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Journal articles on the topic 'Modulation of cell size'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Vanoni, M., R. L. Rossi, L. Querin, V. Zinzalla, and L. Alberghina. "Glucose modulation of cell size in yeast." Biochemical Society Transactions 33, no. 1 (2005): 294–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0330294.

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells grown in glucose have larger average size than cells grown in ethanol. Besides, yeast must reach a carbon source-modulated critical cell size in order to enter S phase at Start. This control is of outmost physiological relevance, since it allows us to coordinate cell growth with cell cycle progression and it is responsible for cell size homeostasis. The cell sizer mechanism requires the overcoming of two sequential thresholds, involving Cln3 and Far1, and Clb5,6 and Sic1, respectively. When both thresholds are non-functional, carbon source modulation of cell size

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Duncombe, Todd A., Chi-Chih Kang, Santanu Maity, et al. "Hydrogel Pore-Size Modulation for Enhanced Single-Cell Western Blotting." Advanced Materials 28, no. 2 (2015): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201503939.

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Baroni, M. D., E. Martegani, P. Monti, and L. Alberghina. "Cell size modulation by CDC25 and RAS2 genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 6 (1989): 2715–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.6.2715-2723.1989.

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A detailed kinetic analysis of the cell cycle of cdc25-1, RAS2Val-19, or cdc25-1/RAS2Val-19 mutants during exponential growth is presented. At the permissive temperature (24 degrees C), cdc25-1 cells show a longer G1/unbudded phase of the cell cycle and have a smaller critical cell size required for budding without changing the growth rate in comparison to an isogenic wild type. The RAS2Val-19 mutation efficiently suppresses the ts growth defect of the cdc25-1 mutant at 36 degrees C and the increase of G1 phase at 24 degrees C. Moreover, it causes a marked increase of the critical cell mass re

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Baroni, M. D., E. Martegani, P. Monti, and L. Alberghina. "Cell size modulation by CDC25 and RAS2 genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 6 (1989): 2715–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.6.2715.

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A detailed kinetic analysis of the cell cycle of cdc25-1, RAS2Val-19, or cdc25-1/RAS2Val-19 mutants during exponential growth is presented. At the permissive temperature (24 degrees C), cdc25-1 cells show a longer G1/unbudded phase of the cell cycle and have a smaller critical cell size required for budding without changing the growth rate in comparison to an isogenic wild type. The RAS2Val-19 mutation efficiently suppresses the ts growth defect of the cdc25-1 mutant at 36 degrees C and the increase of G1 phase at 24 degrees C. Moreover, it causes a marked increase of the critical cell mass re

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Zhou, Shaoli, Tianquan Yang, Yawen Mao, et al. "The F-box protein MIO1/SLB1 regulates organ size and leaf movement in Medicago truncatula." Journal of Experimental Botany 72, no. 8 (2021): 2995–3011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erab033.

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Abstract The size of leaf and seed organs, determined by the interplay of cell proliferation and expansion, is closely related to the final yield and quality of forage and crops. Yet the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying organ size modulation remain poorly understood, especially in legumes. Here, MINI ORGAN1 (MIO1), which encodes an F-box protein SMALL LEAF AND BUSHY1 (SLB1) recently reported to control lateral branching in Medicago truncatula, was identified as a key regulator of organ size. We show that loss-of-function of MIO1/SLB1 severely reduced organ size. Conversely, plants

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Mitra, Mautusi, Henning Kirst, David Dewez, and Anastasios Melis. "Modulation of the light-harvesting chlorophyll antenna size in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by TLA1 gene over-expression and RNA interference." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1608 (2012): 3430–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0229.

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Truncated light-harvesting antenna 1 ( TLA1 ) is a nuclear gene proposed to regulate the chlorophyll (Chl) antenna size in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii . The Chl antenna size of the photosystems and the chloroplast ultrastructure were manipulated upon TLA1 gene over-expression and RNAi downregulation. The TLA1 over-expressing lines possessed a larger chlorophyll antenna size for both photosystems and contained greater levels of Chl b per cell relative to the wild type. Conversely, TLA1 RNAi transformants had a smaller Chl antenna size for both photosystems and lower levels of Chl b per cell. West

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Mumtaz, Muhammad Ali, Fangman Li, Xingyu Zhang, et al. "Altered brassinolide sensitivity1 Regulates Fruit Size in Association with Phytohormones Modulation in Tomato." Horticulturae 8, no. 11 (2022): 1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8111008.

