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Journal articles on the topic 'Modified triple antibiotic paste'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Khoshkhounejad, Mehrfam, Mahsa Sobhi Afshar, Fereshteh Jabalameli, Mohammad Emaneini, and Mohammadreza Sharifian. "Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Minimum Antibacterial Values of Different Medicaments Used in Endodontic Regenerative Procedures." European Journal of Dentistry 13, no. 04 (October 2019): 514–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3401369.

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Abstract Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of minimum antibacterial values of medicaments used in endodontic regeneration on stem cells. Materials and Methods “Minimum inhibitory concentration,” “minimum bactericidal concentration,” and “minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration” of triple and double antibiotic paste, a modified triple antibiotic paste (minocycline replaced by clindamycin), Augmentin, and calcium hydroxide were determined using Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) by microtiter plate method. Direct cytotoxic effects of drugs were evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase and water-soluble tetrazolium salt-1 assays using stem cells of apical papilla obtained from immature third molars via enzymatic digestion. Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 24, one-way analysis of variance and post hoc comparisons. The statistical power was set at p < 0.05. Results All medicaments caused similar cytotoxicity and cell proliferation at “minimum inhibitory concentration” (p > 0.05) except Augmentin which was significantly more toxic than others (p < 0.05). At “minimum bactericidal concentration,” calcium hydroxide was more toxic than other drugs (p < 0.001), but its adverse effect on cell proliferation was the same as Augmentin (p > 0.05). Triple and double antibiotic paste revealed similar favorable effects in terms of toxicity and proliferation rate at most of the tested concentrations (p > 0.05). At “minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration” both the modified paste and Augmentin caused less proliferation rate than triple and double antibiotic paste (p < 0.001and p < 0.05, respectively) and Augmentin induced more cytotoxicity (p < 0.05). Conclusions Considering the antimicrobial potency, triple antibiotic paste seems to be the safest drug for the stem cells of apical papilla, while Augmentin may have some adverse effects.

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Ojha Tiwari, Urvashi, Afsana Begum, Jyoti Jain, Sandhya Yadav, and Nurez Anwar. "COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF TRIPLE ANTIBIOTIC PASTE AND MODIFIED DOUBLE ANTIBIOTIC PASTE USING DIFFERENT VEHICLES AGAINST CANDIDA ALBICANS." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/10325.

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Asnaashari, Mohammad, Mohammad Jafar Eghbal, Amirali Sahba Yaghmayi, Mehdi Shokri, and Saranaz Azari-Marhabi. "Comparison of Antibacterial Effects of Photodynamic Therapy, Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste and Calcium Hydroxide on Root Canals Infected With Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study." Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 10, no. 5 (December 1, 2019): S23—S29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/jlms.2019.s5.

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Introduction: A pivotal issue to achieve success in the treatment of the root canal is root canal disinfection. One of the most important bacteria that infect the root canal is Enterococcus faecalis. This study seeks to examine the effectiveness of 3 methods for disinfecting the root canal: photodynamic therapy, modified triple antibiotic paste (MTAP), and calcium hydroxide. Methods: Sixty-two single-rooted extracted anterior teeth were collected. After cleaning and disinfecting the teeth, their crowns were cut at the CEJ point. The root canals were shaped to the working length up to file F3 ProTaper (F1, F2, F3). EDTA 17% and sodium hypochlorite 2.5% were used for 5 minutes to wash and remove the smear layer, and then the apical foramen was sealed using composite. After that, the teeth were sterilized in an autoclave at 121°C for 15 minutes. Then 10 samples were taken randomly as the negative control. The remaining samples were immersed and cultivated in a suspension containing E. faecalis for 21 days. Then the samples were divided into 5 groups: 2 positive control groups, 1 group treated with the antibiotic paste with the concentration of 1 mg/mL, 1 group treated with calcium hydroxide, and 1 group treated with photodynamic therapy. Then, to collect the biofilm, the ProTaper file F4 was used. After that, the microbial suspension was provided and counting the colonies was carried out to compare the groups. Results: The findings indicated that the amount of CFU/mg of MTAP samples, including clindamycin, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin in the concentration of 1 mg/mL and photodynamic therapy and calcium hydroxide was lower than that in the control group. Antibiotic paste cleansed the root canal up to 99.9%. Photodynamic therapy reduced the amount of CFU/mg to 98.8%, and calcium hydroxide reduced the amount of CFU/mg to 94.13%. Conclusion: Using photodynamic therapy causes a reduction in the biofilm and inhibits the growth of the E. faecalis bacterium. In addition, in this study, MTAP with a concentration of 1 mg/mL was used, which expunged the bacteria completely. Meanwhile, calcium hydroxide had the weakest effect of all on the E. faecalis bacterium.

