Relevant bibliographies by topics / Molars Anatomy

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Molars Anatomy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Molars Anatomy"

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Nepal, Manisha, Vanita Gautam, Snigdha Shubham, Rupam Tripathi, and Rinku Sah. "An Insight into Anatomical Variations in Maxillary Molars: A Case Series." Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences 6, no. 2 (December 3, 2018): 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v6i2.22502.

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The aim of this article is to show different anatomic complexities of the root canal system related to maxillary molars. Maxillary molars are presumed to have only three roots with three canals but this is not always the case, it might present with different variations. Some of the anatomical variations such as, mesiobuccal2 (MB2) canals in maxillary 1st and 2nd molars, two rooted maxillary 1st and 2nd molar, one rooted maxillary 2nd molar, C-shaped upper 2nd molar and maxillary 2nd molar with extra palatal root are reported in this case series. Hence, in treating each tooth every dentist must
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Singh, Shishir, and Mansing Pawar. "Root canal morphology of South Asian Indian maxillary molar teeth." European Journal of Dentistry 09, no. 01 (January 2015): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.149662.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The objective was to study the root canal morphology of South Asian Indian Maxillary molars using a tooth clearing technique. Materials and Methods: Hundred teeth each comprising of first, second, and third molars collected from different dental schools and clinics in India were subjected to standard dye penetration, decalcification and clearing procedure before being studied. Results: The first molar mesiobuccal roots exhibited 69% Type I, 24% Type II, 4% Type IV, 2% Type V, and 1% exhibited a Vertuccis Type VIII canal anatomy. In the group with three separate roots the se
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Jafarzadeh, Hamid, Zahed Mohammadi, Sousan Shalavi, and Shilpa Bandi. "Root and Root Canal Morphology of Human Third Molar Teeth." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 4 (2015): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1681.

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ABSTRACT Successful root canal treatment depends on having comprehensive information regarding the root(s)/canal(s) anatomy. Dentists may have some complication in treatment of third molars because the difficulty in their access, their aberrant occlusal anatomy and different patterns of eruption. The aim of this review was to review and address the number of roots and root canals in third molars, prevalence of confluent canals in third molars, C-shaped canals, dilaceration and fusion in third molars, autotransplantation of third molars and endodontic treatment strategies for third molars. How
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Gupta, Ashu, Saroj Thakur, Vishal Sharma, Anshu Minocha, Bhanu Singh, and Rambhika Thakur. "Radix Entomolaris: An Endodontic Challenge." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 01, no. 01 (April 2013): 058–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1670598.

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AbstractVariation of root canal anatomy is always a challenge for accurate diagnosis and successful endodontic therapy. A thorough knowledge of most common anatomic characteristics and their possible variations is essential for the clinician. The hard tissue repository of the human dental pulp takes on numerous configurations and shapes. These aberrations occur so often that they can be considered as normal anatomy. Radix Entomolaris (RE) is one such aberration where an extra root is present on the distolingual aspect of mandibular first molar (molar with 3 roots). This article presents two ca
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Genaro, Luis Eduardo, Gabriely Ferreira, Marcelo Brito Conte, Marcela de Almeida Gonçalves, and Ticiana Sidorenko Oliveira Capote. "Morphological Differences between the First and Second Permanent Upper Molars." Journal of Morphological Sciences 36, no. 04 (September 19, 2019): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1695756.

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AbstractThe dental elements present similar and specific anatomical features, depending on the functions they have in the oral cavity. The permanent molars are the most complex structures, mainly the occlusal face, due to their function of food grinding. The aim of the present article is to present the upper first and second molars morphology, emphasizing the similarities and differences between them. Besides, the upper first and second molars of the collection of the Department of Morphology of Universidade Estadual de Paulista (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, were evaluated regardin
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Kumar, Rahul, Nishant Gandhi, Roshan Shetty, and Anuradha Patil. "Radix Entomolaris." Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 2, no. 1 (2012): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcd-2-1-33.

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Abstract Variation of root canal anatomy is always a challenge for accurate diagnosis and successful endodontic therapy. A thorough knowledge of most common anatomic characteristics and their possible variations is essential for the clinician. The hard tissue repository of the human dental pulp takes on numerous confi gurations and shapes. These aberrations occur so often that they can be considered as normal anatomy. Radix entomolaris (RE) is one such aberration where an extra root is present on the distolingual aspect of mandibular first molar (molar with 3 roots). This article presents one
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Froehlich, David J., and Jon E. Kalb. "Internal reconstruction of elephantid molars: applications for functional anatomy and systematics." Paleobiology 21, no. 3 (1995): 379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300013361.