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BRs (Brassinosteroids) regulate many essential pathways related to growth, cell elongation, cell expansion, plant architecture, and fruit development. The potential exogenous application of BR-derivatives has been proven to stimulate plant growth and development, including quality attributes of fruits, whereas its biosynthesis inhibition has shown the opposite effect. In this study, BR-insensitive tomato mutants were used to reveal the potential function of BR signaling in the regulation of fruit development to elaborate the regulatory mechanism of BR signaling in tomato fruits. The BR-signali

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Jang, Seonghoe, Jwa-Yeong Cho, Gyung-Ran Do, et al. "Modulation of Rice Leaf Angle and Grain Size by Expressing OsBCL1 and OsBCL2 under the Control of OsBUL1 Promoter." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 15 (2021): 7792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157792.

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Leaf angle and grain size are important agronomic traits affecting rice productivity directly and/or indirectly through modulating crop architecture. OsBC1, as a typical bHLH transcription factor, is one of the components comprising a complex formed with LO9-177 and OsBUL1 contributing to modulation of rice leaf inclination and grain size. In the current study, two homologues of OsBC1, OsBCL1 and OsBCL2 were functionally characterized by expressing them under the control of OsBUL1 promoter, which is preferentially expressed in the lamina joint and the spikelet of rice. Increased leaf angle and

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Cipollina, Chiara, Lilia Alberghina, Danilo Porro, and Marina Vai. "SFP1 is involved in cell size modulation in respiro-fermentative growth conditions." Yeast 22, no. 5 (2005): 385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.1218.

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10

Marais, A. David. "Therapeutic modulation of low-density lipoprotein size." Current Opinion in Lipidology 11, no. 6 (2000): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041433-200012000-00005.

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Nicolas, Damien, Benjamin Zoller, David M. Suter, and Felix Naef. "Modulation of transcriptional burst frequency by histone acetylation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 27 (2018): 7153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1722330115.

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Many mammalian genes are transcribed during short bursts of variable frequencies and sizes that substantially contribute to cell-to-cell variability. However, which molecular mechanisms determine bursting properties remains unclear. To probe putative mechanisms, we combined temporal analysis of transcription along the circadian cycle with multiple genomic reporter integrations, using both short-lived luciferase live microscopy and single-molecule RNA-FISH. Using the Bmal1 circadian promoter as our model, we observed that rhythmic transcription resulted predominantly from variations in burst fr

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García Coronado, Paola Leonor, Moisés Armides Franco Molina, Diana Ginette Zárate Triviño, Jorge Luis Menchaca Arredondo, Pablo Zapata Benavides, and Cristina Rodriguez Padilla. "Putative Wound Healing Induction Functions of Exosomes Isolated from IMMUNEPOTENT CRP." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 10 (2023): 8971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108971.

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Chronic wounds in diabetic patients can take months or years to heal, representing a great cost for the healthcare sector and impacts on patients’ lifestyles. Therefore, new effective treatment alternatives are needed to accelerate the healing process. Exosomes are nanovesicles involved in the modulation of signaling pathways that can be produced by any cell and can exert functions similar to the cell of origin. For this reason, IMMUNEPOTENT CRP, which is a bovine spleen leukocyte extract, was analyzed to identify the proteins present and is proposed as a source of exosomes. The exosomes were

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Lambert, Ambroise, Aster Vanhecke, Anna Archetti, et al. "Constriction Rate Modulation Can Drive Cell Size Control and Homeostasis in C. crescentus." iScience 4 (June 2018): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2018.05.020.

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Jacob, Jerry, Nitish Patel, and Sucheta Sehgal. "Cell modeling using frequency modulation." PLOS ONE 19, no. 12 (2024): e0315003. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0315003.

