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Journal articles on the topic 'Modulation delta-sigma'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Chou, W., and R. M. Gray. "Modulo sigma-delta modulation." IEEE Transactions on Communications 40, no. 8 (1992): 1388–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/26.156643.

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2

Gray, R. "Oversampled Sigma-Delta Modulation." IEEE Transactions on Communications 35, no. 5 (1987): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1987.1096814.

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3

Chou, W., P. W. Wong, and R. M. Gray. "Multistage sigma-delta modulation." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 35, no. 4 (July 1989): 784–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/18.32155.

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4

Luckjiff, G., and I. Dobson. "Hexagonal Sigma-Delta modulation." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications 50, no. 8 (August 2003): 991–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2003.815190.

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5

Schreier, R., and M. Snelgrove. "Bandpass sigma-delta modulation." Electronics Letters 25, no. 23 (1989): 1560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19891048.

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6

Aziz, P., H. Sorensen, and J. van der Spiegel. "Multiband sigma-delta modulation." Electronics Letters 29, no. 9 (1993): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19930509.

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7

Wong, P. W., and R. M. Gray. "Two-stage sigma-delta modulation." IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing 38, no. 11 (1990): 1937–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/29.103095.

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8

Candy, J. "Decimation for Sigma Delta Modulation." IEEE Transactions on Communications 34, no. 1 (1986): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1986.1096432.

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9

Roza, E. "Poly-phase sigma-delta modulation." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing 44, no. 11 (1997): 915–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/82.644045.

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10

Ioka, Eri, Nozomi Watanabe, Ryo Makishima, and Yasuyuki Matsuya. "Noise Characteristic of the Chaotic Double Loop Delta Sigma Modulator." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 26, no. 11 (October 2016): 1650178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127416501789.

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The chaotic delta sigma modulator is a way to suppress the limit cycle oscillation caused by the input of a null or constant signal. By changing integrator gains, the output sequence becomes chaotic and the noise characteristic of the output is changed. This noise characteristic is an important factor for evaluating the performance of delta sigma modulation. The aim of this study is to analyze the noise characteristic of chaotic double loop delta sigma modulation when the null signal is input. We use a bifurcation diagram and FFT analysis to obtain the parameter dependence of the output state and noise characteristic, respectively. The output status of the chaotic double loop delta sigma modulation can be guessed from a bifurcation diagram with the brute force method. We also investigate the noise characteristic of the output signal of the chaotic modulator with FFT analysis and classify the various noise characteristics by changing the integrator gains of the double loop delta sigma modulator. We use FFT and the bifurcation diagram to classify these noise characteristics into three categories: suppressed tone (affected by the chaos), divergence, and the appearance of the limit cycle oscillation. We also confirm the existence of an unusual noise-shaping characteristic caused by the intermittent chaos.
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11

Chou, W., and R. M. Gray. "Dithering and its effects on sigma-delta and multistage sigma-delta modulation." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 37, no. 3 (May 1991): 500–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/18.79906.

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12

Song, Jinook, and In-Cheol Park. "Spur-Free MASH Delta-Sigma Modulation." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 57, no. 9 (September 2010): 2426–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2010.2043993.

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13

Al-Samarraie, A. M. A. H., and M. A. H. Abdul-Karim. "Digital correlator using delta-sigma modulation." IEE Proceedings G (Electronic Circuits and Systems) 132, no. 1 (1985): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-g-1.1985.0003.

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14

Zappulla, Richard, Josep Virgili-Llop, and Marcello Romano. "Spacecraft Thruster Control via Sigma–Delta Modulation." Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics 40, no. 11 (November 2017): 2928–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.g002986.

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15

Tao, Hai, and John M. Khoury. "Bandpass sigma-delta modulation using frequency translation." Computer Standards & Interfaces 20, no. 6-7 (March 1999): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5489(99)91056-5.

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16

Wong, P. W., and R. M. Gray. "FIR filters with sigma-delta modulation encoding." IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing 38, no. 6 (June 1990): 979–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/29.56058.

