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Journal articles on the topic 'Molecular switching elements'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Wu, Yaming, Liren Liu, and Zhijiang Wang. "Optical crossbar elements used for switching networks." Applied Optics 33, no. 2 (1994): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.33.000175.

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2

Rajewski, Remigiusz. "The Optical Signal-to-Crosstalk Ratio for the MBA(N, e, g) Switching Fabric †." Sensors 21, no. 4 (2021): 1534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21041534.

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The banyan-type switching networks, well known in switching theory and called the logdN switching fabrics, are composed of symmetrical switching elements of size d×d. In turn, the modified baseline architecture, called the MBA(N,e,g), is only partially built from symmetrical optical switching elements, and it is constructed mostly from asymmetrical optical switching elements. Recently, it was shown that the MBA(N,e,g) structure requires a lower number of passive as well as active optical elements than the banyan-type switching fabric of the same capacity and functionality, which makes it an at
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3

Wingreen, Ned S., and Eugen Schenfeld. "Size–speed trade-off in optical switching elements." Applied Optics 34, no. 26 (1995): 5907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.34.005907.

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4

Simonović, Svetomir. "SOME PROSPECTIVE ELEMENTS OF A NANOFACTORY." International Journal "Advanced Quality" 45, no. 1 (2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.25137/ijaq.n1.v45.y2017.p41-48.

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Nanomanipulation capabilities of scanning probe devices have progressed in the terms of degree-of-freedom available for manipulation, but problems of durable and badly made nanomanipulation have remained. So, it seems reasonably to use biologically based nanomachines in order to form a nanofactory. In this sense, proteins and DNA or their assemblies can be used as nanomachines or their parts. Motor proteins, DNA walkers and flagella motor are described here as examples thereof, but here the problem of movement control appears. Switching molecular devices are described that can be employed as c
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5

Paßens, M., and S. Karthäuser. "Rotational switches in the two-dimensional fullerene quasicrystal." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 75, no. 1 (2019): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273318015681.

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One of the essential components of molecular electronic circuits are switching elements that are stable in two different states and can ideally be switched on and off many times. Here, distinct buckminsterfullerenes within a self-assembled monolayer, forming a two-dimensional dodecagonal quasicrystal on a Pt-terminated Pt3Ti(111) surface, are identified to form well separated molecular rotational switching elements. Employing scanning tunneling microscopy, the molecular-orbital appearance of the fullerenes in the quasicrystalline monolayer is resolved. Thus, fullerenes adsorbed on the 36 verte
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Tverdislov, V. "SYMMETRY BREAKING IS THE PHYSICAL BASIS FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF "USEFUL WORK" BY BIOLOGICAL MOLECULAR MACHINES." Russian Journal of Biological Physics and Chemisrty 7, no. 4 (2022): 552–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/rusjbpc.2022.0559.

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The physical basis for the functioning of living systems are molecular machines. The performance of "useful work" is the essence of their biological functions. Molecular machines are chiral hierarchically organized devices (constructions). They cyclically transform the form of energy by changing or switching symmetries in its chiral structural elements, which just realize the selected “quasi-mechanical” degrees of freedom in them. The phenomenon of chirality allows the formation of discrete chirally sign-alternating hierarchies of structures in macromolecular machines in the process of folding
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7

Firth, W., and I. Galbraith. "Diffusive transverse coupling of bistable elements - Switching waves and crosstalk." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 21, no. 9 (1985): 1399–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jqe.1985.1072842.

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8

Kawai-Kowase, Keiko, and Gary K. Owens. "Multiple repressor pathways contribute to phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 292, no. 1 (2007): C59—C69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00394.2006.

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Smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation is an essential component of vascular development and these cells perform biosynthetic, proliferative, and contractile roles in the vessel wall. SMCs are not terminally differentiated and possess the ability to modulate their phenotype in response to changing local environmental cues. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in controlling phenotypic switching of SMC with particular focus on examination of processes that contribute to the repression of SMC marker genes. We disc
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9

Richardson, Harvey, and Eitan Abraham. "Effect of pixelation on the switching speeds of InSb bistable elements." Journal of the Optical Society of America B 7, no. 6 (1990): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josab.7.001051.

