Journal articles: 'MOFs'

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Li, Ruofan, Xiaoli Yan, and Long Chen. "2D Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks for Electrochemical Energy Application." Organic Materials 06, no. 02 (May 2024): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1786500.

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Two-dimensional conductive metal–organic frameworks (2D c-MOFs) have attracted research attention, benefitting from their unique properties such as superior electronic conductivity, designable topologies, and well-defined catalytic/redox-active sites. These advantages enable 2D c-MOFs as promising candidates in electrochemical energy applications, including supercapacitors, batteries and electrocatalysts. This mini-review mainly highlights recent advancements of 2D c-MOFs in the utilization for electrochemical energy storage, as well as the forward-looking perspective on the future prospects of 2D c-MOFs in the field of electrochemical energy.Table of content:1 Introduction2 Design Principles of 2D c-MOFs3 Synthesis of 2D c-MOFs4 2D c-MOFs for Electrochemical Energy Storage4.1 Supercapacitors4.2 Metallic Batteries4.2.1 Lithium-Ion Batteries4.2.2 Sodium-Ion Batteries4.2.3 Zinc-Ion Batteries4.2.4 Sodium–Iodine Batteries4.2.5 Lithium–Sulfur Batteries4.2.6 Potassium-Ion Batteries5 2D c-MOFs for Electrochemical Energy Conversion6 Conclusions and Outlook

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Dinman, J. D., and R. B. Wickner. "Translational maintenance of frame: mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with altered -1 ribosomal frameshifting efficiencies." Genetics 136, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/136.1.75.

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Abstract A special site on the (+) strand of the L-A dsRNA virus induces about 2% of ribosomes translating the gag open reading frame to execute a -1 frameshift and thus produce the viral gag-pol fusion protein. Using constructs in which a -1 ribosomal frameshift at this site was necessary for expression of lacZ we isolated chromosomal mutants in which the efficiency of frameshifting was increased. These mutants comprise eight genes, named mof (maintenance of frame). The mof1-1, mof2-1, mof4-1, mof5-1 and mof6-1 strains cannot maintain M1 dsRNA at 30 degrees, but, paradoxically, do not lose L-A. The mof2-1, mof5-1 and mof6-1 strains are temperature sensitive for growth at 37 degrees, and all three show striking cell cycle phenotypes. The mof2-1 strains arrest with mother and daughter cells almost equal in size, mof5-1 arrests with multiple buds and mof6-1 arrests as single large unbudded cells. mof2-1 and mof5-1 strains are also Pet-. The mof mutations show differential effects on various frameshifting signals.

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Dhankhar, Sandeep Singh, Nayuesh Sharma, and C. M. Nagaraja. "Construction of bifunctional 2-fold interpenetrated Zn(ii) MOFs exhibiting selective CO2 adsorption and aqueous-phase sensing of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 6, no. 4 (2019): 1058–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9qi00044e.

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Design of Zn(ii) MOFs, [{Zn(BINDI)_0.5(bpa)_0.5(H₂O)}·4H₂O]_n (MOF1) and [{Zn(BINDI)_0.5(bpe)}·3H₂O]_n (MOF2) for selective CO₂ storage and aqueous-phase detection of TNP is demonstrated.

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Shen, Guowang, Mengli Li, Yuhao Chen, Zhuang Xu, Xugen Wang, and Bin Dai. "Effect of Pyrolysis Conditions on the MOFs-Derived Zinc-Based Catalysts in Acetylene Acetoxylation." Catalysts 13, no. 3 (March 6, 2023): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13030532.

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The preparation method and calcination temperature of metal-organic framework (MOFs)-derived materials are critical factors affecting catalytic performance. In this work, the preparation conditions of MOFS precursors were optimized, and zinc-based catalysts with different activities (MOF5-700, MOF5-750, and MOF5-800) were obtained by pyrolysis of MOFS precursors under nitrogen, which were then applied to an acetylene acetoxylation reaction system. According to the results, the conversion rate of acetic acid under catalysis was significantly different. (MOF5-700 (48%), MOF5-750 (62%), and MOF5-800 (22%)). Comparing the activity of the catalyst with the industrial catalyst Zn(OAc)2/AC (20%), MOF5-750 showed higher activity, and the acetic acid conversion rate remained around 60% after 50 h of stability testing. By characterization analysis, MOFs-derived materials were obtained after proper temperature pyrolysis. They have high mesoporous content, defects, and oxygen-containing functional groups and can maintain a good crystal structure, greatly reducing the loss of active components. This is the main reason for the good performance of the MOF5-750 catalyst in acetylene acetoxylation. Thus, the preparation conditions and favorable pyrolysis temperature of MOF derivative catalysts play a key role in the catalytic performance of acetylene acetoxylation.

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Madnasri, Sutikno, Teguh Darsono, Isa Akhlis, Heru Saputera, Meilody Indreswari, Lutfiana Maghfirotul Izza, Maria A. Simangunsong, Lambang Setyo Utama, and Uda Hashim. "Synthesis and Characterization of Metal-Organic Framework as Battery Electrodes." Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan 12, no. 1 (June 20, 2023): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jbat.v12i1.44170.

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Metal organic framework-derived carbons (MOFDCs) are materials with great potential and can be used as electrochemical energy storage because these have a large surface area and pore structure that can be adapted to needs. MOFs have porous crystals in which metal ions or clusters are linked by organic ligands. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical and electrochemical properties of MOF5 synthesized at different temperatures. The MOFs synthesis method which is classified as complicated can be simplified and the use of hazardous solvents can be reduced by means of partial substitution using water solvents. To prepare MOFs can be done in several ways, such as liquid phase epitaxy, supersonic cold spraying, direct gas phase preparation, and interface-assisted synthesis. MOFs have applications in optics, sensing, catalysis, adsorption, and modeling, as well as electrochemical energy storage. Potential application as an interesting electrode material to be studied through the synthesis method. In this study, MOF5 was synthesized at temperatures between 200°C-600°C. To prepare MOF5, zinc nitrate tetrahydrate and acetic acid were dissolved in DMF (N, N-dimethyl formamide). The remaining precipitate (MOF) was immersed three times in DMF and three times in chloroform for 24 hours for each immersion. In general, different MOF5 synthesis affects the microstructure, elemental content, optical properties (transmittance and absorbance), electrical properties, and electrochemical properties

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Cretu, Carmen, Roxana Nicola, Sorin-Alin Marinescu, Elena-Mirela Picioruș, Mariana Suba, Corina Duda-Seiman, Adel Len, Levente Illés, Zsolt Endre Horváth, and Ana-Maria Putz. "Performance of Zr-Based Metal–Organic Framework Materials as In Vitro Systems for the Oral Delivery of Captopril and Ibuprofen." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 18 (September 9, 2023): 13887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241813887.

