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Academic literature on the topic 'Modification de surface de billes de silice'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Modification de surface de billes de silice"
Musino, Dafne. "Impact of surface modification on the structure and dynamics of silica-polymer nanocomposites." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTS015/document.
Full textNanocomposite materials made by dispersion of nano-scale fillers in a soft polymer matrix attract industrial interest because of their enhanced properties. During their formulation, filler-filler and filler-polymer interactions affect the dispersion of the particles, and thus the final nanocomposite structure. The filler dispersion as well as dynamical properties control many material properties and in particular the mechanical response of these materials.In this PhD work, we propose the study of nanocomposites made by dispersion of nano-metric hydrophilic silica particles in a soft hydrophobic polymer matrix of styrene/butadiene (SB), which is commonly used in car tire manufacturing. Since coating agents can react with the filler surface tuning the silica-silica and the silica-polymer interactions, they have been used to promote the compatibility between silica and SB. Firstly, we investigate “simplified industrial nanocomposites” obtained by solid mixing of SB and millimetric silica pellets. By a multiscale approach (microscopy and X-ray scattering, SAXS) we show that: i) the presence of a catalyzer (DPG) unambiguously amplifies the action of the coating agent; ii) the increase of silane content induces the progressive decrease of silica aggregate size. The study of the simplified industrial nanocomposites has been extended to a silica/SB model system. We developed an efficient method to surface-modify colloidal silica NPs in ethanol/water, to stabilize them in the same solvent (MEK) used to dissolve the polymer, and to obtain the final model nanocomposite by solvent casting. For the structural characterization of this multi-step system, we propose a combined SAXS-reverse Monte Carlo approach which allows to investigate the dispersion state of surface-modified silica NPs in precursor solvents (i.e., ethanol/water and MEK) and in the polymer matrix. The filler dispersion is influenced by the characteristics of the grafted silane molecule (varying hydrophobicity, grafting function, and density) and it is shown the quality of the dispersion state is maintained from the precursor suspension to the nanocomposite. Moreover, Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BDS) has been used to investigate the role of silane coating agents in the segmental dynamics of model nanocomposites. We show that the silane molecules can act as plasticizers in pure styrene-butadiene matrices, inducing a significant decrease of the glass transition temperature. We also prove that the chemical surface-modification of the fillers does not affect the segmental dynamics (α-relaxation) in nanocomposites, whereas the presence of “free” silane molecules in the polymer bulk can induce a detectable plasticization effect
Mariot, David. "Nouveau procédé de modification de silice pour le renforcement d'élastomères silicones." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENCM0013.
Full textThis work deals with a new way of modifying silica surface in a view to reinforce silicone elastomers. The surface-initiated ring-opening-polymerization (Si-ROP) of cyclosiloxanes was performed directly from the surface of silica dispersed in water. The characteristics of silica used in this study and their behavior in aqueous dispersion were first studied. For pH higher than the Point of Zero Charge, silica presents silanolate groups at its surface that are able to initiate the ROP of cyclosiloxanes from the surface, and not in aqueous suspension. The influence of the counter-cation and its concentration proved to be essential, in addition to silica's adsorbing properties. Modified silicas obtained by this new process were deeply analyzed by thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), fragmentation-GC, simple impulsion 29Si RMN and pyrolysis GC-MS in order to describe precisely the grafting conformation. The polymerization process was then scaled up to produce higher quantities of modified silica, which were incorporated in a model silicone formulation. Highest and lowest grafting densities tended to poor silica dispersions, as shown by image treatment. Hardness tests, uniaxial tensile and cyclic tests and tear resistance tests were performed in order to evaluate the influence of the grafting (conformation and vinylated groups) on silicone elastomers properties
Loubaki, Eugène. "Valorisation du chitosane modification chimique du chitosane et utilisation de dérivés obtenus pour l'enrobage de billes de silice, pour la chromatographie des protéines /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37615432h.
Full textLoubaki, Eugène. "Valorisation du chitosane : modification chimique du chitosane et utilisation de derives obtenus pour l'enrobage de billes de silice, pour la chromatographie des proteines." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066372.
