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Journal articles on the topic 'Moldova, social conditions'
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1
Tugui, Eduard. "Work in the time of Covid-19 pandemic: challenges for didactic activity in the Republic of Moldova." Economica, no. 3(117) (October 2021): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/econ.2021.117.037.
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The study represents an analysis of the pandemic impact on working conditions of teachers employed in general primary and secondary education institutions in the Republic of Moldova. The analysis is based on an opinion poll carried out among the didactic staff and relates the working conditions during the pandemic to the provisions stipulated in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as those in the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova. The poll results denote the fact that the working conditions of the didactic staff have changed for the worse during the pandemic, having aggravated some chronic problems of Moldovan education, whereas exercising labour rights in conformity with international and constitutional engagements implies rationalization of work and providing necessary remuneration for a decent life.
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Tugui, Eduard. "Work in the time of Covid-19 pandemic: challenges for didactic activity in the Republic of Moldova." Economica, no. 3(117) (October 2021): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/econ.2021.117.037.
Full textAbstract:
The study represents an analysis of the pandemic impact on working conditions of teachers employed in general primary and secondary education institutions in the Republic of Moldova. The analysis is based on an opinion poll carried out among the didactic staff and relates the working conditions during the pandemic to the provisions stipulated in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as those in the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova. The poll results denote the fact that the working conditions of the didactic staff have changed for the worse during the pandemic, having aggravated some chronic problems of Moldovan education, whereas exercising labour rights in conformity with international and constitutional engagements implies rationalization of work and providing necessary remuneration for a decent life.
3
Etco, Constantin, and Andrei Mecineanu. "Medical malpractice system in the Republic of Moldova." Public Health, Economy and Management in Medicine, no. 3(90) (August 2021): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.52556/2587-3873.2021.3(90).17.
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In this paper is discussed medical malpractice management system from the Republic of Moldova. In the Republic of Moldova is adopted the “fault system” which represents a tort litigation system. The Moldovan medical malpractice management system is analyzed from legal and normative framework, institutional framework, administrative issues, deterrence, fi nancing, compensation, costs occur to parties involved in malpractice cases, error reporting, etc. The Moldovan tort liability system is a “social insurance of a market society” where patients are compensated when the negligence of the healthcare providers is proved to be the cause of the injury. The results of the medical malpractice management system assessment demonstrated deficiencies in system organization and functioning, namely: lack of specifi c legislation to defi ne and regulate medical malpractice and medical civil liability, the concept of medical malpractice does not meet the requirements and standards of international doctrine, the approach of medical civil liability is incoherent from theoretical point of view and in consequence from the practical one, compulsoriness to follow the judicial track in order to establish medical malpractice and obtain compensation, existence of enormous fi nancial risks for the health care providers in the conditions of absence of medical malpractice insurance, lack of monitoring and evaluation system of medical errors.
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Grecu, Mihai, Igor Cojocaru, and Ion Coşuleanu. "On e-Governance development opportunities in the Republic of Moldova." Central and Eastern European eDem and eGov Days 331 (July 12, 2018): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/ocg.v331.27.
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The process of e-Governance building in the Republic of Moldova, amplified with the adoption of the e-Transformation governmental program, highlighted the issues that require a proper approach to local conditions and specificities.
A specific feature of Moldovan society is that the country's population is mostly rural. In rural areas, the sensitivity to new services and the affordability of ICT tools are lower. Another feature is that the administrative structure at the local level is very fragmented; the administrations manage small budgets that cannot cover the needs of implementing e-Governance solutions.
In general, the capacity to finance ICT projects in the public sector is below the need. At the same time, some trends and indicators regarding the level of e-Governance development in the Republic of Moldova: literacy level, ICT skills, access to the Internet, use of mobile telephony, use of electronic services, etc. shows that there is significant potential to explore new opportunities, in particular, based on innovation and involvement of different social partners to support efforts to build e-Governance.
The article addresses the issue of identifying new opportunities for e-Governance solutions in the context of economic and social disparities present in the Republic of Moldova. The opportunities are based on more active involvement of social stakeholders, the use of more affordable new technologies, and the adoption of policies aimed at optimizing the use of available resources.
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Bizgu, Tatiana. "Art of Clothing on the Territory of Historical Moldova during the Time of Alexander cel Bun." Intertext, no. 1(59) (July 2022): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54481/intertext.2022.1.14.
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Period of the reign of Alexander the Good - the most interesting era of Romanian feudal civilization and art. During this peaceful time, conditions were created for the development of crafts. Intense political and social transformations took place. The economic and cultural relations of the Romanian countries with Europe and the Middle East played an important role in the evolution of the art of clothing. The trade routes were exploited with great benefit for the country. As a result of the research of this period we can see how there have been changes in the clothing of the various social strata of the population of Moldova, the fate of everyday and holiday wear. Shapes, cut, color, length, accessories, complete with furs, combining pieces of high class clothing were analyzed. The paper also briefly reflects the precious sources used for research in the field of clothing, including descriptions of chronicles and stories of foreign travelers. The terminology specific to the studied period, the assortment and artistic value of local and imported fabrics, women's jewelry and the component parts of the royal and boyar ceremonial costumes evocative of the court life of Moldova were briefly reflected, was attracted attention to clothing of the Moldovan soldiers.
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Gylka, K. "The Labor Market Through the Prism of Marketing." Scientific Research and Development. Economics of the Firm 11, no. 3 (October 14, 2022): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2306-627x-2022-11-3-71-76.
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Currently, human resource marketing plays a special role in the labor market. Employment is the main task of economic policy that ensures social and political stability. Over the past few years, employment, especially of youth, remains one of the main problems that Moldova has faced in market conditions. This article analyzes the professional indicators of the labor market in the Republic of Moldova. The role of human resource marketing is defined, which represents a perspective for economic agents in attracting the best talents.
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Russu, Roman. "Threats and Challenges for young European Countries in New International Conditions, Using Ukraine and Moldova as a Case Study." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 37-38 (December 12, 2018): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2018.37-38.56-61.
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Several mounts ago, during emergency meeting of UN Security Council, General Secretary Antonio Guterres, made a very trebling statement, that Cold war is back and it is even more dangerous than in the 60’s.
This is not news for majority of scientific community. New international conflict started in 2014 when Russia annexed Crimean peninsula. New international conflict will definitely change the balance in international relations.
The most vulnerable in these new conditions are the young democracies and countries that formed several decades ago due collapse of USSR and the whole communist bloc, Ukraine, Moldova, south Caucasian and Baltic states.
Imperial past left a lasting mark on economical, social and political life of newly form states. Soviet social experiments led to good number of problems for the former republics, ranging from political to territorial.
Russian Federation uses these problems for her advantage. Surviving in this harsh conditions and reforming their society is the main challenge of young European countries.
Key words: Ukraine, Moldova, Russia, Putin, hybrid war, post-soviet space, international security
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Avornic, Gheorghe, and Serghei Chucha. "Digital technologies: the state and prospects of legal regulation in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Moldova (International round table overview)." Supremacy of Law, no. 1 (September 2021): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.52388/2345-1971.2021.1.17.
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The overview contains the theses of the presentations of the participants of the international round table „Digital Technologies: the state and prospects of legal regulation in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Moldova”, held on April 12, 2021 by parners from the Republic of Moldova as the International Union of Lawyers, University of European Political and Economic studies „Constantin Stere”, the Union of Lawyers of the Republic of Moldova and the Interdisciplinary Center for Legal Research in the field of Labor Law and Social Security Law of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The discussion was attended by employees of the interdisciplinary Center, representatives of different areas of science in Russia and Moldova (lawyers, sociologists, historians, philosophers, psychologists) and different branches of law such as theory and history of state and law, philosophy of law, constitutional law, labor law and social security law, civil law and civil procedure, family law, etc. The participants of the round table focused on the conditions, prerequisites and prospects for the legal regulation of digital technologies in the context of changing the economic model of society. The problems discussed are usually at the intersection of different branches of law, economics, psychology and sociology, and are intersectoral and interdisciplinary in nature. Only an integraled approach to their solution allows us to achieve real practical results in optimizing the regulation of the respective relations.
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Negură, Petru. "Homelessness in a Post-Soviet City: Weak Social Support and Institutional Alienation." British Journal of Social Work 50, no. 4 (August 5, 2019): 1031–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcz091.
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Abstract Research has shown that most homeless people suffer from weak support from family, relatives and friends. Based on a descriptive statistical analysis with biographical records of 810 subjects, and a thematic analysis of interviews with homeless people (N = 65), people at risk of homelessness (N = 5) and professionals (N = 20), the article explores the social support system of homeless people from Chisinau (Moldova). Only 18.6 per cent of all users of the Shelter for homeless in Chisinau were in a couple relationship (and only 5.6 per cent registered officially). For former detainees (23 per cent of the Shelter users) and care leavers (11 per cent), it is even more difficult to create a couple and to strengthen their social support network, as the institutions they come from did not foster their social support. As homelessness becomes chronic, people build social support networks with other homeless people. This social support helps homeless people to cope with stressful living conditions. The article suggests, in the case of Moldova, that social support relations with family, friends, acquaintances and other homeless people are affected negatively in the absence of policies and institutional measures targeted to encourage and strengthen such relationships.
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Balan, Aliona. "Income Inequality in the Republic of Moldova: Trends and Ways of Reducing it." Economica, no. 4(118) (January 2022): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/econ.2021.118.032.
