Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Monarchie – Espagne – 16e siècle'
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Tarruell, Cecilia. "Circulations entre Chrétienté et Islam : captivité et esclavage des serviteurs de la Monarchie hispanique (ca. 1574-1609)." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0116.
Full textThis dissertation addresses the phenomena of human mobility across the Mediterranean between Christian and Islamic lands during the late 16lh and early 17* centuries. In particular, it focuses on long-term Christian captivity and enslavement, taking into account cases of more than ten-year detentions spent in Islamic lands, especially in Morocco and the dominions of the Ottoman Empire. Based on information provided by formerly enslaved persons to the institutions of the Hispanic Monarchy in order to obtain allowances and other financial aids once they had returned to Christian lands, this work analyses the trajectories of these men and women from their capture to their liberation, considering also their conditions of* detention. Their paths, marked by an intense mobility, represent a testimony of the persistent tensions and violence that characterized the Early Modem Mediterranean. At the same time, they are also a proof of the fluid relations between the Northern and Southern, and the Eastern and Western Mediterranean, as well as a testimony of the mechanisms of coexistence developed by actors in contexts of adversity
Marquès, Guida. "L' invention du Brésil entre deux monarchies : gouvernement et pratiques politiques de l'Amérique portugaise dans l'union ibérique (1580-1640)." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0146.
Full textThis thesis examines the Imperial dimension of the Portugal and Castile union of crowns (1580-1640) from the Portuguese America, which experiments profound changes during this period. The question is to understand its change process, in its links to the situation created by the dynastic union, and to study their relationship and interactions. It intends to reveal how the Portuguese America belongs to this situation to examine the political and institutional changes across the Atlantic at the same lime as the brazilian problem's paradoxes, the evolution of the Portuguese America' s representation during thus period and the political learning of the colonization in Brazil. The question of the political comunication circuits and, more widely, of the comunication' s forms and uses between Portuguese America and the dynastie union, is the principal area of the research from which were analysed the representations, institutions and political practices linking Portuguese America to the dynastic union. This analysis takes place at the junction of the problematics of the dynastie union, of the colonization in the 17 th century, and of the connections between the Portuguese and Castilian empires
Vallejo, Gabriela. "Les caractères de l’identité : écrivains, imprimeurs et lecteurs en Nouvelle-Espagne (1571-1650)." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0011.
Full textThe kingdom of New Spain in the 16th century was a space of projection of European cultural ideas and techniques through the circulation of printed books and engravings. Nevertheless, the emigrants to the New World, along with a part of the native population, were able to go beyond the mere passive reception of these cultural means. In only one generation, such metropolis like Mexico and Puebla de los Angeles were able to consolidate a proper cultural background that from its specificity were in condition to adapt to the great intellectual and cultural currents to produce a particular view of the world that could also be understood by other regions that participated in this same process in Europe, America and Asia. This dissertation pretends to show how this kingdom transformed from a conquered land to a cultural centre of the written word, who were its main characters and how they defined themselves in relation to the Spanish Monarchy. Through this analysis we can verify to what point what happened in New Spain had the same rhythms as other central territories deeply related in an already globalized world
Fé, Canto Luis Fernando. "Oran (1732-1745) : les horizons maghrébins de la monarchie hispanique." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0099.
Full textThis thesis focuses above ail on the second era of Hispanic presence in Oran, during the years 1732-1745 to be more precise. It was during these years that the administration of King Philip V wanted to restore the system of life of old Oran. This will of restoration is the source of a historiographical questioning on the role of this town in the politics of the Spanish empire in the modern period. The analysis of this problem has allowed the criticism of the pertinence of certain concepts closely linked until now, to the history of these Spanish towns on the coasts of the Maghreb. The main concept is one of "Iimited occupation", used by F. Braudel. To which, the concept of "military revolution", made popular especially by G. Parker is associated. The criticism of these two notions proposes a more general framework for reflection on the history of the relations between Spain and the Maghreb from several axes: military history, political history and social history. From this critical comparison on different periods, new light is shed on Oran: a town at the heart of Mediterranean and imperial interests of eighteenth century Spain; a town with links to the Muslim population of the Oran region through negotiations with the Arab tribes and the use of targeted violence. After the conquest of Oran again in 1732 the Crown wanted to restore this system but certain structural changes such as the plague, the economical crisis and the war held back this wave of restoration in which social groups from old Oran were placed: the familias de Oran, the moros de paz and the mogataces
Glesener, Thomas. "La Garde du Roi : pouvoirs, élites et nations dans la monarchie hispanique (1700-1823)." Toulouse 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20066.
Full textIt has usually been considered that Philipp V used foreigners to reimplace Spanish nobles, notably in the army and in territorial administration, because of his profound mistrust towards local elites. This research is an attempt to appraise the validity of this interpretation, studying Flemish units’ officers of the royal guard. Reformed by 1701, this institution gave the opportunity to numerous Netherlands families to establish themselves permanently in Spain. Furthermore, all along the 18th century, a majority of territorial administration’s commanders came from the royal guard. Since then, the prosopographical analysis, based on private, administrative, and notarial sources, focuses on social and political dynamics which were set up around the institution. The aim is to understand the mechanisms of military elites’ professional mobility within the borbon State. This study challenges the relevance of a cleavage which would oppose "foreigners" and "Spaniards". Opposite, it emphasizes the importance of the fidelity to Philipp V built by a few families during the War of Succession. The king rewarded these family groups by giving them an institutional basis – the military household – which enabled them to monopolise main employments in the army and the territorial administration. The memory of "Philippism" allowed these families to remain powerful long after Philipp V’s death, being opposed to any reform of the privileged corps. When Charles IV, thanks to Godoy, finally managed to control them, the military oligarchy rose up in Aranjuez in 1808
André, Sylvain. "La Junta de Philippe II et le gouvernement de la Monarchie hispanique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3070.
Full textThis thesis intends to trace the history of the Junta of Philip II. Still little known by historians the Junta brought change into the way of governing and of understanding politics in Spain at the transition from the XVIth to the XVIIth century. Being inserted between the several stages of consultation and the royal decision, and by placing the action of its members at the heart of the daily management of cases, its influence deeply modified the way in which the traditional conciliar structure tried to respond to the uncertain stream of politics.The daily confrontation of the members of the Junta with the most diverse cases also gives the historian an overview of the government of the Monarchy. The multiple negotiation processes, the management of wide projects and the several reactions to contingencies reveal a political action more dependent on tensions and balances of power between the actors than on a firm will of the monarch. The Junta thus constitutes a valuable observatory of the construction of political choice at the end of the reign of Philip II. Aiming at emancipating itself from both the studies on governing institutions and the prosopographical approach, this work explores new paths of interpretation focused on the practices of government. Document production, office work organisation, creation of new tools of consultation: the Junta allows to understand better what the mechanisms of the polysynody were and how they evolved because of it
Carrió, Cataldi Leonardo Ariel. "Temps, science et empire : conceptions du temps au XVIe siècle dans les monarchies ibériques." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0136.