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Computational models of the cell can be used to study the impact of drugs and assess pathological risks. Typically, these models are computationally demanding or challenging to implement in dedicated hardware for real-time emulation. A new Frequency Modulation (FM) model is proposed to address these limitations. This model utilizes a single sine generator with constant amplitude, while phase and frequency are modulated to emulate an action potential (AP). The crucial element of this model is the identification of the modulating signal. Focusing on FPGA implementation, we have employed a piecew

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Lixenberg, Adi, Merav Yarkoni, Yehudit Botschko, and Mati Joshua. "Encoding of eye movements explains reward-related activity in cerebellar simple spikes." Journal of Neurophysiology 123, no. 2 (2020): 786–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00363.2019.

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The cerebellum exhibits both motor and reward-related signals. However, it remains unclear whether reward is processed independently from the motor command or might reflect the motor consequences of the reward drive. To test how reward-related signals interact with sensorimotor processing in the cerebellum, we recorded Purkinje cell simple spike activity in the cerebellar floccular complex while monkeys were engaged in smooth pursuit eye movement tasks. The color of the target signaled the size of the reward the monkeys would receive at the end of the target motion. When the tracking task pres

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Elding-Pontén, M., L. Stenberg, S. Lidin, G. Madariaga, and J. M. Pérez-Mato. "Structure of Mn8Sn5." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 53, no. 3 (1997): 364–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108768197000682.

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The title compound crystallizes as a slightly incommensurate modulation of the B8-type structure. In a basic NiAs structure, ∼60% of the trigonal pyramidal interstices are filled with Mn atoms in an ordered manner. The highest corresponding commensurate space group is Pbnm (Pnma, No. 62) with the cell parameters a = 21.9114 (4), b: 7.6003 (5), c = 5.5247 (5) Å. The four-dimensional superspace group of the incommensurate structure is Cmcm(α00)0s0 (No. 63.8), with the conventional setting Amam(00γ)0s0. The cell parameters for this incommensurate cell are a = 382 (1), b = 7.600 (2), c = 5.525 (2)

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Mori, Yoshinori, Sandra G. Nishikawa, Andreea R. Fratiloiu, et al. "Modulation of Reoviral Cytolysis (I): Combination Therapeutics." Viruses 15, no. 7 (2023): 1472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15071472.

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Patients with stage IV gastric cancer suffer from dismal outcomes, a challenge especially in many Asian populations and for which new therapeutic options are needed. To explore this issue, we used oncolytic reovirus in combination with currently used chemotherapeutic drugs (irinotecan, paclitaxel, and docetaxel) for the treatment of gastric and other gastrointestinal cancer cells in vitro and in a mouse model. Cell viability in vitro was quantified by WST-1 assays in human cancer cell lines treated with reovirus and/or chemotherapeutic agents. The expression of reovirus protein and caspase act

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Krylyshkina, Olga, Irina Kaverina, Wolfgang Kranewitter, et al. "Modulation of substrate adhesion dynamics via microtubule targeting requires kinesin-1." Journal of Cell Biology 156, no. 2 (2002): 349–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200105051.

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Recent studies have shown that the targeting of substrate adhesions by microtubules promotes adhesion site disassembly (Kaverina, I., O. Krylyshkina, and J.V. Small. 1999. J. Cell Biol. 146:1033–1043). It was accordingly suggested that microtubules serve to convey a signal to adhesion sites to modulate their turnover. Because microtubule motors would be the most likely candidates for effecting signal transmission, we have investigated the consequence of blocking microtubule motor activity on adhesion site dynamics. Using a function-blocking antibody as well as dynamitin overexpression, we foun

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Wen, Kunwen, Lifang Huang, Qi Wang, and Jianshe Yu. "Modulation of first-passage time for gene expression via asymmetric cell division." International Journal of Biomathematics 12, no. 05 (2019): 1950052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793524519500529.