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Zr-based metal–organic framework materials (Zr-MOFs) with increased specific surface area and pore volume were obtained using chemical (two materials, Zr-MOF1 and Zr-MOF3) and solvothermal (Zr-MOF2) synthesis methods and investigated via FT-IR spectroscopy, TGA, SANS, PXRD, and SEM methods. The difference between Zr-MOF1 and Zr-MOF3 lies in the addition of reactants during synthesis. Nitrogen porosimetry data indicated the presence of pores with average dimensions of ~4 nm; using SANS, the average size of the Zr-MOF nanocrystals was suggested to be approximately 30 nm. The patterns obtained through PXRD were characterized by similar features that point to well-crystallized phases specific for the UIO-66 type materials; SEM also revealed that the materials were composed of small and agglomerate crystals. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that both materials had approximately two linker deficiencies per Zr6 formula unit. Captopril and ibuprofen loading and release experiments in different buffered solutions were performed using the obtained Zr-based metal–organic frameworks as drug carriers envisaged for controlled drug release. The carriers demonstrated enhanced drug-loading capacity and showed relatively good results in drug delivery. The cumulative percentage of drug release in phosphate-buffered solution at pH 7.4 was higher than that in buffered solution at pH 1.2. The release rate could be controlled by changing the pH of the releasing solution. Different captopril release behaviors were observed when the experiments were performed using a permeable dialysis membrane.

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Iranifam, Mortaza. "MOFs-, COFs- and MOGs-assisted chemiluminescence methods." Microchemical Journal 199 (April 2024): 110096. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2024.110096.

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Kamal, W., Rehab Mahmoud, Abeer Enaiet Allah, Ahmed A. Farghali, Abdalla Abdelwahab, Dalal Hussien M. Alkhalifah, Wael N. Hozzein, Manar Bahaa El Din Mohamed, and Sahar Abdel Aleem Abdel Aziz. "Controlling Multi-Drug-Resistant Traits of Salmonella Obtained from Retail Poultry Shops Using Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) as a Novel Technique." Microorganisms 11, no. 10 (October 7, 2023): 2506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11102506.

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Salmonella spp. is considered one of the most important causes of food-borne illness globally. Poultry and its products are usually incriminated in its spread. Treatment with antibiotics is the first choice to deal with such cases; however, multi-drug resistance and biofilm formation have been recorded in animals and humans. This study aimed to detect the antibiotic profile of isolated traits from different sources and to find innovative alternatives, such as MOFs. A total of 350 samples were collected from randomly selected retailed poultry shops in Beni-Suef Province, Egypt. Their antimicrobial susceptibility against eight different antibiotics was tested, and multi-drug resistance was found in most of them. Surprisingly, promising results toward MOF were detected. Cu/Ni/Co-MOF (MOF3) showed superior antibacterial efficiency to Cu/Ni-MOF (MOF2) and Cu-MOF (MOF1) at p value ≤ 0.01. These findings highlight the tendency of Salmonella spp. to develop MDR to most of the antibiotics used in the field and the need to find new alternatives to overcome it, as well as confirming the ability of the environment to act as a source of human and animal affection.

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Laurikėnas, Andrius, Jurgis Barkauskas, and Aivaras Kareiva. "Synthesis and Characterization of Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks with Perfluorinated Linkers." Advances in Science and Technology 98 (October 2016): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.98.70.

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In this study, lanthanide elements (Ln3+) and 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (TFBDC) based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized by precipitation and diffusion-controlled precipitation methods. Powders insoluble in aqueous media and polar solvents were obtained. The microstructure and properties of Ln3+ MOFs were evaluated and discussed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence spectroscopy (FLS) were carried out to characterize Ln3+ MOF's crystallinity, the microstructure, chemical composition and optical properties.

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Yao, Xiao-Qiang, Guo-Bin Xiao, Hua Xie, Dong-Dong Qin, Heng-Chang Ma, Jia-Cheng Liu, and Pen-Ji Yan. "Two triphenylamine-based luminescent metal–organic frameworks as a dual-functional sensor for the detection of nitroaromatic compounds and ofloxacin antibiotic." CrystEngComm 21, no. 15 (2019): 2559–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ce02122h.

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Masingale, Michael P., Ericka F. Alves, Theresah N. Korbieh, Samar K. Bose, and Raymond C. Francis. "An oxidant to replace nitrobenzene in lignin analysis." BioResources 4, no. 3 (July 8, 2009): 1139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.4.3.1139-1146.

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Four metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are being evaluated as possible catalysts for alkaline lignin oxidation. One aspect of the screening process is the oxidation of in-situ hardwood lignin by a high mole ratio of Cu, Fe, or Cu + Fe contained in the MOFs. The MOF’s were prepared in a microwave-assisted synthesis. One of the MOFs, a benzenetricar-boxylic acid complex of Cu (II) and Fe (III), converted the phenylpropane (C9) units in in-situ poplar lignin to approximately 50% monomers. The ratio of syringyl (S) to guiacyl (G) monomers was similar to the S:G ratio obtained from nitrobenzene oxidation (NBO). The S:G ratio from NBO was then compared to that from MOF oxidation (MOFO) for two other poplars. The S:G ratios for the three poplars by MOFO were 1.20, 1.51 and 1.67, respectively while the corresponding NBO values were 1.25, 1.45 and 1.68. These initial results indicate that MOFO could be developed into a credible replacement for NBO, because it affords a higher yield of monomers when a large MOF dose is used. Some preliminary results are also presented for MOF acting as a catalyst (100 ppm Cu (II) plus 81 ppm Fe (III) in NaOH) for oxygenation of the hardwoods. The products from O2 + MOF are identical to MOF only, but the ratios amongst them are different.