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Akman, Melek, Makbule Bilge Akbulut, Hale Arı Aydınbelge, and Sema Belli. "Comparison of Different Irrigation Activation Regimens and Conventional Irrigation Techniques for the Removal of Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste from Root Canals." Journal of Endodontics 41, no. 5 (May 2015): 720–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2015.01.001.

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Kumar, Amit, Vijay Parashar, Shabab A. Khan, Puja Singh, Shishir Sharma, and Kumar Anand. "Effect of Intracanal Medicaments (Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste, Calcium Hydroxide, and Aloe Vera) on Microhardness of Root Dentine: An In Vitro Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 21, no. 6 (2020): 632–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2813.

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Singhal, Somya, Meenakshi Venkataraman, AseemP Tikku, and Anil Chandra. "Comparative analysis of tooth discoloration induced by conventional and modified triple antibiotic pastes used in regenerative endodontics." Indian Journal of Dental Research 30, no. 6 (2019): 933. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_782_18.

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Paulindraraj, Shankar, Hemalatha Ramkumar, Karthika Shankar, Senthil Dhakshinamoorthy, Trophimus G. Jayakaran, and Charishma S. Bommareddy. "Comparison of Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste in Two Concentrations for Lesion Sterilization and Tissue Repair in Primary Molars: An In Vivo Interventional Randomized Clinical Trial." International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 14, no. 3 (September 17, 2021): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1951.

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Alrahman, Mewan Salahalddin A., Bestoon Muhammed Faraj, and Kawa F. Dizaye. "Assessment of Nitrofurantoin as an Experimental Intracanal Medicament in Endodontics." BioMed Research International 2020 (February 18, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2128473.

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Background and Objectives. Multiple antibacterial agents have been mixed and used as an intracanal medicament-like modified triple antibiotic paste (MTAP) to eliminate Enterococcus faecalis (EF), which has been most frequently identified in the cases of failed root canal treatment and periapical lesions. This study is aimed at using a single antibacterial agent, nitrofurantoin (Nit), as an experimental intracanal medicament paste against different clinical isolates of EF bacteria and at comparing its antimicrobial efficacy with MTAP. Materials and Methods. Three strains of EF (S1, S2, and S3) were clinically isolated. A total of 198 straight single-rooted human teeth were collected and divided randomly into three main groups: group N (Nit) (n=90), group M (MTAP) (n=90), and group W (distilled water) (n=18). The main groups were subdivided into three subgroups according to the strain of EF: in groups N and M, subgroups S1, S2, and S3 (n=30), while in group W, subgroups S1, S2, and S3 (n=6). Then, each subgroup of N and M was divided into five groups (n=6) according to the concentrations of Nit or MTAP (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/mL). The colony-forming unit (CFU) of EF from the canal lumen and dentinal chips was measured. Results. Nit could eradicate S1, S2, and S3 completely with concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, and 25 mg/mL, respectively, while MTAP showed complete eradication of the three strains only at 25 mg/mL. In all the groups, it was found that the CFU counts of EF in the dentinal chips were higher than those in the root canal lumen. Conclusion. At the concentration of 25 mg/mL, the Nit paste is effective in eradicating EF completely when it is used as an intracanal medicament.

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El-Baz, Alaa, and Geraldine Ahmed. "COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF CALCIUM HYDROXIDE AND THE MODIFIED TRIPLE ANTIBIOTIC PASTE AS INTRACANAL MEDICATION ON THE ELIMINATION OF ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS IN RETREATMENT CASES A RANDOMIZED DOUBLE BLIND CLINICAL TRIAL." Egyptian Dental Journal 63, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 3995–4004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/edj.2017.76466.

