Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Modulatory signals / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Modulatory signals.

Journal articles on the topic 'Modulatory signals'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Modulatory signals.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Berridge, Michael J. "The Inositol Trisphosphate/Calcium Signaling Pathway in Health and Disease." Physiological Reviews 96, no. 4 (2016): 1261–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00006.2016.

Full text

Abstract:

Many cellular functions are regulated by calcium (Ca2+) signals that are generated by different signaling pathways. One of these is the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate/calcium (InsP3/Ca2+) signaling pathway that operates through either primary or modulatory mechanisms. In its primary role, it generates the Ca2+ that acts directly to control processes such as metabolism, secretion, fertilization, proliferation, and smooth muscle contraction. Its modulatory role occurs in excitable cells where it modulates the primary Ca2+ signal generated by the entry of Ca2+ through voltage-operated channels that

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Grossberg, Stephen. "Neural substrates of visual percepts, imagery, and hallucinations." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 25, no. 2 (2002): 194–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x02350040.

Full text

Abstract:

Recent neural models clarify many properties of mental imagery as part of the process whereby bottom-up visual information is influenced by top-down expectations, and how these expectations control visual attention. Volitional signals can transform modulatory top-down signals into supra-threshold imagery. Visual hallucinations can occur when the normal control of these volitional signals is lost.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Maruska, Karen P., and Julie M. Butler. "Endocrine Modulation of Sending and Receiving Signals in Context-Dependent Social Communication." Integrative and Comparative Biology 61, no. 1 (2021): 182–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icab074.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Animal communication requires senders to transmit signals through the environment to conspecific receivers, which then leads to context-dependent behavioral decisions. Sending and receiving sensory information in social contexts, however, can be dramatically influenced by an individual’s internal state, particularly in species that cycle in and out of breeding or other physiological condition like nutritional state or social status. Modulatory substances like steroids, peptides, and biogenic amines can influence both the substrates used for sending social signals (e.g., motivation cen

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Shin, Hanna, and David Reiner. "The Signaling Network Controlling C. elegans Vulval Cell Fate Patterning." Journal of Developmental Biology 6, no. 4 (2018): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jdb6040030.

Full text

Abstract:

EGF, emitted by the Anchor Cell, patterns six equipotent C. elegans vulval precursor cells to assume a precise array of three cell fates with high fidelity. A group of core and modulatory signaling cascades forms a signaling network that demonstrates plasticity during the transition from naïve to terminally differentiated cells. In this review, we summarize the history of classical developmental manipulations and molecular genetics experiments that led to our understanding of the signals governing this process, and discuss principles of signal transduction and developmental biology that have e

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Nikolaou, F., C. Orphanidou, P. Papakyriakou, K. Murphy, R. G. Wise, and G. D. Mitsis. "Spontaneous physiological variability modulates dynamic functional connectivity in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2067 (2016): 20150183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0183.

Full text

Abstract:

It is well known that the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is influenced—in addition to neuronal activity—by fluctuations in physiological signals, including arterial CO 2 , respiration and heart rate/heart rate variability (HR/HRV). Even spontaneous fluctuations of the aforementioned physiological signals have been shown to influence the BOLD fMRI signal in a regionally specific manner. Related to this, estimates of functional connectivity between different brain regions, performed when the subject is at rest, may be confounde

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Barajas-Lopez, C. "Interactions between inhibitory and excitatory modulatory signals in single submucosal neurons." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 267, no. 5 (1994): C1359—C1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1994.267.5.c1359.

Full text

Abstract:

Intracellular recordings were made in submucosal neurons from the guinea pig ileum to study the actions of norepinephrine and somatostatin on slow depolarizations induced by 2-chloroadenosine (CADO) and substance P. Local application (by pressure) of CADO and substance P induced a slow depolarization that occurred concomitantly with an increase in input membrane resistance. Norepinephrine, UK-14304 (alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist), and somatostatin blocked the excitatory responses induced by CADO in a concentration-dependent manner. The alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists idazoxan and yohimbine ant

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Karamalakova, Y. "Investigation of the modulatory role of Bulgarian Mentha Piperita L. oil against radiation-induced oxidative disorders and antioxidant status In Vitro." Trakia Journal of Sciences 16, no. 3 (2018): 177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2018.03.002.