Full textWhat conceptual background and knowledge has enabled mankind to understand and organize its temporal experience allowing it to settle into the world, to find its place socially and physically and, from there to act in and on the world? By using what instruments and holding what books on its hands? In what kind of historical relationship to nature? My thesis explores these questions from a historical point of view and from an analytical perspective based on the history of sciences, techniques and knowledge, taking as a basis the study of a wide range of sources (nautical treatises, cosmographies, computistical treatises, maps and instruments), that were produced and in circulation during the 16th century in the Iberian monarchies. I put forward the working hypothesis that conceptions of time were plural and that the development of cosmography which was partly linked to the imperial expansion of the Iberian monarchies provided a privileged base from which to explore the world spatially and temporally. I propose to analyse the historical sources by examining different conceptions of time, rooted in the conceptual backgrounds of arithmetic, astrology and Christian spirituality, that coexist intertwined in what we can call a knot of time. My dissertation is divided into five sections, and explores these questions in two main parts. Whereas the first three sections set the general framework, analysing a large range of sources and spaces, the two last sections are focused on Jeronimo de Chaves (1523-1574), the first person to occupy the chair of cosmography at the House of Trade (Casa de la Contracion), in Seville in 1552
Voinier, Sarah. "Imago Philippi : recherches sur les représentations de Philippe II au cours du premier XVIIème siècle." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030070.
Full textDuring the Spanish Golden Century, the image of King Felipe II evolved with "public opinion". Felipe II's death meant representations of the monarch became more stable. They were, however, diverse enough to be deployed to many different subsequent ends. A part of the imagery supported the discourse of royal propaganda, which subsisted after his death. Felipe III's succession to the throne however invalidated absolutist forms of government which henceforth became considered as poorly adapted to the new realities of the Hispanic Monarchy. During this reign, new political practices emerged, following the rise of the Duke de Lerme; decision-making powers started being shared for the first time amongst the King's favourites. It is within this context that the denigration of Felipe II's image was able to flourish. The decline of an absolutist Hispanic monarchy, revealed by the powerful valido, fired conflicting theoretical debates, stoked by nostalgia for royal powers lost. The memorial program established during Felipe II's reign had been aimed at glorifying his image after his death. However, remembrance of the King was not only fostered by older contemporaries but also amongst Spanish scholars, especially following the fall of the Duke de Lerme. In the search to right the keeling ship of royalty and to reconnect with a glorious past, eyes turned once more to Felipe II and the imagery of his reign
Durán, Julián. "Prophétisme et opposition politique en Espagne à l'époque de Philippe II : le cas de la "Santa Cruz de la Restauración" (1587-1598)." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30059.
Full textThe ambition of this work is to study one aspect of the political opposition against Philip II, King of Spain (1558-1598), namely the machinations of a type of secret brotherhood, the Santa Cruz de la Restauración, founded by the followers of a young visionary from Madrid, Lucrecia de León whose prophetic dreams circulated in different circles from the Royal Court to the High Clergy. Lucrecia and her main supporters were arrested in May 1590 by the Toledo Holy Office under direct instructions from the King. For not only was Lucrecia predicting that Spain would be suddenly brought down in ruins in the near future by a coalition of its worst enemies, but she was also criticizing the King and his principal advisers in many aspects of their policies. By carrying out a detailed analysis of the trial records for several members of this brotherhood and by relating the unusual path of one of the most famous prophets of the time, Lucrecia's precursor, Miguel de Piedrola Beaumont, this work aims to improve our understanding of this strange circle of anti-establishment visionaries, in the last years of Philip II's reign. The careful scrutiny of the prophetic material contained in the 433 Lucrecia's dreams which are still available to us, shows that her discourse belongs to clearly identifiable prophetic traditions but that, by the use of new themes put forward in a new style, these traditions are being twisted to deliver a totally different message, more contemporary, more incisive, more politically efficient. Lucrecia's discourse, manipulated as it is by a circle of opponents to the royal policies, is the vibrant testimony that certain parts of Spanish society rejected the official propaganda showing the King as defender of the Catholic faith and of the Church. It also testifies to the deep sense of disenchantment shared by the majority of the Spanish people who see themselves as victims of their monarch's immoderate ambitions
Sénéchal, Antoine. "Par-delà le déclin et l’échec, une histoire aux confins de la Monarchie Hispanique : le préside d’Oran et de Mers el-Kébir des années 1670 aux années 1700." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0032.
Full textConquered by the Hispanic Monarchy at the very beginning of the 16th century, the places of Oran and Mers el-Kébir hosted an original border experience at the gates of the Maghreb. From its early moments to the present days, that presidio has been suffering from an ambiguous and biased consideration. Indeed, several historic records and the predominant historiographical discourses have both strengthened the solution of the concepts of decline, failure, crisis or obsolescence to describe and analyze the Hispanic undertaking and experience in Oran and the more general situation of the Spanish Empire at the turn of the 17th and 18th century. Everything would have been said then; there would be no need to linger deeply over what happened after that chronological turn.The first purpose of work consists in decrypting the scientific principles, the creation of hierarchies or the bias more ideological on which these discourses have been based, in order to unveil the filters laid upon the history of the presidio of Oran and Mers el-Kébir. A correlation and an entanglement, far from being insignificant, can in that case be perceived between the discourses about Spain or the Hispanic Monarchy, about the Mediterranean and about North Africa which defend the idea of a crisis or a decline since the end of the 16th century. An investigation freed from those filters has been undertaken mainly among the Spanish archives and libraries, in the light of the more or less recent historiographical advances which discuss the established knowledge about the Mediterranean, the Hispanic Monarchy, the North-African societies or the great Islamic powers of the Early Modern times. The pieces of archives read provide other accounts than decline, failure or crisis.From the zenith of the first Hispanic occupation of Oran and Mers el-Kébir, namely at the turn of the 17th and the 18th centuries, a period which has been quite avoided by the researches, this investigation suggests an alternative history first based on a Mediterranean (and Iberian-North-African) insight and then on an Hispanic one and based on conception of border situations and phenomena mindful of the effects of porosity and uncertainty. Contrary to most of the conclusions of the paradigm of the “occupation restreinte”, another image of the Hispanic border undertaking and experiences has been revealed. To go beyond the geographical and historiographical enclaving of that presidio, this investigation pays attention to the different manifestations and expansions of the “kingdom of Oran”, a wide human and material system into which entered the Hispanic project in West Algeria. Given the fundamental instability and uncertainty of that crossroad region of the Western Mediterranean, the Hispanic Monarchy under Charles II of Habsburg and Philippe V of Bourbon, itself subjected to the vicissitudes of a long and jolting resilience, embarked on a project of border domination which had been adjusted to its own resources and to the circumstances endured. Far from being anachronistic and incoherent, that border project deserves a deeper analysis of its results. So that the presidio of Oran and Mers el-Kébir had never been abandoned nor isolated from the Spanish Empire. To that extent, this investigation suggests a first approach of the galaxy of the varied forces compromised in the conservation of the presidio until the defeat during the siege of 1707-1708
Loureiro, Marcello José Gomes. "Iustitiam Dare. A Gestão da Monarquia Pluricontinental : Conselhos Superiores, pactos, articulações e o governo da monarquia portuguesa (1640-1668)." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0149.