Full textLassiaz, Stéphanie. "Modification de surface d'alumine et de silice en milieu aqueux par greffage d'acide alkylphosphonique." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20057.
Full textThe goal of this study is the surface modification of silica nanoparticles in aqueous media by grafting alkylphosphonic acid molecules. As Si-O-P bonds are unstable toward hydrolysis, the grafting is done by aluminium species deposited on the nanoparticles surface that is to say by Si-O-Al-O-P bonds. First, a study of the grafting of alkylphosphonic acid molecules onto alumina nanoparticles surface, used as a model, has been carried out. Then two strategies have been followed to modify silica nanoparticles surface: (a) the grafting of alkylphosphonic acid molecules on the surface of nanoparticles industrially modified by aluminium surface species and (b) the surface modification of silica nanoparticles by successive additions of aluminium salt then alkylphosphonic acid. The different nanoparticles functionalised by alkyl chains obtained have been characterised by thermogravimetric analysis, NMR MAS 31P, elementary analysis, infra-red spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption at 77 K, hexane and water adsorptions at 25 °C and by a floating test in methanol/water mixing (“methanol number”). Grafting parameters have been optimised which allow us to synthesize nanoparticles with different covering rates and thus to control their hydrophobicity and their surface polarity on a large scale
Reinhardt, Nora Maria Elisabeth. "Modification chimique de surface de nanoparticules de silice pour le marquage d'ADN dans des lipoplexes." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14820/document.
Full textSilica nanoparticles are ideal platforms for the conception of bioimaging tools serving for the elucidation of the mechanisms of gene transfection via lipoplex structures. The purpose of the present study is the development of a chemical surface modification for the generation of quaternary ammonium groups on silica nanoparticles permitting the obtainment of highly positively charged silica colloids which strongly attract DNA by electrostatic interactions. Two modification strategies to generate quaternary ammonium groups on silica are presented a) a direct silanization using quaternary ammonium groups containing silane derivatives and b) a modification of silica nanoparticles via a first modification with an amine group containing silane derivative and a subsequent quaternization of the amine groups via an alkylation with iodomethane. Different physicochemical methods were employed (cosedimentation assays, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring measurements, TEM and Cryo-TEM imaging) to analyze interactions between quaternized surfaces, DNA and lipids. A preliminary study was carried out which shows the capacity of the synthesized nanoparticles to label DNA in lipoplexes
Nicolas, Jean-Denis. "Modification des propriétés de surface de rouleaux en silice vitreuse pour des applications verrières et photovoltaïque." Valenciennes, 2011. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/84b3ed80-36b5-429f-a869-0d38f7165d4a.
Full textThis research is about modification of fused silica surface properties in the aim to control reactions appearing at the interface glass or silicon / fused silica rolls during heat treatments. Fused silica rollers suffer damage caused by aggressive environments in furnaces (Na2SO4, tin, phosphoric acid,. . . ). The sol-gel process has the ability to adjust physicochemical properties of the coating by precursor modification. In this context, silazanes, precursors of oxy-silicon carbonitrides are excellent raw materials for the production of coatings high temperatures and corrosion resistant. The use and development in an oxidizing atmosphere were often overlooked because they have significant sensitivity to oxidation. Despite this, silazanes show promising characteristics and properties in an oxidizing atmosphere. The behavior of these precursors to oxidation in air as function of temperature and the formation of coatings in the laboratory and industrial environment are discussed. The strengthening of the surface by the formation of stable systems is performed by taking into account sintering phenomena of the ceramic matrix and neutrality with elements conveyed to temperatures and atmospheres considered. Reactivity analysis and simulation of chemical reactions in the environment of furnaces are carried out to determine the behavior of coatings under conditions of industrial uses
El, Malti Wassim. "Modification de surface de supports inorganiques par des groupements organiques." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20208/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is the surface modification of two inorganic supports (mesoporous silica nanoparticles, calcium carbonate) by grafting organic molecules (organosilanes and phosphonates derivatives).Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) of MCM-41 type were synthesized by direct micro-emulsion and grafted under mild conditions using isocyanatopropyltrichlorosilane. Then, the reactivity of the isocyanate function was tested by post-modification using several amino nucleophiles. Synthesis, grafting and post-modification steps have been characterized by several physicochemical methods. MSN surface functionalized with a photolabile coupling agent have also been developed and tested under UV irradiation, with a view to prepare nanovalves for photo-controlled drug-delivery.The surface modification of nanoparticles of calcium carbonate (calcite) by phosphonate monolayers was investigated. The reaction conditions were optimized to favor grafting and prevent the dissolution of calcium carbonate leading to the precipitation of calcium phosphonate phases. Dense monolayers were obtained with different phosphonic acids in organic and aqueous media. The use of phosphonic esters (diethyl esters) was also explored. The modified nanoparticles were characterized by different techniques (NMR and IR spectroscopy, XRD, elemental analysis, electron microscopy, wettability testing) to identify the nature of the surface species
Schmitt, Céline. "Surface modification of oxide nanoparticles using phosphonic acids : characterization, surface dynamics, and dispersion in sols and nanocomposites." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS083/document.