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Zhang, Zenghui, Cheng-An Tao, Jie Zhao, Fang Wang, Jian Huang, and Jianfang Wang. "Microwave-Assisted Solvothermal Synthesis of UiO-66-NH2 and Its Catalytic Performance toward the Hydrolysis of a Nerve Agent Simulant." Catalysts 10, no. 9 (September 19, 2020): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10091086.

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Zr-containing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit a good performance of catalyzing the hydrolysis of chemical warfare agents, which is closely related to the size of MOF particles and its defects, but these two factors are often intertwined. In this article, we synthesized UiO-66-NH2 nanoparticles using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. By using a new modulator 4-Fluoro-3-Formyl-Benzoic Acid (FFBA) in different proportions, MOF particles with the same defect degree but different scales and those with similar sizes but different defect degrees can be obtained. The performance of the obtained MOF particles to catalyze the hydrolysis of the nerve agent simulant, dimethyl 4-nitrophenyl phosphate (DMNP), was investigated, and the effects of single factors of size or defect were compared for the first time. As the size of the obtained MOF particles increased from 81 nm to 159 nm, the catalytic degradation efficiency toward DMNP gradually decreased, and the half-life increased from 3.9 min to 11.1 min. For MOFs that have similar crystal sizes, the catalytic degradation half-life of MOF3 is only 5 min, which is much smaller than that of MOF5 due to the defects increase from 1.2 to 1.8 per Zr6 cluster.

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Yao, Zhou, Libing Zhang, Ting Wu, Haijun Song, and Chengli Tang. "Two-Dimensional Copper/Nickel Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets for Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Detection." Micromachines 14, no. 10 (September 30, 2023): 1896. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14101896.

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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have broad potential applications in electrochemical glucose detection. Herein, a green ultrasonic synthesis process is presented for preparing two-dimensional (2D) copper–nickel metal–organic framework nanosheets (CuNi-MOFNs) for glucose detection. The synthesized CuNi-MOFNs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The CuNi-MOFN nanocomposites were used to cover the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and the CuNi-MOFNs-modified electrode was studied in alkaline media. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and amperometric i–t curves indicated that the CuNi-MOFNs-modified electrode revealed great electrochemical performances towards glucose oxidation. Due to the ease of access to active metal sites in large specific surface of nanosheets, the CuNi-MOFNs-modified electrode can effectively improve the electronic transfer rate and enhance electrocatalytic activity of the CuNi-MOFNs-modified electrode. The CuNi-MOFNs-modified electrode showed electrochemical performances for glucose detection with a linear range from 0.01 mM to 4 mM, sensitivity of 702 μAmM−1cm−2, and detection limit of 3.33 μΜ (S/N = 3). The CuNi-MOFNs-modified electrode exhibited excellent anti-interference ability and high selectivity in glucose measurements. Hence, the CuNi-MOFNs-modified electrode has good, promising prospects in non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose detection.

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Takata, Masaki, Eiji Nishibori, Yoshiki Kubota, and Hiroshi Tanaka. "Nanoporous Structural Science Developed by the MEM/Rietveld Method." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C1467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314085325.

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Wide-spread functionalization research of Metal Organic Frameworks(MOFs) has brought rapid increase in variety of materials since the beginning of structural study in nanoporous of MOFs were made by SR(Synchrotron Radiation) powder diffraction using the MEM(Maximum Entropy Method)/Rietveld Method(Kitaura et al, 2002). The MEM/Rietveld method has successfully applied to refine the structural position of absorbed molecules and to investigate a bonding nature between the molecules and MOF's pore walls. Noise-resistance electron density mapping with incomplete data set was a key advantage of MEM to visualize unmodeled feature of molecules in nanoporous. Since then, the charge density studies by the MEM/Rietveld Method have uncovered various ordering structure of absorbed molecules into nanoporous more and more(Takata, 2008). Those findings ignited trends to design the nanoporous as the space to be functionalized. Recently, the MEM/Rietveld method has been further developed as the method to map an electrostatic potential and electric field(Tanaka 2006). This technique is making a progress in structural science of MOFs since the visualized electrostatic potential in the nanoporous ought to provide information of interplay between the molecule and the pore walls. The talk will present the recent progress and challenges of the MEM/Rietveld method to the structural science of the MOFs.

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Pettinari, Claudio, Riccardo Pettinari, Corrado Di Nicola, Alessia Tombesi, Stefania Scuri, and Fabio Marchetti. "Antimicrobial MOFs." Coordination Chemistry Reviews 446 (November 2021): 214121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214121.

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Taroni, Andrea. "Cool MOFs." Nature Materials 12, no. 8 (July 23, 2013): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat3730.

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Faust, Thomas. "MOFs deliver." Nature Chemistry 7, no. 4 (March 24, 2015): 270–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2229.

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Dusastre, Vincent. "Printed MOFs." Nature Materials 11, no. 4 (March 22, 2012): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat3296.

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Astria, Efwita, Martin Thonhofer, Raffaele Ricco, Weibin Liang, Angela Chemelli, Andrew Tarzia, Karen Alt, et al. "Carbohydrates@MOFs." Materials Horizons 6, no. 5 (2019): 969–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8mh01611a.

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Li, Wen-Hua, Wei-Hua Deng, Guan-E. Wang, and Gang Xu. "Conductive MOFs." EnergyChem 2, no. 2 (May 2020): 100029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enchem.2020.100029.

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Shi, Zhennan, Ling Li, Yuxiang Xiao, Yingxi Wang, Keke Sun, Hangxing Wang, and Li Liu. "Synthesis of mixed-ligand Cu–MOFs and their adsorption of malachite green." RSC Advances 7, no. 49 (2017): 30904–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra04820c.

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Liu, Junfeng. "Application of MOFs in Lithium-Ion Batteries." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 73 (November 29, 2023): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v73i.12842.