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The unique manner in which molars from members of the family Elephantidae erupt in the jaw and wear obliquely and sequentially has profound effects upon dental function and phylogenetic change within the group. Three-dimensional modeling using a “molar matrix” of elephantid dentition, and application of such models to systematic and functional studies, allows a more refined description of dental morphology. A method of examining variation within elephantid teeth is presented based on successive staging of worn molars. Results indicate that individual plates exhibit increasingly derived feature
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Felsypremila, Gnanasekaran, Thilla Sekar Vinothkumar, and Deivanayagam Kandaswamy. "Anatomic symmetry of root and root canal morphology of posterior teeth in Indian subpopulation using cone beam computed tomography: A retrospective study." European Journal of Dentistry 09, no. 04 (October 2015): 500–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.172623.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the anatomic symmetry of maxillary and mandibular posteriors in Indian subpopulation using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 246 patients that had at least one noncarious, posterior tooth free of restorations in each quadrant were enrolled for retrospective analysis. A total of 3015 teeth (811 maxillary premolars, 845 mandibular premolars, 738 maxillary molars, and 621 mandibular molars) were analyzed for number of roots and root canals, canal morphology and anatomic symmetry, and concurrent types between the maxilla
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BARBIZAM, J., R. RIBEIRO, and M. FILHO. "Unusual Anatomy of Permanent Maxillary Molars." Journal of Endodontics 30, no. 9 (September 2004): 668–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.don.0000121618.45515.5a.

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Acharya, N., A. Singh, PS Samant, and V. Gautam. "Endodontic Management of Radix Paramolaris with Six Canals: A Clinical Case Report." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 11, no. 4 (September 23, 2015): 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v11i4.13480.

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Endodontic therapy of mandibular molars is a challenging task due to its varied root canal morphology. A mandibular first molar with additional buccal root (Radix paramolaris) and additional distolingual root (Radix Entomolaris) is an example of its varied anatomy. A successful management of atypical root canal configurations is an important aspect in determining the success rate of root canal therapy. The detail knowledge of the root morphology and canal anatomy allows the clinician for accurate location of the extra roots and canals and accordingly the refinement of the access cavity for the
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Molars Anatomy"

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Spears, Iain. "Functional adaptations of hominoid molars : an engineering approach." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241490.

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Fumes, Ana Caroline. "Avaliação da anatomia de molares decíduos por meio de microtomografia computadorizada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58135/tde-22072013-100259/.

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O conhecimento prévio da anatomia interna e externa dos dentes decíduos é de fundamental importância para o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a morfologia das raízes e dos canais radiculares de molares decíduos superiores e inferiores, por meio de microtomografia computadorizada (micro-CT). Foram usados 40 molares decíduos, divididos em quatro grupos, sendo 10 primeiros molares inferiores, 10 segundos molares inferiores, 10 primeiros molares superiores e 10 segundos molares superiores. Os dentes foram escaneados e avaliados quantitativamente por meio
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Perez, Carolina Altagracia Filpo. "Análise quantitativa da anatomia dos canais radiculares distais dos molares inferiores mediante a microtomografia computadorizada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25147/tde-08112013-110759/.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, por meio de imagens obtidas a partir da microtomografia computadorizada (micro-ct), a morfologia interna de canais radiculares distais de molares inferiores. Cem imagens de raízes distais de primeiros e segundos molares inferiores foram obtidas com os microtomógrafos (Skyscan 1176 e 1174, Bélgica) utilizando uma resolução de 18.1μm. Após, a reconstrução das imagens foram feitos os modelos 3D com ajuda da ferramenta CTan e CTvol para a visualização e padronização segundo a classificação de Vertucci. Os seguintes parâmetros foram estudados: classi
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Harb, Leandro José Corrêa. "AVALIAÇÃO IN VITRO DO CANAL CAVO-INTERRADICULAR EM MOLARES INFERIOR." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2009. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6054.