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10

Khoo, I. C., Andres Diaz, J. Ding, K. Chen, and Y. Zhang. "Collective and Individual Molecular Nonlinear Photonics of Liquid Crystals." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 12, no. 02 (2003): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863503001390.

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This review will examine the origins of nonlinear light scattering processes in nematic liquid crystals, and explore various nonlinear photonic processes associated with optically induced director axis reorientation effects. Our theoretical prediction shows that the upper limit of nematic liquid crystal reorientation nonlinearity can be as high as 1000 cm2/W. The supra-nonlinear responses of nematic liquid crystals enable various self-action or electro-optical guiding, mixing, switching and modulation of light with unprecedented low power thresholds. Owing to the broadband birefringence of NLC
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11

Christgen, Matthias, Stephan Bartels, Jana L. van Luttikhuizen, et al. "E-cadherin to P-cadherin switching in lobular breast cancer with tubular elements." Modern Pathology 33, no. 12 (2020): 2483–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41379-020-0591-3.

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AbstractLoss of E-cadherin expression due to mutation of the CDH1 gene is a characteristic feature of invasive lobular breast cancer (ILBC). Beta-catenin, which binds to the cytoplasmic domain of E-cadherin, is simultaneously downregulated, reflecting disassembly of adherens junctions (AJs) and loss of cell adhesion. E-cadherin to P-cadherin expression switching can rescue AJs and cell adhesion. However, P-cadherin has not been implicated in ILBC, so far. We aimed to characterize 13 ILBCs with exceptional histomorphology, which we termed ILBCs with tubular elements. The CDH1 mutational status
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12

Luis Galbete, José, Montserrat Buceta, and Nicolas Mermod. "MAR elements regulate the probability of epigenetic switching between active and inactive gene expression." Mol. BioSyst. 5, no. 2 (2009): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b813657b.

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13

GLAW, V., K. JANIAK, A. KUMMROW, V. PENSCHKE, and H. J. EICHLER. "THERMAL RELAXATION TIMES OF BISTABLE THIN FILM ELEMENTS." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 02, no. 02 (1993): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218199193000127.

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The heat flow in evaporated thin film interference filters with CdS spacer and an optional CdSe absorption layer is investigated, analyzing the dynamics of optical bistability. The influence of the spot radius r of the exciting laser beam on the switching parameters is studied experimentally and theoretically. The response to pulsed excitation of the bistable devices can be described with a relaxation time τ~r and an effective nonlinearity χ~r−2 which is inversely proportional to the heat capacity of the bistable element.
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14

Yuen, Piu-Hung, and Lian-Kuan Chen. "Optimization of Microring-Based Interconnection by Leveraging the Asymmetric Behaviors of Switching Elements." Journal of Lightwave Technology 31, no. 10 (2013): 1585–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2013.2253761.

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15

Huang, Yishen, Qixiang Cheng, Yu-Han Hung, et al. "Multi-Stage 8 × 8 Silicon Photonic Switch Based on Dual-Microring Switching Elements." Journal of Lightwave Technology 38, no. 2 (2020): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jlt.2019.2945941.

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16

Haile, D. J., M. W. Hentze, T. A. Rouault, J. B. Harford, and R. D. Klausner. "Regulation of interaction of the iron-responsive element binding protein with iron-responsive RNA elements." Molecular and Cellular Biology 9, no. 11 (1989): 5055–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.9.11.5055-5061.1989.