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Population inequality in terms of well-being is an integral part of any society. Under market conditions, the problem of inequality in income distribution is particularly acute, as income and wealth inequality are closely linked to people’s quality of life and stability in society. As a result, it is necessary to promote active economic and social policies aimed at reducing disparities, inequality in the distribution of wealth and income. The paper analyzes some aspects of income inequality in the Republic of Moldova, the trends that have manifested themselves over the last decade, as well as the factors that have influenced these trends. Based on the identified problems, some ways of reducing this phenomenon in the Republic of Moldova were formulate
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Grecu, Mihai, Ilie Costaş, and Artus Reaboi. "E-Government services in Moldova: Value and opportunities." Central and Eastern European eDem and eGov Days 325 (February 14, 2018): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/ocg.v325.29.
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Technological progress in ICT has created conditions for a new government paradigm - from a government that leads to a government providing services to society. Technology changes the nature of the connection between government and citizens: governance becomes more participatory and citizens' interests prevail.
The impact of e-Government solutions is complex, on multiple levels, depending on the maturity of the models applied and the capacity of citizens and business to assimilate e-Government services. In a short time, electronic government services in Moldova have evolved from simple information services to integrated transactional services.
On the one hand, this is due to high performance telecommunications infrastructure (broadband, 2G, 3G and 4G technology) and, on the other hand, to citizens' expectations that boosted recently and determined the government to accelerate the implementation of new e-services, increasingly complex and a better quality.
The paper addresses the issue of e-Government services in terms of the value that it gives to the government and to citizens' lives and analyzes opportunities to develop e-Government services in the new technological and social realities.
12
Stratan, Alexandru, and Mihai Costica. "THE IMPORTANCE OF INNOVATION FOR SMES AS A PREREQUISITE FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MOLDOVAN ECONOMY." Journal of Business Economics 23, no. 1 (2018): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35760/eb.2018.v23i1.1810.
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Following its independence, the Republic of Moldova faced a range of political, economic and social issues and had to overcome them relying mainly on its own resource potential. The economy reformed in the context of an acute social and economic crisis and radical transformation of the economic system. The lack of experience in countering external shocks, and economic and social crises, in conducting systemic reforms, coupled with the instability in domestic politics and the territorial disintegration of the country. The transition from a centralized and planned economy to the market economy focused on the main directions: the price liberalization, development of the domestic market, privatization, and introduction of the national currency were dynamic. A new banking system was created; the conditions and rules of economic activities were changed. However, the measures were taken and reform methods were not always corrected in a timely manner, the reforms were often hampered, and Governments were often changed for unjustified reasons. The paper emphasizes the importance of the SMEs sector for the national economy and the role of innovation in SMEs development, the role of innovation incubators and scientific-technological parks as an important part in the implementation of innovations as a prerequisite for the sustainable development of the Moldovan economy. Keyword: centralized, planned economy, liberalization, SMEs
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Cosumov, Marina. "Extracurricular Education And Education In The Republic Of Moldova. Context: Social, Political, Economic, Educational." Review of Artistic Education 22, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rae-2021-0037.
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Abstract Education in contemporary society is a strategic resource for sustainable human development, in a space and time determined from a historical, political, cultural, socioeconomic point of view, etc. Lifelong learning has become a fundamental requirement of society under these conditions. Learning to learn and wanting to continually improve are requirements of lifelong learning; responding to them, man learns to be receptive to change, able to anticipate and adapt to them, offering himself as a participant in the process of social evolution due to his intellectual and moral autonomy. The design, organization, functioning and development of the education system in the Republic of Moldova aims at the complementary quality of extracurricular education that takes place in educational institutions and aims to develop the cognitive, affective and action potential of children and young people, to respond to their interests and options for free and its ability to provide additional opportunities for information, documentation, communication, development, social inclusion and self-realization.
14
Voevoda, E. V. "Digital didactics: technologies & practices." Professional Discourse & Communication 2, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2687-0126-2020-2-2-89-94.
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On April 25, 2020, MGIMO University held the inter-institutional scientific and practical seminar (with international participation) “Digital Didactics: Technologies and Practices” organized by the Department of Pedagogy and Psychology. Educators and researchers from Russia, Belarus and Moldova met in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, which sent students and professors online, to discuss the problems related to teaching and learning from home and share the immediate experience of the first month in quarantine conditions. MGIMO welcomed colleagues from Moscow Pedagogical State University, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow Polytechnic University, Academy of Labour and Social Relations, Esenin Ryazan State University, Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, Belarusian State University, Komrat State University (Moldova), Federal Research Centre Computer Science and Control of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The participants of the seminar discussed the place and role of online courses in university education, ways of presenting teaching material and teaching methods as well as pedagogical and psychological problems in online education.
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Ostavnaia, Alla N. "Problems of Moldovan Migrants in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic." DEMIS. Demographic research 1, no. 2 (2021): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/demis.2021.1.2.3.
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The migration process is associated with great health risks. The factors of health vulnerability of migrants are: the complexity of the migration route; poor living and working conditions; limited access to health care; linguistic and cultural barriers when interacting with healthcare providers, etc. The COVID 19 pandemic has created new health vulnerabilities for migrants. The combination of political, legal, economic and socio-cultural factors creates vulnerabilities for migrants and increases the likelihood of: being infected with COVID 19; lack of access to adequate care; the occurrence of serious symptoms; poor psychosocial impact; lack of income and livelihood. The content of this study is based on: analysis of bibliographic sources on the health of migrants in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; secondary analysis of the results of studies of Moldovan migrants abroad; analysis of statistical information on the state of incidence of COVID-19 on the territory of the Republic of Moldova; analysis of publications on the topic of Moldovan migrants in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in the media; analysis of comments in online groups of the Moldovan diaspora abroad. The legal status of Moldovan migrants in the country of destination, their field of activity, the type of employment contract concluded, as well as the policy of protecting the countries of destination of migrants have become factors of vulnerability of Moldovan migrants abroad in the context of the COVID 19 pandemic. When returning home, Moldovan migrants faced a number of problems and became an object sharp criticism, and stigmatization from their own compatriots. The inability of the country’s leadership to cope with the problems that arose caused a sharp reaction in the ranks of Moldovan citizens abroad and contributed to an unprecedented turnout of the Moldovan diaspora in the presidential elections in November 2020. The victory of the pro-Western candidate Maia Sandu became possible thanks to the support of the diaspora, which made up 1⁄4 of the entire electorate elected president. The study showed that in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, international migrants have become a social problem for both receiving countries and donor countries. A timely policy of comprehensive measures to support the health of migrants and their social protection can be a decisive factor in effectively containing the spread of COVID-19 and reducing the emergency and social tensions in both receiving countries and countries that are donor migrants.
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Wallace, Lorraine, and Judithanne McLauchlan. "Qualitative methods to explore health issues among young moldovans." Open Medicine 7, no. 4 (August 1, 2012): 435–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-012-0010-3.
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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of health-related issues among youth residing in Chişinău, Moldova, through a combination of photovoice and focus group methodologies. During June, 2011, 13 youth, aged 10 to 17, participated in photovoice and focus group sessions. Participants were instructed to take between 10 and 20 photographs, over a 7 day period, representing health-related issues in their community. During focus group sessions, participants, as a group, were asked to sort photographs into piles based on similarly and/or themes. The SHOWeD mnemonic method was used to guide discussion about photographs from a personal to social level. Content analyses were used to summarize and interpret collected data. Seven common themes emerged across both focus groups, including: (1) abundance of garbage in public spaces; (2) homeless dogs wandering the streets; (3) unsafe drinking water; (4) individuals engaging in risky health behaviors, including cigarette smoking and alcohol use; (5) large number of individuals with limited financial resources; (6) considerable number of individuals forced to live in suboptimal living conditions; and (7) poor road and sidewalk conditions. CBPR methods, including photovoice and focus groups, offer promise in gathering valuable information to inform health-related policy in Moldova in the future.
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Palihovici, Liliana. "Legal and institutional aspects that determine the dialog between public authorities and civil society organizations in the Republic of Moldova." Administrarea Publica, no. 1(113) (March 2022): 22–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52327/1813-8489.2022.1(113).02.
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CSOs are a key component of an open and democratic society as they play a key role in the strengthening of democracy and the rule of law, their dialogue with the public authorities being a precondition for this. By analyzing the development of dialogue between Moldovan CSOs and Central and Local Public authorities (CPA / LPA), I found that PA are not yet fully aware of the value of the dialogue, which is sporadic and guided by certain interests, that do not always coincide with the public interest. The key objective pursued by this research was to review the environment underlying activity and collaboration of the civil society from the standpoint of influence exerted by the internal and external factors that determine the core essence of the social environment, while paving and setting conditions for carrying out activities and collaboration between the civil society and public authorities. The paper aims to prove that more communication and collaboration between public authorities and civil society organizations, will likely result in a more inclusive, qualitative and focused act of governance. The author analyses and presents the existing decision-making systems and its consultation mechanisms with the civil society organizations in the Republic of Moldova, the existing opportunities for CSO’s involvement in the public policy making process and the actual practices. A number of research methods were used in the study, aimed at highlighting the particularities of the dialogue and cooperation between the public authorities (PA) and the CSOs, as part of the act of governance, studying the development over time and the influence of various social, economic and political factors on these processes.