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Every endodontic treatment may lead to failures due to internal anatomical changes. Among these faults is the which links pulp chamber floor with the periodontium in the furcation area. So the purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of this canal in 360 human permanent mandibular molars which were kept dehydrated, using four evaluation methods: radiography, naked eye (NE), dental microscope (DM) and clearing technique. The used methods (radiography and clearing) were compared to verify the presence of the furcation canal, and observed the presence of foramina through the methods (NE
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Lima, Fernando Jose Camello de. "Estudo in vitro da anatomia dos canais radiculares de molares permanentes de humanos." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289994.

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Orientador: Brenda P. F. A. Gomes<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T21:56:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima_FernandoJoseCamellode_M.pdf: 4661786 bytes, checksum: 585044641889708ea8ca89cc73fd7064 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005<br>Resumo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a moriologia dos canais radiculares dos molares permanentes de humanos, identificando a configuração dos canais radiculares (classificação de WEINE modificada), os istmos, canais em C, e a correlação
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Ribeiro, Rafael Rezende. "Avaliação das alterações morfológicas em canais radiculares curvos, promovidas pela instrumentação reciprocante, associada à instrumentação rotatória. Análise por microtomografia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58133/tde-20032014-110028/.

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O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as alterações morfológicas bi, tridimensionais, e o transporte em canais mesiais de molares inferiores com curvatura acentuada. Selecionou-se molares inferiores com dois canais e forames independentes, livres de nódulos pulpares, reabsorção interna, tratamento endodôntico prévio, fratura radicular e dentro do padrão de raio e ângulo de curvatura, avaliados pelos exames radiográficos, tomográficos cone bean e microtomográficos. Partiu-se de 393 dentes para selecionar 15 dentro deste padrão morfológico. Esses dentes foram submetidos à microtomografia antes da i
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Almeida, Marcela Milanezi de. "Estudo da anatomia radicular de segundos molares superiores por meio da Microtomografia Computadorizada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25147/tde-14102013-163556/.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar qualitativa e quantitativamente a anatomia do sistema de canais radiculares de segundos molares superiores por meio de microtomografia computadorizada. Cem dentes foram escaneados no micrótomografo (SkyScan 1174) utilizando uma resolução de 19,7 &#x3BC;m e reconstruídos para análises bidimensionais dos número de canais principais e ramificações, diâmetro maior (V-P) e menor (M-D) a 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5mm do forame apical e área (mm2) das raízes mésio-vestibular, disto-vestibular e palatina. Após a reconstrução tridimensional das amostras escaneadas a classificação
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Beleza, Anabela de Jesus Borges. "Anatomia interna dos canais radiculares dos pré-molares inferiores." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4587.

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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina Dentária<br>O tratamento endodôntico tem como objectivo restaurar a função e a forma próprias de um dente, mantendo uma condição perirradicular saudável. O objectivo deste trabalho baseia-se numa breve revisão da literatura com a intenção de reforçar a estreita relação entre o conhecimento da anatomia interna do sistema de canais radiculares e o sucesso no tratamento endodôntico. São relatadas nesta monografia as características da anatomia
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Rosalem, Cíntia Gonçalves Carvalho. "Influência do tratamento endodôntico sobre a espessura dentinária na região da concavidade mesial do 1o . pré-molar superior." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2015. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1370.

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Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-05-10T20:30:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CintiaRosalem.pdf: 518745 bytes, checksum: cb4beeb211cf4111067812984624770a (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-10T20:30:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CintiaRosalem.pdf: 518745 bytes, checksum: cb4beeb211cf4111067812984624770a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27<br>Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA)<br>Introduction: The root concavities may influence the dental treatment. Variations in root morphology are suggested as
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Dantas, Jacqueline Garcia Fernandes. "Comprova??o da real comunica??o entre o endodonto e o periodonto atrav?s do canal cavo inter-radicular e sua preval?ncia em molares inferiores humanos." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17081.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:30:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JaquelineGFD.pdf: 331693 bytes, checksum: f314478d15317d8b20c641a1c60f5ff6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-14<br>The neurovascular system of the pulp and of the periodontium is interconnected and among the possible intercommunications between these two tissues, there is the cavo inter-radicular canal. It is a small canal that goes through any inter-radicular dentine and arises in the furca region of the multi-radicular teeth. Its predominance has been studied in the literature, by several methodologies, with dive
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Books on the topic "Molars Anatomy"

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Cooper-Palomar, Judith Louise. Studies of development in the water mold Achlya ambisexualis Raper. 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Molars Anatomy"

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Paqué, Frank. "Molar Root Canal Anatomy." In The Guidebook to Molar Endodontics, 1–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52901-0_1.