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In recent ten years, environmental pressure has been increasing, and the demand for batteries has been increasing, requiring high cycling capacity and large capacity clean batteries. This article introduces the research and application of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in lithium-ion batteries. This article also introduces the types and characteristics of MOFs, and explains the mechanism by which MOFs-based functional materials improve battery performance, such as enhancing electrode conductivity through the good conductivity of MOFs nanomaterials. The stable spatial structure of MOF materials brings more ion adsorption sites and changes in buffer electrode materials. Then, through the application of Co-MOFs materials in batteries, a brief introduction was given on the application of MOFs for negative electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries, demonstrating the superiority of MOFs as electrode materials. Finally, by introducing the characteristics of MOFs materials, the application of MOFs in batteries was prospected, and more design possibilities for MOFs materials were proposed.

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Meena, Khushbu, Shalini Dixit, and Balram Tripathi. "Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as Solid State Hydrogen Storage System: A Critical Review." Energy and Environment Focus 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/eef.2023.1271.

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Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of hybrid porous materials which consists inorganic and organic linkers bounded to metal ions. The important properties of MOFs such as greater surface area, synthetic versatility, variable pore size, long range order and inherent structure makes MOFs very interesting in the field of hydrogen storage. In this manuscript we are reporting a detailed review on metal organic frameworks with the help of available previous reported literature. This review summarizes MOFs structure aspect, synthesis, nomenclature, progress of MOFs, gas storage applications, energy consumption, hydrogen storage targets, tabulation of MOFs for hydrogen storage and limitations of synthesized MOFs system related technologies, present challenges and importance of MOFs as hydrogen storage system.

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Wu, Ming-Xue, Yan Wang, Guohui Zhou, and Xiaomin Liu. "Core–Shell MOFs@MOFs: Diverse Designability and Enhanced Selectivity." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 49 (November 24, 2020): 54285–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c16428.

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Wang, Panxue, Yan Sun, Xiang Li, Li Wang, Ying Xu, and Guoliang Li. "Recent Advances in Metal Organic Frameworks Based Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates: Synthesis and Applications." Molecules 26, no. 1 (January 3, 2021): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010209.

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are supramolecular nanomaterials, in which metal ions or clusters are connected by organic ligands to form crystalline lattices with highly ordered periodic porous network structure. MOFs have been widely applied in various fields, such as catalyst, sample preparation, and sensing. In recent years, MOFs based surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates have attracted much attention since MOFs can largely improve the performance of metallic SERS substrates toward target enrichment and signal enhancement. MOFs have been exploited in SERS analysis to tackle some challenges that bare metal substrates cannot achieve. Combination of MOFs and SERS improved the sensitivity of traditional SERS analysis and extended the application scope of SERS. With the increasing exploration of MOFs based SERS substrates, there is a great demand to review the advances in these researches. Herein, this review concentrated on summarizing the preparation and applications of MOFs based SERS substrates. Representative researches were discussed to better understand the property of MOFs based SERS substrates. The advantages of MOFs based SERS substrates were highlighted, as well as their limitations. In addition, the challenges, opportunities, and future trends in MOFs based SERS analysis were tentatively discussed.

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Yin, Hang. "Stimuli-response of MOFs in Drug Delivery Systems." MATEC Web of Conferences 404 (2024): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202440403003.

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) attracted much attention of researchers in biomedicine because of its diverse functions, tuneable pore sizes, and large surface area. MOFs act as a possible drug delivery system and have numerous advantages. It exhibits high loading of drug, biocompatibility, target delivery of drugs, cytotoxicity, and biodegradability. The sizes of MOFs can also be changed without changing its topology. It makes MOFs a appropriate drug delivery carrier in various situations. In recent years, MOFs have become a multifunctional drug carrier, and researchers have designed a variety of MOFs based drug delivery strategies. The significant efficacy of these strategies is also verified. Therefore, exploring MOFs in drug delivery systems is of vital importance. This work mainly discusses about the formulation of drug-delivery MOFs and different kinds of stimuli-response of MOFs. Along with them, the efficacy of the MOFs drug delivery system are also demonstrated experimentally. It is acknowledged that using MOFs to delivery drug is a new method of curing and have a better treatment than current. This work can do help to the further research on the stimuli-response of MOF drug delivery systems.

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Wang, Weifu. "Matel Organic Frameworks in Drug Delivery: Synthesis and Drug Loading Strategies." MATEC Web of Conferences 404 (2024): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202440403013.

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), are widely used in the field of biomedicine. This material display the capacity to change the structures. It can achieve the appropriate size of the apertures by changing the preparation conditions. MOFs have numerous benefits due to their inherent qualities. It can serve as a medication carrier and has several advantages. Among them, an important advantage of MOFs as drug delivery systems is their ability to load large amounts of drugs. Moreover, it is biocompatible to use MOFs as drug delivery carriers. Besides, it is also biodegradable so that the use of MOFs is environmental-friendly. Therefore, studying the application of MOFs in drug delivery systems is of great value. The synthesis method has a significant impact on the structure of MOFs. In this work, the synthesis of MOFs for drug delivery applications is the main topic of this article. The synthesis procedures are discussed in detail. In addition, the drug loading strategy of MOFs is also worth studying. This work also summarizes the drug delivery strategies of MOFs. The research of this work will contribute to the further development of MOFs as drug delivery systems.

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Elrasheedy, Asmaa, Norhan Nady, Mohamed Bassyouni, and Ahmed El-Shazly. "Metal Organic Framework Based Polymer Mixed Matrix Membranes: Review on Applications in Water Purification." Membranes 9, no. 7 (July 19, 2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes9070088.

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Polymeric membranes have been widely employed for water purification applications. However, the trade-off issue between the selectivity and permeability has limited its use in various applications. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were introduced to overcome this limitation and to enhance the properties and performance of polymeric membranes by incorporation of fillers such as silica and zeolites. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new class of hybrid inorganic–organic materials that are introduced as novel fillers for incorporation in polymeric matrix to form composite membranes for different applications especially water desalination. A major advantage of MOFs over other inorganic fillers is the possibility of preparing different structures with different pore sizes and functionalities, which are designed especially for a targeted application. Different MMMs fabrication techniques have also been investigated to fabricate MMMs with pronounced properties for a specific application. Synthesis techniques include blending, layer-by-layer (LBL), gelatin-assisted seed growth and in situ growth that proved to give the most homogenous dispersion of MOFs within the organic matrix. It was found that the ideal filler loading of MOFs in different polymeric matrices is 10%, increasing the filler loading beyond this value led to formation of aggregates that significantly decreased the MOFs-MMMs performance. Despite the many merits of MOFs-MMMs, the main challenge facing the upscaling and wide commercial application of MOFs-MMMs is the difficult synthesis conditions of the MOFs itself and the stability and sustainability of MOFs-MMMs performance. Investigation of new MOFs and MOFs-MMMs synthesis techniques should be carried out for further industrial applications. Among these new synthesis methods, green MOFs synthesis has been highlighted as low cost, renewable, environmentally friendly and recyclable starting materials for MOFs-MMMs. This paper will focus on the investigation of the effect of different recently introduced MOFs on the performance of MOFs-MMMs in water purification applications.

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Posada-Pérez, Sergio, Jordi Poater, Naeimeh Bahri-Laleh, and Albert Poater. "Metallic–Organic Cages (MOCs) with Heterometallic Character: Flexibility-Enhancing MOFs." Catalysts 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13020317.

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The dichotomy between metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and metal–organic cages (MOCs) opens up the research spectrum of two fields which, despite having similarities, both have their advantages and disadvantages. Due to the fact that they have cavities inside, they also have applicability in the porosity sector. Bloch and coworkers within this evolution from MOFs to MOCs manage to describe a MOC with a structure of Cu2 paddlewheel Cu4L4 (L = bis(pyrazolyl)methane) with high precision thanks to crystallographic analyses of X-ray diffraction and also SEM-EDX. Then, also at the same level of concreteness, they were able to find the self-assembly of Pd(II)Cl2 moieties on the available nitrogen donor atoms leading to a [Cu4(L(PdCl2))4] structure. Here, calculations of the DFT density functional allow us to reach an unusual precision given the magnitude and structural complexity, explaining how a pyrazole ring of each bis(pyprazolyl)methane ligand must rotate from an anti to a syn conformation, and a truncation of the MOC structure allows us to elucidate, in the absence of the MOC constraint and its packing in the crystal, that the rotation is almost barrierless, as well as also explain the relative stability of the different conformations, with the anti being the most stable conformation. Characterization calculations with Mayer bond orders (MBO) and noncovalent interaction (NCI) plots discern what is important in the interaction of this type of cage with PdCl2 moieties, also CuCl2 by analogy, as well as simple molecules of water, since the complex is stable in this solvent. However, the L ligand is proved to not have the ability to stabilize an H2O molecule.

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Khan, Mohammad Mansoob, Ashmalina Rahman, and Shaidatul Najihah Matussin. "Recent Progress of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Metal-Organic Frameworks-Based Heterostructures as Photocatalysts." Nanomaterials 12, no. 16 (August 17, 2022): 2820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12162820.

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In the field of photocatalysis, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have drawn a lot of attention. MOFs have a number of advantages over conventional semiconductors, including high specific surface area, large number of active sites, and an easily tunable porous structure. In this perspective review, different synthesis methods used to prepare MOFs and MOFs-based heterostructures have been discussed. Apart from this, the application of MOFs and MOFs-based heterostructures as photocatalysts for photocatalytic degradation of different types of pollutants have been compiled. This paper also highlights the different strategies that have been developed to modify and regulate pristine MOFs for improved photocatalytic performance. The MOFs modifications may result in better visible light absorption, effective photo-generated charge carriers (e−/h+), separation and transfer as well as improved recyclability. Despite that, there are still many obstacles and challenges that need to be addressed. In order to meet the requirements of using MOFs and MOFs-based heterostructures in photocatalysis for low-cost practical applications, future development and prospects have also been discussed.

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Vodyashkin, Andrey A., Antonina V. Sergorodceva, Parfait Kezimana, and Yaroslav M. Stanishevskiy. "Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)—A Universal Material for Biomedicine." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 9 (April 25, 2023): 7819. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24097819.

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a very promising platform for applications in various industries. In recent years, a variety of methods have been developed for the preparation and modification of MOFs, providing a wide range of materials for different applications in life science. Despite the wide range of different MOFs in terms of properties/sizes/chemical nature, they have not found wide application in biomedical practices at present. In this review, we look at the main methods for the preparation of MOFs that can ensure biomedical applications. In addition, we also review the available options for tuning the key parameters, such as size, morphology, and porosity, which are crucial for the use of MOFs in biomedical systems. This review also analyses possible applications for MOFs of different natures. Their high porosity allows the use of MOFs as universal carriers for different therapeutic molecules in the human body. The wide range of chemical species involved in the synthesis of MOFs makes it possible to enhance targeting and prolongation, as well as to create delivery systems that are sensitive to various factors. In addition, we also highlight how injectable, oral, and even ocular delivery systems based on MOFs can be used. The possibility of using MOFs as therapeutic agents and sensitizers in photodynamic, photothermal, and sonodynamic therapy was also reviewed. MOFs have demonstrated high selectivity in various diagnostic systems, making them promising for future applications. The present review aims to systematize the main ways of modifying MOFs, as well as the biomedical applications of various systems based on MOFs.

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Feng, Linxuan, and Chenxi Song. "Coated Metal-Organic Framework Composites for Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery: Preparation and Applications." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 6 (July 27, 2022): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v6i.957.

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are made from metal ions and various organic ligands, which have been demonstrated to be an essential material used as drug delivery vehicles because of their large surface area, simple functionalization, high porosity and excellent biocompatibility. Recently, coated MOFs are promising approaches to overcome the limitations of pure MOFs in drug delivery systems with improved targeting, better biodistribution and lower cytotoxicity. In this review, the preparation and applications of polymer-coated MOFs, magnetic core-shell MOFs and membrane-coated MOFs are mainly introduced. The polymer-coated MOFs with high structural and functional flexibility achieve greater drug loadings via covalent grafting and polymerization. Magnetic core-shell MOFs can effectively detect the location of tumors by applying a magnetic field. Their enhanced biodegradability is realized due to the presence of these magnetic agents. Membrane-coated MOFs, especially for cancer cell membranes and red blood cell membranes, are capable of making drug substances more durable in the immune system and preventing them from being digested with improvement in tumor-targeting and biointerfacing effects. These coated MOFs and corresponding MOFs with detailed modifications result in better therapeutic efficacy in anticancer activities, providing new insights into the development of chemical synthesis and biomedical applications.