Full textColloidal nanoparticles (NPs) dispersions are largely used in the industry, and avoid the use of dried NPs, which is controversial due to safety concerns. The key point in such systems remains the control of the interactions with the dispersed medium and between the NPs. Mastering these interactions allows controlling the NPs' state of dispersion. Moreover, as polymer-NPs nanocomposites have been found promising for a wide variety of applications, the use of colloidal sols could thus be an advantageous way of NPs' incorporation in the polymer, with a possible control of the NPs state of dispersion, and finally on the properties of the material, as they are linked to the NPs' dispersion. The purpose of this PhD work is to develop surface-functionalization methods of oxide NPs in colloidal sols in order to control the dispersion of NPs in the sols and in polymer nanocomposites derived from these sols, and to evaluate this dispersion using SAXS. Two surface modification methods have been developed to obtain aqueous or organic sols of functionalized NPs. The first one concerns the reaction in water of alumina-coated silica NPs with phosphonic acids (PAs), and the second one involves the simultaneous grafting and phase transfer of TiO2 NPs from an aqueous to a CHCl3 phase using PAs. The resulting NPs were characterized and their state of dispersion was monitored by DLS and SAS measurements. The impact of the C8PA grafting density on the structure of modified alumina-coated silica NPs in the dried state was evidenced by SAXS. The different relaxation processes of bare and grafted NPs were studied by BDS. These NPs were then incorporated in a PEA polymer by an aqueous latex route, and their structure in the nanocomposites was investigated by SANS
Courtat, Julie. "Étude de la fonctionnalisation de charges minérales préformées pour la formation de matériaux polymères en vue d’une tenue au feu améliorée pour un remplacement, à terme, des charges halogénées actuelles." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10326/document.
Full textIn order to protect our environment, toxic compounds have to be replaced to meet the new regulations as well as industrial standards. Therefore, to be environmental friendly, some solutions have to be found in terms of fire safety, since halogenated compounds are still used in fire retardant systems. The way studied to solve this problem was to add silica fillers modified by phosphorous or nitrogen agents into two polymer matrices (polypropylene and polybutylene terephthalate). Two different techniques were used to modify the silica surface: the first by grafting and the second by impregnation. Only 10% by weight of untreated or modified fillers was introduced into the polymers thanks to extrusion process. Morphology studies, rheological and fire behaviors as well as thermogravimetric analyses were performed on composites and relationship between those properties have been established. In the case of polypropylene, the untreated fillers induce the most significant reduction of peak of Heat Release Rate while the surface modification by phosphorous agents does not lead to the expected effect on the fire behavior of PP composite. The origin of this phenomenon was deeply studied and was related to the difference of morphology and rheological behavior between the several PP composites. Concerning polybutylene terephthalate, the best fire performances were obtained for composites containing phosphorous modified silica. Given these results, relationships between the type of flame-retardant compound, the viscoelasticity, the formation of a fire protective layer and the improvement of fire behavior has been identified