Full text

Abstract:

This investigation report on the free radical-scavenging and radio-modulatory properties of Bulgarian M. piperita L. oil. The chemically pure oil (97 %) was tested alone and after expositer to ultraviolet radiation (290-320 nm) and gamma radiation at doses of 5, 10, 20 and 30 Gy. The in vitro antioxidant status studied by different spectrophotometrically methods of M. piperita alone was found to be lower compared to UVB and 10 Gy radiated oil. By direct EPR spectroscopy, single almost symmetrical EPR signals were registered in oil alone (g= 2.00492 ± 0.0003), UVB (g= 2.00586 ± 0.0002) and 10 G

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Craighero, Laila. "The Role of the Sensorimotor System in Cognitive Functions." Brain Sciences 12, no. 5 (2022): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12050604.

Full text

Abstract:

The discovery of neurons with sensory properties in frontal motor circuits, and the discovery that these circuits send modulatory signals to the sensory parietal areas, strongly challenged the classical idea of a motor system as a mere executor of commands, and suggested that the sensorimotor system may contribute to the cognitive processes necessary for interaction with the world [...]

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Duca, Frank A., Yassine Sakar, and Mihai Covasa. "The modulatory role of high fat feeding on gastrointestinal signals in obesity." Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 24, no. 10 (2013): 1663–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.05.005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Chuang, Shang-Wen, Chun-Hsiang Chuang, Yi-Hsin Yu, Jung-Tai King, and Chin-Teng Lin. "EEG Alpha and Gamma Modulators Mediate Motion Sickness-Related Spectral Responses." International Journal of Neural Systems 26, no. 02 (2016): 1650007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065716500076.

Full text

Abstract:

Motion sickness (MS) is a common experience of travelers. To provide insights into brain dynamics associated with MS, this study recruited 19 subjects to participate in an electroencephalogram (EEG) experiment in a virtual-reality driving environment. When riding on consecutive winding roads, subjects experienced postural instability and sensory conflict between visual and vestibular stimuli. Meanwhile, subjects rated their level of MS on a six-point scale. Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to separate the filtered EEG signals into maximally temporally independent components (ICs).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Huang, Jiali, Chang S. Nam, and Edward P. Fitts. "Working Memory Load Impact on Effective Connectivity: a Dynamic Causal Modeling Study." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 66, no. 1 (2022): 362–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181322661139.

Full text

Abstract:

This study aims to examine the roles of the brain regions in working memory (WM) processing and the modulatory effects of WM load. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals were recorded when participants perform a letter-version n-back task with three different levels of WM load. The directional causal connections between brain regions were estimated using Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM). The directions and strengths of the connections were compared for different WM load conditions. The results showed a right-lateralized, backward-only connection pattern for the high WM load condition. The results als

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Kim, Hyeong Jae, and Jeong Hee Hong. "Multiple Regulatory Signals and Components in the Modulation of Bicarbonate Transporters." Pharmaceutics 16, no. 1 (2024): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16010078.

Full text

Abstract:

Bicarbonate transporters are responsible for the appropriate flux of bicarbonate across the plasma membrane to perform various fundamental cellular functions. The functions of bicarbonate transporters, including pH regulation, cell migration, and inflammation, are highlighted in various cellular systems, encompassing their participation in both physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we focused on recently identified modulatory signaling components that regulate the expression and activity of bicarbonate transporters. Moreover, we addressed recent advances in our understandin

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Veal, Antia E., Bhagyalaxmi Sukka Ganesh та Joseph Larkin. "Time-assessed modulation of SOCS1 expression through TLR4 and IFNγ signaling in RAW 264.7 macrophages." Journal of Immunology 196, № 1_Supplement (2016): 202.10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.202.10.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Innate immune cells, such as macrophages (MΦ), play a critical role in the initiation and duration of inflammatory responses directed against foreign pathogens. The elaboration of immune effector by MΦ are coordinated by interactions of microbial stimuli, such as LPS, and critical immuno-modulatory cytokines with receptors present on the MΦ. The interactions mediate a cascade of signal transduction events that ultimately culminate with the activation and nuclear translocation of transcription factors which facilitate appropriate immune responses. Notably, TLR4 stimulation by LPS media

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Watkins, Gavin T., and Konstantinos Mimis. "High linearity lead-lag style envelope modulator for RF power amplifiers." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 8, no. 3 (2015): 463–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078715000525.