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El-Baz, Alaa, and Geraldine Ahmed. "COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF CALCIUM HYDROXIDE AND THE MODIFIED TRIPLE ANTIBIOTIC PASTE AS INTRACANAL MEDICATION ON THE ELIMINATION OF ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS IN RETREATMENT CASES. A RANDOMIZED DOUBLE BLIND CLINICAL TRIAL." Egyptian Dental Journal 63, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 3683–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/edj.2017.92784.

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Vijayaraghavan, Rangasamy, VeerabathranMahesh Mathian, AlagappanMeenakshi Sundaram, Ramachandran Karunakaran, and Selvaraj Vinodh. "Triple antibiotic paste in root canal therapy." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 4, no. 6 (2012): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-7406.100214.

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Abdel Hamid, Ehab, Saied Abdel Aziz, Hany Samy Sadek, and Ahmed Mohamed Ibrahim. "Effectiveness of triple antibiotic paste as an intra-canal medication for the root canal treatment of non-vital teeth with apical periodontitis: A systematic review." F1000Research 7 (October 11, 2018): 1627. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.16423.1.

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Background: This is a systematic review to assess and provide a pooled effect estimate, if possible, for the effects of triple antibiotic paste as an intra-canal medication for root canal treatment of mature permanent non-vital teeth with apical periodontitis. This review will assess post-operative pain, flare-up incidence, and clinical and radiographic healing. Methods: Nine electronic databases (Pubmed, CENTRAL, VHL, Scopus, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, Trip, OpenGrey, Proquest) were searched along with two major clinical trial registries. Conference proceedings, reference lists and citations of the included studies were also searched. A total of 537 records were identified and 392 were obtained after duplicate removal. Six records were identified after screening and three studies were included after full text eligibility assessment. Results: Three comparators were reported in the included studies: calcium hydroxide paste, 2% chlorhexidine gel and ledermix paste. There was no statistically significant difference between triple antibiotic paste and calcium hydroxide regarding postoperative pain, and clinical and radiographic healing of periapical lesions. There was no difference between triple antibiotic paste and chlorhexidine regarding flare-up incidence. However, triple antibiotic paste reduced the level of post-operative pain more than ledermix, which was statistically significant. Conclusions: The evidence is still insufficient surrounding the use of triple antibiotic paste; therefore more clinical investigations with high levels of evidence and rigorous methodologies are needed.

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Singla, Munish, Iyana Garg, Vandana Goyal, Harleen Kaur, and Litik Mittal. "Non-surgical management of periapical lesions with triple antibiotic paste: A case reports." Adesh University Journal of Medical Sciences & Research 2 (December 19, 2020): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/aujmsr_23_2020.

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Sterilization of root canal space is foremost for the success of the endodontic treatment which is usually carried out with intracanal irrigants and medicaments. Triple antibiotic paste (metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline) is used to achieve sterilization and healing of periradicular area. In the present case report, the triple antibiotic paste was used for non-surgical management of periapical lesion for 3 weeks. After 3 weeks, the tooth became asymptomatic that was then obturated. Hence, it is confirmed that conventional root canal treatment, along with intracanal medicaments (triple antibiotic paste), can non-surgically manage the periapical lesions and further promotes healing.

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Makandar, SaleemD, and TahirY Noorani. "Triple antibiotic paste––Challenging intracanal medicament: A systematic review." Journal of International Oral Health 12, no. 3 (2020): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jioh.jioh_213_19.

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WINDLEYIII, W., F. TEIXEIRA, L. LEVIN, A. SIGURDSSON, and M. TROPE. "Disinfection of Immature Teeth with a Triple Antibiotic Paste." Journal of Endodontics 31, no. 6 (June 2005): 439–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.don.0000148143.80283.ea.

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Faria, Gisele, Elisandra Márcia Rodrigues, Hernán Coaguila-Llerena, Ana Lívia Gomes-Cornélio, Renan Rodrigues Neto Angéloco, Maristela Soares Swerts Pereira, and Mario Tanomaru Filho. "Influence of the Vehicle and Antibiotic Formulation on Cytotoxicity of Triple Antibiotic Paste." Journal of Endodontics 44, no. 12 (December 2018): 1812–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2018.09.009.

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Jindal, Varun, Sahil Monga, and Deepti Jindal. "Comparative Evaluation of the Interappointment Pain by Using Different Intracanal Medicaments—An In Vivo Study." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 07, no. 01 (April 2019): 019–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1684107.