Full textAfter the restoration of december 1640, the theme of government by the councils (or courts) was recurrent in the administration of the portuguese monarchy. Therefore, it has become a matter of great debate in the literature. The main purpose of this thesis is to show the importance of government by councils in the portuguese monarchy and to link this model of deliberation to the idea of agreed monarchy. The studied period were the years following december's restoration
Entin, Gabriel. "La République en Amérique hispanique : langages politiques et construction de la communauté au Rio de La Plata, entre monarchie catholique et révolution d'indépendance." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0146.
Full textDuring Spanish America's early nineteenth century revolutions, more than twenty republics were organized after three hundred years of monarchy. Rather than a political form of government, the republic referred to the constitution of a new community, and to a language of politic al liberty, virtue, patriotism and common good. The construction of the republic belongs to a long history of the res publica, first conceived by Cicero, and reformulated in different Atlantic world contexts, including that of the Spanish monarchy. The theory of the res publica is based on what is done by a group of men, a political community: the law; the patria; citizenship; and religion. This conceptualization of the res publica, which had been put into practice in the rebellions of the seventeenth-century United Provinces (Netherlands) against Spain, also emerged in the writings of Hispanic monarchical jurists and theologians. References to the republic as a political body shaped an anti-absolutist discourse subsequently silenced during the Bourbon dynasty. With the monarchical crisis caused by the royal abdications in 1808, a scenario of political experimentation focused in the cities is created; an experimentation that turns over the exceptional problem of representing an absent King. In Spanish America, the first governing assemblies sought to represent the territories of the viceroyalties, initiating revolution and war. The case of the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata and its revolutionaries, republicans and Catholics at the same time, highlights the tensions and ambiguities inherent in building a disembodied republic. It also exemplifies the main aspects of Latin America republicanism
Hanotin, Guillaume. "Au service de deux rois : l’ambassadeur Amelot et l’Union des couronnes (1705-1709)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040246.
Full textThis thesis shows how in 1700 the death in Madrid of Charles II, King of Spain, followed by the ascension of the duke ofAnjou, grandson of Louis XIV, to the Spanish throne, led to a complete and complex reorganisation of the relationshipbetween the French and Spanish monarchies. After decades of rivalry, these two kingdoms with sovereigns coming from thesame lineage turned into allies. For many Europeans states, these changes in the European balance of power and thepossibility of the rebirth of an empire – similar to the one created by Charles V – for the benefit of Louis XIV was perceivedas a threat.The expression «The Two Crowns» or « the union of the Crowns of France and of Spain » was coined to describe this newrelationship bringing together two powerful kingdoms, their States, their courts and to a lesser extent their societies.The political lead of these changes was the mandate given to the French ambassador nominated by Louis XIV within hisgrandson court. Up to now, very little was known about the role played by this man Amelot de Gournay who portrayed thisambitious politics. This thesis analyses how he managed to serve simultaneously both masters, the King of France and theKing of Spain, while his delicate mission was not exempt of contradictions.The different aspects of the Two Crowns’ governance are studied through the activities developed by the ambassadorAmelot, who was one of the main players, conceiving and carrying out this politics in a time of a change of dynasty.Economics and trade activities became of crucial importance during the negotiations, playing a major role in the outburst ofthe War of the Spanish Succession, as the England and the Dutch Republic feared the possibility that France took over thecommercial relationship with North America. These activities were also part of the efforts of France to befriend Spain. Tradewould have been the backbone of the union between the two nations.In the first part, this work develops the tensions and conflicts generated by Louis XIV’s initiatives with abackground of increasing trade rivalries. During the 17th century, most of the wars led by the King of France against the Kingof Spain and the trade issue between the two kingdoms had left durable marks in both societies, which in return impacted theTwo Crowns’ implementation. In the second part, Amelot de Gournay’s leadership, networks and actions are studied in orderto highlight the practices that ruled negotiations at that time. Finally, the facts and the perception of the Two Crowns areanalysed
Castejón, Philippe. "Réformer la monarchie espagnole : le système de gouvernement de José de Galvez (1765-1787) : réformes politiques, réseau et Superior Gobierno." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010513.
Full textThis dissertation examines the political reforms under the rule of Charles III and, especially, under José de Gálvez, first, as Visitador General of New Spain and, later, as Secretary of State of the Indies. Between 1765 and 1787, Gálvez undertook several profound changes in the Indies’ government, including the creation of new administrative territories: a viceroyalty, two capitanías generales, three audiencias, and numerous intendencias in almost all the Indies. This period was unique for the Spanish monarchy not only for the large-scale reforms, but also for the means to achieve them, which is the focus of our research. By studying the José de Gálvez’s network, we argued that it succeeded in taking control of the Indies’ government. In fact, the goal of the Secretary of State’s clientelism was to serve his political projects. Furthermore, Gálvez’s reforms caused the fragmentation of the Superior Gobierno and the weakness of viceroys’ authority, which resulted in a new government system in the Indies
Tabai, Imen. "La solidarité morisque à l'épreuve du Saint-Office : les procès de Gil Pérez et d'Alonso Cornejo (Valence, 1580-1585)." Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON30027.
Full textAfter the revolution of Moriscos of the old Grenade kingdom and their deportation in Castille (1568-1571) it remained in the Iberian Peninsula, only two areas where traditional Islam had been able to be maintained thanks to a strong density of settlement mudéjare and with an intact Community organization -the aljamas-: Aragon and especially the kingdom of Valence. It is in this last area that the most serious attempts of sedition and resistance to the Christian capacities were witnessed after 1580. It is unfortunately difficult to study its genesis, its organization and its dimensions, as the legend merged with reality and as the anti-morisco propaganda having provided misleading information based on the denunciation of the alleged secessionists’ conspiracies warped by the moriscos- viewed as a fifth column of the Spanish society, consolidated by the assistance of the Ottoman authority. To distinguish myth (supported by collective fears) from authentic Morisco dissidence, we had recourse to the inquisition archives, essential actor in this process. The revolution of the years 1580-1585, or the “Pérez” case, as its name suggests, will enable us as a matter of fact to study simultaneously the rupture between old and new Christians and the limitations of the solidarity within the aljamas, whose principal actors were the morisco élites, within the very framework of the duchy of Segorbe, for which documentation abounds. At the same time, we are led to shed the light on the role, at the very least disconcerting, played by the agents of the Holy Office like by the morisco élite tempted with integration
Quatrefages, René. "L'organisation militaire de l'Espagne (1492-1592)." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040055.