Full text

Abstract:

A new split frequency envelope modulator for envelope tracking radio-frequency power amplifiers is proposed based on a lead-lag network. By mathematically deriving the transfer functions of the lead-lag modulator and the conventional split frequency type, the lead-lag is shown to have a significantly flatter phase response. The frequency response of the two modulators is verified by simulation, where the phase transient of the lead-lag is significantly less than the 360° of the conventional type. They are further simulated with a 3 MHz bandwidth 3GPP long-term evolution (LTE) signal and the le

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Kim, Jeong M., та Avi Ashkenazi. "Fcγ receptors enable anticancer action of proapoptotic and immune-modulatory antibodies". Journal of Experimental Medicine 210, № 9 (2013): 1647–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20131625.

Full text

Abstract:

Antibodies have important roles in controlling cellular immunity through interaction with activating or inhibitory Fcγ receptors (FcγRs). FcγR engagement can facilitate receptor cross-linking on target cells, or induce retrograde FcγR signals to stimulate or suppress antibody-dependent, cell-mediated depletion of antigen-bearing target cells. Recent studies uncover unexpectedly important roles for FcγRs in the anticancer action of antibodies designed to trigger tumor cell apoptosis or enhance antitumor immunity. Here, we outline a conceptual framework for understanding these findings and discu

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Torralba, Antonio, Ruiz Francisco Colodro, Juana María Martínez-Heredia, and Jiménez José Luis Mora. "Multiple-Signal Single-Loop Filter (MSSF) sigma-delta modulators." AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 132 (April 7, 2021): 153633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2021.153633.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper presents a new family of Sigma-Delta modulators, the so called Multiple-Signal Single-Loop Filter (MSSF) modulators, where several input signals are added at the modulator input, then passed through only one single loop filter, and converted to digital by means of a column of quantizers, equal in number to the number of input signals. As long as a suitable correction path is added to the input of every quantizer, the input signals are separated at the quantizers' outputs in such a way that they are converted to digital independently of each other. Each quantizer output has the digit

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Phillips, William A. "Belief in the primacy of fantasy is misleading and unnecessary." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 27, no. 6 (2004): 802–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x04380180.

Full text

Abstract:

We can live in fantasy only if we survive in reality. Visual experience that carries information about the real world – that is, normal perception – serves that goal. Normal perception is not merely constrained hallucination, and it can usually be distinguished from internally generated images, with which it is rarely confused. Modulatory processes, such as attention, do indeed affect most levels of perceptual processing, but they do so without invalidating the transmission of the signals that they modulate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Brand, Stephan, Takanori Sakaguchi, Xiubin Gu, Sean P. Colgan, and Hans–Christian Reinecker. "Fractalkine-mediated signals regulate cell-survival and immune-modulatory responses in intestinal epithelial cells." Gastroenterology 122, no. 1 (2002): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/gast.2002.30329.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Christie, Stewart, Rebecca O'Rielly, Hui Li, Maria Nunez‐Salces, Gary A. Wittert, and Amanda J. Page. "Modulatory effect of methanandamide on gastric vagal afferent satiety signals depends on nutritional status." Journal of Physiology 598, no. 11 (2020): 2169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jp279449.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Duong, Tam, Neal R. Rasmussen, and David J. Reiner. "Insulated Switches: Dual-Function Protein RalGEFRGL-1 Promotes Developmental Fidelity." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 20 (2020): 7610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207610.

Full text

Abstract:

The C. elegans vulva is an excellent model for the study of developmental biology and cell–cell signaling. The developmental induction of vulval precursor cells (VPCs) to assume the 3°-3°-2°-1°-2°-3° patterning of cell fates occurs with 99.8% accuracy. During C. elegans vulval development, an EGF signal from the anchor cell initiates the activation of RasLET-60 > RafLIN-45 > MEKMEK-2 > ERKMPK-1 signaling cascade to induce the 1° cell. The presumptive 1° cell signals its two neighboring cells via NotchLIN-12 to develop 2° cells. In addition, RasLET-60 switches effectors to RalGEFRGL-1

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Tojjari, Alireza, Francis J. Giles, Maysa Vilbert, Anwaar Saeed, and Ludimila Cavalcante. "SLAM Modification as an Immune-Modulatory Therapeutic Approach in Cancer." Cancers 15, no. 19 (2023): 4808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15194808.

