Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Modular building systems'

Modular construction has been used for many years. Cold-formed steel with its advantages is commonly utilized in the modules. However, the challenge comes to the connections. Connections generally take substantial part of the expenditures. An easy erection and effective connection method could considerably achieve great cost saving and structural improvement. Current norms and specifications cannot cover the requirements in the design. This research investigated the connections in the cold-formed steel modular panel structure through experimental, analytical and numerical methods. FEMs were developed to predict the behaviours of the purlin-to-sheeting, stud-to-track and joist-to-post connections. A modified calculation method for the rotational stiffness of purlin-to-sheeting connection was proposed. This research also carried out parametric studies to figure out the influence of variables on connection performance. In the investigation, a series of tests about screw and bolt joints under pure and mixed loading scenarios were conducted. The results of the established FE models presented a great accordance with the test outcomes. The connection configurations applied in cold-formed steel panel system with high strength material were introduced in this research. It was proved that the proposed connecting methods can provide great improvement to the structural behaviour under normal and abnormal loading conditions.

Electro Hydrostatic Actuators (EHA) are emerging as a viable option for industrial machine builders as the design combines the best of both electro-mechanical and electro-hydraulic technologies. The EHA is a highly integrated, compact alternative to traditional hydraulic solutions. Automation engineers moving toward electro-mechanical actuation in pursuit of energy efficiency and environmental cleanliness, will find an EHA an attractive option for high force density actuators. This paper will address the factors to consider when assessing an industrial machine’s application suitability for this latest innovation in actuation. It describes principal base circuits, a concept for EHA building blocks and a realized pilot application as well as challenges on actuator and components level.

This study has presented a thorough review on steel Modular Building Systems including the execution of case studies on real-world MBS projects to establish an understanding of the current development and shortcomings of this emerging technology for which innovative solutions are later introduced. The review determined that the major limitations of this technology included lack of structurally-efficient designs, poor control of construction tolerances, impractical to construct designs and lack of measures to address fire-resisting performance. Several innovative design concepts were incorporated into a complete MBS module and proposed to address these shortcomings.

Orientador: João Mauricio Rosario
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T00:29:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_MarcosCorreade_M.pdf: 12573489 bytes, checksum: ef9faf7fa22617d76e44ea3d342a5073 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Resumo: Automação Predial é uma área da Engenharia que envolve a integração de diferentes conhecimentos, e através do crescimento explosivo da Internet e investimentos em infra-estrutura de comunicações, tem estimulado a incorporação de soluções tecnológicas inovadoras para automação em novos e já existentes empreendimentos, baseadas na busca do conforto, segurança, entretenimento e acessibilidade que se tornam disponíveis a um grande número de usuários. Neste contexto, este trabalho tem como principal objetivo apresentar uma proposta de metodologia para integração de sistemas de automação predial, baseados em conceitos já utilizados para sistemas automatizados industriais, direcionando a área de Automação Predial, a partir da integração dos sistemas independentes e modulares, visando a melhoria da qualidade de vida através da sistematização e planejamento de recursos, otimização de tempos, segurança, racionalização de serviços, qualidade, utilização do espaço, e uso eficiente de energia e recursos naturais. A comprovação experimental deste trabalho será realizada através de três aplicações industriais que mostram vantagens e benefícios dos conceitos apresentados, estruturação do problema, especificação de sensores e atuadores, sistema de supervisão e controle remoto (WeLlab) e integração de soluções em automação predial.
Abstract: Building automation is an engineering area that integrates others such as the ones of electrical, mechanics, electronics and computer science. It is thanks to the internet vast growth and communication infrastructure investments that innovative technical solutions for automation have taken place in the search for guaranteeing user's comfort, security, entertaining and accessibility. From the previous perspective, this work establish as main objective, the presentation of a methodology for systems integration in building automation based on industrial automation concepts applied to the building area. This allows the integration of independent and modular systems for offering an improved life quality thanks to the time, space and security handling and planning through the efficient use of natural and energetic resources. The experimental validation is done through three industrial applications which allow analyzing from the proposed methodology, how the problem structure, sensor and actuator selection, supervisory system and remote control (WebLab) can be integrated within a building automation solution.
Mestrado
Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Sandwichelemente mit Deckschichten aus Textilbeton und tragenden Dämmkernen verfügen über ein breites Leistungsprofil, von selbsttragenden Fassadenbauteilen bis zu tragenden Wand-, Dach- und Deckenbauteilen. Trotz der geringen Bauteilstärke von nur 18 – 20 cm besitzen Sandwichelemente aus Textilbeton neben der hohen Tragfähigkeit ein günstiges bauphysikalisches Verhalten hinsichtlich des Wärme- und Schallschutzes. Anhand eines kleinen Experimentalbaus wurde im Rahmen des Sonderforschungsbereichs SFB 532 an der RWTH Aachen die Anwendbarkeit von tragenden Sandwichbauteilen verifiziert. Dabei wurden wesentliche Fragestellungen wie Konstruktion und Gestalt, Tragverhalten, Bauteilfügung, Herstellungstechnik und Montage untersucht.

Robotics is an emerging field, and it is also affecting several other fields. Design of robotic platforms gains more importance since the focus and aim of the robotics research broadens widely and the variety of the users is significant. This work aims to present the design of a modular mobile robotic platform, which should be simple, easy to build and easy to use. The concept of modularity, usage of off-the shelf components and utilizing a PC platform, are addressed in this work. As a result of this work, a conceptual design is presented, and a prototype is built to highlight some important aspects of the conceptual design.

This work deals with the design of a new concept of construction of main parts of machine tools. It is based on the essence of the modular building system and the solution is to use of small elements that will make a whole group. The content of the thesis is focused on the creation of the procedure for the first prototype of the kit. Specific machine is then modeled from a solution.

The main scope of the present thesis centres around two key points: modular block and binding interface of 4 types (mechanical/electrical/data/thermal). Throughout the development process, the preliminary design of the modular block and mechanical interface was continuously modified, that eventually evolved into the micro-satellite platform of different unit sizes for various mission applications. Similar to CubeSat platforms, it opens perspectives for a cheaper and faster satellite deployment by means of modularization and standardization of future satellite systems. The proposed design is fully analysed from different perspectives and later compared to the satellite built in accordance with the traditional approach. This gives the assurance of the validity of the comparison due to the similar mission. As a part of the validation process, the economic analysis was conducted for three different approaches in spacecraft design, which led to the determination of the feasibility of small-mass production and plans for the future satellite constellation.

Thesis (MEng) -- Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The lack of adequate housing becomes an increasing concern as the human population increases, which is not only restricted to Africa, but worldwide. With the world becoming more environmentally aware, the aim towards more sustainable development has become more essential. This results in alternative building technologies (ABT’s) being investigated to address the backlog in housing. This study investigates plastic materials as structural elements in low-income housing to address the housing backlog in a structurally stable, cost efficient and environmentally sustainable manner. The viable plastic materials that were identified are FFC (foam-fibre composite) and WPC (wood-plastic composite) as structural elements and EPS (expanded polystyrene) as a core infill panel. Material parameters were obtained experimentally which were used in a numerical analysis to validate the structural stability of a modular WPC housing unit. The experimental work includes a direct compression, direct tension, compressive creep and a four-point bending test for the WPC. With the sandwich panels a push-though shear and four-point bending test were done. The compressive strength of the EPS as well as a relative bond strength of the selected adhesives was also tested. Furthermore, a comparative study was conducted on the fire performance (fire rating), cost efficiency as well as the environmental sustainability of three housing units constructed of FFC, WPC and block and mortar, respectively. In terms of structural stability, a modular plastic housing unit was devised and validated by both experimental work and plastic material investigations which showed that WPC can be used for load-bearing walling (with EPS as core infill panel), roofing and flooring systems. From the comparative study, it was found that the fire rating of the block and mortar housing unit met the requirements of 20 and 30 minutes for the internal and external walls, respectively, prescribed by SANS 10400-T (2011). The fire rating of the block and mortar housing unit was met in terms of integrity, insulation and stability. The two modular plastic housing units, however, only met the fire rating in terms of integrity and insulation, but failed to meet the requirements in terms of stability. The approach used to determine the fire behaviour of a housing unit is not as accurate as the physical fire test, since assumptions are made in terms of the fire properties. However, the approach gives an indication of the fire performance of a housing unit. FFC and WPC are laminated with PVC (polyvinyl chloride) which emits hydrochloride acid (HCl), when burning. Hydrochloride acid is a toxic gas. Thus, according to one of the minimum norms, stipulated by the NHBRC Home Building Manual and Agrément, an adequate housing unit should not emit harmful gasses. Although these regulations are not mandatory, in terms of this, WPC and FFC are not viable building materials for an adequate housing unit, especially when human behaviour and smoke control are considered. However, this aspect can be improved by adding additives to control, and in some cases prevent, smoke production. The comparative study also indicated that the cost efficiency of the FFC housing unit is comparable to that of the block and mortar design. The modular WPC housing unit has a cost which is substantially greater than that of the FFC as well as the block and mortar housing units. The modular plastic housing units, FFC as well as WPC, typically utilise unskilled labour to construct a housing unit, which can lead to the socioeconomic conditions of a community being improved by means of job creation. Due to the relative ease of construction of a modular plastic housing unit as well as a construction period of approximately three days, the demand for housing can be reached at a more rapid pace than by using conventional methods. In terms of the environmental sustainability, the plastic materials showed less negative environmental impacts as well as improved energy efficiency compared to the block and mortar unit.
AFRIKKANSE OPSOMMING: Die tekort aan voldoende behuising raak ʼn kommerwekkende probleem in die huidige samelewing soos die wêreld populasie aan hou toeneem, waar hierdie probleem nie net tot Afrika beperk is nie. Soos die wêreld meer omgewingsbewus raak, word daar gestrewe na meer volhoubare ontwikkeling in die boubedryf wat aanleiding gee tot die ontwikkeling van alternatiewe bou tegnologieë (ABT’e) om die behuisingsagterstand op te los. Plastiese materiale word ondersoek vir hul gebruik as strukturele elemente in lae-inkomste behuising om die behuisingsagterstand in ʼn struktureel stabiele-, koste effektiewe- en omgewingsvolhoubare manier op te los. Geskikte plastiese materiale is geïdentifiseer as SVS (skuim-vesel samestelling) en HPS (hout-plastiek samestelling) vir gebruik as strukturele elemente en uitgesette polistireen is gebruik as ʼn invul paneel. Materiële eienskappe was eksperimenteel bepaal, wat in ʼn numeriese analise gebruik was om die strukturele stabiliteit van ʼn modulêre HPS behuisingseenheid te verifieer. Die eksperimentele werk sluit ʼn direkte druk, direkte trek, druk kruip en ʼn vier-punt buig toets in, wat uitgevoer is met HPS. Vir die saamgestelde paneel was daar ʼn druk-deur skuif en ʼn vier-punt buig toets gedoen. ʼn Druk toets met die uitgesette polistireen en ʼn relatiewe verband sterkte vir die geselekteerde gomme was ook getoets. Verder, is ʼn vergelykende studie gedoen op die vuur uitvoering (vuurbestand waardering), koste effektiwiteit en die omgewingsvolhoubaarheid van ʼn SVS-, HPS- en blok-en-mortel behuisingseenheid. ’n Ontwerp is bepaal en geverifieer deur beide eksperimentele werk en analitiese ondersoeke, wat gewys het dat HPS gebruik kan word as ʼn lasdraende muurpaneel (met uitgesette polistireen invul), so wel as ʼn dak- en vloer sisteem. Daar is gevind, vanaf die vergelykende studie, dat die vuur uitvoering van die blok-en-mortel behuisingseenheid voldoen aan die vereiste van 20 en 30 minute onderskeidelik vir die interne en eksterne mure, soos voorgeskryf deur die SANS 10400-T (2011). Die vuur waardering van die blok-en-mortel behuisingseenheid het in terme van integriteit, insolasie en stabiliteit voldoen. Die twee modulêre plastiek behuisingseenhede het erger aan die vuur waardering slegs in trems van integriteit en insolasie voldoen. Hul het misluk in die voldoening in terme van stabiliteit. Die benadering wat gebruik was om die vuur gedrag van ʼn behuisingseenheid te bepaal, is nie so akkuraat soos ʼn fisiese vuur toets nie. Dit is omdat vir die benadering aannames in terme van die vuur eienskappe gemaak is. Die benadering gee egter ʼn indikasie van die vuur uitvoering van ʼn behuisingseenheid. SVS en HPS is gelamineer met PVC (poliviniel chloried) wat hidrochloried suur (HCl) afgee wanneer dit brand. Hidrochloried suur is ʼn giftige gas. Volgens een van die minimum norms, gestipuleer deur die NHBRC Home Building Manual en Agrément, moet ʼn voldoende behuisingseenheid nie giftige gasse afgee nie. Al is die regulasies nie verpligtend nie, in terme hiervan, is SVS en HPS nie ʼn uitvoerbare boumateriaal vir ʼn voldoende behuisingseenheid nie, veral wanneer menslike gedrag en rook beheer aangespreek word nie. Nietemin, die aspek kan verbeter word deur die byvoeging van bymiddels om die rook produsering te verminder en in sommige omstandighede te voorkom. Die vergelykende studie het ook gewys, dat die koste effektiwiteit van die SVS-behuisingseenheid vergelykbaar is met die van ʼn blok-en-mortel behuisingseenheid. Die HPS-behuisingseenheid se koste is aansienlik hoër as die van SVS-en die blok-en-mortel behuisingseenheid. Die modulêre plastiese, SVS en HPS, behuisingseenheid maak tipies gebruik van ongeskoolde werkers om die behuisingseenhuid op te rug, wat tot ʼn verbetering in die sosio-ekonomiese toestande in ʼn gemeenskap kan lei, deur dat dit werk skep. Aangesien die modulêre plastiese behuisingseenheid met relatiewe gemak en in ongeveer drie dae opgerig kan word, kan die aanvraag tot behuising vinniger bereik word, as wanner die konvensionele boumetodes gebruik word. In terme van omgewingsvolhoubaarheid, het die plastiese materiale minder negatiewe omgewingsimpakte en is meer energie-doeltreffend in vergelyking met die blok-en-mortel onwerp.

The thesis deals with the development of systems for intelligent building, focused on wiring system, division of them and comparison of their differences. The advantages of these systems like comfort, energy reduction, etc. are also mentioned. Nowadays several standards of systems for intelligent building exist as KNX/EIB or LON, therefore thesis concerns to trade-off these standards too. Main part of the thesis is focused on system Egon made by company ABB where the system concept as well as bus modules are described that allow different functions, mutual connection of modules and their programming. Tutorial panel with ABB Ego-n wiring system, which will be used for study purpose, is designed in the practical part of the work. It includes scheme of the panel, electric linkage of components and photographs of constructed panel as documentation. In the final part of the work two examples of laboratory exercise for installation and setting are listed, including programming description.

The intent of this thesis is to develop a concept for a structural and enclosure building system that will be applicable to the typical existing housing units in San Juan, P. R. The system will respond to criteria based on environmental, socio-cultural and architectural concerns.
Master of Architecture

The main aim of this article is the solution of actual reengineering business process problem of labor intensity calculation, which is carried out at the JSC Nasosenergomash enterprise. The model of the existing process is formed in this work, which analysis allow to identify factors that reduce the effectiveness of the calculation. As a result of the research was formed a renewed model of the updated business process, without revealed faults. The technology, which will allow the reengineering business process is proposed and will lead it to the new model.

Bakgrunden till arbetet är en problematik som bland annat Boverket belyser och som idag är aktuell i flera kommuner, nämligen att kommunerna vill bygga tätare, mer yteffektivt och funktionsblandat. Samtidigt är bostadsbristen fortfarande ett problem i flera kommuner. Studenter och unga vuxna är särskilt drabbade av bostadsbristen och har svårigheter med att skaffa en bostad utifrån deras ekonomiska förutsättningar. Med detta i åtanke är bostäderna i förslaget avsedda för denna målgrupp. Detta arbete har som mål att presentera ett förslag på hur tillfälliga bostäder i form av modulhus kan byggas på underutnyttjade platser i storstäder som Stockholm. En inspiration till arbetet var konceptet SNABBA HUS som handlar om att bygga flyttbara modulhus på tomter med tillfälliga bygglov. Syftet med denna studie är att visa ett exempel på hur estetiskt tilltalande och välutformade modulhus kan bidra till att omvandla en underutnyttjad plats till ett multifunktionellt område. Fokus för arbetet ligger på gestaltning och byggnadsutformning. Med hänsyn till de miljöaspekter som varit av stor vikt under utbildningens gång är frågor kring vatten- och avloppshantering samt hållbara materialval av intresse i arbetet. I arbetet gjordes en lokaliseringsutredning för att identifiera en lämplig plats och kartlägga dess förutsättningar för uppförandet av de framtagna modulhusen. Genom en designundersökning som innefattat granskning av liknande projekt kring modulhus har metoder för en mer estetiskt tilltalande utformning identifierats. Via litteraturstudier och konsultationer undersöktes möjligheten för tillämpning av ett småskaligt vatten- och avloppsystem för att göra bostäderna oberoende av allmänna ledningssystem och främja mobilitet. Litteraturstudier om KL-trä (korslimmat trä) har genomförts för att sammanlänka de miljömässiga och estetiska aspekter som varit viktiga under arbetet. Arbetet har lett till ett förslag på utformningen av studentbostäder uppförda med tillfälligt bygglov ovanför en parkeringsplats. Modulhusen är utformade efter standardmåtten för en parkeringsplats och de gällande kraven för transport. De flyttbara modulhusens konstruktion möjliggör att de kan staplas i höjd- och sidled enligt önskemål. Uppförandet av bostäderna skulle innebära ett bättre utnyttjande av platsen för att möta kommunernas behov och kan antas skapa underlag till framväxt av ett multifunktionellt stadsområde.
The background of this work is an issue that the Swedish National Board of Housing, Building and Planning (Boverket) illuminates and which is currently relevant in several municipalities in Sweden, namely efforts towards a mixing of functions, densification and a more efficient exploitation of urban areas. The housing shortage is still a problem in several municipalities. Students and young adults are particularly affected by the housing shortage and have difficulties obtaining a home due to their financial conditions. The dwellings in the proposal of the study are intended for this target group. The goal of this thesis is to present a proposal on how temporary dwellings in the form of modular houses can be built on underutilized sites in big cities such as Stockholm. An inspiration for the thesis was the concept SNABBA HUS which is about building mobile modular houses with temporary building permits. The purpose of this thesis is to show an example of how well-designed modular houses can contribute to the conversion of an underutilized space into a multifunctional area. This work has focused mainly on design and planning for housing. Questions about water, sewage and sustainable materials have been of interest due to the environmental aspects that have been of significant importance during the education of the authors. A survey was carried out in order to identify a suitable location for the assembling of the proposed module houses. Methods for a more aesthetically pleasing design have been identified through a design study that included examination of similar projects about modular houses. Literature studies and consultations were carried out to examine the possibility of applying a small-scale water and sewage system to make the houses independent of general pipeline systems and promote mobility. Literature studies about CLT (cross-laminated timber) were made in efforts to link the important aspects of environment and design. This thesis presents a proposal of the design of student housing raised above a parking lot with a temporary building permit. The modular houses are designed to fit the standard measures of two parking spaces and to meet the conditions regarding transportation. The way the modules are constructed makes it possible to stack them in close position and on top of each other. The assembling of the houses would mean a higher grade of exploitation to meet the need of the municipalities and can presumably create a basis for the emergence of a multifunctional urban area.

The city with its urban density, infrastructure, and cultural, social and educational opportunities can be a desirable place to live for all - regardless of age, income or background. The city of today has changed considerably from the city of the 19th century. Neither is it the city of the future. However, it has great potential to anticipate to the challenges we will face in the future. It is a place that constantly changes. It is a living organism! This constant change is a challenge for architects to develop concepts and design-solutions that can react to shifting uses, zoning requirements, and dweller habits. The constant alteration of lifestyle, residential and commercial use, as well as job-related needs demands a high flexibity and adaptability in architecture and urban planning. Today's life is fast and unpredictable. Other contemporary issues such as sustainabilty or climate change are becoming key issues of today's discussion - in society, in the media and in world policy. Architects - responsible for our built environment - have to find innovative solutions to such ever-changing problems within their profession - within architecture. How can a concept, project or building be designed or constructed to anticipate those future needs, and what are the limits? To explore these questions and many more that followed I chose a site in midtown Washington DC. My thesis project includes 23 townhouses with partial retail, incorporated along an alley in the interior of a city block. The new development is integrated into the existing structure.
Master of Architecture

The industrialized timber housing process is capable nowadays to build multi-storeyhouses since fairly new changes in the Swedish regulations where made after theadmission of the European Union in 1994.The industrialized process moves parts of the construction process into a highlyeffective factory where 3D-volumes of the building are prefabricated beforetransportation to the building site for assemble.The assembly process is relatively effective compared to the completion of thebuilding service system and this is therefore the main focus in this thesis. This thesisattends problems with completion of the building service system, and thereforedemarcates from other aspects, such as technical and economic aspects, of thebuilding service system.The degree of completion of the flats differs from completion of the connectivepassages, for example hallways, in a way that suggests a need for further investigation.This thesis includes analysis of the possibilities to increase the prefabricatedconnective passages, to the extent of containing building service systems.An increase of the prefabrication of the building service system has a greatdevelopment potential, even though some restraining factors need to be solvedbefore implementation.This thesis was made in collaboration with two of Sweden’s leading companies on themarket of multi-storey industrialized timber housing, Moelven ByggModul AB andLindbäcks Bygg AB.

Idag blir det allt vanligare med träbyggnader högre än två våningar. Detta tillsammans med en modern arkitektur som ger stora öppna planlösningar ställer höga krav på bjälklagen i träbyggnader. Problematiken med långa spännvidder för bjälklag i trä är att klara kraven för svikt och nedböjning. Dessa krav måste uppfyllas för att säkerställa funktioner hos andra byggdelar och för att människor inte ska uppleva att golvet sviktar eller vibrerar på ett obehagligt sätt.

Ett träbjälklag bestående av limmade balkar av sidobräder har utvecklats. Bjälklaget är utformat av balkar med I-tvärsnitt i primärriktningen och rektangulära balktvärsnitt i sekundärriktningen. Examensarbetet omfattar laborativa provningar och beräkningar dels för att bestämma en böjelasticitetsmodul för varje enskild limmad balk och dels för att bestämma styvhetsegenskaperna för bjälklaget.

De limmade träbalkarna ingår i ett forskningsprojekt vid Växjö universitet finansierat av KK-stiftelsen, som syftar till att undersöka möjligheterna att tillverka en konkurrenskraftig produkt genom att i grönt tillstånd (otorkat) limma ihop bräder från stockens yttre delar till balkar. Balkarna levererades limmade och hyvlade till universitet där en böjelasticitetsmodul först bestämdes för varje enskild balk. Därefter monterades balkarna ihop till ett fullskaligt bjälklag som provades med olika försöksuppställningar/lastfall varvid deformationen mättes upp. Dessa deformationer blir underlag för att bestämma bjälklagets styvhet.

Böjstyvheten i primärriktningen uppgår till 17,55 x 1012 Nmm2/m enligt beräkningar baserade på laborativa resultat. Böjstyvheten i sekundärriktningen uppgår till 4,5 % av primärriktningens böjstyvhet, dvs. 0,79 x 1012 Nmm2/m. Sammanfattningsvis kan man säga att böjstyvheten är hög i båda riktningar i jämförelse med vanliga träbjälklag.

In Sweden it becomes more and more common with wood buildings higher than two floors. This along with a modern architecture that gives big open plan solutions sets high requirements on the floor systems in wood buildings. The complexes of problems with long spans for floor systems in wood are to match the requirements for elasticity and deformation. These requirements must be met in order to ensure functions of other construction components, and not be unpleasant for people to walk on with respect to vibrations.

A wooden floor system consisting of green glued side wood sections has been developed. The floor system is made with I-profiled beams in the primary direction and rectangular cross-sections in the secondary direction. This diploma work is based on that through elaborative testing and numeric calculations to decide the stiffness properties for each individual green glued side wood section and for the floor system.

The glued side wood sections are included in a project at Växjö University, which is financed by the KK-foundation. The sections were delivered glued and planed to the university where the stiffness properties were first determinded for each individual section. Then, the sections were assembled to one fully sized floor system that was exposed to different experiments as the deformation was measured. These deformations were later used in order to decide the stiffness of the floor system.

The stiffness in the primary direction was prescribed to 17,55 x 1012 Nmm2/m after calculations using results from the tests. The stiffness in the secondary direction amounts to 4,5% of the primary directions stiffness, i e. 0,79 x 1012 Nmm2/m. To sum up, one can say that the stiffness is high in both directions compared to regular wooden floor systems.

В настоящее время активно развиваются средства автоматизированного проектирования (САПР), что не может не сказываться на эффективности и разнообразии реализации строительных процессов. Среди широкой гаммы представленных вариаций САПР особое место сейчас занимает продвижение интеллектуального, а точнее информационного проектирования. BIM (с английского Building Information Modeling), а именно информационное моделирование зданий обладает рядом неоспоримых преимуществ по сравнению с устоявшейся системой CAD (с английского Computer-Аided Design). Также BIM-технологии обладают внушительной функциональностью, так как их применение целесообразно не только на стадии проектирования, но и на стадиях строительства и эксплуатации зданий и сооружений. Цель научно-исследовательской работы заключается в разработке программного модуля (плагина) для программного обеспечения Revit 2019, плагин автоматизирует один из процессов строительного проектирования, а именно процесс отделки помещений. Реализовать автоматизацию можно только на основе информации из BIM-модели.
Currently, computer-aided design (CAD) tools are actively developing, which cannot but affect the efficiency and variety of implementation of construction processes. Among the wide range of CAD variations presented, a special place is now occupied by the promotion of intelligent, or rather informational design. BIM (from English Building Information Modeling), namely building information modeling, has a number of undeniable advantages over the established CAD system (from English Computer-Aided Design). Also, BIM technologies have impressive functionality, since their use is advisable not only at the design stage, but also at the stages of construction and operation of buildings and structures. The purpose of the research work is to develop a software module (plug-in) for the Revit 2019 software, the plug-in automates one of the building design processes, namely the interior decoration process. Automation can only be implemented based on information from the BIM model.

博士
南華大學
企業管理系管理科學碩博士班
99
In the era of customer-oriented merchandising marketing, consumers can depend on the status of their needs to purchase the products at different levels of model or function. Therefore, the manufacturers modulate their products by the level of functions and components. Hence, with the same major component of the product can be tuned to various categories and grades to enhance the competitiveness of their products. 　 　　In this research, we use two different theoretical models for customized modular product design to establish the relationship of product evaluation between the status of consumer demands and the features of the product. Furthermore, by using different theories and the database of the product modules, that built through the inputs of the experts, we build the criteria for recommending the most suitable product by its modulated functions or components. Then, such mechanism is used to provide customer recommendation system for two different companies with their modulated products. The company can use the system to recommend suitable modulated product according to the needs of different customers. The customer can also use the system to search the desired products by inputting the requirement information. 　 　　The model build by the customized modular product design in this research, product design model I: we use fuzzy information axiom as the evaluation and decision principle of the product design model. Product design model II: the Analytical Hierarchy Process, Fuzzy Set Theory, Back-Propagation neural network, and Gray Relational Analysis are also used for the evaluation and decision principle of the product design model.With the maturity of current network technologies and e-commerce practices, a suitable recommendation service system to guide customer’s needs is needed for marketing. The manufacturers can use this system to extract the information of the needs for their customers as well as the choices of the products the made. Such information should provide valuable inputs for the sales and future improvement of the product to the company.

碩士
淡江大學
資訊工程學系碩士在職專班
100
Air conditioner is a power-hungry appliance in our life. Reducing power con-sumption and optimizing operational efficiency are important topics in smart space development. This paper builds an intelligent air conditioning system based on embedded modules. The temperature sensor module detects the surrounding temperature and transmits the collected data to the central control module via Zigbee protocol. Upon receiving the data from the temperature sensor module, the central control module analyzes the temperature in the room and further operates via IR transmitters to optimize the working parameters of the air conditioner according to the latest temperature data. This development not only shows the intellect of electrical appliances, but also achieves the purpose of saving energy.