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Journal articles on the topic 'Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Bertrand, C., A. Allou, F. Beauchamp, E. Pluyette, P. Defrasne, and F. Baqué. "Thermomechanical Model and Bursting Tests to Evaluate the Risk of Swelling and Bursting of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel Steam Generator Tubes during a Sodium-Water Reaction Accident." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/974581.

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The MECTUB code was developed to evaluate the risk of swelling and bursting of Steam Generator (SG) tubes. This code deals with the physic of intermediate steam-water leaks into sodium which induce a Sodium-Water Reaction (SWR). It is based on a one-dimensional calculation to describe the thermomechanical behavior of tubes under a high internal pressure and a fast external overheating. The mechanical model of MECTUB is strongly correlated with the kind of the material of the SG tubes. It has been developed and validated by using experiments performed on the alloy 800. A change to tubes made of Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel requires more knowledge of Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel behavior which influences the bursting time at high temperatures (up to 1200°C). Studies have been initiated to adapt the mechanical model and to qualify it for this material. The first part of this paper focuses on the mechanical law modelling (elasticity, plasticity, and creep) for Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel and on overheating thermal data. In a second part, the results of bursting tests performed on Modified 9Cr-1Mo tubes in the SQUAT facility of CEA are used to validate the mechanical model of MECTUB for the Modified 9Cr-1Mo material.

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2

Sivabharathy, M., P. Palanichamy, M. Vasudevan, P. Kalyanasundaram, and K. Ramachandran. "An Experimental Study of the Thermal Properties of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Defect and Diffusion Forum 332 (December 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.332.1.

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In this paper, the application of the photo-acoustic method to study the thermal properties of modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel is described. The photo-acoustic measurements are carried out for the thermal properties of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel samples of various thicknesses. The theoretical basis for quantitative measurements is discussed, together with the advantages and limitations of these methods as compared with conventional measurements.

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3

Jones, Wendell B., C. R. Hills, and D. H. Polonis. "Microstructural evolution of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel." Metallurgical Transactions A 22, no. 5 (1991): 1049–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02661098.

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4

Hyun, Yang Ki, Soon Ho Won, Jae Ho Jang, and In Bae Kim. "The Evaluation of Material Degradation in Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel by Electrochemical and Magnetic Property Analysis." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 486–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.486.

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Evolution of microstructure due to service exposure to high temperature has a strong effect performance of heat resistant steels. In case of modified 9Cr-1Mo steels, precipitation of Fe2Mo-type laves phases and coarsening of M23C6-type carbides are the primary cause of degradation of mechanical properties such as creep resistance, tensile strength and toughness. Therefore creep tests have been carried out on modified 9Cr-1Mo steels to examine the effect of aging and stress on the creep strength. Additionally vibrating sample magnetometer is used to measure hysteresis loop.

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5

Li, Sheng Zhi, Jie Xu, Yuan De Yin, J. G. Xue, and Y. Feng. "The Study of Inner Surface Crack Formation of Seamless Modified 9Cr-1Mo Tube Rolled on Mandrel Mill and Its Application." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.61.

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The hot workability of modified 9Cr-1Mo, as a grade of heat resistant steels, is inferior to that of low-alloy steel, so the inner surface crack (ISC) easily occurs in seamless boiler tubes produced by the Mandrel Mill under improper rolling conditions. With the aid of FEM, the metal flow status during the rolling process was analyzed in 140mm 8-stand mandrel mill of Bao Steel. Both the metallographic shape and size of the ISC together with the result from the simulation show that the ISC of seamless tube forms at the elongation stage of shell. The mechanism of the ISC was discussed. With its initiation in stand No.1 and No.2 due to poor hot workability of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel, the ISC develops in subsequent passes. Based upon the mechanism devised was a special roll pass system which substantially upgraded the yield of qualified products.

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6

Park, Jong Seo, Un Bong Baek, Seung Hoon Nahm, Sang In Han, and Song Chun Choi. "The Application of Nondestructive Methods for Degradation Evaluation of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.528.