Full text

Abstract:

In the field of oncology, the Signaling Lymphocyte Activation Molecule (SLAM) family is emerging as pivotal in modulating immune responses within tumor environments. The SLAM family comprises nine receptors, mainly found on immune cell surfaces. These receptors play complex roles in the interaction between cancer and the host immune system. Research suggests SLAM’s role in both enhancing and dampening tumor-immune responses, influencing the progression and treatment outcomes of various cancers. As immunotherapy advances, resistance remains an issue. The nuanced roles of the SLAM family might p

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Carey, Megan R., and Stephen G. Lisberger. "Signals That Modulate Gain Control for Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements in Monkeys." Journal of Neurophysiology 91, no. 2 (2004): 623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00525.2003.

Full text

Abstract:

The generation of primate smooth pursuit eye movements involves two processes. One process transforms the direction and speed of target motion into a motor command and the other regulates the strength, or “gain,” of the visual-motor transformation. We have conducted a behavioral analysis to identify the signals that modulate the internal gain of pursuit. To test whether the modulatory signals are related to eye velocity in the orbit or in the world (gaze velocity), we used brief perturbations of target motion to probe the gain of pursuit during tracking conditions that used head rotation to di

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Bezerra, Thiago Ohno, and Antonio C. Roque. "Dopamine facilitates the response to glutamatergic inputs in astrocyte cell models." PLOS Computational Biology 20, no. 12 (2024): e1012688. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012688.

Full text

Abstract:

Astrocytes respond to neurotransmitters by increasing their intracellular Ca2+ concentration (Ca2+ signals). While glutamate released by neurons trigger Ca2+ signals through IP3- and glutamate transporter-dependent mechanisms, dopamine released in distant sites activates astrocytes via dopaminergic receptors. However, little is known about the modulatory effects of dopamine on glutamate-evoked astrocytic activity. To investigate this question, we developed multi-compartment, conductance-based astrocyte models with three distinct morphologies: unipolar; bipolar; and bifurcated-terminal. Glutama

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Huang, Jiali, Kristen Lindquist, and Chang S. Nam. "Dynamic Causal Modeling of Gender Differences in Emotion: Implications for Augmented Cognition." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, no. 1 (2020): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641016.

Full text

Abstract:

The goal of this study is to investigate the neural basis of gender difference in emotion processing. Elec- troencephalogram (EEG) signals were recorded when the same set of emotion-eliciting images was shown to male and female participants. Neural connections were estimated using Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM) and results for both genders were compared. We found that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex exerts modulatory effects differently for males and females. These findings on the gender differences in neural mechanisms of emotion processing may be utilized in applications of the augmented cogni

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

BRAND, S., T. SAKAGUCHI, X. GU, S. COLGAN, and H. REINECKER. "CX3CR1 mediated signals regulate cell-survival and immune-modulatory mediators in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC)." Gastroenterology 120, no. 5 (2001): A59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(01)80292-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Brand, Stephan A., Takanori Sakaguchi, Xiubin Gu, Sean P. Colgan, and Hans-Christian Reinecker. "CX3CR1 mediated signals regulate cell-survival and immune-modulatory mediators in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC)." Gastroenterology 120, no. 5 (2001): A59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(08)80292-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Wu, Haiya, Ling Li та Xiao Su. "Vagus Nerve throughα7 nAChR Modulates Lung Infection and Inflammation: Models, Cells, and Signals". BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/283525.

