable aging path. The modular framework allows users to adjust individual cell parameters, including state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), and degradation modes. Utilizing pristine half-cell potential measurements from a modern automotive lithium-ion battery, we create an initial cell model. This model, founded on the ‘alawa-toolbox [1], is validated with experimental data from a laboratory dataset. As Figure 1 illustrates, we construct a battery pack model by serially and parallelly connecting multiple cell models, incorporating intermediate resistances. This pack model reflects the configuration of a physical battery pack and permits modifications to SOC, SOH, degradation modes, and lead resistances. We collect time-series data from partial charging events of development vehicles at various aging states and use this data to calibrate our model by minimizing the discrepancy between simulated and measured voltage curves. Our model allows users to simulate and analyze the evolution of battery pack asymmetries, creating a digital twin to monitor aging impacts and identify the "weakest" cell for early damage detection and intervention. Giving every user the opportunity to generate big data from our toolbox expedites the development of data-driven SOH estimation or open-circuit voltage (OCV) reconstruction models. Future research will explore the use of synthetic data to develop state estimation algorithms applicable to various chemistries and configurations, including the analysis and validation against real customer fleet data, their battery pack aging and asymmetry patterns. Our work represents a significant advancement in facilitating access to battery and battery electric vehicle aging data, thereby reducing barriers in this research field. We anticipate that our contribution will hasten the development of data-driven methods at the battery pack level. [1] M. Dubarry, C. Truchot, B. Y. Liaw, Synthesize battery degradation modes via a diagnostic and prognostic model, Journal of Power Sources 219 (2012) 204-216, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.07.016. Figure 1

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Leshchev, Volodimir, Igor Maslov, Oleksandr Palagin, and Andrii Naydyonov. "Transfer Function for a Controllable Pitch Propeller with Added Water Mass." Polish Maritime Research 30, no. 4 (2023): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2023-0060.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The relevance of this study lies in the fact that it presents a mathematical model of the dynamics of the propulsion system of a ship that takes into consideration the mass of water added to it. The influence of this phenomenon on the resonant frequencies of the propeller shaft is examined, and a transfer function for a controllable-pitch propeller is obtained for various operating modes. The purpose of the study is to improve the calculation of the dynamic operating modes of a controllable-pitch propeller by examining the features of a visual models. The VisSim software package is used in the study. A visual model is developed that considers the influence of the rotational speed on the value of the rotational inertia attached to the variable-pitch screw of the mass of water, and a special transfer function is proposed. The study shows that a transfer function of this type has a loop enabling negative feedback. An analysis of the operation of the propeller shaft at its resonant frequency is conducted based on the application of frequency characteristics using the transfer functions obtained. We show that in the low-frequency region, a consideration of the added rotational inertia using the proposed transfer function leads to a significant difference compared to the result obtained with the existing calculation method.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Liu, Xiao Yu, Jiang Shao, Xing Hao Wang, and Feng Ming Lu. "Research Progress on Electrostatic Discharge Failure Models in Semiconductor Materials." Advanced Materials Research 548 (July 2012): 527–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.548.527.

Full text

Abstract:

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is a single, fast, high current transfer of electrostatic charge between two objects at different electrostatic potentials, and it is one of the most important failure mechanisms in integrated circuits due to their complex operation condition. The modes, mechanism, and models of the ESD failure were discussed. Firstly failure modes of ESD were classified and the failure mechanisms were described. Then three failure models including Wunsch and Bell model, Speakman model and Tasca model were summarized. The differences of the assumption and application area of these models were discussed in detail later. At last, suggestions for future studying ESD physics of failure model were proposed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

YAN, ZU WEI, and X. X. LIANG. "TRANSFER MATRIX METHOD FOR ELECTRON-IO-PHONON INTERACTION IN ASYMMETRIC DOUBLE-BARRIER STRUCTURES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 15, no. 27 (2001): 3539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979201007804.