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Kumaraswamy, Jayalakshmi. "The Permanent Molars." In Textbook of Dental Anatomy: A Practical Approach, 94. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12354_6.

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(Phulari), Rashmi. "The Permanent Maxillary Molars." In Textbook of Dental Anatomy, Physiology and Occlusion, 188. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11986_12.

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(Phulari), Rashmi. "The Permanent Mandibular Molars." In Textbook of Dental Anatomy, Physiology and Occlusion, 211. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11986_13.

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BS, Manjunatha. "Chapter-08 Permanent Molars." In Textbook of Dental Anatomy and Oral Physiology, 103–27. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/11841_8.

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Atkinson, Martin E. "The oral cavity and related structures." In Anatomy for Dental Students. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199234462.003.0034.

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Technically, the oral cavity consists of the vestibule between the lips and cheeks externally and the teeth and alveolar processes internally and the larger oral cavity proper located internal to the dental arches. In clinical practice, the whole mouth is simply referred to as the oral cavity, but ‘vestibule’ is used for the specific area defined above. For charting of teeth and similar dental procedures, the mouth is divided into quadrants—upper right and left and lower right and left with the midline and occlusal surfaces of the teeth forming the dividing lines. It is a crucial skill for dental students and practitioners to recognize the naked eye appearance of the structures in a normal healthy mouth and variations that occur; abnormal appearances can then be recognized, diagnosed, and treated successfully. Much of the macroscopical appearance is determined by the underlying gross anatomy so this must be understood too. The best way to examine the interior of the mouth is on a subject seated in a dental chair with clinical lighting and the use of a tongue spatula and a dental mirror where necessary. However, you will be able to see most of the important features by examining the inside of your own mouth in a well-lit household mirror. The following description and illustrations apply to an adult mouth with a full secondary (permanent) dentition of two incisors, one canine, two premolars, and three molars in each quadrant, making 32 teeth in total. Apart from size, the major differences in childrens’ mouths are in the dentition. The primary (deciduous) dentition erupts into the oral cavity between the age of 6 months and 2 years. It comprises two incisors, one canine, and two molars in each quadrant, giving a total of 20 teeth. Most of the teeth of the secondary dentition erupt between the ages of 6 to 12, replacing the primary teeth; a combination of primary and secondary teeth, a mixed dentition, is found between these ages. Primary incisors and canines are replaced by their permanent successors, but the deciduous molars are succeeded by the permanent premolars; the three permanent molars in each quadrant are additional teeth.
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Atkinson, Martin E. "Mastication." In Anatomy for Dental Students. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199234462.003.0035.

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Now you have an understanding of the anatomy of the maxilla and mandible, the TMJs, and jaw musculature, we can examine how these structures work together to produce the complex actions involved in the biting and chewing of food. Technically, incision is biting a piece from a larger chunk of food and mastication is the grinding down of that piece into smaller components and mixing them with saliva. Mastication is often used to cover both actions. Box 26.1 briefly compares the anatomy of the human dentition to that of other mammals. As well as knowledge of the TMJ, muscles of mastication, and other muscles used in jaw movements, it is necessary to appreciate some aspects of the static and dynamic relationships of the teeth to understand chewing movements. The first thing to notice is the bigger width of the upper dental arch compared to the lower arch, a condition known as anisognathy. In Figure 26.1A , you can see that the maxillary molars overhang the mandibular teeth by half a cusp width so the buccal cusps of the lower molars and premolars occlude between the buccal and palatal cusps of the maxillary teeth. Observe also that the long axis of the maxillary molars and premolars incline buccally while the corresponding axis of the mandibular teeth incline lingually; the occlusal plane of the posterior teeth is thus curved transversely as illustrated in Figure 26.1A . It would be possible to chew food simply by moving the teeth up and down without any side-to-side movement, but this would be inefficient and not make full use of the cusps on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth. However, we can only chew on one side at a time because of the anisognathy of the upper and lower teeth. Due to anisognathic jaw positions, the maxillary anterior teeth are also going to protrude in front of the mandibular anterior teeth. Figure 26.1B illustrates the normal relationships of the anterior teeth. The maxillary incisors overhang the mandibular incisors by about 2–3 mm in the horizontal plane; this is called the overjet. The upper incisors usually have a vertical overhang, the overbite, of about the same amount. As mentioned in Chapter 24 , the mouth at rest is closed by tonic contraction of the muscles of mastication and facial expression.
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A. Mufadhal, Abdulbaset, Mohammed A. Aldawla, and Ahmed A. Madfa. "External and Internal Anatomy of Maxillary Permanent First Molars." In Human Teeth - Key Skills and Clinical Illustrations. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84518.