Full text

Abstract:

Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP) bridges immune and nervous systems and plays pleiotropic roles in modulating inflammation in animal models by targeting different immune, proinflammatory, epithelial, endothelial, stem, and progenitor cells and signaling pathways. Acute lung injury (ALI) is a devastating inflammatory disease. It is pathogenically heterogeneous and involves many cells and signaling pathways. Here, we emphasized the research regarding the modulatory effects of CAP on animal models, cell population, and signaling pathways that involved in the pathogenesis of ALI. By com

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Li, Siqi, Hao Zhu, and Xing Tian. "Corollary Discharge Versus Efference Copy: Distinct Neural Signals in Speech Preparation Differentially Modulate Auditory Responses." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 11 (2020): 5806–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhaa154.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Actions influence sensory processing in a complex way to shape behavior. For example, during actions, a copy of motor signals—termed “corollary discharge” (CD) or “efference copy” (EC)—can be transmitted to sensory regions and modulate perception. However, the sole inhibitory function of the motor copies is challenged by mixed empirical observations as well as multifaceted computational demands for behaviors. We hypothesized that the content in the motor signals available at distinct stages of actions determined the nature of signals (CD vs. EC) and constrained their modulatory functi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Zeisberger, E. "The roles of monoaminergic neurotransmitters in thermoregulation." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, no. 6 (1987): 1395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y87-219.

Full text

Abstract:

Recent studies of the organization of the thermoregulatory system and evaluation of experimental evidence from electrophysiological, neuropharmacological, and neuroanatomical studies suggest that the monoamines noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine are involved in modulations of thermoregulation rather than in thermoregulation per se: they do not seem to transfer specific thermal information but rather modulate the signals passing from thermosensors to thermoregulatory effectors. Theoretically, the central monoamines could be modulating the input from thermosensors, or the central integration

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Semrau, Jennifer A., Min Wei, and Dora Angelaki. "Scaling of the Fore-Aft Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex by Eye Position During Smooth Pursuit." Journal of Neurophysiology 96, no. 2 (2006): 936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00185.2006.

Full text

Abstract:

An eye position signal scales the amplitude of compensatory eye velocity in the translational vestibulo-ocular reflex (TVOR). To investigate the origin of such a modulatory signal, we studied the kinematics of the fore-aft TVOR as rhesus monkeys pursued a horizontally moving target at velocities between 0.5 and 30°/s. We found that the “V-shaped” curve of the fore-aft TVOR amplitude as a function of eye position was shifted opposite to the direction of pursuit eye movement. As a result, the tip of the V-shaped curve that occurred close to zero eye position during steady-state fixation was shif

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Kanai, Ryota, Yutaka Komura, Stewart Shipp, and Karl Friston. "Cerebral hierarchies: predictive processing, precision and the pulvinar." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, no. 1668 (2015): 20140169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0169.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper considers neuronal architectures from a computational perspective and asks what aspects of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology can be disclosed by the nature of neuronal computations? In particular, we extend current formulations of the brain as an organ of inference—based upon hierarchical predictive coding—and consider how these inferences are orchestrated. In other words, what would the brain require to dynamically coordinate and contextualize its message passing to optimize its computational goals? The answer that emerges rests on the delicate (modulatory) gain control of neuronal

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Maruska, Karen P., and Julie M. Butler. "Reproductive- and Social-State Plasticity of Multiple Sensory Systems in a Cichlid Fish." Integrative and Comparative Biology 61, no. 1 (2021): 249–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icab062.

Full text

Abstract:

Synopsis Intra- and inter-sexual communications are vital to the survival and reproductive success of animals. In species that cycle in and out of breeding or other physiological condition, sensory function can be modulated to optimize communication at crucial times. Little is known, however, about how widespread this sensory plasticity is across taxa, whether it occurs in multiple senses or both sexes within a species, and what potential modulatory substances and substrates are involved. Thus, studying modulation of sensory communication in a single species can provide valuable insights for u

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Su, Jianchao, Guoliang Yang, Dandan Guo, Ming Li, Ninghua Zhu, and Xin Wang. "Multi-Physical Analysis and Optimization in Integrated Lithium Niobate Modulator Using Micro-Structured Electrodes." Photonics 10, no. 7 (2023): 795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10070795.

Full text

Abstract:

With the increase in the modulation rate of thin-film lithium niobate (LiNbO3, LN) modulators, the multi-physical field coupling effect between microwaves, light, and heat becomes more significant. In this study, we developed a thin-film LN modulator model using undoped pure LN thin film and T-shaped slow-wave electrodes. Furthermore, we utilized this model to simulate the microwave heating and light heating situations of the modulator. The temperature of the LN modulator was analyzed over time and with different signal frequencies. We also studied the influence of temperature rise on microwav

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Maru, Saumya Y., and Elizabeth M. Jaffee. "Pancreatic cancer is feeling the heat." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 12, no. 10 (2024): e010124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2024-010124.