Full text

Abstract:

Within the framework of the dielectric continuum model, the interface-optical (IO) phonon modes and their interaction with electrons in an asymmetric double-barrier structure is studied by using a transfer matrix method. The dispersion equation of IO phonon modes and the electron-IO-phonon (e-IO-p) interaction Hamiltonian are derived. It is found that there are eight branches of IO-phonon modes coupling with electrons besides the confined LO-phonon modes. The numerical results are obtained for several GaAs/Al x Ga 1-x As systems. It is seen that the contributions of long-wavelength phonons to the e-IO-p coupling are important. The e-IO-p coupling related to the IO modes with the GaAs LO-frequency (phonon energy 36.25 meV) at the long-wavelength limit is strongest in the eight branches of IO-phonon modes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Cui, Qiang, and Martin Karplus. "Promoting Modes and Demoting Modes in Enzyme-Catalyzed Proton Transfer Reactions: A Study of Models and Realistic Systems." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 106, no. 32 (2002): 7927–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp0205057.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Smith, T. F., C. Beckermann, and S. W. Weber. "Combined Conduction, Natural Convection, and Radiation Heat Transfer in an Electronic Chassis." Journal of Electronic Packaging 113, no. 4 (1991): 382–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905424.

Full text

Abstract:

A numerical study of the combined heat transfer by conduction, natural convection, and radiation in a sealed electronic package is reported. The goal of the study is to investigate the importance of the various heat transfer modes, the effectiveness of different heat transfer paths, and the impact of a number of design changes on the overall thermal performance of a typical electronic package. The package consists of an enclosure containing three printed circuit boards on which are mounted various heat-generating electronic components. Heat transfer processes at both small (i.e., inside a component) and large (i.e., the package) scales as well as all heat transfer modes are included simultaneously in the numerical model. Both one and two-dimensional radiation is considered. Results are presented in terms of streamline and isotherm plots and average temperatures and heat transfer rates. Overall, the numerical data show favorable agreement with available empirical data. One significant conclusion is that natural convection inside the enclosure has only a minor effect on the heat transfer in the present system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Panchenko, Oleg, Dmitry Kurushkin, Fedor Isupov, Anton Naumov, Ivan Kladov, and Margarita Surenkova. "Gas Metal Arc Welding Modes in Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V." Materials 14, no. 9 (2021): 2457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092457.

Full text

Abstract:

In wire arc additive manufacturing of Ti-alloy parts (Ti-WAAM) gas metal arc welding (GMAW) can be applied for complex parts printing. However, due to the specific properties of Ti, GMAW of Ti-alloys is complicated. In this work, three different types of metal transfer modes during Ti-WAAM were investigated: Cold Metal Transfer, controlled short circuiting metal transfer, and self-regulated metal transfer at a direct current with a negative electrode. Metal transfer modes were studied using captured waveform and high-speed video analysis. Using these modes, three walls were manufactured; the geometry preservation stability was estimated and compared using effective wall width calculation, the microstructure was analyzed using optical microscopy. Transfer process data showed that arc wandering depends not only on cathode spot instabilities, but also on anode processing properties. Microstructure analysis showed that each produced wall consists of phases and structures inherent for Ti-WAAM. α-basketweave in the center of and α-colony on the grain boundary of epitaxially grown β-grains were found with heat affected zone bands along the height of the walls, so that the microstructure did not depend on metal transfer dramatically. However, the geometry preservation stability was higher in the wall, produced with controlled short circuiting metal transfer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Feng, Xiu Zhen, and Ji Qing Liu. "Monitoring on Mode Selection for Technology Transfer Based on Regional Sustainable Development." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 3864–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.3864.

Full text

Abstract:

The selection mode for technology transfer plays a significant role along with whole process of technology transfer because its methods and approaches could impact the progress and effect of technology transfer, which also fundamentally influence on regional sustainable development. To construct a selection model for monitoring technology transfer, we firstly examined influential factors related with technology transfer from four perspectives, such as regional development, supplies and recipient of technology, transferred technology and transfer modes. Then we drafted a roadmap for technology transfer, and built up the selection model of technology transfer mode with multivariate conditional LOGIT theory. The research contribution in this paper could be used for monitoring on mode selection for technology transfer, which could influence on regional sustainable development both directly and indirectly.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Wu, Jingxian, Min Yang, Shangjue Sun, and Jingyao Zhao. "Modeling Travel Mode Choices in Connection to Metro Stations by Mixed Logit Models: A Case Study in Nanjing, China." PROMET - Traffic&Transportation 30, no. 5 (2018): 549–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v30i5.2623.