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Mitchell, David A., Laura Mitchell, and Lorna McCaul. "Paediatric dentistry." In Oxford Handbook of Clinical Dentistry, 55–118. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199679850.003.0003.

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Contents. Principal sources and further reading. The child patient. Treatment planning for children. The anxious child. The child with toothache. Abnormalities of tooth eruption and exfoliation. Abnormalities of tooth number. Abnormalities of tooth structure. Abnormalities of tooth form. Abnormalities of tooth colour. Anatomy of primary teeth (&amp; relevance to cavity design). Extraction versus restoration of primary teeth. Local analgesia for children. Restoration of carious primary teeth. Plastic restoration in primary molars. Stainless steel crowns. Class III, IV, and V in primary teeth. Severe early childhood caries. Primary molar pulp therapy. Pulp therapy techniques. Dental trauma. Safeguarding children. Injuries to primary teeth. Injuries to permanent teeth—crown fractures. Root fractures. Luxation, subluxation, intrusion, and extrusion. Splinting. Management of the avulsed tooth. Pulpal sequelae following trauma. Management of missing incisors. Common childhood ailments affecting the mouth. Sugar-free medications.
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Goldfinger, Eliot. "Four-Legged Animals Skeleton & Superficial Muscles (Side View)." In Animal Anatomy for Artists. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195142143.003.0012.

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Domestic cat characteristics: Rounded skull, short snout. Long whiskers. Large canines, small incisors. Cheek teeth with sharp edges for shearing. Large temporalis and masseter muscles of skull. Eyes shifted slightly forward for binocular vision. Large eyes in domestic cats. Constricted pupil in domestic cats is vertical; round in large cats. Top edge of scapula usually higher than tips of thoracic vertebrae. Small rib cage. Five digits on front limb (thumb reduced); four digits on hind limb—may have very reduced first metatarsal or reduced first digit with claw (dewclaw). Walks on toes. Sharp, curved, retractile claws (which keeps them sharp—they don’t walk on them). Forearm rotates (pronates/supinates). Hairy tail. Very flexible body. Spine (back) straight or arched. Can walk in crouched position, as when stalking prey. Bear characteristics: Large, powerful body; powerful limbs appear relatively short. Rear feet wide. Walks on sole and heel of rear foot and usually on digits of front foot. Five digits per limb with long, curved, nonretractile claws. Front claws longer than rear claws. Large head, small eyes. Small, round, erect, furry ears. Large canines; flat, grinding molars. Short tail. Arched back, high shoulder. Grizzly has most prominent shoulder hump and dished, slightly concave face (in profile). Can have very thick layer of fur. Grizzly and brown bear belong to the same species, but differ in geographical range and size. The giant panda is now considered to be a member of the bear family, not the raccoon family.
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Conference papers on the topic "Molars Anatomy"

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Mendes, Wallace, Yasmin Galani Gasparino, Fernanda Felipe de Andrade, Nathieli Thalita Peres do Nascimento, Lais Regina de Andrade Silva, Ana Claudia Rossi, Juliana Haddad, ALEXANDRE RODRIGUES FREIRE, and Felippe Bevilacqua Prado. "DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MODELOS VIRTUAIS E DE MACROMODELOS DE DENTES PRÉ-MOLARES SUPERIORES PARA ENSINO EM ANATOMIA DENTAL." In XXV Congresso de Iniciação Cientifica da Unicamp. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoa, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.19146/pibic-2017-78006.

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Ramos Gonzalez, Maria, Brendan O’Toole, and Zhiyong Wang. "Experimental Study of Bio-Polymer Knee Implant." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88479.

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This study tests a custom-designed knee implant made of an FDA approved biomaterial, Chronoflex AR. The implant is designed to cushion the damaged cartilage at the distal end of the femur to reduce knee pain without the removal of cartilage and bone. A patient’s MRI scan was used to render a 3D computer graphic design of the knee. The manufacturing of the implant is conducted by 3D printing the shape of the distal end of the femur and coating it with the biomaterial. This is a preliminary fabrication method. Ultimately, the implant material will be 3D printed or cast in 3D printed molds. A suc
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