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Wang, Zhengyun, Yanyu Zhong, Chenhuinan Wei, Lipei Jiang, and Hongfang Liu. "Review—Metal-Organic Framework-Based Supercapacitors." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 169, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 010516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac4841.

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Supercapacitors as a class of energy storage devices possess high power density, outstanding reversibility and long cycle life. The development of innovative electrode materials and unconventional configurations determine the successful operation of supercapacitors. Owing to controllable porous structure and unique electrochemical behavior, great efforts have been devoted to designing and fabricating innovative metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based supercapacitors. In this review, recent developments in MOFs related supercapacitors electrodes are summarized. Furthermore, the advances in MOFs composites for supercapactiors application including pristine MOFs, MOFs composites and MOFs-derived composites are systematically discussed by integrating charge storing principle. Finally, future prospects and opportunities in the design of MOFs related electrodes are also delineated.

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Tan, Xiaohong, Xiaoqing Yao, and Zhishun Chen. "Synthesis and Application of Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals@Metal-Organic Frameworks Composites." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2393, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2393/1/012010.

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Abstract LHP@MOFs composites, combined lead halide perovskite (LHP) nanocrystals (NCs) with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), show great potential in the field of optoelectronic applications. Meanwhile, the stability of LHP NCs is improved by encapsulating them in MOFs. The recent progress of LHP@MOFs composites in terms of synthesis and applications is first summarized in this paper. Thereafter, a brief outlook is given for the possible future prospects of LHP@MOFs composites, which may provide the further development of stable LHP@MOFs.

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Wang, Fengqin, Fengxiao Zhang, Zhongrui Zhao, Zhenyu Sun, Yanyan Pu, Yanjun Wang, and Xiaoqing Wang. "Multifunctional MOF-based probes for efficient detection and discrimination of Pb2+, Fe3+ and Cr2O72−/CrO42−." Dalton Transactions 50, no. 35 (2021): 12197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1dt01446c.

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As sensors, both MOFs and Ln3+@MOFs exhibit multi-target detection performances. And also, the combination of Eu3+@MOFs and the original MOFs can effectively distinguish analytes due to different quenching effects.

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Wang, Kuai-Bing, Rong Bi, Zi-Kai Wang, Yang Chu, and Hua Wu. "Metal–organic frameworks with different spatial dimensions for supercapacitors." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 8 (2020): 3147–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj05198h.

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Recent progress in MOF materials for SCs with different spatial dimensions, such as 2D MOFs, including conductive MOFs and nanosheets, and 3D MOFs, categorized as single metallic and multiple metallic MOFs, are reviewed.

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Fang, Ruiqi, Amarajothi Dhakshinamoorthy, Yingwei Li, and Hermenegildo Garcia. "Metal organic frameworks for biomass conversion." Chemical Society Reviews 49, no. 11 (2020): 3638–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cs00070a.

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This review narrates the recent developments on the catalytic applications of pristine metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), functionalized MOFs, guests embedded over MOFs and MOFs derived carbon composites for biomass conversion into platform chemicals.

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Du, Zhehua. "Research progress on degradation of organic pollutants based on metal–organic frameworks materials." E3S Web of Conferences 385 (2023): 04035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338504035.

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As an advanced oxidation process, Fenton oxidation has attracted much attention because its reactants and products are green and pollution - free. The traditional Fenton oxidation method has some problems, such as high PH requirement and low utilization rate of hydrogen peroxide. Over the past few years, the advancements in application research of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have presented innovative and effective ideas for addressing the aforementioned issues. This paper presents the recent advancements in Fenton oxidation technique utilizing Fenton-based materials. Based on literature analysis, it can be seen that Fe-based MOFs were initially used for catalytic reaction and the research shows that the catalytic activity of Fe-based MOFs can be increased by increasing the number of unsaturated Fe metal sites. And the doping of other metals into Fe-based MOF or dual ligand Fe-based MOFs can play a role in changing the structure and increasing the unsaturated metal sites which can further expand the direct application of MOFs in the Fenton oxidation method. However, due to the limited types of iron-based MOFs, non-iron-based MOFs materials and indirect use of MOFs have been reported in the indirect use of MOFs, catalytic active substances can be compounded into MOFs materials through in-situ growth, forming a synergistic effect to improve the efficiency of degradation by means of carbonization or pyrolysis of MOFs, MOFs derived materials can be obtained.

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Sun, Ao. "Applications of MOFs in Drug Delivery." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 58 (July 12, 2023): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v58i.10122.

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The main research focus of this article is the application of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in drug delivery applications. The review primarily concentrates on the methods used for loading drugs into MOFs, their response to stimuli, potential applications, and limitations. The article begins with discussing the limitations of traditional drug delivery systems and introduces MOFs as a potential solution to these limitations. The drug loading strategy section describes the three main methods for loading drugs into MOFs, including their respective benefits and drawbacks. The stimulus response release program section explores various stimuli that can trigger drug release from MOFs, including physical, chemical, and biological factors, and provides examples of how MOFs can respond to these stimuli. The section on application and challenges provides an overview of current studies exploring the potential of MOFs in biomedical applications, including cancer therapy, antibacterial therapy, and anti-inflammatory therapy, while also highlighting the key challenges facing MOFs research, such as biocompatibility and toxicity. Finally, the article concludes by offering prospects for future developments in MOFs research. This review article provides a significant resource for drug delivery researchers and practitioners who wish to investigating the possibility of utilizing MOFs as novel drug delivery vehicles.

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Cai, Mengru, Gongsen Chen, Liuying Qin, Changhai Qu, Xiaoxv Dong, Jian Ni, and Xingbin Yin. "Metal Organic Frameworks as Drug Targeting Delivery Vehicles in the Treatment of Cancer." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12030232.