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The 5' untranslated region of the ferritin heavy-chain mRNA contains a stem-loop structure called an iron-responsive element (IRE), that is solely responsible for the iron-mediated control of ferritin translation. A 90-kilodalton protein, called the IRE binding protein (IRE-BP), binds to the IRE and acts as a translational repressor. IREs also explain the iron-dependent control of the degradation of the mRNA encoding the transferrin receptor. Scatchard analysis reveals that the IRE-BP exists in two states, each of which is able to specifically interact with the IRE. The higher-affinity state h
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17

Harju, Susanna, Kellie J. McQueen та Kenneth R. Peterson. "Chromatin Structure and Control of β-Like Globin Gene Switching". Experimental Biology and Medicine 227, № 9 (2002): 683–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153537020222700902.

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The human β-globin locus is a complex genetic system widely used for analysis of eukaryotic gene expression. The locus consists of five functional β-like globin genes, ε, Gγ, Aγ, δ, and β, arrayed on the chromosome in the order that they are expressed during ontogeny. Globin gene expression is regulated, in part, by the locus control region, which physically consists of five DNasel-hypersensitive sites located 6-22 Kb upstream of the ε-globin gene. During ontogeny two switches occur in β-globin gene expression that reflect the changing oxygen requirements of the fetus. The first switch from em
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18

Okamoto, Masahiro, and Katsuya Hayashi. "Network study of integrated biochemical switching system I: Connection of basic elements." Biosystems 24, no. 1 (1990): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0303-2647(90)90028-y.

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19

DeZazzo, J. D., E. Falck-Pedersen, and M. J. Imperiale. "Sequences regulating temporal poly(A) site switching in the adenovirus major late transcription unit." Molecular and Cellular Biology 11, no. 12 (1991): 5977–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.11.12.5977-5984.1991.

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Temporal regulation of poly(A) site choice occurs in an adenovirus recombinant encoding a miniature version of the major late transcription unit with two poly(A) sites, L1 and L3. Using deletion mutagenesis, we have looked directly for cis-acting elements regulating poly(A) site choice in this recombinant. From this work, we draw two main conclusions. First, elements other than the AAUAAA and downstream sequences of the L1 poly(A) site are required for temporal regulation of poly(A) site choice during infection. Second, these regions function in two distinct modes during infection. The two reg
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20

Schwider, J., W. Stork, N. Streibl, and R. Vökel. "Possibilities and limitations of space-variant holographic optical elements for switching networks and general interconnects." Applied Optics 31, no. 35 (1992): 7403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.31.007403.

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21

Kocábová, Jana, František Vavrek, Štěpánka Nováková Lachmanová, Jakub Šebera, Michal Valášek, and Magdaléna Hromadová. "Self-Assembled Monolayers of Molecular Conductors with Terpyridine-Metal Redox Switching Elements: A Combined AFM, STM and Electrochemical Study." Molecules 27, no. 23 (2022): 8320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238320.

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Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of terpyridine-based transition metal (ruthenium and osmium) complexes, anchored to gold substrate via tripodal anchoring groups, have been investigated as possible redox switching elements for molecular electronics. An electrochemical study was complemented by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) methods. STM was used for determination of the SAM conductance values, and computation of the attenuation factor β from tunneling current–distance curves. We have shown that SAMs of Os-tripod molecules contain larger adlayer structures
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22

Rank, Gerhard, Matthias Prestel, and Renato Paro. "Transcription through Intergenic Chromosomal Memory Elements of the Drosophila Bithorax Complex Correlates with an Epigenetic Switch." Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, no. 22 (2002): 8026–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.22.8026-8034.2002.

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ABSTRACT The proteins of the trithorax and Polycomb groups maintain the differential expression pattern of homeotic genes established by the early embryonic patterning system during development. These proteins generate stable and heritable chromatin structures by acting via particular chromosomal memory elements. We established a transgenic assay system showing that the Polycomb group response elements bxd and Mcp confer epigenetic inheritance throughout development. With previously published data for the Fab7 cellular memory module, we confirmed the cellular memory function of Polycomb group
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23

Ebbs, Erika T., Eric S. Loker, Lijing Bu, et al. "Phylogenomics and Diversification of the Schistosomatidae Based on Targeted Sequence Capture of Ultra-Conserved Elements." Pathogens 11, no. 7 (2022): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11070769.