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The nondestructive evaluation technique for the material degradation is necessary because of the limitation of conventional destructive methods. In this study, an ultrasonic velocity measurement method was attempted for the estimation of the creep damage of degraded modified 9Cr-1Mo steel. The specimens with seven different kinds of aging periods were prepared by an isothermal heat treatment at 690 . The ultrasonic velocity was measured by an immersion method. The correlation between the measured ultrasonic velocity and tensile properties were studied. The ultrasonic velocity has an declining tendency with the increase of heat treatment time. A correlation between the ultrasonic velocity and aging parameter were established, which allows one to estimate the material degradation of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel.

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7

Nakashima, Hideharu, Daisuke Terada, Fuyuki Yoshida, Hiroyuki Hayakawa, and Hiroshi Abe. "EBSP analysis of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Martensitic steel." ISIJ International 41, Suppl (2001): S97—S100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.41.suppl_s97.

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8

Choudhary, B. K., and E. Isaac Samuel. "Creep behaviour of modified 9Cr–1Mo ferritic steel." Journal of Nuclear Materials 412, no. 1 (2011): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.02.024.

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9

Shrestha, Triratna, Mehdi Basirat, Indrajit Charit, Gabriel P. Potirniche, Karl K. Rink, and Uttara Sahaym. "Creep deformation mechanisms in modified 9Cr–1Mo steel." Journal of Nuclear Materials 423, no. 1-3 (2012): 110–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.01.005.

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10

Kim, Sung Ho, Ji-Hyun Yoon, Woo Seog Ryu, Chan Bock Lee, and Jun Hwa Hong. "Fracture toughness of irradiated modified 9Cr–1Mo steel." Journal of Nuclear Materials 386-388 (April 2009): 387–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.12.324.

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11

Kishore, R., R. N. Singh, T. K. Sinha, and B. P. Kashyap. "Serrated flow in a modified 9Cr-1Mo steel." Scripta Metallurgica et Materialia 32, no. 8 (1995): 1297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-716x(94)00020-i.

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12

Albert, S. K., V. Ramasubbu, and T. P. S. Gill. "Hydrogen Assisted Cracking Susceptibility of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Indian Welding Journal 34, no. 2 (2001): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22486/iwj.v34i2.178597.

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13

Mitra, A., J. N. Mohapatra, J. Swaminathan, M. Ghosh, A. K. Panda, and R. N. Ghosh. "Magnetic evaluation of creep in modified 9Cr–1Mo steel." Scripta Materialia 57, no. 9 (2007): 813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2007.07.004.

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14

Verma, Preeti, G. Sudhakar Rao, N. C. Santhi Srinivas, and Vakil Singh. "Rosette fracture of modified 9Cr–1Mo steel in tension." Materials Science and Engineering: A 683 (January 2017): 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2016.12.011.

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15

YAGUCHI, Masatsugu, and Yukio TAKAHASHI. "Ratchetting Deformation Analysis of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel. III. Modeling of Temperature Dependence of Ratchetting Deformation Behavior of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 51, no. 3 (2002): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.51.299.

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16

Xu, Xue Xia, Jie Ouyang, Yan Ting Feng, et al. "Creep-Rupture Properties and Life Evaluation of Low Hardness Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Advanced Materials Research 476-478 (February 2012): 346–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.346.

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Creep-rupture properties of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel with 140~150HB low hardness were studied. Results showed that the creep-rupture properties of the experimental steel deteriorate badly and decreased with experimental temperature increasing. The life evaluation was carried out based on the experimental results, that provides guidance for material evaluation and operation supervision.

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17

Li, Sheng Zhi, Jie Xu, Yuan De Yin, and Hui Chao Su. "Mechanical Analysis on the Inner Surface Crack of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Seamless Steel Tubes Rolled by Mandrel Mill." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 3070–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.3070.

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The inner surface crack (ISC) defect easily occurs in seamless modified 9Cr-1Mo steel tubes rolled by the mandrel mill with high production efficiency. The reason for the formation of the ISC lies in both the properties of deformed material and rolling conditions. With the aid of commercial FE code MSC.SuperForm, the rolling process of modified 9Cr-1Mo seamless steel tube produced by the Mandrel Mill of Bao Steel in China was simulated, focusing on mechanical analysis of deformed metal. It was found from the simulation that the metal on the inner surface of the tube, in the position of 0 or 90 of the roll pass, experiences strong tensile stresses, especially the circumferential stress, which is closely related .to the strain behavior governed by the two-high pass caliber of the mandrel mill. Therefore an optimal design of the roll pass can be realized to decrease the tensile stress so as to relax the tendency to the ISC, which has been confirmed by the tests in Steel Tube & Pipe Company of Bao Steel.