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How to balance the size of exponentially growing cells has always been a focus of biologists. Recent experiments have uncovered that the cell is divided into two daughter cells only when the level of time-keeper protein reaches a fixed threshold and cell division in prokaryote is not completely symmetric. The timing of cell division is essentially random because gene expression is stochastic, but cells seen to manage to have precise timing of cell division events. Although the inter-cellular variability of gene expression has attracted much attention, the randomness of event timing has been ra

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Zhen, Cheng, Xinguo Hua, Xue Jiang, et al. "Cas9/gRNA-Mediated Mutations in PtrFLA40 and PtrFLA45 Reveal Redundant Roles in Modulating Wood Cell Size and SCW Synthesis in Poplar." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 1 (2022): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010427.

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Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs) play an important role in plant development and adaptation to the environment. However, the roles of FLAs in wood formation remain poorly understood. Here, we identified a total of 50 PtrFLA genes in poplar. They were classified into four groups: A to D, among which group A was the largest group with 28 members clustered into four branches. Most PtrFLAs of group A were dominantly expressed in developing xylem based on microarray and RT-qPCR data. The roles of PtrFLA40 and PtrFLA45 in group A were investigated via the Cas9/gRNA-induced mutation lin

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Wang, Junjie, Meiyun Ma, Silviu Locovei, Robert W. Keane, and Gerhard Dahl. "Modulation of membrane channel currents by gap junction protein mimetic peptides: size matters." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 293, no. 3 (2007): C1112—C1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00097.2007.

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Connexin mimetic peptides are widely used to assess the contribution of nonjunctional connexin channels in several processes, including ATP release. These peptides are derived from various connexin sequences and have been shown to attenuate processes downstream of the putative channel activity. Yet so far, no documentation of effects of peptides on connexin channels has been presented. We tested several connexin and pannexin mimetic peptides and observed attenuation of channel currents that is not compatible with sequence specific actions of the peptides. Connexin mimetic peptides inhibited pa

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Wagner, M. B., D. Golod, R. Wilders, et al. "Modulation of propagation from an ectopic focus by electrical load and by extracellular potassium." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 272, no. 4 (1997): H1759—H1769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1997.272.4.h1759.

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We previously developed a technique (R. Kumar, R. Wilders, R. W. Joyner, H. J. Jongsma, E. E. Verheijck, D. A. Golod, A. C. G. van Ginneken, and W. N. Goolsby. Circulation 94: 833-841, 1996) for study of a mathematical model cell with spontaneous activity, viz. a "real-time" simulation of a rabbit sinoatrial node cell (SAN model cell; R. Wilders, H. J. Jongsma, and A. C. van Ginneken. Biophys. J. 60: 1202-1216, 1991) simultaneously being electrically coupled via our "coupling clamp" [H. Sugiura and R. W. Joyner. Am. J. Physiol. 263 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 32): H1591-H1604, 1992] circuit to a rea

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Beardsley, Robert M., Cintia S. De Paiva, David F. Power, and Stephen C. Pflugfelder. "Desiccating Stress Decreases Apical Corneal Epithelial Cell Size-Modulation by the Metalloproteinase Inhibitor Doxycycline." Cornea 27, no. 8 (2008): 935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ico.0b013e3181757997.

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Reitsamer, Herbert A., Renate Pflug, Melchior Franz, and Sonja Huber. "Dopaminergic modulation of horizontal-cell-axon-terminal receptive field size in the mammalian retina." Vision Research 46, no. 4 (2006): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2005.05.010.

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Liu, Xili, Jiawei Yan, and Marc W. Kirschner. "Cell size homeostasis is tightly controlled throughout the cell cycle." PLOS Biology 22, no. 1 (2024): e3002453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002453.

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To achieve a stable size distribution over multiple generations, proliferating cells require a means of counteracting stochastic noise in the rate of growth, the time spent in various phases of the cell cycle, and the imprecision in the placement of the plane of cell division. In the most widely accepted model, cell size is thought to be regulated at the G1/S transition, such that cells smaller than a critical size pause at the end of G1 phase until they have accumulated mass to a predetermined size threshold, at which point the cells proceed through the rest of the cell cycle. However, a mode

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Li, Xia, Xueyan Qian, Fangfang Zhao, et al. "Knockout of GmCKX3 Enhances Soybean Seed Yield via Cytokinin-Mediated Cell Expansion and Lipid Accumulation." Plants 14, no. 14 (2025): 2207. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14142207.