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17

Birru, D. "Optimized reduced sample rate sigma-delta modulation." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing 44, no. 11 (1997): 896–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/82.644043.

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18

Wong, P. W. "Fully sigma-delta modulation encoded FIR filters." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 40, no. 6 (June 1992): 1605–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/78.139273.

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19

Wong, P. W., and R. M. Gray. "Sigma-delta modulation with i.i.d. Gaussian inputs." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 36, no. 4 (July 1990): 784–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/18.53738.

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20

Dick, C., and F. Harris. "FPGA signal processing using sigma-delta modulation." IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 17, no. 1 (2000): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/79.814644.

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21

Coenen, A. J. R. M. "Maximum SQNR formula for delta-sigma modulation." Electronics Letters 26, no. 15 (1990): 1115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19900721.

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22

Colodro, F., A. Torralba, and M. Laguna. "Continuous-Time Sigma–Delta Modulator With an Embedded Pulsewidth Modulation." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 55, no. 3 (April 2008): 775–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2008.919764.

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23

Memon, Tayab, Paul Beckett, and Amin Z. Sadik. "Sigma-Delta Modulation Based Digital Filter Design Techniques in FPGA." ISRN Electronics 2012 (November 14, 2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/538597.

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In this paper efficient digital filter design techniques categorized as sigma-delta modulation based short word length (SWL) and multibit (or contemporary) techniques are reviewed in terms of hardware complexity, area, performance and power tradeoffs, synthesis issues, and algorithm versatility. More recent, general purpose DSP applications including classical LMS algorithms reported using sigma-delta modulation encoding are reviewed thoroughly. A small number of basic arithmetic circuits designed using sigma-delta modulation encoding and synthesized by using FPGAs are also described. Finally, recent FPGA based area-performance-power analysis of single-bit ternary FIR filtering is discussed and compared to its corresponding multi-bit system. This work shows that in most cases single-bit ternary FIR-like filters are able to outperform their equivalent multi-bit filters in terms of area, power, and performance.
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24

Aomori, Hisashi, Tsuyoshi Otake, Nobuaki Takahashi, and Mamoru Tanaka. "Sigma–delta cellular neural network for 2D modulation." Neural Networks 21, no. 2-3 (March 2008): 349–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2007.12.020.

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25

Sandler, Eugene A., Dmitri A. Gusev, Gregory Y. Milman, and Mikhail L. Podolsky. "Estimating from outputs of oversampled delta-sigma modulation." Signal Processing 59, no. 3 (June 1997): 305–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-1684(97)00056-x.

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26

Dayu Yang, F. F. Dai, Weining Ni, Shi Yin, and R. C. Jaeger. "Delta-Sigma Modulation for Direct Digital Frequency Synthesis." IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems 17, no. 6 (June 2009): 793–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvlsi.2008.2008458.

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27

Wang, Jing, Zhensheng Jia, Luis Alberto Campos, and Curtis Knittle. "Delta-Sigma Modulation for Next Generation Fronthaul Interface." Journal of Lightwave Technology 37, no. 12 (June 15, 2019): 2838–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2018.2872057.

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28

Zierhofer, C. M. "Adaptive sigma-delta modulation with one-bit quantization." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing 47, no. 5 (May 2000): 408–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/82.842109.

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29

Yu-Chung Huang and Wei-Shinn Wey. "Second-order delta-sigma modulation with interfered reference." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing 48, no. 2 (2001): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/82.917790.

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30

Bergsten, T., K. Rydler, O. Gunnarsson, G. Eklund, and V. Tarasso. "A Precision Current Source Using $\Delta$– $\Sigma$ Modulation." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 60, no. 7 (July 2011): 2341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2011.2117250.

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31

Kavusi, S., H. Kakavand, and A. E. Gamal. "On incremental sigma-delta modulation with optimal filtering." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 53, no. 5 (May 2006): 1004–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2006.870218.