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Schistosomatidae Stiles and Hassall 1898 is a medically significant family of digenetic trematodes (Trematoda: Digenea), members of which infect mammals or birds as definitive hosts and aquatic or amphibious gastropods as intermediate hosts. Currently, there are 17 named genera, for many of which evolutionary interrelationships remain unresolved. The lack of a resolved phylogeny has encumbered our understanding of schistosomatid evolution, specifically patterns of host-use and the role of host-switching in diversification. Here, we used targeted sequence capture of ultra-conserved elements (UC
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24

Hrbac, Roman, Libor Hrdina, Vaclav Kolar, et al. "Innovative Bidirectional Isolated High-Power Density On-Board Charge for Vehicle-to-Grid." Sensors 22, no. 21 (2022): 8473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22218473.

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This paper deals with developing and implementing a bidirectional galvanically isolated on-board charger of a high-power density. The power density of the new charger was 4 kW/kg and 2.46 kW/dm3, and the maximum efficiency was 96.4% at 3.4 kW. Due to the requirement to achieve a high-power density, a single-stage inverter topology was used. Regarding switching losses, due to the topology of the circuit with so-called hard switching, the switching frequency was set to 150 kHz. A laboratory prototype was built to verify the properties and operating principles of the described charger topology. T
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25

Sözer, Edin Güçlü, İbrahim Uzpeder, and Hakan Özcan. "The role of services mix and value-based benefits on customer switching intention: A study on online food delivery services platforms." Business & Management Studies: An International Journal 11, no. 2 (2023): 640–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v11i2.2250.

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Increased mobile technology adoption, the convenience of one-click shopping using mobile apps, and the rise of the COVID-19 pandemic have shifted consumer preferences, habits, and priorities in their communication, transaction, and consumption processes. As a reflection of these changes, the growth of the online food delivery (OFD) market has gained tremendous momentum in the last couple of years. Unlike physical store retail services and non-food item delivery services, OFD services require adapting the retail service mix. This study aims to generate a holistic view of OFD service marketing b
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26

Chern, Jyh-Long, and John K. McIver. "Switching types and all-optical flip-flop operations in a ring cavity with four nonlinear elements." Optics Letters 15, no. 3 (1990): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.15.000186.

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27

Dabrazhynetskaya, Alena, Therese Brendler, Xinhua Ji, and Stuart Austin. "Switching Protein-DNA Recognition Specificity by Single-Amino-Acid Substitutions in the P1 par Family of Plasmid Partition Elements." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 4 (2008): 1126–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01358-08.

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ABSTRACT The P1, P7, and pMT1 par systems are members of the P1 par family of plasmid partition elements. Each has a ParA ATPase and a ParB protein that recognizes the parS partition site of its own plasmid type to promote the active segregation of the plasmid DNA to daughter cells. ParB contacts two parS motifs known as BoxA and BoxB, the latter of which determines species specificity. We found that the substitution of a single orthologous amino acid in ParB for that of a different species has major effects on the specificity of recognition. A single change in ParB can cause a complete switch
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28

Rehman, Atiq Ur, Yousuf Khan, Muhammad Irfan, Muhammad A. Butt, Svetlana N. Khonina, and Nikolay L. Kazanskiy. "A Novel Design of Optical Switch Based on Guided Mode Resonances in Dielectric Photonic Crystal Structures." Photonics 9, no. 8 (2022): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9080580.

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In this work, a novel idea of optical switch design based on guided mode resonance in the photonic crystal structure is numerically investigated. The designed switching device work on the principle of optical amplification and wavelength shift of data signal with the help of a control signal. The data signal can be coupled into the waveguide using guided-mode resonance, whereas, a control signal is index-coupled into the waveguide to influence the data signal. The optical switching action is optimized by introducing a photonic crystal cavity and varying the number of photonic crystal elements,
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29

Wilmes-Riesenberg, M. R., and B. L. Wanner. "TnphoA and TnphoA' elements for making and switching fusions for study of transcription, translation, and cell surface localization." Journal of Bacteriology 174, no. 14 (1992): 4558–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.174.14.4558-4575.1992.