Full text

Abstract:

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered an immunologically ‘cold’ tumor that fails to attract or support effector T cells. Most PDACs are resistant to immune checkpoint blockade due to the complex signaling pathways that exist within its tumor microenvironment. Recent advances in genomic and proteomic technology advances are finally uncovering the complex inflammatory cellular and intercellular signals that require modulation and reprogramming. The goal is to ‘turn up the heat’ on PDACs with combination immunotherapies that incorporate T cell activating agents and immune modulatory agen

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Nobs, Samuel Philip, Niv Zmora, and Eran Elinav. "Nutrition Regulates Innate Immunity in Health and Disease." Annual Review of Nutrition 40, no. 1 (2020): 189–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-120919-094440.

Full text

Abstract:

Nutrient content and nutrient timing are considered key regulators of human health and a variety of diseases and involve complex interactions with the mucosal immune system. In particular, the innate immune system is emerging as an important signaling hub that modulates the response to nutritional signals, in part via signaling through the gut microbiota. In this review we elucidate emerging evidence that interactions between innate immunity and diet affect human metabolic health and disease, including cardiometabolic disorders, allergic diseases, autoimmune disorders, infections, and cancers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Chen, C. Y., L. W. Forman, and D. V. Faller. "Calcium-dependent immediate-early gene induction in lymphocytes is negatively regulated by p21Ha-ras." Molecular and Cellular Biology 16, no. 11 (1996): 6582–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.16.11.6582.

Full text

Abstract:

The induction of immediate-early (IE) response genes, such as egr-1, c-fos, and c-jun, occurs rapidly after the activation of T lymphocytes. The process of activation involves calcium mobilization, activation of protein kinase C (PKC), and phosphorylation of tyrosine kinases. p21(ras), a guanine nucleotide binding factor, mediates T-cell signal transduction through PKC-dependent and PKC-independent pathways. The involvement of p21(ras) in the regulation of calcium-dependent signals has been suggested through analysis of its role in the activation of NF-AT. We have investigated the inductions o

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Zhang, Weijia, Xueting Luo, Qiancheng Rao, and Peng Jiang. "High-Performance Acousto-Optic Modulators for Improving the Recognition Accuracy of Weak Microwave Signals by Radio Frequency Identification Systems." Electronics 14, no. 4 (2025): 658. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14040658.

Full text

Abstract:

By leveraging the high sensitivity of acousto-optic modulators to microwave signals, their integration into RFID systems can significantly improve the detection of faint microwave signals. Traditional acousto-optic modulators, which use bidirectional uniform comb transducers (IDTs), suffer from a 50% microwave signal loss due to the diffraction efficiency being less than 50%, complicating the accurate identification of already weak signals. This paper presents a solution to the 50% loss issue by replacing the IDT with a floating electrode unidirectional transducer (FEUDT), a key structure in d

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Bala, Anju, Ravi Kumar, and Kusum Harjai. "Inhibition of quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by azithromycin and its effectiveness in urinary tract infections." Journal of Medical Microbiology 60, no. 3 (2011): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.025387-0.

Full text

Abstract:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen, is the third most common pathogen associated with nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTIs). The virulence of this organism is due to its ability to produce quorum-sensing (QS) signal molecules and form biofilms. These biofilms are usually resistant to conventional antibiotics and host immune responses. Recently, beneficial effects of macrolides, especially azithromycin (AZM), have been shown in patients suffering from chronic infections caused by P. aeruginosa. These were due to anti-inflammatory and modulatory effects of AZM on the expressi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Zhou, Zexin, Miao Yan, Hu Liang, et al. "Novel Optical Modulator Photonic Device Based on TiN/Ti3C2 Heterojunction." Sensors 24, no. 16 (2024): 5190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24165190.