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Abstract Objective The purpose of this in vivo study was to evaluate pain using different intracanal medicaments. Materials and Methods Seventy-five permanent single-rooted mandibular premolars with acute apical periodontitis were selected for this study. After access cavity preparation and cleaning and shaping of canals, patients were randomly divided into five groups with different intracanal medicaments viz calcium hydroxide paste, calcium hydroxide points, triple antibiotic paste, and Ledermix paste. Interappointment pain was recorded by the patient using visual analog scale after 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours, 2 days, 3 days, 4 days, 5 days, and 6 days of intracanal medicament dressing. Results Ledermix paste showed highly significant results in reducing the interappointment pain as compared with calcium hydroxide paste, calcium hydroxide points, and triple antibiotic paste. Conclusion Patients with Ledermix as intracanal medicament had minimum interappointment pain.

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Berkhoff, Julie A., Paul B. Chen, Fabricio B. Teixeira, and Anibal Diogenes. "Evaluation of Triple Antibiotic Paste Removal by Different Irrigation Procedures." Journal of Endodontics 40, no. 8 (August 2014): 1172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2013.12.027.

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AKSEL, Hacer, Selen KÜÇÜKKAYA EREN, and Ahmet SERPER. "Comparison of triple antibiotic paste removal by different irrigation techniques." Dental Materials Journal 36, no. 3 (2017): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4012/dmj.2016-105.

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AbdurRahman, Safeya, Saied M. Abdel Aziz, Shaimaa I. Gawdat, and Ahmed M. AbdalSamad. "Postoperative pain of patients with necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis following single visit endodontic treatment versus multiple visit endodontic treatment using triple antibiotic paste: a randomized clinical trial." F1000Research 8 (July 26, 2019): 1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.19936.1.

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Background: A randomized clinical trial was conducted to compare the postoperative pain following endodontic treatment of necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis. Treatments were performed in multiple visits with application of triple antibiotic paste interappointment dressing or single visit without interappointment dressing. Methods: In total 44 participants were assigned randomly into two groups. Group A: multiple visit endodontic treatment with triple antibiotic paste interappointment dressing; group B: single visit endodontic treatment without interappointment dressing. Postoperative pain of participants was assessed after 24, 48, 72 hours and one week using numerical rating scale. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in postoperative pain after 24, 48, 72 hours and one week between the two groups. Conclusion: Triple antibiotic paste as an interappointment dressing in multiple visits endodontic treatment was not proved to reduce the postoperative pain compared to a single visit in patients with necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis who did not have an interappointment dressing. Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02947763. Date: 28th October 2016.

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Bilgi, Priyanka S., Nimisha C. Shah, and Jash Mehta. "Comparative Evaluation of Mixture of Calcium Hydroxide and Chlorhexidine, with Triple Antibiotic Paste and Combination of Calcium Hydroxide, Chlorhexidine, and Lycopene on Incidence of Interappointment Flare-up: An in vivo Study." International Journal of Clinical Dentistry and Research 1, no. 1 (2017): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10060-0003.

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ABSTRACT Background The present study was undertaken to evaluate the most suitable intracanal medicament with the least incidence on Interappointment flare-up. Aim To clinically evaluate and compare the effect of combination of calcium hydroxide (CH) and chlorhexidine (CHX) with triple antibiotic paste and combination of CH, CHX, and lycopene on interappointment flare-up. Materials and methods A total of 36 patients requiring root canal treatment were selected according to the selection criteria and divided into three groups: Group I – CH and CHX, group II – triple antibiotic paste, and group III – CH, CHX, and lycopene. Access opening and biomechanical preparation of all samples, and intracanal medicaments were placed respectively. Subsequently, interappointment flare-up was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 days using verbal rating scale. Statistical analysis used One way analysis of variance test and Tukey's post hoc test. Results There was no statistically significant difference seen in the clinical performance of CH + CHX, triple antibiotic paste, and mixture of CH + CHX + lycopene at the end of 14 days in terms of interappointment flare-up. Conclusion All the intracanal medicaments were effective in reducing interappointment flare-up at the end of 14 days. How to cite this article Bilgi PS, Shah NC, Mehta J. Comparative Evaluation of Mixture of Calcium Hydroxide and Chlorhexidine, with Triple Antibiotic Paste and Combination of Calcium Hydroxide, Chlorhexidine, and Lycopene on Incidence of Interappointment Flare-up: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Dent Res 2017;1(1):10-14.

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Deepak, Anupama. "Comparison of Effects of Triple Antibiotic Paste , Double Antibiotic Paste and Proton Pump Inhibitor on E. faecalis- An Invitro Study." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 13, no. 7 (August 25, 2020): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc/13.7/35.

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Yadlapati, M., L. C. Souza, S. Dorn, G. P. Garlet, A. Letra, and R. M. Silva. "Deleterious effect of triple antibiotic paste on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts." International Endodontic Journal 47, no. 8 (December 11, 2013): 769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iej.12216.

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Sasalawad, ShilpaS, SathyajithN Naik, Poornima P, and KK Shashibhushan. "Nonsurgical healing of large periradicular lesions using a triple antibiotic paste." Indian Journal of Oral Sciences 5, no. 3 (2014): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-6944.144539.

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Abbaszadegan, Abbas, Sahar Dadolahi, Ahmad Gholami, Mahmoud Reza Moein, Shahram Hamedani, Younes Ghasemi, and Paul Vincent Abbott. "Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Calcium Hydroxide, and Triple Antibiotic Paste as Root Canal Dressing Materials." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 17, no. 2 (2016): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1811.

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ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this article was (i) to define the chemical constituents of Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil (CEO), (ii) to compare the antimicrobial activity of CEO with triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] on planktonic and biofilm Enterococcus faecalis; and (iii) to compare the cytotoxicity of these medicaments on L929 fibroblasts. Materials and methods Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to define the constituents of CEO. Zone of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time-kill tests were performed. Further, 108 human teeth were infected with E. faecalis and treated with the medicaments for 1, 7, and 14 days. Cytotoxicity was assessed by exposing L929 fibroblasts to the medicaments. Results Cinnamaldehyde was the main component of CEO. Triple antibiotic paste had the greatest zone of inhibition and the smallest MIC and MBC. Triple antibiotic paste and CEO eradicated planktonic E. faecalis after 4 and 24 hours, while Ca(OH)2 failed to achieve 100% killing after 24 hours. Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil and TAP eradicated biofilm E. faecalis after 7 and 14 days, but Ca(OH)2 could not eliminate E. faecalis after 14 days. Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil was the most biocompatible medicament. Conclusion Cinnamomum zeylanicum essential oil is an efficient antibacterial agent against planktonic and biofilm E. faecalis and it was cytocompatible to L929 fibroblasts. Therefore, CEO has the potential to be used as an antimicrobial agent in root canal treatment. How to cite this article Abbaszadegan A, Dadolahi S, Gholami A, Moein MR, Hamedani S, Ghasemi Y, Abbott PV. Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Calcium Hydroxide, and Triple Antibiotic Paste as Root Canal Dressing Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(2):105-113.

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Arslan, H., I. D. Capar, G. Saygili, B. Uysal, T. Gok, H. Ertas, and H. S. Topcuoglu. "Efficacy of various irrigation protocols on the removal of triple antibiotic paste." International Endodontic Journal 47, no. 6 (October 18, 2013): 594–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iej.12194.

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Kirchhoff, A. L., D. P. Raldi, A. C. Salles, R. S. Cunha, and I. Mello. "Tooth discolouration and internal bleaching after the use of triple antibiotic paste." International Endodontic Journal 48, no. 12 (January 17, 2015): 1181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iej.12423.

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Taneja, Sonali, and Manju Kumari. "Use of triple antibiotic paste in the treatment of large periradicular lesions." Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry 3, no. 1 (August 11, 2011): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-1626.2011.00082.x.

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Mojarad, Farzad, Seyedeh Porousha Mahjoub Khatibani, and Atousa Janeshin. "Triple Antibiotic Paste Treatment in Progressive External Root Resorption: A Case Report." Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Pathology and Surgery 6, no. 3 (October 1, 2017): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/3dj.6.3.89.

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Shenoi, Pratima Ramakrishna, Chetana Sachin Makade, Deepa Deepak Shori, Sonal Pradeep Dhote, Mohit Kumar Gunwal, and Ameya Vasudeo Paralikar. "To Compare and Evaluate the Sealing Ability of Root Canal Sealer with and without Triple Antibiotic Paste using Ultraviolet-visible Spectrophotometric Analysis." International Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry 4, no. 2 (2014): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10019-1106.

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ABSTRACT Purpose The aim of current study was to compare and eva- luate the sealing ability of root canal sealer with and without triple antibiotic paste. Materials and methods Fifty extracted human single rooted teeth were selected and each test group had 25 teeth. The teeth were decoronated and then prepared with protaper rotary files till the no F2 in conjunction with 17% EDTA lubrication and 2 ml of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite irrigation. The teeth in group I were obturated using the zinc oxide sealer mixed with triple antibiotic paste and the teeth in group II were obturated using the zinc oxide sealer alone and then nail varnish was applied leaving the apical 3 mm of root exposed. The apical third was then immersed in 5 ml of 2% methylene blue dye in 15 ml screw capped bottle for 72 hours. The varnish was removed and the teeth were subsequently immersed in 35% nitric acid and kept again for 72 hours in a centrifugal tube. After the teeth were completely dissolved the solution was then filtered with a fine grit filter paper and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 1 minute. The collected solution was then subjected to spectrophotometric analysis. The data was evaluated statistically by Mann-Whitney U-test. Results The results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between the sealing ability of two groups evaluated. Conclusion Present study suggests that addition of triple anti-biotic paste to the sealer increased its sealing ability, reduced the microleakage and also imparts the antimicrobial property to the sealer. How to cite this article Shori DD, Shenoi PR, Dhote SP, Makade CS, Gunwal MK, Paralikar AV. To Compare and Eva- luate the Sealing Ability of Root Canal Sealer with and without Triple Antibiotic Paste using Ultraviolet-visible Spectrophoto- metric Analysis. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2014;4(2):48-51.

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Verma, Promila, Afsana Ansari, Aseem Prakash Tikku, Anil Chandra, Rakesh Kumar Yadav, Ramesh Bharti, and Rhythm Bains. "Effect of intracanal medicaments on radicular dentine: An attenuated total reflection-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis." Asian Journal of Oral Health and Allied Sciences 10 (May 16, 2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/ajohas_2_2020.

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Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of proton-pump inhibitor, triple antibiotic paste, and calcium hydroxide on the chemical arrangement of radicular dentine by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and its effect on dentine matrix of root canal under scanning electron microscopy. Materials and Methods: Eighteen mandibular premolars were sectioned to obtain 72 radicular dentine discs and exposed to triple antibiotic paste (tripaste), proton-pump inhibitor (PPI), calcium hydroxide (CH) paste, and deionized water (control) for 1, 2, or 4 weeks. FTIR analyzes the relative loss of organic and inorganic components using phosphate/amide I ratios of all samples. Results: Data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc comparisons. There was a significant difference in phosphate/amide I ratios for all the specimen statistically. Higher phosphate/amide I ratio was seen in sample treated with triple antibiotic paste (TAP) for 4 weeks as compared to 1 week (P = 0.24) and 2 weeks treated dentine (P = 0.34). The phosphate/amide I ratio of 1 week treated dentine was significantly higher than that of 2 weeks treated dentine. Sample treated with PPI for 4 weeks had lower phosphate/amide I ratio as compared to 1 week (P = 0.08) and 2 weeks treated dentine (P = 0.34), but there was no significant difference in 1 week and 2 weeks treated dentine. There was no significant effect of time for CH-treated dentine or in control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: All medicaments caused demineralization of radicular dentine depending on the duration of time. PPI caused maximum demineralization when treated for longer duration as compared to the use of TAP and CH.

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Albuquerque, Maria T. P., Stuart J. Ryan, Eliseu A. Münchow, Maria M. Kamocka, Richard L. Gregory, Marcia C. Valera, and Marco C. Bottino. "Antimicrobial Effects of Novel Triple Antibiotic Paste–Mimic Scaffolds on Actinomyces naeslundii Biofilm." Journal of Endodontics 41, no. 8 (August 2015): 1337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2015.03.005.

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Sarıyılmaz, Evren, and Cangül Keskin. "Evaluation of Double and Triple Antibiotic Paste Removal Efficiency of Various Irrigation Protocols." Meandros Medical and Dental Journal 20, no. 2 (August 26, 2019): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4274/meandros.galenos.2018.63496.