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30

Wang, Chaoyang, Zhuoxing Shi, Qingpei Huang, et al. "Single-cell analysis of isoform switching and transposable element expression during preimplantation embryonic development." PLOS Biology 22, no. 2 (2024): e3002505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3002505.

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Alternative splicing is an essential regulatory mechanism for development and pathogenesis. Through alternative splicing one gene can encode multiple isoforms and be translated into proteins with different functions. Therefore, this diversity is an important dimension to understand the molecular mechanism governing embryo development. Isoform expression in preimplantation embryos has been extensively investigated, leading to the discovery of new isoforms. However, the dynamics of isoform switching of different types of transcripts throughout the development remains unexplored. Here, using sing
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31

Chan, Fung-Yee, Judith Robinson, Alison Brownlie та ін. "Characterization of Adult α- and β-Globin Genes in the Zebrafish". Blood 89, № 2 (1997): 688–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v89.2.688.

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Abstract Developmental switching of hemoglobins (Hbs) occurs in most vertebrates, yet the cellular and molecular basis for this process remains elusive. The zebrafish is a new genetic and developmental system that can be used to study embryogenesis, and mutants with a variety of defects in hematopoiesis have recently been derived. To initiate our studies on Hb switching in this organism, we have characterized the globins expressed in the adult. Reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometric analyses of adult peripheral blood hemolysates showed that there are three
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32

Ballantyne, Jack, Diane L. Henry, Jurgen R. Muller, et al. "Efficient Recombination of a Switch Substrate Retrovector in CD40-Activated B Lymphocytes: Implications for the Control of CH Gene Switch Recombination." Journal of Immunology 161, no. 3 (1998): 1336–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.161.3.1336.

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Abstract Maturing B lymphocytes possess a recombination activity that switches the class of heavy chain Ig. The nature of the recombination activity, its molecular requirements and regulation remain elusive questions about B lymphocyte biology and development. Class switch recombination is controlled by cytokine response elements that are required to differentially activate CH gene transcription before their subsequent recombination. Here, we show that cultures of purified murine and human B cells, stimulated only by CD40 receptor engagement, possess a potent switch recombination activity. CD4
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33

Sabatino, Denise E., Amanda P. Cline, Patrick G. Gallagher та ін. "Substitution of the Human β-Spectrin Promoter for the Human Aγ-Globin Promoter Prevents Silencing of a Linked Human β-Globin Gene in Transgenic Mice". Molecular and Cellular Biology 18, № 11 (1998): 6634–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.18.11.6634.

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ABSTRACT During development, changes occur in both the sites of erythropoiesis and the globin genes expressed at each developmental stage. Previous work has shown that high-level expression of human β-like globin genes in transgenic mice requires the presence of the locus control region (LCR). Models of hemoglobin switching propose that the LCR and/or stage-specific elements interact with globin gene sequences to activate specific genes in erythroid cells. To test these models, we generated transgenic mice which contain the human Aγ-globin gene linked to a 576-bp fragment containing the human
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34

Jin, Lingzhi, Wenjuan Xu, Yangzhou Qian, et al. "High-Performance Multilevel and Ambipolar Nonvolatile Organic Transistor Memory Using Small-Molecule SFDBAO and PS as Charge Trapping Elements." Nanomaterials 15, no. 14 (2025): 1072. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15141072.

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Organic nonvolatile transistor memories (ONVMs) using a hybrid spiro [fluorene-9,7′-dibenzo [c, h] acridine]-5′-one (SFDBAO)/polystyrene (PS) film as bulk-heterojunction-like tunneling and trapping elements were fabricated. From the characterization of the 10% SFDBAO/PS based on ONVM, a sterically hindered small-molecule SFDBAO with rigid orthogonal configuration and a donor–acceptor (D-A) structure as a molecular-scale charge storage element demonstrated significantly higher charge trapping ability than other small-molecule materials such as C60 and Alq3. The ONVM based on 10% SFDBAO/PS prese
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35

Zhang, Zijian, Yiyang Wang, Xinlong Luo, Xiaomei Zhan, Jun Ding, and Tao P. Wu. "Abstract 5862: Retrotransposable elements mediate the drug-tolerant persistence in claudin-low breast cancer chemo-treatment." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 5862. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-5862.