Full text

Abstract:

Due to the ability of optical modulators to achieve rapid modulation of optical signals, meeting the demands of high-speed data transmission, modulators based on different novel nanomaterials have become one of the research hotspots over the past dacade. Recently, TiN/Ti3C2 heterojunction exhibits highly efficient thermo-optic performance and extremely strong stability. Therefore, we have demonstrated an all-optical modulator based on the principle of Michelson interference and the thermo-optic effect in this paper. The modulator employs a TiN/Ti3C2 heterojunction-coated microfiber (THM) and f

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Barton, Taylor, Hao Yu, Kyle Rogers, et al. "Towards Low-Power Machine Learning Architectures Inspired by Brain Neuromodulatory Signalling." Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications 12, no. 4 (2022): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jlpea12040059.

Full text

Abstract:

We present a transfer learning method inspired by modulatory neurotransmitter mechanisms in biological brains and explore applications for neuromorphic hardware. In this method, the pre-trained weights of an artificial neural network are held constant and a new, similar task is learned by manipulating the firing sensitivity of each neuron via a supplemental bias input. We refer to this as neuromodulatory tuning (NT). We demonstrate empirically that neuromodulatory tuning produces results comparable with traditional fine-tuning (TFT) methods in the domain of image recognition in both feed-forwa

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Sabała, Paweł, Magdalena Wiktorek, Małgorzata Czarny, Viktor Chaban, and Jolanta Barańska. "Sphingosine stimulates calcium mobilization and modulates calcium signals evoked by thapsigargin in glioma C6 cells." Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 56, no. 2 (1996): 507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.55782/ane-1996-1154.

Full text

Abstract:

The effect of sphingosine on intracellular calcium signalling in glioma C6 cells was studied with Fura-2 video imaging technique. Sphingosine had a direct effect on changes in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration only when applied at a high concentration of 100 microM, causing the cytosolic Ca2+ level to rise. However, at a much lower concentration of 15 microM sphingosine diminished calcium responses triggered by thapsigargin (a specific inhibitor of calcium pump in the endoplasmic reticulum) and ionomycin (calcium ionophore). Since responses to thapsigargin and ionomycin were blocked in Ca2+-free me

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Wagatsuma, Nobuhiko, Brian Hu, Rüdiger von der Heydt, and Ernst Niebur. "Analysis of spiking synchrony in visual cortex reveals distinct types of top-down modulation signals for spatial and object-based attention." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 3 (2021): e1008829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008829.

Full text

Abstract:

The activity of a border ownership selective (BOS) neuron indicates where a foreground object is located relative to its (classical) receptive field (RF). A population of BOS neurons thus provides an important component of perceptual grouping, the organization of the visual scene into objects. In previous theoretical work, it has been suggested that this grouping mechanism is implemented by a population of dedicated grouping (“G”) cells that integrate the activity of the distributed feature cells representing an object and, by feedback, modulate the same cells, thus making them border ownershi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Lee, John J., Michael E. Rothenberg, E. Scott Seeley, et al. "Control of inflammation by stromal Hedgehog pathway activation restrains colitis." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 47 (2016): E7545—E7553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1616447113.

Full text

Abstract:

Inflammation disrupts tissue architecture and function, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of diverse diseases; the signals that promote or restrict tissue inflammation thus represent potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we report that genetic or pharmacologic Hedgehog pathway inhibition intensifies colon inflammation (colitis) in mice. Conversely, genetic augmentation of Hedgehog response and systemic small-molecule Hedgehog pathway activation potently ameliorate colitis and restrain initiation and progression of colitis-induced adenocarcinoma. Within the colon, the Hed

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Priest, Stephen O., and Nicole Baumgarth. "Regulation of cell cycle and survival by type-I IFN and TLR7 in B-lymphocytes (135.43)." Journal of Immunology 182, no. 1_Supplement (2009): 135.43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.135.43.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Innate signaling is an essential part of the anti-viral immune response. One such signal induced during an infection is type-I interferon (IFN), an anti-viral cytokine with immune modulatory effects on many cell types, including B cells. It also affects cell cycling and survival. Other signals are delivered via innate toll-like receptors (TLR) that can induce B cell proliferation in response to select microbial products, independent of, or in addition to B cell receptor signaling. Previous studies showed that these two innate stimuli affect the magnitude and quality of the local influ

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Demirkaplan, Özgen, and Hüseyin Hacıhabiboğlu. "Effects of interpersonal familiarity on the auditory distance perception of level-equalized reverberant speech." Acta Acustica 4, no. 6 (2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/aacus/2020025.