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18

Swindeman, R. W., and M. Gold. "Developments in Ferrous Alloy Technology for High-Temperature Service." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 113, no. 2 (1991): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2928737.

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Developments during the past twenty-five years are outlined for the technology of ferrous alloys needed in elevated temperature service. These developments include new alloys with improved strength and corrosion resistance for use in nuclear, fossil, and petrochemical applications. Specific groups of alloys that are addressed include vanadium-modified low alloy steels, 9Cr-1Mo-V steel, niobium-modified lean stainless steels, and high chrome-nickel iron alloys. A brief description of coating and claddings for improved corrosion resistance is also provided.

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19

Karthick, K., S. Malarvizhi, V. Balasubramanian, S. A. Krishnan, G. Sasikala, and Shaju K. Albert. "Tensile properties of shielded metal arc welded dissimilar joints of nuclear grade ferritic steel and austenitic stainless steel." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials 25, no. 5-6 (2016): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jmbm-2017-0005.

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AbstractIn nuclear power plants, modified 9Cr-1Mo ferritic steel (Grade 91 or P91) is used for constructing steam generators (SG’s) whereas austenitic stainless steel (AISI 316LN) is a major structural member for intermediate heat exchanger (IHX). Therefore, a dissimilar joint between these materials is unavoidable. In this investigation, dissimilar joints were fabricated by Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process with Inconel 82/182 filler metals. Transverse tensile properties and Charpy V-notch impact toughness for different regions of dissimilar joints of modified 9Cr-1Mo ferritic steel and AISI 316LN austenitic stainless steel were evaluated as per the standards. Microhardness distribution across the dissimilar joint was recorded. Microstructural features of different regions were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy. The transverse tensile properties of the joint is found to be inferior to base metals. Impact toughness values of different regions of dissimilar metal weld joint (DMWJ) is slightly higher than the prescribed value. Formation of a soft zone at the outer edge of the HAZ will reduce the tensile properties of DMWJ. The complex microstructure developed at the interfaces of DMWJ will reduce the impact toughness values.

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20

Ghosh, P. K., and P. K. Agarwal. "Manual Metal Arc Welding of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel Pipe." Indian Welding Journal 31, no. 1 (1998): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22486/iwj.v31i1.177522.

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21

Lee, W. H., R. K. Shiue, and C. Chen. "Mechanical properties of modified 9Cr–1Mo steel welds with notches." Materials Science and Engineering: A 356, no. 1-2 (2003): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(03)00115-1.

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22

Kimura, K., H. Kushima, and K. Sawada. "Long-term creep deformation property of modified 9Cr–1Mo steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 510-511 (June 2009): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2008.04.095.

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23

Shanmugarajan, B., G. Padmanabham, H. Kumar, S. K. Albert, and A. K. Bhaduri. "Autogenous laser welding investigations on modified 9Cr–1Mo (P91) steel." Science and Technology of Welding and Joining 16, no. 6 (2011): 528–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1362171811y.0000000035.

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24

MATSUMORI, Yoshiaki, Yuji ICHIKAWA, Isamu NONAKA, and Hideo MIURA. "OS2118 Very High Cycle Fatigue of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Proceedings of the Materials and Mechanics Conference 2012 (2012): _OS2118–1_—_OS2118–2_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemm.2012._os2118-1_.

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25

Matsumori, Yoshiaki, Yuji Ichikawa, Isamu Nonaka, and Hideo Miura. "148 Very high cyde fatigue of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel." Proceedings of Conference of Tohoku Branch 2012.47 (2012): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeth.2012.47.102.

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26

Shiva, V., Sunil Goyal, R. Sandhya, K. Laha, and A. K. Bhaduri. "Flow Behaviour of Modified 9Cr–1Mo Steel at Elevated Temperatures." Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals 70, no. 3 (2017): 589–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12666-017-1047-4.