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Abstract The emergence of acquired drug resistance through treatment remains a critical threat to efficient cancer therapies, which most often lead to relapse and metastasis. The development of resistance is an evolutionary adaptation process that heavily depends on tumor heterogeneity (underpinned by cellular plasticity). Therefore, a longitudinal deconvolution of treatment adaptation is critical to uncover the driving-force mechanisms underpinning resistance adaptation. In the clinic, chemotherapy remains the mainstream treatment for TNBC, and one of the primary chemo-agents is doxorubicin.
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Герасимов, I. Gerasimov, Яшин, and A. Yashin. "Ion-Molecular Memory Model. Memory Structure, its Bandwidth, the Switches and the Controllers of Information." Journal of New Medical Technologies 21, no. 3 (2014): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/5933.

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This paper discusses the memory structure in its basic characteristics: bandwidth, switching and "dispatching" of information flows in the system memory organization. Bandwidth is associated with the filtering of information flows; in the radiophysics analogy – as "signal -noise". Selection of information should be made according to its energy content. For completeness and detail of the developed model of memory, the authors introduced the concept of switches and memory controllers, as the molecular, cellular and other compounds that distribute (send) useful inf
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Kozak, Maciej, Artur Bejger, and Arkadiusz Tomczak. "Identification of Gate Turn-Off Thyristor Switching Patterns Using Acoustic Emission Sensors." Sensors 21, no. 1 (2020): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21010070.

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Modern seagoing ships are often equipped with converters which utilize semiconductor power electronics devices like thyristors or power transistors. Most of them are used in driving applications such as powerful main propulsion plants, auxiliary podded drives and thrusters. When it comes to main propulsion drives the power gets seriously high, thus the need for use of medium voltage power electronics devices arises. As it turns out, power electronic parts are the most susceptible to faults or failures in the whole electric drive system. These devices require efficient cooling, so manufacturers
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Gazouli, Maria, Elena Katsantoni, Theodore Kosteas та Nicholas P. Anagnou. "Persistent Human γ-Globin Expression in Adult Transgenic Mice Following Selective Deletion of Two Repressor Elements Located 3′ to the Aγ-Globin Gene." Blood 108, № 11 (2006): 1585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.1585.1585.

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Abstract Adult β-globin gene expression is tightly regulated during development and hematopoiesis. The human globin genes undergoing two developmental switches are regulated by a complex interplay between cis-acting elements and stage-specific trans-acting factors. Understanding the molecular basis of globin gene switching is of particular interest as persistent expression of the fetal γ-globin genes in the adult ameliorates the effects of hemoglobinopathies. Natural occurring deletions within the human β-globin gene cluster lead to specific clinical syndromes characterized by increased produc
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39

Navas, Patrick A., Yongqi Yan, Minerva E. Sanchez, Ericka M. Johnson, and George Stamatoyannopoulos. "Talen-Mediated Knock Outs Of Cis and Trans Elements Potentially Involved In Globin Gene Switching." Blood 122, no. 21 (2013): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.436.436.

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Abstract Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) are engineered proteins used for precise genome editing by generating specific DNA double strand that are repaired by homologous recombination and by non-homologous end joining. TALENs can be used to study gene regulation by deleting putative regulatory elements in the context of the native chromosome and measuring mRNA synthesis. We designed TALENs to delete individual DNAse I-hypersensitive sites (HS) of the β-globin locus control region (LCR) followed by an assessment of globin gene expression and assessment of epigenetic effe
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40

Kiechle, Markus, Anna A. Friedl, Palaniyandi Manivasakam, Friederike Eckardt-Schupp, and Robert H. Schiestl. "DNA Integration by Ty Integrase in yku70Mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 20, no. 23 (2000): 8836–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.20.23.8836-8844.2000.