Full text

Abstract:

Urban rail transit trips usually involve multiple stages, which can be differentiated in terms of transfers that may involve distinct access and egress modes. Most studies on access and egress mode choices of urban rail transit have separately examined the two mode choices. However, in reality, the two choices are temporally correlated. This study, therefore, has sequentially applied the mixed logit to examine the contributors of access and egress mode choices of urban metro commuters using the data from a recent survey conducted in Nanjing, China. 9 typical multimodal combinations constituted by 5 main access modes (walk, bike, electric bike, bus, and car) and 2 main egress modes (walk and bus) are included in the study. The result proves that the model is reliable and reproductive in analyzing access/egress mode choices of metro commuters. Estimation results prove the existence of time constraint and service satisfaction effect of access trip on commuters’ egress mode choice and reveal the importance of transfer infrastructure and environments that serve for biking, walking, bus riding, and car parking in commuter’s connection choice. Also, policy implications are segmentally concluded for the transfer needs of commuters in different groups to encourage the use of metro multimodal trips.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Liu, Guo Qiang, Chang De Wang, Guang Hua Guan, and Yi Bo Yan. "Modeling, Simulation and Automatic Control of Long Distance Water Transfer in Winter." Advanced Materials Research 304 (July 2011): 322–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.304.322.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to automatically control the long distance water transfer in winter, mathematic models, modes of water transfer in winter, operation methods and control models of long distance canal system are introduced. After receiving the cold current forecast, the discharges must be reduced so as to decrease the flow velocity. When the flow velocities are all below 0.4m/s, ice flowers will accumulate and form ice cover. Then the canal system successfully achieves transition from normal open flow state to icing model state. This paper points the present research process and the further research issues.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Et. al., Moulay Abdessadk El hamdani,. "Evaluating The Efficiency Of Technology Transfer In The Processing Industries: An Empirical Approach Based On Data Envelopment Analysis DEA Of The Processing Industries In The Souss-Massa Region." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 5 (2021): 1122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.1775.

Full text

Abstract:

Technology transfer is a powerful growth factor in industrial value added in the processing industries. Of course, it is important to assess the efficiency of technology transfer in the processing industry by analysing its influencing factors and discussing strategies to improve technological innovation. However, it is still difficult to measure its direct impact on the improvement or creation of value added, and one of the most relevant indicators that could measure the real impact of technology transfer is efficiency. The efficiency of the modes of technology transfer will therefore be the comparative relationship between inputs and outputs in the technology transfer activities based. It is an indicator for measuring the profitability of technology investment in industrial transformation. In our study, we will try to integrate a mathematical tool that allows us to solve optimization problems using a program operating under different constraints imposed by a model. The usefulness of this model depends on the ability to implement it, by the managers of production lines who are called upon to implement R&D, innovation or technology transfer projects. Based on panel data of processing industries that use one or more modes of technology transfer in the Souss-Massa region, this article will examine trends in the efficiency of technology transfer use, mainly as a result of technological progress and the promotion of technology transfer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Dai, Jin Guo, Qian Wu Song, and Qi Wu. "Efficiency of Different Mass Transfer Modes in Electrochemical Oxidation Treatment for Landfill Leachate." Advanced Materials Research 599 (November 2012): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.599.60.

Full text

Abstract:

The effect of different mass transfer ways in landfill leachate treatment by electrochemical oxidation was studied, the electrochemical oxidation rate, current efficiency and energy consumption were mainly discussed by four different mass transfer ways—including higher pressure water jet electrode, aeration, mixing and natural convection. The results show that mass transfer way has an important influence for NH4+-N and CODcr removal in electrochemical oxidation landfill leachate, high pressure water jet has high current efficiency, oxidation rate and lower energy consumption, which is 7.41 mg/L.min, 48% and 0.11 Kwh/gNH4+-N in electrolytic 6 hours, respectively. Different mass transfer ways have different mass transfer coefficient, improving mass transfer coefficient could increase transfer rate and the overall efficiency of system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Modes of Transfer'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles