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Journal articles on the topic 'Moist static energy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Sobel, Adam, Shuguang Wang, and Daehyun Kim. "Moist Static Energy Budget of the MJO during DYNAMO." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 11 (2014): 4276–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-14-0052.1.

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Abstract The authors analyze the column-integrated moist static energy budget over the region of the tropical Indian Ocean covered by the sounding array during the Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in the Year 2011 (CINDY2011)/Dynamics of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (DYNAMO) field experiment in late 2011. The analysis is performed using data from the sounding array complemented by additional observational datasets for surface turbulent fluxes and atmospheric radiative heating. The entire analysis is repeated using the ECMWF Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim). Th

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2

Adames, Ángel F., Rosa M. Vargas Martes, Haochang Luo, and Richard B. Rood. "Moist Static Potential Vorticity Budget in Tropical Motion Systems." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 79, no. 3 (2022): 763–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-21-0161.1.

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Abstract Analyses of simple models of moist tropical motion systems reveal that the column-mean moist static potential vorticity (MSPV) can explain their propagation and growth. The MSPV is akin to the equivalent PV except it uses moist static energy (MSE) instead of the equivalent potential temperature. Examination of an MSPV budget that is scaled for moist off-equatorial synoptic-scale systems reveals that α, the ratio between the vertical gradients of latent and dry static energies, describes the relative contribution of dry and moist advective processes to the evolution of MSPV. Horizontal

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3

Yu, Lijun, Shuhui Wu, and Zhanhong Ma. "Evaluation of Moist Static Energy in a Simulated Tropical Cyclone." Atmosphere 10, no. 6 (2019): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10060319.

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The characteristics of moist static energy (MSE) and its budget in a simulated tropical cyclone (TC) are examined in this study. Results demonstrate that MSE in a TC system is enhanced as the storm strengthens, primarily because of two mechanisms: upward transfer of surface heat fluxes and subsequent warming of the upper troposphere. An inspection of the interchangeable approximation between MSE and equivalent potential temperature (θe) suggests that although MSE is capable of capturing overall structures of θe, some important features will still be distorted, specifically the low-MSE pool out

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4

Neelin, J. David, and Isaac M. Held. "Modeling Tropical Convergence Based on the Moist Static Energy Budget." Monthly Weather Review 115, no. 1 (1987): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1987)115<0003:mtcbot>2.0.co;2.

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5

Overland, James E., Philip Turet, and Abraham H. Oort. "Regional Variations of Moist Static Energy Flux into the Arctic." Journal of Climate 9, no. 1 (1996): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<0054:rvomse>2.0.co;2.

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6

Skific, Natasa, and Jennifer A. Francis. "Drivers of projected change in arctic moist static energy transport." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118, no. 7 (2013): 2748–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50292.

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7

Frierson, Dargan M. W., Isaac M. Held, and Pablo Zurita-Gotor. "A Gray-Radiation Aquaplanet Moist GCM. Part II: Energy Transports in Altered Climates." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 5 (2007): 1680–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3913.1.

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Abstract A simplified moist general circulation model is used to study changes in the meridional transport of moist static energy by the atmosphere as the water vapor content is increased. The key assumptions of the model are gray radiation, with water vapor and other constituents having no effect on radiative transfer, and mixed layer aquaplanet boundary conditions, implying that the atmospheric meridional energy transport balances the net radiation at the top of the atmosphere. These simplifications allow the authors to isolate the effect of moisture on energy transports by baroclinic eddies

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8

Shaw, Tiffany A., Pragallva Barpanda, and Aaron Donohoe. "A Moist Static Energy Framework for Zonal-Mean Storm-Track Intensity." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, no. 6 (2018): 1979–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-17-0183.1.

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Abstract A moist static energy (MSE) framework for zonal-mean storm-track intensity, defined as the extremum of zonal-mean transient eddy MSE flux, is derived and applied across a range of time scales. According to the framework, storm-track intensity can be decomposed into contributions from net energy input [sum of shortwave absorption and surface heat fluxes into the atmosphere minus outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and atmospheric storage] integrated poleward of the storm-track position and MSE flux by the mean meridional circulation or stationary eddies at the storm-track position. The f

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9

Yasunaga, Kazuaki, Satoru Yokoi, Kuniaki Inoue, and Brian E. Mapes. "Space–Time Spectral Analysis of the Moist Static Energy Budget Equation." Journal of Climate 32, no. 2 (2018): 501–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0334.1.

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Abstract The budget of column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) is examined in wavenumber–frequency transforms of longitude–time sections over the tropical belt. Cross-spectra with satellite-derived precipitation (TRMM-3B42) are used to emphasize precipitation-coherent signals in reanalysis [ERA-Interim (ERAI)] estimates of each term in the budget equation. Results reveal different budget balances in convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs) as well as in the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and tropical depression (TD)-type disturbances. The real component (expressing amplification or d

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10

Hannah, Walter M., and Eric D. Maloney. "The moist static energy budget in NCAR CAM5 hindcasts during DYNAMO." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 6, no. 2 (2014): 420–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013ms000272.

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11

Merlis, Timothy M., and Matthew Henry. "Simple Estimates of Polar Amplification in Moist Diffusive Energy Balance Models." Journal of Climate 31, no. 15 (2018): 5811–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0578.1.

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Diffusive energy balance models (EBMs) that use moist static energy, rather than temperature, as the thermodynamic variable to determine the energy transport provide an idealized framework to understand the pattern of radiatively forced surface warming. These models have a polar amplified warming pattern that is quantitatively similar to general circulation model simulations. Even without surface albedo changes or other spatially varying feedbacks, they simulate polar amplification that results from increased poleward energy transport with warming. Here, two estimates for polar amplification a

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12

Privé, Nikki C., and R. Alan Plumb. "Monsoon Dynamics with Interactive Forcing. Part II: Impact of Eddies and Asymmetric Geometries." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 5 (2007): 1431–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3917.1.

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Abstract The roles of eddies and forcing asymmetry in the dynamics of the large-scale monsoon circulation are investigated with a general circulation model. The net impact of eddies is found to be a slight weakening of the zonal mean monsoon circulation. The eddies strongly impact the momentum budget of the circulation, but the qualitative behavior of the monsoon flow is not substantially altered. The introduction of asymmetric forcing reveals the limitations of axisymmetric studies in representing the fully three-dimensional monsoon. Advection of low subcloud moist static energy air from the

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13

Annamalai, H. "ENSO Precipitation Anomalies along the Equatorial Pacific: Moist Static Energy Framework Diagnostics." Journal of Climate 33, no. 21 (2020): 9103–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-19-0374.1.

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AbstractWith the recognition that equatorial Pacific precipitation anomalies are fundamental to global teleconnections during ENSO winters, the present research applies vertically integrated moist static energy (MSE) budget analysis to historical simulations of CMIP5 models. Process-based assessment is carried out to understand if the models capture the differing processes that account for regional precipitation anomalies along the equatorial Pacific and to isolate a few leading processes that account for the diversified precipitation response to similar SST forcing and vice versa. To assess S

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14

Pauluis, Olivier. "Sources and Sinks of Available Potential Energy in a Moist Atmosphere." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 7 (2007): 2627–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3937.1.

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Abstract Available potential energy (APE) is defined as the difference between the total static energy of the atmosphere and that of a reference state that minimizes the total static energy after a sequence of reversible adiabatic transformations. Determining the rate at which APE is generated in the atmosphere allows one to estimate the amount of kinetic energy that can be generated by atmosphere flows. Previous expressions for the sources and sinks of APE rely on a dry framework and are limited by the fact that they require prior knowledge of the distribution of latent heat release by atmosp

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15

Wing, Allison A., Suzana J. Camargo, Adam H. Sobel, et al. "Moist Static Energy Budget Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Intensification in High-Resolution Climate Models." Journal of Climate 32, no. 18 (2019): 6071–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0599.1.

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Abstract Tropical cyclone intensification processes are explored in six high-resolution climate models. The analysis framework employs process-oriented diagnostics that focus on how convection, moisture, clouds, and related processes are coupled. These diagnostics include budgets of column moist static energy and the spatial variance of column moist static energy, where the column integral is performed between fixed pressure levels. The latter allows for the quantification of the different feedback processes responsible for the amplification of moist static energy anomalies associated with the

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16

Huang, Wei, J. W. Bao, Xu Zhang, and Baode Chen. "Comparison of the Vertical Distributions of Cloud Properties from Idealized Extratropical Deep Convection Simulations Using Various Horizontal Resolutions." Monthly Weather Review 146, no. 3 (2018): 833–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-17-0162.1.

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ABSTRACT The authors coarse-grained and analyzed the output from a large-eddy simulation (LES) of an idealized extratropical supercell storm using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model with various horizontal resolutions (200 m, 400 m, 1 km, and 3 km). The coarse-grained physical properties of the simulated convection were compared with explicit WRF simulations of the same storm at the same resolution of coarse-graining. The differences between the explicit simulations and the coarse-grained LES output increased as the horizontal grid spacing in the explicit simulation coarsened. Th

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17

Srinivasan, J., and G. L. Smith. "The Role of Heat Fluxes and Moist Static Energy in Tropical Convergence Zones." Monthly Weather Review 124, no. 10 (1996): 2089–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1996)124<2089:trohfa>2.0.co;2.

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18

Yano, Jun-Ichi, and Maarten H. P. Ambaum. "Moist static energy: definition, reference constants, a conservation law and effects on buoyancy." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 143, no. 708 (2017): 2727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.3121.

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19

Masunaga, Hirohiko, and Tristan S. L’Ecuyer. "A Mechanism of Tropical Convection Inferred from Observed Variability in the Moist Static Energy Budget." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 10 (2014): 3747–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-14-0015.1.

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Abstract Temporal variability in the moist static energy (MSE) budget is studied with measurements from a combination of different satellites including the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and A-Train platforms. A composite time series before and after the development of moist convection is obtained from the observations to delineate the evolution of MSE and moisture convergences and, in their combination, gross moist stability (GMS). A new algorithm is then applied to estimate large-scale vertical motion from energy budget constraints through vertical-mode decomposition into first a

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20

Ma, Zhanhong, Jianfang Fei, Xiaogang Huang, and Xiaoping Cheng. "A Potential Problem with the Application of Moist Static Energy in Tropical Cyclone Studies." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 72, no. 8 (2015): 3009–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-14-0367.1.

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Abstract The moist static energy (MSE) is derived from the first law of thermodynamics and has been widely used in tropical cyclone (TC) studies because of its energetic and conventionally recognized conservation properties. This study investigates the validation of the MSE application in TC systems based on cloud-resolving numerical simulations. By examining the approximations made in deriving the MSE, neglecting the horizontal advection of pressure (namely, the generation of kinetic energy) relative to the vertical advection of pressure is found to be in error in the boundary layer of TCs wi

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21

Feng, Tao, Jia-Yuh Yu, Xiu-Qun Yang, and Ronghui Huang. "Convective Coupling in Tropical-Depression-Type Waves. Part II: Moisture and Moist Static Energy Budgets." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 77, no. 10 (2020): 3423–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-19-0173.1.

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AbstractThe companion of this paper, Part I, discovered the characteristics of the rainfall progression in tropical-depression (TD)-type waves over the western North Pacific. In Part II, the large-scale controls on the convective rainfall progression have been investigated using the ERA-Interim data and the TRMM 3B42 precipitation-rate data during June–October from 1998 to 2013 through budgets of moist static energy (MSE) and moisture. A buildup of column-integrated MSE occurs in advance of deep convection, and an export of MSE occurs following deep convection, which is consistent with the MSE

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22

Inoue, Kuniaki, and Larissa Back. "Column-Integrated Moist Static Energy Budget Analysis on Various Time Scales during TOGA COARE." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 72, no. 5 (2015): 1856–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-14-0249.1.

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Abstract Moist static energy (MSE) budgets on different time scales are analyzed in the TOGA COARE data using Lanczos filters to separate variability with different frequencies. Four different time scales (~2-day, ~5-day, ~10-day, and MJO time scales) are chosen based on the power spectrum of the precipitation and previous TOGA COARE studies. The lag regression-slope technique is utilized to depict characteristic patterns of the variability associated with the MSE budgets on the different time scales. This analysis illustrates that the MSE budgets behave in significantly different ways on the

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23

de Szoeke, Simon P. "Variations of the Moist Static Energy Budget of the Tropical Indian Ocean Atmospheric Boundary Layer." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, no. 5 (2018): 1545–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-17-0345.1.

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The atmospheric circulation depends on poorly understood interactions between the tropical atmospheric boundary layer (BL) and convection. The surface moist static energy (MSE) source (130 W m−2, of which 120 W m−2 is evaporation) to the tropical marine BL is balanced by upward MSE flux at the BL top that is the source for deep convection. Important for modeling tropical convection and circulation is whether MSE enters the free troposphere by dry turbulent processes originating within the boundary layer or by motions generated by moist deep convection in the free troposphere. Here, highly reso

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24

PATTANAIK, D. R. "Analysis of moist convective instability over Indian monsoon region and neighbourhood." MAUSAM 54, no. 3 (2022): 659–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v54i3.1557.

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The nature of deep convection over the Indian monsoon region and neighbourhood during different seasons is investigated by analysing Dry Static Energy (DSE), Moist Static Energy (MSE), Precipitable Water Content (PWC) and Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) computed from 13 years (1982-1994) monthly mean data obtained from the National Centre for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis.  It is seen from this study that the mean atmosphere over the Indian monsoon region is convectively unstable at lower levels during all seasons with highest degree of instability and max

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25

Liao, Xueyu, Tim Li, and Chen Ma. "Moist Static Energy and Secondary Circulation Evolution Characteristics during the Rapid Intensification of Super Typhoon Yutu (2007)." Atmosphere 13, no. 7 (2022): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos13071105.

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A high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used to simulate inner-core thermodynamic (such as moist static energy) and dynamic secondary circulation structure evolutions associated with the rapid intensification (RI) of Super Typhoon Yutu (2007). The results show that the column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) and the secondary circulation strength are significantly correlated to the typhoon intensity change. A rapid increase of the MSE during the RI period is primarily attributed to inner core temperature increase, due to enhanced subsidence within the eye and stre

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26

Kuang, Zhiming. "The Wavelength Dependence of the Gross Moist Stability and the Scale Selection in the Instability of Column-Integrated Moist Static Energy." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68, no. 1 (2011): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jas3591.1.

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Abstract Gross moist stability (GMS), a measure of how efficiently divergent flow exports column-integrated moist static energy (MSE), is a widely used quantity in current simplified models of the tropical mean circulation and intraseasonal variabilities such as the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), where it is often assumed to be constant. In this paper, it is shown, with cloud-system-resolving model experiments that incorporate feedback from the large-scale flow, that the GMS is smaller at longer wavelengths. The reason for this wavelength dependence is that temperature anomalies required to

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27

Adames, Ángel F., and Yi Ming. "Moisture and Moist Static Energy Budgets of South Asian Monsoon Low Pressure Systems in GFDL AM4.0." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, no. 6 (2018): 2107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-17-0309.1.

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Abstract The mechanisms that lead to the propagation of anomalous moisture and moist static energy (MSE) in monsoon low and high pressure systems, collectively referred to as synoptic-scale monsoonal disturbances (SMDs), are investigated using daily output fields from GFDL’s atmospheric general circulation model, version 4.0 (AM4.0). On the basis of linear regression analysis of westward-propagating rainfall anomalies of time scales shorter than 15 days, it is found that SMDs are organized into wave trains of three to four individual cyclones and anticyclones. These events amplify over the Bay

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28

Döös, Kristofer, and Johan Nilsson. "Analysis of the Meridional Energy Transport by Atmospheric Overturning Circulations." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68, no. 8 (2011): 1806–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jas3493.1.

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Abstract The atmospheric meridional overturning circulation is computed using the interim European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) data. Meridional mass transport streamfunctions are calculated not only using pressure as a vertical coordinate but also using temperature, specific humidity, and geopotential height as generalized vertical coordinates. Moreover, mass transport streamfunctions are calculated using the latent, the dry static, or the moist static energy as generalized vertical coordinates. The total meridional energy transport can be obtained by in

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29

Haertel, Patrick T., George N. Kiladis, Andrew Denno, and Thomas M. Rickenbach. "Vertical-Mode Decompositions of 2-Day Waves and the Madden–Julian Oscillation." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 65, no. 3 (2008): 813–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jas2314.1.

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Abstract Vertical structures of 2-day waves and the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) are projected onto vertical normal modes for a quiescent tropical troposphere. Three modes capture the gross tropospheric structure of 2-day waves, while only two modes are needed to represent most of the baroclinic structure of the MJO. Deep circulations that project onto the first baroclinic mode are associated with deep cumulonimbus and stratiform rainfall. Shallow circulations that project onto higher wavenumber modes are associated with precipitating shallow cumulus and congestus and stratiform rainfall. F

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30

Wu, Xiaoqing, and Liping Deng. "Comparison of Moist Static Energy and Budget between the GCM-Simulated Madden–Julian Oscillation and Observations over the Indian Ocean and Western Pacific." Journal of Climate 26, no. 14 (2013): 4981–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00607.1.

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Abstract The moist static energy (MSE) anomalies and MSE budget associated with the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) simulated in the Iowa State University General Circulation Model (ISUGCM) over the Indian and Pacific Oceans are compared with observations. Different phase relationships between MJO 850-hPa zonal wind, precipitation, and surface latent heat flux are simulated over the Indian Ocean and western Pacific, which are greatly influenced by the convection closure, trigger conditions, and convective momentum transport (CMT). The moist static energy builds up from the lower troposphere 15

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31

Frierson, Dargan M. W., Isaac M. Held, and Pablo Zurita-Gotor. "A Gray-Radiation Aquaplanet Moist GCM. Part I: Static Stability and Eddy Scale." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, no. 10 (2006): 2548–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3753.1.

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Abstract In this paper, a simplified moist general circulation model is developed and used to study changes in the atmospheric general circulation as the water vapor content of the atmosphere is altered. The key elements of the model physics are gray radiative transfer, in which water vapor and other constituents have no effect on radiative fluxes, a simple diffusive boundary layer with prognostic depth, and a mixed layer aquaplanet surface boundary condition. This GCM can be integrated stably without a convection parameterization, with large-scale condensation only, and this study focuses on

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32

Hu, Feng, and Tim Li. "Effect of vertical overturning circulation scale and moist static energy tendency on MJO phase speed." Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 15, no. 1 (2022): 100150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aosl.2022.100150.

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33

Cai, Qiongqiong, Guang J. Zhang, and Tianjun Zhou. "Impacts of Shallow Convection on MJO Simulation: A Moist Static Energy and Moisture Budget Analysis." Journal of Climate 26, no. 8 (2013): 2417–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00127.1.

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Abstract The role of shallow convection in Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) simulation is examined in terms of the moist static energy (MSE) and moisture budgets. Two experiments are carried out using the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model, version 3.0 (CAM3.0): a “CTL” run and an “NSC” run that is the same as the CTL except with shallow convection disabled below 700 hPa between 20°S and 20°N. Although the major features in the mean state of outgoing longwave radiation, 850-hPa winds, and vertical structure of specific humidity are reasonably reproduced in both simulations, moisture and clouds are

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34

Maloney, Eric D. "The Moist Static Energy Budget of a Composite Tropical Intraseasonal Oscillation in a Climate Model." Journal of Climate 22, no. 3 (2009): 711–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jcli2542.1.

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Abstract The intraseasonal moist static energy (MSE) budget is analyzed in a climate model that produces realistic eastward-propagating tropical intraseasonal wind and precipitation variability. Consistent with the recharge–discharge paradigm for tropical intraseasonal variability, a buildup of column-integrated MSE occurs within low-level easterly anomalies in advance of intraseasonal precipitation, and a discharge of MSE occurs during and after precipitation when westerly anomalies occur. The strongest MSE anomalies peak in the lower troposphere and are, primarily, regulated by specific humi

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35

Wang, Lu, and Tim Li. "Effect of vertical moist static energy advection on MJO eastward propagation: sensitivity to analysis domain." Climate Dynamics 54, no. 3-4 (2020): 2029–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-05101-8.

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36

Smyth, Jane E., and Yi Ming. "Characterizing Drying in the South American Monsoon Onset Season with the Moist Static Energy Budget." Journal of Climate 33, no. 22 (2020): 9735–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0217.1.

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AbstractThe tropical atmospheric circulation and attendant rainfall exhibit seasonally dependent responses to increasing temperatures. Understanding changes in the South American monsoon system is of particular interest given the sensitivity of the southern Amazon rainforest to changes in dry season length. We utilize the latest Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Atmospheric Model (GFDL AM4) to analyze the response of the South American monsoon to uniform sea surface temperature (SST) warming. SST warming is a poorly understood yet impactful component of greenhouse gas–induced climate chang

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37

Kjellsson, Joakim, Kristofer Döös, Frédéric B. Laliberté, and Jan D. Zika. "The Atmospheric General Circulation in Thermodynamical Coordinates." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 3 (2014): 916–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-13-0173.1.

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Abstract The zonal and meridional components of the atmospheric general circulation are used to define a global thermodynamic streamfunction in dry static energy versus latent heat coordinates. Diabatic motions in the tropical circulations and fluxes driven by midlatitude eddies are found to form a single, global thermodynamic cycle. Calculations based on the Interim European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) dataset indicate that the cycle has a peak transport of 428 Sv (Sv ≡ 109 kg s−1). The thermodynamic cycle encapsulates a globally interconnected

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38

Sumi, Yukari, and Hirohiko Masunaga. "A Moist Static Energy Budget Analysis of Quasi-2-Day Waves Using Satellite and Reanalysis Data." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 2 (2016): 743–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-15-0098.1.

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Abstract A moist static energy (MSE) budget analysis is applied to quasi-2-day waves to examine the effects of thermodynamic processes on the wave propagation mechanism. The 2-day waves are defined as westward inertia–gravity (WIG) modes identified with filtered geostationary infrared measurements, and the thermodynamic parameters and MSE budget variables computed from reanalysis data are composited with respect to the WIG peaks. The composite horizontal and vertical MSE structures are overall as theoretically expected from WIG wave dynamics. A prominent horizontal MSE advection is found to ex

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Hill, Spencer A., Yi Ming, Isaac M. Held, and Ming Zhao. "A Moist Static Energy Budget–Based Analysis of the Sahel Rainfall Response to Uniform Oceanic Warming." Journal of Climate 30, no. 15 (2017): 5637–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0785.1.

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Climate models generate a wide range of precipitation responses to global warming in the African Sahel, but all that use the NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory AM2.1 model as their atmospheric component dry the region sharply. This study compares the Sahel’s wet season response to uniform 2-K SST warming in AM2.1 using either its default convective parameterization, relaxed Arakawa–Schubert (RAS), or an alternate, the University of Washington (UW) parameterization, using the moist static energy (MSE) budget to diagnose the relevant mechanisms. UW generates a drier, cooler control Sahel

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Inoue, Kuniaki, and Larissa E. Back. "Gross Moist Stability Assessment during TOGA COARE: Various Interpretations of Gross Moist Stability." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 72, no. 11 (2015): 4148–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-15-0092.1.

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Abstract Daily averaged TOGA COARE data are analyzed to investigate the convective amplification/decay mechanisms. The gross moist stability (GMS), which represents moist static energy (MSE) export efficiency by large-scale circulations associated with the convection, is studied together with two quantities, called the critical GMS (a ratio of diabatic forcing to the convective intensity) and the drying efficiency [a version of the effective GMS (GMS minus critical GMS)]. The analyses reveal that convection intensifies (decays) via negative (positive) drying efficiency. The authors illustrate

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Ma, Guanguo, Zhenjiao Sun, Hui Ma, and Pengcheng Li. "Calibration of Contact Parameters for Moist Bulk of Shotcrete Based on EDEM." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (March 17, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6072303.

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To obtain the contact parameters of the moist bulk of shotcrete accurately and quickly, this study calibrated the contact parameters of the moist bulk of shotcrete by physical stacking test and simulation method. Based on the Hertz–Mindlin with JKR (Johnon–Kendall–Roberts) model, the discrete element simulation is carried out. Using P-BD to screen seven initial parameters, it is found that JKR surface energy, rolling friction coefficient between particles and restitution coefficient of particle impact have significant effects on the angle of repose of the moist bulk of shotcrete. According to

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Ren, Pengfei, Daehyun Kim, Min-Seop Ahn, Daehyun Kang, and Hong-Li Ren. "Intercomparison of MJO Column Moist Static Energy and Water Vapor Budget among Six Modern Reanalysis Products." Journal of Climate 34, no. 8 (2021): 2977–3001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0653.1.

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AbstractThis study conducts an intercomparison of the column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) and water vapor budget of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) among six modern global reanalysis products (RAs). Inter-RA differences in the mean MSE, MJO MSE anomalies, individual MSE budget terms, and their relative contributions to the propagation and maintenance of MJO MSE anomalies are examined. Also investigated is the relationship between the MJO column water vapor (CWV) budget residuals with the other CWV budget terms as well as with the two parameters that characterize cloud–radiation fee

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Wang, Zeyi, Xiaolong Chen, and Tianjun Zhou. "The onset and seasonal march of East Asian summer monsoon from perspective of moist static energy." Chinese Science Bulletin 66, no. 28-29 (2021): 3744–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/tb-2020-1236.