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ABSTRACT In the present work we examined nonhomologous integration of plasmid DNA in a yku70 mutant. Ten of 14 plasmids integrated as composite elements, including Ty sequences probably originating from erroneous strand-switching and/or priming events. Three additional plasmids integrated via Ty integrase without cointegrating Ty sequences, as inferred from 5-bp target site duplication and integration site preferences. Ty integrase-mediated integration of non-Ty DNA has never been observed in wild-type cells, although purified integrase is capable of using non-Ty DNA as a substrate in vitro. H
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41

Gorkunov, Maxim V., Artur R. Geivandov, Alena V. Mamonova, et al. "Non-Mechanical Multiplexed Beam-Steering Elements Based on Double-Sided Liquid Crystal Metasurfaces." Photonics 9, no. 12 (2022): 986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9120986.

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We propose, optimize, fabricate and test beam-steering elements based on double-sided liquid-crystal (LC) metasurfaces allowing for diffractive and spectral multiplexing, and thus covering three different beam deflection directions each. While straightforward parallel design requires one diffractive beam-steering element per a direction determined by Bragg’s law, double-sided LC-metasurfaces are remarkably flexible and allow optimization for three operation modes at different applied voltages: zero-voltage mode with dominant +1 order red light and +2 order blue light diffraction; intermediate
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42

Kim, Hyun Suk, Joon Seok Park, Tae Sang Kim, et al. "Defect Control in Zinc Oxynitride Semiconductor for High-Performance and High-Stability Thin-Film Transistors." Solid State Phenomena 205-206 (October 2013): 446–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.205-206.446.

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The fabrication of thin-film transistor devices incorporating active semiconductors based on zinc oxynitride (ZnON) compound is presented. It is demonstrated that the addition of appropriate dopant, gallium, in ZnON, suppresses the formation of shallow donor, nitrogen vacancies, and significantly improves electrical characteristics of the resulting TFT. The Ga:ZnON devices with field-effect mobility values exceeding 50 cm2/Vs are achieved, which makes them suitable as switching or driving elements in next-generation flat-panel displays.
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43

Genov, Nikolai, Alireza Basti, Mónica Abreu, and Angela Relógio. "Temporal Splicing Switches in Elements of the TNF-Pathway Identified by Computational Analysis of Transcriptome Data for Human Cell Lines." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 5 (2019): 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051182.

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Alternative splicing plays an important role in numerous cellular processes and aberrant splice decisions are associated with cancer. Although some studies point to a regulation of alternative splicing and its effector mechanisms in a time-dependent manner, the extent and consequences of such a regulation remains poorly understood. In the present work, we investigated the time-dependent production of isoforms in two Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines of different progression stages (HD-MY-Z, stage IIIb and L-1236, stage IV) compared to a B lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL-HO) with a focus on tumour necr
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44

Matko, Vojko. "Multiple Quartz Crystals Connected in Parallel for High-Resolution Sensing of Capacitance Changes." Sensors 22, no. 13 (2022): 5030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22135030.

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We present a new highly sensitive, low-value capacitance sensor method that uses multiple quartz crystals connected in parallel inside the oscillator. In the experimental setup, the measured (sensible) reactance (capacitance) is connected in parallel to the total shunt capacitance of the quartz crystals, oscillating in the oscillator. Because AT-cut crystals have a certain nonlinear frequency–temperature dependence, we use the switching mode method, by which we achieve a temperature compensation of the AT-cut crystals’ frequency–temperature characteristics in the temperature range between 0–50
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45

Golovin, Andrii. "Smectic-A-filled birefringent elements and fast switching twisted dual-frequency nematic cells used for digital light deflection." Optical Engineering 45, no. 4 (2006): 044002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.2192520.

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46

Mazur, Krzysztof, Jaroslaw Rzepecki, Anna Pietruszewska, Stanislaw Wrona, and Marek Pawelczyk. "Vibroacoustical Performance Analysis of a Rigid Device Casing with Piezoelectric Shunt Damping." Sensors 21, no. 7 (2021): 2517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072517.

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Noise and vibration are common issues that may have a negative impact on human’s’ health. To minimize their consequences, several vibroacoustical methods may be employed. One well-known method is Piezoelectric Shunt Damping (PSD). Over the years, many approaches have been investigated, from passive, state switching circuits to active pulse-switching. In this paper, the authors propose three PSD implementations—passive Synchronized Switch Damping on Inductor (SSDI), semi-active SSDI and active Synchronized Switch Damping on Voltage source (SSDV)—for a single-panel structure mounted on a rigid-f
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47

Lin, Yue, Di Jiang, Yuan Chen, Xiang Li, and Qi Qiu. "Reconfigurable Microwave Multi-Beamforming Based on Optical Switching and Distributing Network." Photonics 11, no. 1 (2024): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010065.

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Optical beamforming in microwave photonics is promising for supporting broadband wireless communications. However, the current optical beamforming lacks freedom because of the fixed connection between radio frequency (RF) signal and antenna elements (AEs). This manuscript tackles this challenge by proposing a dynamical optical beamforming architecture that reconfigures the antenna subarray for signal transmission depending on the number of signals to be transmitted. The proposed architecture employs an optical switching and distributing network (SDN) to realize a flexible connection between si
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48

Ramírez Arroyave, Germán Augusto, Antoni Barlabé, Lluís Pradell, Javier Leonardo Araque Quijano, Bedri A. Cetiner, and Luis Jofre-Roca. "Design of Minimum Nonlinear Distortion Reconfigurable Antennas for Next-Generation Communication Systems." Sensors 21, no. 7 (2021): 2557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072557.

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Nonlinear effects in the radio front-end can degrade communication quality and system performance. In this paper we present a new design technique for reconfigurable antennas that minimizes the nonlinear distortion and maximizes power efficiency through the minimization of the coupling between the internal switching ports and the external feeding ports. As a nonlinear design and validation instance, we present the nonlinear characterization up to 50 GHz of a PIN diode commonly used as a switch for reconfigurable devices in the microwave band. Nonlinear models are extracted through X-parameter
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49

Shin, Eunjung, Qianying Ye, and Sung-Jae Lee. "Active Transposition of Insertion Sequences in Prokaryotes: Insights from the Response of Deinococcus geothermalis to Oxidative Stress." Antioxidants 11, no. 3 (2022): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11030481.

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Bacterial genomes contain numerous insertion sequences (ISs) as transposable elements involved in actions such as the sequestration, transmission, mutation and activation of genes that can influence the responsive capacity of the organism to environmental challenges. To date, at least 30 IS families have been identified. In this review, we describe how certain ISs are transposed to carotenoid biosynthesis genes, such as phytoene synthase and phytoene desaturase, when radiation-resistant Deinococcus geothermalis with a redox imbalance and a targeted gene disruption mutation is exposed to oxidat
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Lee, Bum-Soo, Shiv I. S. Grewal, and Amar J. S. Klar. "Biochemical Interactions between Proteins and mat1 cis-Acting Sequences Required for Imprinting in Fission Yeast." Molecular and Cellular Biology 24, no. 22 (2004): 9813–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.24.22.9813-9822.2004.

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ABSTRACT DNA recombination required for mating type (mat1) switching in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is initiated by mat1 imprinting. The imprinting event is regulated by mat1 cis-acting elements and by several trans-acting factors, including swi1 (for switch), swi3, swi7, and sap1. swi1 and swi3 were previously shown to function in dictating unidirectional mat1 DNA replication by controlling replication fork movement around the mat1 region and, second, by pausing fork progression around the imprint site. With biochemical studies, we investigated whether the trans-acting factors function indirect
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