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Palihovici, Liliana. "Legal and institutional aspects that determine the dialog between public authorities and civil society organizations in the Republic of Moldova (part I)." Administrarea Publica, no. 4(112) (December 2021): 30–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52327/1813-8489.2021.4(112).02.
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CSOs are a key component of an open and democratic society as they play a key role in the strengthening of democracy and the rule of law, their dialogue with the public authorities being a precondition for this. By analyzing the development of dialogue between Moldovan CSOs and Central and Local Public authorities (CPA / LPA), I found that PA are not yet fully aware of the value of the dialogue, which is sporadic and guided by certain interests, that do not always coincide with the public interest. The key objective pursued by this research was to review the environment underlying activity and collaboration of the civil society from the standpoint of influence exerted by the internal and external factors that determine the core essence of the social environment, while paving and setting conditions for carrying out activities and collaboration between the civil society and public authorities. The paper aims to prove that more communication and collaboration between public authorities and civil society organizations, will likely result in a more inclusive, qualitative and focused act of governance. The author analyses and presents the existing decision-making systems and its consultation mechanisms with the civil society organizations in the Republic of Moldova, the existing opportunities for CSO’s involvement in the public policy making process and the actual practices. A number of research methods were used in the study, aimed at highlighting the particularities of the dialogue and cooperation between the public authorities (PA) and the CSOs, as part of the act of governance, studying the development over time and the influence of various social, economic and political factors on these processes. Thus, the historical analysis method to research the origin and evolution of the legal framework that regulates the dialogue and cooperation between PA and the CSOs was applied. It included analysis of the relevant laws, regulations and policies, together with existing reports and studies on the subject of research, in the Republic of Moldova. I found that public authorities are not yet fully aware of the value of the dialogue and the political factor is also of great influence, as in recent years there has been an increasing pressure on the civil society. The paper reflects the current situation in Moldova, which can be summarized as follows: a) there are no permanent mechanisms or platforms for cooperation and consultation, open to all. Civil society participation is limited to a small number of CSOs, and there are no incentives for the growth of CSOs. b) LPAs, compared to CPAs, enjoy a much higher level of ,,trust” from the society/community, but they rarely have the resources and skills to conduct a constructive dialogue with CSOs; c) there is a proven reluctance of the LPA/CPA to deepen the dialogue and cooperation with the civil society; d) The culture of participation is very weak as there is no perception that participation is an instrument of change. A number of recommendations in order to address the identified problems are listed.
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Sacara, Ana. "Legal nature of social assistance benefits provided to persons at risk." National Law Journal, no. 2(244) (December 2021): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52388/1811-0770.2021.2(244).09.
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Social assistance is an important link in the national social protection system, through which the state is committed to protecting and supporting people and families who are at risk or vulnerable. The nature of the vulnerability depends on poor material condition, physical and health status, family status (single-parent families, orphans), exposure to situations of violence, etc. To prevent and annihilate social risks, state institutions with social functions provide citizens in need with a range of social benefits to alleviate existing inequalities, normal integration into society and regain their autonomy. In this article, we will identify the problems of the social benefits system, which make the purpose and objectives of providing these monetary supports remain purely ideological, because they do not ensure a visible improvement in living conditions. In the author’s opinion, the state’s social policy must be aimed at combating in time the causes that lead to the risk of poverty, and not get involved post factum, when a large part of our citizens are in a situation of absolute poverty. In this context, it is found that all reforms, policies, and budgetary decisions, regardless of the field they regulate (education, agriculture, economy, construction), negatively or positively influence the well-being of the family, and must be directed towards the healthy development of families in the Republic of Moldova.
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Duhlicher, Grigore. "Tourism - factor for revival of the national economy." Vector European, no. 2 (November 2021): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.52507/2345-1106.2021-2.14.
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Due to the specificity of its content, tourism is an important sector in the contemporary world, which includes a huge force of recovery, development and economic prosperity. The recent economic reality shows us that tourism is experiencing a continuous expansion, thus becoming a field of major importance for both developed national economies and developing countries. In the conditions of economic, political and social instability worldwide, phenomena that produce a negative impact on the development of several national economies, tourism has proved, for many countries, to be a good solution to overcome these crises through economic diversification. At the same time, both developing and developed countries pay particular attention to developing strategies to intensify domestic and international tourism as those that contribute to overcoming economic crises. Tourism is a factor that can make an essential contribution to the prosperity, development and improvement of living standards in the Republic of Moldova.
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Garusova, Olga. "Everyday Life and Traditions of the Russian Community of Interwar Сhisinau in the Memoirs of Contemporaries." Journal of Ethnology and Culturology 30 (December 2021): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/rec.2021.30.13.
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The article examines the everyday and cultural traditions of the Russian population of interwar Сhisinau based on sources of personal origin. There were selected and analyzed unpublished memoirs of contemporaries who belonged to the noble and intelligent urban stratum, kept in the personal funds of the National Archives of Republic of Moldova. The range of topics and plots is very wide, but Russian problems are implicitly present in all memoirs. Describing everyday habits, leisure, professional occupations, social activities of the Russian-speaking intelligentsia of those years, the authors reflect the world outlook and opinions inherent in their ethno-cultural environment. The studied memoirs show that the everyday life and culture of the Russian population of the 1920s and 30s reflected continuity with those that were characteristic of the previous decades. During the period when Bessarabia was part of Royal Romania, the Russian community, being in new social and ideological conditions, tried to preserve their religious and cultural forms of everyday life. However, while remaining outwardly unchanged, many traditions were filled with a different content moving from social to private life. These personal documents and memoirs allow us to focus on the key topic in ethnology: investigation of the daily life of the Russian population in Bessarabia during the interwar period, less studied in historical discourse.
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Tolmacheva, Anastasia. "Social Integration of Migrants from Central Asia and other post-Soviet States (Comparative Study)." Sociologicheskaja nauka i social'naja praktika 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 238–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2021.9.3.8444.
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The article examines the relationship between migrants to Russia and the host society, using surveys taken in the spring of 2017 and in the autumn of 2020. According to German-speaking authors, social integration is one of the stages of forming comprehensive integration of foreigners. Public opinion surveys show that migrants from Central Asia are the most undesirable for Russians. That is why the article gives comparative study of social integration of immigrants from Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan compared to other post-Soviet states (Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Ukraine). The central focus is given to migrants’ self-perception of their place in the Russian society and to evaluation of quality of interpersonal interaction with the citizens. The results obtained from the study show that migrants from Central Asia are the least integrated into the host society and more oriented towards the sending state compared to migrants from other countries. Also, despite reasonable Russian language proficiency, migrants from Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan communicate with the representatives of their own ethnos in every aspect of their lives more often than migrants from other Soviet republics. At the same time, they identify themselves with the citizens of Russia less frequently. The reason for such low social integration of Central Asian migrants compared to other migrant groups could be their desire to return to their homeland and that they may view migration to Russia just as a way of survival in the unfavourable conditions in their country of origin.
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Andritski, Viorika I. "Management of teacher motivation development." Yaroslavl Pedagogical Bulletin 3, no. 120 (2021): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/1813-145x-2021-3-120-26-35.
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The purpose of the study: the development of the recommendations for managing the motivation of didactic staff. Оbjection: analysis of research results in the field of teacher motivation in the Republic of Moldova; argumentation of the professional needs of teachers and a system of actions to improve the motivational aspect in the competence profile of teachers. Proceeding from the fact that the level of teachers' motivation determines the effectiveness of an educational institution, as well as that the teacher's motivation for a high-quality educational process is closely related to the student's motivation to learn, the main problems of the teaching staff are identified to affect the level of motivation and the reasons for low motivation in the education system, such as lack of social status, lack of information, lack of communication and participation. Based on the analysis of the research results, such factors of motivation in the education system as influence, competence, significance and choice have been identified. The personal values of teachers in general education are revealed, putting forward as a hypothesis the idea that a set of personal values can determine / contribute to the implementation of a managerial model for motivating teachers. There has been established a hierarchy of professional needs of teachers (the need for harmony of values, in the creation of values; the need for professional self-realization; the need for quality, for a job well done; cognitive needs; the need for gratitude; the need for synergy; information needs; material needs); the importance of the system of managerial actions is reasoned to exclude the phenomenon of demotivation. In conclusion a number of actions to improve the motivational aspect in the competence profile of teachers in the Republic of Moldova and the conditions for the effective management of teachers' motivation, are recommended.
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Voitovych, Radmyla, Mariia Masyk, Denys Darmostuk, Nataliia Zlenko, Iryna Yatsyk, and Marina Shulga. "Institutional Resilience of Public Governance Under Conditions of Sustainable Development." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 18 (June 24, 2022): 884–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232015.2022.18.83.