Full textThe art of war has been defined in the modern age by the preeminence of infantry. This military revolution started in Switzerland and collapsed in France, was success at the end of the Reconquista (1492), the catholic kings were conscious of the inability of their military means in order to sustain their foreign policy. Then, they in hardly ten years (1493-1503), these experts built in Spain an entirely new system of men's management and of military administration for the service of the state. Gonzalo of Cordoba, well named the Great captain, tried successfully in Italy the exceptional security inside the kingdom of Spain, and the imperial option chosen by the Hapsburgs lead to an irregular growth in the military structure peninsular forces became obsoletes, to a degree of internal demilitarization revealed only by the Morisco revolt of 1569; on the other side, the external intervention forces were the model for the Tercio (1536), the master of the field of war in Europe for…
Lecerf, Florence. "La vie quotidienne des morisques entre 1502 et 1570 selon les protocoles notariés des archives de Grenade." Caen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CAEN1630.
Full textPriotti, Jean-Philippe. "Bilbao et le commerce européen au XVIe siècle." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20032.
Full textPIERRE CHAUNU'S WORK SEVILLE ET L'ATLANTIQUE, PUBLISHED IN THE YEARS 1955-1960, LED TO A LARGE BODY OF HISTORICAL LITERATURE IN WHICH SEVILLE IS PRESENTED AS THE ONLY IMPORTANT TRADE CENTRE IN THE SPANISH KINGDOMS. THE IMPACT OF THESE STUDIES ON THE ACADEMIC COMMUNITY IS SUCH THAT SCHOLARS HAVE PAID RELATIVELY LITTLE ATTENTION TO BASQUE TRADE IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY. THE FIRST CHAPTER IS DEDICATED TO THE ORIGINS OF PORT ECONOMIC RISE AND TO THE ANALYSIS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT. THE HISTORY OF TRADE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN BILBAO AND EUROPE, AN ATTEMPT TO QUANTIFY BILBAO'S PORT ACTIVITIES, CONSTITUTE THE FIRST PART. IN FACT, UNTIL THE YEARS 1560-1570 BILBAO PLAYED A ROLE AS IMPORTANT AS SEVILLE FOR SPANISH TRADE. THE SECOND PART DEALS WITH TRADE ACTORS. BASQUE PEOPLE ARE NOT ONLY TUNED INTO SHIPPING AS IT USUALLY HAS BEEN SAID. THEY SETTLED IN AMERICA AND IN THE MAIN EUROPEAN TRADE CENTRES. THEY ACTED LIKE REAL BUSINESSMEN IN RELATION WITH THEIR PARENTS LIVING IN THE BASQUE COUNTRY OR IN ANDALUSY. COOPERATING WITH THE BURGOS MERCHANTS, THEY WERE ONE OF THE MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE EUROPEAN TRADE ENVIRONMENT. THE THIRD PART ANALYSES TRADE AND FINANCIAL MECHANISMS. BANKING AND FINANCIAL LINKS THAT BASQUE PEOPLE HAD WITH STATE, NOBILITY AND PEOPLE FROM THE HINTERLAND ARE THE POINT. THE BASQUE COUNTRY'S TRADE, SHIPPING AND INDUSTRIAL DYNAMISM, THE strengthENESS AND FLEXIBILITY OF BASQUE INTERNATIONAL NETWORK, SUMMURISE, AS WELL THE BASQUE CONTRIBUTION TO MODERN SPAIN, AS THEIR PARTICIPATION INTO THE WORLD ECONOMIC DOMINATION OF EUROPE IN ITS INITIAL STEP
Saez, Ricardo. "Recherches sur le clergé castillan et les mentalités religieuses en Espagne à l'époque moderne (1550-1621) : le cas de l'archevêché de Tolède : par Ricardo Saez." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030082.
Full textThe thesis that i have the honour of defending is based on four parts, all of which are linked. Through its volume, it aims to provide an overall history. Thus the various layers of its contents will be studied successively: 1) the geographical and spatial framework of the parish network of the archdiocese of toledo, related to its little-known history. 2) the economic structures reported by ecclesiastical visits in connection with critical examination of the revenue and of the ensuing debate. 3) the links between religion and society. On this point, my work explores the problem of poverty, the implantation of hospitals, particularly those for the mentally ill, and the profound, durable impact of religious communities. 4) the last point discussed in this work concerns the clerical cultures and the three vectors used by the church to increase its hold. After first identifying the emergence of a modern model of the priest, we examine the influence of the catechism, the cartillas (small school textbooks) and the clerks' libraries as reflected in the inventories made after their deaths. These four phases, as merged together in this thesis, attempt to reflect the interdependence of religious phenomena and the radical complexity of their nature. They seek to emphasise the unity of the undertaking
Cánovas, Anny. "La sorcière, la sainte et l'illuminée : les pouvoirs féminins en Espagne à travers les procès (1529-1655)." Toulouse 2, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00334500.
Full textOver the Golden Age the witch, the saint and the enlightened take us back to different cultural religious and political portrayals. But being called a witch, a saint or an enlightened is also the results of trials in favour or against women. Their powers depended on the consideration society and the Church granted them in their dealing with the supernatural. The characteristics which are used to define the different types may change according to the various jurisdictions. The way women were considered good or evil during the trials determined their day to day behaviour and their interactions with others. The object of this thesis is to make a comparative analysis between those three illustrations based on case studies. Its aim is to determine the criteria which made a feminine behaviour be judged negatively or positively according to the people involved in the trials: legal authorities, witnesses and the defendants. Thus the first part of the study endeavours to highlight the official characteristics that predetermined and acknowledged each feminine type. In the second part the argument based on the women's trials under study will open the debate on the so called conclusive points that conditioned the criteria for each type. Throughout this part we will pay close attention to the way women connected to the supernatural were perceived in their location and social environment. The thoughts emerging from this second part will then allow us to extend the fields of research onto the comparison between the various speakers taking part in the trials. We need to find out whether significant points can be observed regarding what made a woman guilty or revered
Crémoux, Françoise. "Pèlerinages et miracles à Guadalupe (Extrémadure) au XVIe siècle." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA030106.
Full textThe collection of virgin maria's miracles of the monastery of guadalupe (extremadura) represents an unexploited bu very interesting corpus. A systematic analysis of the documents wich concern the sixteenth century made possible the reconstitution of pilgrim's religious life. The cult of "santa maria de guadalupe" appears, in this collection, as a very particular one. It possesses a universal dimension, and has several miraculous specializations. But it reveals too constant characteristics of sixteenth century's popular religion. One of these characteristics is the evolution of pilgrimage and the end of medieval roaming. On the other hand, the relation with miraculous facts conduces to an increase of miracle's relates. The cult reveals also a clear difference between the devotion of popular and privileged classes. Finally, it shows, in spite of the influence of counter-reformation's ideas, the popular religion's great requirement of marvellous elements
Bron, Marion du. "Le cheval mexicain en Nouvelle-Espagne entre 1519-1639." Paris, EHESS, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00948259.