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27

PARK, Kyu Seop, Fujimitsu MASUYAMA, and Takao ENDO. "Short-term Creep Behavior Analysis of a Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Tetsu-to-Hagane 84, no. 7 (1998): 526–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.84.7_526.

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28

PARK, Kyu Seop, Fujimitsu MASUYAMA, and Takao ENDO. "Constitutive Equation Describing Tertiary Creep of a Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Tetsu-to-Hagane 84, no. 8 (1998): 553–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.84.8_553.

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29

Okamura, Hiroyuki, Ryuichi Ohtani, Kiyoshi Saito, et al. "Basic investigation for life assessment technology of modified 9Cr–1Mo steel." Nuclear Engineering and Design 193, no. 3 (1999): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-5493(99)00181-8.

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30

Guguloth, Krishna, J. Swaminathan, Nilima Roy, and R. N. Ghosh. "Uniaxial creep and stress relaxation behavior of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 684 (January 2017): 683–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2016.12.090.

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31

Sakthivel, T., K. Laha, M. Vasudevan, M. Koteswara Rao, and S. Panneer Selvi. "Type IV cracking behaviour of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel weld joints." Materials at High Temperatures 33, no. 2 (2016): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603409.2015.1137158.

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32

Nagesha, A., R. Kannan, R. Sandhya, et al. "Thermomechanical Fatigue Behaviour of a Modified 9Cr-1Mo Ferritic-Martensitic Steel." Procedia Engineering 55 (2013): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.03.242.

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33

NAGAE, Yuji, Shigeru TAKAYA, and Tai ASAYAMA. "Creep-Fatigue Evaluation by Hysteresis Energy in Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Journal of Solid Mechanics and Materials Engineering 3, no. 3 (2009): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jmmp.3.449.

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34

Mitchell, M. R., R. E. Link, S. Sathyanarayanan, et al. "Characterization of Crack Arrest Phenomena in a Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 39, no. 3 (2011): 103048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte103048.

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35

Chandravathi, K. S., K. Laha, K. Bhanu Sankara Rao, and S. L. Mannan. "Microstructure and tensile properties of modified 9Cr–1Mo steel (grade 91)." Materials Science and Technology 17, no. 5 (2001): 559–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708301101510212.

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36

Chatterjee, Arya, A. Moitra, A. K. Bhaduri, R. Mitra, and D. Chakrabarti. "Dynamic fracture behaviour of thermo-mechanically processed modified 9Cr–1Mo steel." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 149 (November 2015): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2015.09.051.

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37

Yoon, Ji-Hyun, and Eui-Pak Yoon. "Fracture toughness and the master curve for modified 9Cr−1Mo steel." Metals and Materials International 12, no. 6 (2006): 477–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03027747.

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38

Veerababu, J., Sunil Goyal, J. Vanaja, A. Nagesha, and M. Vasudevan. "Generation of creep-fatigue interaction diagram for modified 9Cr–1Mo steel." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 191 (June 2021): 104376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2021.104376.

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39

Du, Xian He, and Ying Hua Liu. "Plastic Limit Analysis of Piping with Local Wall-Thinning under Elevated Temperature." Key Engineering Materials 725 (December 2016): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.725.47.

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In order to evaluate the safety and integrity of piping with local wall-thinning at elevated temperature, a numerical method for plastic limit load of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel piping is proposed in the present paper. The limit load of piping at high temperature is defined as the load-carrying capacity after the structure has served for a certain time period. The power law creep behavior with Liu-Murakami damage model is implemented into the commercial software ABAQUS via CREEP for simulation, and the Ramberg-Osgood model is modified to consider the material deterioration effect of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel by introducing the creep damage factor into the elasto-plastic constitutive equation. For covering the wide ranges of defect ratios and service time periods, various 3-D numerical examples for the piping with local wall-thinning defects, and creep time are calculated and analyzed. The limit loads of the defected structures under high temperature are obtained through classic zero curvature criterion with the modified Ramberg-Osgood model, and the typical failure modes of these piping are also discussed. The results show that the plastic limit load of piping containing defect at elevated temperature depends not only on the size of defect, but also on the creep time, which is different from the traditional plastic limit analysis at room temperature without material deterioration.

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40

Arvinth Davinci, Marimuthu, Dipti Samantaray, Utpal Borah, Shaju K. Albert, and Arun Kumar Bhaduri. "Characterization of Hot Workability of Boron-Added Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel (P91B) Using Dynamic Materials Model." Materials Science Forum 830-831 (September 2015): 325–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.830-831.325.

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Elevated temperature workability of Boron added modified 9Cr-1Mo steel is studied in temperature range 1223-1473K and strain rates of 0.001-10s-1 using Dynamic Materials Model. Towards this end hot isothermal compression tests are carried out and the experimental results are used to obtain processing map. Extensive microstructural investigation is carried out to validate different domains of processing map. On the basis of the microstructurally validated processing map, parameters for the thermomechanical processing of P91B are recommended.

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41

Das, Chittaranjan, Arun Kumar Bhaduri, V. Thomas Paul, et al. "Effect of PWHT on the Toughness of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel Weldmetal." Indian Welding Journal 47, no. 4 (2014): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22486/iwj.v47i4.141079.

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42

Kim, Seon Jin, Woo Gon Kim, Ik Hee Jung, and Yong Wan Kim. "Statistical Analysis of Creep Crack Growth Behavior in Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Materials Science Forum 654-656 (June 2010): 516–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.516.

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In this paper, a series of statistical studies were conducted on creep crack growth behavior of Grade 9Cr-1Mo steel for next generation reactor. Creep crack growth tests were performed on pre-cracked compact tension (CT) specimens under the applied load ranges from 3800 to 5000N at the identical temperature condition of 600oC. The creep crack growth behavior has been analyzed statistically using the empirical equation between crack growth rate da/dt and C* parameter, namely da/dt=B(C*)q. First, the determination methods of B and q obtained from experiments were investigated by the least square fitting method and the mean value method. The probability distribution functions of B and q have been investigated using the normal, log-normal and Weibull distribution. The constant B and q are followed well 2-parameter Weibull. Second, the creep crack growth rate data were generated by Monte-Carlo simulation method assuming the 2-parameter Weibull in B and q parameters. The probability distribution of creep crack growth rate for arbitrary C* parameter values seems to follow well Weibull distribution.

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43

Samant, S. S., I. V. Singh, and R. N. Singh. "Influence of intermediate rolling on mechanical behavior of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 738 (December 2018): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.09.092.

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44

Sasikala, G., and S. K. Ray. "Evaluation of quasistatic fracture toughness of a modified 9Cr-1Mo (P91) steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 479, no. 1-2 (2008): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.06.021.

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45

Zhang, X. Z., X. J. Wu, R. Liu, J. Liu, and M. X. Yao. "Deformation-mechanism-based modeling of creep behavior of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 689 (March 2017): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.02.044.

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46

Zhang, X. Z., X. J. Wu, R. Liu, J. Liu, and M. X. Yao. "Influence of Laves phase on creep strength of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 706 (October 2017): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.08.111.

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47

Verma, Preeti, N. C. Santhi Srinivas, and Vakil Singh. "Low cycle fatigue behavior of modified 9Cr-1Mo steel at 300 °C." Materials Science and Engineering: A 715 (February 2018): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.12.105.

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48

YAMADA, Katsutaka, and Takashi OGATA. "Influence of Multiaxial Stress on Creep Damage of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel." Proceedings of Conference of Kanto Branch 2017.23 (2017): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekanto.2017.23.1006.

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49

Guguloth, Krishna, S. Sivaprasad, D. Chakrabarti, and S. Tarafder. "Low-cyclic fatigue behavior of modified 9Cr–1Mo steel at elevated temperature." Materials Science and Engineering: A 604 (May 2014): 196–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2014.02.076.

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50

Verma, Preeti, G. Sudhakar Rao, P. Chellapandi, et al. "Dynamic strain ageing, deformation, and fracture behavior of modified 9Cr–1Mo steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 621 (January 2015): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2014.10.011.

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