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Andersen, Joseph Allan, and Zhiming Kuang. "Moist Static Energy Budget of MJO-like Disturbances in the Atmosphere of a Zonally Symmetric Aquaplanet." Journal of Climate 25, no. 8 (2012): 2782–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00168.1.

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Abstract A Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO)-like spectral feature is observed in the time–space spectra of precipitation and column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) for a zonally symmetric aquaplanet simulated with Superparameterized Community Atmospheric Model (SPCAM). This disturbance possesses the basic structural and propagation features of the observed MJO. To explore the processes involved in propagation and maintenance of this disturbance, this study analyzes the MSE budget of the disturbance. The authors observe that the disturbances propagate both eastward and poleward. The column-

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Bui, Hien Xuan, Jia-Yuh Yu, and Chia Chou. "Impacts of Vertical Structure of Large-Scale Vertical Motion in Tropical Climate: Moist Static Energy Framework." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 11 (2016): 4427–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0031.1.

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Abstract Interactions between cumulus convection and its large-scale environment have been recognized as crucial to the understanding of tropical climate and its variability. In this study, the moist static energy (MSE) budget is employed to investigate the potential impact of the vertical structure of large-scale vertical motion in tropical climate based on results from both reanalysis data and model simulation. Two domains are selected over the western and eastern Pacific with vertical motion profiles that are dominated by top-heavy and bottom-heavy structures, respectively. The bottom-heavy

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Beucler, Tom, Tristan H. Abbott, Timothy W. Cronin, and Michael S. Pritchard. "Comparing Convective Self‐Aggregation in Idealized Models to Observed Moist Static Energy Variability Near the Equator." Geophysical Research Letters 46, no. 17-18 (2019): 10589–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019gl084130.

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DeMott, Charlotte A., James J. Benedict, Nicholas P. Klingaman, Steven J. Woolnough, and David A. Randall. "Diagnosing ocean feedbacks to the MJO: SST-modulated surface fluxes and the moist static energy budget." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 121, no. 14 (2016): 8350–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016jd025098.

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Bretherton, Christopher S., Peter N. Blossey, and Marat Khairoutdinov. "An Energy-Balance Analysis of Deep Convective Self-Aggregation above Uniform SST." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 62, no. 12 (2005): 4273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3614.1.

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Abstract The spatial organization of deep moist convection in radiative–convective equilibrium over a constant sea surface temperature is studied. A 100-day simulation is performed with a three-dimensional cloud-resolving model over a (576 km)2 domain with no ambient rotation and no mean wind. The convection self-aggregates within 10 days into quasi-stationary mesoscale patches of dry, subsiding and moist, rainy air columns. The patches ultimately merge into a single intensely convecting moist patch surrounded by a broad region of very dry subsiding air. The self-aggregation is analyzed as an

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ALAM, M. D. MAHBUB, and SULTANA SHAFEE. "Analysis of different tropospheric energies in the surroundings of the Bay of Bengal during different cyclonic periods." MAUSAM 48, no. 3 (2021): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v48i3.4263.

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 ABSTRACT. Upper-air data of 0000 UTC for standard isobaric surfaces at surface, 850, 700, 500, 400, 300, 200, 150 and 100 hPa levels for the different cyclonic periods in the last decade were considered for study. The dry static energy, the latent heat energy, the moist static energy and the total energy and their vertical distribution were studied in the surroundings of the Bay of Bengal in relation to the movement of the cyclone and their ultimate landfall. The effects of different tropospheric energies considering the pressure as a vertical coordinate are discussed with the help of g

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Barpanda, Pragallva, and Tiffany Shaw. "Using the Moist Static Energy Budget to Understand Storm-Track Shifts across a Range of Time Scales." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 8 (2017): 2427–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-17-0022.1.

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Abstract Storm tracks shift meridionally in response to forcing across a range of time scales. Here the authors formulate a moist static energy (MSE) framework for storm-track position and use it to understand storm-track shifts in response to seasonal insolation, El Niño minus La Niña conditions, and direct (increased CO2 over land) and indirect (increased sea surface temperature) effects of increased CO2. Two methods (linearized Taylor series and imposed MSE flux divergence) are developed to quantify storm-track shifts and decompose them into contributions from net energy (MSE input to the a

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