Full text

Abstract:

Familiarity with sound sources is known to have a modulatory effect on auditory distance perception. However, the level of familiarity that can affect distance perception is not clearly understood. A subjective experiment that aims to investigate the effects of interpersonal familiarity on auditory distance perception with level-equalized stimuli is reported. The experiment involves a binaural listening task where different source distances between 0.5 and 16 m were emulated by convolving dry speech signals with measured binaural room impulse responses. The experimental paradigm involved level

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Nugroho, Prapto. "Design of a 20 Mbps OQPSK Modulator Based on Multiplexers." JURNAL INFOTEL 16, no. 4 (2024): 855–70. https://doi.org/10.20895/infotel.v16i4.1237.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper aims to delve into the design and implementation aspects of an OQPSK (Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) modulator within the context of modem technology, underscoring its pivotal role in contemporary information technology infrastructure. The research primarily focuses on elucidating the theoretical foundations of OQPSK modulation, which represents an enhancement of QPSK modulation techniques. Central to the design is the utilization of a multiplexer to select one carrier signal out of four, which is subsequently modulated by data bits. Furthermore, the modulator employs two squ

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

JIN, XIAO TAO, and WILLIAM J. BRUNKEN. "Serotonin receptors modulate rod signals: A neuropharmacological comparison of light- and dark-adapted retinas." Visual Neuroscience 15, no. 5 (1998): 891–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523898155116.

Full text

Abstract:

Previous physiological studies have shown that serotonin (5-HT) reciprocally modulates ON and OFF channels in the mammalian retina. This study was undertaken to determine if the serotoninergic system is exclusively associated with the rod pathway. We tested drugs specific to 5-HT3 receptor, a serotonin-gated ion channel, in both dark- and light-adapted retina. Consistent with previous studies, we demonstrated that 5-HT3 receptors modulate the light-evoked responses of ganglion cells in the dark-adapted state. Moreover, we have extended these prior studies and shown that activation of the 5-HT3

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Barnes, Chloe M., Anikó Ekárt, Kai Olav Ellefsen, Kyrre Glette, Peter R. Lewis, and Jim Tørresen. "Behavioural Plasticity Can Help Evolving Agents in Dynamic Environments but at the Cost of Volatility." ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems 15, no. 4 (2020): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3487918.

Full text

Abstract:

Neural networks have been widely used in agent learning architectures; however, learnings for one task might nullify learnings for another. Behavioural plasticity enables humans and animals alike to respond to environmental changes without degrading learned knowledge; this can be achieved by regulating behaviour with neuromodulation—a biological process found in the brain. We demonstrate that by modulating activity-propagating signals, neurally trained agents evolving to solve tasks in dynamic environments that are prone to change can expect a significantly higher fitness than non-modulatory a

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Neves, Joana, Jie Zhu, Pedro Sousa-Victor, et al. "Immune modulation by MANF promotes tissue repair and regenerative success in the retina." Science 353, no. 6294 (2016): aaf3646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaf3646.

Full text

Abstract:

Regenerative therapies are limited by unfavorable environments in aging and diseased tissues. A promising strategy to improve success is to balance inflammatory and anti-inflammatory signals and enhance endogenous tissue repair mechanisms. Here, we identified a conserved immune modulatory mechanism that governs the interaction between damaged retinal cells and immune cells to promote tissue repair. In damaged retina of flies and mice, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)–like signaling induced mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) in innate immune cells. MANF promoted alt

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Nieder, Carsten, Khalid Al-Shibli, and Terje Tollåli. "Nontargeted Effect after Radiotherapy in a Patient with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Bullous Pemphigoid." Case Reports in Oncological Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/964687.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose. To describe tumor shrinkage of nonirradiated lung metastases in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer.Case Report. The patient had a concurrent autoimmune condition, bullous pemphigoid, which was clinically exacerbated during radiotherapy of mediastinal and axillary lymph node metastases. He also developed a series of infections during and after irradiation, and we hypothesize that the immunological events during this phase might have influenced the size of the nonirradiated metastases.Conclusion. Ionizing radiation generates inflammatory signals and, in principle, could provide b

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!