Full textAbstract:
Intensification of globalization processes, social-political and financial and economic instability, the desire of Eastern European countries to integrate into the European Union raise the issue of sustainable development, in which public governance is of great importance. Ensuring effective and sustainable public governance is one of the priority areas of sustainable development of the state. The purpose of the research lies in substantiating the theoretical and applied principles of studying the institutional resilience of public governance and assessing the impact of public governance on ensuring sustainable development. General and special methods of economic analysis have been used in the research, in particular as follows: analysis and synthesis, comparisons and analogies, generalization and systematization, grouping and cluster analysis based on the use of k-means method, and graphical method. The results of studying the impact of public governance stability on sustainable development have revealed that the institutional resilience of public governance significantly affects sustainable development. Exploring the impact of the institutional resilience of public governance on ensuring sustainable development of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, three groups of countries have been identified that have common features of public governance and sustainable development, namely: countries with a relatively high level of institutional resilience of public governance and sustainable development (Hungary (GSDGI: 75,00 - 78,78), Poland (GSDGI: 73,70 - 80,22), the Czech Republic (GSDGI: 78,70 - 81,39), Slovakia (GSDGI: 75,60 - 79,57), in which the basic principles of institutional resilience of public governance and sustainable development are implemented at a sufficiently high level; countries with a moderate (intermediate) level of institutional resilience of public governance and sustainable development (Moldova (GSDGI: 73,68 - 74,50), Ukraine (GSDGI: 72,30 - 75,51), Belarus (GSDGI: 76,00 - 78,82), which make significant efforts to ensure an effective system of public governance and sustainable development indicators; countries with a low level of institutional resilience of public governance and sustainable development (Azerbaijan (GSDGI: 70,50 - 73,68), Armenia (GSDGI: 68,80 – 71,79), Georgia (GSDGI: 68,90 - 72,23), in which significant destabilizing factors are revealed to ensure the institutional resilience of public governance and sustainable development.
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Bradu, Margareta. "The competitiveness of the national economy in the process of being reborn." Moldoscopie, no. 2(93) (November 2021): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52388/1812-2566.2021.2(93).08.
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The economic and health shocks of 2020 have had a negative impact on the quality of life and livelihoods of millions of households, disrupted business activities, and an indescribable global economic recession. In this article, the author investigates the influencing factors on the rebirth of the competitiveness of the national economy, which suffered from the pandemic, not only in our country but also in the world. Now all countries are facing new conditions and are looking for ways to revive both social and economic. Therefore, economic competitiveness may be the process that would lead to post-pandemic economic recovery. All that remains is for each country to select those strong factors that would lead to the rebirth of the competitiveness of the national economy. The Republic of Moldova, in order to start the process of rebirth of economic competitiveness, must invest in the renewal of the education system, the health system and new methods of motivation must be developed in order to maintain and attract the talents gone abroad, back to the country
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Malakhovskyi, Yurii, and Ali Kanso. "CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF SOCIAL CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE." Three Seas Economic Journal 1, no. 4 (December 28, 2020): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2661-5150/2020-4-11.
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The purpose of the publication is to summarize the practice of quantitative assessment of the current state and trends in the change of social capital of national economy (SCNE) of Ukraine on the basis of the use of the index system, which comprehensively take into account numerous aspects of its functioning as a basic factor in ensuring stable competitiveness of the national economy (NE), high level of human development, key conditions for prosperity and well-being of all segments of the population. The results of the benchmarking of indices and analysis of the actual level of SCNE are based on data about the factors of current level of the national economy’s formation for individual countries in the process of ensuring in the strategic perspective the UN Sustainable Development Goals – Measuring Social Capital (SC) for Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). For SCNE of Ukraine is inherent in the simultaneous deep commitment of the domestic community to the values of survival (at the level of Russia, Moldova, Romania, Albania, Bulgaria) in combination with a high level of confession of secular rational values (at the level of Lithuania, South Korea, the Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark). Based on the above data, Ukraine has a low level of direct interpersonal social trust (the level of distrust/caution in relations practically exceeds it three times) combined with a low level of trust in political institutions. The necessary information for the assessment of the environment and the general level of development of SCNE of Ukraine is contained in the already mentioned international indices, which in their aggregate comprehensively characterize the subject of our research.
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Marian, Maria-Liliana. "THE TRADITIONAL MOLDOVAN DWELLING FROM THE SEC. XVIII-XX FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND SOLUTIONS USED." Journal of Social Sciences 4, no. 3 (September 2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.52326/jss.utm.2021.4(3).08.
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The article represents a research of the traditional houses from the Republic of Moldova specific to the period XVIII - XX centuries. Life, always conditioned by life, is a major program that, in the vernacular architecture of the Republic of Moldova, plays the role of the function of continuity. The main objectives of this article are to bring in heritage practice, beneficial information, both for the historical monument and for architects, specialists and the general public interested in the future of heritage objects, locally or nationally and how they influence the factors of decision involved. The slow transformations, recorded over the last two thousand years, in which we distinguish evidence of its evolution, are the result of slow transformations, both of techniques and instructional materials, as well as of the specific occupations and way of life sec. XVIII - XX. Starting from the semi-buried dwellings, the surface houses with a single level, constituted the architectural solutions with the widest spread on the whole territory of the country, until the middle of the century. XX. The architecture of traditional residential buildings - plan, size and appearance - were influenced by physical, social, historical, geographical conditions, the natural environment and the specifics of the household. The knowledge of the architecture of the traditional house contributes to the reconstruction of some aspects of the ancient culture, inextricably linked to the problem of the continuity of the local population on these lands. In the architecture of the traditional house, the normative thinking, common at the technical level of the society, is combined with the adaptation to the individual requirements. The lack of this information, especially important for those interested in the fate of the architectural heritage, can cause serious damage to the historical monument, namely the loss of structural elements, functional and stylistic elements, elements of composition, volume and structure. The ambiguities can distort the real value of the monuments and even the loss of the value of architectural heritage, so the historical monument becomes vulnerable in the future.
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Guseletov, Boris P. "THE EASTERN PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM IN THE POST-COVID PERIOD. KEY FEATURES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series Eurasian Studies. History. Political Science. International Relations, no. 2 (2021): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7648-2021-2-28-37.
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The article is dedicated to the analysis of the European Union’s Eastern Partnership program in the post-COVID period. It considers the main features of that program in modern conditions and further prospects for its de- velopment, taking into account the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for the European Union and the countries participating in this program. The author analyzes the EU leadership attitude to the individual participants of the program and identifies priorities in relation to the various countries represen- ted in it. To overcome the social and economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, the European Commission decided to provide financial assistance to the participating countries, but the amount of the assistance for individual countries depended on the state of relations between the European Union and the leadership of those countries. It is proved in the article that the European Union currently has the most favorable relations with three countries parti- cipating in the program: Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine, which have openly declared a policy of rapprochement with the European Union in the political and economic fields. The author outlines positions of all the countries and their expectations of participating in the program in the nearest future as well as in the longer term.
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Kalicka-Mikołajczyk, Adriana. "Pogłębiona i kompleksowa strefa wolnego handlu — nowa forma współpracy gospodarczej Unii Europejskiej z krajami partnerskimi Europy Wschodniej i Kaukazu Południowego w ramach Europejskiej Polityki Sąsiedztwa." Ekonomia 22, no. 2 (November 10, 2016): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-4093.22.2.2.
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Deepen and congeneric free trade area — a new form of business collaboration of the European Union with its neighbours from Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus within the European Neighbourhood Policy The European Neighbourhood Policy ENP was developed in 2004, with the objective of avoiding of new dividing lines between the enlarged EU and its neighbours and strengthening the prosperity, stability and security of all participants. Within the ENP the European Union offers its neighbours a privileged relationship building upon a mutual commitment to common values, political association and deeper economic integration. The ENP links partner countries with the EU’s internal market and its social and economic model. For partners, this means adopting basic rules on equal opportunities, economic participation and fair competition. The ENP builds upon the legal agreements in place between the EU and the partner countries: Partnership and Cooperation Agreements or Association Agreements. Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova signed Association Agreements with the EU on 27 June 2014. The deep and comprehensive free trade agreement is part of a new generation of Association Agreements with eastern partner countries which provides a long-term foundation for future economic relations with the European Union. It was agreed that Association Agreement should take an ambitious and innovative approach, include a deep and comprehensive free trade area and go qualitatively beyond the current Partnership and Cooperation Agreement wherever possible. It contains binding, rule-based provisions and cooperation developed further than in traditional agreements and it is wide-ranging, covering all areas of interest. The deep and comprehensive free trade area is part of the Association Agreement which offer a new framework for modernising partner countries trade relations and for economic development by the opening of markets via the progressive removal of customs tariffs and quotas, and by an extensive harmonisation of laws, norms and regulations in various trade-related sectors, creating the conditions for aligning key sectors of the eastern partners economy to European Union standards. The deep and comprehensive free trade areas are expected to bring many economic benefits for Moldova, Georgia and Ukraine by offering businesses access to the EU’s single market — the largest in the world.
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Shemakhina, I. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF POST-SOCIALIST COUNTRIES: CONTRADICTORY TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF THE PRESENT." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Economics, no. 218 (2022): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2667.2022/218-1/7.
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The article analyses the social and economic development of 14 post-socialist countries from 2001 to 2020. By assessing their clustering, a conclusion was made about the contradictory combination of two evolution tendencies of these countries: simultaneous deployment of processes of divergence, asymmetry of their social and economic development and deployment of convergence processes, and formation of separate clusters of the specified countries. In particular, the European Union member states, such as Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Hungary, and the Czech Republic, formed a separate cluster in 2020, characterized by the highest GDP per capita in the group, the share of expenditure on education and the highest level of the spending on health care in GDP. A separate cluster was formed by Ukraine and Moldova, potential EU candidate countries. The place of Ukraine among the considered countries in the period 2001-2020 and in modern conditions was analyzed. It was concluded that the indicators of socio-economic development of Ukraine demonstrate cyclical dynamics under the influence of global factors and shocks, taking into account the turning point events for the whole world in 2022. It was noted that new world order is currently developing. There are new initiatives and concepts within the EU, which provide great opportunities for Ukraine for European integration. In this context, the institutional factors of convergent and divergent development of post-socialist countries, which will be aimed at resolving the existing military and political conflicts, settlement of global imbalances, stabilization of world economic development, have an essential role.