Full textTraditionally, the history of the horse in Mexico was envisaged in the light of the winners. Horses were presented as major actors of the victory of the conquerors and their superiority of the losers. Horses symbolized the Conquest, the colonial dominion and the division between the Republic of the Spaniards and the Republic of the Indians. However, the history of the horse in Mexico must be widened to the novo-Hispanic colonial society in general and in which we claim to reveal the genesis of the modem mexican, reason for which we entitled our thesis " The Mexican horse among which the birth and the crystallization extend between 1519 and 1639 approximately. In the term of the consultation and the analysis of a documentation plentiful and varied in the shape and at the bottom and often new, our work allows to enrich at first the history of the horse in Mexico because by approaching the horse from the point of view of the mexican, our thesis appears as the first attempt of social and cultural history on the genesis of the Mexican horse, for the importance granted to the native contributions in the equitation and the techniques of the taming or still for the revealing of a culture of the novo-Hispanic horse cross. Our work also enriches the colonial history in the XVIth century, in the glance in particular sociological portraits of traders and thieves of presented horses and who are the first ones of the genre in this period
Gomez, françois. "Le tribunal du Saint-Office de Saragosse (1561-1700) : Essai d'étude quantitative." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30027.
Full textThe study by the holy office court of zaragoza over the long period of 1561-1700 brings to light certain remarkable characteristics in this inquisitional district. The first characteristic was the significant activity of this court. We have in fact found 5131 cases, unevenly spread over this period : the large majority of wich were judged before 1610, date of the expulsion of the moors. This minority group provided the court with ideal victims, as the + moorih heresy ; was essentially the main reason behind the zaragozan inquisition during the second half of the xvi century. To this quantitative aspect can be added the qualitative factor, as the court was also one of the most repressive of the peninsula (5% burnt alive, 17% suspects tortured), a severity shown particulary towards the moors, protestants and those who committed other + unnatural ; crimes. On the other hand, fewer women suffered the at the hands of the inquisitors here than elsewhere but this shows more a sense of ambiguity than of any particular mercifuiness. The second characteristic of the aragonese inquisition was the range of crimes judged. Added to the + great ; cause of falth that fell naturaly in the jurisdiction of the spanish holy office were those of peripheral offences : -bordeline crimes, in the litteral sense, namely, protestentism and smuggling of the horses. The high number of these cases can be explained by the long pyrenese frontier. -bordeline crimes, in the figurative sense, that is, less heretical ones or + abominable ; sins. This very severely punished behaviour did not fall within the competence of the inquisitional crown court of castille. The third very uncommon and interesting characteristic concerns the huge importance that opposition to the holy office gained here. Several rebellions in which moors were not necessarily involved prove this fact. But a notorious affair, due mainly to the involvement of a well known figure antonio perez- kept the zaragozan inquisition very occupied at the beginning of 1590, and saw the filled with an impressive number of political opponents
Montemayor, Julian. "Tolède entre fortune et déclin (1530-1640)." Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20008.
Full textGilbert, Françoise. "La figure de l'Antéchrist dans l'Espagne du siècle d'or." Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20081.
Full textThe figure of the antichrist in spain in the middle ages is most often used to designate groups or individuals who constitute a threat to the christian world or to a particular community. At the beginning of the modern era, the geographical interiorization of the political threat - both religious and socio-economic - represented for spain by the "conversos" and the "moriscos" and by the internal enemy to the christian world (false christians, false pope. . . ) finds a corresponding geographical interiorization of the eschatological context. The rejected figure of the antichrist takes shape in spain as a precondition of national and religous cohesion. On another level, the interiorizong movement of faith proper to the modern era is accompanied by an interiorization of the eschatological context. The process of salvation no longer operates exclusively on the level of social acts within a public state, but also on the level of private personal acts of faith. In the writings of protestants the figure of a pope-antichrist appears through whom the totality of catholic dogmas and practices is violently attacked. In the face of these protestant attacks, and also the arguments of the "moriscos", the council of trento adopts a new position which sets out to detach the theological figure from all historical implications. The result is the emergence of the figure of the antichrist restored to its status as pure theological concept whose essential function in the process of salvation is no longer considered as imminent
Laurent, Sylvène. "Un pouvoir en images : les usages de la représentation royale sous Philippe II d'Espagne." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040114.
Full textBoeglin, Michel. "L'inquisition au temps de la Contre-Réforme : le tribunal du Saint-Office de Séville (1560-1700)." Montpellier 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON30043.
Full textFernandez, Bernard. "Un tribunal atypique : le saint office basco-castillan, 1538-1700." Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20076.
Full textThe spanish inquisition disposed of many law courts. One of these has attracted our attention, with specific particularities, and perhaps unrivalled ones : "the logrono tribunal". But it seems to us that it is a too much restrictive term, so we have renamed it the "basco castillan tribunal". The study brings owerall the "relaciones de causas" whitch we receiwed from 1538 - 1700, for more than 5 300 "proces". This search is based on various offences which were pursued by the inquisition, essentialy from the different communities judget by this court. In fact, the sociologie investigation, of the inquisitorial staff must be required
Pernot, François. "La Franche-Comté "espagnole", 16e-17e siècles : à travers les archives de Simanca." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010581.
Full textThanks to the archives kept in Simancas (Spain) about "Spanish" Franche-Comté in the 16th and 17th centuries, some conclusions can be drawn concerning the political, economical, diplomatic and military relations spain maintained with one of its extrapeninsular territories. Each Spanish king considered differently burgundy. This county, which was more and more threatened on its west border, took its political and psychological independence from spain to attach more its future to the east, to switzerland and the holy roman empire. As a consequence, in the 16th and 17th centuries, madrid felt poorly rewarded to have given favours to the natives of Franche-Comté and first of all to noblemen who considered the spanish king only as guarantee of their fortune and served him as far as they were paid back. In these two centuries and even in the declining period suffered by spain since the beginning of the 17th century, the parliament had never been abandoned by madrid. Indeed the spanish government put men devoted to the monarchy at key positions in the court of dole. Besides burgundy was not of great interest for spain as most benefits from franche-comte were used to give the natives allowances; when there were some benefits left, they were applied to the keeping of fortresses or local garrisons. In other words, money taken from franche-comte was nearly totally given back to it. Spanish kings only cared for salt mines, they took advantage on them but did not always use profits advisedly. At that time in spain took place a controversy on the usefulness or not to keep netherlands and in particular the former burgundian regions in the Spanish empire. Such a controversy revealed a certain weariness or even a strong discouragement to fight for territories that were not at all grateful and always asked for more freedom
Milhou, Anne. "Paresse et travail chez les moralistes espagnols du XVIe siècle." Bordeaux 3, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR30014.
Full textRoulet, Éric. "Indiens et pratiques indigènes en Nouvelle-Espagne au XVIè siècle impact et réalité de la "conquête spirituelle" 1521-1571." Reims, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REIML011.