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Soybean is a dual-purpose crop for food and oil, playing a crucial role in China’s grain production. Seed size and weight are key agronomic traits directly influencing the yield. Cytokinin oxidases/dehydrogenases (CKXs) specifically degrade certain isoforms of endogenous cytokinins (CKs), thereby modulating plant growth and seed development. However, their role in soybeans remains largely uncharacterized. In a previous genome-wide association study of 250 soybean core germplasms, we identified GmCKX3 as a yield-related gene. To elucidate its function, we developed GmCKX3-deficient mutants usin

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Rizzi, Federica, Rachele Castaldo, Tiziana Latronico, et al. "High Surface Area Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Tunable Size in the Sub-Micrometer Regime: Insights on the Size and Porosity Control Mechanisms." Molecules 26, no. 14 (2021): 4247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144247.

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Mesoporous silica nanostructures (MSNs) attract high interest due to their unique and tunable physical chemical features, including high specific surface area and large pore volume, that hold a great potential in a variety of fields, i.e., adsorption, catalysis, and biomedicine. An essential feature for biomedical application of MSNs is limiting MSN size in the sub-micrometer regime to control uptake and cell viability. However, careful size tuning in such a regime remains still challenging. We aim to tackling this issue by developing two synthetic procedures for MSN size modulation, performed

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González-Mariscal, Lorenza, Helios Gallego-Gutiérrez, Laura González-González, and Christian Hernández-Guzmán. "ZO-2 Is a Master Regulator of Gene Expression, Cell Proliferation, Cytoarchitecture, and Cell Size." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 17 (2019): 4128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20174128.

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ZO-2 is a cytoplasmic protein of tight junctions (TJs). Here, we describe ZO-2 involvement in the formation of the apical junctional complex during early development and in TJ biogenesis in epithelial cultured cells. ZO-2 acts as a scaffold for the polymerization of claudins at TJs and plays a unique role in the blood–testis barrier, as well as at TJs of the human liver and the inner ear. ZO-2 movement between the cytoplasm and nucleus is regulated by nuclear localization and exportation signals and post-translation modifications, while ZO-2 arrival at the cell border is triggered by activatio

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Hayes, Polly, Vladimir Varga, Sofia Olego-Fernandez, Jack Sunter, Michael L. Ginger, and Keith Gull. "Modulation of a cytoskeletal calpain-like protein induces major transitions in trypanosome morphology." Journal of Cell Biology 206, no. 3 (2014): 377–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201312067.

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Individual eukaryotic microbes, such as the kinetoplastid parasite Trypanosoma brucei, have a defined size, shape, and form yet transition through life cycle stages, each having a distinct morphology. In questioning the structural processes involved in these transitions, we have identified a large calpain-like protein that contains numerous GM6 repeats (ClpGM6) involved in determining T. brucei cell shape, size, and form. ClpGM6 is a cytoskeletal protein located within the flagellum along the flagellar attachment zone (FAZ). Depletion of ClpGM6 in trypomastigote forms produces cells with long

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Fan, Xiujun, Shanmugam Muruganandan, Philemon D. Shallie, Sabita Dhal, Matthew Petitt, and Nihar R. Nayak. "VEGF Maintains Maternal Vascular Space Homeostasis in the Mouse Placenta through Modulation of Trophoblast Giant Cell Functions." Biomolecules 11, no. 7 (2021): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11071062.

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Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic growth factor that acts primarily on endothelial cells, but numerous studies suggest that VEGF also acts on non-endothelial cells, including trophoblast cells. Inhibition of VEGF signaling by excess production of the endogenous soluble VEGF receptor sFlt1 in trophoblast cells has been implicated in several pregnancy complications. Our previous studies and other reports have shown that VEGF directly regulates placental vascular development and functions and that excess VEGF production adversely affects placental vascular development. Tr

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Mank, A. J. G., H. de Nijs, H. Lingeman, U. A. Th Brinkman, N. H. Velthorst, and C. Gooijer. "Diode Laser-Based Absorption Detector for Conventional-Size Liquid Chromatography." Applied Spectroscopy 50, no. 1 (1996): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702963906681.