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Florea, Adrian. "Rebel governance in de facto states." European Journal of International Relations 26, no. 4 (May 6, 2020): 1004–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354066120919481.
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De facto states, such as Somaliland (Somalia), are unrecognized separatist enclaves that display characteristics of statehood but lack an international legal status. To acquire domestic and external legitimacy, these actors engage in a wide range of governance practices: they set up military and police forces; executive, legislative, and judicial branches; hospitals; schools; banks; or social security networks. In spite of the obvious gains that can be accrued through the establishment of a complex governance architecture, de facto states exhibit great variation in the range of statelike institutions that they build: some, like Luhansk People’s Republic (Ukraine), put together a rudimentary governance apparatus, while others, like Transnistria (Moldova), manage to construct a complex system of rule. What explains the variation in governance practices across these separatist enclaves? Using original data on governance institutions across all de facto states (1945–2016), this study offers an empirical examination of the key factors that shape separatists’ incentives to supply governance. The findings reveal that de facto state separatists are less likely to provide governance when they have access to lootable mineral resources but are more likely to do so when they receive external military support, when peacekeepers are present, when they have access to relatively immobile assets, when they adopt a Marxist ideology, and when they control the territory for a long time. The findings help us better understand the conditions under which armed nonstate actors supplant sovereign states as de facto authorities and successfully institutionalize their rule.
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Lesnic, Evelina, Aurelia Ustian, and Carmen Monica Pop. "The role of exogenous risk factors of antituberculosis treatment failure." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 89, no. 3 (July 31, 2016): 396–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-608.
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Background and aim. The Republic of Moldova reports the highest incidence of tuberculosis and the lowest treatment success rate among European region countries. In most of the patients the antituberculosis treatment failure is correlated with social risk factors (low socio-economical state, epidemiological danger characteristics) and biological factors (young age, male sex, physiological conditions, associated diseases). Clinical factors (advanced forms of tuberculosis, chronic evolution, immune disturbances), therapeutic factors (treatment errors and interruptions, individualized regimens) and administrative factors (drug interruption in supply, suboptimal treatment quality) prevail in regions with defficient in health care delivery. The association of risk factors has a higher impact than the severity of one risk factor. The risk factor assessment is very important before initiation of the treatment, for establishing the plan of risk reduction measures for increasing the success rate. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of exogenous risk factors on antituberculosis treatment failure.Methods. The study was conducted on 201 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and treatment failure and 105 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who successfully finished the antituberculosis treatment. Selected cases were investigated according national standards.Results. The treatment failure occurred in patients belonging to socially disadvantaged groups, patients with harmful habits (alcohol abuse, drug use, active smoking), patients from infectious clusters. Migration, homelessness and detention releasing imperil the quality of treatment, thus predisposing to the treatment failure. Social, educational support and the substitutive therapy and withdrawal techniques (tobacco, alcohol, psycho-active substances) must be implemented in the high risk groups in order to diminish the risk of treatment failure and to increase the treatment success rate.Conclusions. The study of exogenous risk factors in vulnerable groups will contribute to the precocious detection of patients predisposed to failing the tuberculosis treatment and will permit the initiation of measures centered on patient that will favor the increase of treatment quality and success rate.
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Mereuta, I., V. Furdui, V. Ciochina, E. Ciobanu, A. Baciu, C. Croitoru, V. Dumitras, and V. Fedas. "DEVELOPMENT OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE AND ESTIMATION OF THE PARTICULARITIES OF OWN EXHAUSTION IN MEDICAL WORKERS UNDER COVID-19 PANDEMIC CONDITIONS. PILOT STUDY." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 01 (January 31, 2022): 684–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14091.
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Burnout syndrome is defined in the ICD-11. stated in section "273 – Problems related to the difficulty of organizing their own way of life", is a real scourge of the XXI century, especially for people who work within a communication-related field. This problem has gained particular importance under the influence of the coronavirus pandemic. However, the issues on development and specific manifestations of occupational stress among doctors of different specialties have not been systematically studied yet. Specialty scientific papers on the indicators that reflect the stress and burnout were consulted for the elaboration of the working tool (IPSSHM questionnaire - for diagnosing the professional stress syndrome in the healthcare workers) and selecting the testing methodology. A pilot study was conducted to assess the burnout syndrome as a complex systemic state of the professional activity of various medical specialists in the Republic of Moldova, depending on their psychophysiological characteristics. A questionnaire, which includes two parts (general and special), was developed. The general part of the questionnaire (with ten items) allowed to collect personal social, professional, and married data about the respondent, regarding age, biological gender, family situation, living environment, activity environment, medical specialty, place/work institution, work experience, and information about a part-time job. The unique part of the questionnaire represents a set of 131 items, which characterize the respondent through the prism of six distinctive structural blocks: emotional-sentimental, behavioral block, cognitive block, communicative block, individual-semantic block, and neurophysiological block. 38.3% of themedical workers tested (n=73) did not suffer from burnout, while 61.6% of them presented various signs of burnout. The specific characteristics of the professional exhaustion among healthcare workers were revealed depending on their specialty and work experience, as well as on their psychophysiological peculiarities. The most susceptible to stress factors were the healthcare workers with <10 years of working experience (77.1%). The constituent mental health blocks showed changes among different medical specialties under the influence of occupational exhaustion.The obtained results demonstrate the validity of the questionnaire and the possibility of its application identifying healthcare workers' burnout. A relationship between physician burnout, their behavioral type and level of emotional stability has been demonstrated.
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Dnistryanskyy, Myroslav, and Natalia Dnistryanska. "The problem of the settlement of the mountainous area of the Ukrainian Carpathians: contradictions of methodological approaches and interpretations." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 52 (June 27, 2018): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2018.52.10172.
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The most controversial questions in research of settlement problems of the Ukrainian Carpathians are settling time, the role of different migratory movements and ethnic composition of immigrants. Historical records show that until the XIII century there was not an overall network of settlements in the mountainous areas of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Nevertheless, on the eve of that time, the Ukrainians quite rapidly adjusted directly to the foothills, Transcarpathian ways, they created defensive points in the highlands and carried out various nature use. Considering the socio-economic and security needs of the population of ancient foothill areas main migratory movement coming from the plains to mountain rivers flow to their origins, including the territory of Transcarpathia and Carpathian and Volyn and Podillya. The similarity place names on both sides of the Carpathians Ukrainian Transcarpathian confirm the influence of colonization movements that have left their traces in the mountains. Various historical and ethnographic artifacts indicate an important role in the settlement of the Carpathian mountain region south of colonization, i.e. relocation to the region population from the territory on the border of the middle and lower Danube, historic Transylvania and Moldova during the XIII-XVI centuries, which in the Commonwealth and some other states politically identified as “land Wlachs”. The main component of ethnic-social colonization was humanity southern Slavic-Rusyn origin. Settling mountain areas of Ukrainian Carpathians influenced the formation of the social structure of Ukrainian society, particularly on the spread of Ukrainian gentry, which was originally founding villages and their families. Value of different groups of immigrants from the south, north, west and east, as well as instituting the characteristics of the traditional economy and traditional culture under various environmental conditions and led to the formation of ethnic groups of the Ukrainian Carpathians (Boyko, Lemko, Hutsuls). Key words: settlement of the Ukrainian Carpathians, South colonization, Ukrainian ethnographic groups, toponymy of the Ukrainian Carpathians, Transcarpathian relocation.
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Lyutov, N. L. "Labor Inspections in Post-Soviet States: Degradation for the Sake of the Myth about Economic Efficiency?" Actual Problems of Russian Law 1, no. 12 (January 20, 2020): 92–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2019.109.12.092-106.
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The paper discusses the policy to limit the powers and resources allocated to labor inspectorates in 10 post-Soviet states (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Ukraine). This policy is carried out under the slogans of protecting businesses from excessive regulatory burden and attracting investment. The aim of the study is to determine the extent of restrictions and trends in the development of legislation and law enforcement practices of these states in this regard. The objectives of the study are to identify specific limitations enshrined both in regulatory legal acts and in the practical activities of state bodies and non-state structures in these states. The methodology includes both the study of legal acts, and communication with experts in the countries of the region, as well as field surveys involving participants in labor relations and social partners. The study reveals a significant number of restrictions, some of which are in direct conflict with the requirements of the ILO priority conventions on labor inspection. Some, although not in direct contradiction with them, in combination with other restrictions and the specific approach to their application in practice, destroy the efficiency of the working conditions of workers inspection. Among the most important restrictions of labor inspections are: limiting the subject of inspections only to issues of compliance with safety and health standards; establishing in the legislation of a mandatory requirement to warn the employer on the part of the inspection about the inspection being carried out and / or the obligation of the inspection to coordinate the inspection with other state bodies (prosecutors, courts, etc.); establishing the occurrence of workers’ complaints as a prerequisite for the labor inspectorate, etc.
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Kunert-Milcarz, Renata. "EU Initiatives for Democratisation in Eastern Europe." Polish Political Science Review 1, no. 1 (December 1, 2013): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ppsr-2015-0004.