Full textThe evangelization of the Indians in New Spain did not have the efficiency one used to think for the XVIth century. The spiritual conquest was moderate, because of the way it was done and definetely because of the men themselves, either clergymen or Indians. It was a hard task to fulfill and the native communauties presented a whole range of different religious situations. Clergymen could not always serve as a model for them. Some were brutal, violent and did not really care about ethics and Christian values. Others used to soften their religious requirements in order to please those who supported them, as the traditionnal elite, and in order to back their economical interests. Indians did have some freedom of action in the end. They knew how to preserve their religious practises when they had to face Christianism. And when they decided to convert themselves, they did not forget their economical, social and political interests
Valiente, Séverine. "Les élites locales et le pouvoir dans les municipalités de Castille à l’époque moderne : le cas de Cuenca (1556-1598)." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30062.
Full textThe advent of modern State established the political role of the local elites at a time when power was traditionally in the hands of monarchy or nobility. In Cuenca, under the reign of Felipe II, the regidores were one of these elites: they wielded municipal power and controlled the access to the different local resources. Moreover their charge brought them social prestige and exempted them from taxes, which contributed to their being assimilated to the nobility. The possession of a charge of regidor had then become a precious tool for the strategies of social mobility. Even more so as the charge was affected by a venality which reached its climax in the midst of the reign of the « prudent » king, which facilitated the access to the Regimiento. This one was then essentially composed of representatives of the gentry, among whom some wealthy members of the middle-class attempted, in their turn, to reinforce their position. Thanks to clever marriages of convenience and a well-established patron-client network, the members of this new elite could constitute remarkable patrimonies, thus granting to their descendants access to the highest spheres of nobility. To achieve their position they had to join the local nobility whose relations to the central power were henceforth based on an exchange of services
Langé, Christine. "Pouvoir royal, pouvoir foral. La capitainerie générale et le pleito du capitaine de guerre en Aragon, XVIe-XVIIe siècles." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20083.
Full textIn the 16th century, the territorial-type general captain institution became permanent in the aragon kingdom, bearing four characteristics : permanent office, fixed territorial jurisdiction, union with the viceroy in one same person, and limitation of its competence, particularly concerning military jurisdiction, to "time, persons and matters of war", by a fuero entitled about the captain of war. The general captain, previously main co-ordinator of local military forces, became at the end of that century, chief of the royal garrisons settled at the pyrenean frontier and in zaragoza. The political interest of that office for viceroys and kings was such that the general captain was generally considered as not having to observe the kingdom's fueros although he had to respect the fuero about the captain of war. He was then able to do things that the viceroy couldn't legally do. The political use of the general captaincy by the monarchy mainly resulted in the prohibition of trade between aragon and france and the seizure of goods owned by frenchmen resideing in the kingdom. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, this motivated an opposition (pleito) to the general captain's military jurisdiction, trade bans and goods seizures, by the authorities of the kingdom (justicia of aragon, deputies, cities) that requested the respect of the fuero about the captain of war. The study of this opposition enables us to measure the respective powers of the royalty and the fueros. The evolution of the pleito, illustrating the relationship between the king and his kingdom, shows that the transition from radically different positions to a mutual collaboration never excluded an aragonese particularism resulting in the impossibility to forbid trade with france and leading to the rising role of the governor as compared to that of the viceroy - general captain
Manzano, González Raquel. "Présence et influence de l'Espagne dans la culture napolitaine du XVIè siècle." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070043.
Full textIn the 16th century, Naples was a part of the Spanish Kingdom ; the Spanish influence is obvious in the institutions, but also in a 'melting-pot' society where Spaniards and Neapolitans were in contact. The first part of this work attempts a general description of Naples (historical background, main public figures, social and cultural life) before the arrival of the viceroy Toledo. The second part analyses the changes due to the reinforcement of the Spanish presence under Toledo. The Spanish presence is reflected in the topography of the town, but also in the traditions of theatre and festivals. Music and the fine arts show many examples of mutual influence between Spaniards and Neapolitans. The importance of the academies in the Neapolitan culture raises a double question - about the presence of Spaniards in those social circles, and about the suspicion of the authorities towards them. Literary and linguistic influences were prominent, and also mutual. An inquiry on the books printed in Naples from 1470 to 1600 has provided an inventory list which is analysed in the third part, allowing a better understanding of the Spanish presence in Neapolitan publishing
Rabaey, Hélène. "Erasmisme, traductions et traducteurs d'Erasme en Espagne au XVIème siècle." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUEL590.
Full textThis thesis deals with Erasmus' translators and translations in 16th century Spain and is structured round three main lines. The first is about Erasmus' fourteen known translators and is aimed at drawing up their biographical profile as well as looking into the way they conceive and practise translation ; the second reflects on the Spanish erasmianism and the disclosure of his work in Spain and tries to bring out the Spanish specificity ; and the last one studies all the Spanish translations done in the 16th century. Afterwards, in the last chapter, I have summarized my observations : which Erasmus is tranlated in Spain ? How much has his thought been altered and censored ? Which role do the translators play in the adaptation process and which Erasmus do they offer to the readers ? These are the main questions I have tried to answer
Alvarez, Salvador. "La grande frontière asiatique du Nord de la Nouvelle-Espagne : l'expansion espagnole dans le Septentrion au XVIème siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0083.
Full textThe surrender and destruction of the Aztec capital and the conquest of rich American societies by the Castilian Crown are indeed major events but the Spaniards expected much more from their destiny in the New World. It is nethertheless a phenomenon that is not understandable without taking into account the geographical notions related to Ptolome's cosmographic model. As the northwestern portion of the American continent was represented as an extension of Asia or a region closed to it, the pacific coast became the most important borderland for the conquistadores established in New Spain, during half a century. The great expeditions in quest of lost kingdoms situated in the North stimulated the colonization of new territories. Despite the conquistadors'bad luck in their search of the Asian northwestern kingdoms, a second large frontier appeared during the second half of the sixteenth century, it was the tierra adentro that is to be related with the big septentrional terra incognita, situated between the North of New Spain and continental Asia, the conquest of which remained the main origin of Spanish expansion. Finally, when the quest of northern New Mexico was over, Spanish explorations declined suddenly and began at the same time a new process characterized by a slow and gradual occupation of new territories
Richer-Rossi, Françoise. "L'édition vénitienne et la matière espagnole : (1540-1600)." Paris 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030073.
Full textIn opposition to spain who was very present in the italian peninsula in the xvi, venice was the bulwark of freedom in italy. Moreover, in the serenissima there was an intense intellectual activity and the spanish ambassador hurtado de mendoza and the translator ulloa favoured the circulation of the ideas between spain and italy. In order to know what place the spanish matter had in the venitian publishing trade we composed a catalogue of 827 occurrences (originals and traductions from 1540 to 1600). The spanish influence is clear in historic, fabulous and religious works, though there were other kinds of books. The public was interested by the wars in the north (protestants) and by those in the south (infidels). Moreover, italy knew the revival of the imperial myth incarnated by charles v. The new world was very interesting too, but the religious books were more successful, particulary those that exalted the counter reformation. However "heterodoxes", like juan de valdes, were also published. The index of forbidden books had a capital importance. The translators played a prominent part in the publishing world. The spanish did not imagine an empire without their own linguistic domination and italians saw the profits and cultivated the language of dominant spain. Some of both gave proof of great, though sometimes unscrupulous, capacity for invention (spurious works, arbitrary compilations). Publishers would do anything in order to sell these books which were often dedicated to the spanish and the italians to iron out the differences between the two peninsulas
Tama, Bena Vital. "Les noirs en Espagne aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles." Perpignan, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PERP0101.