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32

Riley, T. A. D., M. A. Copeland, and T. A. Kwasniewski. "Delta-sigma modulation in fractional-N frequency synthesis." IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 28, no. 5 (May 1993): 553–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/4.229400.

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33

He, N., F. Kuhlmann, and A. Buzo. "Double-loop sigma-delta modulation with DC input." IEEE Transactions on Communications 38, no. 4 (April 1990): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/26.52660.

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34

Reiss, J. D., and M. B. Sandler. "The benefits of multibit chaotic sigma delta modulation." Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 11, no. 2 (June 2001): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1371284.

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35

Arce, G. R., N. A. Grabowski, and N. C. Gallagher. "Weighted median filters with sigma-delta modulation encoding." IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing 48, no. 2 (2000): 489–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/78.823975.

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36

Yu, J., M. B. Sandler, and R. E. Hawken. "Adaptive quantisation for one-bit sigma-delta modulation." IEE Proceedings G Circuits, Devices and Systems 139, no. 1 (1992): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ip-g-2.1992.0009.

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37

Dunn, C., and M. Sandler. "Adaptive sigma-delta modulation for use in DACs." Electronics Letters 32, no. 10 (1996): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19960612.

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38

Hernandez, L. "Frequency synthesis based on bandpass sigma-delta modulation." Electronics Letters 32, no. 18 (1996): 1642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19961131.

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39

Feely, Orla. "Nonlinear dynamics and chaos in Sigma-Delta modulation." Journal of the Franklin Institute 331, no. 6 (November 1994): 903–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-0032(94)90092-2.

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40

Maezawa, Koichi, Tatsuo Ito, and Masayuki Mori. "Delta-sigma modulation microphone sensors employing a resonant tunneling diode with a suspended microstrip resonator." Sensor Review 40, no. 5 (July 20, 2020): 535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-03-2020-0044.

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Purpose This paper aims to propose and demonstrate novel microphone sensors based on the frequency delta-sigma modulation (FDSM) technique, which replaces the conventional delta-sigma modulator in the delta-sigma analog-to digital converters. A key of the FDSM technology is to use a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) for converting an input analog signal to a 1-bit pulse-density modulated digital signal. High-performance sensors can be realized if the VCO is replaced by an oscillator whose oscillation frequency depends on an external physical parameter. Design/methodology/approach Microphone sensors are proposed based on FDSM that uses a suspended microstrip disk resonator, where the backside ground plane is replaced by a thin metal diaphragm. A resonant tunneling diode (RTD) oscillator is also used, as the performance of these sensors significantly depends on the oscillation frequency. To demonstrate the basic operation of the proposal, prototype devices were fabricated with an InGaAs/AlAs RTD. Findings A satisfactory noise shaping property, which is a significant nature of delta-sigma modulation, was demonstrated over three decades for the prototype device. A sound-sensing peak was also clearly observed when applying 1 kHz sound from a speaker. Practical implications High-performance ultrasonic microphone sensors can be realized if the sensors are fabricated by using a thin InP substrate with high-frequency oscillator design. Originality/value In this study, the authors proposed and experimentally demonstrated novel microphone sensors, which are promising as future ultrasonic sensors that have high dynamic range with wide bandwidth.
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41

Lima, Vasco, Jorge Cabral, Burkhard Kuhlmann, and Luis Alexandre Rocha. "Low-Pressure Small MEMS Accelerometer Using Sigma-Delta Modulation." Proceedings 2, no. 13 (November 13, 2018): 1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2131029.

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Encapsulation of MEMS accelerometers in vacuum is advantageous, since it allows integration with other sensors, leading to size and cost reduction. One technique to operate MEMS accelerometers in vacuum is the use of closed-loop Sigma-Delta modulation, which has many advantages. In this paper, the design of a vacuum encapsulated small size MEMS accelerometer (0.2 mm2) and the preliminary measured results are presented. Experimental devices were fabricated and operated in 2nd and 3rd order Sigma-Delta modulators, achieving a noise figure of 389 µg/√Hz for a bandwidth of 200 Hz and a measurement range of at least ±1 g.
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42

Alargt, Farag S., Ahmed S. Ashur, Mohamed A. Shrud, and Ahmad H. Kharaz. "Interleaved Boost DC-DC Converter Using Delta-Sigma Modulation Suitable for Renewable Energy Applications." International Journal of Computer and Electrical Engineering 6, no. 4 (2014): 283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijcee.2014.v6.839.