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Abstract Support for democratisation and democracy has become one of the leading topics in a wide-ranging debate over the state of democracy in the contemporary world. The European Union became an important player in global politics, one with an ambitious programme for the spreading and supporting of democracy and the process of democratisation in Eastern Europe. Hence the author’s attempt at addressing the following question: what actions and strategies have and are being undertaken by the EU to facilitate the above-mentioned processes? The aim of the paper is to describe and assess the strategies and actions of the European Union in the field of supporting democratisation and democracy in selected countries of the former USSR (e.g. Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine), additionally well-fitting to the concept of Eastern Partnership, in the last decade of XX and the first decade of XXI Century. The paper also aims to present which procedures and standards (that are supposed to guarantee their usefulness and effectiveness) are being used by the EU. The emphasis has been placed primarily on the processes of democratisation, their mileage, specificity and possible strategies for supporting democratic development, as well as its potential for consolidation, in the countries of the former Soviet Union. In order to conduct the research it is necessary to assess the political, social and economic conditions in the researched countries. It is to be stressed that one should be aware of the complexity and dynamics of the described processes whilst evaluating the EU’s initiatives. The papers topic was chosen due to the importance and currentness of the researched EU actions and their results.
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Smędzik-Ambroży, Katarzyna, Marta Guth, Adam Majchrzak, Andreea Cipriana Muntean, and Silvia Ștefania Maican. "The Socio-Economics Factors in Family Farms with Different Economic Sustainability Levels from Central and Eastern Europe." Sustainability 13, no. 15 (July 23, 2021): 8262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13158262.
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Economic sustainability plays an important role in shaping conditions for economic growth and social development. The importance of answering the question about the level of sustainability of family farms results from the fact that the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, apart from exceptions (e.g., the Czech Republic and Slovakia), are characterized by a fragmented agrarian structure. Hence, the main goal of this article was to answer two questions: (1) whether the countries of Central and Eastern Europe differ in the level of economic sustainability of small family farms; and (2) whether the same socioeconomic factors impact similarly on the level of economic sustainability of small family farms from countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The study was based on surveys conducted in small family farms: in 2018 from Poland (672 farms) and in 2019 in four other countries (Lithuania; 999 farms, Romania; 834 farms, Serbia; 523 farms, Moldova; 530 farms). The publication includes a critical analysis of the literature, structure analysis and correlation analysis. The results show the occurrence of large differences between the economic sustainability of small family farms from the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The research indicates that the larger the area of a small-scale family farm, the greater its economic sustainability. The productivity of these farms increases with their economic sustainability. The results also prove a negative relationship between the age of the farmer and the economic sustainability of their farm in all analysed countries. These trends were found in all analysed countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The results of the analyses support the conclusion that agricultural policy instruments aimed at increasing the economic sustainability of small family farms should lead to: land consolidation, a decrease in the age of farm owners through generational changes, and a decrease in employment in agriculture, which would lead to a reduction in labour input in the agricultural sector.
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Turko, U. I. "TRADITIONS AND INNOVATIONS IN THE METHODOLOGY OF TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN A FOREIGN SCHOOL AND ACADEMIC ENVIRONMENT." Educational Psychology in Polycultural Space 57, no. 1 (2022): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.24888/2073-8439-2022-57-1-98-107.
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The article considers the status of learning Russian as a foreign language in the school and higher education systems of education at present. The material of the reports of the participants of the International Scientific Conference «Tikhonov Readings» explores how the educational process is carried out, identifying problems arising during studies. An analysis of foreign pedagogical experience in the school and academic systems reveals trends in language teaching methods. In the context of multilingual education and international cooperation, knowledge of a foreign language is a sign of success and competitiveness. Participants of the educational process emphasize the importance of learning Russian, which has the status of an official language used on a par with the native language (in Kazakhstan), the language of interethnic communication (in Moldova), the de facto second native language (in Uzbekistan). The absence of native language teachers and the social exclusion of the population are mentioned among the problems encountered in implementing the educational process in a non-linguistic environment in Iran and Iraq, despite a high interest in learning Russian. Knowing the characteristics of the native language of students and teaching taking into account the grammatical features of their language system helps to eliminate the interference that occurs when mastering a new language and makes it difficult to study it. As a result of an analysis of the best practices of the participants of the educational process, it is possible to discern a tendency to adopt a communicative and activity approach in teaching of Russian as a foreign language, which is to bring the teaching process to the conditions of real communication as close as possible. The use of information and communication technologies plays an active role in the classes, which help to visualize the learning process, convey acoustic features of speech to native speakers, develop critical thinking, and communication skills of trainees. Fishbone is one of the most used methods of working during Russian language lessons aimed at activating speech-oriented activities.
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Tolmacheva, Anastasia. "Families of migrants from post-Soviet states: between homeland and Russia." Vestnik instituta sotziologii 13, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/vis.2022.13.3.830.
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The article is based on sociological surveys conducted in spring 2017 and autumn 2020. It examines the intra-family relations of migrants who came to Russia from the post-Soviet countries (Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine). Particular attention is paid to the study of the life of migrants and their relatives, who, as a result of various life circumstances, found themselves separated by state borders. Migration models of the foreigners moving to Russia with their families, including minor children, are considered as well.
Based on the obtained data, it was revealed that transnational communication is retained to a greater extent by foreigners who initially do not plan to change their place of residence and permanently reside in Russia. This group of migrants is more involved in the life of the extended family in the country of origin. Among all groups of migrants, visitors from the countries of Central Asia stand out. They are the ones who most often come to Russia alone, while actively building social interaction with the family left at home (they regularly communicate via mobile, and send money back home or bring it themselves). Their purpose is to earn money for a higher standard of living in their country of origin. Whereas visitors who intend to stay in Russia permanently, more often live together with their close relatives and maintain less transnational contacts. However, it should be taken into account that migrants' plans for living in Russia may change depending on life situations, changing in turn the nature of transnational interaction.
Migration to Russia with minor children is considered as a separate subject, since in these conditions, migrant parents and their children are forced to face certain difficulties (for example, the inclusion of children in the Russian education system, mastering the Russian language by children, etc.), that require significant material, physical and emotional costs.
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Kharabara, T. I. "Transformation of Administrative Data into Statistical Reporting Through the Introduction of State Statistical Survey “Implementation of Administrative Proceedings”." Statistics of Ukraine 96, no. 1 (July 12, 2022): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.1(96)2022.01.02.
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The problem of formation of statistical reporting as administrative data by the judicial bodies of Ukraine is considered. The situation regarding the publication of judicial statistics by the statistical organization of the European Commission and statistical bodies of some foreign countries is analyzed. The necessity of forming the state statistical survey “Implementation of administrative proceedings” on the basis of judicial statistics data is substantiated.
It is noted that high-quality information of the State Statistical Survey (hereinafter – SSS) on administrative proceedings in Ukraine is necessary to make informed, sound management decisions to protect the rights, freedoms and interests of citizens and rights and interests of enterprises, institutions and organizations, the constitutional order Ukraine, the established law and order, strengthening the rule of law, prevention of violations by the subjects of power.
The experience of the Federal Statistical Office of the Federal Republic of Germany, the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova and statistical institutions of other countries has been studied. For Ukraine, which is trying to achieve the level of democratic, social, legal state, there is an urgent need to resolve a range of legal, political and socio-cultural issues related to creating favorable conditions for comprehensive protection of the rights and interests of individuals and legal entities which is the foundation of economic development of the country. An important role in ensuring such level is played by judicial statistics, which is formed, in particular, in the implementation of administrative proceedings. At the same time, the use of statistical research methods as a result of consideration of administrative cases by court helps to better understand the peculiarities of socio-economic development of our state, to assess the effectiveness of public authorities and courts.
It is concluded that the results of observations on administrative proceedings should be freely available on the official website of the State Statistics Service with reference to sources of such information, namely, according to the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine, local administrative courts, Courts of Appeal, Administrative Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court.
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Zabolotnaia, Lilia. "Legal substratum and social conditions of dissolution of marriage in Moldavia: comparative study (14th–17th centuries)." Balcanica Posnaniensia. Acta et studia 29 (December 23, 2022): 101–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/bp.2022.29.8.
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The main objective of the study is to show the specifics and features of the social phenomenon of divorce in medieval Moldavia. Divorce was known in all civilizations, however, in the context of European history, both common and specific features were observed in the Principality of Moldavia. The study of documentary historical, legal and act material of the era, notes and information of Catholic missionaries shows that in the Principality of Moldavia not only men, but also women had the right to divorce and remarry. Moldavian women could and had the right to initiate a divorce.
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Maxim, Igor. "Preoperative evaluation of the pacient with bronchopulmonary cancer." Jurnalul de Chirurgie 17, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.7438/jsurg.2021.01.02.
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BACKGROUND.In the Republic of Moldova, we have reported 983 cases of bronchopulmonary cancer (BPC) annually, in 2019. This impressive number of patients requires a more efficient mobilization of the medical system to solve these cases. AIM. The high incidence of newly diagnosed cases of BPC in advanced stages implies a reserved attitude for the surgical treatment of these patients, as well as the presence of associated pathologies, compromise more the situations, and the possibility to provide effective solutions to solve these cases. The group of patients who have tertiary prevention as a measure of treatment becomes imposing. This order of ideas outlines the need for a different medical-surgical approach for this category of patients. METHODS AND RESULTS.For the assessment of functional criteria for operability for patients with BPC, especially in advanced lung cancer, using comorbidity scores (ASA, Charlson, Elixhauser) and the formation of indications for surgical treatment are significant, because surgery offers the greatest opportunity for healing. The team responsible for the preoperative assessment should include both a perioperative mortality risk assessment and a postoperative pulmonary function prediction to optimally advise patients on anticipated outcomes. Due to both advanced cancer on presentation and comorbid conditions, only one-third of patients are ultimately considered candidates for surgical resection. Despite modern surgical, anesthetic, and postoperative techniques, there is still a perioperative mortality rate of 1-5%. Postoperative myocardial infarction is an important source of morbidity and mortality for those undergoing extensive lung resections, especially trans-pericardial pneumonectomies. Until surgery is suggested, preoperative evaluation of the cardiovascular system should be required for the existence of active heart disease (unstable angina, recent myocardial infarction, decompensated heart failure, arrhythmias, or valve defects).In addition to identifying cardiac risk factors, a preoperative assessment is incomplete without quantifying a patient's functional capacity. This can be achieved by the results of a formal stress test, measured in units of metabolic equivalents of task (MET). Geriatric assessment (GA) is a method used to collect information about the physical condition of elderly patients, which may be useful in estimating life expectancy and predicting treatment toxicity. GA includes an assessment of functional status, fatigue, cognitive function, mental health, nutritional status, the individual's ability to complete instrumental activities of daily living, comorbidities, social support, and the presence of geriatric syndromes. CONCLUSIONS. A thorough analysis of the results of diagnostic tests, referring to the functional evaluation of patients with advanced BPC and/or comorbidities, would allow the extension of surgical indications to obtain new results and increase over time the survival and quality of life of these patients.
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Sokolska, T. V., and S. P. Polishchuk. "Role of public government in cross-border cooperation." Public administration aspects 6, no. 5 (June 18, 2018): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/151828.
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The article considers the role and place of public authorities in shaping the policy of effective cross-border cooperation between Ukraine and the EU taking into account the national interests.Particular attention is paid to the principles and features of territorial cooperation, taking into account the specifics of the EU’s external cooperation as well as the interests of the participating countries.The basic principles of the cooperation are determined on the basis of connections as well as contractual interregional and interstate relations, in compliance with the national legislation and respect for the international obligations of the states that are subjects of contractual relations; the thematic objectives are defined.The current state of Ukraine and the EU countries cross-border cooperation development is characterized and the main factors limiting this process are outlined. The most significant ones are the insufficient level of the national economic development and inconformity of the national legislation with European standards; lack of well-balanced management at the local level; the impossibility of implementing international projects of economic and social development due to ineffective management; lack of proper infrastructure; lack of marketing which aims to facilitate the existing resource potential of the border regions; sparking interethnic conflicts; the lack of skilled personnel in different spheres of establishing effective cooperation between the authorities, business and the public, etc. are also among them.Lack of sufficient financial resources and managerial powers in local administrations, in particular, for establishing the information infrastructure necessary for the cooperation with the authorities of the foreign countries regions and the development of financial projects is a specific problem of cross-border cooperation.The role of international projects and regional programs such as EU4Business, cross-border cooperation (Black Sea, Romania, Moldova, Hungary, Slovakia, Poland), EU programs, such as ERASMUS, HORIZON (61 projects amounting to 11.95 million euros were announced in 2016), COSME (May 2016) and their role in improving the socio-economic development of the border regions as well as solving common problems in ecology, health, safety and security, promoting the living conditions of citizens are grounded in the paper.The role of the united territorial communities (UTC) in cross-border cooperation activating, in particular their participation in international projects is grounded and the results of this activity in the Transcarpathia are presented. Insufficient level of professional training of public authorities representatives is pointed out. It is proved that cross-border cooperation is one of the main economic mechanisms of attracting foreign investments and grant funds for the economy modernization, for new jobs creation through the small business development, attraction of innovative technologies, access to the European market and the entry of Ukraine into the European community in the current economic situation.The expediency of working out the coherent effective state policy of cross-border cooperation with the EU, in which the legal, institutional and financial instruments should be clearly defined, along with the determined means of its implementation and mandatory public monitoring of the results is emphasized. The development of cross-border cooperation between Ukraine and the EU countries, ensuring a competitive economy running, the effective development of international trade, improvement of conditions and support of entrepreneurship, can be realized under the condition of implementation of the policy of public administration at the regional level.
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Nikitovic, Vladimir. "Long-term effects of low fertility in the region of former Yugoslavia." Stanovnistvo 54, no. 2 (2016): 27–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/stnv161115009n.
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After the dissolution of the socialist Yugoslavia (SFRY) in 1991, the quality and availability of demographic and migration statistics in the region as a whole, and especially in some of its parts are deteriorated. In addition, census rounds are not being held regularly throughout the region as of 1991. Thus, producing population projections has become rather challenging in comparison to the period of SFRY. This paper made an effort in order to overcome obstacles in terms of historic data and jump-off projection values for the whole region in accordance with adjusted data from national records. Until 1991, population of the region had been increasing almost linearly. Although SFRY was characterized by significant sub-regional differences in terms of the beginning and the pace of demographic transition, the current total fertility rate throughout the region is below 2.1. The aim of the paper is to consider the long-term implications of low fertility and whether in this respect there would be a demographic homogenization of the region. For that purpose, we relied on the UN WPP2015 model used by the UN Population Division for producing its 2015 World Population Prospects. It enabled several important features from the viewpoint of the main tasks of the paper: the methodologically consistent datasets on main demographic indicators, probabilistic approach for modelling and forecasting fertility and mortality, the opportunity to adjust initial datasets for known issues on data quality (Serbia, Kosovo, Bosnia & Herzeg.), and ability to adjust data distribution according to the former administrative division of SFRY. The last one was of particular importance as it allowed us to take into account the well-known diversity of fertility patterns in Serbia (Vojvodina, Central Serbia and Kosovo), and to make a distinction in projection results between the sub-regions differed by the onset and tempo of fertility transition. The UN concept of post-transition recovery of total fertility rate is lying behind the hypotheses of future TFR. According to the model, Slovenia and Vojvodina has been already entered the post-transitional phase. Central Serbia and Macedonia are first to join them (as of 2020), followed by Croatia and Bosnia & Herzeg. (2025), and Montenegro (2030). However, the fertility transition in Kosovo could last until 2070. The greatest chance (median distribution of the simulated trajectories) is that TFR in the SFRY region will converge to the levels projected for Southern Europe (1.8) in 2100, except in Slovenia (1.89). Hypotheses on migration in deterministic manner were based on the ?migration cycle model? introduced by Fassmann and Reeger (2012), which assume that all of Europe will eventually experience the transition to net immigration. Since the strategic objectives of all governments in the region are consistent when it comes to joining the EU, it is taken as a pivotal condition for a hypothesis on the migration transition. The symbolic turning point in the transition process in the region (2035) implies that the whole region will become the part of the EU by then. Kosovo is assumed to be the only territory not able to achieve the net immigration during The greatest chances (median of the distribution) are that the population in the region of SFRY will be reduced by 16.9% between 2015 and 2055, which puts this region among the ones that are going to experience the strongest decrease (over 15%) in global terms - mainly countries of the former Eastern bloc and Japan. According to the median of prediction intervals, a sharp decline is expected in Vojvodina (31.7%), Cent. Serbia (27.2 %), Bosnia & Herzeg. (22.0%), and Croatia (18.9%), which is similar to the countries that were expected to experience the greatest population decrease in the world by 2050 - Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, and Moldova. The region reversal to the historic population maximum of 1990 seems to be not possible even in conditions of the above replacement fertility. A zone of depopulation emerged along the eastern rim of the EU, which, according to the UN model, is the most prominent depopulation zone in global terms. Prediction intervals indicate that by the mid-century, with the exception of Kosovo, only Slovenia has some chances (35%) to maintain the current population size. However, to return to its maximum population by 2100 some chance has only Slovenia (almost 30%), and only minimal Montenegro (8%), and Kosovo (5%). Old-age dependency ratio in the SFRY region is likely to double by the mid-century, while the prediction intervals suggest that even a return to the current unfavourable level is outside of the range of possible outcomes throughout the region. It is the most important long-term demographic implication of low fertility. Yet, that rise has its limits. Therefore, the next four decades will be the most challenging period of getting used to the new demographic reality, which in view of the modern concept of population policy (quality before quantity) is not necessarily bad. One of the conclusions is that the significant increase in the total fertility rate, i.e. up to and around the replacement level of 2.1, which current official projections (Cent. Serbia, Vojvodina, Montenegro, and Croatia) consider as the ultimate objective of population policy, is far beyond the possible outcomes.
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Chihai, Cristina. "Legal special subject-matter of crimes related to illegal practice of financial activity." Journal of the National Institute of Justice, no. 2(57) (July 2021): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52277/1857-2405.2021.2(57).03.