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A diode laser-based absorption detector is designed for conventional-size liquid chromatography (LC). To this end, various detection setups and individual components have been evaluated. A ratioing system using a 10-mW 670-nm diode laser allowed the detection of 6 × 10−10 M mitoxantrone [signal-to-noise (S/N) = 3; N = root-mean-square (rms) noise], an anti-tumor drug, in a biological matrix without any sample cleanup. Multipass detection and intensity modulation of the excitation light did not improve the detection limit. A fiber-optic detector cell, utilizing a gradient-index lens on the ligh

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Jin, Meiyan, and Daniel J. Klionsky. "Regulation of autophagy: Modulation of the size and number of autophagosomes." FEBS Letters 588, no. 15 (2014): 2457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2014.06.015.

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Bagri, Kayo, Luiz Fernando Oliveira, Miria Pereira, José Abreu, and Claudia Mermelstein. "The Wnt/Beta-Catenin Pathway and Cytoskeletal Filaments Are Involved in the Positioning, Size, and Function of Lysosomes during Chick Myogenesis." Cells 11, no. 21 (2022): 3402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11213402.

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Lysosomes are highly dynamic organelles involved in the breakdown and recycling of macromolecules, cell cycle, cell differentiation, and cell death, among many other functions in eukaryotic cells. Recently, lysosomes have been identified as cellular hubs for the modulation of intracellular signaling pathways, such as the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. Here we analyzed morphological and functional characteristics of lysosomes in muscle and non-muscle cells during chick myogenesis, as well as their modulation by the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. Our results show that (i) muscle and non-muscle cells show

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Gregory, T. Ryan, and Paul D. N. Hebert. "The Modulation of DNA Content: Proximate Causes and Ultimate Consequences." Genome Research 9, no. 4 (1999): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.9.4.317.

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The forces responsible for modulating the large-scale features of the genome remain one of the most difficult issues confronting evolutionary biology. Although diversity in chromosomal architecture, nucleotide composition, and genome size has been well documented, there is little understanding of either the evolutionary origins or impact of much of this variation. The 80,000-fold divergence in genome sizes among eukaryotes represents perhaps the greatest challenge for genomic holists. Although some researchers continue to characterize much variation in genome size as a mere by-product of an in

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Scholl, Juliete Nathali, Amanda de Fraga Dias, Pauline Rafaela Pizzato, et al. "Characterization and antiproliferative activity of glioma-derived extracellular vesicles." Nanomedicine 15, no. 10 (2020): 1001–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2019-0431.

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Aim: To characterize a method to isolate glioma-derived extracellular vesicles (GEVs) and understand their role in immune system modulation and glioma progression. Materials & methods: GEVs were isolated by differential centrifugation from C6 cell supernatant and characterized by size and expression of CD9, HSP70, CD39 and CD73. The glioma model was performed by injecting C6 glioma cells into the right striatum of Wistar rats in the following groups: controls (C6 cells alone), coinjection (C6 cells + GEVs) and GEVs by intranasal administration followed by immune cells, tumor size and cells

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Di Marzo, Maurizio, Vívian Ebeling Viana, Camilla Banfi та ін. "Cell wall modifications by α-XYLOSIDASE1 are required for control of seed and fruit size in Arabidopsis". Journal of Experimental Botany 73, № 5 (2021): 1499–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erab514.

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Abstract Cell wall modifications are of pivotal importance during plant development. Among cell wall components, xyloglucans are the major hemicellulose polysaccharide in primary cell walls of dicots and non-graminaceous monocots. They can connect the cellulose microfibril surface to affect cell wall mechanical properties. Changes in xyloglucan structure are known to play an important role in regulating cell growth. Therefore, the degradation of xyloglucan is an important modification that alters the cell wall. The α-XYLOSIDASE1 (XYL1) gene encodes the only α-xylosidase acting on xyloglucans i

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Ziętara, Natalia, Marcin Łyszkiewicz, Andreas Krueger, and Siegfried Weiss. "B-cell modulation of dendritic-cell function: Signals from the far side." European Journal of Immunology 44, no. 1 (2014): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.201344007.