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43

Miranda, Igor D. dos S., and Antonio C. de C. Lima. "Impulsive Sound Detection Directly in Sigma-Delta Domain." Archives of Acoustics 42, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoa-2017-0028.

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Abstract Recent implementations of Sigma-Delta (ΣΔ) converters have achieved low cost, low power consumption, and high integration while maintaining resolution as high as in Nyquist-rate converters. However, its usage implies demodulating the source signal delivered from ΣΔ modulation to Pulse-Code Modulation (PCM) on a pre-processing stage. This work proposes an algorithm based on Discrete Cosine Transform for impulsive signal detection to be applied directly on a modulated ΣΔ bitstream, targeting to reduce computational cost in acoustic event detection applications such as gunshot recognition systems. From pre-recorded impulsive sounds in ΣΔ format, it has been shown that the new method presents a similar error rate in comparison with traditional energy-based approaches in PCM, meanwhile, it reduces significantly the number of operations per unit time.
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44

Feger, Reinhard, Herman Jalli Ng, Clemens Pfeffer, and Andreas Stelzer. "A Delta–Sigma modulator-based heterodyne FMCW radar for short-range applications." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 6, no. 3-4 (March 18, 2014): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078714000063.

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We present a heterodyne frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar, applicable in short-range applications. Owing to a modulation of the transmit (TX) signal, the intermediate frequency (IF) signal can be shifted away from zero frequency to reduce the influence of dc-offsets and low-frequency disturbances like, e.g. flicker noise existing in components like mixers, amplifiers and analog-to-digital converters. The presented system is based on E-band transceivers realized in SiGe technology, which are fully integrated with antennas in a plastic package. A sinusoidal modulation of the TX signal is realized by a binary phase-shift keying modulator, which is controlled by a Delta–Sigma sequence. The choice of a sinusoidal modulation allows to reuse signal processing blocks which are typically available in FMCW radars. Measurements show that the achievable signal-to-noise ratio is comparable to a homodyne realization since the Delta–Sigma noise can be filtered in the IF stage. Experiments with a bandwidth of 8 GHz demonstrate measurements down to 12 cm with standard deviations of the measured ranges lower than 60 µm. Compared to a homodyne realization the blocking distance could be reduced by approximately 40 mm.
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45

Lim, Ji-Youn, Sang-Hoon Cheon, Kyeong-Hak Kim, Song-Cheol Hong, and Dong-Wook Kim. "Novel Polar Transmitter with 2-Bit Sigma-Delta Modulation." Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 18, no. 8 (August 31, 2007): 970–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2007.18.8.970.

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46

Reekmans, S., P. Rombouts, and L. Weyten. "Mismatch Insensitive Double-Sampling Quadrature Bandpass $\Sigma\Delta$ Modulation." IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 54, no. 12 (December 2007): 2599–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2007.906062.

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47

Maezawa, K., S. Fujino, T. Yamaoka, and M. Mori. "Delta‐sigma modulation microphone sensors using microwave cavity resonator." Electronics Letters 52, no. 20 (September 2016): 1651–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el.2016.2538.

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48

Gunturk, C. S., J. C. Lagarias, and V. A. Vaishampayan. "On the robustness of single-loop sigma-delta modulation." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 47, no. 5 (July 2001): 1735–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/18.930914.

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49

Candy, J. "A Use of Double Integration in Sigma Delta Modulation." IEEE Transactions on Communications 33, no. 3 (1985): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1985.1096276.

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50

Park, S. J., and R. M. Gray. "Sigma-delta modulation with leaky integration and constant input." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 38, no. 5 (1992): 1512–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/18.149502.

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