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In recent years, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely developed as vehicles for the effective delivery of drugs to tumor tissues. Due to the high loading capacity and excellent biocompatibility of MOFs, they provide an unprecedented opportunity for the treatment of cancer. However, drugs which are commonly used to treat cancer often cause side effects in normal tissue accumulation. Therefore, the strategy of drug targeting delivery based on MOFs has excellent research significance. Here, we introduce several intelligent targeted drug delivery systems based on MOFs and their characteristics as drug-loading systems, and the challenges of MOFs are discussed. This article covers the following types of MOFs: Isoreticular Metal Organic Frameworks (IRMOFs), Materials of Institute Lavoisier (MILs), Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs), University of Oslo (UiOs), and MOFs-based core-shell structures. Generally, MOFs can be reasonably controlled at the nanometer size to effectively achieve passive targeting. In addition, different ligands can be modified on MOFs for active or physicochemical targeting. On the one hand, the targeting strategy can improve the concentration of the drugs at the tumor site to improve the efficacy, on the other hand, it can avoid the release of the drugs in normal tissues to improve safety. Despite the challenges of clinical application of MOFs, MOFs have a number of advantages as a kind of smart delivery vehicle, which offer possibilities for clinical applications.

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Han, Yaoyao, Weicong Liu, Jianjing Huang, Shuowen Qiu, Huarui Zhong, Dong Liu, and Jianqiang Liu. "Cyclodextrin-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks (CD-MOFs) in Pharmaceutics and Biomedicine." Pharmaceutics 10, no. 4 (December 12, 2018): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics10040271.

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show promising application in biomedicine and pharmaceutics owing to their extraordinarily high surface area, tunable pore size, and adjustable internal surface properties. However, MOFs are prepared from non-renewable or toxic materials, which limit their real-world applications. Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a typical natural and biodegradable cyclic oligosaccharide and are primarily used to enhance the aqueous solubility, safety, and bioavailability of drugs by virtue of its low toxicity and highly flexible structure, offering a peculiar ability to form CD/drug inclusions. A sophisticated strategy where CD is deployed as a ligand to form an assembly of cyclodextrin-based MOFs (CD-MOFs) may overcome real-world application drawbacks of MOFs. CD-MOFs incorporate the porous features of MOFs and the encapsulation capability of CD for drug molecules, leading to outstanding properties when compared with traditional hybrid materials. This review focuses on the inclusion technology and drug delivery properties associated with CD-MOFs. In addition, synthetic strategies and currently developed uses of CD-MOFs are highlighted as well. Also, perspectives and future challenges in this rapidly developing research area are discussed.

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Zhang, Hao, Cha Li, Yang Li, Jiandong Pang, and Xianhe Bu. "The Advanced Synthesis of MOFs-Based Materials in Photocatalytic HER in Recent Three Years." Catalysts 12, no. 11 (November 2, 2022): 1350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12111350.

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Since the advent of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), researchers have paid extensive attention to MOFs due to their determined structural composition, controllable pore size, and diverse physical and chemical properties. Photocatalysis, as a significant application of MOFs catalysts, has developed rapidly in recent years and become a research hotspot continuously. Various methods and approaches to construct and modify MOFs and their derivatives can not only affect the structure and morphology, but also largely determine their properties. Herein, we summarize the advanced synthesis of MOFs-based materials in the field of the photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce hydrogen in the recent three years. The main contents include the overview of the novel synthesis strategies in four aspects: internal modification and structure optimization of MOFs materials, MOFs/semiconductor composites, MOFs/COFs-based hybrids, and MOFs-derived materials. In addition, the problems and challenges faced in this direction and the future development goals were also discussed. We hope this review will help deepen the reader’s understanding and promote continued high-quality development in this field.

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Zhu, Rongyue, Mengru Cai, Tingting Fu, Dongge Yin, Hulinyue Peng, Shilang Liao, Yuji Du, Jiahui Kong, Jian Ni, and Xingbin Yin. "Fe-Based Metal Organic Frameworks (Fe-MOFs) for Bio-Related Applications." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 6 (May 26, 2023): 1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15061599.

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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials composed of metal ions and organic ligands. Due to their large surface area, easy modification, and good biocompatibility, MOFs are often used in bio-related fields. Fe-based metal–organic frameworks (Fe-MOFs), as important types of MOF, are favored by biomedical researchers for their advantages, such as low toxicity, good stability, high drug-loading capacity, and flexible structure. Fe-MOFs are diverse and widely used. Many new Fe-MOFs have appeared in recent years, with new modification methods and innovative design ideas, leading to the transformation of Fe-MOFs from single-mode therapy to multi-mode therapy. In this paper, the therapeutic principles, classification, characteristics, preparation methods, surface modification, and applications of Fe-MOFs in recent years are reviewed to understand the development trends and existing problems in Fe-MOFs, with the view to provide new ideas and directions for future research.

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Cong, Zihan. "Application of Zn-MOFs in Treating Cancer." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 36 (March 21, 2023): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v36i.5653.

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are extremely porous crystals belonging to metallic complexes, made up of metal ions or clusters and organic ligands via coordinative bonding. The construction of tailored MOFs has attracted increasing interest over the past few decades. Particularly, a variety of applications for the delivery of drugs using MOFs are being investigated. MOFs were initially employed to deliver small-molecule medications. In this article, the construction of electrochemical (EC) biosensors based on MOFs that are directed toward certain analytes are mainly introduced. The classification of MOFs for drug-delivery systems (DDSs) based on the types of constitutes is presented in this article as an overview and point of view of MOF-based DDSs, among which, Zn-based MOFs are one of the best choices to be used in cancer treatment. This article demonstrates the advantages of Zn-based MOFs in cancer treatment compared to their counterparts.

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Zheng, Anqi, Kuibo Yin, Rui Pan, Mingyun Zhu, Yuwei Xiong, and Litao Sun. "Research Progress on Metal–Organic Frameworks by Advanced Transmission Electron Microscopy." Nanomaterials 13, no. 11 (May 26, 2023): 1742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13111742.