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Zhang, Wei-Cai, Mei-Ling Zheng, Jie Liu, et al. "Modulation of Cell Behavior by 3D Biocompatible Hydrogel Microscaffolds with Precise Configuration." Nanomaterials 11, no. 9 (2021): 2325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11092325.

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Three-dimensional (3D) micronano structures have attracted much attention in tissue engineering since they can better simulate the microenvironment in vivo. Two-photon polymerization (TPP) technique provides a powerful tool for printing arbitrary 3D structures with high precision. Here, the desired 3D biocompatible hydrogel microscaffolds (3D microscaffold) with structure design referring to fibroblasts L929 have been fabricated by TPP technology, particularly considering the relative size of cell seed (cell suspension), spread cell, strut and strut spacing of scaffold. Modulation of the cell

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Rieck, Kristy, Kyle Bromma, Wonmo Sung, Aaron Bannister, Jan Schuemann, and Devika Basnagge Chithrani. "Modulation of gold nanoparticle mediated radiation dose enhancement through synchronization of breast tumor cell population." British Journal of Radiology 92, no. 1100 (2019): 20190283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20190283.

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Objective: The incorporation of high atomic number materials such as gold nanoparticles (GNPs) into tumor cells is being tested to enhance the local radiotherapy (RT) dose. It is also known that the radiosensitivity of tumor cells depends on the phase of their cell cycle. Triple combination of GNPs, phase of tumor cell population, and RT for improved outcomes in cancer treatment. Methods: We used a double-thymidine block method for synchronization of the tumor cell population. GNPs of diameters 17 and 46 nm were used to capture the size dependent effects. A radiation dose of 2 Gy with 6 MV lin

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Alberghina, Lilia, Riccardo L. Rossi, Lorenzo Querin, Valeria Wanke, and Marco Vanoni. "A cell sizer network involving Cln3 and Far1 controls entrance into S phase in the mitotic cycle of budding yeast." Journal of Cell Biology 167, no. 3 (2004): 433–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200405102.

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae must reach a carbon source-modulated critical cell size, protein content per cell at the onset of DNA replication (Ps), in order to enter S phase. Cells grown in glucose are larger than cells grown in ethanol. Here, we show that an increased level of the cyclin-dependent inhibitor Far1 increases cell size, whereas far1Δ cells start bud emergence and DNA replication at a smaller size than wild type. Cln3Δ, far1Δ, and strains overexpressing Far1 do not delay budding during an ethanol glucose shift-up as wild type does. Together, these findings indicate that Cln3 has to o

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Zhang, Jiqian, Chuansheng Shen, and Zhifeng Cui. "Modulation on the collective response behavior by the system size in two-dimensional coupled cell systems." Science in China Series G 49, no. 3 (2006): 304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11433-006-0304-z.

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Linton, Paul. "Does Vergence Affect Perceived Size?" Vision 5, no. 3 (2021): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vision5030033.

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Since Kepler (1604) and Descartes (1637), it has been suggested that ‘vergence’ (the angular rotation of the eyes) plays a key role in size constancy. However, this has never been tested divorced from confounding cues such as changes in the retinal image. In our experiment, participants viewed a target which grew or shrank in size over 5 s. At the same time, the fixation distance specified by vergence was reduced from 50 to 25 cm. The question was whether this change in vergence affected the participants’ judgements of whether the target grew or shrank in size? We found no evidence of any effe

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Housley, David M., Jeremy L. Pinyon, Georg von Jonquieres, et al. "Australian Scorpion Hormurus waigiensis Venom Fractions Show Broad Bioactivity through Modulation of Bio-Impedance and Cytosolic Calcium." Biomolecules 10, no. 4 (2020): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10040617.

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Scorpion venoms are a rich source of bioactive molecules, but characterisation of toxin peptides affecting cytosolic Ca2+, central to cell signalling and cell death, is limited. We undertook a functional screening of the venom of the Australian scorpion Hormurus waigiensis to determine the breadth of Ca2+ mobilisation. A human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cell line stably expressing the genetically encoded Ca2+ reporter GCaMP5G and the rabbit type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) was developed as a biosensor. Size-exclusion Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography separated the venom into 53 fractions, cons

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Candelas, Graciela C., Anselmo Ortiz, and Nayda Ortiz. "Features of the cell-free translation of a spider fibroin mRNA." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 67, no. 2-3 (1989): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o89-026.