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Wang, Hsin-Ju, Yea-Huey Melody Chen, and Kuan-Liang Chen. "Conservative treatment of immature teeth with apical periodontitis using triple antibiotic paste disinfection." Journal of Dental Sciences 11, no. 2 (June 2016): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jds.2013.02.029.

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Taneja, Sonali, Manju Kumari, and Hari Parkash. "Nonsurgical healing of large periradicular lesions using a triple antibiotic paste: A case series." Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 1, no. 1 (2010): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-237x.62519.

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Abd El-Majeed, Sara, Mohsen Nour El-deen, Mohamed Rokaya, and Mohamed Sherif. "Comparative Evaluation of the Antibacterial Effect of Triple Antibiotic Paste Vesus Propolis as Intracanal Medicament." Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/adjg.2019.6578.1063.

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Sai Sankar, AJ, GAnuradha Reddy, E. Sridevi, K. Pranitha, MJ S. Pratap Gowd, and C. Vinay. "Endodontic treatment of chronically infected primary teeth using triple antibiotic paste: An in vivo study." Journal of Conservative Dentistry 20, no. 6 (2017): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcd.jcd_161_17.

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Abdel Hafez, Elsaeed, and Amgad Soliman. "Comparative Evaluation of the Antibacterial Effect of Triple Antibiotic Paste Versus Propolis as Intracanal Medicament." Egyptian Dental Journal 65, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 825–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/edj.2019.72869.

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Park, Hyon-Beom, Bin-Na Lee, Yun-Chan Hwang, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh, and Hoon-Sang Chang. "Treatment of non-vital immature teeth with amoxicillin-containing triple antibiotic paste resulting in apexification." Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics 40, no. 4 (2015): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.4.322.

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Ok, Evren, Mustafa Altunsoy, Bilge Gülsüm Nur, and Abdussamed Kalkan. "Effectiveness of different irrigation solutions on triple antibiotic paste removal from simulated immature root canal." Scanning 37, no. 6 (June 9, 2015): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sca.21229.

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Bains, Rhythm, Aseem P. Tikku, Promila Verma, and Pragya Pandey. "Antimicrobial efficacy of triple antibiotic paste in teeth with primary endodontic infection: A systematic review." Asian Journal of Oral Health and Allied Sciences 11 (June 4, 2021): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/ajohas_3_2021.

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Objectives: This systematic review aims to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) as an intracanal medicament for root canal treatment of permanent or primary teeth with primary endodontic infection, as compared to other intracanal medicaments. Material and Methods: Three electronic databases, namely PubMed, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar, were searched for articles published in the English language till December 2019. Two hundred eighty-three studies were obtained for screening from an electronic database and one from the reference list of an article. After screening 234 records by title and abstract, 226 were excluded, and eight were selected for full-text eligibility assessment. Finally four studies were included in the systematic review. Results: Due to variations in the methods of outcome measurement and its evaluation at different time points, it was impossible to present the results as a meta-analysis. Thus, a narrative synthesis was performed for TAP compared to comparators used. The overall quality of included studies suggested a moderate risk of bias. Three comparators were reported in the included studies: Calcium hydroxide (CH) with 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), CH alone, and Ocimum sanctum. The antimicrobial efficacy of TAP was significantly better than plain CH and O. sanctum, whereas results did not differ significantly between TAP and CH plus 2% CHX. Conclusion: There is a lack of sufficiently high-quality clinical studies regarding the use of TAP. More clinical trials are recommended comparing the antimicrobial efficacy of TAP and other intracanal medicaments under standard protocols to establish a strong clinical evidence.

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Zancan, Rafaela Fernandes, Bruno Cavalini Cavenago, Denise Ferracioli Oda, Clovis Monteiro Bramante, Flaviana Bombarda de Andrade, and Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte. "Antimicrobial Activity and Physicochemical Properties of Antibiotic Pastes Used In Regenerative Endodontics." Brazilian Dental Journal 30, no. 6 (November 2019): 536–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201902613.