Full textThe presence of a large black population in spain in the xvi and xvii centuries has always aroused many speculations ot theses. If we take into account texts concerning black people (e. G deeds executed and authenticated by a notary, reports written by city councils, correspondances from the kingdom councils, etc) and literary texts (drama, poetry, novels, etc), we would be clarifying versions provided by spaniards and black people them selves, while showing how spanish society at the time saw this black minority who was made up of people who were not free, but whose attempts at getting integrated often met with some resistance
Dubet, Anne. "Le réformateur Luis Valle de la Cerda (1552?-1606) : l'homme, son oeuvre et son temps : une tentative de réforme des finances dans l'Espagne du Siècle d'Or." Bordeaux 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR30015.
Full textThe subject of my work is the plan of reform of luis valle de la cerda (1552 ?-1606) : the creation of a network of credit institutions (erarios and pawnshops) to loan funds to the king, the subjects and towns and help them to disengage their patrimony. Two centers of interest : 1) we can study the consciousness of "decline" of spanish people in a critical age, specially his expression in the production of the arbitristas. 2) the political struggle caused by the trials of reform during more than 50 years shows the importance of this plan. The arbitrista valle de la cerda is'nt the inventor: the plans comes from flanders (by 1560) and the story stops in castile (1628). But his contribution to the diffusion of the plan, with the book desempeno del patrimonio de su majestad, y de los reinos, sin dano del rey y vasallos, y con descanso y alivio de todos. Por medio de los erarios publicos y montes de piedad (published by the cortes of castile and leon in 1600) is essential. So the author is the center of my work. I include a critical edition of this book in my thesis. After an introduction about the financial context in the sixteenth century, i study 1) the biography and political and economical conceptions of valle de la cerda and his principal collaborator pierre d'oudegherst, 2) the trials to institute erarios and pawnshops and the political conflicts they caused. All the trials failed : so i propose an analysis of the reasons wich made reforms impossible. I insist on the adverse interests accumulated, but i recant the signification of plans of reform : they're basis of negociation more than aims themselves. On another hand, the arbitristas are not an archaism in modern state : they're parts of the administration of the period
Fallay, d'Este Lauriane. "Peinture et théorie à Séville au temps de Francisco Pacheco : La nouvelle Rome." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA04A001.
Full textBaduel, Sokhn Catherine. "Gerónimo Castillo de Bobadilla, corregidor de Guadalajara : une expérience de gouvernement municipal au temps de Philippe II." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040203.
Full textAlbis, Cécile d'. "Les fêtes civico-religieuses à Grenade XVIe-XVIIe siècles." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0116.
Full textThis work approaches through the study of the urban celebrations the big stakes which shaped the difficult incorporation of Granada in Castile in 1492, till the end of XVII th century. By following the birth and the evolution of these celebrations and by confronting them with the contemporary historic context, social splits and the fundamental role of festivity in the making and the negotiation of power could be identified. We also notice leveling terms and recurring arguments there, ceaselessly rearranged according to the context, which establish together a system which we called the myth of Granada. This narrative that thwarts the attempts of composition and rationalization is constituted by a hard core the essential terms of which are the conquest on one hand, martyrdom and autochthony of the other. It is clearly observable at every level of the celebrations: stage setting, processional hierarchies, spiritual patronages, spectacles, liturgical, literary and iconographic forms, etc
Caselli, Elisa. "Antijudaïsme, pouvoir politique et administration de la justice : Juifs, chrétiens et convertis dans l'espace juridictionnel de la Chancilleria de Valladolid (XVe - XVIe siècles)." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0104.
Full textThrough the study of judicial records that involved Jews, among themselves or against Christians, we aim to analyze the nexus that all established with the available legal resources. Our fundamental concern is centered on the relations of power and thus when interpreting the data we shall place a very special emphasis on the political polycentrism and the consequent superposition of juridical regulations and agents with the capacity to administer justice. Based on these premises, we shall try to offer a different vision of the relations that Jews, Christians and Converts had in the jurisdiction of the Chancellery of Valladolid between approximately 1475 and 1525. Ln the first place, we shall consider the political and judicial framework in which the lawsuits under consideration took place; this environment is marked by the strong presence of Christian anti-Judaism, the result of the inherence between religion and nonnative production, an essential characteristic of the period under consideration. The analysis continues in focusing on the practice of the administration of justice, studying how, when, in what manner the norms were applied and what the margin of elasticity was, if it did indeed exist, and to the extent that it is possible, we shall offer an explanation of the reasons why this dynamic occurred. Likewise we shall examine the judicial Iawsuits that were underway when the expulsion of the Jewish community was announced and what happened to the litigants that converted, thus changing their judicial status in these new circumstances. The lawsuits that took place subsequently, that is, when many Jews that had been exiled, returned baptized, will also be analyzed
Caporal-Revel, Chrysis. "Critique littéraire et controverse théâtrale des élisabéthains à Lope de Vega : étude de littérature comparée." Paris 4, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040103.
Full textLitteraires anglaises et espagnoles, les derniers les defenses des acteurs the study examines interactions in england and spain between pamphlets against literature written by puritans and moralists, legislation and essays in literary and theatrical criticism. The texts studied range from literary apologies to defences of the theatree written by professional actors at the beginning of the 17th century. To begin with, a qualitative approach is adopted in order to define appropriate critera and show that show that the documents can be divided into "series"; they are subsequently studied from a quantitative point of view. The purpose is to demonstrate the relationship between the ethical and literary controversy in the two countries, as well as its effects on theatrical theory
Leblay, Anne. "Proscrits ibériques à Paris au temps des monarchies constitutionnelles (1814-1848)." Paris, EHESS, 2013. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01419419.
Full textThe presence in Paris of Spanish and Portuguese political refugees is significant during Restauration and monarchie de Juillet. Iberic emigrations play their part in the creation of a first status of refugees at the beginning of monarchie de Juillet : an asylum policy, developed from the model of treatment of war prisoners, is created for the Spaniards. The individual and political surveillance towards refugees is replaced by a general policy of allocating “subsides” and setting residence is organized, which tends to a global control system. But, in the continuity of Restauration and despite official statements, refugees care remains biased. Portuguese liberal organization between 1828 and 1833 is close to a exiled State. It gives assistance to the refugees, realizes an active propaganda and carries on the military battle. During Restauration, Paris’ play is limited for the Spanish liberal. But with the failure of “pronunciamientos” strategy, various representative boards of refugees are tried out in 1830-1831. Despite their failure, they convey new political patterns based on representativeness and freedom of expression. Refugee situation also questions identity. Proscription contributes to the emergence of a nationalism “in exile”. Both populations emigrate with the family. The army is a conveyor of solidarity, as, to a lesser extent, Church and freemasonry. Unlike the Portuguese, a lot of Spaniards have a job. In Paris, political migrants are depending on a special system. Because of the size of the city, refugees of each nation can live separately. The long-lasting Spanish exile and the fact that “Foreigners” and “refugees” are not yet well-defined denomination in the French society born after the French Revolution help their integration
Ribera, Jean-Michel. "Les ambassadeurs du roi de France auprès de Philippe II, du traité du Cateau-Cambrésis (1559) à la mort de Henri III (1589) : diplomatie et espionnage." Toulouse 2, 2004. https://acces.bibliotheque-diderot.fr/login?url=https://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/index.php?module=App&action=FrameMain&colname=ColGarnier&filename=JraMS01.