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The massive production of fibroin by the large ampullate glands of the spider, Nephila clavipes, serves as a model system in which to study the synthesis and control of a large secretory protein. Their tissue-specific product, fibroin, produced during the entire adult life of the female, is approximately 320 kilodaltons, and rich in glycine and alanine. Highly purified fibroin mRNA from the glands has been translated in a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system with variable supplements. The translational products analyzed by SDS–PAGE display two features, tRNA modulation and discontinuous pauses

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Felmy, Felix. "Modulation of Cargo Release from Dense Core Granules by Size and Actin Network." Traffic 8, no. 8 (2007): 983–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0854.2007.00583.x.

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Ma, Ruiqi, Qian Li, Zhongfeng Wang, Yifei Yuan, Lu Gan, and Jiang Qian. "Modulation of hyaluronan polymer size regulates proliferation of perimysial fibroblasts in thyroid eye disease." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 496, no. 4 (2018): 1376–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.037.

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Kmita, Hanna, Małgorzata Budzińska, and Olgierd Stobienia. "Modulation of the voltage-dependent anion-selective channel by cytoplasmic proteins from wild type and the channel depleted cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Acta Biochimica Polonica 50, no. 2 (2003): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18388/abp.2003_3695.

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It is well known that effective exchange of metabolites between mitochondria and the cytoplasm is essential for cell physiology. The key step of the exchange is transport across the mitochondrial outer membrane, which is supported by the voltage-dependent anion-selective channel (VDAC). Therefore, it is clear that the permeability of VDAC must be regulated to adjust its activity to the actual cell needs. VDAC-modulating activities, often referred to as the VDAC modulator, were identified in the intermembrane space of different organism mitochondria but the responsible protein(s) has not been i

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Li, Haichun, Kai Jin, Man Luo, et al. "Size Dependency of Circulation and Biodistribution of Biomimetic Nanoparticles: Red Blood Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles." Cells 8, no. 8 (2019): 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8080881.

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Recently, biomimetic nanoparticles, especially cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticles, have attracted increasing attention in biomedical applications, including antitumor therapy, detoxification, and immune modulation, by imitating the structure and the function of biological systems such as long circulation life in the blood. However, the circulation time of cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticles is far less than that of the original cells, greatly limiting their biomedical applications, while the underlying reasons are seldom demonstrated. In this study, the influence of particle size on the circu

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Fruleux, Antoine, and Arezki Boudaoud. "Modulation of tissue growth heterogeneity by responses to mechanical stress." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 6 (2019): 1940–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1815342116.

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Morphogenesis often yields organs with robust size and shapes, whereas cell growth and deformation feature significant spatiotemporal variability. Here, we investigate whether tissue responses to mechanical signals contribute to resolve this apparent paradox. We built a model of growing tissue made of fiber-like material, which may account for the cytoskeleton, polar cell–cell adhesion, or the extracellular matrix in animals and for the cell wall in plants. We considered the synthesis and remodeling of this material, as well as the modulation of synthesis by isotropic and anisotropic response

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Xie, Yongchao, Yi Zhang, Yong Wang, and Yue Feng. "Mechanism and Modulation of SidE Family Proteins in the Pathogenesis of Legionella pneumophila." Pathogens 12, no. 4 (2023): 629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12040629.

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Legionella pneumophila is the causative agent of Legionnaires’ disease, causing fever and lung infection, with a death rate up to 15% in severe cases. In the process of infection, Legionella pneumophila secretes over 330 effectors into host cell via the Dot/Icm type IV secretion system to modulate multiple host cellular physiological processes, thereby changing the environment of the host cell and promoting the growth and propagation of the bacterium. Among these effector proteins, SidE family proteins from Legionella pneumophila catalyze a non-canonical ubiquitination reaction, which combines

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