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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), composed of metal nodes and inorganic linkers, are promising for a wide range of applications due to their unique periodic frameworks. Understanding structure–activity relationships can facilitate the development of new MOFs. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful technique to characterize the microstructures of MOFs at the atomic scale. In addition, it is possible to directly visualize the microstructural evolution of MOFs in real time under working conditions via in situ TEM setups. Although MOFs are sensitive to high-energy electron beams, much progress has been made due to the development of advanced TEM. In this review, we first introduce the main damage mechanisms for MOFs under electron-beam irradiation and two strategies to minimize these damages: low-dose TEM and cryo-TEM. Then we discuss three typical techniques to analyze the microstructure of MOFs, including three-dimensional electron diffraction, imaging using direct-detection electron-counting cameras, and iDPC-STEM. Groundbreaking milestones and research advances of MOFs structures obtained with these techniques are highlighted. In situ TEM studies are reviewed to provide insights into the dynamics of MOFs induced by various stimuli. Additionally, perspectives are analyzed for promising TEM techniques in the research of MOFs’ structures.

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Bull, Okpara Sergeant, Ibiso Bull, Gloria Kelechi Amadi, Chikwem Obaalologhi Odu, and Eyu Okpa Okpa. "A Review on Metal- Organic Frameworks (MOFS), Synthesis, Activation, Characterisation, and Application." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 38, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 490–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/380301.

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A myriad of MOFs reported in the literature are made up of transition metal ions (nodes), single or in clusters, braced by organic supports or ligands. But there are other MOFs in which the central metal are non-transition elements. MOFs are prepared by the combination of inorganic and organic building units to give materials with high porosity, and other unique properties. Due to MOFs unique structural topographies, they find applications in diverse areas such as gas adsorption, gas purification and separation, catalysis, and in drug delivery. In this review article, the design and methods for MOFs synthesis, MOFs- activation, characterization, as well as organic linkers used for the making of MOFs are discussed. Furthermore the shortage of MOFs research based on silicon-containing aryl building units as well as boron-containing building units in comparison to carbon-containing building units are highlighted. We hope that this review will help researchers, industrialists and academics.

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Zha, Xiaoqian, Xianhui Zhao, Erin Webb, Shifa Ullah Khan, and Yang Wang. "Beyond Pristine Metal–Organic Frameworks: Preparation of Hollow MOFs and Their Composites for Catalysis, Sensing, and Adsorption Removal Applications." Molecules 28, no. 1 (December 24, 2022): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010144.

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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been broadly applied to numerous domains with a substantial surface area, tunable pore size, and multiple unsaturated metal sites. Recently, hollow MOFs have greatly attracted the scientific community due to their internal cavities and gradient pore structures. Hollow MOFs have a higher tunability, faster mass-transfer rates, and more accessible active sites when compared to traditional, solid MOFs. Hollow MOFs are also considered to be candidates for some functional material carriers. For example, composite materials such as hollow MOFs and metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, and enzymes have been prepared. These composite materials integrate the characteristics of hollow MOFs with functional materials and are broadly used in many aspects. This review describes the preparation strategies of hollow MOFs and their composites as well as their applications in organic catalysis, electrochemical sensing, and adsorption separation. Finally, we hope that this review provides meaningful knowledge about hollow-MOF composites and their derivatives and offers many valuable references to develop hollow-MOF-based applied materials.

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Chen, Yan, Chao Lei, Yong-Gang Zhao, Ming-Li Ye, and Kun Yang. "Orientation Growth of N-Doped and Iron-Based Metal–Organic Framework and Its Application for Removal of Cr(VI) in Wastewater." Molecules 29, no. 5 (February 26, 2024): 1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29051007.

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A series of NH2-functionalized nano-sized magnetic metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were prepared in this study for Cr(VI) removal from wastewater. It was observed that not only the morphological, i.e., orientation growth of N-doped and iron-based metal–organic frameworks, but also the adsorption of magnetic MOFs is largely related to the used amount of ammonium hydroxide in preparation. For example, with increasing amounts of ammonium hydroxide used in preparation, the morphology of magnetic MOFs changed from spherical to cube and triangular cone. Moreover, the maximum adsorption capacity of spherical-magnetic MOFs, cubic-magnetic MOFs and triangular cone-magnetic MOFs could be up to 204.08 mg/g, 232.56 mg/g and 270.27 mg/g, respectively. Under optimal conditions, the adsorption process of magnetic MOFs for Cr(VI) was consistent with the pseudo-second-order rate equation (R2 = 1) and Langmuir isotherm model (R2 > 0.99). Therefore, magnetic MOFs developed in this work offered a viable option for the removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater.

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Levin, Ilya, and Osnat Keren. "A Generalized If-Then-Else Operator for the Representation of Multi-Output Functions." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/401616.

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The paper deals with fundamentals of systems of Boolean functions called multi-output functions (MOFs). A new approach to representing MOFs is introduced based on a Generalized If-Then-Else (GITE) function. It is shown that known operations on MOFs may be expressed by a GITE function. The GITE forms the algebra of MOFs. We use the properties of this algebra to solve an MOF-decomposition problem. The solution provides a compact representation of MOFs.

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Jiang, Di, Chuanying Wei, Ziyang Zhu, Xiaohui Xu, Min Lu, and Guangsheng Wang. "Preparation of Flower-like Nickel-Based Bimetallic Organic Framework Electrodes for High-Efficiency Hybrid Supercapacitors." Crystals 11, no. 11 (November 21, 2021): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11111425.

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Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been rapidly developed in the application of electrode materials due to their controllable morphology and ultra-high porosity. In this research, flower-like layered nickel-based bimetallic MOFs microspheres with different metal central ions were synthesized by solvothermal method. Compared with Ni-MOFs, the optimization of the specific capacitance of NiCo-MOFs and NiMn-MOFs was been confirmed. For example, the specific capacitance of NiCo-MOFs can reach 882 F·g−1 at 0.5 A·g−1 while maintaining satisfactory cycle life (the specific capacity remains 90.1% of the initial value after 3000 charge-discharge cycles at 5 A·g−1). In addition, the NiCo-MOFs//AC HSCs, which are composed of NiCo-MOFs and activated carbon (AC), achieved a maximum energy density of 18.33 Wh·kg−1 at a power density of 400 W·kg−1, and showed satisfactory cycle life (82.4% after 3000 cycles). These outstanding electrochemical properties can be ascribed to the synergistic effect between metal ions, the optimized conductivity, and the unique layered stacked flower structure, which provides a smooth transmission channel for electrons/ions. In addition, this research gives a general method for the application of MOFs in the field of supercapacitors.

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Journal articles on the topic 'MOFs'

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