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Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pH, solubility and antimicrobial action of Calcium Hydroxide Paste (CH), Double Antibiotic Paste (metronidazole+ciprofloxacin-DAP), calcium hydroxide added to DAP (CH/DAP) and Triple Antibiotic Paste (metronidazole + ciprofloxacin+minocycline-TAP). pH (n=10) were measured by pHmeter. Root canals of acrylic teeth (n=10) were filled with the above-mentioned intracanal-dressings, immersed in ultrapure water, and solubility was measured by the difference between the initial and final volume (7,15 and 30 days) by using micro-computed tomography. Enterococcus faecalis biofilm was induced on bovine dentin disc surfaces (n=20), and treated with the pastes for 7 days. Percentage bacterial viability was verified by confocal microscope, with LIVE/DEAD dye. CH and CH/DAP presented the highest pH values. Regarding solubility, after 7 days, antibiotic groups presented significant volume loss. CH and CH/DAP showed no statistical difference compared with the Control in antimicrobial action against E. faecalis biofilm. However, TAP and DAP presented a significant percentage reduction in bacterial population. Due to high solubility of the pastes, renewing antibiotic dressings every 7 days, or using the medications for this period in regeneration protocols is recommended. DAP is indicated for killing E. faecalis in biofilm because it has antimicrobial action similar to TAP. Adding Calcium Hydroxide to DAP significantly decreased its antimicrobial action. In spite of its the low solubility and high pH values, the CH paste showed a low level of antimicrobial action against E. faecalis in biofilm.

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Makkar, Sameer, Nisha Kaler, and Navjot Mann. "Pulp revascularization of an immature permanent tooth with apical periodontitis: A case report." Serbian Dental Journal 60, no. 2 (2013): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs1302099m.

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The present case report analyzes the outcome of revascularization treatment of an immature permanent tooth with necrotic pulp and apical periodontitis. The canal was disinfected with copious irrigation and application of triple antibiotic paste. After the disinfection protocol was completed, apical bleeding was induced in the canal resulting in the formation of a blood clot. An absorbable scaffold was placed over it followed by an adequate triple coronal seal. After nine months follow-up, increased thickening of dentinal walls with intact lamina dura and complete apical closure was reported radiographically. Therefore, revascularization therapy could be recommended as an alternative treatment option.

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Turkaydin, Dilek, Erhan Demir, Fatima Betul Basturk, and Hesna Sazak Övecoglu. "Efficacy of XP-Endo Finisher in the Removal of Triple Antibiotic Paste from Immature Root Canals." Journal of Endodontics 43, no. 9 (September 2017): 1528–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2017.04.017.

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A. Salem, Salem, Samy Y Baiomy, and Abdallah A. "The Effect of Triple Antibiotic Paste on Pulp Capping of Primary Teeth. (Clinical and Radiographic Study)." Al-Azhar Journal of Dental Science 21, no. 3 (July 1, 2018): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ajdsm.2018.71518.

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Thomas, ManuelSebastian. "Crown discoloration due to the use of triple antibiotic paste as an endodontic intra-canal medicament." Saudi Endodontic Journal 4, no. 1 (2014): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1658-5984.127985.

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Goomer, Pallvi, and RL Jain. "Non-surgical endodontic treatment of extraoral sinus with triple antibiotic paste and mineral trioxide aggregate obturation." Indian Journal of Oral Sciences 4, no. 2 (2013): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-6944.119934.

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Kangarlou, Ali, Rojin Neshandar, Negin Matini, and Omid Dianat. "Antibacterial efficacy of AH Plus and AH26 sealers mixed with amoxicillin, triple antibiotic paste and nanosilver." Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 10, no. 4 (December 21, 2016): 220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/joddd.2016.035.

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Dhillon, JaidevSingh, Bobbin Gill, SukhmilapSingh Ratol, SureshKumar Saini, Amita, and HarmandeepSingh Bedi. "Healing of a large periapical lesion using triple antibiotic paste and intracanal aspiration in nonsurgical endodontic retreatment." Indian Journal of Dentistry 5, no. 3 (2014): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-962x.140843.

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ALTUNSOY, Mustafa, Evren OK, Bilge Gülsüm NUR, Abdüssamet KALKAN, and Ebru KÜÇÜKYILMAZ. "Evaluation of Various Instrumentation Techniques on the Removal of Triple Antibiotic Paste from Simulated Immature Root Canals." Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences 21, no. 2 (2015): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/dentalsci.2014-42212.

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