Full textDuring the thirty years of French diplomatic representation in Madrid, five Ambassadors followed each other. Those men, born into the provincial nobility are introduced to the King by relations or allied. They are experienced men who served the King in varied diplomatic negotiations and / or military campaigns. Their main mission is to preserve peace and secure the installation of Elisabeth de Valois, new Queen of Spain into the Court. Confronted with the hostility of the Spaniards, those Ambassadors do defend the policy of the kings of France and its omnipresent mother Catherine de Medicis. They rely on a really expensive informers network that leads to their debt. Spies in the foreign court, they invent all sorts of stratagems to send their messages. The letters are coded ; they duplicate the mails they sent onto different ways. The events they are confronted with (the meeting of Bayonne, the Florida affair or the conquest of Portugal) reveal their personalities, the moments of détente or tension between the two crowns
Román, Abascal Laura Patricia. "L' influence de l'architecture dominicaine française sur l'architecture du même ordre dans la Nouvelle Espagne au XVIème siècle." Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30027.
Full textThe main theme of this thesis find the most ancient sources of the conception of architectural design and decoration of the convents of the Dominican order in New Spain in the sixteenth century. This research is divided into three chapters. The first was an analysis of the birth, development, life and the rule of the Dominican order, of its foundation in France and his arrival in New Spain, in order to know whether there was any relationship between the rule, the activities of the monks and the general conception of the convents and specific spaces. In the second chapter examines the life and characteristics of European mendicant monasteries in the Middle Ages, particularly the architecture of the Cistercian Order and the Plan of Saint Gall, to establish the conceptual and physical references, first of all, in the architecture of the Dominican order in France and then in the convents of the same order in New Spain. In the third chapter provides an analysis and a comparison between the characteristics of the French Dominican architecture and the architecture of the same order in New Spain in the sixteenth century. Thus confirming the influence of the french dominican convents on the convents in New Spain in terms of its design and construction. The discoveries and knowledge generated through this research and their analysis allow us to test the hypothesis of this work, which states that the french dominican architecture was influenced by cistercian architecture and later adopted elements of this architecture were carried to Spain for later transplant them in Mexico, changing the previous state of knowledge of art history that for centuries has been argued that the model of the architecture of the Dominican order in New Spain in the sixteenth century is the result of Spanish models and constructions. This work allows us to explore new paths to the relationship between French art and Mexican colonial art
Montoya, Manuel. "Le peintre herméneute : théorétique et théologie de l'image dans la peinture espagnole des siècles d'or (1560-1730)." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30002.
Full textThe influence of the council of trent in the aesthetic context of the 16th and 17th centuries is usually discussed without knowing what the counter-reformation had an effect on. The 25th session of the council is totally silent on the matter, and explains nothing since it is only interested in the worldly impact of the image. It is however to this session alone that art historians refer. Nevertheless, the discussions of the 2nd and 3rd periods devoted to the effective presence of sense in the eucharistic sign inform us on the possible influence of this debate on spanish treatises of painting that wished to dispute the platonic contradiction, and to bring out, at all costs, the plastic sign of the material referent. After a study of numerous works (approximately 600) published in the course of a period that goes from 1560, the date of the first major spanish treatise, to 1730, the date of the last "baroque" work, the study sets out to show that the realism of spanish painting, proclaimed by art historians, is only an illusion, and that "mannerism" and "baroque" are "invented" modern concepts which have no raison d'etre and explain absolutely nothing. And moreover, that the whole of spanish aesthetic theory and practice, through emblematic works, tried, in their way, to resolve the apparent contradiction between sign and object, by presenting painting as a system of knowledge rather than recognition which placed it in a much wider perspective, that of illation, which has its origins in the 13th century in st thomas aquinas, and even in the 4th century in the thought of st augustine
Blais, Nathalie. "Regards sur la ville sous la monarchie de Juillet : patrimoine architectural et modernité urbaine dans un espace en mutation." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H004.
Full textHeiress of seeds sowed since the French Revolution, the July Monarchy develops the bases of a cultural heritage policy in a context of urban revival. Cities begin a transformation process of their framework to answer the necessities of the public health and adapt itself to the socioeconomic changes. In this context, new forms of vandalism appear. Between preservation of monuments and public health-, various actors have to reach a consensus. Although criticized, the re-use appears as the best alternative. It is a question of reconciling the monuments of Ancient France with the imperatives of modern France. Of this denunciation of "beau percé", the defense of a face of the city, with the notion of urban landscape appears. Object of a local pride, the building constitutes an economic cultural capital. Landscapes and monuments constitute one of the main attractions and assets of a city. The government establishes three entities dedicated to historic monuments and favors the development of the learned societies. These actors, called "hussars of historic monuments", involve to the practices of Ancien Regime. In the face of a multi-form vandalism, they develop new modalities of management of buildings by taking into account several parameters, of which the integrity. Through their speeches, they invite in a new reflection on the place and the role of the historical monument in an urban space which regenerates in depth. To reach their goals, tools of popularization of the archaeology are set up and spread to train the new generation and contribute to an awareness
Chauchadis, Claude. "La loi du duel : le code du point d'honneur dans la société et la littérature espagnoles des XVIe-XVIIe siècles." Toulouse 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU20052.
Full textMany historical and literary clues reveal the impact of the law of the duel in the mentalities and behaviours of the spaniards of the 16th and 17th centuries. Stating from this observation and making clear that the law of the duel means "code of the point of honour". The first part of this thesis studies the building-up of this code whose sources are to be sought in the castilian law, the medieval code of chivalryn romances of chivalry or treatises of italian experts of duel. The second part is an analysis of the controversies rising from the enforcement of this law. The leading social forces are involved in this debate : the military nobility, the judicial power with its lawyers, the religious power with its theologians, preachers and confessors. It appears that, in spite of all the criticism aroused by this law of the duel, it draws its strength from the value of the duel considered as a symbol of nobility. This study of the social issues involved in the law of the duel is followed by an analysis of the way this law is followed by an perceived in two types of literary works : the work of cervantes and the comedia. In the last part of the thesis we have tried to define how the law of the duel worked in practise, mainly from chronicles and the judicial archives of the time