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The classification of a prejudicial act pursuant to Article 2411 [Illegal Practice of Financial Activity] of the Moldovan Criminal Code depends directly on the accurate determination of the crime objective and subjective constituents. Hence, the special subject-matter of this Study is made up of social relations with respect to the practicing of financial activity under a level playing field, having assumed that the subject concerned has been registered and/or authorised (licensed). Essentially, the licence is a permissive act that entitles the holder to carry out a certain kind of activity, in full or in part, falling under the licensing criteria provided by this Law. Authorisation shall be treated as a permissive act that gives certain activity rights to the economic operator, provided that specific terms and conditions are being met. In this regard, it is worth noting that licence and authorisation are not equipollent. Crimes related to illegal practice of financial activity has no tangible (intangible) subject-matter. Therefore, one may draw the conclusion that the wording „in case of causing material damage” (Article 2411 (1) of the Moldovan Criminal Code) and the wording „for the same action that caused material damage” (Article 2411 (2) of the Moldovan Criminal Code) shall be treated as technical and legal error. Ultimately, we shall mention that the identification of social relations affected by the committed crime involves truthful and consistent application, by the law enforcement bodies, of the provision set forth by Article 2411 of the Moldovan Criminal Code.
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Kyrychenko, Yuriy, and Hanna Davlyetova. "Role of political parties in modern processes of state building in Ukraine." Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 3, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2020-3-7-12.
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The article examines the role of political parties in modern state-building processes in Ukraine. The place of political parties in the political and legal system of society is determined. The general directions of overcoming problematic situations of activity of political parties in Ukraine are offered. It is noted that political parties play an important role in the organization and exercise of political power, act as a kind of mediator between civil society and public authorities, influence the formation of public opinion and the position of citizens directly involved in elections to public authorities and local governments. It is determined that in a modern democratic society, political parties carry out their activities in the following areas: the work of representatives of political parties in public authorities and local governments; participation in elections of state authorities and local self-government bodies; promoting the formation and expression of political will of citizens, which involves promoting the formation and development of their political legal consciousness. These areas of political parties determine their role and importance in a modern democratic society, which determines the practical need to improve their activities and improve the national legislation of Ukraine in the field of political parties. Political parties are one of the basic institutions of modern society, they actively influence the ac-tivities of public authorities, economic and social processes taking place in the state and so on. It is through political parties that the people participate in the management of public affairs. Expressing the interest of different social communities, they become a link between the state and civil society. The people have the opportunity to delegate their powers to political parties, which achieves the ability of the people to control political power in several ways, which at the same time through competition of state political institutions and political parties contributes to increasing their responsibility to the people. It is noted that the political science literature has more than 200 definitions of political parties. And approaches to the definition of this term significantly depend on the general context in which this issue was studied by the researcher. It was emphasized that today in Ukraine there are important issues related to the activities of political parties. First of all, it is a significant number of registered political parties that are incapable, ie their political activity is conducted formally or not at all. According to official data from the Department of State Registration and Notary of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine, 352 political parties are registered, of which 48 political parties do not actually function. The reason for the liquidation of such parties is not to nominate their candidates for the election of the President of Ukraine and People's Deputies of Ukraine for 10 years. According to this indicator, Ukraine ranks first among other European countries. Thus, 73 political parties are officially registered in Latvia, 38 in Lithuania, 45 in Moldova, 124 in Romania, and 56 in Slovakia. However, despite the large number of officially registered political parties in Ukraine, public confidence in their activities is low. It is concluded that political parties occupy a special place in the political and legal system of society and play an important role in the organization and exercise of political power, as well as a kind of mediator between civil society and public authorities. The general directions of overcoming problematic situations of activity of political parties in Ukraine are offered, namely: introduction of effective and impartial control over activity of political parties; creating conditions for reducing the number of political parties, encouraging their unification; establishment of effective and efficient sanctions for violation of the requirements of the current legislation of Ukraine by political parties.
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Popescu, Ana, Gabriela Soric, Victoria Federiuc, and Vitalie Ojovanu. "Vulnerability in the elderly." Moldovan Medical Journal 64, no. 3 (September 2021): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.52418/moldovan-med-j.64-3.21.12.
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Background: Aging process involves an increased risk for the development of vulnerability, because senescence is a process characterized by a multitude of changes that influence the living conditions and health of the individuals. In geriatrics, the term “vulnerability” implies a multidimensional aspect, among which, multimorbidity, functional incapacity, socio-economic and cognitive problems in the elderly. The main objective of the article is to systematize data from the literature through the analysis of the concept and prevalence of vulnerability, assessed by the score Vulnerable Elders Survey-13 (VES-13) in the elderly. For this purpose, publications from the database GoogleSearch, PubMed, Hinari, etc. were analyzed. The information was systematized, highlighting the main aspects of the contemporary vision of the last 5 years.A series of studies (USA, Brazil, etc.) revealed a high prevalence of vulnerability in the elderly according to the VES-13 score, it was estimated in respondents aged > 65 years, between 40-50% of cases were vulnerable people, with a score ≥ 3 p. The vulnerability of the elderly results from different conditions, correlated with each other, especially biological, social and genetic factors. There was a functional decline between 13 and 24% of cases, especially in the elderly over 75 years, and an association with health problems, mobility and low autonomy in over 50% of cases, with a poor quality of life and increased risk of institutionalization. Conclusions: Vulnerability assessment measures are important for identifying older people at high risk of deteriorating health, which is an important target for interdisciplinary intervention.
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Silva, Thiago Luiz do Vale, and Roni Valter De Souza Guedes. "Análise do Comportamento Atmosférico em Situação de Seca: Uma Abordagem Operacional para Pernambuco (Analysis of Atmospheric Behavior Under Drought Condition: An Operational Approach to Pernambuco)." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 5, no. 4 (December 10, 2012): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v5i4.232880.
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Devido à recorrência natural da seca no semiárido nordestino e suas consequências sociais e econômicas, torna-se necessário estudos e metodologias para avaliação do comportamento atmosférico durante estes tipos de eventos. Assim, análise operacional sobre a evolução da seca no estado de Pernambuco foi realizado utilizando dados de chuvas da Agência Pernambucana de Águas e Clima, com abordagem da influência dinâmica e termodinâmica da atmosfera. Os resultados foram avaliados mensalmente durante o período chuvoso do Sertão Pernambucano, e indicou que o principal fator que condicionou a ausência de chuva sobre todo o Estado foi as anomalias negativas de TSM no oceano Atlântico Sul, seguido pela presença de um anticiclone sobre o nordeste nos meses mais chuvosos do semiárido. Constatou-se que, apesar da ocorrência do fenômeno La Niña, seu efeito foi inibido pela configuração dinâmica moldada pelo Atlântico Sul e pelo gradiente meridional da TSM. Palavras-chave: Déficit hídrico, variabilidade climática, APAC. Analysis of Atmospheric Behavior Under Drought Condition: An Operational Approach to Pernambuco ABSTRACT Because of the natural drought recurrence in the Northeastern Semiarid and its social and economic consequences, there is a need for studies and methodologies in assessing atmospheric behavior during these kinds of events. Thus, an operational analysis on drought evolution in the state of Pernambuco was carried by using rainfall data from the state’s Water and Climate Agency (APAC), with an approach to atmospheric dynamics and thermodynamics. Results were evaluated on a monthly basis for the rainy season of the state’s semi-arid region, known as Sertão Pernambuco, and indicated that the main conditioning factor in rain scarcity throughout the state was the negative SST anomalies in the South Atlantic Ocean, followed by the presence of an anticyclone over the Northeast of Brazil during the semiarid rainy season. It was observed that, despite the occurrence of a La Niña event, its effects were inhibited by the dynamic configuration molded by the South Atlantic and north-south SST anomalies. Keywords: Water deficit, climate variability, APAC.
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Mitrofanova, Anastasia V. "Orthodox actors and equal opportunities policies in the Republic of Moldova in the context of the transformation of post-Soviet societies." Approaching Religion 9, no. 1–2 (October 23, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.30664/ar.82787.
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This article examines how the key Orthodox actors in Moldova have reacted to challenging equal opportunities legislation. The author suggests, on the basis of an economic approach to religion, that under the conditions of a deregulated religious market they use various strategies to promote their agendas. The Moldovan Orthodox Church (the Metropolitanate of Moldova), autonomous within the Russian Orthodox Church, previously relied on making private bargains with the government; but this policy ended with the adoption of the 2013 Law on Ensuring Equality in the Republic of Moldova. Now the Metropolitanate tries to assimilate the strategies of direct action, but without success. The so-called ‘non-mentioning’ radicals, technically being part of the Metropolitanate of Moldova, but not praying for its bishop, are involved in direct political activism – from setting up protest camps to street fighting – to confront de-stigmatization of homosexuality. The Bessarabian Metropolitanate of the Romanian Orthodox Church utilizes the strategies of European ‘public’ churches and gains influence through performing some useful social functions. This article concludes that all actors have their own advantages and weaknesses; nevertheless, so far the Metropolitanate of Moldova remains the strongest; while the other competitors are serving specific religious niches, it is this body which still possesses the potential to influence society more broadly.
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Nalivaico, Nicolai. "New approaches to prophylactic radiological examinations in the active detection of tuberculosis and non-respiratory diseases in the current conditions." Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. Medical Sciences 69, no. 1 (May 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2021.1-69.05.
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Prophylactic radiological examinations were performed on the population of 54893 people from risk groups and increased vigilance for tuberculosis in different administrative territories of the Republic of Moldova. The structure of the medico-social unfavorable factors in 18223 persons was evaluated. Out of 357 patients with evolutionary pulmonary tuberculosis, with prophylactic purpose, 176 patients were detected, most of them in 95 or 54.0% cases — within this project with the mobile digital radiodiagnostic complexes shipped to different administrative territories of the Republic of Moldova.